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Ans. A deterministic system is one in which the occurrence of all events is known with
certainty. If the description of the system state at a particular point of time of its operation is
given, the next state can be perfectly predicted.
A probabilistic system is one in which the occurrence of events cannot be perfectly predicted.
Though the behavior of such a system can be described in terms of probability, a certain
degree of error is always attached to the prediction of the behavior of the system.
Q3. explain how the concept of knowledge management relate to data and information?
Ans . The difference, and relationship, between data and information is a common debate. Not only do
these two terms have varying definitions, but they are often used interchangeably. Just a few examples
include comparing and contrasting data quality with information quality, data management with
information management, and data governance with information governance.
Data – The raw material of information
• Information – Data organized and presented by someone
• Knowledge – Information read, heard, or seen, and understood
• Wisdom – Distilled and integrated knowledge and understanding
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