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Acupuncture and Moxibustion—A Clinical Desk Reference
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Acupuncture and Moxibustion
~A Clinical Desk Reference~
Cheng, Xiaoming
Licensed Acupuncturist
III
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior permission of the author.
ISBN: 1-4243-2647-8
Notice
All information contained herein is for educational purposes only and is no substitute for diagnosis and treatment
from a qualified and licensed acupuncturist and Chinese medical practitioner. Neither the author nor the editor
assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising from this publication.
Copyright 2005
Dr. Cheng Xiaoming
Chinese Acupuncture and Herb Services
IV
Acknowledgements
Thanks to my friends Mary Moses and Benjamin D. Feeley, for their excellent English editing and design.
I truly appreciate all they did for this book.
V
VI
Author’s Preface
Long ago, when I first began practicing acupuncture and moxibustion, I searched for a clinical acupuncture
guidebook to supplement the advice of my clinic supervisor. Unfortunately, 30 years passed and the helpful
guidebook I was looking for still hadn’t appeared. As I continued to try to find more clinical information from one
book to another, from contemporary texts to books written 2000 years ago, I thought, “Why not make one for
myself and other acupuncturists as well?” And thus, I began to compile all the acupuncture clinical information I
had been collecting since 1992—effective prescriptions, practical experience, and treatment techniques for such a
book.
In this book, I give detailed explanations of traditional knowledge according to Traditional Chinese Medical
theory, clinical demands, and my own experience. Because most ancient texts only name points and their locations
without detailed explanation, it is extremely difficult for modern acupuncturists to learn from the experiences of
historical practitioners and apply their knowledge. Therefore, I have also explained critical diagnostic skills needed
for the various diseases, needle techniques that should be applied, and sections discussing other acupuncture related
therapies—all important aspects of practicing acupuncture that are frequently not examined in detail.
The practice of acupuncture and moxibustion is a clinical art in the field of non-conventional medicine. Most of
the time the techniques have no set patterns and only follow the practitioner’s ideas. I once came across a research
report investigating this kind of randomness in acupuncture clinics. The researcher sent a back pain patient to seven
different acupuncture clinics in California, and got seven totally different diagnoses—Qi and Blood Stagnation,
Kidney Deficiency, Body fluid retention, Dai-mai Stagnation, and Liver Qi Stagnation were some of them.
Unfortunately, these inconsistencies will not make much progress for the profession as a whole in today’s more
scientific approach to acupuncture. Because any given disease could have various understandings in acupuncture
theory, etiology analysis, diagnosis, point prescription, and treatment techniques, I try to explain the disease from the
view of mainstream acupuncture theory. What I mean by mainstream acupuncture theory is according to the
standard TCM University texts used in the People’s Republic of China and the mainstream thoughts in ancient
acupuncture books. I do this in order to help the readers who have no traditional acupuncture educational
background in their practice and use of acupuncture. My hope is that the practice of acupuncture and moxibustion
techniques will create its own path toward significant progress in scientific acupuncture research to help people heal
from disease and increase their quality of life.
In chapter one of this desk reference, I spend a little time mentioning common TCM and acupuncture theories,
and summarize the theory to make it a bit easier to understand. The meridian diagnosis and point prescription
sections are critical parts in this chapter, and give an unprecedented introduction on to how to make point
prescriptions easy, effective, and logical.
Chapter two is the main chapter in of the book. In order to help people in their clinical practices, I introduce
disease from 5 perspectives:
General TCM and acupuncture theory of disease
Mainstream acupuncture diagnosis and treatment
Adjunctive therapies within the field of acupuncture and Traditional Chinese Medicine
Traditional prescriptions that have been effective as well as my own clinical experiences
Case analysis and evaluation of acupuncture in the treatment of the discussed disease.
With this chapter, I have tried to make each disease have the most appropriate TCM and acupuncture diagnoses and
familiarize the reader with more than 10 treatment techniques for each.
Chapter three then introduces all the techniques that were mentioned in chapter two. This chapter is intended
to help readers who were not exposed to these techniques during their acupuncture education, or their self-study. I
have also spent time introducing traditional acupuncture needle techniques and moxibustion techniques as well as
other therapies.
VII
My hope is this book will become a great public resource and encourage acupuncturists to donate their own
clinical experiences to this initial body of knowledge. My goal is to make this an invaluable resource, rich with
information that can be shared by the entire acupuncture community. I look forward to becoming friends and
communicating with other acupuncture practitioners and hope this book will help others in their practice and
scientific acupuncture research.
I am going to open a new web page for this book and sincerely welcome all friends and colleagues to send me
your clinically effective acupuncture experience so that we can share acupuncture knowledge and promote
acupuncture in North America, as well as abroad and in China. In the coming years we will revise this book to
include new information received. Feel free to contact me at bostontcm@yahoo.com.
Spring 2006
Cheng Xiaoming
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Editor’s Preface
As a student of Dr. Cheng in acupuncture school, I was extremely impressed by his knowledge of
acupuncture and Traditional Chinese Medicine, as well as his vast knowledge of Western medicine. His lectures
were exciting and informative due to his un-exhausting clinical experience, consisting of observations regarding the
medicine that just cannot be found in books. So when he told us he had just finished a book in English, I was very
eager to read it.
The first draft of this book that he made available to us then was full of clinical information and techniques
from TCM theories, meridian diagnosis, needle techniques, adjunctive techniques etc. Unfortunately, there were
many English misspellings and mistakes, and the layout made it very difficult to read due to the fact it was written in
his non-native language. Given this, the knowledge contained in the book was often overlooked and not referenced
by us in our clinical internship. In wading through the difficulties however, I discovered many gems that helped me
in treating my patients and felt that the book had no chance without a proper revision and edit.
So I volunteered to revise the English with him in order to prep the book for a proper publishing. In doing
so we were able to keep all the content originally contained in the book, as well as Dr. Cheng’s style of explanation
of TCM concepts, techniques, etc. Well into this work, Dr. Cheng expressed the desire to self-publish the material.
The reason for this was two-fold: firstly, Dr. Cheng wanted to retain all rights and be able to revise and re-publish
the book when he felt necessary, and secondly, to keep the cost of the book low for acupuncture students and
practitioners. Therefore, in order to curb any excess costs that would be passed on to those interested in purchasing
the book, we have done all the editing and layout of the book ourselves.
That being said, I must declare that I am not a professional editor and this book continues to be a work
in progress. I do have some experience with languages, completing my undergraduate degree in Japanese language
and literature, and teaching English as a foreign language for several years abroad, though I am not a professional
editor by any means nor have I tried to be one. I am an acupuncturist. And it is with the mind of an acupuncturist
that I have done my best to make Dr. Cheng’s work intelligible, useful, and accessible for the English speaking
acupuncture community. Like Dr. Cheng, I share in the hope that this book will become a great public resource, an
invaluable one, and rich with information to be shared by the entire acupuncture community.
Now over three years have passed since I volunteered to help Dr. Cheng with this book. It is my sincerest
wish that the material herein would provide the reader with further insight into acupuncture and Traditional Chinese
Medicine. If while reading one finds a mistake or some part of the book that is not clear, please contact us at
bostontcm@yahoo.com and we will do our best to rectify any content for future editions.
Benjamin D. Feeley
Summer 2006
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Contents
SECTION I
A GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO CHINESE ACUPUNCTURE AND MOXIBUSTION
CHAPTER I: BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF ACUPUNCTURE & MOXIBUSTION ......................................................... 4

TREATMENT EFFECTS OF ACUPUNCTURE AND MOXIBUSTION........................................................................... 4
Regulation of Yin and Yang.............................................................................................................................................. 4
Reinforcing Vital Qi and Eliminating Pathogens............................................................................................................. 4
Dredging the Meridians (Ensuring Qi and Blood flow through the Meridians) .............................................................. 5
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES OF ACUPUNCTURE AND MOXIBUSTION..................................................................... 6

“Reinforce Deficiency and Reduce Excess.” ................................................................................................................... 6
“Clear Heat and Warm the Cold.” .................................................................................................................................. 6
“Treat the Branch and the Root.”.................................................................................................................................... 6
“Same disease—different therapeutic method. Different disease—same therapy.” ........................................................ 7
“Local and Whole Body Therapy”................................................................................................................................... 7
CHAPTER II: PRINCIPLES OF DIAGNOSIS................................................................................................................... 8

BA GANG BIAN ZHENG: DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS—THE 8 PRINCIPAL SYNDROMES. .................................................... 8
Differential Diagnosis of Interior or Exterior Syndrome................................................................................................. 8
Differential Diagnosis of Cold and Heat Syndromes ....................................................................................................... 9
Differential Diagnosis of Deficiency and Excess Syndrome .......................................................................................... 10
Differential Diagnosis of Yin and Yang ......................................................................................................................... 12
ZANG FU AND MERIDIAN DIAGNOSIS TECHNIQUES ............................................................................................. 14

LUNG AND LARGE INTESTINE .................................................................................................................................. 14
SPLEEN AND STOMACH ............................................................................................................................................. 17
HEART AND SMALL INTESTINE................................................................................................................................. 20
KIDNEY AND URINARY BLADDER............................................................................................................................. 24
LIVER AND GALL BLADDER ...................................................................................................................................... 27
PERICARDIUM AND TRIPLE WARMER..................................................................................................................... 30
CHAPTER III: PRESCRIPTION METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................................... 32

PRINCIPLE INDICATIONS OF THE FOURTEEN MAJOR MERIDIANS .................................................................... 32
Three Hand Yin Meridian Indications ........................................................................................................................... 32
Three Hand Yang Meridian Indications......................................................................................................................... 32
Three Foot Yang Meridian Indications .......................................................................................................................... 32
Three Foot Yin Meridian Indications............................................................................................................................. 32
Conception and Governing Meridian Indications.......................................................................................................... 33
XI
THE DISTINGUSHING FEATURES OF THE FOURTEEN MAJOR MERIDIAN INDICATIONS .............................. 34

Hand Tai Yin Meridian of the Lung ............................................................................................................................... 34
Hand Yang Ming Meridian of the Large Intestine ......................................................................................................... 34
Foot Yang Ming Meridian of the Stomach ..................................................................................................................... 36
Foot Tai Yin Meridian of the Spleen .............................................................................................................................. 37
Hand Shao Yin Meridian of the Heart............................................................................................................................ 39
Hand Tai Yang Meridian of the Small Intestine............................................................................................................. 40
Foot Tai Yang Meridian of the Urinary Bladder ........................................................................................................... 41
Foot Shao Yin Meridian of the Kidney........................................................................................................................... 42
Hand Jue Yin Meridian of the Pericardium ................................................................................................................... 43
Hand Shao Yang Meridian of the Triple Warmer .......................................................................................................... 44
Foot Shao Yang Meridian of the Gall Bladder .............................................................................................................. 45
Foot Jue Yin Meridian of the Liver ................................................................................................................................ 46
Governing Vessel ........................................................................................................................................................... 47
Conception Vessel .......................................................................................................................................................... 47
BASIC CONCEPT OF ACUPUNCTURE POINTS........................................................................................................... 48

The Classification of Points ........................................................................................................................................... 48
Treatment Effects of Acupuncture Points....................................................................................................................... 48
POINT SELECTION.......................................................................................................................................................... 48
Selection of Local and Adjacent Points.......................................................................................................................... 49
Selection of Distal Points ............................................................................................................................................... 49
APPLICATIONS OF SPECIAL ACUPUNCTURE POINTS ............................................................................................ 49

Application of the Five-Shu Points................................................................................................................................. 50
Application of the Yuan-Source Points .......................................................................................................................... 51
Application of the Luo-Connecting Points ..................................................................................................................... 53
Application of Back-Shu and Front-Mu Points .............................................................................................................. 53
Application of Lower He-Sea Points—Xia He Xue ........................................................................................................ 55
Application of the Sixteen Xi-Cleft Points ...................................................................................................................... 55
Application of the Eight Influential Points..................................................................................................................... 56
Application of the Eight Confluence Points ................................................................................................................... 57
Application of Crossing-Meeting Points ........................................................................................................................ 58
COMMONLY USED ACUPUNCTURE POINTS FOR SPECIFIC INDICATIONS........................................................ 61

Qi.................................................................................................................................................................................... 61
Blood .............................................................................................................................................................................. 62
Body Fluids .................................................................................................................................................................... 62
Shen-Spirit, Sleep, and Dreams...................................................................................................................................... 63
Voice and Speech ........................................................................................................................................................... 64
External Genitalia and Urination .................................................................................................................................. 64
Anus and Bowel Movement ............................................................................................................................................ 65
Headache and Dizziness ................................................................................................................................................ 66
THE METHODOLOGY OF ACUPUNCTURE POINT PRESCRIPTIONS ..................................................................... 67

Selecting Point Prescriptions Acccording to Meridian Theory...................................................................................... 67
Selecting Point Prescriptions According to the Theory of the Zang-Fu ........................................................................ 67
Selecting Point Prescriptions According to the Theory of Modern Medicine................................................................ 68
Selecting Point Prescriptions According to Other Acupuncture Modalites ................................................................... 68
Selecting Point Prescriptions According to Clinical Experience................................................................................... 69
XII
SECTION TWO
ACUPUNCTURE POINT PRESCRIPTIONS
CHAPTER I: INTERNAL MEDICINE DISORDERS ..................................................................................................... 72
ABDOMINAL PAIN.......................................................................................................................................................... 72
ASTHMA ........................................................................................................................................................................... 78
BELL’S PALSY— PERIPHERAL FACIAL PARALYSIS .............................................................................................. 88
BERIBERI SYNDROME................................................................................................................................................... 94
BI SYNDROME............................................................................................................................................................... 100
CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME—XU LAO ............................................................................................................ 110
COMMON COLD ............................................................................................................................................................ 118
CONSTIPATION ............................................................................................................................................................. 126
COUGH............................................................................................................................................................................ 134
DIABETES....................................................................................................................................................................... 142
DIARRHEA ..................................................................................................................................................................... 150
DIZZINESS AND VERTIGO .......................................................................................................................................... 158
DYSENTERY .................................................................................................................................................................. 164
EDEMA............................................................................................................................................................................ 170
EPIGASTRIC PAIN......................................................................................................................................................... 176
EPILEPSY........................................................................................................................................................................ 182
HEADACHE .................................................................................................................................................................... 190
HEART PALPITATIONS................................................................................................................................................ 203
HEMORRHOIDS............................................................................................................................................................. 208
HERPES ZOSTER ........................................................................................................................................................... 214
HICCUP ........................................................................................................................................................................... 220
HIV................................................................................................................................................................................... 226
HYPOCHONDRIAC PAIN ............................................................................................................................................. 234
IMPOTENCE ................................................................................................................................................................... 242
INSOMNIA ...................................................................................................................................................................... 248
LIN SYNDROME—STRANGURIA............................................................................................................................... 254
LOW BACK PAIN ........................................................................................................................................................... 262
PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS .................................................................................................................................. 270
MADNESS AND INSANITY .......................................................................................................................................... 276
MALARIA ....................................................................................................................................................................... 284
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS ................................................................................................................................................ 290
NECK PAIN ..................................................................................................................................................................... 298
OBESITY ......................................................................................................................................................................... 304
PROCTOPTOSIA—ANAL PROLAPSE......................................................................................................................... 312
SHOULDER PAIN........................................................................................................................................................... 318
STOP SMOKING............................................................................................................................................................. 324
SUMMER HEAT STROKE ............................................................................................................................................. 330
TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA ......................................................................................................................................... 336
URINE RETENTION....................................................................................................................................................... 342
URTICARIA .................................................................................................................................................................... 350
VOMITING...................................................................................................................................................................... 356
WEI SYNDROME—FLACCIDITY PARALYSIS SYNDROME.................................................................................. 364
WIND STROKE............................................................................................................................................................... 370
YU SYNDROME—EMOTIONAL DISORDER............................................................................................................. 378
XIII
CHAPTER II: E.E.N.T DISORDERS .............................................................................................................................. 384
ACNE ............................................................................................................................................................................... 384

ACUTE CONJUNCTIVITIS............................................................................................................................................ 390
APHONIA ........................................................................................................................................................................ 394
DEAFNESS...................................................................................................................................................................... 400
SINUSITIS ....................................................................................................................................................................... 406
SORE THROAT............................................................................................................................................................... 412
STY—HORDEOLUM ......................................................................................................................................................... 418
TINNITUS........................................................................................................................................................................ 422
CHAPTER III: O.B.G.Y.N DISORDERS ........................................................................................................................ 428
AMENORRHEA.............................................................................................................................................................. 428
DYSMENORRHEA......................................................................................................................................................... 434
ECLAMPSIA ................................................................................................................................................................... 440
HYPOGALACTIA........................................................................................................................................................... 444
INFERTILITY.................................................................................................................................................................. 448
LEUKORRHEA ............................................................................................................................................................... 454
MENOPAUSE.................................................................................................................................................................. 460
MENOXENIA—MENSTRUAL IRREGULARITIES .................................................................................................... 466
MORNING SICKNESS ................................................................................................................................................... 472
PREMENSTRUAL TENSION SYNDROME ................................................................................................................. 478
XIV
SECTION THREE
TECHNIQUE REFERENCE
CHAPTER I: TRADITIONAL NEEDLE TECHNIQUE ............................................................................................... 488
NEEDLE CONTROL: ACCIDENTS IN THE CLINIC .................................................................................................. 490

Fainting........................................................................................................................................................................ 490
Stuck Needle................................................................................................................................................................. 491
Broken Needle .............................................................................................................................................................. 491
Hematoma .................................................................................................................................................................... 492
Discomfort after treatment ........................................................................................................................................... 492
Injured Lung: Traumatic pneumothorax...................................................................................................................... 492
Injury of other organs .................................................................................................................................................. 493
Injured brain and spinal cord ...................................................................................................................................... 494
Injured Nerves.............................................................................................................................................................. 494
NEEDLE MANIPULATION TECHNIQUES ................................................................................................................. 496

Fundamental Needling Technique: Basic Manipulations ............................................................................................ 496
Fundamental Needling Technique: Supplemental Manipulation Methods .................................................................. 496
Reinforcing and Dispersion Technique........................................................................................................................ 499
Reinforcing and Dispersion Technique: Single style ................................................................................................... 500
Reinforcing and Dispersing Techniques: Combining methods .................................................................................... 501
Techniques for Opening the Flow of Channel Qi......................................................................................................... 504
ANCIENT NEEDLE TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS ........................................................................................ 506

Jiu Ci—The Nine Needle Techniques........................................................................................................................... 506
Shi Er Ci—The Twelve Needle Techniques.................................................................................................................. 511
Wu Ci—The 5 Needle Techniques................................................................................................................................ 516
CHAPTER II: MOXIBUSTION ....................................................................................................................................... 519
INDICATIONS ................................................................................................................................................................ 519

Reinforcing Yang Deficiency........................................................................................................................................ 519
Warming the Meridians in the Treatment of Bi Syndrome........................................................................................... 519
Yang Qi Collapse ......................................................................................................................................................... 519
Resolving Stagnation.................................................................................................................................................... 519
Protecting Health ......................................................................................................................................................... 519
APPLICATIONS OF MOXIBUSTION ........................................................................................................................... 520

Moxibustion with a Moxa Cone ................................................................................................................................... 520
Moxibustion with a Moxa Pole..................................................................................................................................... 521
Warming Needle Technique ......................................................................................................................................... 521
Prohibition of Moxibustion .......................................................................................................................................... 521
COMMON USES OF DIRECT NON-SCARRING MOXIBUSTION FOR SPECIFIC DISEASES ............................. 522
COMMON USE OF INDIRECT MOXIBUSTION FOR SPECIFIC DISEASES .......................................................... 526
XV
CHAPTER III: DISTRIBUTION OF AURICULAR POINTS & INDICATIONS...................................................... 529
SCAPHOID FOSSA......................................................................................................................................................... 529

Finger........................................................................................................................................................................... 529
Wrist............................................................................................................................................................................. 529
Elbow ........................................................................................................................................................................... 529
Shoulder ....................................................................................................................................................................... 529
Shoulder Joint .............................................................................................................................................................. 529
Clavicle ........................................................................................................................................................................ 529
UPPER CRUS OF ANTIHELIX ...................................................................................................................................... 529

Toe................................................................................................................................................................................ 529
Ankle ............................................................................................................................................................................ 529
Knee ............................................................................................................................................................................. 529
Buttock ......................................................................................................................................................................... 530
Ischium......................................................................................................................................................................... 530
Sympathetic .................................................................................................................................................................. 530
TRIANGULAR FOSSA................................................................................................................................................... 530

Shen Men...................................................................................................................................................................... 530
Uterus........................................................................................................................................................................... 530
ANTIHELIX .................................................................................................................................................................... 530

Abdomen ...................................................................................................................................................................... 530
Chest ............................................................................................................................................................................ 530
Neck.............................................................................................................................................................................. 530
Thoracic ....................................................................................................................................................................... 530
Lumbar Sacrum............................................................................................................................................................ 531
Thoracic Vertebra ........................................................................................................................................................ 531
Cervical Vertebra......................................................................................................................................................... 531
TRAGUS .......................................................................................................................................................................... 531

Nose.............................................................................................................................................................................. 531
Throat........................................................................................................................................................................... 531
Inner-nose .................................................................................................................................................................... 531
Upper Tip of Tragus..................................................................................................................................................... 531
Lower Tip of Tragus..................................................................................................................................................... 531
ANTITRAGUS ................................................................................................................................................................ 531

Calm the Asthma .......................................................................................................................................................... 531
Brain ............................................................................................................................................................................ 531
Brain Stem.................................................................................................................................................................... 531
Testicle ......................................................................................................................................................................... 532
Forehead ...................................................................................................................................................................... 532
Occiput......................................................................................................................................................................... 532
Temple.......................................................................................................................................................................... 532
Central Rim .................................................................................................................................................................. 532
AROUND THE CRUS OF HELIX................................................................................................................................... 532

Esophagus .................................................................................................................................................................... 532
Stomach........................................................................................................................................................................ 532
Duodenal...................................................................................................................................................................... 532
Small Intestine.............................................................................................................................................................. 532
Large Intestine ............................................................................................................................................................. 532
Appendix ...................................................................................................................................................................... 532
XVI
CYMBA CONCHA.......................................................................................................................................................... 533
Urinary Bladder........................................................................................................................................................... 533
Kidney .......................................................................................................................................................................... 533
Liver ............................................................................................................................................................................. 533
Spleen........................................................................................................................................................................... 533
Gallbladder (Pancreas) ............................................................................................................................................... 533
CAVUM CONCHA ......................................................................................................................................................... 533

Mouth ........................................................................................................................................................................... 533
Heart ............................................................................................................................................................................ 533
Lungs............................................................................................................................................................................ 533
Trachea ........................................................................................................................................................................ 533
Adrenal Gland.............................................................................................................................................................. 534
Sub Cortex.................................................................................................................................................................... 534
Endocrine..................................................................................................................................................................... 534
San Jiao........................................................................................................................................................................ 534
EAR LOBE....................................................................................................................................................................... 534

Eye 1............................................................................................................................................................................. 534
Eye 2............................................................................................................................................................................. 534
Eye................................................................................................................................................................................ 534
Toothache (1)(2) .......................................................................................................................................................... 534
Inner Ear...................................................................................................................................................................... 534
Tonsil............................................................................................................................................................................ 535
Upper Jaw, Lower Jaw, and Face Area....................................................................................................................... 535
BACK OF EAR ................................................................................................................................................................ 535

Reducing Blood Pressure ............................................................................................................................................. 535
Er Mi Geng................................................................................................................................................................... 535
Upper Ear Root............................................................................................................................................................ 535
CHAPTER IV: INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SCALP ACUPUNCTURE ............................................................ 537
TREATMENT ZONE DISTRIBUTION AND INDICATIONS........................................................................................................ 537

MS1. Middle line of the forehead ................................................................................................................................ 537
MS2. Lateral line 1 of the forehead.............................................................................................................................. 537
MS5. Middle line of the vertex ..................................................................................................................................... 537
MS6. Lateral line 1 of the vertex .................................................................................................................................. 538
MS7. Lateral line 2 of the vertex .................................................................................................................................. 538
MS8. Anterior oblique line from vertex to temple ........................................................................................................ 538
MS9. Posterior oblique line from vertex to temple....................................................................................................... 538
MS10. Oblique anterior line of the temple ................................................................................................................... 538
MS11. Oblique posterior line of the temple ................................................................................................................. 538
MS12. Upper-middle line of the occiput ...................................................................................................................... 539
MS13. Upper lateral line of the occiput ....................................................................................................................... 539
MS14. Lower lateral line of the occiput ....................................................................................................................... 539
XVII
APPENDIX 1....................................................................................................................................................................... 541
MERIDIAN ILLUSTRATIONS ............................................................................................................................................... 541

Lung ............................................................................................................................................................................. 541
Large Intestine ............................................................................................................................................................. 542
Stomach........................................................................................................................................................................ 543
Spleen........................................................................................................................................................................... 544
Heart ............................................................................................................................................................................ 545
Small Intestine.............................................................................................................................................................. 546
Bladder......................................................................................................................................................................... 547
Kidney .......................................................................................................................................................................... 548
Pericardium ................................................................................................................................................................. 549
Triple Warmer.............................................................................................................................................................. 550
Gall Bladder................................................................................................................................................................. 551
Liver ............................................................................................................................................................................. 552
Governing Vessel ......................................................................................................................................................... 553
Conception Vessel ........................................................................................................................................................ 554
APPENDIX 2....................................................................................................................................................................... 555
ILLUSTRATIONS FOR THE ADJUNCTIVE THERAPIES ........................................................................................................... 555

Scalp Acupuncture ....................................................................................................................................................... 555
Ear................................................................................................................................................................................ 556
Wrist and Ankle............................................................................................................................................................ 559
Hand............................................................................................................................................................................. 562
Foot .............................................................................................................................................................................. 563
Nose.............................................................................................................................................................................. 564
BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................................................................................................................................... 565
INDEX ................................................................................................................................................................................. 569
XVIII
SECTION I
A General Introduction to Chinese Acupuncture and Moxibustion
2
Treatment Effects of Acupuncture and Moxibustion
3
CHAPTER I: BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF ACUPUNCTURE & MOXIBUSTION
This section is a review of the basic knowledge of acupuncture—how acupuncture treatment works and
why the needles can cure disease. These are the interests of acupuncture scientists. Traditional Chinese Medicine
believes the effects of acupuncture are the result of balance, meaning that acupuncture treatment brings the
imbalanced body (a diseased body) back into balance. On the other hand, one may also say that acupuncture is a
self-adjusting process in which stimulating effective acupuncture points and arousing the function of meridians
brings the body back to health. This balanced function will be the main topic briefly outlined and reviewed in this
section.
TREATMENT EFFECTS OF ACUPUNCTURE AND MOXIBUSTION
Regulation of Yin and Yang

Regulation of Yin and Yang is one of the effects of acupuncture treatment. The reason for this is that
Traditional Chinese Medicine views disease as a disharmony between Yin and Yang, Qi and Blood, Ying and Wei,
Zang and Fu, related meridians, the upper and the lower sides of the body, etc. This disharmony could be caused
from any Exterior or Interior reason and can be restored after creating a new balance, thereby increasing the body’s
life force. Therefore, regulating the relative strengths of Yin and Yang, remedying defects, rectifying abuses, and
restoring the relative equilibrium of Yin and Yang are the principles underlying the clinical therapy of acupuncture.
Combining points and needle techniques in acupuncture is one of the fundamental concepts to regulate Yin
and Yang. For example, techniques to reinforce the Kidney Yin and subdue the Liver Yang are used to treat
headache caused by the Liver Yang rising with insufficient Kidney Yin. This treatment focuses on building up a new
equilibrium between the Kidney Yin and the Liver Yang. That is why points will be selected from the Kidney
meridian, with a reinforcing needle technique to reinforce the Yin, and from the Liver meridian, with a reducing
needle technique to subdue the Yang. Balancing Yin and Yang can help keep the body in a state of health, where
Excessive Yang and Deficiency of Yin causes an unbalance that may cause such symptoms as insomnia. On the
other hand, an Excess of Yin and Deficiency of Yang could lead to such symptoms as drowsiness. Selecting two
points, KI-6 of the Yin Qiao meridian and BL-62 of the Yang Qiao meridian, can treat both disharmonies. In the
case of insomnia, reinforce the Yin and reduce the Yang, and in the case of drowsiness, reduce the Yin and reinforce
the Yang.
Reinforcing Vital Qi and Eliminating Pathogens

Reinforcing the Vital Qi and eliminating pathogenic influences is another fundamental effect of acupuncture
treatment. When disease occurs, practitioners most frequently consider the cause, and find a technique to cure the
disease. Unfortunately, most of the time the cause and cure of the illness cannot be easily defined or determined. In
such cases Traditional Chinese Medical theory advises consideration of two strategies to cure an illness. One
strategy is to remove the reason causing the disease, for example, the pathogens. The other is to try to build up the
body’s True Qi. This is based on the theory in the Nei Jing which states: “When your body’s True Qi is normal, you
will not be sick; when you are sick your True Qi must first be weak.”
Reinforcing needle techniques and the application of moxibustion are effective in supporting Vital Qi.
Reducing needle techniques and bloodletting are usually used to eliminate pathogens. Many acupuncture points
have similar effects. For example, BL-43, CV-4, CV-6 and GV-4 support the Vital Qi, and Shi Xuan, GV-26, and
LI-4 usually eliminate pathogens.
To support the Vital Qi is to strengthen the body’s resistance. Since a victory or defeat in the struggle
between the Vital Qi and the pathogens determines the development or termination of a disease, one of the most
important principles underlying clinical therapy is to change the relative strengths of the Vital Qi and the pathogens.
In most cases, supporting the Vital Qi is indicated in Deficiency syndromes in order to restore its strength. In this
case, the Deficiency of the Vital Qi is the primary unbalance because the pathogens are no longer dominant or have
been declining. For example, in the case of a Deficiency of Qi, it is essential to restore the Qi; in the case of a
4
Treatment Effects of Acupuncture and Moxibustion
Deficiency of Yang, it is necessary to build up the Yang. In the case of a Deficiency of Yin, it is advisable to nourish
the Yin; in the case of a Deficiency of Blood, it is important to replenish the Blood.
Ridding the body of pathogenic factors is called eliminating pathogens. This can be achieved by the use of
reducing techniques for Excess syndromes. This is applicable to Excess syndromes in which the invasion by
pathogens is the primary factor of illness, and the Vital Qi has not yet begun to decline. However, the actual
therapeutic method employed for this purpose varies greatly, according to the different pathogens and the different
sites of their invasion. For example, in the case of an invasion of the upper part of the chest by pathogens
accompanied by an accumulation of abundant sputum and saliva, prolonged retention of food in the gastrointestinal
tract, or food poisoning, it is advisable to apply a reducing pathogen therapy. In the case of an invasion of the lower
part of the gastrointestinal tract by pathogenic Heat combined with waste products in the intestines, purging is
practiced; in the case of an Excess Heat syndrome and an Excess Fire syndrome, a clear the Heat and Fire technique
is applied. In the case of a Cold syndrome, it is advisable to eliminate the Cold pathogenic invasion by warming the
Middle-Warmer; in the case of a Damp syndrome, it is better to dispel Damp stagnation by promoting diuresis. In
addition, Phlegm must be resolved whenever it is found to exist and Blood Stasis removed whenever it is detected.
All these are typical examples of eliminating pathogens.
Dredging the Meridians (Ensuring Qi and Blood flow through the Meridians)
The functional activities of the meridians are overseen by “Meridian Qi,” which contains physiological
functions that may be summarized in the following way. The Meridian, a pathway of the Qi and Blood, circulates
around the body and connects all the Zang Fu. Each meridian has its own connected organ(s) relationship, which
increases the relationship between different organs, the organs, and the outside of the body. Connecting the exterior
parts includes the skin, muscle, bone and other tissues of the body, including the four extremities and the face. In
pathological conditions, any stagnation in this circulation will lead to disease, and this relationship will be broken
down. Sometimes, the disease could transfer from one part of the body or organ to another by the meridian system.
The Nei Jing states: “ Moving throughout causes no pain. Pain is due to the stagnation of the Meridian. The
Meridian circulates Qi and Blood to nourish the whole body, lays the inductive and conductive roles in pathological
and therapeutic courses, and regulates the functional activities of the Zang Fu.”
Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment is a therapy of needling certain points on the body and burning
moxa wool to move the Meridian Qi in order to restore and regulate the functions of the Zang Fu and circulate the
Qi and Blood of the body. On the basis of differentiation of syndromes, selection of points along the course of
meridians is a fundamental principle in moving stagnation in the meridians, along with the additional selection of
local points. Selection of points along the course of the meridians refers to the selection of points distal to the
affected meridian, or from the meridian pertaining the affected Zang or Fu. For instance, selection of SP-6 on the
Spleen meridian in the case of digestion disorder or selection of TW-5 and GB-34 in the case of ringing ear
demonstrates this principle.
5
TREATMENT PRINCIPLES OF ACUPUNCTURE AND MOXIBUSTION

The treatment principle is constructed after a correct diagnosis. In the “Jiu Zhen Shi Er Yuan” chapter of
the Nei Jing, it mentions the following basic principles of Acupuncture and Moxibustion treatment, which helps in
making the decision of how to treat any kind of disease.
“Reinforce Deficiency and Reduce Excess.”

(Deficiency refers to the body’s Vital Qi and Excess refers to the pathogenic influences.)
This principle focuses on the quality of the disease. The patient having Deficient conditions should be built
back to normal, not to Excess. For the patient with Excess conditions, reduction to normal must occur. The
normal is the rule for Reducing and Reinforcing.
The definition of reinforcing Deficiency is: when the patient’s body is insufficient or hypo-active, help
return it to normal by using a reinforcing needle technique, Moxibustion, or a selection of reinforcing points. For
example, for a patient with watery diarrhea caused by Kidney and Spleen Yang deficiency, select BL-23, GV-4, BL-
20 and CV-4 with a reinforcing needle technique and Moxibustion. This is called Reinforcing Deficiency.
The definition of reducing Excess is: when the patient’s body is Excessive or hyperactive, help return it to
normal by using a reducing needle technique along with a selection of reducing points. For example, for the patient
with a sty or painful sensation in the eye with difficulty in opening it, select the tip of ear and LI-1 and use a
bloodletting technique. This reduces the Excess Heat pathogenic infection and is called Reducing Excess.
“Clear Heat and Warm the Cold.”

This principle focuses on the nature of the disease. In the clinic, whenever a patient complains of cold or
heat inside or outside the body, use a clearing or warming technique for them.
This refers to a therapy of the Clearing technique for a Heat syndrome, and a Warming technique for a Cold
syndrome. Clinically, an excessive superficial or local Heat syndrome, such as some skin infections or Heat
stagnation in the eyes, nose or throat, is due to Excess Heat retention. If it is accompanied by constipation, reddish
urine or fever, it is called Interior Heat. They all can use the clear and reduce technique, which means applying a
bloodletting technique, or reducing needle technique for all those symptoms. But clinically, when we treat Interior
Deficiency Heat caused by a Yin or Blood Deficiency, a clearing technique is performed only as a supplemental
technique and should be combined with a reinforcing Yin and Blood technique.
For Cold symptoms as well as Heat, there is Exterior Cold, Interior Cold, and Deficient Cold. We can use
warming techniques to treat all kinds of Cold syndromes. Usually for Exterior superficial Cold, moxibustion is
recommended. For Interior Excess Cold, deep insertion and the prolonged retaining of the needle is used, along
with application of moxibustion to restore the Qi and dispel the Cold.
“Treat the Branch and the Root.”

These techniques focus on both the manifestations and the cause of the disease. During the process of the
treatment, the acupuncturist should focus on the disease and the reason that caused the disease as well.
The concept of the primary and the secondary symptoms are relative to each other with the involvement of
different diseases. For instance, the True Qi is the primary and the pathogenic factor is the secondary; the etiology is
the primary, and the manifestation in the clinic is the secondary; the original disease is the primary, while the
consequent disease is the secondary. This concept represents the two opposite aspects of one entity during the
course of a disease. The incidental is generally the phenomenon and the secondary aspect; the fundamental cause is
generally the nature and the primary aspect of a disease. Under general circumstances, the principle is to treat the
symptoms that the patient originally is concerned with when it is acute or emergent, and then to treat the
fundamental later when the course becomes stabilized. But if the secondary and the primary are both emergent, they
must be treated at the same time.
6
Treatment Principles of Acupuncture and Moxibustion
A disease should be assessed according to such different situations as the primary, the secondary, the root
cause, the symptoms, the acute and the chronic, so as to determine the principle of treatment. For example, when a
patient has constipation that is caused by Liver Qi stagnation, points helping defecation refer to branch treatment
and the point selection for resolving the stagnation of the Liver Qi is called the root therapy. For edema due to
insufficiency of True Qi or body energy weakness with a pathogenic factor still prevailing, select both points to
reinforce the body energy and to promote the circulation of blood in order to induce diuresis to alleviate the edema.
This is most commonly used in the clinic.
“Same disease—different therapeutic method. Different disease—same therapy.”

Diseases sometimes look like they are in the same stages, or may be manifesting themselves by the same
syndromes, but can be caused by different roots. Therefore, they may be treated with different therapeutic methods.
For instance, for Stomach pain, which is caused by the Liver Qi attacking, the treatment should be to soothe the
Liver and harmonize the Stomach, move the Qi and relieve the pain. Points will be selected from the Jue yin and
Yang Ming meridians with a reducing needle technique. When the Stomach pain is caused by a Deficiency of both
the Stomach and the Spleen, the treatment should be to reinforce the Spleen and Stomach, warm the Middle Jiao
and expel the Cold. The points will be selected from the foot Tai yin and foot Yang Ming meridians with a
reinforcing needle technique and moxibustion.
The same therapy can be employed to treat different diseases manifesting themselves similarly. For
example, both a prolapsed rectum due to a protracted illness and a uterine prolapse can be treated by elevating the
Spleen Qi, if the two ailments manifest themselves by a sinking of the Qi of the Middle Jiao.
“Local and Whole Body Therapy”

This principle of treatment focus is about treating even simple diseases.
This refers to a general view of the human body proper as an integrated whole and the looks at the inter-
relationship between man and nature. The human body is composed of a variety of tissues and organs, each
performing a particular function, which is itself a component part of the life activities of the whole body. The
human body is an integrated whole in that its constituent parts are inseparable in structure, connected with and
conditioned by one another in physiology and interacting with one another in pathology. Holistic therapy means
treating the diseases for the original reasons. For instance, for dizziness characterized by hyperactivity of the Liver
Yang due to Kidney Yin deficiency, with a failure of Water to nourish Wood, the treatment should be to nourish the
Kidney and harmonize the Liver, and not only to treat the head.
Local therapy refers to some acupuncture points used for local problems; this local treatment will help the
whole body. For example, ST-1 is used for eye problem and SI-18 is used for facial pain. They will help the whole
body as well.
7
CHAPTER II: PRINCIPLES OF DIAGNOSIS
BA GANG BIAN ZHENG: Differential Diagnosis—The 8 Principal Syndromes.

The Eight Principle diagnostic features are Exterior-Interior, Cold-Heat, Deficient-Excess, and Yin-Yang.
These methods of differential diagnosis are used to determine the nature and location of pathological changes. The
conflict between the body, the Vital Essence, and the pathogens are evaluated in terms of these Eight Principles.
This determination is based on a comprehensive analysis of the clinical evidence obtained by inspection,
auscultation, olfaction, interrogation, quality of pulse and palpation.
Differential Diagnosis of Interior or Exterior Syndrome

This method of differential diagnosis is used to determine the location of the pathogen and the probability
for the development of a disease (i.e. the potential for transformation). The main syndromes are listed below.
Exterior Syndrome
This refers to a syndrome caused by an attack of the superficial or Exterior of the body by the Six
Pathogenic Influences through the skin, hair, mouth or nose. It is sudden in onset, superficial (limited to
the Exterior), mild in nature, and short in duration without affecting the function of Zang Fu in most cases.
Interior Syndrome
In contrast to the Exterior syndrome, the Interior syndrome is characterized by pathological changes of the
internal organs. The Interior syndrome may be caused by pathogenic influences, which either enter from
outside of the body or transfer into the interior, or by their direct invasion of the Zang Fu. The Interior
syndrome may also be caused by some “internal influences”, such as emotional upset, improper diet or
psychological stress, which directly affect the function of the Zang Fu.
Invasion from the Exterior to the Interior

This refers to the invasion of pathogens from superficial aspects of the body to the deep, or the
replacement of an Exterior syndrome by an Interior one.
A patient with an Exterior syndrome may have such symptoms as fever and aversion to cold, and the
tongue may be normal with a white thin coating and a floating pulse. If the sensation of aversion to cold is
replaced by aversion to heat, then new symptoms may appear. These symptoms include thirst, scanty dark
urine, redness of the tongue with yellowish coating and rapid pulse, indicating that the disease has
manifested itself by an Interior Heat syndrome due to an invasion of pathogenic agents from the superficial
part of the body to the deep.
Invasion from the Interior to the Exterior of the body

This refers to the conditions in which the pathogenic factors are brought out from the Interior to the body’s
Exterior. For example, in the case of an Interior syndrome due to Interior Heat, at first there is the
appearance of restlessness, shortness of breath, cough and chest stuffiness. Then there is progression to
fever and sweating, the restlessness subsides or a rash develops. These symptoms indicate that the
pathogenic agent has been brought out to the surface and the Interior syndrome has subsided. This usually
results from proper and prompt treatment and appropriate nursing, which helps to build up the body’s
resistance. The transmission of pathogens from the Interior to the Exterior is indicative of the
convalescence of a disease in which the pathogens have been expelled, and the condition of the illness has
abated.
8
Differential Diagnosis
Mixed Syndrome of Exterior and Interior

This refers to the simultaneous appearance of features from both the Exterior syndrome and the Interior
syndrome in a patient. Evidence of both Exterior and Interior syndromes appears in the initial stage of an
illness. For example, when in late summer or in early autumn, there may appear symptoms characteristic of
Exterior syndrome, such as fever, aversion to cold, headache, and general aching sensation on the body. In
addition, symptoms characteristic of Interior syndrome, such as epigastric stuffiness, anorexia, diarrhea,
thick whitish coating of the tongue, etc. may also be present. This is due to an invasion by External
pathogenic Cold and Internal pathogenic Dampness.
Differential Diagnosis of Cold and Heat Syndromes

This refers to the method of differentiating the nature of a disease. It is identical with the differentiation of
Excess and Deficiency of Yin and Yang, because Cold and Heat are the manifestations of Excess and Deficiency of
Yin and Yang in the body. The main syndromes are:
Cold Syndrome
This syndrome can be caused by an invasion of a Cold Pathogenic Influence, also known as Excessive Cold.
Another form of Cold syndrome is Interior Deficiency Cold, in which the client always feels cold internally.
This is due to insufficiency of Yang and excess of Yin. Clinical manifestations of a Cold syndrome are:
aversion to cold, seeking or desire for warmth, no thirst, pale complexion, huddling up when cold, copious
clear urine, loose stools, pale tongue with whitish coating, and a tense or slow pulse.
Heat Syndrome
This is a syndrome caused by invasion of pathogenic Heat or hyperactivity of the body due to a Deficiency
of Yin and Excess of Yang. Clinical manifestations are fever, aversion to heat and preference for cold,
thirst with a preference for cold drinks, flushed face, congested eyes, fidgeting, scanty dark urine,
constipation, reddened tongue with dry brownish coating and a rapid pulse.
Simultaneous Occurrence of Cold and Heat Syndromes

This means that a Cold syndrome is intertwined with a Heat syndrome in the same patient.
This may appear as an Organ disorder, characterized by a Heat syndrome in the upper part with a Cold
syndrome in the lower part of the body, or it may appear in the organs themselves.
In the case of simultaneous occurrence of an Exterior and Interior syndrome, it is marked by a Heat
syndrome in the Exterior with Cold syndrome in the Interior, or vice versa.
Transformation of a Cold Syndrome and a Heat Syndrome

This refers to a change in the nature of a disease. There is a transfer from a Cold syndrome to a Heat
syndrome. For example, when a Cold Pathogenic Influence invades the body, we can see such symptoms as
fever, aversion to cold, no sweat, headache, general aching, thin white coating of the tongue, tight floating
pulse, etc. Later, owing to further development of the pathological changes, the aversion to cold disappears
but the fever does not abate, and an aversion to heat rather than cold occurs. Moreover, other symptoms
progressively appear such as irritability, thirst and yellowish coating of the tongue, indicating that the
Exterior Cold syndrome has transformed into an Interior Heat syndrome. On the other hand, a disease can
initially manifest as a Heat syndrome followed later by a Cold syndrome. This transformation of a Heat
syndrome into a Cold syndrome is seen in the case of a patient with high fever due to delayed treatment or
misdiagnosis. The patient may be overcome by the pathogenic factor, which damages the Vital Qi and
suddenly develops such symptoms as cold limbs, profuse cold sweat, restlessness, and a faint indistinct
pulse. This is also called collapse of Yang.
9
Heat Syndrome with Pseudo-Cold Symptoms

In this syndrome, the disease has a Heat syndrome nature but also presents with some Cold symptoms, such
as cold limbs, deep pulse, etc. It is different from a Cold syndrome in that the patient’s body is warm in
spite of cold limbs, and has an aversion to heat instead of cold, and his pulse is deep, but also rapid and
forceful. The patient may also have the following symptoms: excessive thirst, preference for cold drinks,
dry throat, foul breath, delirium, scanty dark urine, dry stool or dysentery of the Heat type with rectal
tenesmus, and a dark reddish tongue with a dry yellowish coating. In this case, the cold limbs and deep
pulse are considered “false appearances,” because the Interior Heat is the essence of the disease. This
condition is attributable to Excessive Heat inside the body, which keeps Yin superficial. This is what is
known as " Yin kept Externally by Excessive Yang in the Interior".
Cold Syndrome with Pseudo-Heat Symptoms

In this case, the disease is Cold in nature, but exhibits some Heat symptoms, such as fever, flushed face,
thirst, and a large pulse. It differs from a Heat syndrome in that the patient runs a fever, but has a desire for
being covered up, feels thirsty, but prefers hot drinks, and the pulse is large but weak. There can be
symptoms of a Cold nature observed, such as cold limbs, clear urine, loose stool, and pink tongue with a
whitish coating. This syndrome’s cause is an Excessive Yin Cold inside the body, which keeps the Yang
External. This is what is called "Yang kept Externally by Excessive Yin in the Interior".
Differential Diagnosis of Deficiency and Excess Syndrome

This is a method used to determine the strength of the Vital Qi of the body and the virulence of pathogenic
factors.
Deficiency Syndrome
This syndrome manifests by a Deficiency of Vital Qi.
An individual may be born with a Deficiency of Vital Qi. More commonly a Deficiency of Vital Qi is due
to a lack of proper living, excess, or imbalance in one’s life. For example, improper diet may lead to
weakness of the body’s constitution; emotional upset may impair the Qi and Blood of the Zang Fu; sexual
indulgence may consume the Kidney Qi; and prolonged illness may impair the Vital Qi. All these factors
may result in various Deficiency syndromes, which include insufficiency and impairment of Yin, Yang, Qi,
Blood, Essence of life, body fluid, and the Zang Fu. Clinical manifestations are: pale or yellowish
complexion, restlessness, emaciation, fatigue and weakness, disinclination to talk, palpitation, shortness of
breath, lassitude in loins and knees, spontaneous perspiration, night sweat, incontinence of stool and urine,
pain relieved by pressing, pink tongue with little or not coating, and feeble or weak pulse.
Excess Syndrome
This syndrome is manifested by exuberant pathogens. It may result from an excess of pathogens with the
Vital Qi not in decline; this condition leads to an intense struggle within the body between these two forces.
The main manifestations of Excess syndrome are: strong physical constitution, high fever, agitation, loud
voice, abdominal distension, pain and tenderness, constipation, hot burning sensation in urine, rough pale
tongue with thick and greasy coating, replete and forceful pulse.
Deficiency Syndrome complicated with Excess Syndrome

This refers to the simultaneous occurrence of a Deficiency syndrome and an Excess syndrome in the same
patient at the same time. For example, if a Deficiency syndrome is dominant, and is complicated with
Excess symptoms, a patient may exhibit Blood-Deficient insomnia, with a headache in the back of the head,
which is caused by a stiff neck.
In the case where an Excess syndrome is predominant, but accompanied by Deficiency symptoms, a patient
may suffer from a Cold Pathogenic Influence, with headache, body aches and cough, meanwhile also
displaying symptoms of Spleen Deficiency, such as feeling tired, loose stools and bloated abdomen.
10
Differential Diagnosis
Transformation of Excess Syndrome to Deficiency Syndrome

An Excess syndrome characterizes the disease in its initial stage. However, due to delayed treatment or
misdiagnosis, it evolves into a Deficiency syndrome as a result of a decline of the pathogen and the
impairment of Vital Qi due to the protracted course of disease. For example, a patient develops acute
diarrhea and is not properly treated or is misdiagnosed. After a few months, it transfers to a Deficiency
syndrome, i.e. chronic diarrhea. This is what is known as the transformation of Excess syndrome to
Deficiency syndrome.
Transformation of Deficiency Syndrome to Excess Syndrome

In this syndrome a Deficiency syndrome characterizes the disease in its early stage. Due to insufficiency of
Vital Qi, substantial pathogens gradually accumulate inside the body and give rise to some Excess
symptoms. For example, Qi Deficiency in the elderly may cause exhaustion of body fluid and dryness of
the intestine. This may then lead to an Excess syndrome manifested by constipation. This is known as
Excess syndrome due to Deficiency syndrome.
Excess Syndrome with Pseudo-deficiency Symptoms

This is a syndrome of Excess type characterized by the accumulation of pathogens, but accompanied by
symptoms similar to a Deficiency syndrome. It is also known as "appearance of Deficiency in extreme
Excess". For example, the accumulation of Heat or retention of Phlegm and food in the Stomach and
Intestines may lead to blockage of movement of Stomach and Intestinal Qi. This is accompanied with
symptoms such as lassitude, chilliness and cold limbs, and slow deep hidden pulse. Upon careful
examination, other symptoms may be found such as loud voice, rough breathing, deep and slow or hidden
but strong pulse, indicating that accumulation of pathogens in the interior as the real essence of disease,
while symptoms resembling a Deficiency syndrome are merely false phenomena.
Deficiency Syndrome with Pseudo-excess Symptoms

This is a syndrome of Deficiency, but accompanied by symptoms similar to an Excess syndrome. It is also
called “False Excess symptoms in extreme Deficiency".
For example, dysfunction of Zang Fu in digesting and transporting nutrients due to insufficiency of Qi and
Blood may produce symptoms similar to an Excess syndrome, such as abdominal fullness, distension and
pain, wiry pulse, etc. However, upon careful examination it may be found that the abdominal distension is
slight, not severe. Moreover it is not persistent and can be relieved by pressure, and that the patient's pulse
is wiry and weak indicating that an insufficiency of Qi and Blood of Zang Fu is the real essence of disease.
Once again the symptoms similar to an Excess syndrome are but false phenomena.
Complicated Syndromes
Exterior Syndrome of Excess type: This syndrome results in a tight sensation of the skin and muscles due to
invasion of the superficies by a Pathogenic Influence. This manifests as dry skin, no sweat, fever, aversion
to cold, headache, body aching, stuffy nose, and a tense floating pulse.
Exterior Syndrome of Deficiency type: This syndrome is also called “Disharmony of Ying and Wei Qi.” Its
clinical manifestations are spontaneous sweating, fever, aversion to wind, sweating, and a slow floating
pulse.
Cold Syndrome of Deficiency type: This syndrome is caused by a Yang Qi deficiency. It is manifested by
lassitude, pale complexion, aversion to cold and cold limbs, abdominal pain, which is relieved by warmth
and pressure, loose stool, frequent clear urine, shortness of breath and weakness, pale tongue, feeble or
deep, slow and weak pulse, etc.
Cold Syndrome of Excess type: This syndrome is due to Excessive Yin-Cold inside the body, and stagnation of
Yang Qi. This syndrome results from excessive intake of cold or raw food, or direct invasion of the Interior
by a Cold Pathogenic Influence. It manifests as aversion to cold and cold limbs, epigastric chilliness and
pain, abdominal pain and tenderness, vomiting of watery fluid, borborygmus, chronic diarrhea, cough with
profuse thin and whitish sputum, asthma, whitish slippery coating of the tongue, and slow or tense pulse.
11
Differential Diagnosis of Yin and Yang

Differential Diagnosis of Yin and Yang is a general guiding principle underlying all Differential Diagnosis by
the Eight Principles. The principles of Yin and Yang govern the other six principles. At times when there is no
clear pattern for diagnosis, one can simplify their approach to the patient by applying the differential diagnosis of
Yin and Yang.
12
Zang Fu and Meridian Diagnosis Techniques
13
ZANG FU AND MERIDIAN DIAGNOSIS TECHNIQUES
LUNG AND LARGE INTESTINE
LUNG
The Lung meridian originates in the Middle Warmer and travels downwards, connecting with the Large
Intestine. It corresponds to metal, according to the Five-Element theory and its specific emotion is sadness. It
nourishes the skin, opens into the nose and manifests outwardly on the skin. The Lung and Large Intestine are
Exteriorly-Interiorly related meridians. The main pathological dysfunction of the Lung involves failing in its
ascending and descending function. This manifests as a full sensation in the lungs, shortness of breath, and rebellion
of the Qi accompanied by cough or asthma.
Qi stagnation and Deficiency are main syndromes of the Lung and are associated with Lung organ
conditions such as cough, asthma, phlegm, and dysfunction of water metabolism, nasal congestion and dry skin.
LUNG SYNDROMES AND TREATMENT

Cough, asthma, chest pain, loss of voice, nose, and skin problems are the main symptoms of the Lung.
DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
Insufficient Lung Yin
Main symptoms: Dry cough with little or no phlegm, Yin Deficiency and Interior Heat.
Clinical manifestations: Deficiency symptoms of the Lung Yin, such as a dry cough with no sputum, flushed cheeks,
night sweats, dysphoria with a feverish sensation in the chest, palms and soles, bloodstained sputum (resulting from
damage of pulmonary vessels by Deficient Fire), a red tongue with little or no coating and a thin or thread-like pulse.
This syndrome is usually due to chronic Lung disease with impairment of the Lung Yin, resulting in insufficiency of
the body fluid, or impairment of the Yin fluids in the late stage of a febrile disease.
Palpation points: LU-5 and LU-10.
Prescription: LU-10, LU-9, KI-3, and BL-13 with a reinforcing needle technique or even movement technique.
Moxibustion is contraindicated.
Insufficient Lung Qi
Main symptoms: Weak cough, hypo-function of the lungs, and shortness of breath.
Clinical manifestations: Cough with dyspnea, shortness of breath aggravated by slight exertion, clear thin sputum, low
and weak voice, pale complexion, lassitude, spontaneous perspiration, aversion to wind, susceptibility to cold due to
exogenous pathogens, a pale tongue with a whitish coating, and a weak pulse.
Hypo-function of the lungs is usually due to a chronic illness and weak cough or insufficiency of Qi.
Palpation points: LU-1, LU-2, LU-4, and LU-8.
Prescription: LU-9, LU-10, BL-13, BL-20, and CV-17.
The points are mainly selected from the Hand Tai Yin meridian and the Foot Tai Yang meridian, including the
Back-Shu, using a reinforcing needle technique and moxibustion.
14
EXCESS SYNDROMES
Wind Cold attacking the Lung
Clinically it manifests by a series of symptoms of the Lung’s failure in ascending and descending, such as fever,
aversion to cold, headache and body ache, runny nose with no sweating and cough with thin phlegm. The pulse is
tight and floating and the tongue is pale with a thin white coating.
Prescription: LU-7, LU-9, LU-5, LI-4, LI-11, and BL-13 with a reducing needle technique or moxibustion.
Heat stagnated in the Lung and the Lung fails in ascending and descending
Clinical manifestations are dyspnea, cough with thick yellowish sputum, high fever, thirst, irritability, flaring of the
nostrils, chest pain, blood-streaked and pus-stained sputum with a strong smell, constipation, scanty dark urine,
reddish tongue with yellowish coating, and slippery fast pulse.
Prescription: LU-11, LU-5, LI-4, ST-40, and BL-13 with a reducing needle technique.
A Blood letting technique is used on LU-5 and LU-11.
Damp and Phlegm stagnated in the Lung

Clinical manifestations are a cough with copious thin and white sputum, which is easily expectorated, a feeling of
oppression in the chest, dyspnea, laryngeal rale, pale tongue with a white greasy coating and a taut and slippery or
weak and floating pulse.
Palpation point: LU-5 and SP-6.
Prescription: LU-11, LU-5, LU-6, SP-4, ST-40, and BL-13 with an even-movement needle technique and moxibustion.
LUNG MERIDIAN SYNDROMES AND TREATMENT
Wind-Cold-Damp stagnated in the meridian

The Wind, Cold and Damp combine together and invade the Lung meridian, which cause Qi and Blood stagnation.
Clinically, the patient feels pain on the anterior shoulder and index finger, which is hard to move as well.
Palpation point: LU-8.
Prescription: LU-10, LU-1, LU-3 and LI-5.
Select the points mainly from the Lung meridian and local Ah Shi points using a reducing needle technique and
moxibustion.
Heat stagnated in the meridian

The main clinical manifestations are a swollen and sore throat with a heat sensation in the palms.
Palpation point: LU-9 and LU-10.
Prescription: LU-11, LI-1, LI-4, LU-5 and tip of ear.
Apply a bloodletting technique on LU-11, LI-1 and the tip of the ear, and use a reducing needle technique for LI-4
and LU-5.
15
LARGE INTESTINE
Exteriorly-Interiorly related with the Lung due to the interconnection between their channels, bowel
movement and body liquid problems are the main symptoms of the Large Intestine. Manifestations include
constipation, diarrhea, fever, dry skin, and borborygmus, abdominal pain, or appendicitis.
LARGE INTESTINE SYNDROMES AND TREATMENT
Cold Syndrome
Usually due to an excess consumption of cold food, drink, or Cold Pathogenic Influence infecting directly, causing
abnormal transportation of fluids. The main symptoms are abdominal pain, watery diarrhea with borborygmus,
associated with a fever and aversion to cold, or an achy and tender sensation in the body. The tongue is pale with a
white greasy coating and the pulse is deep and slow.
Palpation points: LI-4 and LI-6.
Prescription: ST-25, ST-37, LI-11, BL-25 and CV-4 with a reinforcing needle technique and moxibustion.
Heat Syndrome
Due to a Heat Pathogenic Influence, the main symptoms are a burning and painful sensation in the anus, severe
diarrhea with blood and pus, urgent abdominal pain, and scanty or reddish urine. In some severe cases, the patient
may have some symptoms similar to appendicitis. The tongue is red with a yellow, greasy coating and the pulse is
wiry and slippery.
Prescription: ST-25, Lan Wei Xue, ST-37, CV-4, PC-6, LI-11 and LI-4 with a reducing needle technique.
Deficiency Syndrome
Usually caused by other Deficiency problems, such as Spleen Qi Deficiency, Kidney Deficiency, weakness of the
Ming Men Fire, or other long-term or chronic diseases. The main symptoms are loose stool or watery diarrhea, anal
prolapse, poor appetite, diarrhea in the morning, cold sensation in the whole body and sallow complexion. The
tongue is pale with a white, wet coating and the pulse is thin and deep.
Prescription: GV-20, GV-1, LI-11, BL-23, CV-4, CV-12 and ST-36 with a reinforcing needle technique and
moxibustion on GV-20 and CV-4
Excess Syndrome
A syndrome of stagnated or undigested food in the Large Intestine. The main symptoms are fullness and bloating in
the whole abdominal region, pain made worse with pressure, constipation, tenesmus and acid regurgitation. The
tongue is red with a thick greasy coating, and the pulse is fast and slippery, or strong and slippery.
Palpation points: BL-24 and ST-37.
Prescription: LI-2, ST-37, BL-25 and ST-25 with a reducing needle technique.
16
LARGE INTESTINE MERIDIAN SYNDROMES AND TREATMENT
Wind-Cold-Damp Pathogenic Influence stagnated in the meridian

A painful sensation on the anterior shoulder is the main symptom, accompanied by pain and dysfunction of the
index finger.
Palpation point: LI-3 and LI-8.
Prescription: LI-4, LU-7, LI-5 and LI-11 with a reducing needle technique. Or, use direct non-scarring moxibustion
on LI-5 and LI-11.
Heat invading the meridian

The main symptoms are toothache, swollen neck, halitosis, nasal hemorrhage, and stuffy nose with discharge, sore
throat and dry mouth. The tongue is red with a yellow coating and the pulse is fast and slippery.
Palpation point: LI-11 and LI-14.
Prescription: LI-3, LU-10 and ST-44 with a reducing needle technique or bloodletting technique.
SPLEEN AND STOMACH
SPLEEN
The Spleen controls and dominates transportation and transformation, sends nutrients up and produces and
sends the Blood flowing in the vessels. An important organ in the digestive system, it opens into the mouth and
manifests on the lips. The Spleen corresponds to Earth according to the Five Elements, and its specific emotion is
anxiety. It is also associated with saliva secretion, and nourishes the muscles and limbs. In addition, the Spleen and
Stomach are Exteriorly-Interiorly related meridians.
When the Spleen fails in transportation and transformation, the main symptoms are bloating with a full
sensation in the abdomen, stagnation of food, loose stool with borborygmus, a heavy sensation in the whole body
and head, edema, Phlegm in the Sinew meridian, transferring to the Lungs. When the Spleen fails in nourishing the
muscles and limbs, the main symptom is myoatrophy of the body and limbs. When the Spleen fails in controlling
Blood circulation within the vessels, the main symptom is bleeding during bowel movements or metrorrhagia.
SPLEEN SYNDROMES & TREATMENT
Spleen Deficiency
Commonly due to both Spleen Qi and Yang deficiency, with the Spleen failing in transportation and transformation.
Clinical manifestations are a sallow complexion, shortness of breath, weak voice, poor appetite, weak sensation in
the limbs, bloated abdomen with loose stool and possible coldness in the four extremities or edema in the feet. The
tongue is pale with a white coating, and the pulse is deep and weak, or floating and weak.
Palpation points: SP-6, SP-8, SP-21 and SP-18.
Prescription: SP-2, BL-20, LV-13, SP-3 and ST-36 with a reinforcing needle technique and moxibustion.
17
Spleen Excess
This is usually caused by stagnation due to Dampness. The main symptoms are bloating in the abdomen that is
worse with pressure, a sallow complexion, yellow reddish urine, constipation, sighing, belching and a poor appetite.
The tongue is swollen with a thick greasy coating and the pulse is deep and tight.
Palpation points: SP-9 and SP-4.
Prescription: SP-4, BL-20, LV-13 and CV-12 with a reducing needle technique.
Spleen Cold
This syndrome is usually due to Spleen Yang and/or Kidney Yang Deficiency. Water retention is the main symptom
with associated signs of bloating, borborygmus, poor appetite, loose stool, a cold sensation in the whole body and
four extremities and copious clear frequent urine. The tongue is pale with a white coating and the pulse is deep and
slow.
Palpation points: SP-3, KI-3, and ST-29.
Prescription: SP-2, BL-20, ST-36, CV-12 and CV-6 with a reinforcing needle technique and moxibustion.
Spleen Heat
When Heat and Damp Pathogenic Influences invade the Spleen, a Spleen Heat syndrome can occur. The main
symptoms are discomfort in the abdomen, heaviness and pain in the head and body, a poor appetite, constipation, a
dry mouth with a refusal to drink and a sweet taste in the mouth. The tongue is red with a yellow, thick, greasy
coating and the pulse is weak, floating and fast.
Palpation points: SP-8, SP-10, and LI-10.
Prescription: SP-4, BL-20, BL-21, SP-4 and LV-13 with a reducing needle technique.
SPLEEN MERIDIAN SYNDROMES AND TREATMENT

The main symptoms are painful and swollen sensations on the inside of the leg and thigh and painful feet with a big
toe that is sore and hard to move.
Prescription: SP-9, SP-3, SP-1 and KI-1 with a reducing needle technique and moxibustion to expel the pathogen.
Heat Pathogenic Influence stagnated in the Spleen meridian and rising up

The main symptoms are stiffness of the tongue, sore throat, epigastric pain, and a heavy sensation in the body,
belching, loose stool or jaundice.
Prescription: HT-6, SP-4, ST-44, CV-12 and SP-6 with a reducing and even movement needle technique.
18
STOMACH
The Stomach likes wetness and hates dryness. It is Exteriorly-Interiorly related to the Spleen due to an
interconnection between their meridians. In terms of pathological condition, the main symptoms are related to an
upward rebellion of the Qi instead of its normal descent.
STOMACH SYNDROMES & TREATMENT
Stomach-Cold
This syndrome occurs when Cold Pathogenic Influences invade the Stomach, due to exposure of the abdomen to
Cold, excessive intake of raw or cold food, or an improper mode of living. Clinical manifestations are cold pains in
the epigastrium and abdomen, which are relieved by warmth and aggravated by cold, tastelessness in the mouth, and
absence of thirst accompanied by borborygmus. The tongue is pale with a greasy coating and the pulse is slow and
wiry. In the case of repeated and protracted attacks of the disorder with resultant damage of the Yang Qi, such
symptoms as lassitude, restlessness and cold limbs, with desire for warmth, are likely to ensue.
Palpation points: ST-36, CV-12, and ST-43.
Prescription: ST-36, ST-41, CV-12, BL-21 and PC-6 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique followed
by adding moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 5-7 cones.
Stomach-Heat
This syndrome is usually due to a Heat Pathogenic Influence invading the Stomach, an excessive intake of hot, spicy,
fatty and sweet food, stagnation of the Qi, or emotional depression. Clinical manifestations are burning pain in the
epigastrium, gastric discomfort with acid regurgitation, thirst with desire for cold drinks, halitosis, vomiting
immediately after meals, inflamed, ulcerated or bleeding gums, constipation and scanty dark urine. The tongue is red
with a yellow coating and the pulse is slippery and rapid.
Palpation points: CV-14, ST-36, and SP-7.
Prescription: ST-36, ST-45, CV-12, LI-4 and LI-11 with a reducing needle technique.
Stomach Yin Deficiency

Damage of the Stomach Yin usually occurs due to prolonged febrile disease, or impairment of Stomach Yin by
excessive intake of pungent food. Clinical manifestations are dull pain of the epigastrium, hunger with a
disinclination to eat, belching, hiccups, dry mouth and throat, and constipation. The tongue is red without a coating
and the pulse is thread-like and rapid.
Palpation points: KI-3, ST-43, ST-40, and CV-12.
Prescription: ST-36, BL-21, CV-12 and BL-23 with a reinforcing needle technique.
Retention of Undigested Food in the Stomach

This is usually due to indigestion or allergic food and drink intake. Its clinical manifestations include epigastric
distention and stuffiness or pain, belching with a foul taste and smell, vomiting acidic and rotten food with
distention, and pain relieved after vomiting, flatulence and loose stool with acidic, rotten and foul smells. The
tongue is red with a thick, greasy coating and the pulse is slippery.
Palpation points: LI-11, LI-4, and ST-34.
Prescription: ST-36, ST-45, ST-40 and SP-3 with a twisting reducing needle technique.
19
STOMACH MERIDIAN SYNDROMES AND TREATMENT
Wind-Cold-Damp Pathogenic Influence invading the meridian

Clinical manifestations are pain and swelling in the knee, pain and distention in the breast, thigh, leg and dorsum of
the feet, middle toe pain with difficult usage, a cold sensation in the whole body that is aggravated by cold, windy or
damp weather. The pulse is deep and slow and the tongue is pale with a white coating.
Palpation points: ST-42, ST-40, and ST-25.
Prescription: ST-36, ST-44, ST-42 and LI-11 with a reducing needle technique and moxibustion.
Heat Pathogenic Influence stagnated in the meridian and rising up along the meridian
Clinical manifestations are hot sensations throughout the whole body, sweating, thirst, dry mouth, swollen and sore
throat and neck, toothache and swollen gums. The tongue is red with a yellow coating and the pulse is big and
flooding.
Palpation points: ST-34, ST-28, ST-41, and ST-8.
Prescription: HT-6, SP-5, LI-4, LI-11, and ST-44 with a reducing needle technique.
Fire Pathogenic Influence stagnated in the Yang Ming meridian, bothering the Shen House.
The main symptoms are mental disorders of a hot and excess nature.
Palpation points: ST-5, ST-7, ST-38, and HT-5.
Prescription: GV-14, PC-8, PC-5, GV-16, LI-4, and ST-44 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
HEART AND SMALL INTESTINE
HEART
The Heart governs the vessels, blood circulation, controls mental activities, and houses the mind. It is
equivalent to "Fire" in the Five Elements and is thought to typify a Yang organ amongst the five Zang organs by
performing the function of coordinating the life activities of the whole body. It has its body opening in the tongue
and outwardly manifests on the face. Its particular emotion is joy, and its associated secretion is sweat. The Heart
and the Small Intestine are Exteriorly-Interiorly related because of interconnection of the Heart Meridian of Hand
Shao Yin and the Small Intestine Meridian of Hand Tai Yang.
HEART SYNDROMES & TREATMENT
Insufficient Heart Qi
Clinical manifestations are heart palpitations, shortness of breath that is aggravated by activity, spontaneous
sweating, a pale complexion and lassitude. The tongue is pale with a white thin coating and the pulse is weak or
drop beat.
Palpation point: CV-14, BL-14, and HT-2.
Prescription: HT-7, PC-6, LU-9, CV-6, ST-36, BL-15 and BL-14 with moxibustion
20
Insufficient Heart Yang

Clinical manifestations are heart palpitations, shortness of breath that is aggravated by activity, spontaneous
sweating, a cold sensation inside the body and four extremities, a stuffy and painful sensation in the chest and a dark
or gray complexion. The tongue is swollen and pale purple and the pulse is weak and deep or drop beat.
Palpation points: HT-3, HT-7, and BL-15.
Prescription: HT-7, BL-15, CV-15, CV-4, LU-9 and HT-9 with moxibustion
Insufficient Heart Blood

Clinical manifestations are heart palpitations and angina, restlessness, insomnia, poor memory, being easily
frightened, a sallow or pale complexion, blurry vision and pale lips and nails. The tongue is pale with a thin white
coat, and the pulse is thin and fast.
Palpation points: CV-14, HT-3, and HT-7.
Prescription: PC-6, HT-7, SP-4, ST-36, BL-15, BL-17 and BL-20 with moxibustion
Insufficient Heart Yin

Clinical manifestations are heart palpitations, restlessness, insomnia, a poor memory accompanied by nightmares and
more dreams, a low-grade fever, night sweats, five-heart heat and a dry mouth and throat. The tongue is red without
a coating and the pulse is thin and fast.
Palpation points: BL-15, CV-14, and HT-6.
Prescription: PC-6, HT-9, LU-10, KI-3, BL-15 and GV-4 with a reinforcing needle technique.
EXCESS SYNDROMES
Heart Fire flaming up
Due to stagnation of interior emotions, which flare upward to bother the Heart "Shen" and burn the tongue, or goes
downward and transfers to the Small Intestine, causing red, scanty urine associated with a dry mouth, restlessness
and poor sleep. The tongue is red with a yellow coating, and the pulse is fast.
Palpation points: HT-7, HT-3, and CV-19.
Prescription: HT-5, HT-7, LU-10, BL-15 and SI-4 with a reducing needle technique.
Mental confusion due to Phlegm

This refers to an impairment of consciousness caused by invasion of the Heart by phlegm, usually resulting from the
production of phlegm due to emotional upset, stagnation of Qi or coagulation of pathogenic Dampness in the
Heart. It manifests as mental depression, apathy, improper behavior, sudden falling down with loss of
consciousness or laryngeal rale. The tongue is red with a yellow greasy coating, and the pulse is slippery and fast.
Palpitation points: CV-13, CV-15, HT-5, and HT-2.
Prescription: 12 Jing (well) points, HT-7, HT-6, BL-17, GV-14, LI-4 and ST-36 with bloodletting and a reducing
needle techniques.
21
Heart Blood Stagnation

This syndrome is a morbid condition due to an obstruction of the collateral meridian of the Heart, resulting from
insufficiency of the Heart-Qi, Heart-Yang, or coagulation of phlegm obstructing the collateral meridian. It manifests
as palpitations, an intermittent choking sensation or stabbing pain in the chest, dragging pain over the shoulder, back
and arm, a dark purplish tongue possibly with petechiae and ecchymoses and a small, hesitant pulse or slow, weak
pulse with irregular intervals. In severe cases, there may occur a sudden attack of intolerable pain, cyanosis of the
mouth, lips and nails, cold limbs, coma and a faint, indistinct pulse.
Palpation points: SP-10, BL-15, BL-43, and HT-3.
Prescription: BL-15, PC-5, PC-7, CV-15, BL-17, HT-7 and PC-6 with a reducing needle techniques.
HEART MERIDIAN SYMDROMES AND TREATMENT

This is a Heart meridian problem due to the stagnation of Wind, Cold and Damp Pathogenic Influence, manifesting
as shoulder and upper back pain, which is related to the inside of the arm along the pathway of the Heart meridian.
Palpation points: Little finger, HT-1, and HT-3.
Prescription: BL-15, HT-7, LU-9, PC-6, and PC-7 with a reducing needle technique and moxibustion.
Heat Pathogenic Influence stagnated in the meridian

This is an infection due to Heat Pathogenic Influence in the Heart meridian manifesting as a dry mouth, dry throat,
yellowish eyes and ulcers in the mouth and on the tongue.
Palpation points: HT-6, SI-7, and SI-13.
Prescription: HT-3, HT-7, PC-7, SI-4 and SI-8 with a reducing needle technique and bloodletting.
SMALL INTESTINE
SMALL INTESTINE SYNDROMES AND TREATMENT
Small Intestine Cold

A syndrome of stagnation due to a Cold Pathogenic Influence in the Small Intestine, manifesting as a painful and
bloated sensation in the abdominal region, borborygmus, diarrhea, reduced by pressure and warmth and associated
with scanty urination. The tongue is pale with a thin white coating, and the pulse is deep and slow.
Palpation points: SI-8, SI-10, and SI-4.
Prescription: SI-3, ST-37, CV-4, BL-28 and ST-36 with a reinforcing needle technique and moxibustion.
22
Small Intestine Heat

The clinical manifestations are a painful, hot and burning sensation during urination, bloody urine in some severe
cases, restlessness, a dry mouth, and ulcers on the tongue and in the mouth. The tongue tip is red with a thin yellow
coating, and the pulse is fast.
Palpation points: SI-5, SI-7, and SP-8.
Prescription: CV-3, BL-40, SI-8, ST-39, HT-7 and SI-7 with a reducing needle techniques.
Pain due to Qi Stagnation

Clinical manifestations are acute, sharp lower abdominal pain that refers to the back, and a dropped testicle (hernia).
The tongue is pale with a thin white coating, and the pulse is wiry and tight.
Palpation points: CV-6, ST-25, and ST-7.
Prescription: BL-28, CV-4, CV-6, LV-3 and LV-1 with reducing needle techniques.
SMALL INTESTINE MERIDIAN SYMDROMES AND TREATMENT

Clinical manifestations are painful sensations on the neck, shoulder, cheek, elbow and backside of the arm.
Palpation points: SI-12, SI-6, SI-14, and SI-11.
Prescription: SI-4, SI-8, SI-10 and HT-5 with reducing needle techniques and moxibustion.
Heat Pathogenic Influence stagnated in the meridian and traveling up

The main clinical manifestations are a dry sore throat, deafness, and yellowish eyes.
Palpation points: SI-8, SI-3, and HT-5.
Prescription: SI-19, SI-4, SI-3, HT-7 and HT-9 with reducing needle techniques and bloodletting.
23
KIDNEY AND URINARY BLADDER
KIDNEY
The Kidney stores the life essence, which is considered the origin of Yin and Yang of the Zang Fu and the
source of life of the human body. Hence, they are called "The Origin of the Congenital Constitution." It dominates
growth, development and reproduction, governs water metabolism, receives the Qi and produces marrow, which
nourishes the bones. They outwardly manifest in the head hair, and their specific body opening is into the ears and
the two Yin-orifices. The emotions associated are fear and fright, and their associated secretion is spittle. The
Kidney and the Urinary Bladder are Exteriorly-Interiorly related due to interconnections of the Kidney meridian and
Urinary Bladder meridian.
KIDNEY SYNDROMES & TREATMENT
Kidney Yang Deficiency

This is usually due to insufficiency of the Kidney Yang Qi. It results mainly from Kidney Deficiency in the aged,
injury of the Kidney due to chronic diseases and intemperance in one’s sexual life. Its clinical manifestations are a
pale complexion, an aversion to the cold, cold limbs, listlessness, weakness or a cold pain in the low back and knees,
impotence, sterility in females due to a cold womb, persistent diarrhea containing undigested food or diarrhea before
dawn, and edema more in the lower limbs. The tongue is swollen and pale with a white coating, and the pulse is
deep, thread-like and weak.
Palpation points: KI-3, KI-7, and KI-10.
Prescription: KI-3, CV-3, BL-23, CV-4, GV-4 and KI-7 with reinforcing needle techniques and moxibustion.
Kidney Qi Deficiency
Usually due to insufficiency of the Kidney Qi with a decrease in renal functioning, it generally results from Kidney
Deficiency in the aged, insufficient Kidney Qi in infants, chronic or long-term diseases or intemperance in sexual
life. Clinical manifestations are lassitude, listlessness, weakness in the lower back and knees, frequent urination,
incontinence, enuresis, urinary incontinence, nocturia, spermatorrhea or premature ejaculation in men, clear
leukorrhea or spontaneous abortion in women. The tongue is pale with a white coating, and the pulse is deep and
weak.
Palpation points: KI-6, KI-10, and CV-4.
Prescription: CV-6, KI-10, KI-3, ST-36, BL-23 and BL-24 with reinforcing needle techniques and moxibustion.
Insufficiency of the Kidney Essence (Jing)

Generally caused by congenital defects, improper care after birth, intemperance in sexual life and damage to the
Kidney due to chronic and long-term disease, the clinical manifestations are retarded development in infants,
marked by bradypragia (slow movement), low intelligence, tardy closure of the fontanel, and dysostosis; in adults it
expresses itself through sterility due to spermacrasia in males and due to amenorrhea in females, premature senility,
baldness and odontoseisis (headache with loose teeth), tinnitus, deafness, amnesia, flaccidity of the feet, hypopnea
and bradypragia.
Palpation points: KI-3, KI-24, KI-25, and LV-8.
Prescription: CV-4, GV-4, GV-14, KI-3, GV-20 and LI-11 with reinforcing needle techniques and moxibustion.
24
Kidney Yin Deficiency

Insufficiency of Yin fluids in the Kidney and whole body leading to clinical manifestations consisting of a weak
sensation in the low back and knees, dizziness, tinnitus, insomnia, dreaminess, frequent erection of the penis or
emissions in men, scanty menstruation or amenorrhea in women, emaciation, tidal fever, night sweats, dysphoria
with a feverish sensation in the chest, palms and soles, flushed cheeks, dry throat and constipation. The tongue is
red without a coating, and the pulse is thin and fast.
Palpation points: KI-3, KI-5, BL-52, BL-23, and GV-4.
Prescription: KI-6, BL-23, KI-3, BL-52, CV-2 and GV-4 with reinforcing needle techniques.
Kidney fails to receive the Qi

This is a Qi deficiency syndrome usually due to Lung Qi Deficiency and asthma. Its clinical manifestations are
shortness of breath with prolonged exhalation and shortened inhalation that is aggravated by activity, difficulty
breathing that worsens upon exertion, dyspnea, spontaneous sweating, lassitude, leptophonia, and weakness of the
loins and knees. The tongue is pale with a white coating, and the pulse is floating and big, with no root.
Palpation points: KI-7, KI-3, KI-10, and KI-26.
Prescription: KI-3, CV-6, KI-7, CV-17, BL-23 and LU-9 with reinforcing needle techniques and moxibustion.
KIDNEY MERIDIAN SYNDROMES AND TREATMENT

Clinical manifestations are pain, soreness and weakness in the spinal column region and lower back and blurry
vision.
Palpation points: KI-1, KI-8, and KI-14.
Prescription: KI-10, BL-23, KI-3 and BL-58 with reducing needle techniques and moxibustion.
Heat stagnated in the Kidney meridian

The main symptoms are a dry tongue, a dry and sore throat, a hot sensation in the mouth, chest pain and a burning
sensation on the soles.
Palpation points: KI-2 and KI-5.
Prescription: KI-1, KI-7, BL-64 and KI-4 with reducing needle techniques.
25
URINARY BLADDER
The Urinary Bladder's main function is to store and excrete urine. In pathological conditions, when the
Urinary Bladder fails to store urine, there may be frequent micturition and urinary incontinence. The Dampness and
Heat accumulating in the Urinary Bladder often cause frequent or urgent urination that can be painful.
TCM believes that the fulfillment of the Urinary Bladder's function of storing and excreting urine depends
upon the Kidney’s help in transforming the Qi, which means dividing the clear fluids from the turbid. The Urinary
Bladder and the Kidney are Exteriorly-Interiorly related due to interconnections of the Urinary Bladder meridian
and the Kidney meridian.
URINARY BLADDER SYMDROMES AND TREATMENT
Deficiency Cold in the Urinary Bladder

This syndrome is due to both Kidney and Urinary Bladder Yang Deficiency. Clinical manifestations include a pale
complexion, lassitude, cold and weak sensations on the lower abdomen that are improved by pressure and warmth,
frequent urination and/or possible bed-wetting. The tongue is pale with a white coating, and the pulse is weak and
deep.
Palpation points: KI-3, BL-10, BL-59, BL-40, and BL-23.
Prescription: CV-3, GV-4, BL-28, BL-40, BL-23, BL-65 and LI-2 with reinforcing needle techniques and moxibustion.
Damp Heat in the Urinary Bladder

This is usually due to retention of pathogenic Dampness and Heat in the Urinary Bladder. Clinical manifestations are
frequent and urgent micturition, scanty urination and dysuria, brownish-red urine or hematuria, urinary calculus,
often accompanied by fever and lumbago, a red tongue with a yellowish and greasy coating, and a slippery and rapid
pulse.
Palpation points: CV-3, ST-29, SP-9, and BL-40.
Prescription: BL-63, BL-65, BL-40, BL-28, CV-3 and ST-28 with reducing needle techniques.
URINARY BLADDER MERIDIAN SYNDROMES AND TREATMENT

The main symptoms of the Wind, Cold and Damp Pathogenic Influence in the Urinary Bladder meridian are a
painful sensation on the nape of the neck, back, leg, foot, and back of the head.
Palpation points: BL-10, BL-7, BL-60, and BL-58.
Prescription: BL-67, BL-65, BL-40, KI-7 and GB-34 with reducing needle techniques and moxibustion.
Heat stagnated in the Urinary Bladder meridian and traveling upwards

Clinical manifestations include a headache, a yellowish color in the eyes, eye tearing, epistaxis and hemorrhoids.
Palpation points: BL-39, BL-55, BL-62
Prescription: KI-1, BL-67, BL-63 and KI-4 with reducing needle techniques.
26
LIVER AND GALL BLADDER
LIVER
The Liver controls the free-flow of Qi, houses the Blood and dominates the tendons. It has its outward
manifestations on the nails and its specific body opening in the eyes. Its expressive emotion is anger, and its
associated secretions are tears. The Liver and Gallbladder are Exteriorly-Interiorly related due to interconnections
of the Liver meridian of Foot Jue-Yin and the Gallbladder meridian of Foot Shao-Yang.
LIVER SYNDROMES & TREATMENTS
Liver Qi Stagnation
This is a syndrome characterized by an inability of the Liver to aid in the free flowing of Qi. Emotional depression,
abrupt mental irritation and invasion by pathogenic infectors can induce Liver Qi stagnation. Clinical manifestations
are emotional depression, irritability, and stuffiness in the chest, frequent sighing and wandering pain with distention
in the chest, hypochondriac region and lower abdomen. Further symptoms include the sensation of a foreign body
in the throat, which can be neither swallowed nor coughed up, goiter, abdominal masses, and painful distension in
the breasts in women, dysmenorrhea, and irregular menstruation. The tongue has a white coating, and the pulse is
wiry.
Palpation points: LV-13, LV-3, LV-8, and TW-6.
Prescription: TW-6, LV-2, BL-18, LV-14, ST-36 and GV-34 with reducing or even movement needle techniques.
Liver Fire flaring up

This is an excess syndrome of the Liver, which is usually caused by stagnation of the Liver Qi and accumulations of
the Heart that turn to fire. Clinical manifestations include dizziness, distended headache, a flushed face, a bitter taste,
a dry mouth, restlessness and irritability, insomnia, nightmares, burning pain in the hypochondriac region,
constipation, dark urine, tinnitus, otopyorrhea, hematemesis and epistaxis. The tongue is red with a yellow coating,
and the pulse is fast and wiry.
Palpation points: GV-20, LV-3, LV-5, and LV-14.
Prescription: LV-4, GB-38, LV-3, BL-18 and GB-37 with reducing needle techniques.
Hyperactive Liver Yang

This syndrome is due to a Liver and Kidney Yin Deficiency. (The Kidney water fails to nourish the Liver wood.) It
results mostly from Liver Fire due to anger and anxiety, stagnation of Liver Qi, consumption of Yin fluid, and failure
of the Yin to counterbalance the Yang. Clinical manifestations are dizziness, tinnitus, distended pain in the head
and eyes, a flushed face, conjunctiva congestion, irritability, palpitations, amnesia, insomnia, dreaminess, weakness of
the loins and knees and vertigo. The tongue is red with a yellow coating, and the pulse is wiry and thread-like.
Palpation points: KI-3, LV-8, BL-23, and BL-18.
Prescription: GB-40, LV-5, LV-8, GB-34, BL-18, LV-3 and BL-23
27
Liver Blood Deficiency

This syndrome occurs when the Liver fails in housing the Blood, usually caused by deficiency of both the Spleen and
Kidney, massive loss of blood or consumption of Liver Blood due to chronic disorders. Its clinical manifestations
are a pale complexion, dizziness, tinnitus, dryness and discomfort of the eyes, poor sight, night blindness, numbness
of the limbs, contracture of the tendons and muscles, muscular twitches, colorless nails and scanty light
menstruation or even amenorrhea. The tongue is pale, and the pulse is thin and weak.
Palpation points: LV-8, LV-3, SP-6, and SP-10.
Prescription: BL-17, BL-18, BL-20, BL-23, LV-8, KI-3 and SP-4 with reinforcing needle techniques and moxibustion.
Syndromes of Up-Stirring of Liver Wind

Interior Wind caused by an over-flowing of Liver Yang
This is a mental disorder that clinically manifests as having a tendency to fall due to dizziness, head shaking due to
distended pain, a stiff neck, tremor, aphasia, numbness of the limbs, an abnormal gait or sudden syncope,
unconsciousness, facial distortion or even hemiplegia. The tongue is red with a yellow coating, and the pulse is wiry
and rapid.
Palpation points: LV-3, LI-4, LV-14, and CV-14.
Prescription: GB-34, Shi Xuan, LV-2, BL-18, GV-14, GV-20 and LI-4 with reducing needle techniques and
bloodletting.
Interior Wind resulting from an overabundance of Heat

This is usually due to extreme hyperactivity of pathogenic Heat. Clinical manifestations are a high fever, a coma,
restlessness, and convulsions of the limbs, a stiff neck, and eyeballs turning upward, lockjaw or even
opisthognathous. The tongue is red with a yellow coating, and the pulse is wiry and fast.
Palpation points: SP-6, LV-8, and LI-10.
Prescription: ST-36, SP-6, GB-34, GV-14, GV-20, LI-4, LV-3, PC-6 and LI-11 with reducing needle techniques.
Interior Wind caused by Deficiency of Blood

Usually caused by lack of nourishment to the tendons and muscles owing to a Deficiency of Blood stored in the
Liver, for clinical manifestations, refer to the section on the syndrome of Deficiency of the Liver Blood.
Palpation points: LV-5, LV-8, and LV-12.
Prescriptions: SP-6, SP-10, BL-17, BL-19 and LV-3 with reinforcing needle techniques.
LIVER MERIDIAN SYNDROMES AND TREATMENT
Wind and Cold Pathogenic Influence stagnated in the Liver meridian

This is a syndrome due to retention of Wind-Cold Pathogenic Influence in the Liver meridian. Clinical
manifestations are a cold pain in the lower abdomen, with a bearing-down or distended pain in the testes or a
dragging-pain in the scrotum upon contraction. Conditions are aggravated by cold and relieved by heat. The tongue
is pale with a white greasy coating, and the pulse is deep and wiry.
Palpation points: LV-11, LV-12, LV-5, and LV-2.
Prescription: CV-4, SP-6, LV-1 and LV-3 with moxibustion and an even-movement needle technique.
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GALL BLADDER
The function of the gall bladder is to store and excrete bile that is produced, excreted, controlled and
regulated by the liver. This is related to the Liver’s function of controlling the normal flow of Qi. Consequently, if
the liver functions properly, the gallbladder will excrete bile regularly and freely, and the Spleen and Stomach will
also conduct the transportation and transformation functional activities normally. In pathological circumstance,
when depression of the Liver Qi leads to an obstruction of excretion of bile, there may appear distending pain in the
hypochondriac and abdominal regions, a poor appetite and loose stool. If the bile flows upward, there may appear a
bitter taste in the mouth and vomiting of a yellow-green bitter fluid. In the case of an overflow of the bile, jaundice
may result.
Excess Syndrome
Frequently referred to as Gall Bladder fire rising up, its clinical manifestations are distention and pain in the
hypochondriac region, a bitter taste in the mouth, ringing ear or even loss of hearing ability, restlessness, angering
easily, a headache with red eyes and vomiting of bitter fluids. The tongue is red with a yellow coating, and the pulse
is fast and wiry.
Palpation points: GB-41, GV-5, and GB-22.
Prescription: GB-40, TW-5, LV-3, GV-20, GB-2 and LV-14 with reducing needle techniques.
Deficiency Syndrome
Due to an insufficiency of the Qi and Blood, clinical manifestations are a tendency to fright, heart palpitations,
insomnia and nightmares. The tongue is pale with a thin white coating, and the pulse is thin and weak.
Palpation points: GB-25, GB-26, and GB-39.
Prescription: BL-19, BL-23, BL-15, HT-7, KI-3, LV-13 and GB-40 with reinforcing needle techniques and
moxibustion.
GALLBLADDER MERIDIAN SYNDROMES & TREATMENT

Clinical manifestations are painful sensations traveling from the hip down to the lateral malleolus along the Gall
Bladder meridian with a numb sensation on the fourth toe.
Palpation points: GB-20, GB-21, and GB-34.
Prescription: GB-30, GB-29, GB-34 and GB-42 with reducing needle techniques and moxibustion.
Gall Bladder Heat transfers to the meridian and stagnates the flow of Qi
This is a syndrome due to the Heat, which is transferred from the Gall Bladder organ to the meridian. The main
clinical manifestations are sighing, belching, a bitter taste in the mouth, hypochondriac pain and deafness.
Palpation points: GB-34, GB-41, and BL-19.
Prescription: GB-2, GB-43, LV-2, LV-13 and Tai Yang with reducing needle techniques and bloodletting.
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PERICARDIUM AND TRIPLE WARMER
PERICARDIUM
TCM envisions the Pericardium as the peripheral tissue of the Heart, which enables the Heart to avoid
invasion of Pathogenic Influences. For example, in TCM, a high fever, coma or loss of consciousness with a red
tongue, occurring during the course of a febrile disease is often described as "an attack on the Pericardium by
pathogenic Heat." In fact, the signs and symptoms occurring after the Pericardium has been invaded by external
pathogenic factors, are the same as those appearing after the Heart has been attacked. The Pericardium and Triple
Warmer (San Jiao) are Exteriorly-Interiorly related due to interconnections of the Pericardium meridian of hand Jue
Yin and the Triple Warmer meridian of hand of Shao Yang.
PERICARDIUM MERIDIAN SYNDROME AND TREATMENT

Acupuncture points in this meridian are used for heart, chest, and peptic diseases as well as mental illness,
and for symptoms manifesting along the meridian’s pathway.
Qi Stagnation in Pericardium Meridian

Symptoms usually are caused by physical injury and mental trauma. Clinical manifestations are cardiac pain, mental
restlessness, chest discomfort, palpitations and an oppressed feeling in the chest, and stomach pain. Since the Heart
stores the “Shen,” the symptoms related are insomnia, depression, mental illness, epilepsy, anxiousness and panic
attack.
Palpation points: PC-2, PC-3, and PC-6.
Prescription: PC-6, ST-36, and CV-14 with moving the Qi needle techniques.
Heat Syndromes retaining in the Pericardium Meridian

This syndrome occurs when the Pathogenic Influences invade, or it maybe due to other metabolism problems.
Clinical manifestations are swelling of the axilla and spasms of the elbow and arm, wrist injuries, and heat sensations
in the palm.
Palpation points: PC-7, PC-1, and PC-4.
Prescription: PC-8, PC-4, LI-10, and TW-10 with reducing needle technique.
TRIPLE WARMER
The Triple Warmer, a general term for the Upper, Middle, and Lower Warmers, is regarded as one of the six
Fu bowels. It is generally accepted that the main functions of the Triple Warmer are to pass various kinds of Qi and
to circulate body fluids. It is Exteriorly- Interiorly related to the Pericardium by their meridians.
The Triple Warmer performs the function of dredging water passages, thereby serving as the pathway for
lifting and lowering, entering and exiting of body fluids. Water metabolism is accomplished through the
coordination of many organs such as the Lungs, Spleen, Stomach, Intestines, Kidneys and Urinary Bladder, with the
Triple Warmer as its passageway so that body fluids can ascend-descend and enter-exit normally. If the water
passages of the Triple Warmer are blocked, the distributive and regulative functions of the Lungs, Spleen, Kidneys
and others are hard to fulfill.
30
Deficiency Syndrome of Triple Warmer

A syndrome caused by insufficiency of the Kidney Qi, clinical manifestations are a puffy face and a heavy sensation
in the whole body, bloating and distention in the epigastric and abdominal regions, rebellion of the Qi with a cold
sensation in the abdomen, bed-wetting or urinary incontinence and a swollen and distended sensation in the four
extremities. The tongue is swollen and pale with a white greasy coating, and the pulse is thin and deep or deep and
weak.
Palpation points: TW-4, TW-8, and SP-6.
Prescription: TW-3, BL-39, BL-22, CV-5, ST-28, CV-4 and SP-9 with reinforcing needle techniques and moxibustion.
Excess Syndrome of Triple Warmer

Usually due to the Dampness and Heat stagnated in the Triple Warmer, obstructing the flow of water. Main clinical
manifestations are a swollen body with a low-grade fever, bloating and distention in the epigastric and abdominal
regions and scanty or turbid urine. The tongue is red with a yellow greasy coating, and the pulse is floating and weak.
Palpation points: TW-5, TW-19, and TW-13.
Prescription: TW-10, BL-39, BL-22, CV-5 and GV-4 with reducing needle techniques.
TRIPLE WARMER MERIDIAN SYNDROME AND TREATMENT

Clinical manifestations are painful sensations on the shoulder, arm, elbow and ring finger.
Palpation points: TW-3 and TW-13.
Prescription: TW-2, TW-5, TW-13 and TW-14 with reducing needle techniques and moxibustion.
Heat Stagnation in the meridian

This is a symptom due to the Heat Pathogenic Influence, Interior Heat or Heat due to stagnation of the Qi and the
seven emotional changes. The main clinical manifestations are a sudden loss of hearing, tinnitus, and a painful and
swollen sensation on the outside of canthus, chin, ear and neck, sore throat and hypochondriac pain. The tongue is
red with a yellow coating and the pulse is fast.
Palpation points: TW-3, TW-6, and TW-10.
Prescription: TW-3, TW-5, TW-7, GB-34 and GB-43 with reducing needle techniques and bloodletting.
31
CHAPTER III: PRESCRIPTION METHODOLOGY
PRINCIPLE INDICATIONS OF THE FOURTEEN MAJOR MERIDIANS
Three Hand Yin Meridian Indications

Meridian Indications Indications of Two Indications of All Three
Meridians Meridians
Hand Tai Yin Lung Disorders Diseases in the chest region
Hand Jue Yin Heart and Stomach Mental Disorders
Diseases
Hand Shao Yin Heart Diseases
Three Hand Yang Meridian Indications

Meridians Meridians
Hand Yang Ming Forehead, nose, mouth, and teeth Eye problems
problems Sore throat
Hand Shao Yang Side of the head and problems in the Ear problems Febrile diseases
hypochondriac region
Hand Tai Yang Back of the head, scapular, and mental
disorders
Three Foot Yang Meridian Indications

Meridians Meridians
Foot Yang Ming Forehead, mouth, teeth, throat, Mental diseases
Stomach and Intestine problems Febrile diseases
Foot Shao Yang Side of the head, ear, and Eye problems
hypochondriac pain
Foot Tai Yang Back of the head, back, and organ
diseases
Three Foot Yin Meridian Indications

Meridian Indications Indications of All Three Meridians
Foot Tai Yin Stomach and Spleen Diseases Diseases of the genital region
Foot Jue Yin Liver problems OBGYN Diseases
Foot Shao Yin Kidney, Lung, and throat problems
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Principle Indications of the Fourteen Major Meridians
Conception and Governing Meridian Indications

Meridian Indications Indications of Two
Meridians
Conception Reinforcing and building up Yang Qi Organ Disorders
Vessel Mental Disorders
Governing Vessel Wind Stroke, coma, febrile diseases, and problems of the head GYN Disorders
and face
33
THE DISTINGUSHING FEATURES OF THE FOURTEEN MAJOR MERIDIAN

INDICATIONS
Hand Tai Yin Meridian of the Lung

All the points that are located in the Lung meridian can treat the disorders of the Lungs, chest, Stomach and
diseases of the regions along the course of this meridian.
Lung Disorders
Cough:
• LU-1 used for cough by Heat stagnated in the Lung
• LU-9 used for cough with large amounts of phlegm
• LU-10 treat dry cough with hemoptysis
• LU-7 used for cough with sore throat and difficulty speaking.
Hemoptysis:
• LU-5 and LU-10 are effective to treat hemoptysis
• LU-6 is used for acute hemoptysis
• LU-10 treats phlegm with bleeding during the cough, and asthma.
Sore throat:
• LU-11 used for swollen and sore throat
• LU-10 treats sore throat with Heat
• LU-7 is used for dryness and soreness in the throat.
Stomach and Intestine Problems

• LU-5 treats vomiting
• LU-9 is used for dry vomiting without anything being expelled
• LU-10 is used for vomiting and diarrhea during dysentery
• LU-11 treats vomiting due to Summer Heat stroke.
Hand Yang Ming Meridian of the Large Intestine

All of the points that are located in Large Intestine meridian can treat disorders of the head and face,
Stomach and Intestine diseases, mental disorders, dermatological disorders, fever, and diseases of the regions along
the course of the meridian.
Head and Face Problems

• LI-4 is used for any type of disease on the head and face
• LI-1 is used for mumps and lower toothache
• LI-2 can treat mumps and eye pain
• LI-14 is used for any kind of eye problems
• LI-7 is used for epistaxis
• LI-20 treats nose diseases and facial paralysis.
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Distingushing Features of the Fourteen Major Meridian Indications
Lung and Throat Problems

• LI-4 is used for any type of Lung disease
• LI-1 is effective for cough and asthma, and a sore, swollen throat
• LI-3 is used for sore throat with a stagnation sensation
• LI-11 treats sore throat with severe infection
• LI-18 and LI-19 can treat sudden loss of voice.
Stomach and Intestine Problems

• LI-4 and LI-11 is the main combination point prescription used for Stomach and Intestine problems
• LI-11 is effective to treat abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and dysentery
• LI-8 is the main supplemental point to treat Large Intestine problems
• LI-9 is the main supplemental point to treat Small Intestine problems.
Mental Disorders
• LI-3 is used for over sleeping
• LI-5 used for mental disorders, and epilepsy
• LI-11 is effective for mental disorders and ease to be frightened.
Dermatological Problems
• LI-11 is effective to any kind of skin problems
• LI-4 is used for Urticaria
• LI-14 used for eczema.
Fever
• LI-11 is the main point to reduce the fever
• LI-4 is effective for fever and aversion to cold
• LI-1 used for high fever with mental symptoms.
Muscular and Tendon Problems

• LI-11 treats muscle contraction in the elbow area
• LI-15 is used for frozen shoulder
• LI-4 is effective for numb sensation or dysfunction of the fingers.
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Foot Yang Ming Meridian of the Stomach

All the points located in Stomach meridian are mainly used for various kinds of diseases such as: Stomach
and intestine disorders, mental disorders, blood problems, febrile diseases, cough and asthma, head and face
problems and the diseases of the regions along the course of this meridian.
Stomach and Intestine Diseases

• ST-36 is the main point for any Stomach and intestine problem.
• ST-37 and ST-25 are very effective to remedy Large Intestine problems such as: diarrhea or constipation.
• ST-39 is used for Small Intestine diseases such as: loose stool and dysuria
• ST-43 used for bloating sensation on the Stomach and the whole abdomen
• ST-44 can treat bowel movements with blood and pus
• ST-45 is used for diabetes with symptoms related to hunger.
Mental Problems
• ST-36 is used for dyspnea, manic-depressive disorders, epilepsy, and for those easily frightened or scared.
• ST-40 is used for mental disorders with crazy laughing and more phlegm.
• ST-41 is effective to treat mental disorders with crying and sadness.
• ST-42 is used for mental disorders without hunger and irritability.
• ST-45 is used for mental disorders with bad nightmares
• ST-23 and ST-24 treat mental disorders in patients with affinity to move or play with their tongue.
Blood Problems
• ST-14 is used for cough with blood or pus
• ST-19 and ST-20 treat vomiting of blood
• ST-25 is used for women with abdominal masses due to Blood stagnation and irregular menstruation.
• ST-36 is used for Blood stagnation in the chest region and fainting after labor.
• ST-45 can also treat epistaxis.
Febrile Diseases
• ST-36 is used for hot sensations in the abdominal region and restlessness of the whole body, febrile disease
with a heavy sensation in the head, and forehead pain.
• ST-41 is effective for Stomach Heat with trembling speech
• ST-37 is used for Heat in the Large Intestine with borborygmus and abdominal pain
• ST-39 can treat Heat in the shoulder and in front of the ear.
• ST-41, ST-44, and ST-45 are used for febrile disease without sweat.
Cough and Asthma

• ST-13 is used for cough with rebellious of Qi
• ST-14 can treat cough with bleeding and pus
• ST-1 is used for asthma and shortness or breath.
• ST-36 is effective for chronic asthma in deficiency types.
36
• ST-40 is used for asthma and cough with large amounts phlegm.
Head and Face Symptoms

• ST-2 treats eye problems, including facial paralysis.
• ST-3 is effective for twitching of eyelids, deviation of the mouth and eye, and pain in the face.
• ST-4 is used for facial paralysis, wry mouth, and salivation
• ST-6 treats deviation of the mouth and eye, toothache, swelling of the cheek, and trismus.
• ST-8 is used for pain in the eyes and side headache
• ST-36 and ST-40 are used for dysphasia with more phlegm and inability to speak.
• ST-41 treats pain on the eyebrow
• ST-44 treats sore throat and toothache.

• ST-31 is used for lower back and thigh pain and muscle contraction on the leg
• ST-34 and ST-35 can treat swelling and pain in the knee with difficulty of movement.
• ST-41 is used for leg pain and muscle contraction.
Foot Tai Yin Meridian of the Spleen

The points of the Spleen meridian usually can be used to treat the all of the five organs’ diseases and Blood
problems, including the diseases of regions along the course of this meridian.
Spleen and Stomach Diseases

• SP-1 is used for abdominal bloating and acute sudden diarrhea or vomiting
• SP-2 is used for vomiting with a full sensation in the abdomen and swelling in the four extremities.
• SP-3 is effective for abdominal bloating with borborygmus, or vomiting, diarrhea, poor appetite, heavy
sensation in the whole body and four extremities, paralysis, etc.
• SP-4 treats the pain in the intestine and face, or head swelling
• SP-6 is used for epigastria and abdominal area bloating and cramping, poor appetite, heavy sensation in the
body with low energy, and paralysis of the legs.
• SP-9 treats bloating in the abdomen, retention of the urine, and swollen limbs.
• SP-15 is used for constipation or diarrhea.
Heart Disease
• SP-1 is used for restlessness, heart pain and nightmares
• SP-2 treats insomnia and heart pain
• SP-3 is used for heart pain with slow pulse
• SP-4 is effective for Heart Fire with mental disorders like laughing.
• SP-5 treats mental disorders, epilepsy and nightmares
• SP-6 is used for restlessness, insomnia and night emission.
37
• SP-15 used for sadness with crying.
38
Lung Disorders
• SP-1 is used for shortness of breath, asthma and stuffy chest sensations
• SP-4 treats asthma with cough
• SP-9 is effective for asthma and shortness of breath with phlegm
• SP-20 used for cough with large amounts of yellowish or green phlegm.
Liver Problems
• SP-1 is used for infantile convulsion or those in coma
• SP-3 is used for distention and distending sensation on the chest and hypochondriac region.
• SP-4 is used for chronic infantile convulsion and hernias pain
• SP-6 treats genital area pain and hernia pain.
Kidney Problems
• SP-5 is used for infertility, nocturnal emission, and irregular urination.
• SP-9 treats nocturnal emission, bed-wetting, and retention of urine.
• SP-6 is effective for enuresis, irregular menstruation, and any kind of urine problems.
Bleeding
• SP-1 treats any kind of acute or chronic bleeding, particularly abnormal menstruation bleeding and
pathological bleeding during febrile disease.
• SP-4 treats bowel movement with bleeding.
• SP-6 is used for menorrhagia.
• SP-10 is effective for Blood Heat, urticaria, eczema, irregular menstruation, and Blood stagnation in any part
of the body.
Hand Shao Yin Meridian of the Heart

The points of the Heart meridian usually treat diseases in the Heart and chest, mental diseases, blood
problems, and diseases of the regions along the course of the meridian.
Mental Disorders
• HT-3 is used for depressive psychosis, mania, and epilepsy.
• HT-4 treats sadness and fear, or mental disorders with laughing.
• HT-7 is used for epilepsy, mental disorders, poor memory, insomnia, and heart palpitation due to fright.
• HT-9 treats mental disorder or epilepsy in coma.
Heart Diseases
• HT-1 is used for cardiac pain and a stuffy sensation in the chest.
• HT-6 is used for cardiac pain with night sweating.
• HT-7 treats cardiac pain with heart palpitations.
39
• HT-8 is used for cardiac pain with restlessness.

• HT-9 treats chest pain with heat sensations in the mouth.
Blood Problems
• HT-5 is used for profuse menstruation or menorrhagia
• HT-6 is used for hemoptysis and epistaxis.
Skin Problems
• HT-3 is used for scrofula
• HT-8 treats itching in the genital area.
Hand Tai Yang Meridian of the Small Intestine

The principal indications of the Small Intestine meridian in the clinic are commonly used for diseases of the
head, nape, ear, skin, eyes, throat, febrile and mental diseases, and the diseases of the regions along the course of the
meridian.
Mental Disorders
• SI-2 and SI-3 are used for mental disorders and epilepsy with tense type.
• SI-4 is used for infantile convulsion.
• SI-7 treats depressive psychosis, fright, sadness, over thinking and poor memory.
• SI-8 is effective to treat epilepsy
• SI-1 is good to treat febrile disease in a coma.
Body Liquid Problems

• SI-1 is used for lack of milk after labor and dry mouth
• SI-2 treats no milk after labor with tearing and eye pain.
• SI-3 is used for night sweating
• SI-4 and SI-5 can treat diabetes.
• SI-7 is used for diabetes with over drinking
• SI-17 is used for vomiting with water.
Dermatological Problems
• SI-1 is used for mastitis, sore and swollen throat.
• SI-3 treats skin disorders with severe itching, swollen, red and itching eyes.
• SI-5 is effective for scrofula, hemorrhoids, lumps, and eczema.
• SI-7 treats itching skin and urticaria.
• SI-8 is used for lumps in the arm with hot and painful sensations.
• SI-9 and 10 are used for scrofula
• SI-16 and SI-17 are used for swollen lumps on the neck.
40
• SI-18 treats lip infection with red, pain and swollen sensations.
Head Problems
• SI-1 and SI-19 are used for tinnitus and deafness with Heat sensations.
• SI-2 is used for tinnitus and stuffy nose
• SI-3 and SI-4 are used for blurry vision, eye pain and poor vision.
• SI-5 treats blurry vision with a dry sensation in the eyes.
• SI-16 is used for ringing ear and deafness.
• SI-18 is used for facial pain and paralysis.
Foot Tai Yang Meridian of the Urinary Bladder

The points located in this meridian are usually used for all the organ diseases and the diseases of the head,
mental aspect, hemorrhoids, tendons, and muscles, including diseases of the regions along the course of this
meridian.
Zang-Fu Problems
• T-1 to T-6 (including first and second line) can be used for heart and Lung diseases.
• T-7 to T-12 can be used for Middle Warmer and any digestion system problem.
• L-1 to S-5 can treat all of the diseases in Lower Warmer including the urinary system and reproductive
system diseases and some of digestion system diseases.
• BL-67 is used for mal-position of the fetus.
Mental Disorders
• BL-8 is used for mental disorders and epilepsy, convulsion and double vision.
• BL-15 is used for mental disorders, epilepsy, poor memory, and insomnia.
• BL-16 treats mental disorders with non-stop speaking.
• BL-11 is used for mental disorders and epilepsy with spasm and convulsion.
• BL-10 treats epilepsy with a heavy sensation in the head, dizziness and vertigo.
• BL-60 treats epilepsy with trismus.
Head and Facial Problems

• BL-1 is used for any kind of eye problems.
• BL-2 treats the pain on the eyebrow and eye problems.
• BL-6 is used for glaucoma and blurry vision.
• BL-4 is used for nose problems.
• BL-7 is effective for dizziness and a heavy sensation in the head.
• BL-12 is used for sinusitis, stuffy nose, and large amounts of nasal discharge.
Hemorrhoid Problems
• BL-54, BL-57 and BL-58 treat hemorrhoids with swelling and pain.
• BL-36 and BL-56 are used for hemorrhoids with sticky bowel movement.
41

• BL-2, BL-5, BL-8 and BL-11 are used for muscle tightness and spasm on the head with poor vision.
• BL-18 is used for tendon and muscle spasm with convulsion.
• BL-56 treats the leg muscle spasms
• BL-57 is used for leg spasm related to lower abdominal pain.
• BL-60 is used for tendon contraction and spasm and BL-62 treats stiffness and hard to move legs and feet.
Foot Shao Yin Meridian of the Kidney

Kidney meridian points are usually used for the five Zang organ diseases, particularly for Kidney, urinary
system, reproductive system diseases, and diseases of the region along the course of the meridian.
Kidney and Urinary Bladder Problems

• KI-1 is used for a cold sensation on the lower extremities, lower back soreness and pain, irregular bowel
movement and urination, asthma (indicated by failure in holding the root of the Qi), and dark colored
complexion.
• KI-2 treats urine leakage, cloudy urination, and diabetes
• KI-3 is effective for irregular stool and urine, shortness of breath, and asthma.
• KI-4 is used for spinal column pain and lower back pain, and retention of urine
• KI-5 treats leakage of urine.
• KI-7 is used for leg edema, pain and burning sensation during urination.
• KI-8 treats distention in the lower abdomen and bloating.
• KI-10 is used for difficulty in emptying the bladder and frequent urination with a painful sensation in the
genital region.
Reproductive System Problems

• KI-2 is used for prolapsed uterus, infertility, and irregular bleeding.
• KI-3 treats impotence, nocturnal emission, and pain sensations in the genital region.
• KI-6 is used for irregular menstruation and leukorrhea with reddish discharge, and a prolapsed uterus.
• KI-8 treats uterine bleeding, prolapsed uterus, pain and swelling of testes, or amenorrehea.
• KI-10 is used for impotence, hernia, irregular menstruation, and uterine bleeding.
• KI-13 and KI-14 are used for irregular menstruation, and leukorrhea with reddish discharge and strong odor
as well as uterine bleeding after the labor, hernia, and nocturnal emission.
Lung Diseases
• KI-1 is used for cough with a heat sensation in the whole body, and can also for hemoptysis.
• KI-2 treats sore and swollen throat with bleeding.
• KI-3 is used for asthma and cough with shortness of breath.
• KI-6 treats dry sore throat due to deficiency.
42
Heart Diseases
• KI-1 is used for cardiac pain, and urticaria.
• KI-2 treats severe chest pain and night sweating.
• KI-7 is used for night sweating and dry tongue.
• KI-9 is used for epilepsy with a tendency to playing with the tongue.
Liver Diseases
• KI-1 is used for a mental disorder with crazy anger and mania, loss of consciousness, hernia, and muscle
spasms.
• KI-2 is used for acute infantile omphalitis, tetanus, and lockjaw.
• KI-6 is used for epilepsy with evening onset and plum-pit Qi.
Spleen Diseases
• KI-2 is used for jaundice, diarrhea, and swelling of the feet.
• KI-3 treats abdominal bloating with vomiting, poor appetite, and over sleep.
• KI-7 is used for abdominal bloating, swelling in four extremities and weakness in the legs.
Hand Jue Yin Meridian of the Pericardium

The points that are located in the Pericardium meridian can treat mental disorders, Heart and chest
problems, Blood disharmonies, Stomach problems, dermatological diseases, and the diseases of the region along the
course of this meridian.
Mental Disorders
• PC-6 is used for any kind of mental disorder.
• PC-3 is effective to heart palpitations and tendency for fright.
• PC-5 is used for epilepsy.
• PC-7 is used for mental disorders with abnormal laughing.
• PC-9 is used for coma
• PC-8 for phlegm stagnated in the Pericardium, and epilepsy.
Heart and Chest Problems

• PC-6 is used for any kind of heart and chest problems, such as heart pain and stuffiness in the chest.
• PC-5 is used for heart pain and difficulty to speak.
• PC-7 is used for stiffness and pain in the chest.
• PC-8 is used for chest pain caused by Phlegm-Fire.
Dermatological Diseases
• PC-4 is used for skin infections.
• PC-7 is used for itchiness of the skin.
• PC-8 is used for ulcers in the mouth or on the tongue, and swelling of the gums.
43
Blood Symptoms
• PC-4 is used for spitting of blood, and epistaxis.
• PC-6 is used for a cracked tongue with bleeding.
• PC-8 is used for any bleeding related to Heat syndromes.
Stomach Problems
• PC-6 is effective to any kind of Stomach and intestine problems.
• PC-7 is used for vomiting with clear salivation.
• PC-5 is used for dry vomiting
• PC-8 is used for foul, severe vomiting.
Hand Shao Yang Meridian of the Triple Warmer

The main point indications of the Triple Warmer meridian are diseases of the ears, eyes, hearing, chest,
hypochondriac area and throat, febrile diseases, as well as diseases in the regions along the meridian.
Five Sense Diseases

• TW-1, TW-2 and TW-16 are used for sudden loss of hearing.
• TW-3, TW-4, TW-5, TW-6, and TW-17 are used for deafness or tinnitus.
• TW-21 is used for high-pitched ringing in the ear and water in the ear.
• TW-1 and TW-6 are used for red eyes.
• TW-2 is used for swelling and pain of the eye and with more tearing.
• TW-3 is used for eye pain.
• TW-2 is used for toothache.
• TW-1 and TW-16 are effective for sore throat.
• TW-6 and TW-8 are used for sudden loss of voice.
• TW-16 is used for sinusitis.

• TW-1 is used for headache, dizziness and cheek pain.
• TW-3 is used for temporal headache.
• TW-11 is used for headache with a cold sensation
• TW-17 is used for facial paralysis.
Mental Disorders
• TW-2 is used for mental disorders of the hyperactivity type.
• TW-7 is used for epilepsy
• TW-19 is used for infantile convulsion.
44
Febrile Diseases
• TW-1 is used for febrile disease in coma.
• TW-3 and TW-6 is used for febrile disease without sweating.
• TW-5 is used for febrile diseases with alternative hot and cold sensations.
Foot Shao Yang Meridian of the Gall Bladder

The points located in the Gall Bladder meridian are commonly used for head, eye, ear, throat, and mental
problems, as well as diseases in the regions along the meridian.

• GB-20 is used for any kind of head and face problem.
• GB-2 used for ear problems and toothache.
• GB-3 is used for ringing in the ear, and temporal headache.
• GB-4 and GB-5 are used for migraine headache.
• GB-12 is used for stiff neck and facial paralysis.
• GB-16 and GB-37 are used for eye problems.
• GB-45 is used for deafness and severe headache.
Mental Disorders
• GB-38, GB-12, GB-18 and GB-9 are used for epilepsy.
• GB-13 is used for epilepsy with coma
• GB-45 is used for nightmares.
Liver and Gall Bladder Problems

• GB-23 and GB-24 are used for distention and a painful sensation on the hypochondriac region, as well as
jaundice.
• GB-34 is effective for bloating and distending pain in the hypochondriac and abdominal area with nausea,
poor appetite, jaundice or even severe pain in the Gall Bladder.
Gynecology Problems
• GB-20 is used for difficult labor and mastitis.
• GB-26 is used for morbid leukorrhea and irregular menstruation.
• GB-24 is used for profuse bleeding during the menstruation.
Muscle and Tendon Problems

• GB-20 is used for facial paralysis and stiff neck.
• GB-21 is used for stiff neck, back and shoulder pain.
• GB-29 and GB-30 are effective to treat lower back and leg pain as well as Bi syndrome and paralysis.
• GB-34 is used for tendon problems anywhere in the body and lower extremity pain, paralysis, and
numbness.
45
• GB-31 is used for numb and tingling sensations on the lower leg.
• GB-39 is used for pain and weak sensations on the leg and foot.
Foot Jue Yin Meridian of the Liver

The Liver meridian is mainly used for diseases of the Liver and other Zang organs, gynecological diseases,
external genitalia problems and diseases in the regions along the meridian.
Liver and Gall Bladder Problems

• LV-1 is used for hernia, infantile epilepsy, prolapsed uterus, and pain in the genital area.
• LV-2 is used for hernia, chest, and hypochondriac pain, ease to anger, headache, dizziness and vertigo,
epilepsy, and acute convulsion.
• LV-3 is used for epilepsy, hernia, eye problems and pain in the genital area.
• LV-6 is used for metrorrhagia.
• LV-13 is used for those with a tendency to anger easily, and pain in the chest and coastal region.
• LV-14 is used for hypochondriac pain and acid regurgitation.
Heart Diseases
• LV-1 is used for coma and heart pain.
• LV-2 is used for heart pain and blood tinged vomiting.
• LV-8 is used for insomnia and epilepsy.
Lung Diseases
• LV-2 is used for cough with rebellion of Qi and body fever.
• LV-3 is used for sore and dry throat.
• LV-4 is used for dry throat and aversion to cold.
• LV-13 is used for cough with shortness of breath.
Spleen Problems
• LV-1 is used for over sleep due to Spleen Qi deficiency and also treats metrorrhagia.
• LV-2 is used for diarrhea or loose stool, and abdominal bloating.
• LV-3 is used for edema, jaundice, and diarrhea.
• LV-6 is used for Intestinal deficiency.
• LV-13 is used for borborygmus and abdominal bloating, poor digestion, lassitude, and jaundice.
Kidney Problems
• LV-1 is used for slow bowel movement.
• LV-3 is used for bed-wetting or retention of urine, as well as edema of the foot, and low sexual ability in
men.
• LV-8 is used for irregular urine, itchiness in the genital area, and prolapsed uterus.
• LV-13 is used for cloudy urine and back pain due to deficiency.
46
Governing Vessel
The Governing Vessel treats mental diseases, febrile diseases, local diseases of lumbosacral region, back,
head and neck, and the corresponding spinal vertebre:
• L-2 to S-5 are used for lower abdomen, urine, and reproductive system problems
• T-7 to L-2 are used for Middle Warmer problems related to Liver, Gall Bladder, Spleen and Stomach
problems
• T-2 to T-7 are used for Upper Warmer problems related to Heart, Lung, upper extremity and mental
diseases.
• GV-13 and GV-14 are used for Heat diseases caused by Pathogenic Influence.
• GV-15 to GV-20 are used for Interior and Exterior Wind problems.
• GV-20 to GV-24 are used for mental problems.
• GV- 25 and Gv.26 are used for emergency situations.
Conception Vessel
The points located in Conception Vessel are used for local diseases of the abdomen, chest, neck, head and
face, and diseases of the corresponding internal organs. A few points of this meridian have reinforcing effects and
can be used to treat mental diseases.
The points located below the navel:
• CV-3 is used for urine problems
• CV-4 is used for the Zang organ deficiencies and gynecological problems.
• CV-5 is used for Triple Warmer problems
• CV-6 is used for any kind of Qi problem such as: Qi deficiency and Qi stagnation.
• CV-8 is used with moxibustion for abdominal pain and vomiting or diarrhea due to Yang Qi deficiency.
Upper abdomen points:
• CV-9 is used for edema and irregular urine
• CV-12 is used for Spleen and Stomach problems
• CV-14 is used for Heart diseases
• CV-15 is used for epilepsy
Points located in the chest area:
• Treat Heart and Lung diseases such as: stuffy sensation in the chest, heart palpitations, chest pain, shortness
of breath, cough, etc.
• CV-17 regulates the Qi and also can help to increase a mother’s milk production.
Points located on the neck and face:
• CV-22 is used for asthma, cough, and Plum-pit Qi
• CV-23 is used for sore throat and stiffness of the tongue due to stroke
• CV-24 is used for facial paralysis with salivation
47
BASIC CONCEPT OF ACUPUNCTURE POINTS
The Classification of Points

Acupuncture points are the sites through which the Qi of the Zang Fu and channels is transported to the
body surface. Acupuncture points fall roughly into three categories: the14 main meridian points, the extra-points,
and Ah Shi points. These are described as follows:
Fourteen Main Meridian Points:
These points are distributed along the twelve regular meridians as well as the Governing and Conception
meridians and make up the majority of acupuncture points. They have regular locations and regular names
pertaining to the meridians.
Extra-points:
These are points with regular names and regular locations but do not belong to the 14 regular meridians.
There have specific indications for the treatment of certain diseases.
Ah Shi Points:
They have no specific names or definite locations. These tender spots and other sensitive areas are places
for needling and moxibustion.
Treatment Effects of Acupuncture Points

The therapeutic properties of acupuncture points manifest themselves in the following three aspects.
Local and adjacent therapeutic properties:
All the points in the body share common features in terms of their therapeutic properties. Each point
located on a particular site is able to treat disorders of this area and nearby tissues and organs.
Distant therapeutic properties:
These are the basic therapeutic properties of the points along the 14 meridians. The points of the 14
meridians, especially those of the 12 regular meridians, are located below the elbow and knee joints. They
are effective not only for local disorders, but also for disorders of the tissues and Zang Fu, as far as the
course of their pertaining meridians can reach. Some even have systemic therapeutic properties. For
example, ST-36 (Zu San Li) not only treats problems of the lower extremities, but also regulates the whole
digestive system and can even increase the body’s energy and immunity.
Special therapeutic properties:
Needling certain special points may bring forth biphasic beneficial regulation on a variety of functional
abnormalities of the body. For instance, needling ST-25 relieves both diarrhea and constipation. In
addition, the therapeutic properties of some points show relative specificity, e.g. GV-14 has an antipyretic
effect, and BL-67 helps correct the mal-position of a fetus.
48
Point Selection
POINT SELECTION
Selection of Local and Adjacent Points

There is a method of selecting acupuncture points locally or adjacent to the diseased area, and it’s usually
applied for head or body problems. There are two techniques used in the clinic:
Local Ah Shi points:
Palpate the local area of the disorder and look for two different reactions to take place: pain from the
pressure, or pain reduced by the pressure. Both provide reactions of good local Ah Shi points.
Adjacent points:
This is a point, which is nearby the organs or tissue area of the disorder. Usually, they are along the 14
regular meridian points. Examples are BL-1, ST-1 and GB-1 for eye problems. CV-12, BL-21, and ST-20
are good adjacent points for Stomach pains.
Selection of Distal Points

This is the method of treating diseases by using areas quite distant to the diseased area. Distant points are
far from the diseased area that are related to the affected area either directly or indirectly through the meridian
system.
Selecting points following the diseased meridian:
ST-36, for example, treats Stomach pain, as it is located on the Stomach meridian as well as being the
Stomach meridian’s special Lower He-sea point.
Selecting points according to the external and internal relationship:
GB-37 treats eye problems as the eyes are seen as the window of the Liver, and the Gall Bladder and Liver
have an internal-external relationship.
Selecting points according to the Zang-Fu diagnosis:
GV-20, for example, treats prolapsed rectum or uterus because it is located in the Governing meridian and
can lift up the prolapsed Qi.
Selecting points following the same name meridian:
Treat the disease of the body’s left side with points from the right and disease of the right side of the body
with points from the left along the same meridian. The bilateral meridian is full of the same Qi and blood.
Those are described in the Classical Book, the “Nei Jing,” as Ju Ci and Liao Ci.
Selecting points according to the special acupuncture technique:
Ear or scalp acupuncture, for example, treats organ disorders or other disharmonies in any area of the body
because it is one kind of special acupuncture technique belonging to one kind of micro-system. The four
extremities and head points treat organ disorders in such a fashion as well.
49
APPLICATIONS OF SPECIAL ACUPUNCTURE POINTS

Special points refer to those of the 14 regular meridians that have specific therapeutic properties. They have
their special names given according to their different indications and functions.
Application of the Five-Shu Points

These are five points on each of the twelve regular meridians, namely the Jing-Well point, the Ying-Spring point,
the Shu-Stream point, the Jing-River point, and the He-Sea point.
• Jing-well points treat symptoms of fullness in the epigastric region, which is caused by Liver Qi stagnation
failing in controlling the flow of Qi, or attacking the Stomach and Spleen. Sometimes it’s commonly used
for unconsciousness or mental disorders that are due to stagnation in the Heart.
• Ying-spring points treat body Heat and fever, or Interior Heat due to Heart Fire flaming up.
• Shu-stream points treat heaviness and joint pain caused by the Spleen’s failure to transport and transform,
leading to stagnation of the retained water in the body and muscles.
• Jing-river points treat Dyspnea, cough and alternating cold and heat caused by the Lung’s failing in
ascending and descending and all other meridians problems.
• He-sea points treat all the organ problems, and the adverse flowing and leaking of the Qi caused by the
Kidney’s failure to hold or retain the Qi.
The Five Shu points are located below the knee and elbow joints and are very often used to treat symptoms
throughout the whole body, as well as local areas. In the ancient times, most treatments applied the Five Phase
Theory, utilizing the Five Shu-transporting points. The main techniques are as follows:
Reinforcing the mother and reducing the son on the same meridian:
For example, if the Lung meridian is Excess, reduce LU-5 (Water is the son of Metal—the water point on
the Metal meridian). If Deficient, reinforce LU-9 (Earth is the mother of Metal—the Earth point on the
Metal meridian.)
Reinforcing and reducing techniques on the mother and son related meridians:
There are two techniques in this relationship. First, for example, if the Lung is Deficient, select the mother
meridian (the Spleen) of the Lung and choose the mother point on the mother meridian—SP-3 (Earth point
on the earth meridian) and apply a reinforcing needle technique. Otherwise, select the mother point on the
Exteriorly and Interiorly related meridian (LI-11, the Earth point on the LI channel) and apply a reinforcing
needle technique.
The Five Shu Points of the Yin Meridians
Meridian Jing-Well Ying-Spring Shu-Stream Jing-River He-Sea
Wood Fire Earth Metal Water
Lung LU-11 LU-10 LU-9 LU-8 LU-5
Pericardium PC-9 PC-8 PC-7 PC-5 PC-3
Heart HT-9 HT-8 HT-7 HT-4 HT-3
Spleen SP-1 SP-2 SP-3 SP-5 SP-9
Liver LV-1 LV-2 LV-3 LV-4 LV-8
Kidney KI-1 KI-2 KI-3 KI-7 KI-10
50
Point Selection
The Five Shu Points of the Yang Meridians

Meridian Jing-Well Ying-Spring Shu-Stream Jing-River He-Sea
Wood Fire Earth Metal Water
Large Intestine LI-1 LI-2 LI-3 LI-5 LI-11
Triple Warmer TW-1 TW-2 TW-3 TW-6 TW-10
Small Intestine SI-1 SI-2 SI-3 SI-5 SI-8
Stomach ST-45 ST-44 ST-43 ST-41 ST-36
Gall Bladder GB-44 GB-43 GB-41 GB-38 GB-34
Bladder BL-67 BL-66 BL-65 BL-60 BL-40
Applications of the Five Shu Points with the Seasons

Season Layer of the Body Qi Selection of Points
Summer Superficial Layer Jing-Well
Spring Ying-Spring
Fall Deep Layer Shu-Stream
Winter He-Sea
Application of the Yuan-Source Points

Yuan points can be found in both Yin and Yang meridians. The twelve Yuan-Source points are used for
organ disorders. The Nei Jing says: “when organs are diseased, apply the 12 Yuan points.”
The Twelve Yuan-Source Points

Yin Meridians Yuan-Source Yang Meridians Yuan-Source
Points Points
Lung LU-9 Large Intestine LI-4
Heart HT-7 Small Intestine SI-4
Pericardium PC-7 Triple Warmer TW-4
Spleen SP-3 Stomach ST-42
Kidney KI-3 Bladder BL-64
Liver LV-3 Gall Bladder GB-40
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Yuan and Luo Point Prescriptions:

This treats disease in both Exterior and Interior related meridians. The Yuan point addresses the disease as
the main point and the Luo point as supplemental point. For example, the patient has the Lung meridian
symptoms such as: cough, asthma, shortness and breath and fullness sensation in the chest. At the same
time, he has some Large Intestine meridian symptoms such as: fever, headache, abdominal bloating,
borborygmus, and irregular bowel movements. The LU-9 (Lung meridian Yuan point) will be used with the
LI-6 (Large Intestine meridian Luo point).
This prescription also addresses problems in one meridian only, when the patients with weak body
constitutions. For example, use LU-9 (Lung Yuan source point) with reinforcing technique and LU-7 (Lung
Luo connecting point) with a reducing technique to treat chronic cough with shortness of breath and stuffy
sensation in the chest.
Yuan and Back-Shu Point Prescriptions:
This is commonly used for the treatment of organ disorders. For instance, LV-3 (Yuan point of Liver
meridian) and BL-18 (Back Shu point of Liver) as the group can soothe the Liver and regulate the
stagnation of the Qi. It is very effective for Liver stagnation, resulting in: abdominal distention and
distending sensation in the chest and hypochondriac region, a bitter taste in the mouth, a tendency for
anger, headache, insomnia and nausea.
Yuan and He-sea Point or Lower-He-sea Point Prescriptions:

There are different techniques in order to apply this in a clinical situation.
Selecting points according to the Exterior and Interior relationship of their meridians.
For example, choice SP-3 (Yuan point of Spleen meridian) and ST-36 (He-sea point of Stomach
meridian) can treat anorexia, nausea, vomiting or diarrhea whish caused by disharmony of Spleen
and Stomach. On the other hand, select LU-9 (Yuan point of Lung meridian) and ST-37 (Lowers-
He-sea point of Large intestine) to treat constipation that in this case is caused by the result of a
cold or flue like symptom.
Which will increases the body temperature and decreases the body fluids in the intestinal tract
causing the drying of bodily waste. This is prescription of Yuan and Lower-He Sea point.
There were two sentences to describe He-sea and Source Yuan point combination in the Nei Jing,
“The He-sea treats organ diseases, and when the disease is in the organs, use the Source Yuan
point.” Which means both of the Yuan and He-sea points can treat organ disorders. For instance
LI-4 (Yuan point of Large Intestine meridian) and LI-11 (He-sea point of large intestine) can treat
wind heat symptoms, such as high fever, headache, and sore throat.
Selecting points according to organ diagnosis.
For example, LV-3 (Yuan point of liver meridian) and ST-36 (He-sea point of Stomach meridian)
can treat the syndrome of liver Qi attacks Stomach, such as: abdomen bloating, pain sensation on
the epigastric region, nausea, vomiting and poor appetite or diarrhea.
52
Point Selection
Application of the Luo-Connecting Points

Luo points are usually used for the treatment of both Exterior and Interior related meridians, because of its
connection function. For example, ST-40 (Luo-connecting point of Stomach meridian) can treat not only the
disease of the Stomach meridian, but also those of the Spleen meridian. On the other hand, TCM thinks long term
or chronic diseases often transfer to Luo meridians, where there are a lot small Luo Mai (including Blood Luo) in
each organ and tissues that become stagnated after long term disease developed from Blood stagnation inside of the
organ or tissues. So the Luo Meridian can treat chronic diseases is an advanced technique in TCM.
The Fifteen Luo-Connecting Points

Meridian Luo-Point Meridian Luo-Point
Lung LU-7 Pericardium PC-6
Large Intestine LI-5 Triple Warmer TW-5
Stomach ST-40 Gall Bladder GB-37
Spleen SP-4 Liver LV-5
Heart HT-5 Conception Vessel CV-1
Small Intestine SI-7 Governing Vessel GV-1
Bladder BL-58 Major Spleen SP-21
Kidney KI-4
Application of Back-Shu and Front-Mu Points

The Back-Shu and Front-Mu points are the sites at which the Qi of the Zang-Fu are concentrated. The
Back-Shu points are mainly used to treat the problems of the Five Zang-organs. Nan Jing Chapter 67 says: “Needle
the Yang (Back-Shu points) to treat the Yin diseases.
Because those points are on the Yang side of the body, Back Shu points are located on the Bladder Meridian of the
Foot Tai Yang, bilateral to the spinal column on the back. Most of them are situated close to their respective Zang-
Fu. So the Back Shu points present abnormal reactions, such as tenderness, burning or painful sensations,
representing the dysfunction of their corresponding Zang-Fu. They are very significant in the diagnosis and
treatment of the disorders corresponding to the Zang-Fu. For instance, BL-18 can treat some symptoms that are
caused by dysfunction of the Liver organ, such as: Liver Qi stagnation, Liver Yang rising, or Liver Blood deficiency.
The Twelve Back Shu Points

Yin Back-Shu Yang Back-Shu
Organs Points Bowels Points
Lung BL-13 Large Intestine BL-25
Heart BL-15 Small Intestine BL-27
Pericardium BL-14 Triple Warmer BL-22
Spleen BL-20 Stomach BL-21
Liver BL-18 Gall Bladder BL-19
Kidney BL-23 Bladder BL-28
53
The Twelve Front-Mu Points

Yin Front-Mu Yang Front-Mu
Organs Points Bowels Points
Lung LU-1 Large Intestine ST-25
Heart CV-14 Small Intestine CV-4
Pericardium CV-17 Triple Warmer CV-5
Spleen LV-13 Stomach CV-12
Liver LV-14 Gall Bladder GB-24
Kidney GB-25 Bladder CV-3
The Front-Mu points are mainly used to treat problems of the six Fu-bowels. They are located close to
their corresponding bowels. There are some abnormal reactions during meridian palpation, such as tenderness and
pain often in its corresponding Front-Mu point if the bowel is diseased. Nan Jing Chapter 67 says: “Yang disease,
treat the Yin side.” This means to treat the Yang Fu-bowels disease by using the Front-Mu points. For instance,
epigastric pain is very commonly treated by CV-12 (Front-Mu point of Stomach). Bowel movement problems and
urinary problems are commonly treated using CV-3 and ST-25 (Front-Mu point of the Large Intestine and Urinary
Bladder).
Besides treating the Six Fu-bowels using the Front Mu points, it is very common to use it in combination with other
points such as the Back Shu points and the Six Lower He-sea points (Xia He Xue).
Front-Mu and Back Shu Point Prescriptions:

This is often called Yin and Yang Combination Prescriptions. There are two techniques applied in the clinic:
One is used for a single Zang or Fu problem, for example, for the treatment of Spleen deficiency with
abdominal bloating, lassitude, loose stool and pain reflected to the middle of the back. Needle BL-20 first
then needle LV-13. This is a typical case of using a Front-Mu and Back-Shu point prescription.
Treating related organs after diagnosis is the other method frequently used in the clinic. For example, fore
retention of urine caused by Kidney Qi deficiency, needle the Front-Mu CV-3 first to move the Urinary
Bladder Qi and then needle BL-23 to warm the Kidney Qi. This technique is usually applied for Exterior
and Interior related meridians.
Front-Mu and Lower He-sea Point Prescriptions:
This combination is used for Six Fu-bowel Excess or Heat diseases. For example, when patients suffer
from severe Stomach pain caused by improper food intake, select CV-12 (Front-Mu of the Stomach)
combined with ST-36 (Lower He-sea of the Stomach meridian). When patients have bad Gall Bladder pain,
use GB-24 and GB-34 with a dispersive needle technique.
54
Point Selection
Application of Lower He-Sea Points—Xia He Xue

The application of the Lower He-Sea points is mainly used for the Six Fu-bowel problems. In the Nei Jing it
states, “ The He-Sea points can treat the disorders of Six Fu-bowels.” According to this theory, the Lower He-sea
points are selected to treat the diseases of their respective Fu-bowels. For example, BL-40 (Lower He-sea point of
Urinary Bladder) can be used to treat acute Urinary Tract Infection.
The Six Lower He-Sea Points

Six Bowels Stomach Large Intestine Small Intestine Gall Bladder Bladder Triple Warmer
Points ST-36 ST-37 ST-39 GB-34 BL-40 BL-39
Application of the Sixteen Xi-Cleft Points

Each of the 12 regular meridians has one Xi (Cleft) point. In addition, within the 8 extra meridians, only the
Yin Wei, Yang Wei, Yang Qiao and Yin Qiao meridians have their own Xi (Cleft) point. Totally, there are 16 Xi
(Cleft) points. The Xi (Cleft) points are used primarily in the treatment of acute diseases appearing in their
corresponding meridians, organs, and bowels.
Xi (Cleft) points in the Yin meridians are mainly used for treating Blood syndromes and in the Yang
meridians they are used to treat acute pain syndromes. For instance, LU-6 is effective to hemoptysis or vomiting of
blood, KI-5 commonly treats irregular menstruation, ST-34 is mainly used for acute Stomach pain, and SI-6 is
effective for acute lower back pain. The Xi (Cleft) point can be singly selected or combined with other points. For
example, ST-34 (Stomach meridian Xi-cleft point) and CV-12 (Front-Mu point) are effective in the treatment of
acute Stomach pain.
The Sixteen Xi-Cleft Points

Meridians Points Meridians Points
Lung LU-9 Small Intestine SI-6
Pericardium PC-4 Gall Bladder GB-36
Heart HT-6 Bladder BL-63
Kidney KI-5 Triple Warmer TW-7
Liver LV-6 Yin Wei KI-9
Spleen SP-8 Yang Wei GB-35
Stomach ST-34 Yin Qiao KI-8
Large Intestine LI-7 Yang Qiao BL-59
55
Application of the Eight Influential Points

The Eight Influential Points refer to eight specific points at which the vital essence of the Zang, Fu, Qi,
Blood, Tendons, Pulse/Vessels, Bone and Marrow are concentrated. In clinical application, their respective
influential points may treat all the diseases related to these eight aspects.
The Eight Influential Points

Eight Influences Points Specific Points
Zang LV-13 Front-Mu of Spleen
Fu CV-12 Front-Mu of Stomach
Qi CV-17 Front-Mu of Pericardium
Blood BL-17 Bladder Meridian
Tendon GB-34 Lower He-Sea of Gall Bladder
Pulse LU-9 Source Point of the Lung
Bone BL-11 Bladder Meridian
Marrow GB-39 Gall Bladder Meridian
Indications of the Eight Influential Points

Influential Point of the Zang Organs: LV-13.
Used for abdominal bloating, borborygmus, hypochondriac pain, masses in the abdomen, cold and painful
sensations in the lower back and spinal region, frequent cloudy white urine, and any kind of organ disease,
particularly for treating disorders of the Liver and Spleen.
Influential Point of the Fu Bowels: CV-12.
Used for abdominal bloating, Stomach pain and poor appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, dysentery, jaundice,
particularly for digestion system problems such as Stomach, Large Intestine and Small Intestine diseases.
Influential Point of the Qi: CV-17.
Used for treating stuffiness in the chest or chest pain, cough, shortness of breath, hiccup, rebellious of the
Qi, and other Qi problems. It’s very often used with other points in the clinic. For example, apply CV-17
with CV-12 for vomiting, with PC-6 for angina, with BL-13 for asthma, and with SI-1 for lack of milk after
labor.
Influential point of Blood: BL-17.
Used for any kind of Blood problems such as anemia, dizziness, etc. It is very effective for anemic patients,
for bleeding in accordance with BL-20, for GYN problems with BL-23, and for Heart Blood stagnation, or
chest pain with BL-14.
Influential point of Tendons: GB-34.
Used to treat paralysis, contraction, and numb sensations on the lower extremities. It is also effective for
some Gall Bladder and Liver problems such as: distension and distending sensation on the chest and
hypochondriac region, bitter taste in the mouth, vomiting, and lassitude.
Influential Point of Pulse-vessels: LU-9.
The Heart dominates the pulse and the Lung controls all of the pulse, this is why LU-9 is mainly used for
Heart and Lung organ problems such as: Chest Bi syndrome, Heart disease, choppy pulse, cough and
asthma.
56
Point Selection
Influential Point of the Bones: BL-11.

Used for stiffness and painful sensations on the neck and shoulder area, back pain, and difficult movement,
heavy sensation in the head, and problems in the scapular region. It is also effective for Pathogenic
Influences such as: fever, headache, and cough.
Influential Point of the Marrow: GB-39.
Used for Wind stroke, dysfunction of the four extremities, muscle and bone problems. Also use GB-39
with moxibustion technique to be able to prevent Wind stroke because in Traditional Chinese Medicine, it is
said that the brain is the Sea of Marrow.
Nan Jing chapter 45 says: “ Interior Heat disease, select the Influential points.” For example, to treat
constipation caused by Interior Heat and damage of the Large Intestine fluids, use CV-12 with ST-25. And when
treating Liver Yang rising in a patient with red complexion and hypochondriac pain, select GB-34 with LV-3.
Application of the Eight Confluence Points

The Eight Confluence Points refer to the eight special points where the eight extra meridians communicate
with the twelve regular meridians. All of them are distributed on the areas superior and inferior to the wrist joint
and ankle joints. They are all regular twelve meridian points and also they all connect to the eight extra meridians.
That is why they not only treat twelve regular meridian problems, but also treat the eight extra meridian problems.
The Eight Confluence Points

Eight Meridians Points Indications
Chong-mai SP-4 Heart, chest, Stomach, Liver, or Spleen diseases
Yin Wei PC-6
Dai-mai GB-41 Outer canthus, ears, neck, nape, side of the body, and alternation of cold and heat
Yang Wei TW-5
Governing Vessel SI-3 Inner canthus, ears, neck, scapula, back, fever, and aversion to cold.
Yang Qiao BL-62
Conception LU-7 Chest, Lung, throat, diaphragm, Liver, Kidney, and Interior Heat due to Yin
Vessel Deficiency
Yin Qiao KI-6
Single Point Technique:

SP-4 communicates with the Chong Mai, in order to treat both Spleen and Chong Mai problems such as
irregular menstruation with loose stool, poor appetite, and a weak sensation in four extremities and body.
Combination Point Technique:
Choose a group of special confluence points, each one from the upper and lower extremities. For example,
SP-4 and PC-6 as a group prescription to treat Stomach, Heart and chest problems; TW-5 and GB-41 as a
group prescription to treat diseases which are located on outer canthus, face, shoulder, and also for
alternating cold and hot sensations.
57
Application of Crossing-Meeting Points

Crossing points refer to a single point where two or more meridians intersect. Most of them are distributed
on the head, face and body. They are used to treat disorders related with more than one meridian.
Crossing Points
Meridians Points Crossing Meridians
Hand Taiyin Lung LU-1 LU & SP
Hand Yangming Large Intestine LI-14 LI-SI-BL-Yang Wei

LI-15 LI-TW-SI-Yang Qiao
LI-16 LI-Yang Qiao
LI-20 LI-ST
Foot Yangming Stomach ST-1 ST-Yang Qiao-CV

ST-3 ST-LI-Yang Qiao
ST-4 ST-LI-Yang Qiao-CV
ST-6 ST-GB
ST-8 ST-GB-Yang Wei
ST-9 ST-GB
ST-30 ST-Cong Mai
Foot Taiyin Spleen SP-6 SP-LV-KI

SP-12 SP-LV-Yin Wei
SP-13 SP-LV-KI-ST-Yin Wei
SP-15 SP-Yin Wei
SP-16
Hand Taiyang Small Intestine SI-17 SI-TW

SI-10 SI-BL-Yang Wei-Yang Qiao
SI-12 SI-ST-GB-TW
SI-18 SI-TW
SI-19 SI-GB-TW
Foot Taiyang Bladder BL-1 BL-SI-GB-TW-ST-Yang Qiao

BL-11 BL-SI-GB-TW-GV
BL-12 BL-GV
BL-41 BL-SI
BL-31 BL-GB
BL-33 BL-GB-LV
BL-34
BL-59
BL-61 BL-Yang Qiao
BL-62
BL-63 BL-Yang Wei
58
Point Selection
Foot Shaoyin Kidney KI-6 KI-Yin Qiao

KI-8
KI-9 KI-Yin Wei
KI-11
KI-12
KI-13
KI-14
KI-15 KI-Cong Mai
KI-16 KI-Cong Mai
KI-17
KI-18
KI-19
KI-20
Hand Jueyin Pericardium PC-1 PC-TW-GB
Hand Shaoyang Triple Warmer TW-13 TW-LI-Yang Wei

TW-15 TW-GB-Yang Wei
TW-17 TW-GB
TW-20 TW-GB-LI-SI
TW-22 TW-GB-SI
TW-23 TW-GB
Foot Shaoyang Gall Bladder GB-1 GB-TW-SI

GB-2 GB-TW
GB-3 GB-TW-ST
GB-4
GB-5 GB-TW-LI
GB-6
GB-7
GB-8 GB-BL
GB-9
GB-10
GB-11 GB-TW-BL
GB-12 GB-BL
GB-13 GB-Yang Wei
GB-14 GB-TW-LI-Yang Wei & Yin Wei
GB-15 GB-BL-Yang Wei
GB-16
GB-17 GB-Yang Wei
GB-18
GB-19
GB-20 GB-TW-Yang Wei
GB-21 GB-TW-ST-Yang Wei
GB-22 GB-BL
GB-24 GB-SP-Yang Wei
GB-26
GB-27 GB-Dai Mai
GB-28
GB-29 GB-Yang Wei & Yang Qiao
GB-30 GB-BL-Yang Wei
GB-35 GB-Yang Wei
59
Foot Jueyin Liver LV-13 LV-GB-Dai Mai

LV-14 LV-SP-Yin Wei
Governing Vessel GV-1 GV-BL-GB-KI

GV-4 GV-Dai Mai
GV-13 GV-BL
GV-14 GV & all Six Yang Meridians
GV-15 GV-Yang Wei
GV-16 GV-BL-Yang Wei
GV-17 GV-BL
GV-20 GV-LV & all Six Yang Meridians
GV-24 GV-BL-ST
GV-26 GV-LI-ST
GV-28 GV-CV-ST
Conception Vessel CV-1 CV-GV-Cong Mai

CV-2 CV-LV
CV-3 CV & Three Foot Yin Meridians
CV-4 CV-Cong Mai-ST & Three Foot Yin Meridians
CV-7 CV-Cong Mai-KI
CV-10 CV-SP
CV-12 CV-ST-SI-TW
CV-13 CV-ST-SI
CV-17 CV-SP-KI-SI-TW
CV-22 CV-Yin Wei
CV-23
CV-24 CV-GV-LI-ST
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Commonly Used Acupuncture Points For Specific Indications
COMMONLY USED ACUPUNCTURE POINTS FOR SPECIFIC INDICATIONS

These effective acupuncture points are all selected from ancient prescriptions. Most of them are abstracted
from the Jing, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, and some of them from the classic books: Nei Jing and Nan Jing.
After a few thousand years, they all still play an important role in the acupuncture clinic and are still a service in
modern society.
Qi
Any kind of Qi problem:
Needle CV-6 or apply moxibustion, according to different symptoms.
Rebellious Qi:
LU-5, SP-5, SP-3, and SP-6 with a reducing needle technique.
Sighing with rebellious Qi:
LU-9, HT-7 with even movement needle technique.
Shortness of breath:
PC-7, LU-5 with a reducing needle technique for Excess types.
GV-12, BL-13, CV-8, BL-18, LU-10 with moxibustion for Deficiency types.
Weakness of Qi:
Use PC-5, HT-7, PC-7, HT-8, ST-36, LI-9, LV-2, KI-2, BL-67, BL-18, and CV-6 with needle or
moxibustion technique.
Stagnation of the Qi in the Stomach:
Use moxibustion on LV-3 and a reducing needle technique for HT-5 and ST-44.
Stagnation of the Qi in the lower abdomen with a Cold sensation:
Use direct moxibustion on CV-4 for 100 cones. (This means 100 cones as a treatment course-in ancient
books they described the treatment course of moxibustion as the number of cones. It could be separated
into 10 or 12 treatments with only 8 to 10 cones each treatment.)
Disturbance of the Qi in the Lungs:
Use even movement needle technique on LU-10 and KI-3.
Disturbance of the Qi in the Heart:
HT-7 and PC-7 with needle treatment.
Disturbance of the Qi in the Large intestine
SP-3, ST-43, ST-36 with even movement technique.
Disturbance of the Qi in the head:
BL-10, BL-11, BL-66, and BL-65 with a reducing needle technique.
Disturbance of the Qi in the limbs:
Use needle and moxibustion on LI-2, LI-3, ST-44, ST-43, TW-2, TW-3, GB-43, and GB-42.
61
Blood
Hematemesis, apostaxis, hematochezia:
Use needle and moxibustion technique on SP-1, PC-7, HT-7, and KI-3.
Continuing apostaxis:
GV-23, GV-24, and GV-14 with non-scarring direct moxibustion for 7 cones. Then, use a three-edged
needle and blood let ST-29. Current treatment entails needling LI-4, ST-44, ST-36 and KI-6 with a
reinforcing needle technique.
Hematemesis:
Needle GV-16, GV-14, CV-17, CV-12, CV-6, CV-3, and ST-36, then use moxibustion on PC-7.
Hematochezia:
Use direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-17 for 15 cones.
Cough with bleeding:
LU-7, ST-36, ST-14, BL-12, and Bai Lao with needle treatment.
Consumptive bleeding:
Use moxibustion on CV-12, BL-13, and ST-36.
Continuing hematochezia:
Use direct moxibustion on the GV-4 for 7 cones.
Body Fluids
Spontaneous sweating:
Needle LI-4 with a reducing needle technique followed by a reinforcing needle technique on KI-7.
Less or no sweat:
Needle LI-4 with a reinforcing needle technique followed by a reducing needle technique on KI-7.
Night sweats:
HT-6, LV-10, PC-5, CV-3, and CV-6 with an even movement needle technique.
Continuing night sweats:
Needle HT-6 with a reducing needle technique.
Consumptive night sweats:
BL-13, and Bai Lao with a reinforcing needle technique.
Lack of sweat during the cold:
Needle LI-4, KI-7 with a reducing needle technique.
Any kind of phlegm:
Needle ST-40, and CV-12.
Phlegm stagnation in the chest with vomiting:
CV-15, ST-36, GB-28, LV-4, and BL-21 with a reducing needle technique.
Phlegm retention:
Apply moxibustion on BL-43 as much as possible.
Water retention with whole body swelling:
LI-11, LI-4, ST-36, ST-44, LV-2, and SP-6 with a reducing needle technique.
62
Water retention on the four extremities and face:

KI-6, GV-26, LI-4, ST-36, GB-39, LI-11, CV-12, SI-4, BL-20, BL-21, and SP-6 with a reducing needle
technique.
Water retention in the abdominal region:
BL-21, BL-20, BL-25, BL-28, CV-9, CV-12, and ST-36 with a reducing needle technique.
Water retention with Qi stagnation:
Needle KI-7 with a reducing needle technique and CV-8 with moxibustion.
Water retention on the four extremities, chest, and abdomen:
Use indirect moxibustion on CV-9, and CV-6 for a total of 100 cones during one course treatment.
Shen-Spirit, Sleep, and Dreams

Weakness of the Shen:
Use moxibustion on CV-4, BL-43.
Easily frightened:
KI-2, PC-6, SP-6, GB-43, and LV-2 with a reinforcing needle technique and moxibustion.
Poor memory:
LU-7, BL-15, CV-12, ST-36, SI-8, and GV-20 with a reinforcing needle technique and moxibustion.
Loss of Shen:
HT-7, PC-9, CV-16, GV-20, SI-3, KI-4, and Gui Yan with a reducing needle technique and moxibustion.
Mental disorders:
CV-15, SI-3, KI-1, BL-15, GB-35, ST-36, LV-3, PC-8, CV-11 with a reducing needle technique.
Madness and insanity:
ST-40, LV-14, LI-6, BL-66, KI-9, SI-5, SI-3, KI-10 with a reducing needle technique, and PC-5 with direct
non-scarring moxibustion for 30 cones and ST-25 with 20 cones.
Mental disorder with laughing:
HT-7, PC-6, CV-16, and ST-40 with a reducing needle technique.
Epilepsy:
BL-62 for epilepsy during the day and KI-6 for epilepsy appearing at night, with direct moxibustion for 14
cones followed by moxa on GV-20 and GB-20.
Insomnia due to fright:
CV-5 with a reducing needle technique
Insomnia from restlessness:
HT-6 with a reducing needle technique
Heaviness in the body with somnolence:
Using non-scarring moxibustion for 1 cone on the distal interphalangeal joint of ring finger.
Insomnia due to Cold stagnation in the Gallbladder:
Use an even movement needle technique on the GB-44, then use moxa-pole for 20 minutes.
Nightmares:
HT-7, BL-15, and ST-44 with a reducing needle technique.
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Voice and Speech

Sudden loss of voice with asthma:
LI-18, and Cv-23 with reducing needle technique.
Sudden loss of voice:
CV-22, LI-4, GB-36, Li-17, LV-14, TW-6, and KI-1 with a reducing needle technique.
Sudden loss of voice from stagnation of Phlegm:
ST-40 using a reducing needle technique.
Sudden loss of voice with rebellious Qi and a stagnated sensation:
KI-6 using a reducing needle technique.
External Genitalia and Urination

Hernia of the Cold type with abdominal pain:
Use moxibustion on ST-33, KI-3, and BL-18.
Any kind of hernia:
Needle or use moxibustion on LV-1, LV-2, LV-3, LV-5, LV-4, ST-21, CV-4, CV-9, SP-6, and ST-36. (Use
direct moxibustion on CV-4 and LV-1 for 7 cones).
Hernia with painful and swollen testicles:
Needle or use moxibustion on LV-5, LV-1, ST-33, KI-6, ST-38, and BL-29.
Female hernia with lower abdominal pain:
Needle TW-10 with a reducing technique, followed by the moxa-pole on CV-6 and CV-3 for 20 minutes.
Contracting Penis:
Use direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-1, CV-4 for 10 cones, and then needle LV-4.
Frequent urination:
Use moxibustion on BL-23, CV-4.
External genitalia swollen:
Needle or use moxibustion on LV-8, KI-3, LV-1, BL-23, and SP-6.
Swollen and painful Penis:
Needle or use moxibustion on SP-9, LV-8, LV-2, LV-3, KI-10, Cv-3, SP-5, KI-3, and LV-1.
Seminal emission:
Use moxibustion on BL-23.
Urine retention or leakage:
Needle CV-4 with a reinforcing technique or use moxibustion.
Turbid urine:
Needle or use moxibustion on BL-23, CV-4, CV-3, and SP-6.
Stranguria caused by disordered Qi:
Needle SP-9 with a reducing technique.
Yellowish or reddish urine:
Use a reducing needle technique on SP-6, KI-3, BL-23, CV-6, BL-26, and CV-4.
Reddish urine:
PC-7 and CV-4 with a reducing needle technique.
64
Urine retention:
Use a reducing needle technique on KI-6, LV-1, BL-39, KI-4, LV-2, BL-40, SP-9, and CV-5.
Urine leaking:
Use a reinforcing needle technique on CV-4, SP-6, KI-10, SP-9, CV-6, and CV-3.
Stranguria caused by the passage of a urinary stone:
Use a reducing needle technique on CV-4, CV-6, and LV-1.
Hematuria:
Use a reducing needle technique on SP-9, CV-4, and ST-29.
Bed-wetting:
Use moxibustion and needles on SP-9, GB-34, LV-1, and CV-2 with.
Women with a painful sensation in the urinary tract:
Use a warming needle technique on SP-9.
Urine retention after labor:
CV-2 and CV-4 with moxibustion, or needle Ah Shi points (measure from Yin Tang to the tip of the nose,
then duplicate this distance from navel down).
Anus and Bowel Movement

Hemorrhoid pain:
Use needles or moxibustion on BL-57 and GV-1.
Swollen hemorrhoids:
Use needles or moxibustion on BL-56, BL-58, BL-40, BL-36, BL-2, CV-1, and SP-4.
Prolapsed anus:
Needle BL-25, GV-20, GV-1, GB-21, LI-4, and ST-29 with strong stimulation.
Hemorrhoids complicated by an anal fistula:
Use Fu Zi powder with vinegar to make a dime-size cake and put on the fistula.
Heat with a moxa-pole until the cake is dry, and then put on another one--5 cakes as one treatment, 10
treatments as a course.
Sudden severe diarrhea:
Use moxibustion and needles on SP-1.
Dysentery:
Use a reducing needle technique on LV-8, KI-3, LV-3, SP-4, BL-20, and BL-27.
Uncontrolled bowel movements:
Use moxibustion on BL-25 and CV-4.
Colitis:
Use direct non-scarring moxibustion on the tip of the tailbone for 100 cones as a treatment course.
Hemorrhoids with bleeding:
Use moxibustion on BL-57 and KI-7.
Chronic hemorrhoid:
Use needles or moxibustion on BL-57, GV-1, and Er Bai.
65
Watery diarrhea of the Cold type:

Use moxibustion on GV-14 for 5 cones.
Chronic and long-term diarrhea:
Use moxibustion on GV-20 for 7 cones each treatment.
Chronic dysentery:
Use moxibustion on ST-25 and CV-6.
Constipation:
Use a reducing needle technique on KI-6, TW-6, and SP-3.
Constipation:
Use even movement needle technique on LI-2, BL-57, SP-3, KI-4, ST-36, KI-1, BL-60, KI-6, LV-13, and
CV-6.
Constipation after labor:
Needle CV-6, ST-36, CV-4, SP-6, and KI-10 with an even movement needle technique.
Headache and Dizziness

Dizziness:
Select from GV-25, GV-24, GV-23, GV-21, GV-19, GB-19, GB-20, SI-5, SP-2, BL-67, BL-62, BL-65, and
ST-36 with needles or moxibustion.
Dizziness with an aversion to cold (patient always with hat particularly in the spring and summer):
Use needles or moxibustion on GV-20, GV-24, GB-20, and ST-40.
Migraine headache:
Needle TW-23, GB-20, LI-4, CV-12, ST-41, and ST-36.
Frontal headache:
Needle GV-20, GV-23, GV-24, Tai Yang, and LI-3 with a reducing technique.
Headache from Kidney Deficiency:
Apply moxibustion on CV-6 for 100 cones as a treatment course.
Wind in the head:
Use needles or moxibustion on GV-23, GV-21, GV-20, SI-5, TW-1, and BL-62.
Headache with a stiff neck and back:
First, needle CV-24 with a reinforcing technique, and then use a reducing technique. Recently, GV-16 has
been needled with a reducing needle technique.
Headache with reddish eyes and complexion:
Needle HT-5 and ST-41 with a reducing technique.
Occipital headache with neck and shoulder pain:
Use GV-16 with a reducing needle technique.
Occipital headache with neck pain:
Use GV-20, GV-19, and LI-4 with a reducing needle technique.
Eyebrow pain:
BL-2, LI-4, GV-23
66
The Methodology of Acupuncture Point Prescriptions
THE METHODOLOGY OF ACUPUNCTURE POINT PRESCRIPTIONS

The selection of which acupuncture points to be used for treatment is based on the theories of the channels
and collaterals, Zang-Fu, and modern medicine. Acupuncture prescriptions include one or more points, which are
selected according to the symptoms, the cause of the disease, the functions of the points, and their nature.
Selecting Point Prescriptions Acccording to Meridian Theory

Formulating an acupuncture point prescription according to the theory of the channels and collaterals is a
very common technique and widely used in acupuncture. There are several techniques listed below:
Prescriptions according to meridian distribution:
For example, LU-1, LU-5, and other points of the Lung meridian can make up a prescription for Lung
infection, this is known as prescription selection according to the pathway of the meridian.
Prescriptions according to the theory of same-name meridians:
There are a number of meridians that share the same name. These include Yang Ming, Tai Yang, Shao
Yang, Tai Yin, Shao Yin and Jue Yin. For example there are two Yang Ming meridians, the hand Yang Ming
meridian of Large intestine and the foot Yang Ming of Stomach. In the clinic particularly for Yang Ming
syndrome it’s better to select a point prescription from both Yang Ming meridians instead of one, for
example, both Yang Ming meridians are selected to treat Stomach and intestinal problems. LI-11 and ST-37
are used for acute gastritis, and LI-11 and ST-44 can reduce Yang Ming fever.
Prescriptions according to the theory of Exterior-Interior related meridians:
This technique is to select a point prescription from related meridians. For example, LU-5 and LI-4 as
prescription to treat a common cold with fever and aversion to cold.
Prescriptions according to the theory of root and branch:
Each meridian has a root and connection points that distribute most of the time in beginning and end of the
meridian. For example, for headache in the Tai Yang area, select BL-64, and BL-65 of the foot as the root,
BL-5 or BL-6 as a branch.
Prescriptions according to special point features:
There are a number of techniques that are based on the special features of specific points. These include:
the prescription of Yuan-source points and Luo-connecting points for meridian problems, the prescription
of Front-Mu and Back-Shu for organ disorders, the prescription of Back-Shu” and Lower He-sea points for
Fu-bowel problems, the prescription Front-Mu and Xi-cleft for acute organ problems including the meeting
points, the Eight Confluence points and the Eight Influential points. These techniques are used in the case
of special diseases.
Selecting Point Prescriptions According to the Theory of the Zang-Fu

This technique is designed according to the physiology and pathology of the organs and takes into account
other theory of organs such as: Yin Yang, Five phases, Qi, Blood and body fluid.
Making prescription according to local and distal reaction point:
When an organ suffers from some disease, most of the time the symptoms appear in both a local and
distant area. For example, LV-13, LV-2, and TW-6 are used to treat hypochondriac pain, which is caused by
Liver Yin Deficiency.
Making prescription according to theory of Organ’s physiology:
TCM theory views the body as an integrated whole. According to this theory, each organ has a special
relationship with others. This is why in an acupuncture treatment when one organ suffers from some
disease, often the practitioner will select points of other relative organs for help. For example, reinforcing
liver blood to treat dry eyes or other eye problems, reinforcement of the Lung to treat sinusitis, and building
up Kidney Qi to treat retention of urine. KI-6 and HT-7 treat insomnia caused by miscommunication
between heart fire and Kidney water.
67
Making prescription according to theory of Organ’s pathology:

Acupuncture treatment and prescription selection should follow the symptoms of the organ’s pathology.
For example, when liver Qi stagnation attacks the Spleen we use the four gates and SP-4 as a prescription to
open stagnation of liver Qi and reinforcing Spleen Qi.
Making prescription according to theory of five phases:
This technique selects a prescription according to five phases theory. The practitioner selects points from
60 special “Shu” point on the twelve regular meridians. This prescription will balance the relationship
between the meridians and the organs. For example, select Lu.9 to build up Lung Qi in cases of Lung Qi
deficiency.
Selecting Point Prescriptions According to the Theory of Modern Medicine

This technique refers to the selection of treatment points according to the theory of anatomy and
physiology and other modern medical theories. With the progressive integration of western and oriental medicine,
more and more acupuncture techniques combine these two medical disciplines. Examples of these modern
integrated techniques include point injection technique, deep point massage with surgery tools, and air-injection into
injured joints.
Prescriptions according to the distribution of nerves:
This is a very popular technique used for patients with nerve damage or nerve pain. In this technique, the
practitioner selects a prescription along the pathway of the nerve. For example, BL-54, GB-30, GB-34, BL-
40, BL-62, and GB-43 are used to treat sciatic nerve pain. GB-12, Qian Zheng, ST-4, ST-6, ST-7, and SI-18
treat Bell’s palsy, according to the distribution of the facial nerve.
Prescriptions according to distribution of the muscles:
This prescription is most often used in cases of injured or paralyzed muscles. The acupuncturist may select
only one muscle or a group of muscles. For example, LI-15, TW-14, SI-8, LI-14, LI-11, TW-5, and LI-4 are
used for upper arm and hand paralysis after stroke due to peripheral nerve injury.
Prescriptions according to anatomic structure:
Points are selected according to the injured area. For example, PC-7, LI-5, and HT-7 are selected for
treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome, and GB-40, BL-60, and BL-62 are used for an ankle injury. “Xiang
Cong Ci”(GB-12, GB-20, GV-16, GV-15, and GV-17) technique can be used for cervical spondylosis.
Selecting Point Prescriptions According to Other Acupuncture Modalites

As we know there are many other modalities in the acupuncture field. These include techniques such as Gua
Sha, Cupping, Bloodletting, Electro-acupuncture, scalp acupuncture, ear acupuncture, hand and foot acupuncture,
wrist-ankle acupuncture, nose acupuncture, etc. Some of them have their own special points and some of them use
regular acupuncture points. For example, cupping technique is usually used on regular acupuncture points and also
has its own stimulation area or it may be applied with other modalities. Ear acupuncture, and wrist-ankle
acupuncture have their own points and prescriptions. Some forms of scalp acupuncture have their own points and
treatment zones and some of them only use traditional acupuncture points.
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The Methodology of Acupuncture Point Prescriptions
Selecting Point Prescriptions According to Clinical Experience

With over 2000 years of clinical practice, many acupuncturists developed prescriptions and techniques based
on their own clinical experience. Many of these techniques were never documented formally, but were derived from
oral teachings and the individual records of these ancient and modern practitioners. Some of these techniques
developed from the regular meridian system and regular acupuncture points. Others were created by the
practitioners and using their own special technique. The influences of these ancient practitioners have colored
acupuncture therapy and have led to the development of unique acupuncture treatment techniques. For example, Ma
Dan Yang (Song Dynasty 987-1067 AD) used the 13 special “ghost” points for the treatment of mental disorders,
and Dou Han Qing (Jin Dynasty 1196-1280 AD) used a technique of Eight Confluence points for the eight groups
of diseases.
Development of meridian theory and therapy:
Some of practitioners were very interested in meridian theory and created a number of techniques to further
and expand the basic meridian theory for the treatment of diseases. For example, the use of the Jing-well
points on the fingertips to treat disease, non-needle insertion techniques to send the Qi into the meridian,
and balancing the “Qi pathway” (The theory of Qi Jie). Some forms of scalp acupuncture are derived from
“Head Qi Pathway Theory”.
Development of point therapy:
Over time, acupuncturists discovered a lot new points different from traditional ones. For example, the
point Zi Gong for the treatment of uterus problems.
Development of needle technique therapy:
New needling techniques were developed with changes in technology, for example the use of electro-
acupuncture, magnets, and laser acupuncture.
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SECTION TWO
Acupuncture Point Prescriptions
70
Abdominal Pain
71
CHAPTER I: INTERNAL MEDICINE DISORDERS
ABDOMINAL PAIN
Abdominal pain is usually defined in Traditional Chinese Medicine as a symptom manifesting as pain in the
abdominal region. Causes are usually explained by both exterior infection and interior disorder of the organs. The
etiological factors contributing to abdominal pain in terms of Chinese medicine are Cold, Heat, Deficiency and
Excess. This section will discuss abdominal pain pattern differentiation both internal and external, excluding
abdominal pain caused by OB-GYN and surgical problems.
ETIOLOGY
External Pathogenic Infection
In TCM it is believed that Cold, Dampness, Heat, and Summer-Heat can invade the abdomen, leading to
dysfunction of the Spleen and Stomach. These elements may obstruct the normal movement of the Qi and
metabolism causing irregular functions of the lower digestive tract.
Improper food intake
Most abdominal pain is usually caused by improper food intake, which results in the abnormal movement of
Qi. Improper food intake can also severely impact the Spleen Yang Qi and its functions in digestive
activities.
Abnormal emotional stress
Although certain levels of stress to the body can be maintained without symptoms, excessive emotional
activity may result in abdominal pain. According to TCM the Liver controls the flowing of the Qi, and there
is a belief that any kind of abnormal or excessive emotional activity will affect the Liver. For instance, anger
may trigger the Liver to attack the Spleen or Stomach. The Stomach may respond by failing to descend the
Qi, while the Spleen may fail in ascending, both resulting in Abdominal Pain.
Yang Qi Deficiency
The digested material will not be transported or transformed due to a deficiency of Spleen Yang. Under
such circumstances, water retention can occur, as well as a deficiency of Qi and Blood. This makes it
difficult to warm and nourish interior organs in balance and the symptom of pain will manifest.
DIAGNOSIS
According to TCM pathological theory, the diagnosis of abdominal pain should focus on the quality of the
pain. Is the pain accompanied by cold, hot, excess, or deficient symptoms? Pain could be caused by Qi, Blood, and
Zang Fu problems. To further explain, the different qualities of pain can be diagnosed with simple definitions. For
instance, Excess abdominal pain worsens with pressure to the region, whereas pressure soothes pain in Deficient
abdominal pains. Pain that starts acts up when the stomach is full is excess in nature, while deficient pain usually
begins with hunger. Pain that is reduced by heat is of the Cold nature, and pain reduced by cold is due to Heat.
The location of the pain is also important in explaining the causes and reasons of pain. For example, if the
pain appears in the lower abdomen and is related to both sides of the hypochondriac region, it is a Liver and
Gallbladder problem. If the pain is mostly located around the umbilicus and lower abdomen, the Spleen, Stomach,
Intestines, Kidney, or Bladder usually is the cause. The following is a list of common causes of abdominal pain with
symptoms to better help identify and diagnose abdominal pain.
72
Abdominal Pain
Abdominal Pain due to Cold Pathogenic Influence

The patient will experience acute abdominal pain, which is relieved by warmth and pressure. The pain is
usually associated with loose stools, diarrhea, borborygmus, clear urine, cold limbs, fever as well as an
aversion to cold that may be seen in some cases. The tongue is usually pale with a white greasy coating, and
pulse is deep and tight.
Abdominal pain due to Food Stagnation

There are usually sensations of distending pain in the abdominal region, which are relieved by bowel
movements. Usually the pain is worse with pressure and associated with vomiting. Irregular, hot, and sticky
stools will be seen if Food Stagnation turns to Heat. The tongue will be red with a yellowish greasy coating,
and the pulse will be fast and slippery.
Abdominal pain due to Yang Qi Deficiency

The patient will have chronic intermittent abdominal pain that is relieved by pressure and warmth. The
symptoms are usually associated with loose stools, a pale complexion, fatigue and a sore and weak sensation
in the lower back and knees that may be accompanied with Cold. The tongue will be swollen with teeth
marks and a white coating, and the pulse is thin, deep, and slow.
Blood Stagnation
The patient will experience a bloated sensation accompanied with moving or fixed pain in the abdominal
region. The pain will usually be relieved by belching and aggravated by anger or other sudden and drastic
emotional changes. The patient will have a dark tongue with a white coating and a wiry or choppy pulse.
TREATMENT AND PRESCRIPTIONS

As with all other pains that are caused by blockage of Qi flow, the main treatment method in TCM for
abdominal pain is by moving the stagnation. The following basic methods apply to the most common manifestations
of abdominal pain.
Abdominal Pain due to Cold Pathogenic Influence

Treatment Principle: Expel the Cold and Regulate the Qi
Point Prescription: CV-12, ST-36, SP-15, SP-4, and LI-4. Treat once every other day for 3 treatments as a
course.
Technique: Insert 1cun # 32 needles into SP-4 and LI-4 with a twist reducing needle technique. Insert a 1.5
cun. # 32 needle into CV-12, ST-36 and SP-15 with a twisting even movement needle technique and apply
moxa wool to the handle of the needles for 3-5 cones.
Additional points:
Diarrhea and cold extremities: moxibustion on CV-8 with salt.
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Abdominal Pain due to Food Stagnation

Treatment Principle: Resolve the Food stagnation and Release the pain.
Point Prescription: CV-10, ST-20, ST-25, and LI-11. Treat once every other day for 3 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun # 30 needles into CV-10 perpendicularly 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun # 32 needles into ST-20, ST-25 and LI-11 with an even movement needle
technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Additional points:
Thirst: ST-44
Sour regurgitation: GB-34.
Abdominal pain due to Yang Deficiency

Treatment Principle: Reinforcing the Spleen and Warming the Kidney thus releasing the pain.
Point Prescription: BL-20, BL-23, LV-13, and CV-4. Treat once every other day, 5 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun # 32 needles into BL-20 and BL-23 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and
thrusting reinforcing needle technique, apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun
# 32 needles into LV-13 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply indirect moxibustion with Fu Zi
cake on CV-4 for 5 cones.
Additional points:
Loose stool: ST-35 and SP-6.
Abdominal pain due to Blood Stagnation

Treatment Principle: Regulate the Qi and Move the Blood.
Point Prescription: LI-4, SP-10, CV-6, ST-28, BL-17, and BL-24. Treat once every other day for 5 treatments
as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun # 30 needles into BL-17 and BL-24 with a twisting even movement technique and
apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun # 30 needles into LI-4 and SP-6
with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain the needles for 20 minutes.
Additional points:
Hypochondriac pain: LV-14.
Upper abdominal pain: CV-12, CV-6, and CV-10.
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Abdominal Pain
ADJUNCTIVE THERAPIES
It is important to note at this point of the text that often the use of adjunctive therapies is very helpful in
treatment of the patient. Many other types of therapies can be used in this case for the treatment of abdominal pains.
Most commonly used ones are described in detail below to ensure correct applications and future reference.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Large intestine, Small intestine, Stomach, Spleen, Shen Men, and Sympathetic.
Select 2 to 3 points for each treatment and insert 0.5 cun # 34 acupuncture needles with a medium-level
stimulation technique. Retain the needles for 30 minutes.
Treat once daily, for 5 treatments as a course. Another method is to apply press-balls or inter-dermal
needles in these points in the ear in the same fashion regularly after body acupuncture treatment.
Moxibustion
Points: CV-4, CV-8 and ST-25.
Apply indirect moxibustion with salt or ginger on CV-8 and a Fu Zi cake on CV-4 for 3 to 5 cones for Yang
deficiency abdominal pain. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on ST-25 for 6 cones to treat abdominal
pain due to Cold Pathogenic Invasion.
Treat once daily with 3 treatments as course.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Along the Stomach meridian parallel to the navel. Apply medium stimulation Gua Sha until
the skin turns a purple color or the pain is reduced. This is especially good for treating abdominal pain with
fever.
Treat once daily for 2 treatments as a course.
Cupping technique
Points: CV-8.
Apply a fire cup on the CV-8 for three minutes to treat abdominal pain due to stagnation of Qi and Blood.
Treat once daily, 2 treatments as a course.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zone: Middle line of the vertex, lateral line 2 and lateral line 3 of the forehead.
Insert 1.5 cun # 30 needles transversely 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with a fast twisting needle
technique. Retain the needles for 30 minutes to one hour.
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TRADITIONAL PRESCRIPTIONS AND TECHNIQUES

For the pain located above navel: CV-10 and ST-24 (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-10 and ST-24 with a twisting reducing needle technique and apply moxa
wool on the handles of the needles 3 times.
Treat once every other day for 3-5 treatments as course.
For pain around the navel (Deficiency Cold in the Small Intestine): CV-8 (Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing)
Apply 3 cones of indirect moxibustion with salt and ginger, or use a moxa pole on CV-8 for 20 minutes.
Treat once or twice a day, 3 to 5 treatments as course.
For pain located on both sides of the navel: SP-15 and ST-25. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-15 and ST-25 with a twisting even movement needle technique and apply
moxa wool on the handles of the needles with 3 cones if the patient has Cold symptoms.
Treat once very other day, 3 to 5 treatments as a course.
For pain located on the lower abdomen: CV-6 and ST-27 (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-6 and ST-27 perpendicularly 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a twisting even
movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. One can also choose to apply moxa wool on
the handles of needles with 3 cones.
Treat once every other day, 3 treatments as a course.
For abdominal pain located around the navel: CV-9, ST-25, CV-7, and ST-36 (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on those points with 7 cones.
For abdominal pain with borborygmus: ST-37 (Wei Shen Bao Jian)
Inset 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-37 with the “Qing Long Bai Wei” (Green Dragon Waves the Tail), which
is one type of technique to move the Qi. Retain needles for 30 minutes and treat once daily for 3 treatments
as a course.
For abdominal pain on the both sides of the navel that travels up to the epigastric region: ST-25 (Jiu Fa Mi Chuan)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on ST-25 for 7 cones each treatment.
Treat once daily for 3 treatments as course.
For abdominal pain with Heat and yellowish urine: KI-11 (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into KI-11 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
For lower abdominal pain with Interior Cold: CV-6, BL-27, and LV-8 (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-6, BL-27, and LV-8 with 7 cones.
Treat once every other day for 2 treatments as course.
For lower abdominal pain with Heat and yellowish urine: KI-11 (Shen Ying Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into Ki-11 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
For lower abdominal pain with Cold: CV-6, BL-27, and LV-8 (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-6, BL-27, and LV-8 for 7 cones.
Treat once or twice daily for 3 treatments as a course.
76
Abdominal Pain
For acute abdominal pain: LU-7, CV-17, LV-1, LU-1, SI-1, LU-9, and SP-6 (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-1, SI-1, LU-9, LU-7, and SP-6 with a twisting reducing needle technique;
then insert a 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-17 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all
needles for 20 minutes.
For abdominal pain around the navel: LI-8 (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LI-8 perpendicularly 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique and “He Gu Ci” (one kind of moving Qi and reducing pain technique). Retain the needles
for 30 minutes.
Treat just for emergency cases.
For severe pain on the lower abdomen: CV-6, SP-6 (Zhen Jiu Zhai Ying Ji)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-6 perpendicularly 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting even
movement technique; then insert a 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-6 obliquely upwards 1 cun deep at a 45
degree angle with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
For lower abdominal pain traveling to the genital region with a cold sensation: CV-4, and BL-43 (De Xiao Fang)
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-4 and BL-43 for 5 cones.
For bloating pain in the lower abdomen: LV-2, KI-2, ST-44, and LV-1 (Zhen Jiu Fen Yuan)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into all these points with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles
for 20 minutes.
For acute abdominal pain: SP-1 and LV-1 with direct non-scarring moxibustion for 14 cones. (Yu Long Ge)
For acute bloating pain in abdominal region: CV-15, CV-13 and CV-5. (Yu Long Ge)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-15, CV-13 and CV-5 perpendicularly 1 cun deep with a twisting
reducing needle technique. Retain the needles for 30 minutes.
CASE ANALYSIS
30 year-old female with a main complaint of acute abdominal pain for 2 days
Signs and Symptoms: pain worse with pressure, loss of appetite, associated Deficiency Cold sweating, and lassitude.
The tongue is pale with a white coating; the pulse is weak, thin and wiry.
Diagnosis: Abdominal pain due to stagnation of Qi.
Treatment Principle: Regulate Qi and Release Pain.
Point Prescription: CV-6, ST-25, CV-8, CV-4, BL-23, BL-32, and CV-6.
Treat once or twice daily, 3 treatments as a course
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-6 perpendicularly 1 to 1.2 cun deep with “Feng Huang Zhang Chi”
(Red Phoenix spreads its Wings) technique and apply moxa pole on ST-25, CV-8 and CV-4 for 20 minutes until the
pain is gone. Apply the moxa pole on BL-23, BL-32 and CV-6 to reinforce, move the Qi, and prevent the pain from
coming back.
Result: The pain was relieved after 1 treatment, and moxa pole was continued on the second day only to help the Qi
circulation.
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EVALUATION
Abdominal pain is a common and complicated symptom seen in the clinic. TCM allows for many possible
causes, such as Cold invading the intestines, deficiency of Spleen Yang, or stagnation of improper food intake.
Acupuncture treatments are very effective to reduce the pain. Point selection is the key to treating abdominal pain.
For example, points selected from the Conception vessel and the Foot Tai Yang and Foot Yang Ming meridians
with reducing needle techniques usually treat abdominal pain due to a Cold invasion. Points selected from the
Conception vessel, the Foot Tai Yin, the Foot Yang Ming meridians and the Back-Shu points with reinforcing
needle techniques are used for deficiency of the Spleen and Kidney. Points from the Foot Tai Yin and the Foot
Yang Ming meridians with reducing needle techniques and moxibustion usually treat abdominal pain due to
stagnation of food. Long term and chronic abdominal pain combined with other diseases should be referred out for
further examinations.
78
Asthma
79
ASTHMA
Asthma is an episodic allergic pulmonary disorder. It occurs when a foreign antigen is present and contacts
the respiratory system through inhalation or other forms of contact. During the attack, patients have severe
Dyspnea, which is due to spasm of bronchial smooth muscles, swelling of the bronchial mucous and hyper secretion
of the respiratory tract leading to bronchial obstruction. In TCM, Asthma is usually attributable to the categories of
XIAO (bronchial wheezing) and CHUAN (Dyspnea).
Commonly there are three major types of Asthma causing factors discussed in TCM. Of these three major
factors each presents a different set of symptoms and each requires different types of treatment and prescription.
Due to the broad range of asthma related disorders, the causes can be both internal as well as external. The three
most common asthma causing agents are identified as:
Wind Cold and Wind Heat Pathogenic Influence

These invade the body and are the main cause of allergic asthma, particularly dust, pollens, or other strange
smells or tastes in the air. This causes stimulation that will make the Lung fail in ascending and descending,
stagnating of Lung Qi, and may cause the accumulation of water, that in some cases will turn to phlegm.
Improper Food Intake

When the Stomach and Spleen suffer from due food stagnation, particularly from hard to digest food,
asthma may result due to phlegm forming from the stagnation, traveling upwards and being stored in the
Lung.
Qi Deficiency
Deficiency of Kidney Qi fails in receiving the Lung Qi, which causes the Lung to fail in descending. Most of
the time this kind of asthma happens when the patient has a weak body constitution or bad emotional
situations.
In the beginning stages of asthma, symptoms manifested are usually 'excess' in nature, and after several
attacks, the symptoms tend to turn to 'deficiency'. When the attacks are deficiency in nature the main clinical
manifestations are: shortness of breath, spontaneous sweating, and chills. For instance, Spleen deficiency
asthma may result in stuffiness of the chest and lose stool. In Kidney deficiency the Lungs fail in receiving
the Qi, resulting in asthma that worsens after activity. In the Heart there are: Heart Yang deficiency and
restlessness resulting in a sensation of cold in the extremities or even loss of consciousness. Some deficiency
types of asthma still can appear to have some excess symptoms such as stagnation of the breath, and chest
pain. These types of asthma attacks are labeled as excess in ‘branch’ and deficiency in ‘root’.
DIAGNOSIS
Due to the various categories of Asthma this disorder is often confusing and hard to diagnose correctly. To
help better understand the nature of these causes the list of diagnostic symptoms are separated in two major
categories of asthma, the Excess type and the Deficiency type. They are both very important in understanding the
nature of the patient’s Asthma attacks and to help make the best diagnosis of the patient.
Excess type of asthma

Asthma with Cold: Symptoms include fullness and distress in the chest, and dyspnea, that are associated with
a wheezing sound in the throat, cough with thin sputum, headache, frequent attacks during the cold seasons
or caused by cold. The tongue is pale with moist or greasy coating; the pulse is floating and tight.
Asthma with Heat: Dyspnea with wheezing, irritability, oppressed sensation in the chest, gasping for breath,
cough with yellowish thick sputum, red complexion, fever, sweating, thirst, and onset closely associated the
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Asthma
warmer seasons. The tongue will be reddened with a yellow greasy coating, and the pulse will be slippery
and rapid.
Deficiency type of asthma

Asthma combined with Lung Qi deficiency: Symptoms include asthma with a pale complexion and spontaneous
sweating associated with aversion to cold, shortness of breath, tiredness, sneezing, and a stuffy nose. The
tongue is pale with a thin white coating; the pulse is thin, fast and weak.
Asthma combined with Spleen deficiency: Symptoms include asthma with a pale complexion, poor appetite
associated with phlegm, lassitude, loose stool, or diarrhea. The tongue is swollen with thick greasy coating;
the pulse is slow and slippery.
Asthma combined with Kidney deficiency: Symptoms include asthma with a dark complexion, shortness of breath
and becoming quite severe after activities, associated with heart palpitations, dizziness, ringing ear, soreness
and weakness cold sensation on the low back and knees. The tongue is pale with a white, thin coating; the
pulse is thin and weak.
Asthma combined with Heart Qi and Yang deficiency: Symptoms include asthma with heart palpitations, sweating,
restlessness, and a green or purple color on the lips, nails, and tongue. There may also be a cold or even
freezing sensation in the four extremities. The tongue is dark with white coating; the pulse is tiny weakness
and irregular.
TREATMENT AND PRESCRIPTION
Asthma with Excess Cold

Treatment Principle: Expel the Cold and Relieve the asthma.
Point Prescription: LU-7, LU-5, BL-12, and BL-13.
Treat once daily during asthma attack, 5 treatments as a course
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-7, and LU-5 with twisting reducing needle technique, 1 cun
#30 needles into BL-12, and BL-13 with lifting and thrusting reducing needing technique. Apply fire cups
on the BL-12 and BL-13 for 3 minutes.
Additional points for other associated symptoms:
Stuffy and running nose: ST-3 and Yin Tang
Shoulder and upper backaches: LI-7
Fever: SI-7
Heat-phlegm stagnation in the Lung

Treatment Principle: Clear the lungs and release asthma.
Point Prescription: LI-4, GV-14, ST-40, CV-17, LU-1, and LU-6.
Treat once every other day during asthma attack, 7 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-14 perpendicular 1 to 1.2 cun deep with rubbing needle
technique, leading the Qi down along the spinal column without retaining the needle. Insert 1.5 cun #30
needles into LU-6 and ST-40 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #30 needles
into LI-4 LU-1 CV-17 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Severe asthma: BL-13 and LU-2 with cupping technique
Fever: LI-11 and SP-9
81
Deficiency type of asthma

Treatment Principle: Built up the body energy, resolve phlegm and calm asthma.
Point Prescription: Ding chuan, BL-43, BL-13, and LU-9.
Treat once every other day for 10 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-43 and BL-13 obliquely, 0.3 cun to 0.5 cun deep with the “Qi
Ci” (one kind of traditional needle technique—three needles on one point, one on the middle and other two
beside) with waving technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes. Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger
for 3 cones on these two points after taking the needles out. Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into LU-9 with
twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain the needles for 10 minutes.
Lung and Spleen deficiency: BL-20 and ST-36.
Lung and Kidney deficiency: BL-23 and KI-3.
Lung and Heart deficiency: PC-6 and HT-7 with even movement needle technique. Apply direct
non-scarring moxibustion on CV-4, CV-6, and GV-4 for 7 cones.
***If a patient has a deficient body type, and suffers from Cold, the Excess type of asthma treatment should
be followed.
Ear acupuncture
Points: Pin chuan, Endocrine, Trachea, Sub cortex, Sympathetic
Insert 0.5 cun #34 ear acupuncture needles in these points, obliquely at a 30 degree angle with twisting
reducing needle technique, and retain then for 30 minutes.
Treat once daily, 5 treatments as a course. Or use a press-ball instead of needles as a supplemental treatment
after the body-acupuncture treatment and keeps them for 3 days in summer and 7 days in winter.
Moxibustion
Points: BL-13, BL-43, BL-20, and BL-23.
Apply direct moxibustion on these points in the summer (middle of July), for 5 cones to treat asthma of the
chronic and deficient type.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatments zone: Lateral line 1 of the forehead, middle line of the vertex, and middle line of the forehead.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these lines with fast twisting needle technique or withdrawing Qi technique.
Retain all needles for 1 hour to treat acute asthma attacks.
Treat once every other day, 3 to 5 treatments as a course.
Plum Blossom Needle

Treatment area: LU-10, the Lung meridian along the forearm, and the Stomach meridian on the front of the
neck.
Apply weak stimulation of the plum blossom needle until red marks appear on the area to treat asthma of
the deficient type.
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Asthma
Gua Sha
Treatment area: upper back—most often used for asthma due to Excess Heat.
Apply medium stimulation of Gua Sha on both sides of the upper back (BL and GV meridians), until the
red or purple marks appear.
Treat once a week, 3 testaments as a course.
Intra-dermal needle
Points: Ding Chuan, GV-14, BL-13, BL-43, BL-15, BL-20, LU-6, LU-9, and CV-17.
Insert intra-dermal needles into all these points subcutaneously, 0.3 cun deep and secure with tape. Retain
them for a week, to treat deficient asthma.
Treat once a week, 3 treatments as a course.
TRADITIONAL PRESCRIPTIONS AND TECHNIQUE
For asthma in deficiency type: LU-1, LU-2, LU-3, BL-13, and CV-20. (Zhen Jiu Jug Ying)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion (the cone like wheat) on all these point for 7 cones.
For chronic asthma appearing every winter: GV-14, GV-12, BL-13, and BL-43. (Author's Clinical Experience)
Apply direct moxibustion on the GV-14, GV-12, BL-13, and BL-43 for 7 cones. It’s best to treat in the
summer (middle of July).
Treat once a week for 2 treatments as a course.
For chronic severe asthma: Governing vessel therapy. (Zhong Guo Zheng Jiu)
Apply indirect moxibustion with garlic on the Governing vessel. Put an herbal powder (Ban Se Feng—
approximately 15g) from GV-14 to GV-3. Then add the mashed garlic on the herbal powder, 3 cm high
and 5 cm wide, from the GV-14 to GV-3. Put the moxa wool on the garlic, 2 cm on the bottom to 2 cm
high. Light the moxa wool from the head (near GV-14), towards the tail (near GV-3) and the middle (near
GV-6) for three times.
Treat once a year, for 3 treatments as a course.
For acute asthma: ST-9 and BL-3. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into ST-9 perpendicular, 1-1.2 cun deep with twisting even movement technique
after get the Qi sensation. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-3 obliquely at a 30 degree angle in the
downward direction, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with a fast twisting technique for 3 minutes. Retain all needles for 20
minutes.
Treat only for acute asthma attack.
For chronic asthma: BL-13. (Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-13 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa-pole on the
side of the point for 20 minutes.
83
For asthma with severe shortness of breath: CV-22, CV-21, CV-20, CV-17, ST-19, LV-13, CV-6, and GV-9.
(Lie Jing Tu Yi)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion for 7 cones on CV-6, GV-9, LV-13, and 5 cones on CV-22, CV-21,
CV-20, CV-17, and ST-19.
For asthma with severe cough, phlegm and wheezing:
KI-27, CV-22, CV-17, BL-13, ST-36, CV-12, BL-43, CV-4, CV-6, and ST-18 (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-13 and BL-43 for 7 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-
27, CV-22, CV-17, and ST-18 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into
CV-12, CV-4, CV-6, and ST-36 with twisting reinforcing needle technique; apply moxa wool on the handle
of needles for 3 cones.
The following are all prescriptions from the Zi Zhen Jing:
For asthma with cough and shortness of breath: LU-2 and ST-9
For severe asthma with difficulty to lie down: CV-22 and CV-19
For asthma with stuffy sensation in the chest: BL-42 and LU-1
For asthma with rebellious of the Qi: CV-17 CV-21 used
For asthma with wheezing: LV-3
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LU-2 and ST-9 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32
needles into CV-22 and CV-19 obliquely at a 30 degree angle 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LU-1 and BL-42 perpendicular, 0.5 cun deep with twisting
reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-17 and CV-21 obliquely downwards 1 cun
deep with fast twisting technique. Insert 1.3 cun #32 needles into LV-3 perpendicular 1 cun deep with
twisting reducing needle technique.
Or apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on these points as above for 7 cones during asthma in deficiency
conditions.
For asthma due to Excess Heat: GV-14, CV-22, KI-27, ST-18, LU-7, and ST-40. (Zhong Hua Zhen Jiu Xue)
Apply a reducing needle technique on the above points and direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-22, LU-
7, ST-18, CV-12, and ST-36 for 7 cones for asthma of the deficient Cold type.
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-22 obliquely along anterior of trachea, 1 cun deep with twisting
reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #30 needles into KI-27, ST-18, LU-7, and ST-40 with twisting even
movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-14 with
rubbing technique (clockwise), without retaining the needle.
For asthma with acute chest and diaphragm pain: LU-7, GV-26, CV-22, BL-13, and ST-36. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-13 perpendicular, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique and take the needle out without retaining. Insert 1 cun #32 needles in LU-7, GV-26, CV-22, and
ST-36 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For patients who cannot lie down during an asthma attack: GV-10. (Jiu Fa Mi Chuan)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-10 for 11 to 13 cones.
For children who cannot eat during an asthma attack: CV-21. (Jiu Jing)
Apply wheat grain size direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-21 for 3 cones.
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Asthma
For asthma of the Cold type: BL-13, BL-43, and CV-22. (Zhang Shi Yi Tong)
Apply indirect moxibustion with Fu Zi cake on BL-13, BL-43, and CV-22 for 3 to 5 cones.
For patients who cannot lie down during an asthma attack: LV-14. (Yu Long Jing)
For acute asthma attack: BL-12. (Yu long Jing)
For asthma with a stuffy sensation in the chest: LU-1 and CV-19. (Yu long Jing)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-14, BL-12, LU-1, and CV-19 with reducing twisting needle technique.
Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Treat once daily, 3 to 5 treatments as a course.
For asthma of the Cold type: CV-20, CV-6, CV-17, LV-14, and GV-9. (Jing Yue Quan Shu)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on these points for 3 cones.
For pediatric asthma with poor appetite: Si Fen (Zhong Guo Zhen Jiu)
Apply a three-edged needle with fast prinking on the Si fen point, 1 to 3 mm deep, and squeeze out a little
yellowish and white liquid.
For asthma with Kidney Qi deficiency: BL-43, BL-13, BL-5, Ding Chuan, BL-20, BL-23, Ying Tang, LU-5, LU-10, KI-3,
and ST-40. (Author's Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-43, BL-13, BL-15, Ding Chuan, BL-20, and BL-23 with Qi Ci (one needle
on the middle and other two each side) for each point, and apply the waving technique until red marks
appear around the needles. Retain the needles for 10 minutes. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into Ying Tang, LU-
5, LU-10, KI-3, and ST-40 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes.
Treat twice a week, 7 treatments as a course.
For asthma with Kidney Qi deficiency: KI-1. (Qian Jin Fan)
Apply moxa-pole on KI-1 for 30 minutes every night before go to bed.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 32 year-old female patient has a main complaint of asthma for 2 years. Her asthma attacks can occur any time
randomly, and particularly during the winter nights. The attacks are associated with severe wheezing, coughing and a
large amount of phlegm, stuffy sensation in the chest, and difficulty lying down. The tongue is red with yellow greasy
coating; the pulse is slippery and fast.
Diagnosis: Asthma due to Heat.
Treatment Principle: Clear the Heat and Relieve the asthma.
Point Prescription: LU-5, LU-1, LU-10, BL-13, CV-17, Ding Chuan, CV-21, CV-6, CV-12, and ST-40.
Technique: Apply bloodletting technique on LU-5 and LU-1. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LU-10 with twisting
reducing needle technique, 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-13, Ding Chuan, CV-17, CV-21, CV-6, CV-12, and ST-40
with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes
Result: After 3 treatments the patient’s asthma symptoms were better. The prescription was then modified to: BL-23,
BL-13, CV-4, CV-12, ST-36, and CV-17 with reinforcing needle technique and moxibustion for 2 treatments.
The asthma attacks in conjunction with the other symptoms were released after treatment. With additional
treatments the asthma attacks should disappear completely.
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EVALUATION
For several thousand years, TCM has accumulated a series of rich experiences and techniques to treat
asthma. Differentiating the treatment in accordance to the asthma symptoms is the key in making the correct initial
diagnosis. After the diagnosis, the treatment aim should be to build up the body energy, particularly by reinforcing
the Spleen and Kidney Qi for deficiency type asthma, and eliminating or expelling Pathogenic Influences in the
treatment of acute asthma attacks and asthma of the Excess type. Meanwhile, the patient should be careful to stay
away from allergic activities including smoking, drinking, and other specific, aggravating foods.
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Bell’s Palsy—Peripheral Facial Paralysis
87
BELL’S PALSY— PERIPHERAL FACIAL PARALYSIS

The most common form of facial paralysis is idiopathic, i.e. Bell's palsy. The incidence rate of this disorder
is about 23 per 100,000 annually, or about 1 in 60 or 70 persons in a lifetime. The pathogenesis of the paralysis is
still unknown. The few autopsied cases of this disease have shown only nondescript changes in the facial nerve and
not inflammatory changes, as is commonly presumed. Thus so far it is believed that this illness is a result of death in
facial nerve endings. In the traditional view Chinese medicine, it’s believed to be usually caused by Wind-OPI
invades the Yang Ming Meridian (Zhong Jin Lou-wind stroke in meridian).
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
The onset of Bell's palsy is fairly abrupt, maximal weakness being attained by 48 hours as a general rule.
Pain behind the ear may precede the paralysis for a day or two. Taste sensation may be lost unilaterally, and
hyperacusis may appear within the first few days. In some cases there is mild cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
lymphocytosis. Totally about 80 percent of patients recover within a few weeks or months. Electromyography may
be of value in distinguishing a temporary conduction defect from a pathologic interruption in the continuity of nerve
fibers. Evidence of nerve failure after 10 days indicates that there has been axonal degeneration and that there will
be a long delay (3 months, as a rule) before regeneration occurs and that is may be incomplete. The presence of
incomplete paralysis in the first week is the most favorable prognostic sign.
DIAGNOSIS
The symptoms usually occur after sleep or very suddenly. The face will move on the healthy side when the
patient speaks, laughs or tries to blow their nose. The paralyzed side of the face feels numb or has no sensation,
muscle cramps can be felt at times, pain and distension sensation may also be felt behind the ear, and food will get
stuck in the affected side. The eye on the paralyzed side will be hard to close and will be red and teary. Two-thirds
of the anterior portion of the tongue may also experience loss of taste.
Wind Cold
The patient will have a history of exposure to wind, during sleep or driving, or from a fan are some
examples. There are usually no exterior symptoms, but the pulse is floating and tight, and the tongue will be
white with a thin greasy coating.
Wind Heat
This type of patient will often have Bell's palsy as a secondary symptom, which appears usually after flu,
fever, otitis media, or gingivitis associated with a painful sensation in the ear and mastoid process. The pulse
will be fast and floating, and the tongue will have a white or yellow greasy coating.
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Treatment Principle: Promote the flow of the Qi and Blood, and Expel the Wind.
Point Prescription:
Wind Cold: ST-2, ST-4, ST-6, GB-14, and LI-4 with moxibustion.
Wind Heat: Tai Yang, SI-18, ST-6, ST-7, LI-11, and ST-44.
Techniques: There are three periods to treat peripheral facial paralysis in TCM:
1. Within 2 weeks of onset: In this case, apply more needles with superficial insertion technique, meaning
needle the local paralysis area with more needles with a superficial insertion of less than 0.3 cun deep, with
slight twisting technique in order to move the flow of Qi and Blood, and expel the Wind from the surface
of the skin.
2. Between weeks 2 and 4: During this period insert needles into the points with regular depth and technique
in order to adjust, regulate, reinforce and or reduce the Qi and Blood according to the TCM diagnosis.
3. After 4 weeks: At this time the technique of needling points through and through is recommended, such
as needling ST-4 through to ST-6. Electro-acupuncture is also considered beneficial at this stage for the
paralyzed muscles.
Orbital wall pain: BL-2
Mastoid process pain: TW-17 and GB-12.
Facial numbness: LI-20 and CV-26.
Tastelessness: CV-23.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Lung, Sympathetic, Face, Liver, Shen Men, and Eye.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 ear needles into these points obliquely at a 45 degree angle with fast twisting needle
Plum Blossom Needle

Points: GB-14, Tai Yang, ST-2, ST-4, ST-6, and LI-4 (all the points on the diseased side).
Apply weak stimulation of plum blossom needle on these points for 5 minutes.
Treat once daily, 7treatments as a course.
Electro Acupuncture
Points: BL-14, BL-2, Tai Yang, ST-3, SI-18, ST-6, ST-7, and ST-4.
Select 2 or 3 groups of points during each treatment and apply a continuous wave for 8-10 minutes to treat
the facial paralysis over a four-week period.
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Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zone: Select the opposite side of the anterior line from the vertex to the temple (lower-2/5), and
the posterior line from the vertex to the temple (lower-2/5).
Insert 1.5 cun #28 or #30 needles transversely at a 30-degree angle, 1 cun deep with fast twisting technique.
Retain all needles for 1 hour.
Moxibustion
Moxa-pole and warming needle technique
Apply during any period of the facial paralysis, or as a supplemental treatment during or after the
needle treatment.
Indirect moxibustion with ginger
Points: ST-6, ST-7, TW-17, GB-12, and Tai Yang.
Select 2-3 points during each treatment and apply indirect moxibustion with ginger for 3 cones to
treat facial paralysis due to Wind Cold.
Direct non-scarring moxibustion
Points: GB-14, SI-19, GB-2, SI-19, ST-7, ST-6, ST-4, and Tai Yang.
Select 3 to 4 points from above each treatment and apply direct non-scarring moxibustion for 7
cones.
For facial paralysis due to Wind Cold: ST-7. (Wei Shen Bao Jian)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on ST-7 for 14 cones.
Treat once daily, until the disease is gone.
For facial paralysis due to Wind Cold: ST-2, ST-4, and ST-9. (Ru Men Shi Qing)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on ST-2, ST-47, and ST-9 for 5 cones.
For facial paralysis due to Qi and Blood stagnation: ST-6, CV-26, LU-7, LU-9, LI-4, LI-2, ST-4, and TW-23.
(Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LI-2, LI-4, LU-9, and LU-7 with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1
cun #32 needles into ST-6, ST-4, CV-26, and TW-23 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all
needles for 20 minutes, or apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones.
For facial paralysis due to Wind invasion: ST-4, ST-6, CV-26, LI-4, SI-19, CV-24, and TW-17. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1 cun #28 needles into ST-4, ST-6, CV-26, and LI-4 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain
all needles for 30 minutes.
Treat once every day, 7 treatments as a course.
***If the disease comes back after one mouth, insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SI-19, CV-24, and TW-17
with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all the needles for 20 minutes.
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For facial paralysis by Wind Invasion: CV-26, ST-4, ST-6, and LI-4. (Zhong Hua Zhen Jiu Xue)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-6 and ST-4 with twisting reinforcing needle technique and apply moxa
wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needle into CV-26 obliquely towards the
disease area, 0.3 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique. Then insert a 1 cun #30 needle
into LI-4 (on healthy side only) with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For the beginning stage of the facial paralysis (1 to 2 week duration):
Qian Zhen, GB-12, TW-17, ST-4, ST-6, ST-7, SI-18, TW-23, CV-26, CV-24, LI-20, GB-14, BL-2, ST-2, Tai Yang,
and GB-20. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into Qian Zhen, GB-12, and TW-17 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with lifting the
thrusting reducing needle technique. Then insert 1 cun #32 needles into the rest of the points
perpendicularly, 0.1 to 0.3 cun deep with slight twisting technique. Retain all needles for 5 minutes.
For facial paralysis with deficiency of Qi and Blood:
SI-18, ST-4, ST-6, Qian Zhen, GB-12, Tai Yang, LI-4, and ST-36 (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-4 transversely, 1 to 1.2 cun deep towards the ST-6 direction with
twisting even movement needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #30 needle into Tai Yang obliquely at a 60 degree
angle towards ST-7 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SI-18, Qian
Zhen, GB-12, LI-4, and ST-36 with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all the needles for 30
minutes. Or apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones.
For facial paralysis due to Wind Invasion: GB-2, PC-5, Tai Yang, TW-21, LI-4, CV-26, and CV-24.
(Jing Yue Quan Shu)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LI-4, CV-26, and CV-24 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all
needles for 15 minutes. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GB-2, PC-5, Tai Yang, and TW-21 for 14
cones.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 43-year-old male patient complained of facial paralysis for 5 days duration. Initially, it occurred after sleep one
night, and his face would only move on the healthy side when he spoke, laughed or blew his nose. The paralyzed
side of his face felt numb and lacked sensation. There was pain and distension behind the ear, and the food often
became lodge in the paralyzed side when he ate. On the paralyzed side, the eye was hard to close, teary, and red.
The tongue had also lost some sensation of taste. Associated signs were slight headache and aversion to cold. The
tongue was normal with a thin white coating and the pulse was floating and wiry.
Diagnosis: Facial paralysis due to Wind Cold.
Treatment Principle: Expel the Wind and Cold and Promote the Qi and Blood circulation in the Yang Ming meridian.
Point Prescription: LI-4, LU-5, CV-14, GB-12, ST-4, ST-6, CV-26, LI-20, Tai Yang, SI-19, and ST-3.
Treatment was given once every other day for 7 treatments.
Technique: 1.5 cun #30 needles were inserted into LI-4, LU-5, CV-14, and GB-12 with a lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into ST-3, ST-4, ST-6, CV-26, LI-20, SI-19, and Tai Yang perpendicularly,
0.2 cun deep with slight twisting needle technique. All needles were retained for 30 minutes. Moxa pole was
performed on the Qian Zhen point for 15 minutes.
Result: After 3 treatments, the diseased side of the eye could be closed, food was not becoming caught in the mouth,
the saliva was also controlled, and the tight sensation on the face had improved. Totally 6 treatments were given and
the patient was discharge as all symptoms had resolved.
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EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective in the treatment of peripheral facial paralysis. In the
beginning stage, within 2 weeks, strong stimulation techniques and electrically conducted needles should be avoided.
Only treatments consisting of weak and superficial needle technique with anti-inflammatory herbs should be used to
rid the local inflammation. Strong needle technique (through and through needle technique) and electro-
acupuncture should only be used after the fourth week; otherwise it will often cause facial spasm. Patients should
keep the face and neck warm to reduce cell damage of the paralyzed side.
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Beriberi Syndrome
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BERIBERI SYNDROME
Most cases of Beriberi are usually caused by malnutrition, which means the patient most likely keeps to a
narrow food selection or lacks vitamin B1 in their diet. The lack of nutrients leads to attacks on the body by Damp
stagnation in the foot meridians, which is caused by a Spleen deficiency or Damp Pathogenic Invasion. The main
symptoms of Beriberi are sensations of weakness and edema in the legs. In TCM it is called weak foot or swollen
leg. In some severe cases when the Beriberi attacks heart, the patient will feel heart palpitations, shortness of breath,
nausea and/or vomiting.
DIAGNOSIS
The disease is usually categorized under three different patterns in TCM. Of these three patterns, the first
two separate the different causes and characteristics of Beriberi symptoms. The last type is the most serious and
prolonged illness in which the illness attacks the heart.
Damp-Beriberi
Symptoms of this type of Beriberi include swelling and edema in the leg, numb sensation on the toes
traveling up the leg, and are associated with scanty urine or urinary tract infection. The tongue is swollen
with a white or yellow greasy coating. The pulse is floating, fast, and weak.
Dry-Beriberi
Symptoms include swollen feet and legs with painful and numb sensation, associated with cramping or
spasm in the muscles of the leg. The muscles will gradually atrophy until paralysis sets in, along with yellow
scanty urine and constipation. The tongue is red with a thin white or no coat. The pulse is thin and fast.
Beriberi invades the Heart

Symptoms include painful swelling, numbness, and atrophy of the legs, with difficulty to walk. Associated
symptoms are sudden shortness of breath, heart palpitations, nausea or even vomiting, stuffy sensation in
the chest, upper epigastric area discomfort, coma, mental disorder, and possible unconsciousness in some
severe cases. The tongue is dark red without coating and the pulse is thin, fast, and weak.
Damp-Beriberi
Treatment Principle: Move the Qi of the foot meridians Clear Heat and Resolve Damp.
Point Prescription: ST-36, SP-6, GB-34, and the Ba Feng.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36, SP-6, and GB-34 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and
thrusting even movement needle technique. Apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1
cun #30 needles into the Ba Feng perpendicularly, 0.7 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
Fever and aversion to cold: LI-4, GV-14, and TW-5.
Scanty urine: SP-9 and BL-60.
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Beriberi Syndrome
Dry-Beriberi
Treatment Principle: Nourish Blood and Yin and Move the Qi in the foot meridians.
Point Prescription: ST-41, ST-32, KI-7, SP-10, KI-6, and GB-39.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into ST-41, KI-6, KI-7, and GB-39 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting
even movement needle technique. Then insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-32 and SP-10 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun
deep with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Leg muscle spasm: BL-57.
Low back pain: BL-40.
Swollen and painful knee: Xi Yan and ST-33.
Beriberi invades the Heart

Treatment Principle: Subdue the Qi, Resolve the toxins and Harmonize the Heart and Lung.
Point Prescription: LU-5, CV-17, PC-8, HT-7, ST-36, and KI-1.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-5 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-17 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 45 degree angle towards CV-16,
with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-8 and HT-7 with twisting even
movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 with twisting even movement needle technique.
Finally, insert 1 cun #34 needles into KI-1 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
Coma: GV-26.
Collapse of Yang: CV-6 and CV-4 with moxibustion.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Toe, Ankle, Knee, Spleen, Kidney, Intestine and Shen Men.
Select 3-4 points from above each time, inserting 0.5 cun #32 ear needles into these points obliquely, 0.3
cun deep at a 45 degree angle with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 40
minutes. Or apply press-balls on these points after regular body acupuncture treatment.
Treat twice a week for 5 treatments as a course.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Lateral line 1 of vertex, Middle line of vertex, and anterior oblique line from vertex to
temple.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these lines transversely 1 cun deep at a 30 degree angle with fast twisting
needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Treat once every week for 5 treatments as a course.
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Moxibustion
Direct moxibustion: GB-31, GB-39, and KI-1.
Moxa pole: Ba Feng, BL-62, and BL-57.
Apply moxa-pole for 15 minutes.
Wrist and Ankle Acupuncture

Treatment area: Upper 2, Upper 5, Lower 2, and Lower 5.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these areas transversely, 1-1.2 cun deep at a 15-degree angle beneath the
skin avoiding any sensation of the needle. Retain all needles for 40 minutes.
Bloodletting
Treatment points: Ba Feng, LV-1, GB-45, and BL-40.
Apply bloodletting technique on these points to squeeze 1-2 drops of blood in each treatment.
For Beriberi with Damp-Cold: KI-6, LV-3, BL-40, and SP-6. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-6, KI-6, and LV-3 with twisting even movement needle technique. Apply
bloodletting technique on BL-40, to squeeze 2-3 drops of blood in each treatment.
For Dry Beriberi with a painful sensation in the knee, ankle and toes:
KI-6, LV-7, BL-60, GB-39, BL-40, SP-6, and GB-34. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-7, GB-34, GB-39, and SP-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting
even movement needle technique; insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-6, BL-40, and BL-60 with twisting even
movement needle technique.
For Beriberi invading the Heart: PC-8, PC-5, and KI-1. (Qian Jing Fang)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-8 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique,
and apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on PC-5 for 11 cones. Apply indirect moxibustion with Fu Zi
(aconite) cake on KI-1 for 5 cones.
For Beriberi with Damp-Heat: LV-4, GB-36, GB-31, and GB-39. (Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing)
Insert 2 cun #30 needles into GB-31 perpendicularly 1.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique
and 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-36 and GB-39 perpendicularly 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting even
movement needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-4 obliquely 0.5-0.8 cun deep at a 60 degree
angle towards the ST-41 direction with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes.
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Beriberi Syndrome
For Beriberi with itching and pain: GB-31, ST-32, ST-36, LI-6, and GB-39. (Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GB-31 for 10 cones, and ST-32 ST-36 LI-6 and GB-39 for 7
cones.
For Dry Beriberi with a painful sensation in the knee, ankle and toes:
KI-6, GB-33, BL-60, BL-40, GB-34, SP-6, and GB-39. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-6 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep at a 60 degree angle towards the ankle with
twisting even movement needle technique. Next insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-33, GB-34 and GB-39
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Finally insert 1 cun #30 needles into
BL-40 and SP-6 with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For Beriberi with interior fever: KI-6, LV-3, BL-40, and PC-6. (Zhen Jiu Gang Yao)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-6 and LV-3 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #34
needles into PC-6 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique. Apply
bloodletting technique on BL-40, in order to squeeze 2-3 drops of blood.
For Beriberi with a burning and painful sensation, with inability to walk: LV-1. (Jiu Fa Mi Chuan)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-1 for 11-15 cones.
For Beriberi with swelling and a painful sensation on the foot: Ba Feng. (Wan Bing Hui Chun)
Apply indirect moxibustion with garlic on the Ba Feng for 6 cones.
For Beriberi with Damp-Heat: SP-9, SP-6, LV-3, GB-44, ST-44, and GB-31. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-9 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with “Tou Tian Lian Fa” (Cool
Penetration of the Sky) technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into SP-6, LV-3, GB-44, and ST-44
perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 2 cun #30 needles into GB-31
perpendicularly, 1.5 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes.
For Beriberi invading the Heart: PC-6, CV-15, GB-34, SP-10, and SP-6. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Inset 1.5 cun #32 needles into PC-6 and CV-15 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30
needles into GB-34, SP-10, and SP-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle
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CASE ANALYSIS
(One ancient case study)
This is a case about Mr. Cai, a governor of the state in the south of China. One day when he was writing,
he suddenly felt a sensation like insects walking from his foot up to his back, and few minutes later he lost
consciousness, falling into a coma for 10 minutes. An acupuncturist then applied direct moxibustion on GB-31 and
all symptoms resolved immediately. The practitioner then explained to Mr. Cai that this is one type of beriberi that
invades the Heart. According to the practitioner, the treatment must consist of over 10 year old moxa-wool burnt
on PC-8, KI-1, and GB-31 for 500 cones (the course of treatment). This means 15-20 cones each treatment until
500 cones have been burnt, signifying the end of treatment. All symptoms disappeared after the 500-cone
moxibustion treatment.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion used in conjunction or separately is very effective for treating beriberi disease
of any pattern. A correct diagnosis is very important during the acupuncture treatment because it will directly
influence the result. But for some problems related to a limited diet, the patient should pay attention to regulate
their food intake to insure enough vitamin B.
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Bi Syndrome
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BI SYNDROME
In the acupuncture clinic Bi Syndrome refers to the symptoms of pain, swelling, heaviness, distention and
numb sensation in the muscles, joints, vessels, bone, meridians, and even in the organs and other tissues. Bi
syndrome in Chinese Medicine is closely associated with other terms such as: “closing,” “obstruction,” and
“stagnation.” TCM thinks Bi syndrome is mainly caused by deficiency of the Interior True Qi. In almost all cases
this disorder can be identified and grouped into two categories of causes. One is External Invasion and the other is
of internal origin.
External Invasion:
Wind, Cold, Heat and Damp Pathogenic Influences invade a deficient body and stagnate in the meridians,
joints, and muscles, even bone or organs causing Bi syndrome. Most of the time Bi syndrome will happen
when in patients with weak body constitutions, or when they live or work for a long time in Damp and Cold
environments.
Organs Disorders:
Organ disorder types usually happen after suffering for a long time with Bi syndrome. In TCM it is called
severe Bi.
DIAGNOSIS
This disorder is so abundant in its variations of symptoms and treatment that it is very hard to make the correct
diagnosis without specific guidelines. In most cases, the presence of Bi syndrome is limited to two major parts of
the body. In each of these two parts, the occurrence consists of a different set of symptoms that requires different
approaches to treatment.
Bi Syndromes in the meridians and collaterals
Wind Bi
This is one of the combination Bi syndromes, which means there are usually more than two External
Pathogenic Influences invading the meridian. The hallmark symptoms are moving pain, which travels like
wind, and the associated signs are joints that are contracted and hard to extend, fever, and aversion to cold.
The tongue is normal with a thin white or a thin yellow coating; the pulse is floating and wiry.
Pain Bi
This is a combination Bi syndrome with Cold being a much more influential factor than the others.
Symptoms of this type are usually severe pain and ache, cold and sore sensation in the joints and muscles,
which is intensified by cold and reduced by rubbing the local area or by application of heat. The tongue is
pale with a thin white coating; the pulse is floating and tight.
Fixed Bi
Another combination Bi syndrome, the predominating factor being Dampness. Hallmark symptoms
include heaviness, soreness and achy sensation in the joints, which is swollen and without color change.
The pain is fixed in a certain area, which is intensified by the weather changes. The tongue is swollen with a
white greasy coating; the pulse is floating and weak.
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Bi Syndrome
Heat Bi
This type of Bi Syndrome is usually comes from the 3 types above, caused by prolonged stagnation of the
Qi and Blood in the local area. The joints are swollen and painful, there is limitation of movement with
Heat symptoms, such as a sore throat, dry mouth, fever (which does not change by the body sweating), and
scanty, reddish urination. The tongue is red with a yellow thick greasy coating; the pulse is floating, weak,
and fast.
Bi Syndromes in the Organs

There are five Bi syndromes in the classical book the Nei Jing. They are Pi Bi (Skin Bi), Ji Bi (Muscle Bi), Mai
Bi (Blood Vessel Bi), Jing Bi (Tendon Bi), and Gu Bi (Bone Bi).
Pi Bi (Skin Bi) is related to the Lung and the main symptoms are numbness and other strange sensations
on the skin. It often takes place in the autumn season.
Ji Bi (Muscle Bi) is related to the Spleen and the main symptoms are weakness, and heavy and painful
sensations in the four extremities or other parts of the body, particularly related to the muscles. It often
takes place in the later of the summer.
Mai Bi (Blood Vessel Bi) is related to the Heart; the main symptoms are tingling, cold or numbness and
painful sensations on the arms, legs and tips of the fingers and toes, blue colored lips, nails and tongue
body. Often the patient feels short of breath and heart palpitations. It usually takes place in the summer.
Jing Bi (Tendon Bi), is related to the Liver and the main symptoms are soreness and achy sensations when
the tendons are moved, tendon contraction, and impotence. It often takes place in the fall.
Gu Bi (Bone Bi) is related to the Kidney and the main symptoms are swelling and stiffness, or painful
sensations in or on the bone, associated with frequent urination and poor memory. It often takes place in
the winter.
**Generally speaking Bi syndrome in the organs is of the deficiency type.
Bi Syndromes in the meridians and collaterals

Treatment Principle: Move the Qi and Blood in the meridians, Expel the Wind, Cold and Damp Pathogenic
Influences, and/or Clear the Heat.
• The combination of Ah Shi points and distal points usually serves well as the main points for the treatment
of Bi syndrome due to Wind, Cold and Dampness.
• Superficial needle insertion and plum blossom needle technique are usually good to treat moving Bi.
• Long needles with a deep insertion technique, or retaining the needles for a longer time period with
moxibustion are good strategies to treat Pain Bi.
• Cupping technique, moxibustion, and the regular insertion of needles are good strategies to treat Damp Bi.
• Bloodletting technique, plum blossom, and superficial needle insertion are good to treat Heat Bi.
Point Prescription:
Main points: GV-14, LI-11, GB-31, and BL-62.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing
needle technique and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needle for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-
11 and GB-31 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-62 obliquely towards the
direction of the joint with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
101
Additional points for associated symptoms:

Shoulder pain: LI-15, TW-14, and SI-10.
Elbow and arm pain: LI-4, TW-5, TW-10, and LU-5.
Wrist pain: LI-5, TW-5, TW-4, and SI-4.
Upper back pain: GV-26, GV-12, and GV-3.
Hip pain: GV-30, GB-29, and GB-39.
Thigh pain: BL-54, BL-36, and GB-34.
Knee pain: Xi Yan, ST-34, SP-9, and GB-33.
Ankle pain: BL-62, KI-6, GB-42, and BL-60.
Moving Bi: BL-10.
Pain Bi: BL-23 and CV-4
Fixed Bi: BL-20, ST-36, and SP-9.
Heat Bi: GV-14 and LI-11.
Bi Syndromes in the Organs
Treatment Principle: Regulate the Qi, Harmonize the Organs, and Expel the Pathogenic Influence.
Point Prescription:
Pi Bi (Skin Bi)
Point Prescription: LU-5, LU-9, SP-6, CV-6, and Ah Shi points.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LU-5, LU-9, and SP-6 with twisting even movement needle technique.
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-6 with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the
handle of needle for 3 cones.
Apply medium stimulation of a plum blossom needle on the local Ah Shi areas, and then apply fire cups there for 5
minutes. Or insert 1 cun #30 needles into the local area with the “Yang Ci” technique. (This is one kind of ancient
needle technique—superficial insertion, one needle in the middle four others surrounding it.) Or insert 3 cun #30
needles into the Ah Shi points transversely, 2.5 cun deep at a 15 degree angle with twisting reducing needle
Ji Bi (Muscle Bi)
Point Prescription: LI-11, SP-9, SP-3, SP-10, BL-20, and Ah Shi points.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-20 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into
LI-11, SP-9, SP-10, and SP-3 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into local Ah Shi points with the “He Gu Ci” technique. (This is one of the ancient
needle techniques, using lifting and thrusting needle technique towards different directions within the point.) Apply
Electro-acupuncture with a continuous wave for 20 minutes.
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Bi Syndrome
Mai Bi (Vessel Bi)

Point Prescription: BL-15, BL-17, BL-18, BL-20, HT-7, PC-6, SP-6, and Ah Shi points.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-15, BL-17, BL-18, and BL-20 with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for three cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into HT-7
and PC-6 with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into local Ah Shi points (especially blue vein areas) with the “Bao Wen Ci” technique. (This
is one of the ancient needle techniques, like the bloodletting technique.) Do not retain the needles.
If the patient has severe Heart Bi symptoms, apply indirect moxibustion with salt on CV-8, and moxa-pole on GV-
20, perform until the body temperature, pulse, and heart beat return to normal.
Jing Bi (Tendon Bi)

Point Prescription: KI-3, LV-8, LV-3, LI-4, LI-10, ST-36, and Ah Shi points.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into KI-3, LV-3, and LI-4 with twisting reinforcing needle technique, along with
1.5 cun needles into LI-11 and ST-36 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for
20 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 or #28 needles into local Ah Shi points with the “Guan Ci” technique. (Another of the ancient
needle techniques, consisting of needles inserted near the tendons).
Gu Bi (Bone Bi)
Point Prescription: KI-3, KI-10, CV-4, GV-14, GV-4, BL-23, and Ah Shi points.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into KI-3 with twisting reinforcing needle technique, 1.5 cun #30 needles into
KI-10, CV-4, GV-14, GV-4, and BL-23 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool on
the handle of needles for 3 cones.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into local Ah Shi points with the “Shu Ci” technique. (Another of ancient needle
techniques—insert the needle perpendicularly and deeply in order to move the needle like it’s massaging the bone).
Moxibustion
Indirect moxibustion for Heat Bi syndrome (chronic rheumatoid arthritis)
Apply indirect moxibustion with garlic on the GV Meridian
Apply Ban Se Fen herb powder on the GV Meridian from GV-14 to GV-2, and then put mashed
garlic on the herb powder (about 2 pounds of garlic) as much as 5 cm wide and 3 cm high in size.
Apply moxa wool on the garlic 2 cm wide on the bottom, and 3 cm high. Light it from GV-14,
GV-2, and GV-11 until all the moxa wool is burned.
Treat once every year for 3 treatments as a course.
Direct moxibustion for Cold and Damp Bi syndrome
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on local Ah Shi points and BL-11, and GV-4 for 7 cones.
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Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Middle line of forehead, Middle line of vertex, Upper Middle line of occipital, Anterior
and Posterior oblique line from vertex to temple.
Select 3 lines in each treatment; insert 1.5 cun #32 needles transversely 1 cun deep with fast twisting needle
technique. Retain all needles for 40 minutes, to treat pain Bi syndrome.

Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these lines transversely, 1.2 cun deep with slow insertion needle technique,
and adjust the needles to avoid any sensation. Retain all needles for 40 minutes to treat Wind and Damp Bi
syndrome.
Cupping
Treatment area: Back
Apply fire cups on GV-14, BL-13, BL-43, and BL-20 for 5 minutes, to treat Wind Bi syndrome. Apply
moving cups along the Urinary Bladder meridian and the Conception Vessel to treat Damp Bi syndrome.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Chest, Back, Arms and Legs.
Apply medium stimulation of Gua Sha on the back, along inside of scapula, until the Sha appears.
Apply weak simulation of Gua Sha technique on the PC-3 and BL-40 areas for a few minutes until
red marks appear.
Apply medium Gua Sha technique on the chest along the Kidney meridian until Sha appears, to
treat acute Wind Bi syndrome (acute arthritis).
Ear Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Lung, Heart, Kidney, Shoulder, Knee, Wrist, Ankle, Shen Men, and Endocrine.
Select 3 points with Shen Men and Endocrine in each treatment; insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles into these
points obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 30 degree angle, with fast twisting needle technique. Retain all needles for
40 minutes. Or apply press-balls on one side of the ear as a supplemental treatment after body acupuncture.
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Bi Syndrome
TRADITIONAL PRESCRIPTIONS
For Acute Bi syndrome with pain: ST-9. (Ji Ling Zhong Yi Za Zi)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into ST-9 perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique. Retain needles 3 minutes.
For Bi syndrome with pain: ST-25, CV-9, and SP-6. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Ji Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-6 obliquely towards the direction of meridian flow, 1.2 cun deep with
twisting even movement technique until the sensation of the needle travels up to the thigh and lower
abdomen region. Retain needles for 20 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-25, and CV-9 perpendicularly, 0.8 to 1.2 cun deep with twisting even
movement technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For Bi syndrome on the toes, with difficulty and limited movement, associated with dizziness and rebellious Qi:
BL-58. (Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-58 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique until the sensation the needle travels down to the heel. Retain the needles for 20 minutes. Or
apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 to 4 cones.
For Moving Bi syndrome on the arms with painful and soreness:
GB-21, LI-11, LI-10, LI-9, LI-13, LU-8, and LI-8 (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-21, LI-11, LI-10, and LI-9 perpendicularly, with lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-13, LU-8,
and LI-8 perpendicularly, 0.8 to 1 cun deep with twisting reducing technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes. Or apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones.
For Wind Bi syndrome: TW-10, LU-5, SI-8, BL-40, and GB-36. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-10, LU-5, and ST-36 perpendicularly with twisting reducing needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SI-8 transversely against the meridian flow, 1.2 cun deep with
even movement twisting technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes. Insert 1 cun #28 needles into BL-40
with twisting reducing technique and opening of the acupuncture whole when withdrawing the needles to
make 1-2 drops of blood leak out.
For Wind Bi syndrome: CV-1, LU-9, TW-13, KI-3, and Ah Shi. (Shen Ji Zhong Lu)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-1 and TW-13 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique, and 1 cun #30 needles into LU-9 and KI-3 with lifting the thrusting reinforcing needle
technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Insert 1 cun #30 needles for the Ah Shi points, with waving
and enlarging the acupuncture whole technique, without retaining.
For Wind, Cold and Damp Bi syndrome:
Moxibustion: GB-30, BL-20, and BL-23. (Jiu Fa Mi Chuan)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-30, BL-20, and BL-23 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting the
thrusting reinforcing needle technique, taking out all needles after the patient feels the Qi sensation in the
points. Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on these points for 5 cones.
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For Wind Bi syndrome in the arms:

Moxibustion: LI-11, TW-5, LI-4, and TW-3. (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LI-11, TW-5, LI-4, and TW-3 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with even
movement needle technique. Apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 5 cones. Or apply direct
moxibustion on these points for 7 cones without needles.
For Wind Bi syndrome: GB-37, GB-33, BL-40, TW-10, LU-5, and SI-8. (Zhen Jiu Fen Yuan)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-37, GB-33, and LU-5 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-40, TW-10, and SI-8 with twisting even
movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
The following are all from the Shen Yin Jing.

For Wind Bi syndrome with headache: BL-59.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-59 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique.
For Wind Bi syndrome with arm pain: TW-10.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-10 obliquely upwards at a 60-degree angle with twisting
reducing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones.
For Wind Bi syndrome with shoulder and elbow pain: SI-9 and LU-5.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SI-9 and LU-5 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with the Qing Long Bai
Wei (Green Dragon Waves its Tail) technique.
For Wind Bi syndrome with arm contraction: LI-11 and LI-4.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-11 and LI-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting
reinforcing needle technique.
Treat once every other day for 3 to 5 treatments as a course for all of the above.
The following are all from the Yu Long Ge.

For Damp Bi syndrome: ST-40, LU-7, and ST-38.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LU-7 transversely, 0.8 cun deep at a 30 degree angle upwards with
twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-40 and ST-38
perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and apply moxa
wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones.
For Damp Bi syndrome with a sore and heavy sensation in the legs: SP-6 and ST-38.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-6 with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30
needles into ST-38 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30
minutes.
For Damp Bi syndrome with a tight sensation in the tendons: GB-39.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-39 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones.
For Damp Bi syndrome with walking problems: SP-8.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-8 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique. Retain needles for 20 minutes.
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Bi Syndrome
For Damp Bi syndrome with numbness and heavy sensation in the whole body: LV-4, BL-63, and GB-39.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into GB-39 and BL-63 with twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones.
For Damp Bi syndrome with weakness in the lower extremities: LV-6 and BL-40.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-6 transversely, 1 cun deep towards the LV-5 direction with
twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-40 with waving needle
Treat usually once every other day for 5 treatments as a course for all of the above.
For Pain Bi in the four extremities: SP-4, LI-11, GB-31, TW-5, GB-34, SP-6, and LI-10. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-10 and TW-5 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1
cun #32 needles into SP-4 and SP-6 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles
into LI-11 and GB-34 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with Tou Tian Lian Fa (Cool Penetration of the
Sky) technique. Insert 2 cun #32 needles into GB-31 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all
CASE ANALYSIS
This is a case of a 39 year-old male patient with main symptoms of knee pain and swelling. It intensified recently a
week ago, sharp pain bothers him day and night; he even cannot sit, sleep or walk. Severe pain is felt in the swollen
areas of both knee joints, accompanied with a red color and associated with poor sleep, sore and tight back and legs.
The tongue is red with a yellow thin coating; the pulse is wiry.
Diagnosis: Pain Bi with Heat.
Treatment Principle: Move the Qi and Blood, Reduce the Heat and Stop the pain.
Point Prescription: ST-44, GB-34, ST-36, LI-4, BL-23, GV-14, LI-5, and ST-34.
Treated once every other day for 3 treatments as a course.
Technique: 1 cun #32 needles were inserted into ST-44 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-34, ST-36, and ST-32 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique. 1 cun #32 needles were then inserted into LI-4 and LI-5 with twisting even
movement needle technique. All needles were retained for 20 minutes.
1.5 cun #32 needles were then inserted into GV-14 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles
into BL-23 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. All needles were retained for 10 minutes.
Results: The swelling was reduced and the red color was gone after 3 treatments; the pain was reduced to near 40%,
but the patient still felt stiffness in the knee joints.
2nd Course:
Point Prescription: ST-35, Xi Yan, SP-10, SP-6, LI-11, BL-24, BL-40, and BL-57.
Treated twice a week for 3 treatments as a course.
Technique: 1.5 cun #32 needles were inserted into ST-35 and Xi Yan obliquely, 1.2 cun deep with Long Hu
Jiao Zhan, Dragon and Tiger Battle technique. 1 cun #32 needles were then inserted into SP-10, SP-6, and
LI-11 with lifting and thrusting even movement needle technique. All needles were retained for 20 minutes.
1.5 cun #32 needles were then inserted into BL-24, BL-40, and BL-57 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with
lifting and thrusting even movement needle technique. All needles were retained for 10 minutes.
Results: The knee joints returned to normal size and all pain and stiffness had disappeared.
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EVALUATION
Needle and moxibustion techniques can directly influence the effects of treatment in regards to Bi
Syndrome. In order to make the correct diagnosis, specific examination of the pulse and the tongue must first be
taken into careful consideration. Such examples are the “Shao Shan Huo” technique to treat patients with Cold Bi
syndrome with a pale tongue body and a deep pulse, and the “Tou Tian Liang” technique to treat patients with Heat
Bi, presenting with a red tongue body and floating fast pulse. During acupuncture and moxibustion treatment,
patients can perform suitable exercises, and receive other treatments, such as herbal therapy, physical therapy, etc.
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Chronic Fatigue Syndrome—Xu Lao
109
CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME—XU LAO

Chronic fatigue syndrome has been known to affect most people at some point in their lives. This disorder
is not simply another manifestation of a specific antigen reaction in the body. Rather insufficient Qi, Blood, Yin and
Yang, or an organ disorder characterizes this condition. In TCM, it is attributed to various factors that are
commonly linked to lifestyle and symptoms of other energy consuming diseases.
Congenital problems
This pathology is due to a genetic problem causing weakness of the Kidney Qi and Essence, or some
diseases that occur in woman and babies during pregnancy. It is not uncommon to have chronic fatigue
syndrome occur in a baby when he or she is born.
Over working
Over working and unhealthy emotional activities will cause chronic fatigue syndrome. In TCM, it is said that
“reading for a long time will exhaust the Blood, lying down for a long time will exhaust the Qi, sitting a long
time will exhaust the muscles, standing a long time will hurt the bone and walking a long time will easily
damage the tendons.”
In daily life, if people are bothered by unhealthy emotional activities, they may experience chronic fatigue as
well. For instance, over-thinking will hurt the Spleen Qi; anger will impair the Liver; sadness will damage
the Lung Qi; anxiety and depression will hurt the Heart Qi; and uncontrolled excessive sexual activities will
hurt the Kidney Essence.
Improper food intake

Improper eating habits easily impair the Stomach and Spleen. Therefore, chronic fatigue syndrome will
appear after a long-term deficiency of the Spleen and Stomach.
After other severe diseases

Some severe diseases or injuries will seriously hurt the body energy, including the Qi, Blood, Yin and Yang.
After disease, if patients don’t get good rest and recuperation, more illness can occur. Long-term deficiency
syndromes will lead to other organ problems.
DIAGNOSIS
Deficiency of Heart Blood and Spleen Qi

Symptoms include heart palpitations, insomnia with many dreams or even nightmares, poor appetite, a
bloated abdomen, lassitude, a pale complexion, possible chronic bleeding, or even scanty menstruation in
women. The tongue is pale with a thin white coating; the pulse is thin and weak.
Lung and Stomach Yin Deficiency
Symptoms include a gradual weight loss, a dry mouth and throat, heat sensation in the palms and soles,
night sweats, tidal fever, a poor appetite, dry heaves, and hiccupping, a dry cough or bloody phlegm and dry
stool. The tongue is red and dry without a coating; the pulse is thin and fast.
Deficiency of Spleen Yang
Symptoms include a poor appetite, lassitude, a chilly sensation in the limbs, a pale complexion, a bloated
abdomen with borborygmus, easing of symptoms with warmth and pressure, watery diarrhea containing
undigested food and a large amount of clear leukorrhea in female patients. The tongue is pale with a white
coating; the pulse is weak and deep.
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Deficiency of Kidney Yang

Symptoms include a pale complexion, a cold sensation inside and in the four extremities, dawn or early
morning diarrhea, a sore and cold sensation in the low back and both knees, impotence in males and
infertility in females. The tongue is pale and swollen; the pulse is deep, thin and weak.
Deficiency of Yin in both the Liver and the Kidney
Symptoms include dizziness and vertigo, ringing in the ear, a dry mouth and throat, a sore and achy
sensation in the low back and hypochondriac region, five-heart heat, a malar flush, and scanty menstruation
in females. The tongue is red without a coating; the pulse is thin and fast.
Deficiency of Heart Blood and Spleen Qi

Treatment Principle: Nourish the Heart Blood, and Reinforce the Spleen Qi.
Point Prescription: HT-7, CV-6, ST-36, SP-4, PC-6, BL-15, and BL-20.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-15 obliquely 1 cun deep towards the spinal column, at a 60 degree
angle with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-20 perpendicularly 1 cun deep
with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool on the handles of the needles for 3
cones. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into SP-4, PC-6, and HT-7 perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.4 cun deep with a twisting even
movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-6 and ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a
twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
Additional points for the treatment of other symptoms:
Heart palpitation: PC-7 and CV-14.
Severe blood deficiency: BL-17 and BL-18 with direct non-scarring moxibustion for 7 cones.
For severe bleeding: SP-1 with direct non-scarring moxibustion for 9 cones.
Lung and Stomach Yin Deficiency

Treatment Principle: Nourish Lung Yin, and Harmonize the Stomach.
Point Prescription: LU-9, ST-36, CV-4, LU-5, CV-12, BL-13, BL-43, BL-21, BL-23, and GV-12.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #34 needles into LU-9, LU-5, ST-36 and CV-12 perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with a
twisting reinforcing needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #34 needle into CV-4 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing
Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into BL-21, BL-23 and GV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-13 perpendicularly, 0.6 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-43 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun to 0.5 cun deep with the
Qi Ci technique (one of the ancient needle techniques with one needle in the middle and two other on each side)
and a waving needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes.
Additional points the treatment of other symptoms:
Dry cough: GV-14 and BL-12.
Interior heat: KI-2 and HT-6.
Constipation: ST-25 and BL-25.
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Deficiency of Spleen Yang

Treatment Principle: Warm the Spleen and Kidney Yang, and promote water metabolism.
Point Prescription: SP-4, ST-36, CV-6, CV-9, BL-20, BL-18, and GV-14.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-20, BL-18 and GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun
#34 needles into SP-4 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 with a
twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-6 and CV-9 for 5 cones.
Bloated abdomen: SP-15 and KI-13.
Vomiting: CV-17 and SP-18.
Water retention: BL-22 with direct non-scarring moxibustion for 9 cones.
Deficiency of Kidney Yang

Treatment Principle: Warm the Kidney Yang.
Point Prescription: KI-3, ST-36, HT-7, CV-4, ST-28, BL-52, GV-4, and GV-14.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #34 needles into KI-3 and HT-7 perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.4 cun deep with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 and ST-28 perpendicularly, with a lifting and
thrusting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool onto the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Apply
indirect moxibustion with a Fu Zi (aconite) cake on CV-4 for 5 cones. Then insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-14
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool onto the
handle of the needle for 3 cones. Apply indirect moxibustion on GV-4 and BL-52 for 5 cones.
Seminal emission: HT-6 and LV-8.
Bed-wetting: CV-6 and BL-32.
Dawn diarrhea: SP-9 and KI-13.
Impotence: BL-23 and BL-32.
Edema: CV-9 and BL-22 with indirect moxibustion with ginger for 5 cones.
Deficiency Yin of both the Liver and Kidney

Treatment Principle: Nourish Kidney Yin, and Reinforce the Liver.
Point Prescription: KI-3, LV-3, GV-20, CV-4, HT-4, ST-36, BL-23, BL-18, and BL-43.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #34 needles into KI-3, LV-3, and HT-4 perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 and CV-4 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with
a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into GV-20 obliquely, 0.7 cun deep at a 45 degree angle towards the back with a lifting
and thrusting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into
BL-18 and BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles
into BL-43 transversely, 1 to 1.2 cun deep at a 30 degree angle towards the BL-44 direction with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes.
112

Headache: Tai Yang and Yin Tang.
Interior heat: HT-6 and KI-2.
Dizziness: Si Shen Cong and BL-10.
Muscle ache: SP-10, BL-17, and BL-18.
Seminal emission: KI-4and GV-4.
Ear Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Heart, Lung, Spleen, Kidney, Liver, Shen Men, Endocrine, Sympathetic, Brain Stem,
and Occipital.
Select 4 to 5 points each treatment, apply press-balls to these points and let the patient press them 4 to 5
times daily. Or, insert 0.5 cun #34 ear acupuncture needles into these points obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 40
degree angle with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Moxibustion
Direct moxibustion: CV-6, GV-4, KI-6, GV-14, and BL-43.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-6 and KI-6 for 9 cones and 11 cones on GV-14, BL-
43 and GV-4.
Indirect moxibustion: CV-8, CV-4, GV-12, BL-23, and Shi Qi Zhui Xia.
Apply indirect moxibustion with “Rou Gui” cake (Rou Gui, Fang Feng, Ding Xiang, and Bing
Pian) on these points for 3 cones.
Moxa pole: GV-20, CV-4, CV-12, and KI-1.
Apply moxa-pole on KI-1 for 20 minutes, on CV-4 and CV-12 for 15 minutes, and on GV-20 for
10 minutes.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Back and Chest.
Apply weak stimulation of Gua Sha technique on the upper back from GV-15 to GV-9 and BL-10 to BL-20
and BL-49 until a red color appears and a heat sensation is produced. Apply weak stimulation of Gua Sha
on the chest from CV-21 to CV-17 and KI-27 to 21 until a red color appears.
Treat one or twice a week for 7 treatments as a course.
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Plum Blossom Needle

Treatment area: BL-13, BL-15, BL-18, BL-43, BL-44, BL-45, BL-23, SP-6, and ST-36.
Apply medium stimulation of the Plum-blossom needle technique on all back points for 5 to 7 minutes until
a red color appears. Apply weak stimulation of the Plum-blossom needle technique on SP-6 and ST-36 for 5
minutes.
Intradermal Needle
Point Prescription: BL-13, BL-43, GV-14, BL-20, BL-23, CV-6, SP-6, ST-36, and CV-17.
Select 5 points from the above prescription each time, and apply intradermal needles in the points selected
and retain them for 5 days.
TRADITIONAL PRECRIPTIONS AND TECHNIQUES
For chronic fatigue with seminal emission: CV-4, KI-13, LV-4, and CV-2. (Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into KI-13 and CV-4 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool onto the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Apply
direct non-scarring moxibustion on KI-13 and LV-4 for 7 cones.
For chronic fatigue with shortness and breath: HT-7, LU-9, BL-13, BL-15, BL-43, and CV-6.
(Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into HT-7 and LU-9 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique. Apply indirect moxibustion with Fu Zi (aconite) cake on CV-6 for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun
#34 needles into BL-13 and BL-15 perpendicularly, 0.7 cun deep with a lifting and trusting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-43 for 7 cones.
For chronic fatigue with a hypo-active Shen: CV-4, BL-43, CV-15, KI-4, and ST-40. (Qian Jin Fang)
Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into ST-40 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into KI-4 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun to 0.5 cun deep with a twisting even
movement needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-4, BL-43 and CV-15 for 9
cones.
For chronic fatigue with deficiency of Blood and poor sleep: BL-13, BL-18, CV-12, ST-36, and HT-6. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 and CV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-13, BL-18 and HT-6 for 9 cones.
For chronic fatigue with irregular menstruation: CV-6, CV-4, BL-17, BL-19, SP-10, and LV-3. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-17 and BL-19 for 11 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into
CV-6 and SP-10 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1 cun #34
needles into LV-3 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply indirect
moxibustion with ginger on CV-4 for 5 cones.
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For chronic fatigue with weak urination: CV-3, ST-28, GV-4, BL-52, KI-3, SP-9, and GV-20.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-4 and BL-52 for 9 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into
CV-3 and ST-28 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, apply moxa wool
to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into SP-9 and KI-3 with a twisting even
movement needle technique. Apply a moxa-pole on GV-20 for 20 minutes.
For chronic fatigue with loose stool: GV-14, CV-6, LV-13, BL-23, and BL-25. (Zi Shen Jing)
Insert 2 cun #32 needles into BL-23 and BL-25 perpendicularly, 1.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool onto the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Apply direct non-
scarring moxibustion on GV-14 for 11 cones. Insert a 1.5 cun #34 needle into CV-6 perpendicularly, 1 to
1.2 cun deep with an even movement needle technique until the sensation of Qi travels from the point, and
apply moxa wool onto the handle of the needle for 3 cones. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-
13 for 9 cones.
For chronic fatigue with impotence: GV-4, GV-14, GV-9, BL-54, CV-4, KI-3, and LV-8.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into GV-4, GV-14 and GV-9 perpendicularly, 0.7 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting reinforcing needle technique until the sensation of Qi travels along the spinal column, and apply
moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 3 cun #32 needles into BL-54 obliquely, 2 to
2.5 cun deep at a 60 degree angle towards the genital region with a twisting reinforcing needle technique
until the sensation of the needle travels to the front of the lower abdomen. Retain the needles for 20
minutes.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-3 and LV-8 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique. Apply indirect moxibustion with a Fu Zi (aconite) cake on CV-4 for 3 to 5 cones.
For chronic fatigue with a heavy sensation in the body: CV-9, LI-11, GV-14, SP-9, and ST-40. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-11, SP-9, ST-40 and GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with Shao Shan
Huo—Burning the Mountain, (one of the reinforcing needle techniques) until a heat sensation is produced.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-9 for 3 cones.
For chronic fatigue with dizziness and vertigo: BL-62, KI-6, ST-36, CV-4, BL-11, GV-14, BL-23, BL-18, and GV-20.
Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into CV-4 and ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles slowly into KI-6 perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep
(slowly inserting the needle is one kind of moving the Qi technique) slowly inserted into the point with a
twisting and pressing technique for around 3 minutes.
Insert a 1 cun #34 needle into GV-20 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep at a 45 degree angle with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Retain all the needles for 30 minutes.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-62 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-18, BL-23 and GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a
twisting reinforcing needle technique and apply moxa wool onto the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
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For chronic fatigue with insomnia and a tendency towards anger:

SP-4, PC-6, GB-41, LI-3, GV-24, GV-16, BL-10, BL-44, BL-18 (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-10 and BL-18 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and a 1 cun #34 needle into GV-16 perpendicularly, 0.6 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting even movement needle technique.
Apply medium stimulation of the plum blossom needle technique on BL-44 for 3 minutes. Retain all
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into SP-4 and PC-6 perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep with a twisting even
movement needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3, GV-41 and GV-24 with a twisting reducing
needle technique. Retain all the needles for 20 minutes.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 42 year-old female patient has a main complaint of chronic fatigue for 5 years and had been diagnosed
with a hypothyroid and chronic fatigue syndrome 3 years ago. She feels numbness and heaviness in the body and
the limbs with a dull sensation on the skin. She is tired, oversleeps, and is without energy. She also has shortness of
breath and heart palpitations, ringing in the ear, dizziness, a pale complexion, soreness and weakness in the back and
legs, along with edema around the ankles. The tongue is swollen and pale with a white wet coating; the pulse is deep,
thin and weak.
Diagnosis: Insufficient Kidney Qi.
Treatment Principle: Warm the Kidney Yang, and Move the Qi.
Point Prescription: CV-4, GV-4, KI-5, SP-9, ST-36, GV-20, GV-14, BL-11, and BL-23.
Treated twice a week for 7 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-11and GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique and apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-23 and GV-4 for 9 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #34
needles into CV-4, ST-36, and SP-9 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool onto the
handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-5 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting
even movement needle technique, and a 1 cun #32 needle into GV-20 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep at a 45 degree angle
with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Result: The energy improved after 7 treatments and the sleep was reduced from over 12 hours to less than 9 hours.
After a three-course treatment, she felt like a normal person with normal energy.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective in treating “chronic fatigue syndrome.” But, for some
cases that are caused by severe internal disorders, such as heart attack, wind stroke or severe infections, acupuncture
therapy is only a supplemental treatment. In these severe cases, surgery or other immediate western medicine is
recommended to avoid immediate danger.
The basic principle of TCM chronic fatigue treatment is to build up the Qi, Blood, Yin and Yang. A
diagnosis that is correct according to TCM theory will help make an effective prescription and determine appropriate
needle techniques. During the treatment period, the patient should have continuous treatment because the body
needs time to adjust to a proper functioning of the Qi and Blood. During the treatment course, practitioners should
check the food intake and the emotional output of the patients to avoid allergic food reactions and bad emotional
stimulation.
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Common Cold
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COMMON COLD
The Common Cold is an infectious disease of the respiratory tract that can affect almost everyone. Under
years of observation and studies it is believed to be viral in nature and remains dormant in the patient throughout his
or her life until moments of immune weakness. It is characterized by a stuffy nose, rhinorrhea, cough, headache;
aversion to cold, fever, and in severe cases will transfer to a febrile disease.
In Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Common Cold is caused by External Pathogenic Influences, such as
Wind-Cold, Wind-Heat, or Wind-Damp and so forth. Rather than having the emphasis placed on the treatment of
related symptoms, TCM uses the combination of herbs and acupuncture treatments to prevent the outbreak and
suppress the viral infection.
DIAGNOSIS
Excess types
Wind-Cold
A morbid condition due to Wind-Cold Pathogenic Invasion, the clinical manifestations are severe aversion
to cold, slight fever, absence of sweat, headache, aching pain of extremities, stuffy nose with nasal discharge,
cough with thin sputum, a thin and whitish coating of the tongue, and a floating and tight pulse.
Wind-Heat
Usually caused by a Wind-Heat Pathogenic Invasion, the clinical features are high fever, slight aversion to
cold, headache, sore throat with congestion, expectoration of yellowish sputum, thirst with or without
epitasis, a reddened tongue with a thin and yellowish coating, along with a floating and rapid pulse.
Summer Damp
This pathology usually occurs in cases of gastro-intestinal influenza, pertaining to the syndrome of Exterior
Cold and Interior Dampness, and is marked by fever, aversion to cold, vomiting, diarrhea, a feeling of
fullness and stuffiness in the chest and hypochondriac region, a thick and greasy fur on the tongue, and a
floating and slippery pulse.
Deficiency types
Qi Deficiency
This is a condition due to the body’s general Qi deficiency, in which a Pathogenic Influence attacks it. The
clinical features are the usual common cold symptoms with shortness of breath, tire to speak, lassitude,
dizziness, a pale and swollen tongue body with a white thin coating, and a floating and weak pulse.
Blood Deficiency
This is a condition due to the body’s Blood deficiency, where a Pathogenic Influence invades the body. The
clinical features are the usual common cold symptoms with a pale complexion, dizziness, heart palpitations,
pale lips and nails, a pale tongue body with a thin white coating, and a thin and weak pulse.
Yang Deficiency
A condition due to the body’s Yang Qi deficiency along with an invasion by a Pathogenic Influence. The
clinical manifestations are the usual common cold symptoms with a pronounce cold sensation over the
body and four extremities, a pale complexion, a swollen and pale tongue body with a white thin coating, and
a deep and weak pulse.
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Common Cold
Yin Deficiency
This is a syndrome due to the body’s Yin deficiency, which allows a Pathogenic Influence to invade the
body. The clinical manifestations are the usual common cold symptoms with restlessness, thirst, dry throat,
heat sensation in the palms and soles, a red tongue, and a thin and fast pulse.
Excess types
Wind Cold syndrome
Treatment Principle: Release the Exterior and Expel the Wind-Cold.
Point Prescription: LU-7, LI-20, SI-7, BL-10, GV-20, and LI-4.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SI-7 and BL-10 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-7, LI-4, and GV-20 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique, along with 1 cun #32 needles into LI-20, transversely towards the extra point Bi Tong, 0.8 cun
deep with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Severe headache: Yin Tang and Tai Yang.
Tender and achy sensation on the back: Apply fire cupping on BL-13, or a moving cups from GV-
14 to GV-4 and stop on the area bilateral to T-3 and retain for 5-7 minutes.
Wind Heat syndrome

Treatment Principle: Expel the Wind-Heat and move the stagnation of the Lung Qi.
Point Prescription: LU-5, LU-10, LI-11, ST-44, GV-14, and TW-5.
Treat once daily 3 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with rubbing needle
technique (rub the needle clockwise) and continue until the sensation of the needle travels down along the
spinal column. Retain needle for 3 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LU-5, LI-11, and TW-5 with a lifting the thrusting reducing needle
Apply bloodletting on LU-10 and ST-44 to make 1 to 2 drops of blood before concluding treatment.
Severe sore throat: Use bloodletting technique on the LU-10.
Children with high fever or even in a coma: GV-26 and Shi Xuan with enlarging and closing
reducing technique, along with bloodletting technique on Shi Xuan.
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Summer Damp-Heat
Treatment Principle: Clear the Summer-Heat and Resolve the Damp, Expel the Exterior and Harmonize the
Interior.
Point Prescription: LU-6, LI-4, CV-12, ST-36, and TW-5.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-12 perpendicularly, 0.8 to 1 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LU-6, LI-4, ST-36, and TW-5 with a twisting
reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
High fever: GV-14
Heaviness or other Damp related signs: SP-9
Bloating abdomen and loose stool: ST-25
Deficiency types:
Treatment Principle: Build up the body’s Qi and Expel Pathogenic Influence.
Point Prescription: LU-5, LU-9, ST-40, SP-9, BL-13, BL-20, and GV-14.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-13, BL-20, and GV-14 with even movement needle technique
and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LU-5, LU-9, ST-
40, and SP-9 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Yang Qi Deficiency: ST-36 and BL-43 with moxibustion.
Yin and Blood Deficiency: BL-13, SP-10, and KI-6 with twisting reinforcing technique.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Lung, Trachea, Inner Nose, Tip of Ear, Stomach, Spleen, and Triple Warmer.
Selecting 3 points in per treatment, insert 0.5 cun #34 ear acupuncture needles into these points obliquely at
a 30-degree angle with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain the needles for 30 minutes.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zone: Middle line of the vertex.
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle transversely at a 30 degree angle, 1 cun deep backwards with fast twisting needle
technique for 3 minutes. Retain the needle for 1 hour.
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Common Cold
Plum Blossom Needle

Treatment area: Upper back, and Forearm.
Apply medium stimulation of a plum blossom needle on the upper back from C-6 to T-7, along the GV and
Bladder meridian until red marks appear. Apply weak stimulation of a plum blossom needle on the forearm
along the Lung meridian from LU-5 to LU-9.
Gua Sha
Treatment area:
Chest: along the Stomach meridian and Conception vessel
Back: along the first and second line of the Bladder meridian
Neck: along the Stomach meridian
Forearms: along the three Hand Yin meridians, from elbow to wrist
Apply medium stimulation of Gua Sha on these areas, until dark red or purple dots (Sha) appear, for the
treatment of Cold with Damp-Heat.

Treatment area: Upper 1 and 2: both sides of the wrist.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 or #34 needles into these treatment zones subcutaneously, 1.2 cun deep, avoiding any
sensation. Retain all needles for 40 minutes.
Moxibustion
Points: CV-6, GV-14, BL-13, and BL-43.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-6, CV-4, BL-13, and BL-43 for three cones.
Moxa pole
Points: CV-8, BL-13, and BL-43.
Apply moxa pole on CV-8, BL-13, and BL-43 for 25 minutes, to treat Wind Cold with Lung Qi
deficiency.
Treat one or twice daily, 5 treatments as a course.
Cupping
Treatment area: Upper back.
Apply fire cups on GV-14, BL-13, and BL-43 for 3 to 5 minutes, or apply a moving cup on the upper back
along the Bladder meridian for 3 minutes until red marks appear.
121
For Cold due to Wind Heat: GV-13, and BL-13. (Bai Zhen Fu)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-13 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with rubbing technique (rub the needle
count clockwise) until the sensation of the needle travels. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-13 with lifting
and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes.
For Cold due to Wind Cold Pathogenic Invasion, after intake of “Gui Zhi Tang”: GB-20 and GV-16. (Shan Han Lun)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-20 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique, and a 1 cun #30 needle into GV-16 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all
For Cold in the Tai Yang meridian; preventing transfer to the Yang Ming meridian: ST-36 and LU-5. (Shan Han Lun)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LU-5 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all
For Cold with fever and aversion to cold without sweat, headache, back achiness, a and floating pulse: LI-4.
(Zhen Jiu Zhai Ying Ji)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LI-4 perpendicularly, with twisting reducing needle technique for 5 minutes,
or until a heat sensation has appeared in the body. Retain the needles for 15 minutes.
Treat one or twice daily for 3 treatments as a course.
For Cold due to Wind Cold Pathogenic Influence: LU-7, LI-20, SI-7, BL-12, GB-20, and LI-11.
(Zhen Jiu Cu Fang Da Quan)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-20 and BL-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting
reducing technique; take the needles out when the Qi travels. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LU-7, LI-20, SI-
7, and LI-11with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10-15 minutes.
For Cold due to Wind Heat Pathogenic Influence: GV-4, LI-11, TW-5, LU-5, and LU-10. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert a 1 or 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique and take the needle out when the Qi travels. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-11, LU-5, and LU-
10 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes.
Treat once every day, 3-4 treatments as a course.
For Excess of Cold: GV-14, GB-20, and BL-13. (Shen Yin Jing)
Let the patient drink a cup of hot water before treatment. Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-14
perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with rubbing (count-clock wise) technique; let the sensation of the needle
travel on the back. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-20 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even
movement technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-13 with waving needle technique. Retain all needles
for 15 minutes.
Apply fire cups on GV-14 and BL-13 for 3 minutes after finishing the acupuncture treatment.
122
Common Cold
For Cold due to Wind Heat Invasion: GV-16, GB-20, GV-14, LI-11, ST-36, TW-6, ST-44, BL-41, and BL-42.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11, ST-36, ST-44, and TW-6 with twisting reducing needle technique.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into GV-16, GB-20, GV-14, BL-41, and BL-42 with a waving technique until the
red marks appear around the points. Retain all needles for 5 minutes.
For Excess of Cold: GB-20, LU-7, and TW-5. (Yi Zhong Jin Jian)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-20 perpendicular and obliquely towards the direction of the nose, 1.2
cun deep with twisting even movement technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles transversely, 0.8 cun deep
towards the elbow with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-5
perpendicularly, with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes.
For Cold due to Wind Cold Pathogenic Invasion, with severe achy sensations on the neck and upper back:
GB-20, GV-14, LI-11, LI-4, LI-20, ST-40, Bi Tong, Yin Tang, and Jia Ji C-5 to 7 (Xin Zhen Jiu Xue)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into C-5 to C-7 Jia Ji, GB-20, and GV-14 perpendicularly, with twisting reducing
needle technique. Retain all needles for 5 to 7 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-11 and ST-40 with lifting and thrusting reducing technique until a heat
sensation appears under the points. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into LI-4, LI-20, Bi tong and Yin tang with
twisting even movement technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes.
For Cold due to Wind Cold Pathogenic Invasion: GV-14, LU-7, and LI-4. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with rubbing needle technique. Take
the needle out after the Qi sensation travels. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LU-7 and LI-4 with twisting
For Excess of Cold: GV-23 and GV-22. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #28 or #30 needles into GV-23 subcutaneously at a 30 degree angle, 1.2 cun deep, going
through to GV-22 with a fast twisting technique, until the patient feels a heat sensation.
For a cold with Lung Qi Deficiency: LU-6, BL-13, and LU-1. (Jia Yi Jing)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles in BL-13 with the Qi Ci technique (one needle in the middle and other two on the
side), waving the needles until the red marks appear around the points. Retain the needles for 5 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LU-6 with a twisting even movement technique. Retain needles for 15
minutes. Apply bloodletting technique on LU-1.
For a cold with Qi Deficiency:
GV-14, BL-13, BL-43, BL-15, BL-20, LU-5, ST-36, and CV-6 (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into GV-14, BL-13, BL-43, BL-15, and BL-20 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with
waving technique, until red marks appear around the needles. Retain all needles for 10 minutes, or apply
moxa pole on GV-14, BL-13, and BL-43 during the retainment.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-5, ST-36, and CV-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and
apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones.
123
CASE ANALYSIS
A 34 year-old male patient has a main complaint of a cold for one day’s duration. The cold’s symptoms
were combined with weakness and fatigue in the whole body. He felt chills, slight fever, and aversion to cold air. He
was also suffering from stuffy nose, headache, and body aches, accompanied by cough and sore throat. The pulse
was floating and fast; the tongue was white with coating.
Diagnosis: Wind-Heat Pathogenic Invasion.
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Lung Qi and Expel the Wind Heat Pathogenic Invasion.
Point Prescription: LU-5, LU-10, LI-11, ST-44, GV-14, BL-13, and TW-5.
Treatment was once daily, 2 treatments as a course.
Technique: The patient was given a half-cup of hot water before treatment. 1.5 cun #32 needles were then inserted
into LU-5, LI-11, BL-13, GV-14, and TW-5 with a twisting reducing needle technique. All needles were retained for
15 minutes. Then a bloodletting technique was done on LU-10 and ST-44 to make 1 drop of blood come out.
Result: The patient’s cold symptoms were resolved after 2 treatments.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective in the treatment of the common cold. Generally speaking
and according to clinical research, the effectiveness is over 90%. There are two key points in the treatment. The
first is a clear diagnosis, which means one must understand how to distinguish between Cold symptoms and the
symptoms of other febrile diseases. The second is the building or reinforcement of the body’s True Qi and expelling
of the Pathogenic Influences, especially in deficient conditions. Patients should be careful to save their energy in
order to battle back other possible invasions.
Here is one method of preventive treatment taken from the book, “Acupuncture Treatment Experiments—
818 Cases in the area of the Flu.”
Acupuncture for preventing a cold: GV-14, LI-4, and ST-36.
#32 1.5 cun needles are inserted into the points and taken out when the patient feels the Qi. The treatment
was given once as a course, and no one got a cold during that time.
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Constipation
125
CONSTIPATION
The definition of constipation in Chinese and Western medicine is similar - the stools are solid and difficult
to evacuate and the bowel movements may only come once in several days, even with the intake of medication such
as laxatives. In terms of TCM, constipation is caused by very different reasons than that of Western medicine. As the
diagnostics change, so do the treatments. In almost all cases, constipation is believed to have four main causes:
Heat Stagnation in the Stomach and Intestines

Accumulation of Heat in the Stomach and Large Intestine is caused by Yang body constitutions, or over
consumption of alcohol, hot, spicy, or greasy food. There are also times when fever or febrile disease can
cause the Heat to become stagnated in the intestine after the fever has abated, which damages the Large
Intestine lubricating function.
Stagnation of Qi by unhealthy emotions

Constipation is often caused by stagnation of Large Intestine Qi, due to over-thinking, depression,
anxiousness, or other unhealthy emotional stimulation. Most of the time this kind of bowel movement is
not hard in quality, but hard to pass, sticky, and containing mucus in the stool, often with tense muscle
contractions in the rectum.
Qi and Blood Deficiency

This type of constipation most often occurs in patients of old age, or long chronic terminal diseases. It also
may occur after labor with deficiency body constitutions. The Qi and Blood cannot nourish the intestine
well and dryness in the intestine cannot move the bowls (In TCM this is often described as “the water can
not move the boat”).
Yang Deficiency Interior Cold

This case is most often seen in old age patients, or those with extreme Yang deficiency. In severe disease,
the Interior Cold produces stagnation in the Stomach and Large Intestine and the bowel are not able to
move.
DIAGNOSIS
Heat Constipation
Symptoms include difficulty in passing the bowels, bloated abdomen, pain in the lower abdomen upon
pressure, Interior Heat with thirst, flushed face, headache, yellow urine, and foul breathe. The tongue is red
with a yellow-dry coat, and the pulse is strong and slippery.
Constipation due to stagnation of Qi
Symptoms include difficultly in moving the bowels with stool that is not very solid, bloating, distending pain
in the abdomen and hypochondriac regions, bitter taste in the mouth, blurry vision, sighing, and belching.
The tongue is purple with a red tip and edges, and a thin white coating. The pulse is wiry.
Qi and Blood Deficient Constipation
Symptoms include discomfort in the lower abdomen, a sensation of needing to pass the stools without the
ability to move them, low energy, spontaneous sweating, shortness of breath, a pale complexion, heart
palpitations, dizziness, and a tongue that is pale with a thin white coat, and a pulse that is thin and weak.
126
Constipation
Constipation due to deficiency of Cold

Symptoms include bowels that are hard to pass, a prolapsed anus, abdominal coldness and pain, pale
complexion, frequent urination, cold extremities, and a cold lower back with soreness and weakness. The
tongue is pale with a white coat and the pulse is deep and slow.
Heat Constipation
Treatment Principle: Clear the Heat, Nourishes the Body Fluids.
Point Prescription: LI-4, LI-11, ST-37, and SP-14.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-14 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4, LI-11, and ST-37 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
Additional points for treatment of associated symptoms:
Fever and thirst: HT-8 and CV-23.
Headache: Yin Tang.
Odor breath: CV-24.
Constipation due to stagnation of Qi

Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver and Regulate the Qi.
Point Prescription: CV-12, GB-34, CV-6, and LV-2.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-2 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into
GB-34 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-12 and CV-6
perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Hypochondriac pain: LV-13 and GB-24.
Bloated abdomen: SP-15.
Qi and Blood Deficient Constipation

Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Qi and Nourish the Blood.
Point Prescription: ST-36, SP-6, CV-4, BL-20, BL-21, and BL-25.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-20, BL-21, and BL-25 with twisting reinforcing needle technique; apply
moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-4, ST-36, and SP-6 with
twisting reinforcing needle technique; apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones.
Spontaneous or night sweating: HT-6.
Heart palpitation: PC-6.
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Constipation due to Yang Deficiency Interior Cold

Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Kidney Yang and Move the bowels.
Point Prescription: CV-6, KI-6, CV-5, BL-23, and BL-26.
Technique: Apply indirect moxibustion with Fu Zi cake on BL-26 and CV-6 for 5 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles
into KI-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23 and CV-5 with twisting
reinforcing needle technique, applying moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones.
Prolapse of the anus: GV-1 and GV-20.
Low back pain: BL-40.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Large Intestine and Rectum.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 needles into these points with fast and strong twisting stimulation technique. Retain all
Moxibustion
Points: CV-8 and BL-25.
Apply indirect moxibustion with salt and ginger on CV-8 for 5 cones; then apply direct non-scarring
moxibustion on BL-25 for 6 cones.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zone: Lateral line 2 of the forehead, Lateral line 3 of the forehead, and Middle line of the vertex.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these lines transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle, with a lifting Qi
128
Constipation
The following are from the Zhen Jiu Zhi Zhen Jing:
For stagnation and hard to pass bowels: KI-4 and KI-18.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-4 with twisting even movement needle technique. Apply moxa
wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into KI-18 perpendicularly, 1
cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain the needles for 20 minutes.
For dry stool due to deficiency: BL-43.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-43 with the Qi Ci technique and wave the needles until red marks
appear around the points. Retain the needles for 30 minutes with moxa-pole on the side.
For constipation with Heat in the lower abdominal region: KI-15
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into KI-15 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain the needles
for 20 minutes.
For stagnation of the bowels in the abdomen: CV-8.
Apply indirect moxibustion with Ba Dou Rou cake (make the Ba Dou into a cake) on CV-8 for 3
cones.
For constipation due to stagnation of Qi: TW-6 and ST-36. (Za Bing Xue Fa Ge)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-6 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32
needles into ST-36 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool on the handle of needles
for 3 cones.
For constipation due to deficiency of Yin: KI-6 and TW-6. (Yu Long Ge)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into KI-6 with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into
TW-6 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For constipation with a fullness sensation in the chest and abdomen: CV-5. (Qian Jin Fang)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-5 for 11 cones. Apply 100 cones as a course.
For constipation with bloating in the abdomen: SP-2. (Qian Jin Fang)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on SP-2 for 7 cones. The treatment course follows the age.
For constipation with Yin deficiency: BL-25, TW-6, and ST-40. (Zhong Hua Zhen Jiu Xue)
Insert 2 or 3 cun #30 needles into BL-25 perpendicularly, 1.5 to 2 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into TW-6 and ST-40 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Apply indirect moxibustion with Fu Zi (aconite) cake on BL-25 for 3
cones if the patient is with Yang deficiency.
129
For constipation with an excess body constitution: TW-6, CV-12, ST-25, ST-36, LV-1, and ST-44.
(Zhong Hua Zhen Jiu Xue)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-12, ST-25, ST-36, and TW-6 with twisting reducing needle technique,
and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-1 and ST-44 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for
30 minutes.
For constipation with stagnation of Qi: TW-6, GV-1, and CV-6. (Zhong Hua Zhen Jiu Xue)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-1 perpendicularly, (the patient may lie down on his or her side) with
twisting even movement technique. Retain the needle for 20 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into TW-6
and CV-6 with twisting even movement technique. Retain the needles for 15 minutes.
For constipation with stagnation of Heat and Qi: GV-1, LV-1, and GB-34. (Za Bing Xue Fa Ge)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-1 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain the needle for 20
minutes. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-1 perpendicularly, 0.2 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-34 with twisting reducing needle technique.
For excess type constipation: ST-40, ST-28, BL-54, KI-4, BL-33, BL-57, and BL-25. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-40 and ST-28 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and trusting
reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #30 needles into KI-4 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain
Insert 1 or 2 cun #30 needles into BL-54, BL-33, BL-57, and BL-25 with lifting and thrusting even
For constipation with stagnation of Qi: TW-6 and LV-5. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-5 transversely, 0.5 cun deep; just let the needles float beneath the skin.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into TW-6 with lifting the thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles
for 20 minutes.
For deficiency type of constipation: CV-6 and ST-36. (Zhen Jiu Zhai Ying Ji)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-6 and ST-36 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 to 5 cones.
For constipation with deficiency of Yin: SP-3 and KI-6. (Zhen Jiu Tu Yi)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-3 and KI-6 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For constipation with stagnation of Qi: BL-57, LV-13, and BL-28. (Zhen Jiu Gang Yao)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles for into BL-57 and BL-28 with twisting even movement needle technique, and 1
cun #32 needles into LV-13 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
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Constipation
The following prescriptions are from the Zhen Jiu Ru Men.

For constipation with lower back pain: SP-3.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-3 perpendicularly, with medium stimulation by twisting for 2 minutes.
For constipation with abdominal pain: KI-18 and BL-28.
Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-28 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique without retaining the needles, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into KI-18 with twisting reducing needle
For constipation with abdominal pain: KI-16.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into KI-16 with twisting reducing needle technique and apply moxa wool on the
handle of needles for 5 cones.
For constipation due to stagnation of Qi and Blood: LV-13, CV-15, SP-3, TW-6, KI-6, and CV-8.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-13, CV-15, SP-3, TW-6, and KI-6 with twisting even movement needle
technique. Apply indirect moxibustion with Ba Dou cake on CV-8 for 3 cones.
For constipation with the pain in the genital area: CV-1.
Insert a 1.5 cun #34 needle into CV-1, insert the needle perpendicularly 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with twisting
reducing needle technique and retain it for 15 minutes.
Treat once every other day for 5 treatments as a course
For constipation with heat sensation in the lower abdominal region: KI-11 and BL-38. (Zhen Jiu Jing Lun)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-18 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #34 needles
into KI-11 with reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes.
For constipation with lower back pain: GV-2. (Zhen Jiu Jing Lun)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-2 for 7 to 9 cones.
CASE ANALYSIS
This was a case of a 57-year-old male patient with the main complaint of constipation for 13 years. The
bowel movements occurred usually once every 6 or 7 days, and were associated with a pale complexion, clear
frequent urine, cold sensations on the limbs and body, particularly in the abdominal region. The tongue was pale
with a white greasy coating, and the pulse was deep and slow.
Diagnosis: Constipation due to deficiency Cold.
Treatment Principle: Warm the Middle Burner and Expel the Cold, Move the Qi and the bowels.
Point Prescription: CV-12, CV-8, CV-6, ST-25, ST-37, and TW-6.
Treated once every other day, 7 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-37, ST-25, and TW-6 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle
technique; apply indirect moxibustion with Fu Zi cake on CV-12, CV-8, and CV-6 for 5 cones.
Result: After the first treatment, the patient started to move his bowels with greater ease, once every other day.
After 5 treatments, the constipation was gone.
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EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective in the treatment of constipation, whether it is acute or
chronic, particularly in Excess conditions. Regardless of the pattern, the patient should pay close attention to their
food consumption. He or she should eat a healthy diet of fresh vegetables and avoid hot, spicy, and greasy food.
Exercise is also important in order to increase the movement of the intestine and built up a good habit to regularly
move the bowels every day.
132
Cough
133
COUGH
Cough refers to a symptom that is a resulted of a wide variety of lung diseases such as: common cold,
asthma, bronchitis, lung infection, allergies, and pneumonia. Symptoms usually arise from dryness and irritation of
the lung passages. In TCM, the main pathological changes are seen as the lung failing in ascending and descending
Qi, or disruption causing rebellious Qi. There are two types:
Exterior Pathogenic Influences

Any Pathological Influence may invade the lungs and cause cough when the body has a Wei Qi deficiency,
particularly Wind and Cold are two that easily obstruct the movement of Lung Qi.
Internal Disorders
Both deficiency and excess symptoms of the lung can cause cough. Other organs may as well, for instance:
stagnation of the Liver Qi turning to Fire and attacking the Lungs. Another commonly seen organ
pathology of cough is that of the Spleen failing in transportation and transformation, producing phlegm that
is then stored in the Lung. That is why in the Nei jing says: “Cough will be caused by the Five Zang and the
Six Fu, not only the Lungs.
DIAGNOSIS
In diagnosing cough, it is important to make note the time, quality, and sound of the cough and all other
symptoms related to it. The following differentiations will help determine the pathology.
• Frequent cough, which is much more severe during the day than at night, and is associated with a
scratchy throat and loud sound, is caused by Wind Cold or Wind Heat.
• Chronic cough with a low voice is often Qi Deficiency.
• Severe cough in the morning that is associated with a large amount of phlegm, and is improved
upon expectoration is usually due to Dampness.
• Cough that appears in the afternoon or evening, with light sounds and shortness of breath is often
due to Lung Yin Deficiency.
• Cough that occurs whenever the patient lies down and that is associated with asthma and shortness
of breath is usually Lung Deficiency Cold.
• Cough that is worse after intake of greasy, oily, cold, or raw food, is related to Damp-Phlegm.
• Cough that is triggered by emotional stimulation is often due to Liver Qi stagnation or Liver Fire.
• Cough with a large amount of phlegm with a foul smell are symptoms of Lung infection.
Observing the phlegm is also important in cough diagnosis.

• Cough with less phlegm, is caused by Dry Heat, Interior Fire, or Yin deficiency.
• Cough with a large amount of phlegm is often seeing in Damp retention, or Interior Deficiency
Cold.
• White thin phlegm appears in cough that is caused by Wind Cold.
• Thick yellow phlegm is due to Heat stagnation in the Lung
• White sticky phlegm that is hard to expectorate is due to Yin Deficiency Dry Heat.
• A large amount of phlegm that is thick with a foul smell, and has a sweet taste is Damp-Phlegm.
• If the phlegm has a salty taste, this indicates Kidney Deficiency.
134
Cough
• Thick phlegm with blood is usually caused by a severe Lung infection.
Exterior Syndromes
Cough due to Wind Cold Pathogenic Influence
Symptoms include a strong cough, itchy throat, thin white sputum but with uneven movement, aversion to
cold, fever, little or no sweat, sore and achy sensation throughout the whole body, headache, stuffy nose,
and nasal discharge. The tongue is pale with a thin white coating and the pulse is floating and tight.
Cough due to Wind Heat Pathogenic Influence

Clinical features are severe cough with shortness of breath, sore throat, dry mouth, thick sticky yellowish
sputum that is hard to expectorate, headache, fever, aversion to wind, very little sweating, and prounced
thirst. The tongue is red with a yellow coating and the pulse is floating and rapid.
Interior Syndromes
Cough due to stagnation of Damp-phlegm
This is caused by the Spleen failing in the transportation and transformation of fluids, which leads to
dampness stagnating in the Lung and the Lung failing in descending the Qi. Symptoms include severe
cough in the morning, with a large amount of white thick sticky phlegm associated with a stuffy chest,
fullness in the epigastric area, poor appetite and lassitude, with difficulty to lie down without the cough
worsening. The tongue is swollen with a white greasy coating and the pulse is slippery or floating and weak.
Cough due to Liver Fire

Emotional stress or anger over a long period of time causes Liver Qi Stagnation, which then turns to Liver
Fire that invades the Lung, preventing dissension of Qi, thus causing cough. Symptoms include cough with
sticky phlegm that can often contain a small amount of blood, and is associated with pain and fullness in the
chest and hypochondriac region, red eyes, dry itchy throat, and a bitter taste in the mouth. The tongue is red
with a thin white coating and the pulse is wiry and rapid.
Wind Cold
Treatment Principle: Expel the Wind Cold, Open the Lung, and Resolve Phlegm.
Point Prescription: LU-7, LI-4, BL-13, and TW-5.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-13 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with waving technique and apply
moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LU-7, LI-4, and TW-5 with
twisting reducing needle technique. Retain the needles for 20 minutes.
Headache: GB-20 and GV-23.
Body achiness: BL-62 and LI-6.
135
Wind Heat
Treatment Principle: Expel the Wind Heat, Clear the Lung and Resolve the Phlegm.
Point Prescription: LU-5, BL-13, LI-11, and GV-14.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-13 and GV-14 with lifting the thrusting reducing needle technique, and
apply a fire cup for 2 or 3 minutes after taking the needles out. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11 and LU-5 with
twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes.
Sore throat: Blood let LU-11.
Inability to sweat: LI-4.
Sweat with fever: ST-43 and KI-7.
Damp-Phlegm
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Spleen and Lung, and Resolve the Phlegm.
Point Prescription: BL-13, BL-20, LU-9, SP-3, ST-40, and LI-4.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LU-9, SP-3, ST-40, and LI-4 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-13 and BL-20 with lifting the thrusting reinforcing needle technique and apply
moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones.
Fullness in the chest and epigastric region: ST-36 and PC-6.
Severe cough with asthma: Ding Chuan.
Liver Fire attacking the Lung

Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver and subdue the Fire, Clear the Lung, and Resolve Phlegm.
Point Prescription: BL-13, BL-18, LU-8, and LV-3.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-13 and BL-18 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles
for 5 minutes.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3 and LU-8 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes.
Sore and itchy throat: KI-6.
Cough with bleeding: LU-6.
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Cough
Moxibustion:
Points: BL-13, BL-12, LI-4, LU-7, and LU-9.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion for three cones on LI-4, LU-7, and BL-13, and five cones
on BL-12 and LU-9.
Points: CV-4, CV-12, and BL-23.
Used for chronic Kidney Deficiency and poor sleep with Damp cough. Apply indirect moxibustion
with ginger on these points for 3-5 cones.
Treat once every other day, for 5 treatments as a course.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Liver, Shen Men, Lungs and Trachea.
Insert 0.5 cun ear needles into these points obliquely at a 60-degree angle, with fast twisting needle
technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes. Or apply press-balls on these points after regular
acupuncture treatment.
Points: Spleen, Lung, Sub cortex, and Heart.
Apply press-balls on these points, and retain them for 3-5 days. Instruct patients to press them
three or four times daily.
Herbal Plaster
Treatment area: upper back.
Making “Ban Mao”(Chinese herb) powder the size of wheat, to put on the BL-13, BL-43, and GV-12 for
12-20 hours. It will cause small blisters on the points, which will be absorbed after few days (remember to
keep the area clean to prevent infection). It will help chronic and prolonged cough.
Treat once a month, 3 treatments as a course.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zone: Lateral line 1 of the forehead, and Mid-line of the vertex.
Insert 1.5 cun #28 or #30 needles into these zones subcutaneous at a 30-degree angle, 1 to 1.2 cun deep
with fast twisting needle technique. Retain the needles for 1 hour.

Treatment area: upper area1, area 3 and lower area 2 and area 5.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles transversely into these areas 1.2 cun deep without any kind of sensation. Retain
all needles there for 1 hour.
Treat once every other day, 5 treatments as a course
137
Gua Sha
Apply Gua Sha technique from BL-11 to BL-15 on both sides of the Bladder meridian, until the red colored
Sha appears on the skin. This technique is for the treatment of Lung Qi and Yin Deficiency.
Cupping
Treatment points and area: CV-12, CV-17, CV-8, LU-1, BL-14, BL-13, BL-43, BL-20, or the upper back.
For cough due to External Pathogenic Influences: Apply fire cups on LU-1 and CV-17 for 2 minutes, then
on BL-14 and BL-43 for 3 minutes.
For cough with Spleen Deficiency: Apply fire cups on GV-14, BL-13, and BL-20 for 5 minutes. Then
apply cupping on CV-8 and CV-12 for 2 minutes.
For cough with Qi Deficiency: Apply moving cups from BL-11 to BL-15 and BL-42 to BL-45 until red
Sha appears on the skin.
All of the above courses are once every other day, for 7 treatments.
For cough with Heat-phlegm: BL-13, CV-17, LU-5, and KI-3. (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-13 with waving technique and take the needle out after the patient feels
the Qi sensation. Apply fire cups for 3 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-17, LU-5, and KI-3
with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes.
If with hot flashes and red complexion: TW-6 along with the above points and needle technique.
For chronic cough: BL-13, ST-36, CV-17, ST-15, BL-12, and ST-12. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Apply direct moxibustion on BL-13 and BL-12 for 7 cones. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into ST-36, CV-17,
ST-15, and ST-12 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
For chronic cough: BL-13 and BL-43. (Zi Shen Jing)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-43 and BL-13 for 7 cones.
For cough with shortness of breath and difficulty lying down: LU-2. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LU-2 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep towards the outside of the body with
twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes while applying moxa pole beside the
needles.
For cough due to Wind Cold: LU-10, GB-44, BL-19, LI-1, GV-24, BL-13, BL-15, BL-18, LV-8, and LU-6.
(Zhen Jiu Ju Ying)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-13, BL-15, BL-18, and BL-19 perpendicularly, 0.3-0.5 cun deep with
waving technique until the red marks appear near each point. Retain all needles for 10 minutes. Insert 1 cun
#32 needles into LU-10, GB-44, LV-8, LU-6, and GV24 with twisting even movement technique. Retain
the needles for 15 minutes. Apply bloodletting technique on LI-1.
138
Cough
For cough due to Liver Fire attacking the Lung: BL-13, LU-5, GB-34, and LV-3. (Dan Qi Xig Fa)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-5 and GB-34 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting the thrusting
reducing needle technique, 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3, obliquely at a 45 degree angle towards the upward
direction, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting reinforcing technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes. Insert 1
cun #30 needles into BL-13 with twisting even movement technique without retaining needles.
Treat once every other day for7 treatments as a course.
For cough with shortness of breath: ST-12, CV-17, and CV-15. (Zi Shen Jing)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-17 obliquely at a 60 degree angle, 1.2 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into ST-12 and CV-15 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with
twisting reinforcing technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes.
For cough with hot sticky phlegm: LU-10, LU-7, and SI-1. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Apply bloodletting technique on SI-1 and then insert 1 cun #32 needles into LU-10 and LU-7
perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes.
For cough with a large amount of phlegm: CV-22 and BL-13. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-22 obliquely at a 60 degree angle, 1-1.2 cun deep with twisting even
movement technique until let sensation of the needle travels to whole chest area. Retain the needle for 5
minutes. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-13 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain
all needles for 5 more minutes.
For cough with rebellious Qi: CV-22 and PC-1. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-22 obliquely, anterior of trachea, 1.2 cun deep with rubbing needle
technique (counter clockwise). Insert 1 cun #30 needles into PC-1 with twisting reducing needle technique.
For cough with chest pain and a stuffy sensation: LU-1, SI-2, and CV-23. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into SI-2 with twisting even movement needle technique, and 1 cun #30 needles
into LU-1 and CV-23 with twisting reducing needle technique.
For cough with hypochondriac pain: BL-18. (Shen Yin Jing)
For cough with insomnia: ST-12, SI-1, BL-15, and ST-14. (Yu Long Ge)
Apply bloodletting technique on SI-1. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into ST-12 and ST-14 obliquely, 0.5 cun
deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-15 perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle
For chronic cough with deficiency of Qi: CV-22, KI-27, CV-20, ST-18, BL-12, BL-13, GV-12, GV-9, and LU-7.
(Jiu Fa Mi Chuan)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion for 7 cones on CV-22, and 3 cones on KI-27, CV-20, and ST-18.
Apply 14 cones on BL-12, BL-14, BL-13, GV-12, and GV-9. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LU-7 with
twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 5 minutes.
139
For External cough and large amounts of phlegm: BL-11, BL-13, CV-22, LU-5, TW-5, LU-8, and SP-6.
(De Xiao Fang)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-11 and BL-13 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique and apply moxa wool on the handles of the needles for 2 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles
into CV-22, TW-5, LU-5, LU-8, and SP-6 with twisting even movement technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes.
For cough with fever and External Invasion:
GB-12, BL-10, GB-20, GV-12, BL-11, BL-2, BL-13, BL-17, BL-19, PC-3, LI-4, and CV-22
Insert 1 cun 30 # needles into GB-12, BL-10, BL-11, BL-12, BL-13, BL-19, BL-17, GB-20, and GV-12
perpendicularly, 0.3-0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 5 minutes
and then remove them while enlarging the acupuncture hole. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-3, LI-4, and
CV-22 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10
minutes.
For cough with red phlegm: HT-6, SI-5, KI-4, SI-2, LU-7, and Bai Lao. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #32 or #34 needles into HT-6, SI-15, KI-4, SI-2, and LU-7 with even movement technique.
Retain all needles for 15 minutes and then apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on Bai Lao point for seven
cones.
Treat once every other day for10 treatments as a course.
For cough with bleeding: BL-13 and LV-2. (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-13 obliquely at a 60-degree angle, towards the spinal column, 0.8-1 cun
deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing technique until the patient feels a warm sensation under the
needles. Retain all needles for 5 minutes. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-2 for 7 cones.
For cough with deficiency of Qi: ST-36. (Mi Chuan)
Treat once every day for 10 treatments as a course.
For cough with shortness of breath and asthma:
Fire Cup: BL-13, BL-43, and GV-14. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Apply fire cups on the BL-13, BL-43, and GV-14. Retains all cups for 5 minutes. Select 5 small size
bamboo cups, boiling them in a big pot with Bai Zhu, Ma Huang, Xi Xin, Ban Xia, Bai Qian, Kuan Dong
Hua, and Hong Hua for 40 minutes. Then take the cups out and put them on the points. Retain until they
fall off automatically. This may be repeated 3-5 times.
140
Cough
CASE ANALYSIS
A 20 year-old male patient came in with a main complaint of cough for 3 years, which had been diagnosed
as chronic bronchitis. He had a severe cough in the morning, with thick sticky white or dark phlegm that was often
aggravated by weather changes. His symptoms were associated with a stuffy and full sensation in the chest and
epigastric region, difficulty lying down due to the cough, poor appetite, and lassitude. The tongue was swollen with a
white greasy coating and the pulse was slippery and weak.
Diagnosis: Chronic cough with stagnation of phlegm.
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Spleen and Lung, and Resolve the phlegm.
Point Prescription: BL-13, GB-20, LI-4, SP-4, and ST-40.
The patient was treated once every other day for 5 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-13 with lifting the thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain needles
for 15 minutes, then take the needles out and put fire cups on the points for 2 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-20, with slow-fast reinforcing needle technique. Take the needles out after
attaining Qi sensation. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LI-4, SP-4, and ST-40 with twisting reinforcing needle
Result: After the first treatment, the phlegm had reduced by almost half than usual, and after 3 more treatments the
cough had reduce further. All symptoms had resolved after 5 visits.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective to treat cough for most illness. Cough as a symptom in the
clinic is commonly related to climate, diet and emotional changes. That is why the practitioner has to be careful
about certain things that will cause an allergic reaction in the patient, such as smoking, drinking, or other very
stimulating food. For some chronic cough, further examination is necessary to prevent misdiagnosis of some
diseases, such as Lung TB or Cancer.
141
DIABETES
In Traditional Chinese Medicine diabetes is known as Xiao Ke—Wasting and Thirsting. This is a reference
to the increase in drinking, eating and urinating among patients with this disease. The causes of these symptoms are
due to either abnormal emotional activity, overeating of hot, spicy, or greasy foods, overwork, or excessive sexual
activities. A prolonged period of abnormal emotional activity will eventually cause Heart Fire to rise and later
damage the Lungs’ Yin, causing a the desire to drink. Over-eating of hot, spicy, and/or greasy foods will cause Heat
to accumulate in the Stomach and Spleen, thus damaging Stomach Yin, leading to overeating. By overworking or
having an overly active sexual life, the Kidney Yin can become deficient, resulting in the Kidney Qi failing to control
urination, yielding the frequent urination.
The following is an overview of the basic etiology of Diabetes.

Most diabetes is caused by improper food intake, such as long-term excessive consumption of greasy foods,
which impacts the Spleen and Stomach Qi and accumulates Heat that damages the Yin fluid of the Stomach
and the whole body.
Abnormal Emotional Activities

Long-term unhealthy emotional stimulation causes Qi stagnation to turn to Fire, damaging the Lung and
Stomach Yin.
Overworking
Diabetes from Kidney Yin deficiency is usually due to extreme exhaustion of the body and depletion of the
Yin energy from overwork or excessive sexual activities. Deficient Fire rises to the Lungs and burns the Yin
fluids.
The following are some pathological changes frequently observed in the clinic:
Yin deficiency as the root problem and Dry Heat as the branch
Most patients have both of these patterns during the process of the disease. Dry Heat will impact Yin and
deficiency of Yin makes Dry Heat worse as well. These conditions commonly happen in the Kidney, Lung
and Stomach, leading patients to feel strong thirst and hunger, and experience frequent urination.
In the case of severe Dry Heat in the organs, other symptoms will arise such as cataracts, deafness, and
ringing in the ear. If the Dry Heat rises upward to the head, it will cause a flushed complexion, headache,
restlessness, nausea and vomiting, even loss of consciousness or a stroke. This is severe Dry Heat due to
extreme Yin deficiency.
Deficiency of both Yang and Yin

Some long-term and chronic diabetic patients have both Yin and Yang deficiency caused by chronic Yin
deficiency leading to the Yang deficiency. The main symptoms will be Cold edema with an extremely
deficient body constitution, and Interior Heat with a coatless red tongue.
142
Diabetes
DIAGNOSIS
Shang Xiao (Upper Warmer Lung Yin Deficiency)

Symptoms include a high blood sugar level, a dry mouth and throat, a frequent desire to drink, an increased
appetite, and frequent urination. The tip of the tongue is red with a thin-yellow coat, and the pulse is
flooding and fast.
Zhong Xiao (Middle Warmer Stomach Yin Deficiency)

Symptoms include a high blood sugar level, a very ravenous appetite that's difficult to satisfy, restlessness
due to Interior Heat, sweating, a thin constitution, dry stools and/or constipation. The tongue is red with a
yellow-dry coat and the pulse is slippery and fast.
Xia Xiao (Lower Warmer Kidney Yin Deficiency)

Symptoms include high blood sugar level, frequent urination, dry mouth and tongue, associated with sore
and weak sensation in the low back and knees, easy to hunger but consumes very little, dizziness, blurry
vision, and malar flush. The tongue is red with little coating or without coat, and the pulse is thin and rapid.
Long-term Kidney Yin Deficiency will eventually lead to Kidney Yang Deficiency, which manifests as a dark
complexion, dizziness, blurry vision, insomnia, restlessness, aversion to cold, cold limbs, frequent urination
with a large quantity of flow, and impotence or amenorrhea in women’s cases. The tongue is dark-pale in
color and the pulse is deep, thin and weak.
Shang Xiao (Lung Yin Deficiency)

Treatment Principle: Clear the Upper Warmer Heat, and Promote the function of the metabolism.
Point Prescription: HT-8, BL-15, LU-9, BL-13, and Yi Shu.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into Yi Shu perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-13 and BL-15 perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LU-9 and HT-8 perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
Dry mouth: CV-24.
Blurry vision: GV-23.
Dizziness: GB-38.
Zhong Xiao (Stomach Yin Deficiency)

Treatment Principle: Clear the Heat and Regulate the Spleen and Stomach.
Point Prescription: ST-44, SP-6, BL-20, BL-21, and Yi Shu.
Technique: Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into Yi Shu perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-20 and BL-21 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle
143
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into ST-44 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5
cun #32 needles into SP-6 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Hunger: CV-12 and PC-6.
Poor sleep: ST-36 and HT-7.
Headache: ST-8, and Yin Tang.
Hot flushes: KI-6 and LI-11.
Xia Xiao (Kidney Yin deficiency)

Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Kidney and Liver Yin, and Subdue the Heat.
Point Prescription: KI-3, LV-3, BL-18, BL-23, and Yi Shu.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-3 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-3 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 45 degree angle towards KI-1 with a
twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into Yi Shu, BL-23, and BL-18 perpendicularly 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
Yang Deficiency: GV-4 with direct non-scarring moxibustion for 5 cones.
Frequent urination: CV-4 and ST-28.
Low back pain: Yao Yan, BL-28, and BL-62.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Pancreas, Endocrine, Kidney, San Jiao, Hunger point, Er Mi Gen, Shen Men, and Liver.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 ear needles into these points obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 30 degree angle with a twisting
Moxibustion
Direct Moxibustion: CV-6, CV-12, BL-13, BL-20, and BL-23.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-6 and CV-12 for 7 cones, and on BL-13, BL-20, and
BL-23 for 9 to 11 cones.
Indirect Moxibustion: CV-4, Yi Shu, and BL-23.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger or a Fu Zi (aconite) cake on Yi Shu and BL-23 for 5 cones
and on CV-4 for 3 cones.
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Diabetes
Plum-Blossom
Apply medium stimulation of the Plum-Blossom needle technique on the back from T-7 to T-10, along the
GV and BL meridians for 5 to 10 minutes.
For diabetes with Lung Yin Deficiency: CV-24, BL-49, TW-1, and KI-2. (Pu Ji Fang)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-49 perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep with a twisting and waving needle
technique. Remove the needles after stimulation. Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into CV-24 perpendicularly, 0.3
cun deep with a twisting even movement needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into KI-2
perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring
moxibustion on TW-1 for 5 cones.
For diabetes with Lung and Kidney Yin Deficiency:
GV-26, CV-24, Jing Jing, Yu Ye, LI-11, PC-8, LV-3, LV-2, SP-5, KI-2, and KI-1 (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-1, KI-2, LV-2 and LV-3 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting even movement needle technique, and 1 cun #30 needles into SP-5 and PC-8 with a twisting
reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-11 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into CV-24 and GB-26 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting even
movement needle technique, and retain the needles for 10 minutes.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into Jing Jing and Yu Ye obliquely, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep at a 30 degree angle
towards the root of the tongue with a twisting reducing needle technique, and take out the needles while
enlarging the needle hole to remove a few drops of blood.
For diabetes with lassitude: CV-24, KI-3, SI-7, TW-4, KI-6, BL-23, BL-26, and the tip of the little finger.
(Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into CV-24, KI-3, TW-4, SI-7, and KI-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-23 and BL-26 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique.
Retain all needles for 10 minutes. Finally apply direct non-scarring moxibustion to the tip of little finger for
5 cones.
For Yin Deficient diabetes: BL-13, BL-18, BL-20, BL-23, CV-24, CV-12, CV-4, LU-9, SP-6, KI-2, and GV-4.
(Zhong Guo Zhen Jiu Xue)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-13, BL-18, BL-20 and BL-23 perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with a
twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa pole on GV-4 for 15 minutes. Insert 1 cun #32 needles
into LU-9, SP-6, and KI-2 with a twisting even movement needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into
CV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa pole to CV-4
for 15 minutes.
145
For diabetes with Kidney Deficiency: CV-4. (Pian Que Xing Shu)
Apply direct moxibustion on CV-4 for 20 cones.
For diabetes with body heat and a yellowish color in the eyes: BL-49, GV-20, PC-9, and LV-3. (Zhen Jiu Tu Yi)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-49 transversely, 1 cun deep towards BL-50 with a twisting reducing
needle technique, and take out the needle after the sensation travels. Apply moxa pole to GV-20 for 20
minutes, and direct non-scarring moxibustion on PC-9 and LV-3 for 7 cones.
For Zhong Xiao diabetes with increased food intake with weight loss and pain and stagnation in the abdomen:
BL-20, LV-13, LI-14, SP-4, and CV-12 (Zhen Zhi Zun Shen)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-13 and SP-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting even movement
needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-12 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert
1 cun #32 needles into LV-14 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all
needles for 20 minutes. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-20 for 11 cones.
For Xia Xiao diabetes with Kidney Deficiency: BL-28, CV-6, CV-4, BL-23, and ST-36. (Zhen Jiu Tu Yi)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-28 and BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #34
needles into ST-36 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on
CV-4 and CV-6 for 11 cones.
For diabetes with Interior Heat: LU-7, BL-20, CV-12, KI-6, ST-36, TW-1, and LI-8. (Zhen Jiu Feng Yuan)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-7 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30 degree angle heading upwards with a
twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #34 needles into CV-12 and ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 cun
deep with a lifting and thrusting even movement needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-8 and
KI-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on TW-1 and BL-
20 for 9 cones.
For diabetes with Interior Heat and Kidney Deficiency:
Jing Jing, Yu Ye, GV-26, CV-24, CV-6, and BL-23 (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 0.5 cun #32 needles into CV-24 and GV-26 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting even
movement needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-6 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing
needle technique. Apply bloodletting with 1.5 cun #28 needles, into Jing Jing and Yu Ye, till 2 or 3 drops of
blood come out. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-23 for 9 cones.
The following prescriptions are from the Author’s Clinical Experience:

For diabetes with Interior Heat and edema: TW-4, TW-10, Wei Guan Xia Shu, Yi Shu, BL-23, LV-1, and GB-44.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into TW-4 and TW-10 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reducing
needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into Yi Shu with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert
1.5 cun #32 needles into Wei Guan Xia Shu transversely, 1 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle
technique without retaining, and apply direct non-scarring moxibustion. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-
23 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-1
and GB-44 for 9 cones.
146
Diabetes
For diabetes with Lung and Stomach Yin Deficiency: LI-11, ST-36, KI-7, CV-12, and LV-3.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #34 needles into ST-36 and KI-7 with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting even
movement needle technique, and 1 cun #30 needles into LV-3 with a twisting reducing needle technique.
For Shang Xiao diabetes with a dry throat and mouth:
CV-6, CV-4, Wei Guan, Xia Shu, TW-4, SP-5, KI-2, BL-22, BL-23, and LV-2
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-2 and SP-5 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #32
needle into CV-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on
TW-4, LV-2, Wei Guan, Xia Shu and CV-4 for 7 cones. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-20
and BL-23 for 9 cones.
For Xia Xiao diabetes with frequent urination: BL-67, BL-23, BL-20, ST-33, KI-10, LV-8, and LV-1.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-8 and ST-33 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply direct
non-scarring moxibustion to LV-1 and BL-67 for 10 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-20 with a
lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into KI-10 with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-23 for 9 cones.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 48 year-old female patient has a main complaint of diabetes for 1 year. Her complaint was associated
with thirst, a dry mouth, frequent urination, lassitude, a weak sensation in the lower back and both legs, hot flashes,
and a sensation of five hearts heat. The tongue was red with a thin yellow coating and the pulse was thin and weak.
Diagnosis: Diabetes due to Yin deficiency with Interior Heat.
Treatment Principle: Nourish the Yin and Clear the Interior Heat.
Point Prescription: LI-11, GB-34, KI-7, LU-10, CV-12, and CV-4.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11, GB-34, and KI-7 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LU-10 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Insert a 2 cun #32
needle into CV-4 perpendicularly, 1.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #34
needle into CV-12 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Result: After a 2 courses of treatment, all symptoms had resolved. After a total of 5 courses of treatments, the blood
sugar returned to normal.
147
EVALUATION
For over a thousand years, TCM practitioners have accumulated very rich clinical experiences and an entire
theory on the treatment of diabetes. With all this knowledge and numerous clinical experiences, a collection of
methods using acupuncture, moxibustion and Chinese herbal formulas have been formulated successfully.
Like the treatment for many other diseases, the focus in TCM is on the preventative aspects. For instance,
for diabetic patients, diet control is very important during the treatment. The patients have to control their food
intake. Acupuncture and moxibustion is quite effective in the treatment of diabetes in the Shang Xiao and Zhong
Xiao syndromes. It’s even more effective when combined with herbs in the treatment of Xia Xiao type diabetes.
Acupuncture and moxibustion is also good at getting rid of the side effects of western medications and in preventing
the disease from damaging the heart, liver, kidney, eyes and neurological system. Acupuncture and moxibustion are
very effective in reducing other accompanying symptoms as well, which occur with diabetes, such as dizziness,
edema, shortness of breathe, heart palpitations, spontaneous sweating, lassitude, and so forth.
The effects of acupuncture and moxibustion for treating diabetes usually appear after at least 15 to 20
treatments due to the level of the illness. Once the condition is stabilized, it is likely to remain so with continuous
follow-ups and a healthy life style. Acupuncture and moxibustion are only supplemental therapy for the late stage of
the disease when the patient has a severe infection or even coma. In cases such as this immediate hospitalization is
recommended.
148
Diarrhea
149
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is a condition of increased daily bowel movements or a quality change of the bowels, in which they
become more watery or contain mucous. As the symptoms increase, the bowel movements become unstable and
involuntary. Some western medical conditions that include diarrhea are acute and chronic enteritis, intestinal TB,
dysfunction of the intestine, and allergic colitis. In TCM, this illness can be caused by an External Pathogenic
Invasion, by Improper Food Intake or from a dysfunction of the Zang Fu.
External Pathogenic Invasion

External Pathogenic Factors invade the body, particularly a Damp-Heat that can impact the function of
Stomach, intestines and Spleen, causing diarrhea.

Over-eating, eating foods that are difficult to digest, or food allergies will all obstruct the Spleen and
Stomach Qi. As a result, diarrhea will occur due to the Spleen Qi failing to ascend and the Stomach Qi
failing to descend.
Emotional problems
Over-thinking, anger, stress, depression or anxiousness will stagnate Liver Qi, which may in turn attack the
Spleen and Stomach, causing deficiency of Spleen Qi and diarrhea.
Spleen and Stomach Deficiency

Chronic diarrhea with undigested food is usually caused by weakness of the Spleen and Stomach, failing to
digest the food and water properly.
Insufficient Kidney Yang

Kidney Yang deficient diarrhea is watery and usually occurs in older patients, or those with chronic diseases
or some severe injury. Deficiency of Kidney Yang cannot warm the Spleen, Stomach and Intestine,
particularly in the early morning when there is excess of Yang Qi.
DIAGNOSIS
Acute diarrhea
The hallmark signs and symptoms of acute diarrhea are urgent bowel movements along with increased frequency
and a decrease in urine output.
Damp-Cold Invasion
Symptoms include diarrhea associated with borborygmus, watery diarrhea with undigested food, a
preference for warm drinks and warms places, and a pale tongue with a white greasy coating. In some severe
cases the patient may feel a cold sensation in the body and limbs, with profuse watery diarrhea and a deep,
thin or hidden pulse.
150
Diarrhea
Damp-Heat Invasion
Symptoms include diarrhea associated with yellowish mucous, a burning sensation in the anus, sometimes
with red and scanty urination, a hot sensation in the whole body, a preference for cold drinks and
restlessness. The tongue is red with a yellow greasy or dry coating and the pulse is fast, floating, and weak.
In severe cases, children patients may have convulsions or even lose consciousness.
Chronic diarrhea
Most chronic diarrhea develops from an acute form that was not properly treated.
Spleen Deficiency
With this condition, the diarrhea changes to loose stool with undigested food that is associated with a
bloated abdomen and borborygmus, a pale or shallow complexion, a poor appetite, and lassitude. The
tongue is pale with a white greasy coating and the pulse is slow, floating, and weak.
Liver Qi attacks the Spleen

This diarrhea will be related to emotional changes and is associated with tenesmus, sighing, belching,
distention, and distending pain sensation on the hypochondriac and abdominal regions. The tip and edge of
the tongue is red with a white coating, and the pulse is wiry.

This manifests as watery diarrhea with undigested food, occurring in the early morning, sometimes referred
to as “dawn diarrhea.” It is associated with moving gas, cramping and bloating in the lower abdomen, and a
cold and sore sensation in the body, particularly in the lower back and legs. The tongue is pale with a wet
thin white coating, and the pulse is deep and thin.
Acute diarrhea
Treatment Principle: Regulate the Qi of the Stomach and Intestines.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-25, SP-9, ST-37, and ST-39 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting
reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 with a twisting even movement technique.
Fever: ST-44, LI-1, and SI-1 with a bloodletting technique.
Cold limbs with a hidden pulse: CV-8 indirect moxibustion with salt and ginger for 7 cones.
Chronic diarrhea
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Spleen, Soothe the Liver, and Warm the Kidney Yang.
Point Prescription: CV-12, ST-25, and ST-36.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-12, ST-25, and ST-36 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle
technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
151

Spleen Deficiency: BL-20 and BL-26.
Liver Qi Stagnation: BL-18 and LV-2.
Kidney Deficiency: BL-23 and GV-4.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zone: Lateral line 3 of the forehead, middle line of the vertex, and lateral line 2 of the forehead.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into all these treatment lines transversely at a 30-degree angle, with a lifting Qi
Ear Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Small and Large Intestine, Spleen, Liver, Stomach, Kidney, Shenmen, and Sympathetic.
Select 3 points from above for each treatment. Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles with a fast twisting needle
Moxibustion
Points: BL-23, BL-52, and GV-4.
Apply indirect moxibustion with an aconite cake on BL-23, BL-52, and GV-4 for 3 cones, to treat
diarrhea of a deficiency type.
Points: ST-36, CV-6, ST-25, and SP-4.
Apply direct moxibustion on ST-36, CV-6, ST-25, and SP-4 for 7 cones for diarrhea due to
deficiency of Kidney and Spleen.
Points: CV-6, CV-12, and ST-25.
Apply moxa-pole on CV-6, CV-12 and ST-25 for 30 minutes for watery diarrhea due to Damp-
Cold.
Treat 2 or 3 times daily for 5 treatments as a course.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: abdomen and back.
Apply medium-strength stimulation of Gua Sha on the abdominal area on both sides from ST-21 to ST-28,
until the Sha (red or purple sand-like dots) appear. On the following day, apply the same technique on the
back from GV-14 to GV-10 and BL-18 to BL-22 until Sha appears. This technique is used in the treatment
of diarrhea due to Damp-Heat.
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Diarrhea
Hand Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Stomach, Lao Gong, and Large Intestine.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles in these points perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting even movement
technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes for acute diarrhea.
Cupping
Treatment area: CV-8, ST-25 and Back.
Apply fire cups on CV-8 and ST-25 for 5 minutes for diarrhea due to Damp-Cold or deficiency of
the Spleen and Kidney.
Treat twice daily for 7 treatments as a course.
Treatment area: Back.
Apply a moving cup on the back, moving it up and down from BL-15 to BL-32 until Sha appears.
Nose Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Stomach, Small intestine, Large Intestine and Spleen.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting even movement
needle technique until the patient feels a numb sensation. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
For diarrhea due to Cold that is worse in the winter and associated with pain and bloating in the abdominal and navel regions:
ST-37 (Ling Shu: Chapter Xie Qi Zang Fu Bing Xing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-37 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool onto the handles of the needles for 5 cones.
For diarrhea alternating with loose stools, caused by Spleen Deficiency: LV-3, CV-8, and SP-6. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-3 and SP-6 perpendicularly, 0.8 to 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique. Apply indirect moxibustion with salt (and a piece of ginger) on CV-8 for 3 cones.
For diarrhea containing undigested food: LV-8, and LI-9. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-8 and LI-9 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
153
For severe watery diarrhea: CV-12, and BL-23. (Zhen Jiu Feng Yuan)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique and remove the needles after Qi appears. Apply indirect moxibustion with Fu
Zi (aconite) cake on BL-23 for 5 cones. Then insert a 1.5 cun #32 needles in CV-12 obliquely at a 45-degree
angle, towards CV-11, 1.2 cun deep with a clockwise rubbing technique.
Retain needles for 20 minutes and apply moxa-pole on the side.
For diarrhea due to deficient Interior Cold: CV-4, CV-3, ST-25, SP-6, CV-12, ST-21, and CV-6. (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Select 3 points from the above prescription; and apply indirect moxibustion with ginger for 5 cones.
For Kidney Deficient diarrhea in seniors: CV-8, CV-4, BL-20, BL-25 (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-20 and BL-25 for 9 cones, and apply indirect moxibustion
with Fu Zi (aconite) cake on CV-8 and CV-4 for 3 cones.
For diarrhea in children: BL-21, CV-9, ST-25, and CV-8. (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Apply moxa-pole for 20 minutes on BL-21 and 15 minutes on CV-9, ST-25, and CV-8.
Treat one or twice a day for 5 to 7 treatments as a course.
For diarrhea due to improper food intake: SP-9, KI-2, ST-37, and LV-3. (Yi Xue Gang Mu)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-9 and ST-37 with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32
needles into KI-2 and LV-3 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 30
minutes.
For turbulent acute watery diarrhea: SP-2, BL-60, LV-14, SP-9, and CV-12. (Zhen Jiu Ji Chen)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into SP-2 and BL-60 with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32
needles into LV-14 transversely at a 30 degree angle, 1 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-9 and CV-12 perpendicularly, with a twisting even movement
For watery diarrhea accompanied by thirst and abdominal water retention: GV-14. (Bao Ming Ji)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-14 for 11 cones.
Treat one or twice a day for 5 treatments as a course.
For watery diarrhea with Kidney Deficiency: BL-23 and BL-32. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-23 and BL-32 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique,
and apply moxa wool on the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
For severe watery diarrhea with Interior Cold: BL-23 and CV-12. (Zhen Jiu Feng Yuan)
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-12 for 5 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-23 with a
lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa-wool to the handles for 3 cones.
Treat one or twice and day for 5 treatments as a course.
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Diarrhea
For watery brown diarrhea: GB-25, CV-9, ST-36, KI-2, SP-9, BL-60, GV-1, BL-25, BL-23, LV-13, and CV-6.
(Ru Men Shi Qin)
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-9 and CV-6 for 5 cones. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into
GV-1 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #30 needles into
GB-25, BL-60, KI-2, ST-36, LV-13, and SP-9 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles
for 30 minutes.
Insert 1.5-cun #32 needles into BL-23 and BL-25 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique,
and apply moxa wool to the needle handles for 3 cones.
For diarrhea due to deficiency of the Spleen: LV-3, CV-8, and SP-6. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-6 and LV-3 obliquely, in an upward direction at a 60-degree angle, with a
twisting even movement needle technique. Apply indirect moxibustion with salt (a piece of ginger) on CV-8
for 7 cones.
For diarrhea due to a Wind-Cold invasion, associated with cold painful sensations in the abdominal region:
LU-7, ST-25, CV-12, CV-4, and SP-6 (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LU-7 and SP-6 with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32
needles into ST-25 and CV-12 with a twisting even movement technique. Apply indirect moxibustion with
ginger on CV-4 for 11 cones.
For chronic loose stool or diarrhea due to deficiency of the Spleen and Kidney: GV-20, ST-25, CV-12, and CV-6.
(Wan Bing Hui Chun)
Apply a moxa pole on GV-20 for 30 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-25, CV-12 and CV-6 with
a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the needle handles for 3 cones.
For frequent, watery diarrhea due to improper food intake or infection: ST-44, ST-25, and SP-6. (Zhen Jiu Bian Yong)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into ST-44 and SP-6 with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #30
needles into ST-25 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
For senile patients with deficient diarrhea and a cold cramping sensation around the naval and abdominal region, associated with
undigested food: CV-6, ST-36, SP-6, and GB-38. (Wei Shen Bao Jian)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-6 for 20 cones and on ST-36, SP-6, and GB-38 for 5 cones.
For chronic diarrhea in babies: ST-8 and BL-21. (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Apply moxa-pole on ST-8 for 15 minutes and on BL-21 for 10 minutes.
Treat two or three times daily for 10 treatments as a course.
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CASE ANALYSIS
A 60 year-old male patient had a main complaint of chronic diarrhea for 3 years, and had been diagnosed
with chronic colitis. The diarrhea was watery and occurred every morning, often preceded by a cold sensation in the
abdominal region that was associated with undigested food, borborygmus, cold sensations in the limbs and body,
frequent urination, and was reduced by warmth and pressure. The tongue was pale with a wet white coating and the
pulse was deep and thin.
Diagnosis: Diarrhea due to Kidney and Spleen Yang Deficiency
Treatment Principle: Reinforce Spleen and Kidney Yang and Reduce the frequency of the diarrhea.
Prescription: ST-25, CV-6, ST-36, GV-20, BL-23, BL-20, GV-4, and GV-14.
Treatment was performed once every other day for 10 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-25 and CV-6 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting reinforcing needle technique, removing the needles after the patient felt the Qi sensation. Indirect
moxibustion was applied with Fu Zi (aconite) cake on ST-25 and CV-6 for 5 cones.
Then 1.5 cun #32 needles were inserted into ST-36 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Moxa pole was
then applied on GV-20 for 20 minutes.
1.5 cun #30 needles were then inserted into GV-14, BL-20, BL-23 and GV-4 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with
a twisting reinforcing needle technique and moxa wool was applied on the needle handles for 3 cones.
Result: After 3 treatments, the diarrhea was reduced to less then 3 times a day. The symptoms were completely cured
after 10 treatments.
EVALUATION
Diarrhea can be caused through various causes either pathogenic in nature or internally caused.
Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective in treating many kinds of diarrhea. With correct diagnosis and
treatment, diarrhea can be effectively treated within a short time frame. However, it is very important for the patient
to be careful of his or her lifestyle. The patient has to pay attention to improper food intake and avoid detrimental
emotions. Clinically, a strong stimulation of the needle and moxibustion are more effective than a milder technique.
For patients suffering from chronic diarrhea further exams are necessary to avoid misdiagnosis of some other severe
disease, such as cancer.
156
Dizziness and Vertigo
157
DIZZINESS AND VERTIGO

Vertigo refers to a feeling of dizziness, something reminiscent of motion sickness or the sensation of being
in a spinning room. However, there is a clear distinction between the two in TCM. Dizziness refers to a state where
the person feels him or herself spinning in a stable environment. Vertigo refers to the opposite where the person is
stable and experiencing the environment spinning. This is usually associated with nausea, vomiting, spontaneous
sweating, headaches and lassitude. In TCM, the category of dizziness and vertigo is called “Xuan Yun”, which is
generally caused by Wind, deficiency and Phlegm. Some western medical views on this sensation are usually
attributed to side affects of drugs, hypertension, anemia, neurasthenia, Meniere’s syndrome, arteriosclerosis, or even
brain tumors. In TCM, dizziness and vertigo are attributed to the following:
Liver Yang Rising

Most dizziness and vertigo is caused by a deficiency of Liver and Kidney Yin, leading the Yang to rise up
with Wind and Phlegm, disrupting the Brain Palace.
Liver Fire
This syndrome is generally caused by stagnation of Qi due to long-term, unhealthy emotional stimulation
that turns into Fire that rises up with Interior Wind and bothers the head.

Generally, dizziness and vertigo caused by deficiency of Blood occurs after a long-term or chronic disease,
or a loss of a large amount of blood in which the blood cannot nourish the brain well.
Kidney Jing Deficiency

This occurs with older people or those who are overly tired, excessively sexually active, or chronically ill.
They may experience symptoms of Kidney Jing Deficiency because the Kidneys’ stored essence (Jing)
produces the marrow, and the brain is considered to be the Sea of Marrow in TCM theory. Therefore, a
lack of Jing can influence the brain and cause dizziness and vertigo.
Phlegm stagnation
Damp Invasion or weakness of the Stomach and Spleen will cause an accumulation of Phlegm that
stagnates in the middle warmer, obstructing the clear Qi sent up to the brain, causing dizziness and vertigo.
DIAGNOSIS
Deficiency type
Dizziness caused by deficiency will be aggravated by fatigue and poor sleep, and is usually associated with a
pale complexion, heart palpitations, insomnia, soreness and weakness in the lower back, and occasional
ringing in the ear. The tongue is pale and swollen with a white coating and the pulse is thin and weak. In this
case, there will be no sensation of the room spinning.
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Excess type
This type occurs with frequent dizziness and vertigo, with more of the room spinning sensation than
dizziness. It is associated with a heavy and painful sensation in the head, a tendency towards anger and
restlessness, distention and a stuffy sensation in the chest and hypochondriac region, nausea, vomiting with
phlegm, and a poor appetite. The tongue is red with a thick yellowish coating and the pulse is wiry or fast
and slippery.
Deficiency type
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Qi and Blood and Reduce the dizziness.
Point Prescription: GV-20, GB-20, BL-17, BL-23, and ST-36.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into GV-20 and GB-20 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique and 1.5 cun
#30 needles into BL-17, BL-23, and ST-36 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Apply moxa wool to
the handle of the needles for 3 to 5 cones. Apply moxa-pole to GV-20 for 10 minutes.
Heart palpitations: PC-6.
Insomnia: HT-7.
Ringing ear: SI-19.
Excess type
Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver, Subdue the Yang, Harmonize the Stomach, and Resolve the Phlegm.
Point Prescription: CV-12, SP-9, LV-2, KI-5, and Yin Tang.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-2 and Yin Tang with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1 cun
#34needles into KI-3 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-12 and SP-9
with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Hypochondriac pain: GB-34.
Headache: ST-8 and GV-20.
Nausea: PC-6 and ST-36.
Ear Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Heart, Liver, Spleen, Stomach, Kidney, Brain point, Occiput, Shen Men, Sympathetic,
and Endocrine.
Select 3 to 4 points from the above in each treatment. Insert 0.5 cun #34 ear needles into these points
obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 45 degree angle, with a fast twisting needle technique. Retain all needles for 40
minutes. Or, apply press-ball on these points (one side only) and leave for 3 to 5 days.
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Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zone: Middle line of the vertex, middle line of the forehead, anterior oblique line of the temple,
and posterior oblique line of the temple.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into these lines transversely, 0.8 cun deep at a 30 degree angle with a fast twisting
Cupping
Treatment area: Back, Chest, and Abdomen.
Apply fire cups on the back near GV-14, SI-12, BL-11 and BL-44 (palpate before cupping on the back, Ah
Shi points will be found near these points when the patient has dizziness and vertigo). Retain the cups for 3
minutes. Apply fire cups on CV-17 and ST-25. Retain the cups for 5 minutes.
Treat once daily for 3 treatments as a course, along with other therapy.
Moxibustion
Moxa pole
Apply moxa pole on CV-6, CV-4, GV-20, GV-4, and BL-23 for 30 minutes to treat dizziness and
vertigo of the deficiency type.
Indirect moxibustion: CV-6, BL-18, BL-20, BL-23, GV-14, BL-43, and BL-48.
Select 3 to 4 points from the above prescription and apply indirect moxibustion with ginger or Fu
Zi (aconite) cake on these points for 3 to 5 cones for deficient dizziness and vertigo.
Direct moxibustion: SI-1, SP-1, LI-1, ST-44, BL-62, GV-14, CV-17, GV-4, and BL-32.
Select 5 points from the above prescription and apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on these
points for 7 cones, to treat dizziness and vertigo for both deficiency and excess types.
Foot Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Kidney, Liver, Heart, Inner Nei Ting, Inner Tai Cong, and Head.
Select 3 points each treatment from the above prescription and insert 1 cun #32 needles into these points
perpendicularly, 0.3 cun to 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique to treat dizziness and
vertigo for both excess and deficiency types. Or apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on these points for 7
cones.

Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these lines transversely, 1.3 cun deep at a 15 degree angle and gently adjust
the direction and depth of the needles until no sensation appears near the needles. Retain all needles for 40
minutes to treat dizziness and vertigo for both deficiency and excess types.
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Gua Sha
Treatment area: Back, Chest, Legs, and Arms. (Only select one treatment area daily.)
Apply a medium-strength Gua Sha technique on the interior of the scapula and middle back from GV-14 to
GV-7 until the Sha appears. Apply a mild-strength Gua Sha technique on the chest from CV-19 to CV-15
until Sha appears. Apply a medium-strength Gua Sha technique to the interior side of elbow and the BL-40
area until a red color appears.
Bloodletting
Point: LV-1, PC-3, LI-1, Tip of ear, and Tai Yang.
Apply a bloodletting technique on these points with a lancet or a 1 cun #26 needle to treat dizziness and
vertigo of the excess type.
The following prescriptions are from the Yu Long Jing.

For vertigo with a sensation of a spinning room: GV-16.
Insert a 1.5 cun #30needle into GV-16 perpendicularly 1 cun deep towards the chin with a twisting reducing
needle technique. Retain the needle for 20 minutes.
For vertigo and dizziness with vomiting and a stuffy sensation in the chest: GV-25 and BL-6.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-25 and BL-6 transversely towards the back 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a
For vertigo and dizziness with a ringing ear, red complexion, and being too tired to speak: BL-2, ST-36, LI-4, and GB-20.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-2 obliquely, 0.5 cun to 0.8 cun deep towards the point Yu Yao with a
twisting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a
lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 with a twisting reducing
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GB-20 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep towards the nose with a twisting
reducing needle technique. Retain the needles for 10 minutes.
Treat once every other day for 5 treatments as a course for the above techniques.
For dizziness and vertigo with a heavy sensation in the head and a stuffy nose: GV-20.
Insert a 1 cun #30 needle into GV-20 transversely, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep at a 30 degree angle, towards the
nose with a fast twisting needle technique for 3 minutes.
For dizziness and vertigo with a stiff neck and upper back: GV-16.
Insert a 1.5 cun #32needle into GV-16 perpendicularly 1 cun deep towards the chin with a twisting reducing
needle technique.
For dizziness and vertigo with blurry eyes: BL-66
For dizziness and vertigo with a painful sensation in the eyebrows: BL-18 and LU-3.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-18 and LU-3 perpendicularly 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique.
161
For dizziness and vertigo with red eyes and a headache: TW-2 and BL-2.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into TW-2 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique
and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-2 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep towards the BL-1 direction with a twisting even
For dizziness and vertigo with a headache and tearing: GV-25.
Insert a 1 cun #30 needle in GV-25 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with the Qi Ci technique (three needles
on one point, one is in the middle and two other needles on the sides).
The following prescriptions are from their stated sources.
For dizziness and vertigo with Interior Heat and Phlegm: GV-23, GB-20, and BL-10. (Zhen Jiu Ju Ying)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-23 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30 degree angle, towards the back with
a fast twisting needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-20 and BL-10 perpendicularly, with a
lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For dizziness and vertigo with Interior Phlegm and lassitude: TW-5, LV-1, BL-18, and GV-20. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion to LV-1 for 9 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-5 with the
Qing Long Bai Wei—Green Dragon Waves its Tail needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-18
perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool to the handles
for 3 cones. Insert a 1 cun #30 needle into GV-20 obliquely, 0.8 cun deep at a 45 degree angle, towards the
back with a fast twisting needle technique.
For dizziness and vertigo with a heavy sensation in the head: BL-67, BL-8, GV-16, TW-2, and TW-23. (Shen Yin Jing)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion to BL-67 for 7 cones and then insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-18
obliquely, towards the spinal column 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert a 1.5
cun #32 needle into GV-16 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep towards the chin with a twisting reducing needle
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into TW-2 with a twisting even movement needle technique and 1 cun #32
needles into TW-23 perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique.
For dizziness and vertigo with the sensation that the room is spinning: BL-13, BL-23, and LI-4. (Zhen Jiu Quan Shu)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique,
and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-13 and BL-23 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For dizziness and vertigo due to Wind: GB-42, TW-4, SI-4, and BL-2. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into GB-42, TW-4 and SI-4 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reducing
needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-2 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep at a 30 degree angle towards Yu
Yao with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
162
For dizziness and vertigo due to Wind Invasion: GV-20 and GV-17. (Yi Shuo)
Apply a bloodletting technique at GV-20 and GV-17 for 2 to 3 drops of blood.
Treat once daily for 1 to 2 treatments as a course.
For dizziness and vertigo with Phlegm and eyebrow pain:
ST-40, LV-3, LI-4, GV-16, GB-20, and SI-19 (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-20 and GV-16 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep towards the chin with a
lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-40 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3 and LI-4
with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into SI-19 with a twisting even
CASE ANALYSIS
A 38 year-old female patient has a main complaint of dizziness for the last 2 years. It intensified one month
recently and was associated with lassitude, poor sleep, a pale complexion, a poor appetite, a bloated abdomen and
pale lips and nails. The tongue was pale with a thin white coating and the pulse was thin and weak.
Diagnosis: Dizziness due to deficiency of Blood and Qi.
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Spleen and build up Qi and Blood.
Point Prescription: GV-20, LV-3, and CV-6.
She was treated twice a week for 10 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-3 obliquely, 1 cun deep towards KI-1 direction with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply
moxa pole on GV-20 for 20 minutes.
Result: The symptoms were remarkably reduced after 3 treatments, and after a total of 15 treatments, all symptoms
were resolved.
EVALUATION
In the classic book, Nei Jing, it says: “Dizziness and vertigo will not occur without deficiency, Wind and
Phlegm.” This suggests that these three reasons are the most common causes of dizziness and vertigo. That is why
a clear diagnosis directly influences the effects of the treatment. For example, we cannot use techniques to nourish
Kidney Yin and subdue Liver Yang to treat dizziness and vertigo that is caused by Spleen deficiency and stagnation
with Interior Phlegm.
Acupuncture and moxibustion is very effective in treating dizziness and vertigo without any side effects or
interference with other therapy. The TCM dictated treatments could be a main treatment when the patient has
meridian problems and can be a supplemental treatment when the patient suffers from severe brain injury.
163
DYSENTERY
Dysentery is a common intestinal infection that most frequently occurs during summer and fall. TCM
believes it is caused by improper food intake with an External Pathogenic Invasion, which in combination can
obstruct the function of the Large Intestine. The patient’s main symptoms will be of frequent diarrhea with
tenesmus. When pathogenic infections injure the Large Intestine Qi it will cause purulent mucous in bowels, and if
the infection injures the Blood, a red color will be appear. Usually there are two categories of differentiating
Dysentery:
Contaminated Food
Most infections of dysentery are due to contaminated food, which impacts the Stomach and Intestine Qi
movement.
External Invasion
Dampness and Heat invade the intestine directly and stagnate food transport. When this infection of
dysentery occurs it usually causes bleeding, mucus, and watery diarrhea.
DIAGNOSIS
Dysentery due to Damp-Heat

Dysentery due to pathogenic Damp-Heat is characterized by abdominal pain, tenesmus, a bloody stool with
mucous, a burning sensation of the anus, and scanty deep-colored urine. In the beginning of this disease, the
patient will have aversion to cold then fever with restlessness and thirst. A yellowish greasy coating will be
apparent on the tongue and the pulse will be slippery and rapid.
Fulminate Dysentery
Dysentery due to severe pathogenic invasion is characterized by frequent bowel movement with a purulent
and bloody mucous, and foul smell. The associated signs are severe abdominal pain, tenesmus, high fever,
thirsty, and even convulsion or coma. The tongue is dark red with a yellow greasy coating and the pulse is
thin and fast.
Fasting Dysentery
Dysentery due to pathogenic Damp-Heat, which travels up attacks the Stomach causes anorexia and an
inability to eat, vomiting upon eating and drinking, stuffy sensation in the chest, and sticky bloody and
purulent mucous in the bowels. The associated signs are high fever and lassitude. The tongue is red with a
yellow greasy coating and the pulse is floating, weak, and fast.
Cold-Damp Dysentery
Dysentery characterized by passage of a whitish, thin purulent stool, absence of fever, distending or distress
in the epigastric region, dull pain in the abdomen, tenesmus, listlessness, absence of thirst, poor appetite,
clear urine, slight fever, and tastelessness are associated with Cold-Damp Invasion. The tongue will be pale
with a white greasy coating and the pulse will be slow.
164
Dysentery
Recurrent Dysentery
Recurrent Dysentery is characterized by a long-term and repeated occurrence that appears with a purulent
and bloody stool, tenesmus, and continuation of slight symptoms in between attacks. There are two types
seen in TCM, Yang Deficiency and Yin Deficiency. The Yang Deficient patient will have a pale
complexion, loose stool with a poor appetite, pale tongue, thin white coating, and a slow pulse. The Yin
Deficient patient will have a low-grade fever, listlessness, thirst, dry throat, stool that is sticky with bloody
mucous, a red tongue without coating, and a thin and fast pulse.
Treatment Principle: Clear Heat, Resolve Damp, and Regulate the Qi and Blood.
Point Prescription: LI-4, ST-25, and ST-37.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 perpendicularly, 0.7 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique,
and 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-37 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 2
cun #30 needles into ST-25 perpendicularly, 1.5 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
Fulminate Dysentery: GV-14 and Shi Xuan with bloodletting technique.
Fasting Dysentery: CV-12 and PC-6.
Cold-Damp Dysentery: SP-9 and CV-6.
Recurrent Dysentery: BL-20 and BL-23 with moxibustion for Yang deficiency, and KI-6 and SP-10 for Yin
Deficiency.
Ear Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Large Intestine, Small Intestine, Stomach, Rectum, Shen Men, Spleen, and Kidney.
Select 2-3 points during each treatment. Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 45
degree angle with strong twisting needle technique for acute type of dysentery, and weak twisting needle
technique for deficiency type of dysentery. Retain all needles for 40 minutes.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Middle line of vertex, Middle line of forehead, and Lateral line 2 and 3 of the forehead.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into Middle line of vertex and Middle line of forehead transversely, 1 cun deep at
a 30 degree angle backwards with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #30 needles
into Lateral line 2 and 3 of the forehead transversely, 0.8 cun deep at a 30 degree angle towards the face
with fast twisting needle technique. Retain all needles for 40 minutes.
165
Moxibustion
(For the treatment of deficient type dysentery, Cold or loss of a amount of body fluid.)
Direct moxibustion: CV-6, ST-25, ST-37, SP-4, BL-20, and BL-25.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on these points for 11 cones in each treatment.
Indirect moxibustion: CV-8, CV-4, ST-25, GV-4, and BL-25.
Apply indirect moxibustion with salt on CV-8 for 5 cones, and with ginger on ST-25 and CV-4 for
5 cones.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on GV-4 and BL-25 for 5 cones.
Moxa pole: GV-20, CV-6, ST-25, CV-12, BL-20, and BL-40.
Apply moxa-pole for 10 minutes on each point.
Treat once daily for 5 treatments as a course, or with other therapy together.
Bloodletting
Treatment area: PC-3 and BL-40.
(For the treatment of dysentery due to Heat.)
Apply bloodletting technique on PC-3 (looking for purple or blue veins) to squeeze 2-3 drops of blood.
Then apply again on BL-40 to squeeze 5 drops of blood.
Treat once every other day for 2 treatments as a course, or with other therapy together.
For general dysentery: LI-4, ST-36, and BL-29. (Za Bing Xue Fa Ge)
Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-29 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique.
Retain needles for 10 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-36 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing
needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain
For dysentery with bloody stool: ST-44, ST-25, SP-1, CV-6, PC-6, and KI-6. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into ST-44 and KI-6 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique, and 2 cun #30 needles into ST-25 perpendicularly, 1.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-6 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique, and 1 cun #34 needles into PC-6 obliquely, 0.6 cun deep at a 60 degree angle upwards
with twisting even movement needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on SP-1 for 9 cones.
For dysentery with purulent stool: TW-5, SP-1, ST-25, and BL-62. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-5 and ST-25 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique, 1 cun #32 needles into BL-62 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep at a 45 degree angle towards
upwards with twisting even movement needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on SP-1
for 10 cones.
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Dysentery
For dysentery with bloody and purulent stool: CV-1 and GV-4. (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-1 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique,
and 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique. Apply moxa wool on the handle of needle for 3 cones.
For tenesmus during dysentery: CV-11, ST-25, and KI-6. (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-11 and ST-25 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into KI-6 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep at a 60 degree angle with twisting
For chronic dysentery: BL-20, ST-25, BL-22, BL-25, ST-36, and SP-6. (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on SP-6, ST-36, and ST-25 for 9 cones. Apply indirect moxibustion
with ginger or Fu Zi (aconite) cake on BL-20, BL-22, and BL-25 for 5 cones.
For dysentery due to Damp-Heat: LI-4, ST-25, ST-37, LI-11, ST-44, and CV-12. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-25, ST-37, LI-11, and CV-12 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 and ST-44 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all
For dysentery due to Cold-Damp: CV-12, ST-25, BL-25, CV-6, ST-36, and SP-4. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique,
and 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-36 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun
#32 needles into CV-12, ST-25, and CV-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique. Apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 5 cones. Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-25
perpendicularly, 2-2.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique and retain the needles for 10
minutes.
For fasting dysentery: CV-12, BL-21, BL-20, ST-44, LV-13, and PC-6. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-20 and BL-21 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique, and 1 cun #34 needles into ST-44 and PC-6 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-13 for 9 cones.
For chronic dysentery: LI-4, ST-36, SP-9, CV-12, CV-4, CV-8, and CV-3. (Yi Xue Gang Mu)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 perpendicularly, 0.6 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 and SP-9 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert
1.5 cun #34 needles into CV-12 and CV-3 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique. Apply indirect moxibustion with salt on CV-8 for 5 cones. Apply indirect moxibustion
with ginger on CV-4 for 3 cones.
For dysentery with abdominal pain: LU-7, ST-44, ST-25, and SP-6. (Zhen Jiu Da Chuan)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-7 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 15 degree angle upwards with twisting
even movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-44 and SP-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep
with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 2 cun #30 needles into ST-25 perpendicularly, 1.5-1.7 cun
deep with twisting reducing needle technique.
167
For dysentery with tenesmus and purulent watery stool: KI-7 and BL-25. (Zhen Jiu Da Chuan)
Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-25 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into KI-7 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
For dysentery with prolapsed of anus: GV-2 and BL-57. (Zhen Jiu Da Chuan)
Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into BL-57 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Apply moxa-pole on GV-2 for 20
minutes.
For dysentery with Qi deficiency and tenesmus: SP-4, CV-11, LV-13, and KI-7. (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
and 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-11 and KI-7 with twisting even movement needle technique. Apply direct
non-scarring moxibustion on LV-13 for 11 cones.
For dysentery with constant fever, purulent, and bloody stool:
ST-25, BL-20, SP-3, LI-3, LU-5, ST-41, and LI-8 (Cai Ai Bian Yi)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-3, LI-8, ST-41, and SP-3 with twisting even movement needle technique,
and 1.5 cun #30 needles into LU-5 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Next insert 2 cun
#30 needles into ST-25 perpendicularly, 1.7 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-20 perpendicular 1.2 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones.
For chronic dysentery due to deficiency of Yang: CV-6, CV-12, ST-28, GB-27, and SP-6. (Zhen Jiu Ju Ying)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-6 obliquely, 1.2 cun deep at a 60 degree angle upwards with twisting
even movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #34 needles into ST-28 and CV-12 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun
deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply indirect moxibustion with Fu Zi (aconite) cake on
CV-6 GB-27 for 5 cones.
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Dysentery
CASE ANALYSIS
A 28 year-old male patient presented with a main complaint of dysentery for 5 days, the diarrhea occurring
over 12 times a day with severe abdominal pain, purulent and bloody tenesmus. His symptoms were associated with
a stuffy sensation in the chest, poor appetite, nausea, fever, aversion to cold, body achiness and a tender sensation in
the body and limbs. The tongue was red with a yellow greasy coating and the pulse was floating and slippery.
Diagnosis: Dysentery due to stagnation of Damp-Heat.
Treatment Principle: Expel the Exterior, Resolve the Damp-Heat, and Clear the Fu-bowel.
Point Prescription: LI-4, LI-11, GB-20, ST-25, ST-37, ST-44, and CV-12.
Treatment was performed once daily for 3 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-20 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep towards the nose with a lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain needles for 10 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11, ST-37, and CV-12 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 and ST-44 with twisting reducing needle technique.
Next insert 2 cun #30 needles into ST-25 perpendicularly, 1.7 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Repeat the process every 3 minutes during 30 minutes of retainment.
Result: The fever and pain sensation were reduced after the first course of treatment. The diarrhea lessened to 5
times a day, but the purulent mucus was still there.
New Point Prescription: Same as above with the addition of GV-1 and the removal of GB-20.
Treatment was given once every other day for 5 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-1 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique, and apply moxa pole on the side of the needle for 10 minutes.
Result: The symptoms totally resolved after 5 treatments.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective for treating both bacterial and amoebic dysentery. The
needle technique greatly influences the results of the treatment, as well as a proper diagnosis. Therefore, those two
key points are essential to resolve before beginning treatment. In chronic cases, moxibustion will have an excellent
effect, more so than needles. Treatment is better continued for 1 or 2 courses after the symptoms have entirely
resolved to prevent reoccurrence.
169
EDEMA
Edema refers to water retention within the body, which may accumulate and stagnate in the muscles, skin,
head, limbs, organs, or anywhere in the body. There are two types known in TCM, Yin Water and Yang Water
retention, which include local and/or whole body edema caused by the Heart, Kidney or malnutrition problems.
This stagnation of water in the body can cause a variety of symptoms based on the nature of its causes. These
symptoms can vary from local pains, aches, tremors, and even fever. Of the different causes identified in TCM there
are five major categories based on its symptoms and location:
Wind Invasion causing the Lung to fail in its ascending and descending function
A Wind Invasion obstructs the pathway of water, impacting the Lung. This is often the cause of most acute
edema. In this case, the water retention usually occurs on the surface of the body, particularly in the upper
body and face. It is known in Chinese as Feng Shui—Wind Water.
Dampness and toxicity invade the Lung and Spleen

Some skin edema is caused by Heat toxin (such as some eczema or other dermatological disorders).
Infections that invade from the outside of the body and move to the inside to the organs usually invade the
Lung and Spleen. The Spleen fails in transporting and transforming and the Lung fails in ascending and
descending, resulting in whole body edema.
Stagnation of the Spleen

Often, Spleen stagnation is caused by either Dampness invading from the environment or from an
improper food intake that damages the Spleen Qi. As a result, edema will appear on the surface of the body
after a long period of Spleen stagnation and failure in transporting and transforming.
Damp-Heat Stagnation
This refers to an accumulation of water in the body that turns to Heat and stagnates in the San Jiao
meridian, causing edema.
Most kinds of deficiency edema are caused by deficiency of the Kidney, which fails in water metabolism.
Edema will appear in the body, particularly in the lower half.
DIAGNOSIS
Yang Water
Symptoms of Yang Water retention include water retention that starts in the head and face and then travels
over the whole body, above the waist being more severe than below and is characterized by a depressed
hollow that recovers quickly after being pressed. The signs associated with it are: fever, an aversion to cold
and an achy sensation in the back and limbs. With a Wind-Cold Invasion, the patient will have a pale tongue
with a thin white coating and the pulse will be tight and floating. With a Wind-Heat Invasion, the patient
will have a sore throat with a red tongue and a yellow coating and the pulse will be floating and fast.
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Edema
Yin Water
Symptoms of Yin Water include water retention that starts from the foot and travels upward. Below the
waist is more severe than above, with a depressing hollow that recovers slowly. Other associated symptoms
include darkened skin and scanty urine. In Spleen deficient patients, there is an accompanying bloated
abdomen, loose stools, and lassitude. The tongue is pale with a white greasy coating and the pulse is slow
and weak. In Kidney deficient patients, the edema is accompanied by a sore, cold, and weak sensation in the
low back and limbs, lassitude, a pale tongue with a white coating, and a deep and weak pulse.
Advanced stage of Edema

Usually, this stage is related to kidney damage. Water retention could be throughout the whole body,
particularly in the abdomen and chest, associated with scanty urination or even no urine, shortness of
breath, heart palpitations, nausea, vomiting, loss of consciousness, and/or nose and bleeding gums. This is
called Water-toxin attacking the Heart and Lung in TCM.
Yang Water
Treatment Principle: Expel the Wind and Promote water metabolism.
Point Prescription: BL-13, BL-22, LI-6, SP-9, and LI-4.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-13 obliquely, towards the spine 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique and then insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-22 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with the Zi
Wu Dao Jiu technique. (This is one combination of needle technique. See Section 3 for details.) Retain all needles for
10 minutes.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-6 and LI-4 with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #30 needles into
SP-9 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Sore throat: LU-11 with a bloodletting technique.
Facial swelling: GV-26.
Yin Water
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Spleen, Warm the Kidney, Build up the Yang Qi, and Move the water.
Point Prescription: BL-20, BL-23, CV-9, CV-6, KI-3, and ST-36.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-20 and BL-23 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique,
and apply moxa wool on the needle handles for 3 cones. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-6 perpendicularly, 1.2
cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into KI-3 and ST-36 with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxibustion with ginger on CV-9 for 5 to 7 cones.
Bloated abdomen: CV-12.
Loose stool: ST-25.
Interior Cold: CV-8 and CV-4 indirect moxibustion with salt and Fu Zi (aconite) cake for 5 to7 cones.
171
Ear Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Kidney, Spleen, Heart, Helix, and Endocrine.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 ear needles into these points obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 30 degree angle, with a fast
twisting needle technique. Retain all needles for 40 minutes.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Middle line of the forehead and vertex, lateral line 1 and 2 of the forehead.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into the middle line of the forehead, the lateral line 1 and 2 of the forehead
transversely towards the face, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep at a 30 degree angle, with a fast twisting needle technique.
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into the middle line of the vertex transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30 degree angle
towards the back with a lifting the Qi technique. Retain all needles for 40 minutes
Moxibustion
Point Prescription: CV-9, CV-12, CV-6, SP-3, Wai Huai Jian, BL-22, BL-20, and BL-32.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on SP-3, Wai Huai Jian, CV-12 and BL-32 for 9 cones. Or apply
indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-9, CV-6, BL-22 and BL-20 for 5 cones.
Foot Acupuncture
Points: San Jiao, Small intestine, Kidney, and Spleen.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting even movement
Wrist and ankle Acupuncture

Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these lines transversely, 1.2 cun deep at a 15 degree angle, with a slow
insertion needle technique to avoid any needle sensation. Retain the needles for 40 minutes.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Back, Chest, Abdomen, BL-39, and PC-3.
Apply medium stimulation of Gua Sha technique on the upper back from BL-41 to BL-45, and on the chest
from CV-21 to CV-16, until the red color and purple dots—Sha appears. Apply mild stimulation of Gua
Sha on the abdomen along both sides of the Stomach meridian, BL-39, and the PC-3 area, until red marks
appear.
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Edema
Cupping
Treatment area: Mid-back, CV-8, and ST-25.
Apply fire cups on the mid-back near BL-22, BL-50, and BL-47 and retain the cups for 3 minutes. Then
apply cups on CV-8 and ST-25. Retain the cups for 5 minutes.
TRADITIONAL PRESCRIPITONS AND TECHNIQUE

For edema on the face and eyes with a high fever: KI-6, GV-26, LI-4, ST-36, GB-15, LI-11, and SP-6.
(Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into GV-26 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle
technique and 1 cun #32 needles into GB-15 transversely, 0.5 cun deep towards the face at a 30 degree
angle with a fast twisting needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-36, LI-11, SP-6, and LI-4
with a twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into KI-6 obliquely, towards the
center of the ankle with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For edema accompanied by a bloated belly: GV-26 and CV-9. (Gu Jin Yi An)
Insert 1 a cun #32 needle into GV-26 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique. Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-9 for 7 cones.
For edema of the Yin Water type:
CV-9, CV-6, BL-20, BL-23, ST-36, SP-6, and BL-39 (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Ji Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-20, BL-23 and BL-39 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the needle handles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32
needles onto CV-9, CV-6, ST-36, and SP-9 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool
on the handles for 5 cones.
Additional point for other associated symptoms:
Upper extremity edema: LI-6.
Lower extremity edema: SP-9.
Foot edema: GB-42.
Loose stools: ST-25.
For edema around the belly: SP-9 and CV-9. (Bai Zhen Fu)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-9, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique, and apply moxa wool on the handles for 3 cones. Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-
9 for 7 cones.
For edema in the lower body: CV-9 and KI-6. (Zha Bing Xue Fa Ge)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-9 and KI-6 for 9 cones.
173
For edema in the whole body: GV-26, BL-21, LI-4, CV-5, ST-36, KI-7, LV-8, and KI-14. (Zhen Jiu Ju Ying)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-21 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into GV-26
and LI-4 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-5, ST-36,
KI-7, LV-8, and KI-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle technique. Apply
moxa wool on the handles for 3 cones.
For edema in the belly: BL-20, CV-9, and BL-18. (Jing Yue Quan Shu)
Apply direct moxibustion on BL-20 and BL-18 for 9 cones. Apply indirect moxibustion with Gan Sui and
Da Ji (Chinese herbs) on CV-9 for 5 cones.
For edema on the head and face: SP-4, GV-26, ST-40, ST-43, LU-7, GV-23, GB-34, and GB-17. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into GV-26, SP-4 and ST-43 with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun
#32 needles into LU-7, GV-23, and GB-17 transversely, at a 30 degree angle 1 cun deep with a twisting
even movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-34 and ST-40 with a lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
For edema on the head and face: GB-12, SI-18, GV-24, BL-45, GB-16, GB-20, and LI-4. (Zhen Jiu Quan Shu)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-12, GB-20, and GB-16 with a twisting reducing needle technique and
1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-45 transversely, towards BL-46, 1 cun deep at a 30 degree angle with a twisting
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SI-18, GV-24, and LI-4 with a twisting even movement needle technique.
For pediatric edema with a swollen belly and limbs: One cun above the navel. (Ming Tang Jiu Jing)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion one cun above the navel for 7 cones.
The following four prescriptions are from the Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Ji Jing.
For edema with heaviness and a swollen body: ST-22.
For edema with asthma and difficulty lying down: LU-3 and SP-9.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LU-3 and SP-9 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
For edema beneath the skin: CV-7 and ST-36.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-7 and ST-36 perpendicularly 1.2 cun deep with a twisting even
movement needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handles for 3 cones.
For edema with a bloated belly: CV-9, ST-33, LV-1, SP-8, LV-8, and KI-14. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Ji Jing)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-9, ST-33, and LV-1 for 7 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles
into LV-8, KI-14, and SP-8 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool on the handle of
needles for 3 cones.
174
Edema
For edema with heaviness in the body: LV-3, LI-4, ST-44, and LV-1. (De Xiao Fang)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LI-4, LV-1, and ST-44 for 7 cones, and on LV-3 for 10 cones.
For edema in the face and head: LU-1, PC-5, and LI-4. (Zhen Jiu Jing Lun)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-1 obliquely, towards the shoulder 1 cun deep with a twisting even
movement needle technique and 1 cun #34 needles into PC-5 and LI-4 with a lifting and thrusting reducing
For edema in the legs with difficulty walking: LV-3 and BL-58. (Zhen Jiu Jing Lun)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-3 and BL-58 for 7 cones.
For edema in the lower body: CV-8 and KI-7. (Shen Yin Jing)
Apply indirect moxibustion with salt on CV-8 for 5 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into KI-7
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on
the handles for 3 cones.
For edema in the body and head: BL-20 and Sui Zhong. (De Xiao Fang)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-20 for 10 cones, and on Shui Zhong point (the point on the
black and white skin boarder, directly straight down from the inside of the ankle) for 7 cones.
CASE ANALYSIS (Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing in Song dynasty, 900-1100 A.D)
Dr. Wang treated Mr. Li for edema. Mr. Li suffered from edema for years, which stagnated in the face and
whole body. He took a lot of herbs without any results. He asked Dr. Wang Zhi Zhong for treatment, and Dr.
Wang decided to do direct moxibustion on CV-9 and CV-6 after an examination and diagnosis. The next day, he
found the facial swelling to be gone when Mr. Li came. He continued with the same treatment several times until
the whole body edema was gone.
EVALUATION
For treating edema, acupuncture and moxibustion mainly focus on regulating the function of the San Jiao,
as the San Jiao regulates the pathway of water. In TCM, water metabolism is thought to be under the control of the
San Jiao Qi. For treatment of Yang types of edema, acupuncturists will consider working with the Lung and Urinary
Bladder meridians with a reducing needle technique. For treating Yin types of edema, acupuncturists will work with
the Spleen and Kidney meridians with a reinforcing needle technique and moxibustion. If the patient has a severe
infection or disease, acupuncture and moxibustion will be useful as a supplemental therapy to help increase the body
energy. However in emergency cases, it is recommended for the patient to be hospitalized.
175
EPIGASTRIC PAIN
Epigastric pain usually refers to sensations of pain and pressure in the epigastric region of the abdomen.
This type of pain is usually primarily located in the digestive tract traveling downwards. In Traditional Chinese
Medicine, epigastric pain includes acute or chronic gastritis, stomach and duodenal ulcer, and gastro neurosis. The
etiological factors contributing to epigastric pain are:
Cold invading the Stomach

The nature of Cold dominates contraction. When the Cold invades the Stomach, it will impact the Stomach
Qi and cause pain.

Most epigastric pain is due to excessive eating of cold, hot, spicy, or greasy foods, causing stagnation of
food in the Stomach or accumulation of Heat in the Stomach.
Unhealthy Emotional Activities

Stagnation of Liver Qi occurs from unhealthy emotional stimulation, which attacks the Stomach and causes
pain.
Deficiency of Spleen and Stomach

Long-term or chronic diseases or weakness in the body constitution will cause Stomach and Spleen Yang
deficiency. This makes it hard to digest food after eating, causing pain. Sometimes deficiency of the Qi will
cause the Blood to stagnate and hurt the Luo meridian of the Stomach, causing severe pain and bleeding
symptoms in both the upper and lower GI tract.
DIAGNOSIS
Excess type
Pain due to a Cold Invasion
Symptoms include acute epigastric pain that is relieved by warmth and aggravated by cold with a desire for
warm drinks. The tongue is pale with a thin white tongue coating and the pulse is floating and wiry.
Pain due to Food Stagnation

Symptoms include epigastric pain, fullness and distention, acid regurgitation, vomiting of undigested food,
and pain that is relieved after vomiting or a bowel movement. The tongue is red with a thick, greasy coating
and the pulse is slippery.
Pain due to Stagnation of Liver Qi attacking the Stomach

Symptoms include epigastric distention and pain that extends to the hypochondriac region, sighing,
belching, and irregular bowel movements with alternating constipation and diarrhea. The tongue is swollen
with white tongue coating and the pulse is wiry.
176
Epigastric Pain
Pain due to Liver and Stomach Heat

Symptoms include epigastric burning and pain, restlessness, a tendency towards anger, acid regurgitation
and a dry, bitter taster in the mouth. The tongue is red with yellowish coating and the pulse is fast and wiry.
Pain due to Blood Stagnation

Symptoms include a fixed, sharp pain in the epigastric region that is made worse with pressure and is
aggravated by food, hematemesis, and black stools. The tongue is purple with black dots and a thin white
coating and the pulse is thin and choppy.
Deficiency type
Pain with Stomach Yin Deficiency
Symptoms include chronic epigastric pain and discomfort and a dry mouth, throat, and stools. The tongue is
red with no coating and the pulse is thin and fast.
Pain with Stomach and Spleen Deficient Cold

Symptoms include chronic epigastric pain that is reduced with pressure and warmth, aggravated by hunger
and associated with vomiting of clear fluids, a poor appetite, lassitude, cold hands and feet, and loose stools.
The tongue is pale with a white coating and the pulse is slow and weak.
Excess type
Treatment Principle: Expel the Cold, Warm the middle warmer, Clear the Heat, Resolve the stagnation, Regulate the
Qi, and Soothe the Liver.
Point Prescription: CV-12, ST-36, PC-6, SP-4, and LV-2.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-12 and ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a twisting
reducing needle technique and 1 cun #30 needles into PC-6, SP-4, and LV-2 with a twisting reducing needle
technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Or, apply moxa wool to the handles of the needle for 3 cones on CV-
12, if the patient has a Cold Invasion.
Severe pain: ST-34.
Hypochondriac pain: GB-34.
Thirst: CV-24 and KI-6.
Restlessness: LV-3 and GV-20.
Black stool: SP-10 and SP-6.
177
Deficiency type
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Spleen-Stomach Qi, Warm the Yang, Expel the Cold, and Nourish the Yin.
Point Prescription: BL-21, BL-20, CV-12, LV-13, ST-36, PC-6, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-21 and BL-20 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique.
Retain all needles for 5 minutes and then remove them.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into CV-12, LV-13, ST-36, PC-6, and SP-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Bitter taste in the mouth: HT-8.
Burning sensation in the epigastric region: KI-3.
Black stool: LV-8 and SP-6.
Vomiting of blood: BL-17.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zone: Lateral line 2 of the forehead, Lateral line 3 of the forehead, and Middle line of the vertex.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these lines transversely, at a 30 degree angle with a fast twisting needle
technique until the pain releases. Retain all needles for 1 to 2 hours.
Treat once daily for3 treatments as a course.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Spleen, Stomach, Liver Sympathetic, Shen Men, and Sub cortex.
Select 2 to 3 points each treatment. Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles into these points with a twisting reducing
needle technique until the pain is reduced. Retain all needles for 30 to 50 minutes.
Moxibustion
Points: CV-12 and CV-9.
Apply indirect moxibustion with salt on CV-8, and indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-12 for 3 cones
to treat epigastric pain with a Spleen deficiency.
Nose Acupuncture
Points: Heart, Stomach, and Lung.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 needles for these points perpendicularly, 0.2 cun deep with a twisting even movement
technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes. The pain usually disappears after 5 to 10 minutes.
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Epigastric Pain
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Mid-back and the Stomach meridian on the chest and epigastric region.
Apply medium stimulation of the Gua Sha (until the skin color changes to dark red) along the meridian to
treat epigastric pain due to stagnation of Heat.
TRADITIONAL PRESCRIPTONS AND TECHNIQUE
For epigastric pain with a Cold Invasion: BL-17, BL-20, BL-21, PC-6, GB-37, and GB-40. (Shen Yin Jing)
For acute Stomach pain with vomiting of cold clear water: LU-9, LU-10, ST-36, and ST-18. (Shen Yin Jing)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LU-9, LU-10, ST-36 and ST-18 for 7 cones.
For chronic epigastric pain due to deficiency of Spleen and Kidney: BL-17, BL-21, and BL-23. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-17, BL-21 and BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique and apply moxa wool to the handle of the needles for 3 cones.
For pain due to stagnation of the intake of cold food: CV-12, CV-13, and ST-36. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-36 and CV-1 perpendicularly, with the Shao Shan Huo needle technique,
until a heat sensation is produced under the needles. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-14 with a twisting
reducing needle technique. Apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
For Stomach pain due to Deficiency Cold of the Spleen: ST-44, CV-12, CV-6, and SP-4. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into ST-44 and SP-4 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique and 1.5 cun #30
needles into CV-6 and CV-12 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool to the handles
of the needles for 5 cones.
For Stomach pain due to stagnation of food accompanied by vomiting and acid regurgitation:
GB-24, CV-12, BL-20, and BL-21 (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-20 and BL-21 for 7 cones, and then apply the moxa-pole at
GB-24 and CV-12 for 20 minutes.
For epigastric pain due to stagnation of the Liver Qi, which then attacks the Stomach:
CV-12, ST-36, LV-13, GB-34, and PC-6 (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into PC-6, GB-34, and ST-36 with a twisting reducing needle technique, 1 cun
#32 needles into CV-12 and LV-13 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for
30 minutes.
179
For epigastric pain due to food stagnation: CV-12, KI-18, and BL-21. (Zhen Jiu Gang Yao)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-21 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique and remove it
after a Qi sensation is achieved. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into CV-12 and KI-18 with a twisting reducing
For epigastric pain: ST-36. (Pi Wei Lun)

For Stomach pain with food stagnation and acid regurgitation: LV-13 and GB-22. (Pi Wei Lun)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-36 perpendicularly 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-13 and GB-22 with a twisting reducing needle technique.
For epigastric pain due to stagnation with Heat: GB-39. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-39 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
For Stomach pain due to Cold Phlegm: BL-17. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-17 perpendicularly 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
For epigastric pain with poor appetite: PC-6, LU-10, and ST-36. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-6 and LU-10 with a twisting even movement technique and 1.5 cun #30
needles into ST-36 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For epigastric pain with poor appetite: CV-12 and CV-13. (Jiu Fa Mi Chuan)
For epigastric pain with vomiting: CV-10 and BL-19. (Jiu Fa Mi Chuan)
For epigastric pain with borborygmus: LV-3. (Jiu Fa Mi Chuan)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion for 7 cones on CV-12 and CV-13. Apply indirect moxibustion with
ginger on CV-10 and BL-19 for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3 with a twisting reducing needle
technique and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
For epigastric pain due to stagnation of Qi: GV-6. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert a 1.5 cun #28 needle into GV-6 perpendicularly, 1cun deep with the Long Hu Jiao Zhan—Dragon
and Tiger Battle technique. Retain the needles for 10 minutes.
For acute epigastric pain: LI-4, LV-3, and CV-12. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LI-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique
and 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-3 obliquely upwards at a 60 degree angle 1 cun deep with an even
movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-12 with a twisting even movement needle
technique and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needle for 3 cones.
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Epigastric Pain
CASE ANALYSIS
A 51 year-old male patient has a main complaint of chronic epigastric pain for the last 5 years that was
recently aggravated 3 days ago. The pain began 1 to 2 hours after a meal and travels to the middle back and was
associated with belching, nausea, a poor appetite and dry stool. The tongue was pale with a thin white coating and
the pulse was weak and deep.
Diagnosis: Epigastric pain due to deficiency of Qi.
Treatment Principle: Warm the middle warmer and reduce the pain.
Point Prescription: CV-12, CV-13, ST-36, and PC-6.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-12, CV-13, and ST-36 with a reinforcing needle technique and apply
moxa-wool to the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-6 with a twisting even
Result: After 3 treatments, the pain was remarkably reduced and after a total of 6 treatments, all the pain had
resolved. The patient returned with a sprained ankle for treatment one year later. The epigastric pain had still not
returned.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion is good for ridding pain in the epigastric region, including that from any kind
of ulcer. It has remarkable results and is very safe and effective therapy for patients. One should have good clinical
experience in TCM diagnosis to understand really severe cases, such as a perforated ulcer. The diet is very important
during the treatment as well. Herbal therapy will be recommended along with acupuncture in some cases.
181
EPILEPSY
Epilepsy is defined as paroxysmal and temporary disturbances of the brain characterized by loss of
consciousness, muscle tics or other abnormal sensations and emotional behaviors. This is usually due to trauma to
the brain or blood clogging the brain arteries.
Clinical manifestations of the disease vary greatly. Epilepsy may be present in forms of grand mal, petit mal
or infantile spasms. The grand mal is characterized by a sudden loss of consciousness and a general titanic spasm
with sensations of apnea, cyanosis and foam from the mouth, usually lasting for 1-5 minutes. The patients may then
fall into a sleep and become conscious a few hours later. The petit mal is characterized by a sudden and brief loss of
consciousness without auras or muscle tics, accompanied by interruptions of speech and action, usually persisting
for 2-10 seconds. The patient usually comes to consciousness rapidly. Infantile spasms are the lightest of the three
usually characterized by involuntary spasms of muscles and head and does not always lead to loss of consciousness.
In TCM, epilepsy is caused by stagnation of Phlegm and Fire, which makes Qi flow disturbed in the brain.
This stagnation may result in dysfunctions in the brain and is generally characterized into three different causal
groups.
Emotional impact
Severe fear and scary scenes cause some types of epilepsy. Fear makes the Qi sink and fright makes the Qi
disturbed. Abnormal Qi movement will impact other organs such as the Liver and Kidney, making it
difficult for the Yin to harmonize the Yang well. The separated Yang will ascend with Wind and Phlegm
and impact the Heart Shen, causing epilepsy.
Innate causes
Most of the time, innate epilepsy is caused by the mother‘s severe emotional state or severe depression and
anxiety during pregnancy, or by fetal brain injury during the labor.
Brain injury
Some trauma-induced epilepsy belongs to this category. Stagnation of Blood leads to Qi stagnation in the
brain, causing epilepsy.
DIAGNOSIS
Although the three groups of epilepsy vary in how each is viewed and how it relates the initial causes to its
nature, in TCM the clinical diagnosis of epilepsy is usually based on the immediate symptoms and stresses.
Epilepsy Induced by Terror

Sudden panic results in confusion with loss of self- control, accompanied by fright, alarm or restlessness
with an alternating flushed and sallow complexion, a red tongue with a white coating and a wiry and rapid or
slippery pulse.
Epilepsy due to Accumulation of Phlegm

This occurs as convulsing of the extremities during a fit of epilepsy with unconsciousness or vertigo, a
headache and abdominal pain, strider produced by phlegm in the throat, salivation, a yellow face, a thick
coating on the tongue, and a slippery and rapid pulse.
182
Epilepsy
Epilepsy due to Blood Stasis

With a history of injury during birth or trauma, epilepsy can often manifest as a paroxysmal localized
headache, occasional vomiting, paroxysmal convulsions of the whole body or half the body or a localized
attacked region with a dark purple tongue with black dots, the pulse is choppy, thin, and thread like.
Excess type of Epilepsy

Treatment Principle: Subdue the Wind and Fire, Resolve the Phlegm and Calm the Shen.
Point Prescription: GV-12, GB-13, CV-15, ST-40, and LV-3.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting rubbing needle
technique (rub the needle counterclockwise) and take out of needle after sensation of the Qi travels down the spinal
column. Insert 1.5 #32 needles into GB-13 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 45 degree angle towards the back a with fast
twisting needle technique and a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-15 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing
needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-40 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique and
1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-3 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 60 degree angle towards KI-1 with a twisting even
During epilepsy: GV-26, ST-6, and HT-7.
Technique: Insert a 1-cun #28 needle into GV-26 obliquely, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep at a 60 degree angle in an
upward direction with a fast twisting needle technique until the patient wakes up. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles
into ST-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into
HT-7 with a twisting even movement needle technique.
Epilepsy during the night

Point Prescription: KI-6.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles obliquely, 0.8 cun deep at a 45 degree angle upwards with a twisting even
movement needle technique for 2 minutes, and retain the needles with other points together.
Epilepsy during the day

Point Prescription: BL-62.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-62 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun to 0.8 cun deep with a twisting reducing
needle technique for 2 minutes and retain the needles with other points together.
Aches and weakness throughout the whole body: Yao Qi, GV-20, and GB-20.
183
Deficient type of Epilepsy

Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Heart and Spleen, Calm the mind, and Resolve Phlegm.
Point Prescription: HT-5, ST-40, BL-23, GB-34, SP-6, and GV-8.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-23 and GV-8 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun
#32 needles into HT-5 perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32
needles into ST-40, GB-34, and SP-6 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes.
In a coma during epilepsy: KI-1, GV-26, and CV-6, combined with direct moxibustion.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into KI-1 and GV-26 perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with a fast
twisting needle technique until the patient wakes up. Apply direct moxibustion on CV-6 for 9 cones.
Latent Epilepsy
Point Prescription: CV-12, ST-36, and GV-20.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-20 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30 degree angle towards the back
with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-12 and ST-36
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool to the handles of the
Ear Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Shen Men, Heart, Spleen, Kidney, and Liver.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles into these points obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 45-degree angle with a fast
twisting needle technique. Retain all needles for 40 minutes. Repeat the twisting technique every 5 minutes
during the needle retention.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Middle line and Lateral line 1 of the vertex; Middle line and Lateral line 2 of the forehead.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these lines transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with a lifting Qi
technique. Retain all needles for 1 hour.
Bloodletting
Points: Shi Xuan, PC-3, GV-26, Tai Yang, and Yin Tang.
Apply a medium level stimulation of the bloodletting technique on these points. Start from Shi Xuan and
end on Yin Tang, removing 1 or 2 drops of blood on each point.
Treat only during the epilepsy.
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Epilepsy
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Back, abdomen, and chest.
Apply medium stimulation of Gua Sha on the back from BL-11 to BL-20 until a dark red color appears, on
the chest along the CV meridian and Stomach meridian, and then on the abdominal area along both sides of
the Stomach meridian from ST-22 to ST-28, until a purple color appears.
Hand Acupuncture
Points: Convulsion, Headache, and Stomach.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.2 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
Electro-acupuncture
Points: GV-20, BL-5, and GV-24.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-20 and GV-24 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30 degree angle towards the
back with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-5 transversely, towards the
back, 0.8 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle technique. Add 2 groups of Electro-wires on the
points, the negative side on GV-20 and GV-24, the positive sides on BL-5 with fast waves for 20 minutes.
Nose Acupuncture
Points: Heart, Liver, Lung, and Stomach.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.2 to 0.3 cun deep with a fast twisting needle
Foot Acupuncture
Points: Heart, Li Nei Ting, Nei Tai Chong, Kidney and Head.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep with fast twisting needle
For epilepsy: BL-2, TW-10, SI-8, HT-7, BL-63, SP-5, LV-2, BL-66, BL-15, and SI-3. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-2 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep at a 45 degree angle towards the BL-1 direction,
with a twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into TW-10, SI-8, HT-7, BL-63, SP-5,
LV-2, and SI-3 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Apply a bloodletting technique on BL-66,
removing 2 drops of blood. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-15 for 11 cones.
185
For epilepsy: KI-1, BL-15, ST-36, CV-15, CV-12, LU-11, and CV-14. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into KI-1and BL-15 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32
needles into ST-36 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique and 1.5 cun #30 needles into
CV-14, CV-15, and CV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique. Apply
moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Apply a bloodletting technique on LU-11.
For epilepsy: CV-12. (Pian Que Xin Shu)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-12 for 15 cones.
For epilepsy: CV-15, SI-3, KI-1, GB-37, PC-5, CV-13, LV-3, and ST-36. (Yi Xue Gang Mu)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-15 and CV-13 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing
needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into SI-3, KI-1, PC-5, and LV-3 with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 and GB-37 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle
For use during epilepsy: GV-26, GV-20, and PC-5. (Qian Jin Fang)
Insert a 1 cun #30 needle into GV-26 obliquely, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep in an upwards direction at a 45 degree
angle with a fast twisting needle technique and 1 cun #30 needles into PC-5 perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep
with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Apply the moxa-pole on GV-20 for 30 minutes.
For epilepsy: GV-12, GB-13, and CV-15. (Bai Zhen Fu)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrust reducing needle
technique, and retain the needle for 5 minutes.
Insert a1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-15 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique and 1 cun #32 needles into GB-13 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep at a 30 degree angle towards the back
with a fast twisting needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For epilepsy: GV-16, GB-20, HT-5, PC-6, SP-6, and LV-3. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-16 and GB-20 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into HT-5, PC-6, and SP-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle and 1 cun #30
needles into LV-3 with a twisting reducing needle technique.
For epilepsy: Yao Qi, GV-14, and SI-3. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert a 3 cun #30 needle into Yao Qi transversely, in an upward direction, 2 cun deep with a twisting
reducing needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with
a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into SI-3 with a twisting even
186
Epilepsy
For epilepsy:
Si Shen Cong, GV-20, Yin Tang, BL-11, GV-12, BL-42, LV-3, and GV-2. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-11 and GV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing
needle technique. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-42 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep at a 45 degree angle towards
BL-43 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique and a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-2 obliquely, 1 cun
deep at a 45 degree angle towards GV-1 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10
minutes.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into Si Shen Cong, Yin Tang, LV-3, and GV-20 with a twisting even movement
For epilepsy: GV-1 and PC-5. (Zhong Guo Zhen Jiu Pei Xue)
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-1 perpendicularly, towards the head, 1.2 cun deep with a fast twisting
needle technique until the sensation of the needle travels up towards the head. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles
into PC-5 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain the needles for 30
minutes.
For epilepsy: GV-8, GV-10, BL-18, BL-23, CV-17, and PC-6. (Zhong Guo Zhen Jiu)
Inset 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-8, GV-10, BL-18 and BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-17 obliquely, towards CV-16, 1.2 cun deep at a 60 degree angle with a
twisting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into PC-6 with a twisting even movement needle
CASE ANALYSIS
A 55 year-old male patient has a main complaint of epilepsy for 8 years. Every time before the epilepsy
occurs, he feels a hot and burning sensation in his chest and abdominal region that is associated with a soreness and
an achy sensation in his whole body after waking up. When the epilepsy is not active, he feels restless, has poor
sleep, a tendency towards anger, a dry mouth, and constipation. His tongue was red with a yellow greasy coating and
his pulse was strong and slippery.
Diagnosis: Epilepsy due to accumulation of Phlegm and Fire.
Treatment Principle: Clear the Fire and Resolve Phlegm.
Point Prescription: HT-7, ST-44, GV-14, GV-12, ST-40, SI-3, and CV-15.
Treatment was administered twice a week for 10 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-14 and GV-12 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into HT-7, ST-44, and SI-3 with a twisting reducing needle technique, 1.5 cun #30 needles
into ST-40 and CV-15 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
Result: Once during a treatment session, he had epileptic attack with very mild symptoms. The epilepsy was
remedied following 1 year of visits and 3 course treatments.
187
EVALUATION
In the past few thousand years, acupuncture and moxibustion have played an important role in the
treatment of epilepsy with good results in most of the cases. However, because of the occasional severe and life
threatening nature of epileptic attacks, acupuncture is not always used during an emergency. In modern society, it
only has been used as a supplemental therapy to treat epilepsy during the medication therapy.
Acupuncture and moxibustion is very effective in reducing the symptoms during times of illness.
Particularly for cases involving children, acupuncture and moxibustion can be the main alternative therapy instead of
medication to control the epilepsy. Further detailed research is necessary to prove the results of acupuncture for
emergency treatment of attacks. However, based on clinical experience and history of research in TCM, acupuncture
does prove to be of significant use.
188
Headache
189
HEADACHE
Headaches are problematic symptoms that can affect almost everyone at some point in his or her life. For
thousands of years patients suffering from this disorder complain of it as a contribution to other bodily
dysfunctions. In TCM the head is the confluence of all the Yang channels and the brain is known as the Sea of
Marrow, both being closely related to Kidney Essence. Thus the Kidney Essence is a crucial element in treating
headaches. Because of the various different natures of headaches, the symptoms may be caused by either External
pathogens or internal injury. The following is a short list of common causes that results in headaches.
Wind Damp Invasion

Wind Damp invades the meridians of the head and stagnates the Qi and Blood flow, causing headache.
Most of the time when the Exterior symptoms are relieved, the headache will be gone. But when patients
with deficient body constitutions contract headache due to External Invasion, it often causes stagnation
inside of the head when the weather changes.
Liver Yang (Fire) Rising

Either due to Fire rising up caused by stagnation of the Liver Qi after long term negative emotional
stimulation or due to excessive Yang rising up by deficiency of Kidney Yin, the result of Kidney “Water”
unable to nourish Liver “Wood.” Sometimes Interior Wind rising up can also cause headache.
Phlegm Stagnation
Interior pathogenic Phlegm stagnates in the meridian, failing to send clear Yang Qi to the head, causing
headache. In most cases, pathogenic Phlegm is formed by improper food intake, accumulation of
Dampness or by deficiency of the Spleen, which fails in transportation and transformation.
Blood Deficiency
Lack of blood supply to the head, usually due to deficiency of Qi or after loss of a large amount of blood,
such as after being wounded or labor.
Blood Stagnation
Stagnation of Blood in the channels and collaterals of the head impact circulation of both Qi and Blood and
cause a fixed pain. Most time this type of headache occurs after a long-term disease or injury.
DIAGNOSIS
Meridian Diagnosis
Yang Ming Involvement: pain in forehead and/or supra-orbital bone.
Shao yang Involvement: pain in the temple or migraine.
Jue yin Involvement: pain in the vertex.
Tai yang Involvement: pain in the back of the head.
190
Headache

This is characteristic of an acute headache involving the nape of the neck and back of the head, which is
intensified by exposure to Wind, suggesting External disease due to invasion of pathogenic Wind and Cold.
A distending headache accompanied by a flushed complexion and conjunctiva congestion is due to External
attack of pathogenic Wind-Heat.
A heavy sensation in the head like being tightly bound by a towel, accompanied by chilliness and fever, is
caused by External attack of pathogenic Wind and Dampness.
Headache due to Internal Injury

Liver Yang Rising
Throbbing sharp pain on the side of the head with dizziness and vertigo, hot flushes, restlessness, easy to
anger, red eyes and bitter taste in the mouth, red tongue with yellow coating, and wiry pulse.
Stagnation of Damp-Phlegm
Tight bounded pain with a heavy sensation in the head, stuffy chest and epigastria, nausea and vomiting
with phlegm, loose stool, swollen tongue with a white greasy coating, and slippery pulse.
Deficiency of Blood
Constant light chronic pain with dizziness reduced by rest and aggravated by fatigue, lassitude, heart
palpitations, pale complexion, a pale tongue, and a thin and weak pulse.
Stagnation of Blood
A fixed sharp pain in the head with blurry vision and poor memory characterizes this pattern. The tongue is
purple and dark with a thin white coating. The pulse is thin or choppy.

Treatment Principle: Expel the Pathogenic Influences and Relieve the pain.
Point Prescription: GB-20, ST-8, BL-7, LI-4, and TW-8.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-20 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique and 1 cun #30 needles into ST-8, BL-7, LI-4, and TW-8 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain
Yang Ming headache: GV-23, Yin Tang, and GB-14.
Jue Yin headache: GV-20, GV-21, and Si Shen Cong.
Tai Yang headache: BL-10 and GV-19.
Shao Yang headache: GB-8 and Tai Yang.
191
Liver Yang Rising

Treatment Principle: Calm the Liver, Subdue Liver Yang, and Relieve the pain.
Point Prescription: GB-4, GB-5, LV-3, and KI-3.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-3 with lifting the thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32
needles into KI-3 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-4 and GB-5
transversely, at a 30-degree angle, backward 1 cun deep with lifting Qi technique.
Retain the needles for 30 minutes.
Reddish eyes: TW-1 with bloodletting.
Hot flashes: ST-44.
Damp-Phlegm
Treatment Principle: Resolve the Phlegm and Reduce the pain.
Point Prescription: CV-12, ST-40, GV-20, and Yin Tang.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-40 and CV-12 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32
needles into GV-20 and Yin Tang, with twisting even movement needle technique.
Vomiting: PC-6.
Loose stool: ST-25.
Blood Deficiency
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Qi and Blood and Reduce the pain.
Point Prescription: GV-23, SP-10, ST-36, SP-6, and CV-6.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-10, ST-36, SP-6, and CV-6 with twisting reinforcing needle technique,
and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #30 needle into GV-23 with fast twisting
After headache released: BL-18, BL-20, BL-23, and CV-4 with moxibustion.
Blood Stagnation
Treatment Principle: Move the Qi, Resolve the stagnation of Blood, and Reduce the pain.
Point Prescription: Ah Shi, LI-4, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into Ah Shi points obliquely, at a 30 to 45-degree angle, with fast twisting
needle technique until a heat sensation is produced on the local area. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 and SP-6
with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 40 minutes.
192
Headache

Yang Ming headache: BL-2.
Shao Yang headache: Tai Yang.
Tai Yang headache: TW-18.
Jue Yin headache: Si Shen Cong.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Occiput, Forehead, Sub cortex, and Shen Men
Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles into these points (one side only) with fast twisting technique. Retain the
needles for 30 minutes to treat chronic headache. Or apply press-ball on these points and retain them for 5
days.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones:
Jue Yin headache
Middle line of vertex and forehead and lateral line 1 of the vertex.
Tai Yang headache
Middle line of forehead, upper middle line of the occiput, and upper lateral line of the
occiput.
Shao Yang headache
Anterior oblique line of the temple, posterior oblique line of the temple, anterior oblique
line from the vertex to the temple, and posterior oblique line from the vertex to the temple.
Yang Ming headache
Middle line, lateral line 1, lateral line 2 of the forehead, and upper middle line of the
occiput.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into the treatment lines selected with fast twisting or withdrawing Qi technique.
Retain all needles for 30 to 40 minutes, repeating stimulation every 5 minutes during retainment.
Plum Blossom
Points: Ah Shi, Tai Yang, and Yin Tang.
Apply a medium stimulation of plum blossom needle technique on these points for 4 minutes, to treat
headache due to Liver Yang Rising and Wind-Heat.
193

Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into this area transversely, 1.2 cun deep at a 15 degree angle without any needle
technique and any sensation of the needle. Retain all needles for 30 minutes
Bloodletting
Treatment area: Jing-well points, back of the ear, Tai Yang, GB-4, BL-40, and PC-3.
Select 3 points in each treatment according to the diagnosis and apply bloodletting technique on these
points to squeeze 1 or 2 drops of blood, to treat headache due to stagnation of Blood and Heat.
Gua Sha
Treatment area:
Bladder meridian on the upper back, Stomach meridian on the neck, LU-5 to LU-8, and BL-40
Apply Gua Sha on these areas with medium stimulation until purple dots—Sha appears, in the treatment of
headache due to Wind-Heat.
Moxibustion
Points: LV-13, CV-4, BL-17, BL-18, LV-1, LV-8, GV-20, BL-7, and Ah Shi.
Apply direct moxibustion with ginger on LV-13 and CV-4 for 5 cones, and BL-17 and BL-18 for 3
cones.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-1 and LV-8 for 5 cones.
Moxa-pole
Apply moxa-pole on GV-20, BL-7, and Ah Shi points for 30 minutes.
Intradermal Needles
Points: LI-4, TW-5, SI-13, BL-10, and BL-60.
Insert intradermal needles into these points and retain all needles for 2 to 3 days, to treat chronic headaches.
Treat once in three days for 2 treatments as a course.
194
Headache
For vertex headache due to Wind Invasion: GV-20, GV-19, and LI-4. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-20 or GV-19. (Use one point in each treatment, obliquely at a 30-
degree angle, towards the back, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.) Insert 1
cun #30 needles into LI-4 with twisting reducing needle technique.
The treatment is once every other day, 3 treatments as a course.
For headache due to Wind Invasion: GV-23, GV-21, GV-20, SI-5, TW-1, BL-60, and GB-43. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-60, GB-43, and SI-5 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into TW-1 with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun
#30 needles into GV-23, GV-21, and GV-20 obliquely, backwards at a 45 degree angle, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep
with lifting Qi technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
For temporal headache due to deficiency: GB-19, GB-20, LU-7, LU-9, LI-4, and ST-41. (Shen Jiu Jin Lun)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LU-7, LU-9, LI-4, and ST-41 for 5 cones and moxa-pole on GB-
19 and GB-20 for 30 minutes.
For temporal headache due to Wind Invasion: SI-3, GB-15, TW-23, Tai Yang, LU-7, and LI-4. (Zhen Jiu Da Chuan)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into GB-15 and LU-7 transversely, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique, and 1 cun #30 needles into SI-3, LI-4, TW-23, and Tai Yang perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with
For headache with a painful sensation in the eyes and teeth with Interior Deficiency Wind:
GB-19 and GB-17 (Pian Que Xin Shu)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GB-19, for 21 cones (pain side only). Apply direct non-scarring
moxibustion on GB-17 for another 21 cones, (healthy side only).
For headache with dizziness and vertigo: SI-17, BL-10, BL-60, CV-4, and TW-1. (Pu Ji Fang)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into SI-17, BL-10, and BL-60 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun
#32 needles into TW-1 with twisting even movement needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into
CV-4 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
For headache due to stagnation of Blood: Ah Shi, ST-36, LU-7, CV-4, and GV-15. (Yi Xue Gang Yao)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into Ah Shi points with twisting reducing needle technique until a heat sensation
appears under the needles. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into ST-36, LU-7, and GV-15 with twisting reducing
needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-4 with twisting reinforcing needle technique and apply
For frontal headache: GV-21 and ST-41. (Zhen Jiu Fen Yuan)
Insert 1 cun #30 needle into GV-21 obliquely, towards the front (nose direction) obliquely at a 30 degree
angle, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into ST-41 with lifting
195
The following prescriptions are from the Cai Ai Bian Yi.

For headache with Tai Yang meridian syndrome and tight pulse: BL-8, BL-9, BL-10, and BL-64.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-8 BL-9 BL-10 BL-64 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all
needles for 20 minutes; apply moxa pole on side of BL-10 for 15 minutes.
For headache with Shao Yang meridian syndrome, fever, and aversion to cold: GB-4 and GB-34.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-34 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, and 1 cun #30 needles into GB-4 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all
For headache with Yang Ming syndrome, spontaneous sweating, aversion to cold, and a floating slow pulse:
ST-5, ST-40, and ST-41
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into ST-5 and ST-41 with twisting even movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun
#30 needles into ST-40 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
For headache with Shao Yin syndrome and Interior Cold: KI-20.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles for KI-20 with twisting reinforcing needle technique and apply moxa wool on the
handle of needles for 3 cones. Or only apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on KI-20 for 10 cones.
For vertex headache with Jue Yin syndrome and Interior Cold: LV-8.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-8 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique, and apply
For headache with a floating pulse: SI-4 and BL-64. (Zhen Jiu Ju Ying)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into SI-4 with twisting reducing needle technique, 1 cun #32 needles into BL-64
with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For headache with a long pulse: LI-4 and ST-42. (Zhen Jiu Ju Ying)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LI-4 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32
needles into ST-42 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For headache with a wiry pulse: TW-4, GB-20, and CV-16. (Zhen Jiu Ju Ying)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-16 and GB-20 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles
into TW-4 with twisting reducing needle technique.
196
Headache
For headache with fever and aversion to cold:

GV-26, GV-25, GV-7, SI-8, BL-56, GB-34, LI-6, GB-12, and GV-4 (Zhen Jiu Yi Xue)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into GV-26, GV-25, GV-7, and SI-8 with twisting reducing needle technique, and
1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-56, GB-34, LI-6, GB-12, and GV-4 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For headache due to Wind Cold: BL-19, BL-11, LI-4, and BL-2. (Zhen Jiu Yi Xue)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-19 and BL-11 perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with waving needle
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 and BL-2 with twisting reducing needle technique.
Retain all needles for 10 minutes
For headache with fever: TW-20, GV-4, ST-43, and TW-5. (Yi Xue Ru Men)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into TW-20 GV-4 with twisting reinforcing needle technique, 1.5 cun #32 needles
into TW-5 with twisting even movement technique. Apply bloodletting technique on ST-43.
For headache due to Phlegm stagnation: TW-4 and ST-40. (Zhen Jiu Quan Shu)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into TW-4 with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles
into ST-40 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
For headache with Kidney Deficiency:
CV-4, GV-20, GV-22, CV-6, BL-23, SI-3, LU-9, and KI-3 (Zhen Jiu Quan Shu)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-4, GV-20, GV-22, and CV-6 for 9 cones. Insert 1 cun #32
needles into BL-23, SI-3, LU-9, and KI-3 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For headache due to Kidney Deficiency: TW-5, BL-23, GV-20, KI-3, and LU-7. (Zhen Jiu Da Chuan)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique, and apply
moxa wool on the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into TW-5, GV-20, KI-3,
and LU-7 with twisting even movement technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
For vertex headache: TW-5, GV-23, GV-20, GB-19, KI-1, and LI-4. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-1, LI-4, and TW-5 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #30
needles into GV-23, GV-20, and GB-19 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all
For occipital headache with neck pain: SI-3, CV-24, GV-16, GB-20, and LI-4. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into CV-24 and GV-16 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32
needles into SI-3, GB-20, and LI-4 with lifting and thrusting even movement technique.
197
For headache due to stagnation of Blood: GV-20, Si Shen Cong, ST-44, BL-9, and Tai Yang. (Zhen Jiu Fen Yuan)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into ST-44, BL-9, and Tai Yang with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain
the needles for 20 minutes.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-20 for 7 cones. Apply bloodletting technique on Si Shen
Cong.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 28-year-old female patient with the main symptom of left sided headache for 2 years has sharp pain that
radiates to the left eye with tearing, and sensitivity to light. Associated signs are nausea and vomiting, particularly
every morning and afternoon near sunset. The tongue was red with a thin white greasy coating and the pulse was
deep and wiry.
Diagnosis: Qi and Blood Stagnation in the Shao Yang meridian.
Treatment Principle: Dredge the meridian and Resolve the stagnation.
Point Prescription: Tai Yang(L), GB-20(L), ST-7(L), LI-4, GB-43, and KI-3.
Treatment was performed once daily for 5 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into Tai Yang obliquely, towards the ST-7 direction, 1.2 cun deep with
twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #30 needles into ST-7, GB-20, and LI-4 with lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into GB-43 and KI-3 with twisting reinforcing needle
technique.
Result: After 5 days of treatment, most of pain was resolved. But still there was a feeling of some pain near the left
side of the eyebrow, along with poor sleep at night, and aggravation by Wind and Cold.
Second point prescription and technique: Added LU-7, GB-37, and BL-10 with twisting reducing needle technique
and a fire cups were applied on BL-10 for 3 minutes after removing the needles.
Treatment was twice a week for 5 treatments as a course.
Result: The headache disappeared after one course of treatments. When the patient came back 3 years later
due to tennis elbow related pain, she stated she was without headache for 3 years.
EVALUATION
For thousands of years, acupuncturists have accumulated a lot of effective techniques to resolve the
symptoms of headaches. Because headaches can be due to various reasons, there are many different types of
treatment and a proper diagnosis is important in determining if the headache is just temporary discomfort or due to
a long termed illness/injury to the cranium.
For treatment to be effective, it must be based off a correct diagnosis, which is based on fundamental TCM
theory, and which will lead the acupuncturist to select effective needle techniques. In treating headache, one should
pay attention not to use strong stimulation or Electro-acupuncture on the head when the patient has hypertension.
And in some cases, further examination should be strongly recommended to understand if it is due to some severe
disease, such as brain injury, stoke, or tumor.
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Heart Palpitations
199
HEART PALPITATIONS
Heart palpitations in Chinese Medicine are called Xin Ji and Zheng Zhong, referring to an irregular
heartbeat and shortness of breath accompanied by feelings of anxiety. The causes for this disorder can be from a
variety of separate, or combinations of physical and/or emotional problems.
In Western Medicine, heart palpitations will appear in many cardiological problems such as coronary heart
disease, rheumatic heart disease, and angina. In many emotional disorders, heart palpitations will also be a common
symptom. Of the major causes, the following are some of the most common in terms of TCM.
Heart Blood Deficiency

This is the main cause of most heart palpitations. Because the Heart and the Blood both house the Shen—
Spirit, heart palpitations result from the Blood failing to nourish the Shen. Most of the time, over-thinking
or high stress can induce such a situation.
Heart Qi Deficiency
In the clinic, this usually occurs along with Gallbladder Qi Deficiency and could be caused by reasons such
as those related to Qi Deficiency, excessive fear, fright, anger, or other severe emotional stimulation that can
damage the Heart Qi. Accumulating water can turn to Phlegm with Fire attacking the Heart, causing this
pattern as well.
Heart Yang Deficiency

This is usually caused by long-term or chronic diseases, or in some cases severe diseases that make the
whole body Yang Qi deficient, leading to Heart Yang Deficiency failing to warm the Heart meridian and
organ, causing heart palpitations.
Water retention in the Heart

This syndrome is usually due to Spleen and Kidney Yang Deficiency that fails in promoting water
metabolism. Water gets retained in the Heart and disturbs the Heart Yang, causing heart palpitations.
Blood stagnation in the Heart

Most of the time this is caused by either Heart Yang Deficiency or an External Invasion infecting the Heart
organ directly, yielding stagnation of the Heart Blood and Qi, leading to palpitations.
DIAGNOSIS
Heart palpitations due to Qi Deficiency

Heart palpitations, shortness of breath, being easily startled, sweaty palms, a tired Shen, insomnia, a pale
tongue with a thin white coating and a thin, weak and fast pulse are the signs and symptoms in this pattern.
Heart palpitations due to Blood (Yin) Deficiency

Heart palpitations that are aggravated by tiredness and over-thinking, a pale complexion, dizziness, blurry
vision, shortness of breath, a pale tongue with a white thin coating, and a thin and fast pulse are the signs
and symptoms of this pattern.
If the patient presents with a low-grade fever, there may be insomnia with frequent dreams, a dry mouth,
and ringing ears as well. The face will be flushed instead of pale in this case. The tongue will be red and the
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Heart Palpitations
pulse will be thin and fast. These are signs that the patient’s condition is transforming from Blood
Deficiency to Yin Deficiency.
Heart palpitations due to Phlegm

Heart palpitations, restlessness, a stuffy chest, dizziness, insomnia with frequent dreams and easy awakening,
a bitter taste in the mouth, a cough with thick, yellow, sticky phlegm, yellowish urine, uneven bowel
movements, a red tongue with a yellow, greasy coating, and a slippery and fast pulse are the signs and
symptoms of this pattern.
Heart palpitations due to Blood Stagnation

Heart palpitations, shortness of breath (with difficulty on expiration), chest pain, a sallow complexion, a
purple tongue, and purple nails and lips are the signs and symptoms. In some severe cases, the body will be
cold with cold sweating and edema. The pulse is deep and fine and the tongue coating will be wet.
TREATMENT AND PRESCRIPTONS
Heart palpitation due to Qi Deficiency

Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Qi and Calm the Heart.
Point Prescription: BL-15, CV-14, PC-5, and HT-7.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-15 with a twisting even movement needle technique, and apply moxa
wool to the handles of the needles for 3 to 5 cones. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun
deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handle of the needle for 3 cones.
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into PC-5 and HT-7 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
Easily frightened: PC-7 and LI-11.
Spontaneous sweating: BL-43 and CV-6.
Heart palpitations from Blood (Yin) Deficiency

Treatment Principle: Nourish the Blood and Calm the Heart.
Point Prescription: BL-17, BL-20, HT-5, BL-44, and ST-36.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-17 and BL-20 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-44 with the Qi Ci technique (One of the ancient needle
techniques with one needle in the middle and one on each side), waving the needles for a while until a red color
appears. Retain all the needles for 10 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle
technique and 1 cun #34 needles into HT-5 obliquely, towards HT-7, 0.5 cun deep at a 60 degree angle with a
Hot flashes: KI-3 and KI-10.
Ringing ear: TW-3 and KI-6.
Five hearts heat: PC-8 and KI-2.
201
Heart palpitations from Phlegm-Fire

Treatment Principle: Clear the Fire, Resolve the Phlegm and Calm the Heart.
Point Prescription: HT-4, PC-4, BL-13, LU-5, and ST-40.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-5 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into HT-4 and PC-4 with a twisting even movement needle technique.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-40 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-13 obliquely towards the spine at a 60-degree angle, with a lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique. Retain needles for 10 minutes.
Insomnia: ST-45.
Constipation: BL-25.
Heart palpitations from Blood Stagnation

Treatment Principle: Resolve the Blood Stagnation and Calm the Heart.
Point Prescription: PC-3, HT-3, CV-6, and SP-10.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into PC-3 and HT-3 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing
needle technique and 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-10 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique. Insert a 2 cun #32 needle into CV-6 perpendicularly, 1.5 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle
technique, and apply moxa wool to the handle of needle for 5 cones.
Weak pulse: PC-6 and LU-9.
Edema: CV-9 with indirect moxibustion with ginger for 5 cones.
Nose Acupuncture
Points: Heart, Lung, and Shan Gen.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a fast twisting needle
technique until a heat sensation is produced under the needles, or the symptoms are gone.
Ear Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Shen Men, Sympathetic, Sub cortex, Heart, Stomach, and Brain point.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 needles into these points obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a30 degree angle, with a fast twisting
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Heart Palpitations
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Lateral line 1 and Lateral line 2 of the forehead, and the Middle line of the vertex.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into the Lateral line 1 and Lateral line 2, transversely towards the eyes, 0.8 cun
deep at a 30 degree angle with a fast twisting needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needle into the Middle
line of the vertex transversely towards the back 1 cun deep with a fast twisting needle technique. Retain all
Foot Acupuncture
Points: Heart, Inner Nei Ting, and Kidney.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
Cupping
Treatment area: Chest, Back, and Arms.
Palpate the chest along the Stomach and CV meridians to find the Ah Shi points (usually near CV-18 and
ST-15). Apply fire cups on these Ah Shi points for 3 minutes. Apply fire cups around HT-3 for 3 minutes.
Apply moving fire cups on the upper back from BL-11 to BL-17 and retain cups on BL-14 for 5 minutes.

Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these lines transversely, 1.2 cun deep at a 15 degree angle, and adjust the
needles to get rid of any needle sensations. Retain all needles for 40 minutes.
Moxibustion
Direct moxibustion
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on PC-6, CV-15, BL-15, and BL-14 for 7 cones.
Indirect moxibustion
Moxa pole
Apply moxa pole on BL-15 and CV-12 for 20 minutes.
203
For heart palpitations accompanied with fear:

PC-3, TW-8, HT-4, HT-7, LU-10, GV-20, ST-45, CV-14, and LV-13 (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into PC-3 and TW-8 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting even movement
needle technique and 1 cun #34 needles into HT-4, LU-10, and HT-7 with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into GV-20, CV-14, and LV-13 with a twisting even movement needle
For heart palpitations due to deficiency of Heart Blood: PC-6, GV-20, and HT-7. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
There are two methods:
#1. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into PC-6 perpendicularly, with the sending the Qi technique (Green Dragon
Waves its Tail). Then insert 1 cun #34 needles into HT-7 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique, and finally insert a 1 cun #32 needle into GV-20 with fast twisting needle
technique until the heaviness sensation appears near the needle.
#2.Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into PC-6 and HT-7 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique and a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-20 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30 degree angle with a
fast twisting needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Treat once twice a week, for 5 treatments as a course.
For heart palpitations with fright: HT-6 and BL-15. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into HT-6 perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-15 obliquely, towards the spinal column, 1 cun deep with a
lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and apply moxa pole on the side of needle for 10 minutes.
For heart palpitations due to insufficiency of Heart Blood:
HT-7, BL-20, and BL-17 (Zhong Guo Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-20 and BL-17 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply
moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into HT-7 perpendicularly,
0.5 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle technique.
For heart palpitations due to stagnation of Phlegm: BL-15, CV-14, ST-30, and TW-6.(Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-15 obliquely, towards the spinal column, 1 cun deep at a 60-degree angle
with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles
for 2 cones. Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting even
movement needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun
#30 needles into ST-40 and TW-6 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles
for 20 minutes.
For heart palpitations due to deficiency of the Heart Qi: PC-6, ST-36, BL-14, and BL-15.(Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-14 and BL-15 obliquely, towards the spinal column, at a 60-degree angle
with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles
for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-6 and ST-36 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
204
Heart Palpitations
For heart palpitations with deficiency of Qi: CV-4, CV-6, PC-6, and GV-20. (Jing Mai Tu Kao)
Apply indirection moxibustion with ginger on CV-4 and CV-6 for 5 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into
PC-6 and GV-20 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For heart palpitations with restlessness and a poor memory: GV-20. (Tong Ren Zhen Jiu Tu Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-20 transversely, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and apply moxa pole on the side for 15 minutes.
For heart palpitations with difficulty lying down: CV-6, CV-7, and ST-27. (Qian Jing Fang)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-6 and CV-7 with a lifting and thrusting even movement needle
technique and 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-27 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all
needles for 30 minutes. Or apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
For heart palpitations with angina: PC-6, CV-17, CV-14, BL-14, and BL-17. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into PC-6 obliquely, 1 to 1.2 cun deep towards PC-5 at a 45-degree angle, with a
twisting even movement needle technique until the sensation of the Qi travels to the chest.
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-17 obliquely, 1 cun deep towards the CV-16 direction with a lifting
and thrusting reducing needle technique and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep
with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for
2 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-14 and BL-17 obliquely, towards the spinal column, 1 to 1.2
cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
For heart palpitations with chest pain and shortness of breath:
PC-9, Shi Wang, ST-45, PC-3, LU-4, and ST-36 (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Shi Wang is an extra point located in the middle of the root of the nail of the middle finger.
Apply a bloodletting technique on PC-9, Shi Wang, and ST-45, and squeeze out 2 drops of blood. Insert 1.5
cun #32 needles into PC-3 with the Long Hu Jiao Zhan—Dragon and Tiger Battle technique and 1.5 cun
#30 needles into LU-4 and ST-36 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 30
minutes.
205
CASE ANALYSIS
A 47 year-old female patient had a main complaint of heart palpitations with anxiety for over 2 years. She
had difficulty falling asleep, dizziness, nightmares, restlessness, a poor appetite and irregular bowel movements. She
had a red tongue tip with a yellow greasy coating and her pulse was wiry, slippery and fast.
Diagnosis: Heart palpitations due to retention of Phlegm-Fire.
Treatment Principle: Resolve Phlegm and Calm the Heart.
Point Prescription: BL-15, CV-14, HT-7, GB-34, ST-40, and LV-2.
Treatment was administered once daily for 5 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-40 and GB-34 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-2 and HT-7 with a twisting even movement
needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-15 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 60 degree angle towards the spinal column with a
lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique, and remove the needles without retaining them.
Result: The heart palpitations decreased dramatically after 3 treatments, and all the symptoms resolved after 3
courses.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion is not only effective in controlling heart palpitations, but also in helping treat
heart disease. Short-term results will show immediately on an EKG, and long-term results will occur when all the
symptoms have changed.
A clear diagnosis is very important for appropriate acupuncture treatments, with correct needling techniques
being the key. Chinese herbal formulas are strongly recommended during acupuncture therapy in adjunction to
treatment. A Chinese idiom refers to the three step therapy- first needle, second moxa, and third use herbal
formulas.
206
Hemorrhoids
207
HEMORRHOIDS
Generally, all small fleshy prominences that are found at the internal and external areas of the anus are
called hemorrhoids, piles or hemorrhoid lumps. Hemorrhoids can be caused by a variety of reasons ranging from
lack of good hygiene to internal disorders. In TCM, hemorrhoids are caused by stagnation of Qi and Blood in the
local Luo meridians, which worsens with exhaustion or excessive sitting. The combinations of treatments for this
problem have proven to be very successful.
DIAGNOSIS
Downward flow of Damp-Heat
Symptoms include distending pain and prolapse of the anus, hematochezia, associated with itching and
wetness locally in and around the anus, scanty urination, thirst, and restlessness. The tongue is red with a
yellow greasy coating, and the pulse is rapid and slippery.
Yin Deficiency with Blood-Heat

Symptoms include pain around the anus with a large amount of blood in the stools, accompanied by thirst, a
desire to drink, constipation, dark urine, a red tongue with a thin coating, and a rapid pulse.
Prolapse due to Insufficiency of the Spleen

Symptoms include a prolapsed internal hemorrhoid that is not able to return back to its original position
and is accompanied by a sallow complexion, palpitations, and shortness of breath, weakness and fatigue, a
pale tongue with a thin white coating and a thin, weak pulse.
TREAMENT AND PRESCRIPTION
Downward flow of Damp-Heat

Treatment Principle: Clear the Heat and Resolve the Accumulation of the Dampness.
Point Prescription: BL-32, GV-1, BL-35, BL-57, and Er Bai.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into Er Bai perpendicularly 0.5 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique. Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-32 and BL-35 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with a twisting
reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-57 and GV-1 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting
Painful and swollen anus: BL-54 and BL-2.
Hematochezia: SP-10 and BL-24.
Constipation: BL-25 and ST-37.
208
Hemorrhoids
Yin Deficiency with Blood–Heat

Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Yin and Cool the Blood.
Point Prescription: Er Bai, SP-1, GV-1, BL-57, BL-54, BL-20, BL-23, GV-4, LI-11, SP-10, ST-25, and KI-7.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into Er Bai perpendicularly, 0.7 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-10, ST-25, LI-11 and KI-7 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a
lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on SP-1 for 11 cones.
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-1 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique and 3 cun #30 needles into BL-54 perpendicularly, 2 to 2.5 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 into BL-20, BL-23 and GV-4 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique
and 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-57 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10
minutes.
Hematochezia: SP-3 and GV-28 with a bloodletting technique.
Constipation: ST-37 and BL-25.
Thirsty: KI-6 and CV-24.
Prolapse due to Insufficiency of the Spleen

Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Spleen Qi, and Relieve the hemorrhoid.
Point Prescription: GV-20, SP-4, CV-6, BL-24, BL-32, BL-13, BL-20, and Er Bai.
Technique: Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-24 and BL-32 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-13 and BL-20 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool to the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle
into GV-20 transversely, 1 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle technique, and apply moxa-pole on the
side of the needle for 15 minutes.
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into SP-4 and Er Bai perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.7 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle
technique. Apply moxa wool to the handle of the needle for 3 cones.
Insomnia: HT-7.
Lassitude: CV-6 and ST-36.
ADJUNCTIVE THERAPY
Ear Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Rectum, Large intestine, and Shen Men
twisting needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes. Or, apply press-balls on these points after body
needle treatment.
209
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Middle line and Lateral line 1 of the vertex; Lateral line 3 of the forehead.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these lines transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with a lifting and
Moxibustion
Direct moxibustion: SP-1, SP-4, GV-2, BL-32, and Er Bai.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on SP-1 for 11 cones to stop the bleeding of the
hemorrhoids and on SP-4 and Er Bai for 7 cones. Apply direct non- scarring moxibustion on BL-
32 and GV-2 for 9 cones.
Indirect moxibustion: CV-4, BL-25, and BL-33.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-4, BL-25 and BL-33 for 5 cones.
Moxa-pole: GV-20 and GV-2.
Apply moxa-pole on GV-20 and GV-2 for 20 minutes.
Use as a supplemental therapy along with other techniques.
Plum Blossom Needle

Treatment area: Sacrum, SP-4, and Er Bai.
Apply medium stimulation of a Plum blossom needle on the sacrum area, particularly around GV-2, GV-3,
BL-32 and BL-33, until a red color appears with a little bleeding. Apply weak stimulation of the Plum
blossom needle on SP-4 and Er Bai for 2 to 3 minutes, until a red color appears.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Low back, sacrum, Lower abdomen, BL-40, and BL-57.
Apply medium stimulation of Gua Sha on the low back and sacrum along the Bladder meridian and the GV
meridian from BL-21 to BL-34 and GV-5 to GV-2, until a red mark appears. Apply medium stimulation of
Gua Sha on the low abdomen from ST-28 to ST-30, until a red color appears. Apply medium stimulation of
the Gua Sha around BL-40 and BL-57 area until a red color with black dots appears.
Pricking Therapy
Treatment area: GV-27, GV-2, and the Hemorrhoid points.
Hemorrhoid points (pimples) are found from T-7 to L-5 and the sacral area with a red color. Prick them
one by one, squeezing the mucous out. Apply a pricking technique to GV-27 and GV-2, pricking out a little
white-colored fluid.
210
Hemorrhoids
The following prescriptions are from the Qian Jin Fang.

For hemorrhoids with severe pain: BL-58
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
For hemorrhoids with irregular bowel and tenesmus: KI-7
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into KI-7 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle
For hemorrhoids with Interior Heat: PC-8
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-8 perpendicularly, 0.7 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique.
For hemorrhoids with a swollen sensation under the axilla: BL-36, BL-40, and SI-5.
Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-36 perpendicularly, 2 to 2.5 cun deep with a twisting even movement
needle technique. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-40 and SI-5 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a
Treat once every other day for 5 treatments as a course for the above prescriptions.
For hemorrhoids with lassitude: GV-2. (Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing)

Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-2 for 11 cones.
For hemorrhoids with bleeding: BL-23, GV-4, GV-1, SP-6, and BL-57. (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-1 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool to the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Apply direct non-
scarring moxibustion on GV-4 for 9 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun
deep with a twisting even movement needle technique and 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-57 perpendicularly,
1 to 1.2 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For hemorrhoids with pain and swelling: BL-40, BL-58, GB-37, KI-7, LV-3, GB-43, CV-6, and CV-1.
(Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-40, BL-58, and GV-37 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting
reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3, KI-7, and GB-43 with a twisting even
movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a
twisting reinforcing needle technique and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert
a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-1 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique.
For chronic hemorrhoids: SP-5, BL-57, and Er Bai. (Za Bing Ge)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-57 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into SP-5 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting even
movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into Er Bai perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a
211
For hemorrhoids with deficient Qi: GV-20, GV-4, and BL-62. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-20 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle towards GV-19 with a
twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply a moxa pole on the side of the needle for 10 minutes.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-4 and BL-61 for 9 cones.
For hemorrhoids with swelling and bleeding: BL-29, BL-54, and BL-57. (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-29 and BL-54 perpendicularly, 2 to 2.5 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-57 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a
For hemorrhoids from the downward flow of Damp-Heat: GV-1, BL-35, BL-57, Er Bai, GV-20, and Ji Zhong.
Ji Zhong is an extra point located 0.5 cun bilateral to L-4.
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-1 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Repeat the process every
3 to 5 minutes during the retaining time of the needle. Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-35 and Ji Zhong
perpendicularly, with a twisting even movement technique and 1 cun #32 needles into GV-20 and Er Bai
with a lifting and thrusting even movement technique.
For hemorrhoids with deficient Yin and Blood-Heat: BL-35, BL-2, CV-6, LI-6, Shi Qi Zhui, and Zhi Shu.
Zhi Shu is an extra point located 1 cun bilateral to GV-4.
Shi Qi Zhui is an extra point located below the 5th lumbar vertebre.
Insert 3 cun #30 needles into Zhi Shu and BL-35 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with a twisting even
movement needle technique and 1.5 cun #30 needle into Shi Qi Zhui perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-6 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing technique
and 1 cun #32 needles into LI-6 and BL-2 perpendicularly, with a twisting reducing needle. Retain all
For hemorrhoids with a downward flow of Damp-Heat and excess Yin Qiao: KI-6, LU-7, and GV-1. (Zhen Jiu Ji Chen)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle perpendicularly, into GV-1 one cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique and take out the needle without retaining it. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-6 perpendicularly,
0.5 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle technique until the sensation of the Qi travels upwards.
Then insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into LU-7 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 15 degree angle with a twisting even
For hemorrhoids with a downward flow of Damp-Heat and excess Yin Wei: PC-6, KI-9, SP-4, and CV-1.
(Zhen Jiu Ji Chen)
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-1 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with a twisting even movement
technique and remove the needle after a sensation of Qi is achieved. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-6,
KI-9, and SP-4 with a twisting reducing needle technique.
212
Hemorrhoids
For hemorrhoids with prolapse due to an insufficient Spleen: GV-20, CV-8, BL-26, BL-46, BL-58, PC-8, and SP-3.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-58 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique
and 3 cun #30 needles into BL-26 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion to BL-
46 for 7 cones. Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into GV-20 transversely, 0.8 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique, and apply a moxa-pole on the side for 10 minutes.
Insert 1cun #32 needles into PC-8 and SP-3 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting even movement
needle technique. Apply a moxa-pole on CV-8 for 20 minutes.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 40 year-old male patient came into the clinic with the main complaint of hemorrhoid pain for the last
year. The hemorrhoid started bleeding three months prior, and there was close to 3 ml of blood expelled during the
bowel movement every time. The condition was aggravated by hot, spicy, and greasy foods and was associated with
dizziness, a pale complexion, spontaneous sweating, and heart palpitations. The tongue was pale with a thin white
coating and the pulse was weak.
Diagnosis: Hemorrhoid bleeding due to a deficiency of the Spleen and the Blood.
Treatment Principle: Build up the Spleen Qi and Relieve the hemorrhoid.
Point Prescription: SP-1, ST-36, GV-20, GV-1, and BL-57.
Treatment was administered once every other day for 5 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-1 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique and take out the needle without retaining it. Then insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-57 and ST-36
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique and a 1 cun #32 needle into
GV-20 transversely, 0.8 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring
moxibustion on SP-1 for 11 cones.
Result: The bleeding stopped after 5 treatments and the hemorrhoid was disappeared after 2 courses of treatment.
Observation of the patient was continued for 1 year in the clinic along with diet therapy. The symptoms did not
return.
EVALUATION
Hemorrhoids are a local problem, but in TCM, they are viewed in relation to the whole body’s Qi
circulation. They are caused by stagnation and an excess of Yin Qi, particularly when caused by the Yin Wei and Yin
Qiao meridians. When the patient has an excess of the Yin Wei meridian, usually he or she will have both Yin Wei
and Cong Mai meridian excess symptoms. The sensitive pain points are usually found on PC-6, KI-9, SP-4, BL-57,
and SP-5. When the patient has an excess of the Yin Qiao meridian, usually he or she will have meridian excess
symptoms of both Yin Qiao and Ren Mai meridians. The sensitive and pain points will be found on KI-6, LU-7, BL-
58, and SP-5. That is why a correct diagnosis and effective palpation before the treatment is necessary for
practitioners, and will influence the effects of the treatment directly.
Acupuncture and moxibustion is very effective for treating hemorrhoids in the beginning and middle stages,
and as a supplemental treatment (with herbs) in the case of surgery. The patient should avoid hot, spicy, and greasy
food, wine, and cigarettes during the treatment.
213
HERPES ZOSTER
Herpes zoster is a kind of acute herpetic skin infection caused by the herpes zoster virus. It
characteristically has an acute onset with groups of blisters crowdedly arranged in a zonal fashion along one side of
nerve distribution. The blisters may break and produce yellowish liquid and spread. It is accompanied with nerve
pain in the chest, waist and abdomen, or on the corner of the mouth and genital area. Direct western treatment
suggests the spread of the virus is through nerve endings and prescribes anti-viral cream or nerve suppressing agents.
In TCM, the outbreak of the virus is seen as an internal and systemic problem in the body.
Wind-Fire Invasion
Wind-Fire invades and stagnates in the surface of the skin of the Jue Yin and Shao Yang meridians, creating
Heat and causing herpes.
Heat-Toxin
External Heat toxins invade the body, particularly at the Hand Yang Ming and Hand Tai Yin meridians,
causing disharmony of Ying and Wei Qi, creating Heat.
DIAGNOSIS
The skin will burn and feel painful and sensitive to the touch before the herpes flare-ups. Then, groups of
the herpes will appear on one side of the body, near the genitals, or around the mouth. The pain will be much worse
if it occurs on the face and/or genitals. If herpes appears around the waist or the hypochondriac region, patients will
often also experience a bitter taste in the mouth, a headache, dizziness and vertigo, a tendency towards anger,
restlessness, a red complexion, and scanty burning urine. The tongue will be red with a yellow greasy coating and the
pulse will be wiry and fast. This presentation is called Wind-Fire stagnating in the Shao yang and Jue Yin meridians.
When herpes mainly appears on the chest and face, it is often associated with watery blisters, lassitude, a
poor appetite and a bloated epigastric region. The tongue will be swollen with a yellow greasy coating and the pulse
will be floating and fast. This is Damp Heat-toxin stagnating in the Hand Tai Yin and Yang Ming meridians.
TREATMENT
Wind-Fire
Treatment Principle: Clear the Wind and Subdue the Fire.
Point Prescription: Local Ah shi points, LV-14, LV-8, GB-43, and TW-3.
Treat once every other day 5 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles on the side with the herpes with the Qi Ci technique, obliquely at a 30 to 45
degree angle towards the center of the clump. (Moxa-pole can be applied to the area of herpes during the needle
retainment.) Insert 1 cun #30 needles in LV-14 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles on GB-43 and TW-3 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles in LV-8 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a waving technique. Retain all
Restlessness: PC-5 and HT-7.
Pain on the skin: PC-6 and GB-37.
Bitter taste in the mouth: GB-34 and TW-6.
214
Herpes Zoster
Damp-Heat Toxin
Treatment Principle: Clear the Heat and Resolve Damp.
Point Prescription: Local Ah shi points, ST-44, TW-5, SP-4, and GB-43.
Treat once every other day 5 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles around the herpes perpendicularly, with a twisting reducing needle technique and
1 cun #30 needles in ST-44, TW-5, SP-4, and GB-43 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
Stimulate the needles every 5 minutes during the 20 minutes of needle retention.
Fever: LI-4 and GV-14.
Pain: Bloodletting technique on LI-1 and LU-11.
Insomnia: PC-8 and CV-14.
Ear Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Liver and Shen Men
Apply 0.5 cun #32 ear needles in these two points bilaterally, with a fast twisting needle technique for 5
minutes, and retain the all the needles for 15 minutes.
Scalp Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Middle 2/5 of the anterior line from the vertex to the temple, Lateral line 2 of the
vertex, and Lateral line 3 of the forehead.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles in all the treatment lines on the scalp with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique, and retain the needles for 30 minutes.
Bloodletting
Points: LI-1, LU-11, LV-1, and ST-45.
Apply a bloodletting technique on these Jing well points, and squeeze 2-3 drops of blood from each point.
Treat once every other day 3 treatments as a course, or apply along with other treatment techniques.

Point Prescription: Upper 2, Upper 5, Lower 4, and Lower 6.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles subcutaneously at a 10 to 15 degree angle from the skin without any sensation,
1.2 cun deep, and retain the needles for 40 minutes.
215
Plum Blossom Needle

Points: local points.
Apply Plum blossom needling around the herpes with medium-level stimulation, until a few drops of blood
comes out.
Treat once daily for 3 treatments as a course. Most of the time, a moxa-pole is used after plum blossom
needle stimulation on herpes for approximately 20 minutes.
Moxibustion
Direct moxibustion: LI-1, LU-11, ST-44, and LV-1.
Moxa-pole: Local points.
Apply a moxa-pole on the local herpes area for 30 minutes, normally this is performed after a plum
blossom needle treatment.
For herpes with Dampness and Interior Heat: BL-18, LI-11, and GV-14. (Zhen Jiu Pei Xue)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-18 with the Dragon and Tiger Battle needle technique and a 1.5 cun #30
needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a rubbing needle technique. Retain all the needles
for 15 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and retain the
For herpes with Wind-heat and Fire: LI-11, LI-4, and ST-36. (Zhong Hua Pi Fu Ke Zai Zhi)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a waving needle technique,
and then insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-11and LI-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all the needles for 20 minutes.
For herpes with Damp-Heat: GV-12, LI-11, SP-9, SP-6 and plum blossom needling.
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV 12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique for 5 minutes, and take the needle out without retaining it. Then, insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into
LI-11, SP-9, and SP-6 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique. Retain all the needles for 30 minutes.
Finally, apply the plum blossom needling to the local herpes area with medium-level stimulation for 3-4
minutes.
216
Herpes Zoster
For any kind of herpes:

Local points
Insert 1 cun #30 needles obliquely at a 20-30 degree angle from the skin towards the center of
herpes cluster, surrounding the herpes at a 0.5-cun distance from its edge.
Herpes above the waist: TW-6, TW-5, LI-4, and LI-11.
Herpes below the waist: LV-3 and SP-6. (Zhong Guo Zhen Jiu)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into TW-6, TW-5, LI-11, and LI-4 with a twisting reducing needle
technique, or insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LV-3 and SP-6 with a lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique.
Retain all the needles for 20 minutes.
Treat once every other day for 5 treatments as a course for the above.
For herpes with Wind-Heat and severe pain: LI-1 and SP-1. (Guang Xi Zhong Yi)
Apply a bloodletting technique with bloodletting needles or #28 needles perpendicularly, 0.1 cun deep,
allowing it to bleed naturally bleeding without squeezing until it stops.
For herpes with Damp-Heat and severe pain: She Yan Xue. (Jiang Su Zhong Yi)
She Yan Xue is an extra point on both sides of the dorsal part of the thumb joint, between the pink and white skin.
Squeeze the point for a few minutes before treatment. Then, apply bloodletting needles or 1 cun #28
needles into points and make 1 to 2 drops of yellowish liquid come out.
For herpes with Damp-Heat: BL-40, GV-14, GV-7, LI-4, and SP-6. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-7 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a rubbing needle technique until the
sensation of needle travels downwards in the body. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly,
1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Apply a bloodletting technique on
BL-40, and retain all the needles for 15 minutes.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 and SP-6 with the White Tiger Shakes its Head technique, and retain all
CASE ANALYSIS
A 31 year-old male patient had a chief complaint of herpes zoster for 3 days in the upper epigastric region.
He felt a burning and painful sensation and was unable to handle clothing touching the skin. There were several red
pimples around the area 4 by 8 cm in size. He had a dry mouth, restlessness, a red tongue with a yellow greasy
coating, and a fast and wiry pulse.
Diagnosis: Herpes zoster with Damp-Heat Stagnation.
Treatment Principle: Soothes the Liver, Clear the Heat and Resolve the Dampness.
Point Prescription: local points, TW-6, LI-4, and LV-3.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles around the herpes zoster region (6-8 needles) obliquely at 20 degree angles
towards the center of the herpes, starting 0.5 cun from the edge of the herpes. Then, insert 1 cun #32 needles
intoTW-6, LI-4, and LV-3 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
Result: The pain was clearly reduced after 2 treatments, and the color of herpes changed from red to dark with a little
black in an area. After 5 days, all the symptoms were had resolved. Only tiny scars were left.
217
EVALUATION
Herpes zoster is one of the most common skin infection diseases. From the TCM practitioner’s point of
view, it as caused by both Exterior and Interior Heat, including External Heat Invasion. The main symptoms are
burning and pain on the local affected region associated with a fever, a bitter taste in the mouth, constipation, and
yellow scanty urine. Most frequently it happens on the face, chest, epigastric and hypochondriac region, and
occasionally on the four extremities.
Acupuncture and moxibustion is very effective for treating herpes zoster. The treatment mainly focuses on
clearing Heat and resolving Dampness. Point selection mostly comes from the Hand Shao Yang, Hand Yang Ming
and Foot Jue Yin meridians to move the Wind and the Heat. Treatment time usually lasts less then two weeks. Over
90% of the cases will be cured within a week. Some patients could have the neuralgia for a while after the herpes is
gone, however due to the nature of the infection, the treatments only cure the outbreak. The virus will remain in the
nerve endings, dormant until future outbreaks. In order to reduce outbreaks it is very important for the patient to
watch his or her diet and maintain a healthy immune system.
218
Hiccup
219
HICCUP
Hiccup is a symptom of Stomach Qi rebellion and it can occur due to any kind of reason that may lead the
Qi to travel upward. In TCM, it is usually caused by internal organ problems, such as rebellion of Stomach Qi, Liver
Qi attacking the Stomach, or Damp-Heat damaging the Stomach Yin. In the beginning stages of the hiccup most
symptoms are of an excess nature, but in the late stage of the disorder most of the symptoms are deficient in nature.
Examples of this include spasm of the esophageal by cancer or chronic nerve spasm.
Rebellion of Stomach Qi
This pattern is commonly caused by improper food intake; such as intake of allergic food, or overly cold,
hot, and/or spicy food. All these cause the Stomach to fail in descending the Qi, resulting in hiccup.
Liver Qi attacking the Stomach

This pattern occurs after long-term and negative emotional stimulation, which causes the Stomach Qi to rise
up instead of down.
Yin and Qi Deficiency

Deficiency of the Kidney and the Stomach Yin will cause Interior Heat that will dry up the Stomach fluids,
resulting in a deficient Heat or Fire rising. Or at times, the Stomach may stagnate due to accumulation of
Phlegm, which is produced by chronic Spleen Qi Deficiency, which tends to occur in most chronic hiccup
patients.
DIAGNOSIS
Excess type of the Hiccup

Cold Stagnation
Symptoms include loud sounding hiccup, and preference for warm drinks with a cold sensation and bloating
in the epigastric region and limbs, poor appetite, frequent urination, and loose stool. The tongue is pale with
a white greasy coat and the pulse is slow and tight.
Rebellious Stomach Fire

Symptoms include loud sounding hiccup, preference for cold drinks with a bitter taste in the mouth, thirst,
red complexion, constipation, and a yellowish and scanty urination. The tongue is red with a yellow coat and
the pulse is fast and slippery.

Symptoms include hiccup that is worse during the day, as emotional changes or sensitivity will be reduced
during sleep and worse after waking up. The hiccup in this case is associated with belching, sighing, stuffy
and painful sensations in the chest, epigastric, and hypochondriac region. The tongue is dry with a white
thin coat and the pulse is wiry.
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Hiccup
Deficient type of the Hiccup

Spleen Yang Deficiency
Symptoms include a low sounding hiccup with shortness of breath and that are associated with weak body
constitutions, pale complexion, cold sensations in the limbs, poor appetite, lassitude, and bloating in the
abdomen or hiccups with vomiting of phlegm. The tongue is swollen with a wet coat and the pulse is thin
and weak.
Stomach Yin Deficiency

Symptoms include continuous weak hiccups and are associated with a dry mouth, dry throat, restlessness,
red malar flush, and spontaneous sweating. The tongue is red without a coat and the pulse is thin and fast.
TREATMENT AND PRESCRIPITONS
Excess type
Treatment Principle: Harmonize the Stomach and Subdue the Rebellious Qi.
Point Prescription: CV-12, PC-6, ST-40 and BL-17.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-17 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, and retain the needles for 10 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-12 and ST-40
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into PC-6
perpendicularly, 0.6 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique.
Additional points for other symptoms:
Stomach Cold: ST-21 with indirect moxibustion with ginger for 3 cones.
Stomach Fire: ST-43 and ST-44.
Liver Qi Stagnation: LV-3 and LV-13.
Deficient type
Treatment Principle: Nourishing the Stomach and Regulate the Qi.
Point Prescription: CV-6, BL-17, LV-13, and CV-17.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-17 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones. Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-17
obliquely, 1.2 cun deep at a 45 degree angle towards CV-16 with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun
#32 needles into LV-13 perpendicularly, 0.7 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique, and a 1.5 cun
#32 needle into CV-6 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Yin Deficiency: KI-3 and GV-4.
Yang Deficiency: CV-4 with indirect moxibustion and Fu Zi (aconite) cake.
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Ear Acupuncture
Points: Diaphragm, Sympathetic, Liver, Stomach and Spleen.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles into these points obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 45 degree angle with strong
The clinician may also apply press-balls or intradermal needles on the ear after regular body acupuncture treatments.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Lateral line 1 and 2 of the forehead and the Middle line of the vertex.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needle into these lines 1-1.2 cun deep at a 30 degree angle downwards, with a fast
twisting needle technique. Retain the needles for 30 minutes to 1 hour.
Wrist and Ankle acupuncture

Treatment area: Upper 2, Upper 5 and Lower 5.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these lines transversely, 1.2 cun deep at a 15 degree angle without any needle
technique and avoiding any sort of sensation. Retain the needles for 30 minutes.
Moxibustion
Direct moxibustion: BL-17, BL-15, CV-17, and CV-6.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on these points for 7-9 cones.
Indirect moxibustion: CV-6, CV-13, and BL-20.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-6, CV-13, and BL-20 for 5 cones.
Hand Acupuncture
Points: Stomach and Chest.
Insert 1 cun #32 needle into these two points perpendicularly, 0.2-0.3 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique. Retain the needles for 10 minutes.
Nose Acupuncture
Points: Liver, Gallbladder, and Stomach.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.2 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique until a heat sensation is produced under the needle. Retain all needles for 15 minutes.
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Hiccup
For hiccup due to deficiency of Yang: CV-17, LU-1, CV-12, LU-5, and CV-14. (Pu Ji Fang)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-17, LU-1, and CV-12 for 10 cones, and on LU-5 and CV-14
for 7 cones.
For hiccup due to stagnation of the Stomach Qi: LV-14, CV-17, and CV-12. (Yi Xue Gang Mu)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-14 and CV-17 for 11 cones, and on CV-12 for 9 cones.
For hiccup due to stagnation Stomach Qi: CV-12, PC-6, and CV-22. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-22 obliquely, 1.2 cun deep at a 45 degree angle following the trachea,
and apply a twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-6 and CV-12
perpendicularly, 0.5-0.7 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For chronic hiccup: a point located between the black and white skin under the nipple. (Wei Shen Bao Jian)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on this point for 11 cones.
For hiccup due to stagnation of Liver Qi: CV-12, CV-17, and LV-14. (Zhen Jiu Ji Chen)
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-17 obliquely, 1.2 cun deep at a 45 degree angle towards CV-16, with a
twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-14 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30
degree angle towards CV-12, with a twisting reducing needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into
CV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique.
For hiccup after childbirth: LV-14. (Zhen Zhi Zun Sheng)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion for 7 cones.
For hiccup due to Stomach Cold: BL-20, BL-21, CV-12, ST-36, and SP-4. (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-20 and BL-21 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles
into ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique, and apply indirect
moxibustion with ginger on CV-12 for 5 cones. Finally apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on SP-4 for 7
cones.
For hiccup due to Cold stagnation in the Stomach: CV-13, LV-13, BL-20, and PC-6. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-20 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with Shao Shan Huo—Burning the
Mountain technique and retain the needles for 10 minutes.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-13 and PC-6 perpendicularly, with twisting reducing needle technique.
technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of needle for 2 cones.
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For hiccup due to Stomach Fire: PC-6, LI-4, LU-7, BL-17, and ST-40. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-20 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into PC-6, LI-4, and LU-7 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun
#30 needles into ST-40 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For hiccup due to deficiency of Yang: CV-12, LV-14, CV-6, BL-17, BL-21, and BL-23.
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-12 obliquely, 1.2 cun deep at a 60 degree angle towards CV-11, with
twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-14 obliquely, 0.6 cun deep at a 45
degree angle with twisting even movement needle technique. Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on
CV-6 for 3 cones. Use a fire cup on LV-14 for 2 minutes after taking out the needles.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-17, BL-21, and BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting
reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 32 year-old male patient presented with a main complaint of hiccup for 1 day after waking up from
anesthesia of stomach surgery. The hiccup is occurring almost 20 times per minute and he can hardly breathe and
eat. The pulse was weak and floating.
Diagnosis: Rebellious Stomach Qi.
Treatment Principle: Harmonize the Stomach and Reduce the hiccups.
Point Prescription: CV-12 and PC-6.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique
until the sensation of the Qi travels from the point. Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into PC-6 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a
60 degree angle towards PC-5 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Result: The hiccup stopped after 3 minutes of needle retention and the breathing then became normal. Observed 3
days later at the hospital, the hiccup had never come back.
EVALUATION
Hiccup may appear due to anything that causes spasm or contraction of diaphragm muscle. Acupuncture
and moxibustion are very effective for treating hiccup, particularly for those occurring within short duration—less
than 3 days. Acupuncture is usually used for Excess cases and moxibustion for Deficient cases. In some cases,
hiccup may appear in chronic disease before a change for the worse, therefore it is essential to make a clear diagnosis
for successful treatment.
224
Hiv
225
HIV
HIV is a very common viral infection that may prove to be terminal. The virus directly attacks the human
immune cells to leave the body weak and defenseless against other infectious diseases. It is characterized by the
infection of the AIDS virus, which does belong to one kind of febrile disease in the TCM category. Although HIV
has only one cause, the patient can be differentiated according to the clinical symptoms to better treat the patient’s
problems.
DIAGNOSIS
Wind-Heat Invasion
Symptoms of this pattern include fever, sweating, muscle and joint aches and soreness, easily fatigued,
swollen lymph nodes, sore throat, nausea, vomiting, headache, and diarrhea. The tongue is red with a white
coat and the pulse is floating and fast.
Qi Deficiency
This pattern includes fever, frequent diarrhea, weight loss, fatigue, shortness of breath, dizziness or vertigo,
heart palpitations, and insomnia. The tongue is red tongue with a thin coat and the pulse is weak and
floating.
Qi and Yin Deficiency

Associated signs and symptoms for this pattern are low-grade fever, night sweats, five palm heat, swollen
lymph nodes, frequent diarrhea, neuropathy, subdued speech, dry throat and mouth, shortness and breath,
heart palpitations, insomnia, spontaneous sweating and night sweating, dry skin, and loose stool. The tongue
is red without a coating or with less coat than normal and the pulse is thin, floating, and weak.
Heat-toxin
This type is usually seen in AIDS, where the patient has Kaposi’s sarcoma, pathologic leanness, fever,
anemia, swollen lymph nodes, and other systemic infections, such as lung and urinary tract infections.
Associated symptoms are irritable bowel movement, scanty urine, dry skin, flushed complexion, dry mouth,
throat, thirst, dysphasia, and poor sleep. The tongue is purple or even dark with a greasy coat and the pulse
is fast and floating.
Wind-Heat
Treatment Principle: Expel the Wind, Clear Heat, and Open the Lung.
Point Prescription: LU-5, LU-6, LI-4, BL-13, GV-14, and ST-40.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-13 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with waving needle technique, and a 1.5
cun #32 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with rubbing technique (rub the needle count clockwise)
until the sensation travels down along the spinal column. Retain all needles for 10 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into LU-5 and LU-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique, and 1 cun #34 needles into LI-4 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles
into ST-40 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes.
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Hiv

Headache: GV-24 and Tai Yang.
Joint aches: BL-11, GB-20, and GB-39.
Diarrhea: ST-37 and ST-25.
Qi Deficiency
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Qi and Promote the circulation.
Point Prescription: CV-6, LV-3, LI-4, LU-5, BL-13, BL-20, and GV-14.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #34 needle into CV-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needle for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into LV-3, LI-4,
and LU-5 with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-20 and GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and 1 cun #34 needles into BL-13 perpendicularly, 0.6 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing
Diarrhea: ST-25 and SP-4 with moxibustion.
Depression: GV-20, Si Shen Cong, and HT-7.
Poor sleep: An Mian, ST-36, and HT-7.
Heart palpitations: PC-6, CV-14, and BL-15.

Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Qi and Nourish Yin.
Point Prescription: CV-4, ST-36, KI-3, LV-8, BL-43, BL-20, and BL-23.
Treat once or twice a week for 10 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into CV-4 and ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and 1 cun #34 needles into KI-3 and LV-8 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique.
Next insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-43 with waving technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-20 and BL-23
perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Fever: HT-6, KI-2, and GV-14.
Diarrhea: BL-20 and BL-25.
Muscle and joint aches: SP-10, BL-17, BL-20, and LI-11.
Headache: KI-1, GV-20, and LI-4.
Swollen lymph nodes: ST-40, LU-5, and TW-4.
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Heat-toxin
Treatment Principle: Clear Heat, Resolve the Damp, and Reinforce the Qi.
Point Prescription: SP-6, LI-4, TW-5, ST-40, LI-11, GV-20, GV-14, BL-40, and BL-62.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique, and repeat the process every 3 minutes during the 15 minutes of needle retainment. Insert 1 cun #30
needles into SP-6, LI-4, TW-5, LI-11, and BL-62 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-40 with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #32
needle into GV-20 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30 degree angle towards the back with a twisting reducing needle
Fever: HT-5, KI-6, and GV-12.
Headache: GB-20, Tai Yang, and Si Shen Cong.
Skin Ulcer: SP-10 and BL-17.
Insomnia: An Mian and HT-7.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Lung, Stomach, Spleen, Liver, Kidney, Endocrine, Sub cortex, Shen Men, Small intestine, and
Sympathetic.
Select 3 to 4 points from above in each treatment. Insert 0.5 cun #34 needles into these points obliquely,
0.3 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Middle line of vertex, Lateral line 1 and 2 of the forehead, Lateral line 1 of vertex, and the
Posterior oblique line from the vertex to temple.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into these lines transversely, 0.7 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with twisting even

Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles slowly into these points transversely, 1.2 cun deep without any needle technique,
and adjust the needle to avoid any sensation of needles. Retain all needles for 40 minutes.
228
Hiv
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Back and Chest.
Apply medium-level stimulation of Gua Sha on the back from GV-14 to GV-6, and BL-11 to BL-20, until a
dark red color appears. Apply weak stimulation on the chest from CV-21 to CV-17, and KI-27 to KI-22,
until dark red or purple color appears.
Moxibustion
Direct non-scarring moxibustion: SP-3, LV-1, CV-6, BL-23, and GV-4.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on SP-3 and LV-1 for 9 cones, on CV-6, BL-23, and GV-4
for 7 cones, to treat HIV with Qi and Yang deficiency.
Indirect moxibustion: CV-8, ST-25, CV-4, and BL-20.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-8, ST-25, and CV-4 for 3 cones, on BL-20 for 5
cones, to treat HIV with water retention.
Moxa pole: GV-20, KI-1, and CV-4.
Apply moxa-pole on GV-20, KI-1, and CV-4 for 15 minutes, to treat HIV with lassitude and
insomnia.
Plum Blossom
Treatment area: SP-4, LU-5, BL-40, GV-3, BL-43, Back, and Neck.
Apply weak stimulation of a Plum blossom needle on SP-4, LU-5, BL-40, GV-3, and BL-43. Apply
medium-level stimulation on the upper back along the GV and BL meridian for 3 minutes until a red color
appears. Apply weak stimulation on the neck along the ST meridian until a red color appears.
Foot Acupuncture
Points: Heart, Kidney Liver, Stomach, and Head.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting even movement
229
EXPERIENTIAL PRESCRIPTIONS AND TECHNIQUES
For HIV with stagnation of Blood: GV-14, LI-11, ST-44, and Tai Yang. (Zhen Jiu Xue)
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with rubbing technique (rub the needle
clockwise) until the sensation of Qi travels down along the GV meridian. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into
LI-11 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with Long Hu Jiao Zhan—Dragon and Tiger Battle technique, one
combination needle technique, until the sensation of the Qi travels. Inset 1 cun #32 needles into ST-44, and
Tai Yang perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes.
For HIV with deficiency of Qi and Yin: ST-36, SP-9, BL-13, BL-20, and GV-14. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-14 and BL-20 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-13 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa
wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 and SP-9 perpendicularly,
1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For HIV due to Heat-toxin: LV-2, LI-11, SP-9, ST-40, GV-14, GV-12, BL-32, and BL-22.
Insert 2 cun #32 needles into BL-32 perpendicularly, 1.5 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-22, GV-12, and GV-14 with lifting and thrusting reducing
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-11, SP-9, and ST-40 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with lifting and
thrusting even movement technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-2 with twisting even movement needle
For HIV due to deficiency of Qi: CV-12, ST-36, SP-4, PC-6, GV-20, BL-20, and BL-21.
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into SP-4 and PC-6 perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-20 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30 degree
angle backwards with twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into ST-36 and
CV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the
handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-20 and BL-21 perpendicularly, 1 cun
deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique, apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 2
cones.
For HIV with deficiency of Qi and Blood: KI-3, LV-3, KI-7, CV-4, LI-11, BL-23, BL-20, and BL-13.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-11, CV-4, and KI-7 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and 1 cun #34 needles into KI-3 and LV-3 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into BL-23, BL-20, and BL-13 perpendicularly, 0.6 cun deep with lifting and
thrusting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones.
230
Hiv
For HIV with poor appetite and loose stool: CV-12, LV-13, CV-6, SP-4, LU-5, BL-17, and BL-25.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-12 and LV-13 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and 1 cun #34 needles into LU-5 and SP-4 with twisting even movement needle
technique. Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-6 for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into
BL-17 and BL-25 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles
for 10 minutes.
For HIV with skin problems: GV-20, LI-11, ST-36, and BL-40. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-20 transversely, 1 cun deep with a lifting Qi technique, and 1.5 cun #32
needles into LI-11, and ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle
Apply bloodletting on BL-40, to squeeze 2 to 3 drops of blood.
For HIV with skin problems: GB-21, BL-40, GB-41, LV-2, and HT-3. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-21 obliquely, 1 cun deep towards the ST-12 direction with twisting
reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into GB-41, LV-2, and HT-3 with twisting even
Apply bloodletting on BL-40, to squeeze 2 to 3 drops of blood.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 35 year-old man came for treatment with a main complaint of HIV symptoms originating 2 years prior.
His symptoms include low-grade fever, frequent diarrhea over 5 times a day, and weight loss: over 20 pounds in the
past year. The associated symptoms were shortness of breath, insomnia, and tendency to anger, restlessness,
dizziness, and heart palpitations. The tongue was red with a thin coating and the pulse was weak and floating.
Diagnosis: HIV due to Qi Deficiency with Interior Heat.
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Qi, Clear the Heat, and Calm the mind.
Point Prescription: LV-3, LI-4, LU-5, CV-6, ST-36, BL-13, BL-20, and BL-23.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #34 needles into LV-3 and LI-4 perpendicularly, 0.6 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique, and 1.5 cun #34 needles into LU-5, ST-36, and CV-6 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-13, BL-20, and BL-23 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Result: The diarrhea, appetite, and insomnia greatly improved after 1 course of treatments, and the dizziness, heart
palpitations and low-grad fever was controlled after 3 course treatments. The patient felt all symptoms were gone
and looked like a normal person after a total of 6 courses of treatment. He then returned to a normal work and
home life. The patient still continues maintenance treatments once every 2 months by acupuncture and no
symptoms have returned.
231
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are helpful in the treatment of HIV positive patients, particularly to reduce
the symptoms of the HIV via increasing the body’s True Qi (increasing the immune system function), with such
symptoms as low energy, diarrhea, insomnia, and headache.
But most of the time acupuncture and moxibustion only works as a supplemental treatment for most AIDS
patients. Acupuncture needles will not be used when the patient has severe infections on the skin and in the organs,
and moxibustion is contraindicated in patients with severe Yin Deficiency symptoms, such as severe Interior Heat, a
dry and dark red tongue without coating, and with a small tongue body.
And above all, clean and meticulous disposal techniques must be followed to avoid contact with used needles.
232
Hypchondriac Pain
233
HYPOCHONDRIAC PAIN
Hypochondriac pain refers to pain on one or both sides of the hypochondriac regions, the area of the Liver
and Gall Bladder meridians and organs. In the Nei Jing it states, “When the disease is in the Liver and Gall Bladder,
pain and discomfort will occur in the hypochondriac region.” Physiologically, the Liver controls the flow of Qi and
likes freedom of movement. Any kind of emotional problem can cause stagnation of the Liver Qi and can lead to
stagnation of Blood in the hypochondriac region. In TCM, the causes attributed to hypochondriac pain are many.
Here are the main diffentiations:
Liver Qi Stagnation
This is caused by any kind of emotional problem that causes stagnation of Qi in the Liver and Gallbladder
meridians near the hypochondriac region.
Blood Stagnation
This can be due to long-term stagnation of Qi, or by traumatic injury in the local area, which worsens the
stagnation and the pain in the hypochondriac region.
Liver and Gall Bladder Damp-Heat

Such can occur from a Damp invasion or internal Damp retention from the Spleen failing in its
transportation and transformation. After a while, the stagnation of Dampness will turn into Heat that
attacks the local meridians and the Liver and Gall Bladder organs. This results in the Liver’s failure to
control the smooth flow of Qi, causing pain in the hypochondriac region.
Liver Yin Deficiency

Chronic diseases or over-tiredness can easily make Liver Yin or Blood insufficient and unable to nourish the
Liver organ and meridians. This can lead to a chronic painful sensation in the hypochondriac region.
In modern medicine, it includes many diseases, including intercostals neuralgia, acute and chronic hepatitis,
cholecystitis, gallbladder stones and other infective diseases.
DIAGNOSIS
The critical technique in diagnosing hypochondriac pain is in identifying the Exterior or Interior symptoms.
Most times, Exterior symptoms are caused by Damp-Heat stagnation appearing as a fever with aversion to cold,
jaundice, nausea, vomiting, a floating pulse, and a red tongue with a yellow greasy coating. With interior symptoms,
the pain starts more slowly. There is no fever or aversion to cold, and is associated with Liver Qi and Blood
stagnation symptoms or Liver Yin Deficiency symptoms. The quality of the pain will help to determine the
syndrome:
Qi Stagnation pain often has distention and distending pain that comes and goes.
Damp-Heat related pain is most often fixed and aggravated by pressure, making it hard to turn over in bed.
Yin and Blood Deficiency is light pain that is aggravated by fatigue and reduced by rest.
Blood Stagnation pain is sharp and of fixed location that worsens at night with possible lumps in local areas.
234
Hypchondriac Pain
Hypochondriac pain due to stagnation of the Liver

This is characterized by a distending pain that could alternative between the right or left side of the
hypochondriac region, often related with emotional changes and associated with a stuffy chest, sighing, acid
regurgitation, easily irritated or angered, and poor sleep. The tongue is pale with a white thin coating, and
the pulse is tight and wiry.
Hypochondriac pain due to Invasion of Damp-Heat

In this case there will be a burning, painful sensation on the right side of the hypochondriac region that is
associated with a fever and aversion to cold, a bitter taste in the mouth, restlessness, and nausea and
vomiting with a reaction to greasy and oily food when the patient is having an acute flare up. The tongue is
red with a thick yellowish coating and the pulse is fast and wiry.
Hypochondriac pain due to Stagnation of Blood

This pattern is characterized by a fixed pain located on the side of hypochondriac region that has an injury
or history of chronic pain that is associated with a distending sensation and possible lumps in the
hypochondriac area. The tongue is dark or has black or purple dots and a thin white coating, and the pulse
is wiry or thin and choppy.
Hypochondriac pain due to Yin Deficiency

In this case there is a constant bloating pain or heaviness and swollen sensation that moves around the
hypochondriac area. It is usually aggravated by tiredness or changes in body position. There will be a pale
complexion, a malar flush, a low grader fever, spontaneous sweats, dizziness and vertigo, blurry vision and
heart palpitations. The tongue is red with little coating or less coating, and the pulse is thin and fast.
Hypochondriac pain due to stagnation of Liver

Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver and Move the Qi.
Point Prescription: BL-18, CV-16, LV-14, and GB-43.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-18 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and remove
the needle without retaining it. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into CV-16 and LV-14 with twisting even movement needle
technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into GB-43 with twisting reducing needle techniques. Retain all needles for 20
minutes.
Acid regurgitation: BL-21 and GB-34.
Poor sleep: HT-7 and An Mian.
235
Hypochondriac pain due to Invasion of Damp-Heat

Treatment Principle: Clear Heat and Resolve Dampness.
Point Prescription: LV-14, GB-24, TW-6, GB-34, and LV-3.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into TW-6 and GB-34 perpendicularly, with a lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique and 1 cun #30 needles into LV-14, GB-24, and LV-3 with a twisting even movement technique.
High fever: GV-14.
Nausea or vomiting: CV-12 and ST-36.
Restlessness: PC-4.
Hypochondriac pain due to Stagnation of Blood

Treatment Principle: Move the Blood, Regulate Qi and Release the pain.
Point Prescription: SP-21, GB-25, LV-2, BL-17, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert a 1 cun #30 needle into SP-21 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a Qi Ci needle technique and
wave the needle for a while without retaining it. Apply a fire cup for 2 minutes on SP-21 after taking out the needles.
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into BL-17 obliquely, towards the spinal column 0.8 to 1 cun deep with a twisting even
movement needle technique and apply moxa wool to the handle of needle for 3 cones.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into GB-25, LV-2, and SP-6 with a twisting needle technique.
Severe pain: LI-4, LV-3, and local injury Ah Shi points
Hypochondriac pain due to Yin Deficiency

Treatment Principle: Nourish the Yin and Blood and Release the pain.
Point Prescription: HT-6, BL-15, SP-10, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-15 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Apply a fire cup on BL-15 for 2 minutes after taking out the needles. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into HT-6, SP-10,
and SP-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Tidal fever: BL-43.
Dizziness: GV-20 with moxa-pole for 20 minutes.
236
Hypchondriac Pain
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Liver, Gallbladder, Shen Men, and Chest.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles into these points obliquely, at a 45-degree angle with a strong stimulation
technique on the diseased side. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Plum Blossom
Treatment area: Local Ah shi points (around the hypochondriac region on the painful side), and the mid-
back (near T-7 to T-9).
Apply a medium-level stimulation technique of a plum blossom needle on the local painful areas for 5
minutes, followed by a fire cup for 2 minutes after stimulation. Apply medium-level stimulation for 3
minutes on the middle back (near T-7 to T-9).
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Upper lateral line of the occipital, and the anterior line from the vertex to the temple.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these two zones transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with a fast
Moxibustion
Point: LV-13.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-13 for 14 cones. Or, apply moxa pole on LV-13 for 30
minutes.
Bloodletting
Point: Ah Shi points
Palpate to find areas of stagnation in the hypochondriac region, (tender points or lumps will be found
there). Apply bloodletting techniques on local Ah Shi points and take 1 or 2 drops of blood. Apply a fire
cup on the area for 1 minute.
237

For hypochondriac pain due to stagnation of Qi and Blood: TW-6. (Nei Jing)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into TW-6 (same side as the pain area) perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with the Bai
Hu Yao Tou—White Tiger shakes its Head technique. Retain the needle for 30 minutes.
For hypochondriac pain with chest pains: SP-21. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert a 1 cun #30 needle into SP-21 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun with the Qi Ci technique. Retain the needle
for 20 minutes and apply a fire cup after removing the needle.
For traveling pain in the hypochondriac and chest area: GB-30 and BL-67. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert a 3 cun #30 needle into GB-30 with a twisting reducing needle technique and a 0.5 cun #32 needle
into BL-67 with a twisting even movement technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
For distended and sharp pain in the hypochondriac and chest regions: SP-3 (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into SP-3 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Retain the needles for 30 minutes.
For hypochondriac pain due to stagnation of Qi and Heat: TW-10, PC-5, PC-7, ST-36, SP-3, GB-42, and GB-37.
(Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into TW-10, PC-5, PC-7, and SP-3 with a twisting even movement needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36, GB-42, and GB-37 with a reinforcing needle technique.
For hypochondriac pain with chest pain: LV-14, LV-13, GB-42, LV-2, and KI-1. (Zhen Jiu Zhai Yin Ji)
Insert a 1 cun #32 needles into KI-1 perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Apply moxa wool on the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-
13, LV-14, GB-42, and LV-2 with a twisting reducing needle technique.
For hypochondriac pain due to stagnation of Qi, influencing one’s ability to cough, speak, and move:
TW-6 and BL-40 (Yu Long Jing)
Insert a 1 cun #28 needle into BL-40 with a twisting technique and enlarge the acupuncture hole method in
order to release a few drops of blood after taking out the needles. Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into TW-6
with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
For hypochondriac pain due to stagnation of Liver Qi and Blood: BL-29, BL-17, GB-44, TW-4, and TW-19.
(Pu Ji Fang)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-29 and BL-17 with a reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool
on the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into GB-44, TW-19, and TW-4 with a
twisting reducing needle technique.
238
Hypchondriac Pain
For hypochondriac pain with deficiency of True Qi: CV-6, CV-4, LV-14, and GB-44. (Shen Yin Jing)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-14 and GB-44 for 11 cones, and apply indirect moxibustion
with Fu Zi (aconite) cake on CV-4 and CV-6 for 9 cones.
For hypochondriac pain due to deficiency of Liver Blood and stagnation of Qi: CV-13, LV-3, and LV-8. (Cai Ai Bian Yi)
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-13 obliquely at a 45 degree angle towards the painful area with a
twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-3 and LV-8 with a twisting reinforcing
For acute hypochondriac pain: BL-18, BL-20, and BL-52. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-18 and BL-20 with a lifting and thrusting even movement needle
technique and 1 cun #30 needles into BL-52 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all
For hypochondriac pain related to the lower back: BL-23. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones.
For severe hypochondriac pain traveling to the chest and upper epigastric region: SP-4, GB-34, LV-13, and GB-39.
(Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-34 and GB-39 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique,
and 1 cun #32 needles into SP-4 and LV-13 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For hypochondriac pain and difficulty lying down: BL-19 and LV-13. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into BL-19 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique and a 1.5 cun
#30 needle into LV-13 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes.
Apply a fire cup on LV-13 after removing the needles for 1 minute.
For hypochondriac pain worsened by cough: GB-44. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GB-44 for 7 cones.
For hypochondriac pain with shortness of breath and heart palpitations: LU-5 and SI-1. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into LU-5 with a twisting reducing needle technique and a 1 cun #32 needle
into SI-1 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For hypochondriac pain with fever: TW-6, GB-34, and GB-42. (Zhen Jiu Quan Shu)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-6 and GB-34 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with the Bai Hu Yao Tou—
White Tiger shakes its Head technique and 1 cun #32 needles into GB-42 with a twisting reducing needle
239
CASE ANALYSIS
A 40 year-old female patient had a main symptom of distending pain in the hypochondriac region and chest
for 3 months. Symptoms originally started after a severe argument with a neighbor. The pain was located on both
sides of the hypochondriac areas and moved to the chest, associated with belching, sighing, dizziness, a tendency
towards anger, restlessness, and poor sleep. The tongue was red with a thin white coating and the pulse was wiry.
Diagnosis: Hypochondriac pain due to stagnation of the Liver Qi.
Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver and Release the pain.
Point Prescription: Liv3, LV-14, GB-34, and TW-6.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into TW-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3 and LV-14 obliquely, at a 30 degree angle, with a twisting
reducing needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GB-34 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with the Long Hu
Jiao Zhan—Dragon and Tiger Battle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Result: After 1 treatment the pain had been reduced almost 70% with much less belching. After treating 3 times, all
symptoms were resolved.
EVALAUTION
Hypochondriac pain as a symptom commonly appears in association with liver and gall bladder disorders
and other diseases. Acupuncture and moxibustion is very effective, particularly in treating the pain originating from
Qi stagnation. However, because hypochondriac pain is only a symptom of other illnesses, the treatments for it do
not always get rid of the pain completely. In some severe cases, such as severe hepatitis or cancer, acupuncture is
useful only as a supplemental therapy to help reduce the pain, not in the treatment causing the hypochondriac pain.
240
Impotence
241
IMPOTENCE
This disorder can be attributed to a wide variety of causes, either physical or psychological. It can affect men
all over the world and is a disorder that can be treated in most cases. Impotence is defined as the inability to achieve
or maintain penile erection and is classified into two categories in Traditional Chinese medicine. In most cases
patients suffer symptoms of either a deficient or excess nature.
Emotional stimulation
Depression, anxiousness and other long-term unhealthy emotions will stagnate Liver Qi and damage the Yin
and Blood of both the Liver and the Kidney, causing impotence.
Damp-Heat
Damp-Heat accumulation usually occurs after improper food intake, or in cases of Spleen and Stomach
Deficiency, which transfer to the Lower Jiao and invade the Liver meridians.
Kidney Deficiency
Excessive sexual activity or over work will make the Kidney Qi and Yang deficient resulting in impotence.
DIAGNOSIS
Deficiency type
In this case there is impotence with an inability to achieve penile erection with occasional bouts of seminal
emission, dizziness, ringing ears, accompanied by heart palpitations, shortness of breath, pale complexion,
lassitude, weakness and sore sensations in the lower back and knees, chilliness, cold limbs, pale tongue, and
a thin weak pulse.
Excess type
In this case there is impotence with an inability to maintain penile erection, an odorous smell in the genital
region, swollen legs, yellowish or red urine accompanied by a burning sensation, a red tongue with a yellow
greasy coating, and a fast and slippery pulse.
Deficiency type of Impotence

Treatment Principle: Warm the Kidney Yang and Resolve the Impotence.
Point Prescription: BL-23, CV-4, KI-3, GV-4, and GV-20.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-23 and GV-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 5 cones. Insert 1.5 cun or 3 cun needles
into CV-4 perpendicularly, 1 to 2 cun deep with a moving Qi technique until the sensation of the needle travels
down to the penis, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needle for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-3
and GV-20 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
242
Impotence

Dizziness and vertigo: SP-6 and LV-8.
Backache: BL-32 and BL-52.
Insomnia: HT-7 and CV-15.
Frequent urination: SP-9 and TW-6.
Excess type of Impotence

Treatment Principle: Resolve Damp-Heat, Promote urination and Resolve the Impotence.
Point Prescription: CV-3, ST-28, SP-9, SP-6, BL-32, BL-54, and BL-40.
Technique: Insert 1.5 or 3 cun #30 needles into CV-3 and ST-28 perpendicularly, 1 to 2 cun deep with lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique until the sensation of the needle travels down to the tip of the penis. Insert 1.5
cun #32 needles into SP-9 and SP-6 with twisting reducing needle technique.
Insert 3 cun 30 # needles into BL-32 and BL-54 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-40 with twisting reducing needle technique.
Fever: LI-11, GV-14, and LV-3.
Spontaneous sweating: HT-6, ST-36, and BL-15.
Headache: LI-4, LV-3, and Yin Tang.
Moxibustion
Direct moxibustion: CV-4, SP-6, GV-4, and BL-23.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-4 and SP-6 for 11 cones, and on GV-4 and BL-23
for 7 cones to treat impotence due to Kidney Deficiency.
Indirect moxibustion: CV-4 and ST-28.
Apply indirect moxibustion with Fu Zi (aconite) cake on CV-4 and ST-28 for 5 cones to treat
impotence due to Kidney Deficiency.
Treat is once every other day for 7 to 10 treatments as a course.
Moxa-pole: CV-3, SP-9, and LV-3.
Apply moxa-pole on CV-3, SP-9, and LV-3 for 20 minutes to treat impotence due to Damp-Heat.
Treat once daily for 5 to 7 treatments as a course.
243
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Kidney, Liver, Heart, Shen Men, Sub cortex, and Brain.
Select 2 or 3 points from above for the use of each treatment. Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles into these
points obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with fast twisting technique. Retain all needles for 40
minutes.
For impotence due to Kidney Deficiency: GV-4, BL-23, CV-6, and KI-2. (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique, and apply
moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-4 for 9
cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-2 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique. Insert 1.5 or 2 cun #32 needle into CV-6 perpendicularly, with twisting even movement
needle technique until the Qi travels down to the penis and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needle
for 3 cones.
For impotence due to deficiency of Ming Men Fire: GV-20, BL-17, BL-20, BL-23, GV-4, GV-3, CV-4, and CV-3.
(Zhong Guo Zhen Jiu)
Apply moxa-pole on these points for 15 minutes.
For impotence due to Yang Deficiency: BL-23, CV-4, BL-18, SP-6, LV-3, CV-2, and KI-1. (Cai Ai Xin Bian)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-23, CV-4, BL-18, SP-6, and LV-3 for 3 cones, and then on
CV-2 for 7 cones, and finally on KI-1 for 5 cones.
For impotence due to stress: CV-4, SP-6, BL-18, BL-23, and ST-36. (Author’s Clinical Experience.)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-18 and BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32
needles into CV-4 and ST-36 with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes. Apply intradermal needles on SP-6.
For impotence due to Kidney Yang Deficiency: KI-10, SP-6, ST-30, CV-2, and BL-43. (Yu Long Jing)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-10 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and apply moxa wool on the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into
ST-30 and CV-2 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun
#30 needles into SP-6 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-43 for 9 cones.
For impotence with a painful sensation in the testicles: KI-2, LV-3, CV-7, and ST-29. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-2 and LV-3 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30
needles into ST-29 and CV-7 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique. Apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones.
244
Impotence
For impotence due to Damp-Heat: CV-3, SP-6, BL-22, BL-20, BL-32, and TW-5. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-5 and SP-6 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Insert a
3 cun #32 needle into CV-3 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique, and apply
moxa wool on the handle of needle for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-20 and BL-22 with
twisting even movement needle technique, and 3 cun #30 needles into BL-32 with twisting reducing needle
For impotence due to deficiency of Yang: KI-12, HT-7, SP-6, GV-20, BL-52, GV-4, BL-15, and BL-18.
(Tong Xuan Zhi Yao Fu)
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into HT-7 with twisting even movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32
needles into SP-6 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 60 degree angle towards SP-7 with lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique. Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into GV-20 transversely, 0.5 cun to 0.8 cun deep at
a 30 degree angle towards backwards with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles
into KI-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on
the handle of needles for 3 cones.
For impotence due to Damp-Heat: LV-4, KI-12, SP-9, and LI-11. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-4 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into
KI-12, SP-9, and LI-11with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
For impotence caused by stress: LI-5, TW-4, LV-4, CV-6, CV-17, BL-43, BL-45, and BL-52.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-5, TW-4, and LV-4 perpendicularly, with twisting reducing needle
technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun to 1.2 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-17 obliquely, 1 cun deep towards the CV-16
direction with twisting reducing needle technique.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-43, BL-45, and BL-52 for 8 cones.
For impotence due to deficiency and stagnation of the Qi: CV-4, SP-6, GV-4, and BL-28.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-6 perpendicularly 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique.
Insert a 3 cun #30 needle into CV-4 perpendicularly, 2 to 2.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique until the sensation of the needle travels to the tip of the penis. Apply moxa wool on the handle of
needle for 3 cones. Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-28 perpendicularly, 2 to 2.5 cun deep with twisting
even movement needle technique until the sensation of the needle travels away from the body, and a 1.5 cun
#32 needle into GV-4 perpendicularly, 0.8 to 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply
245
CASE ANALYSIS
A 28 year-old married male patient entered the clinic with a main complaint of impotence for 1 year. The
patient symptoms consisted of the absence of a morning erection, associated with dizziness, ringing in the ear, pale
complexion, lassitude, a weak and sore sensation in the low back and both legs, chilliness, and frequent urination.
The tongue was pale with a thin wet coating and the pulse was thin, deep, and weak.
Diagnosis: Impotence due to deficiency of the Ming-Men Fire (Kidney Yang Deficiency)
Treatment Principle: Warm the Kidney Yang.
Point Prescription: BL-23, GV-4, CV-4, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on
GV-4 for 9 cones. Insert a 3 cun #32 needle into CV-4 perpendicularly, 2 to 2.5 cun deep until the sensation of the
needle travels to the penis, and apply moxa wool on the handle of needle for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into
SP-6 perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Result: The body started to become warmer, and the patient began to have a morning erection for a bit after 7
treatments. All symptoms resolved totally after 2 courses of treatments and he and his wife conceived a boy 2 years
later.
EVALUATION
Impotence is usually caused by an overly active sexual life or chronic masturbation, which leads to Kidney
Qi Deficiency, or Liver and Heart Blood Deficiency. Some impotence cases are caused by injury to the brain, spinal
cord or sexual nerves.
Acupuncture and moxibustion is very effective for the treatment of functional impotence, and correct
diagnosis is very important before beginning any treatment because of its direct influence in selecting a correct point
prescription and needle technique. Meanwhile a healthy sexual life is important for patients as well, which means
sexual activity less than once a week for patients with Kidney Yang Deficiency. After impotence is improved,
continued treatment once a month with acupuncture and moxibustion is important to prevent any symptoms from
returning.
246
Insomnia
247
INSOMNIA
Insomnia refers to a major clinical case. Every year millions of people around the world suffer from
insomnia, a disorder characterized by inability to sleep, with fatigue, and restlessness. Although the symptoms are
usually universal in all patients, insomnia can vary greatly in severity. Some patients may only suffer for a night,
others for days if not weeks. In some severe cases, a patient may not even be able to sleep at all.
In Traditional Chinese Medicine, insomnia is viewed as being caused by an imbalance of Yin and Yang and
a disturbance of the Shen. This may take the form of a disharmony between the Heart Fire and Kidney Water, or a
Heart Blood Deficiency, or a Kidney Jing Deficiency, or Liver Fire with Damp stagnation by the Spleen. Some sleep
problems are caused by fever, cough, and pain. Treatment in that case should focus on the primary disease, with
insomnia acquiring only a supplemental treatment.
DIAGNOSIS
Deficiency of Heart and Spleen

Difficulty falling asleep with many dreams or nightmares, easily waking up with heart palpitations associated
with poor memory, spontaneous or night sweating, pale complexion, lassitude, a full sensation in the
epigastric region, and loose stool are all tell-tale signs of this condition. The tongue is pale with a thin white
coat, and the pulse is thin and weak.
Imbalance between Heart-Fire and Kidney-Water (Xin Shen Bu Jiao)

Difficulty falling asleep and very easily waking up, associated with restlessness, five heart heat, fear, night
sweating, dry throat and mouth, dizziness and ringing ear, poor memory, lassitude, a sore and weak
sensation in the low back and both legs are indications of this disharmony. The tongue is red with no coat,
and the pulse is thin and fast.
Disharmony of Stomach
Signs of this situation are difficulty falling asleep or superficial sleep associated with discomfort and bloating
in the epigastric region, even vomiting with phlegm, dizziness, and vertigo. The tongue is red with a yellow
thick coat, and the pulse is slippery.
Liver fire Rising

Difficulty falling asleep and easily waking up associated with headache, tendency to anger, restlessness, red
eyes and ringing ears, and a bitter taste in the mouth are typical indications. The tongue is red with a thin
yellow coat and the pulse is wiry and fast.
248
Insomnia
Deficiency of Heart and Spleen

Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Qi and Nourish the Blood.
Point Prescription: BL-20, BL-15, HT-7, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-20 and BL-15 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handles of needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into HT-7
and SP-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Nightmares: BL-42 and BL-43.
Poor memory: BL-52 and GV-20 with a moxa pole for 20 minutes
Imbalance between Heart-Fire and Kidney-Water

Treatment Principle: Nourish the Yin and Subdue the Fire.
Point Prescription: PC-7, KI-3, HT-7, and LV-3.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-7 and HT-7 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun
#32 needles into KI-3 and LV-3 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, or apply moxa wool on the handles of
Dizziness and vertigo: GB-20.
Ringing ear: SI-19.
Seminal emission: BL-52.
Disharmony of Stomach
Treatment Principle: Harmonize the Stomach and Resolve the Phlegm.
Point Prescription: CV-12, ST-40, ST-45, and SP-1.
Technique: Apply bloodletting techniques on ST-45 and SP-1. Then insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-12
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-40 with a
Nausea and vomiting: PC-6.
Dizziness: Yin Tang and LI-4.
249
Liver Fire Rising

Treatment Principle: Sooth the Liver and Subdue the Fire.
Point Prescription: LV-2, GB-45, GB-20, and HT-7.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-20 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep towards the nose with a lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique without retaining and then insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-2 and HT-7 with a
twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Apply a bloodletting technique on GB-
45 before the treatment is over.
Ringing ear: TW-17 and TW-3.
Headache and red eyes: Tai Yang and TW-4.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Sub cortex, Heart, and Spleen, Brain point, and Endocrine.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 ear needles into these points obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 45-degree angle with fast
twisting needle technique until a heat sensation is produced in the ear. Retain all needles for 40 minutes. Or
apply press-balls on these points as a supplemental treatment, and retain them for 3 days.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zone: Middle line and Lateral line 1 of the vertex, Lateral line 3 of the forehead, and Anterior line
of the temple.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into these lines transversely, 0.8 cun deep with fast twisting needle technique.
Moxibustion
Moxa pole: GV-20 and KI-1.
Apply moxa pole on GV-20 and KI-1 for 20 minutes before going to bed.
Moxa cone: LV-3, KI-2, and HT-7.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-3, KI-2, and HT-7 for 6 cones.
Foot Acupuncture
Points: Nei Tai Cong, Heart, and Kidney.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique, and apply moxa pole on the side for 15 minutes.
250
Insomnia
Cupping
Treatment area: Back and CV-12.
Apply cups on BL-15, BL-43, BL-23, GV-4, and CV-12 and retain all cups for 3 minutes, or apply moving
cups on the back and move it up and down along BL meridian.
TRADITIONAL PRESCRIPITONS AND TECHNIQUES
For insomnia with difficulty falling asleep: GV-24, CV-5, and ST-27. (Zhen Jiu Xue Jian Bian)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-24 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30 degree angle towards the back with a
twisting even movement needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-5 and ST-27 perpendicularly,
1.2 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For insomnia with light sleep: SP-4. (Zhen Jiu Xue Jian Bian)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-4, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and
apply moxa wool on the handles of needles for 2 cones.
For insomnia due to a Heat sensation in the chest: KI-1. (Zhen Jiu Xue Jian Bian)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-1 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and apply moxa wool on the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
For insomnia due to fright: CV-5. (Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing)
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-5 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needle for 3 cones.
For insomnia and easily waking up: BL-38. (Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-38 with a twisting reducing needle technique, and apply moxa pole on the
side for 20 minutes.
For insomnia with heart palpitations and poor memory: PC-6, TW-2, BL-43, ST-41, and HT-7. (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into TW-2 and HT-7 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting even movement
needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on PC-6, ST-41, and BL-43 for 9 cones.
For insomnia due to insufficient Heart Blood: CV-12, CV-6, SP-6, GV-20, and HT-5. (Zhen Jiu Xue Jian Bian)
Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into GV-20 obliquely at a 45-degree angle, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-12 and CV-6 with a twisting even
movement needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-6 and HT-5 with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique.
251
For insomnia due to interior Fire with a burning sensation in the chest: HT-5, PC-6, and SP-6. (Zhen Jiu Xue Jian Bian)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into HT-5 and PC-6 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain
For insomnia: ST-30, LV-13, SP-1, LU-3, BL-13, GV-14, SP-6, and SP-9. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-30, SP-9, and SP-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-13 and LU-3 with a twisting reducing needle
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique and 1 cun #30 needles into BL-13 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting even movement
needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on SP-1 for 9 cones.
For insomnia due to Blood Deficiency and stagnation of Liver Qi: BL-45 and CV-5. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-45 for 9 cones and on CV-5 for 5 cones.
For insomnia: HT-7, BL-15, and SP-6. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-15 perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique, and remove the needles after the Qi travels. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into
HT-7 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle technique and 1.5 cun #32
needles into SP-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique.
For insomnia due to Liver Yang Rising: GV-14, GB-20, HT-7, and LV-3. (Zhen Jiu Pei Xue Liao Fa)
Insert a 1.5 cun #32needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a rubbing needle technique (rub
the needle counter clockwise) until the sensation of the needle travels. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GB-
20 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep towards the direction of the nose with a twisting reducing needle technique.
Insert a 1 cun #32 needles into HT-7 with a twisting even movement needle technique, and insert a 1 cun
#30 needle into LV-3 with a twisting reducing needle technique.
Treat once every other day in the afternoon for 5 treatments as a course.
For insomnia: Tip of ear, Shen Men, Heart, Liver, Spleen, and Sub cortex. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Select one ear only, rub the tip of the ear until it looks red and apply a bloodletting technique on it to
squeeze out 2 to 3 drops of blood. Apply press-balls on the other points.
Treat twice a week (switch ears each treatment) for 4 treatments as a course.
For insomnia due to Liver Fire: LV-2, GB-34, LV-13, and GV-20. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into LV-2 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needle for 2 cones. Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into
GB-34 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique and a 1 cun #32
needle into LV-13 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-20
with a lifting Qi technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
252
Insomnia
For insomnia due to Yin Deficiency: HT-4, KI-1, CV-14, and BL-23. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into HT-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique
and 1 cun #32 needles into KI-1 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into BL-23 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique.
Retain all needles for 30 minutes, and apply moxa pole on KI-1 for 15 minutes.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 35 year-old female patient has had the main symptom of insomnia for 2 years with difficulty falling asleep
and easily waking up, which has intensified the last month to the point of not even sleeping over night, associated
with a headache, lassitude, hot flashes, and heart palpitations. The tongue was red with little coating, and the pulse
was thin and fast.
Diagnosis: Insomnia due to Yin Deficiency.
Treatment Principle: Nourish the Yin and Subdue the Fire.
Point Prescription: KI-6, HT-7, Ying Tang, BL-15, and BL-23.
Technique: Insert a 1 cun #30 needle into BL-15 perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with twisting and lifting and
thrusting reducing needle techniques and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into BL-23 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing
Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into KI-6 slowly (which means putting the needle on the point and slowly twisting and
pressing the needle into the point, taking nearly 2 minutes), 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into HT-7 and Yin Tang with twisting even movement needle techniques.
Result: After 2 treatments, the patient was able to sleep over 4 hours at night, but would still wake up and have
difficulty falling back asleep. After 2 courses of treatments all the symptoms disappeared.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective for treating any type of insomnia in combination with
other symptoms. It can regulate the functioning of the organs, balance Yin and Yang, harmonize Wei Qi and Ying
Qi and calm the Shen.
There are critical principles in treating insomnia clinically. Most of the time, the treatment will focus on the
reason causing the insomnia—the root treatment. Point prescriptions will most frequently consider two angles, one
for the root and another to calm the mind. It is best to treat the patient in the afternoon between three and seven
o’clock. Sometimes, acupuncture and moxibustion will be a supplemental therapy when the insomnia is secondary to
another disease, for example: cancer pain, severe infection, severe injury, etc.
253
LIN SYNDROME—STRANGURIA
Lin syndrome or stranguria refers to irregular urination that is slow and painful. In TCM it is usually caused
by urinary tract infections, kidney stones or dysfunction of the organs. Dysfunctions of the urinary tract organs such
as Kidney and Urinary Bladder Qi Deficiency or Spleen and Kidney Deficiency may be a major cause. Frequent
scanty urination with burning, pain, or distension in the genital area during urination is the main symptom, and is
included some western medicine diseases, such as acute cystitis, acute pyelonephritis, and chronic pyelonephritis.
Damp-Heat
Both a Damp-Heat Invasion or Damp-Heat produced by a Spleen Deficiency can impact the Urinary
Bladder, causing Lin syndrome with Heat and a burning sensation.
Kidney and Spleen Deficiency

A deficiency of the Kidney and the Spleen fails in transforming the essence of the food and water, resulting
in cloudy, unclean urine.
Most of the time, this will happen in older people. Deficiency of the Kidney Qi makes it hard to move and
pass the urine, causing urinary incontinence.
Interior Heat
Long-term accumulation of heat will burn or damage the blood Luo meridians, causing urination with pain
and bleeding.
DIAGNOSIS
Stranguria with Heat

Symptoms include uneven and frequent urination that is yellowish in color with a scanty amount of fluid,
burning sensations upon urination, lower abdominal bloating and distention, a red tongue with a greasy
yellow coating and a floating and fast pulse. Fever and aversion to cold, bitter taste, and constipation may
occur in some cases.
Stranguria with Stones (Uropsammus)

This manifests as acute pain in the urinary tract and lower abdomen upon urination. The flow of the urine
may be interrupted, depending upon positional changes of the body, with a yellowish or red urinary color,
and white or yellow tongue coating and a wiry and tight pulse. If the stone is located in the upper urinary
tract, the patient might present with severe lower back or abdominal pain, a pale complexion, nausea,
vomiting and cold sweats.
Stranguria with Blood (Hematuria)

This is acute, frequent, red urination with sensations of heat and burning pain, lower abdominal bloating
and distention, a red tongue with a yellow greasy coating and a thin and fast pulse.
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Lin Syndrome—Stranguria
Stranguria with Qi Stagnation (Urinary Incontinence)

Symptoms include distension and bloating in the genital region, difficulty in emptying the urinary bladder or
intermittent urinary flow with symptoms of Qi deficiency (such as lassitude, low energy, shortness of breath
that is aggravated by activity, a pale tongue and a thin and weak pulse).
Stranguria with Cloudy and Turbid Urine (Galacturia)

This syndrome is described as cloudy and turbid urine mixed with blood or clots and associated with
uneven urination, a dry mouth, a red tongue with a greasy white coating and a floating and weak pulse.
Treatment Principle: Regulate the Urinary Bladder Qi, Clear Heat and Promote urination and Reduce pain.
Point Prescription: BL-28, CV-3, SP-9, LV-3, and KI-3.
Technique: Insert 1.5 or 2 cun #30 needles into BL-28 with a lifting and thrusting even movement needle technique,
and retain the needles for 10 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-3 and SP-9 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3 and KI-3 with a twisting even movement needle technique.
Fever: LI-4 and TW-5.
Urinary stones: BL-39 and KI-2.
Blood in the urine: SP-10 and SP-6.
Deficiency with difficulty emptying the Bladder: CV-6 and ST-28 with moxibustion.
Cloudy and Turbid Urine (Galacturia): BL-24 and GV-20 with moxibustion.
Electro-acupuncture
Points: BL-23 and SP-6.
(For any kind of painful urination, or with stones)
Apply Electro-acupuncture with slow-fast waves with the negative side (black color) connecting to BL-23
and the positive side to SP-6 for 20 minutes to treat any kind of painful urination with stones.
255
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Urinary Bladder, Kidney, Occipital, and Sympathetic.
Insert 0.5 cun ear needles in these points with a twisting even movement needle technique.
Or, apply press-ball to these points, pressing each point 1 to 2 minutes each time, 5 times daily. It is better
to press them 20 minutes after drinking near 250cc of water. Retain the balls in the ear for 3 days.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Middle line and Lateral line 1 of the vertex, and Lateral line 3 of the forehead.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these lines transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with a lifting the Qi
technique. Retain all needles for 30 to 40 minutes.
Bloodletting
Treatment points: BL-40, BL-67, and KI-4.
Used for painful urination with Heat.
To treat painful urination with Heat, look for purple veins near these points, and apply a bloodletting
technique and expel 2 drops of blood from each point.
Moxibustion
(For Qi or Yang Deficiency)
Direct moxibustion: CV-4, SP-4, BL-32, and GV-4.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-4 and SP-4 for 7 cones, and BL-32 and GV-4 for 9
cones.
Indirect moxibustion: CV-8, ST-28, and CV-3.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-8, ST-28, and CV-3 for 3 cones.
Moxa pole: GV-20, SP-6, and CV-3.
Apply moxa-pole on GV-20 for 15 minutes and on SP-6 and CV-3 for 20 minutes.
256
For stranguria with Heat: CV-4 and ST-30. (Dong Yuan Shi Shu)
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-4 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-30 with a twisting even movement needle
For stranguria with Heat: KI-7 and CV-3. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into KI-7 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting even
movement needle technique and a 2 cun #30 needle into CV-3 with a twisting reducing needle technique.
For stranguria with bleeding: BL-32. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-32 obliquely towards the front of the genitals, 2 cun deep with a twisting
reducing needle technique or with Electro-stimulation for 20 minutes.
For blood in the urine with pain: KI-6, KI-10, KI-1, and SP-6. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-1 obliquely towards LV-3 with a twisting even movement needle
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles
into KI-10 and SP-6 with a twisting even movement technique.
For urinary incontinence: KI-8, KI-1, CV-5, and GB-34. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into KI-8 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique and 1 cun #32 needles into KI-1 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30
needles into CV-5 and GB-34 with a twisting even movement needle technique.
For stranguria with stones: CV-4 and LV-1. (Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-4 and LV-1 for 7 cones.
Treat once daily 30 cones as a course.
For stranguria: LU-7, LV-4, BL-17, BL-19, BL-20, BL-23, and CV-6. (Shen Jiu Jin Lun)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-17, BL-19, BL-20, and BL-23 for 5 cones and on LU-7, LV-4
and CV-6 for 7 cones.
257
For stranguria: KI-7, BL-39, LV-1, ST-30, LV-4, GV-1, BL-28, CV-3, KI-2, LV-3, SP-11, BL-52, BL-33, CV-6,
and ST-36. (Zhen Jiu Zhi Zhi)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into KI-7, ST-36, CV-6, LV-3, ST-30, and SP-11 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep
with a twisting even movement needle technique and a 1 cun #32 needles into GV-1 perpendicularly, 0.8
cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-4 and KI-2 with a twisting reducing needle technique.
Insert a 3 cun #32 needle into CV-3 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique,
and apply moxibustion to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-39, BL-52, BL-33, and BL-28 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a
lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all the needles for 10 minutes.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-1 for 7 cones.
For stranguria: KI-10, CV-4, SP-6, and SP-9. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-10 and SP-6 with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32
needles into CV-4 and SP-9 with a lifting and thrusting even movement needle technique.
For stranguria with Heat: ST-25, CV-4, CV-12, LV-1, SP-6, and BL-40. (Yi Xue Gang Yao)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-25, CV-4, and CV-12 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain
the needles for 20 minutes. After removing all of the needles, apply a bloodletting technique on LV-1, SP-6
and BL-40.
For stranguria with a Blood and Qi Deficiency: BL-17, BL-19, BL-20, BL-23, CV-6, CV-4, LV-1, PC-5, SP-10, KI-7.
(Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-17, BL-19, BL-20, and BL-23 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun to 0.8 cun deep
with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-6 and CV-4 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1.5 cun
#32 needles into PC-5, KI-7, and SP-10 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for
20 minutes. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-1 for 5 cones.
For stranguria with incontinence, Kidney Qi Deficiency, pain that travels to ST-30, and that is aggravated with exhaustion or after
sexual activity: SP-6, BL-23, and KI-11. (Zhen Jiu Bian Yi)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 to 5 cones. Insert 1.5
cun #30 needles SP-6 and KI-11 obliquely upward, 1 cun deep at a 60-degree angle, with a twisting even
movement technique. Retain all the needles for 30 minutes.
For stranguria with stone: CV-4, KI-13, LV-1, and SP-6. (Zhen Jiu Bian Yi)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-4, KI-13 and LV-1 for 7 to 9 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32
needles into SP-6 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain the needles for 20 minutes.
258
For stranguria with blood: KI-7, CV-4, and BL-32. (Zhen Jiu Da Chuan)
Insert 1.5 to 3 cun #30 needles into BL-32 obliquely towards the genitals, 1 to 2 cun deep with a twisting
reducing needle technique, retain the needles for 30 minutes or use an Electro-stimulation machine for 20
minutes on slow-fast waves. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into KI-7 and CV-4 with a lifting and thrusting
For stranguria after bleeding has stopped but with a continuing painful sensation in the genital region: KI-6, KI-10, and SP-6.
(Zhen Jiu Da Chuan)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into KI-6, KI-10, and SP-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply
moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 5 cones.
For urination with a burning sensation: KI-7.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into KI-7 obliquely towards SP-9, 1 to 1.2 cun deep at a 60-degree angle, with a
lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain needles for 30 minutes.
For a burning and bloated sensation in the lower abdominal region with difficulty urinating: ST-30.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles in ST-30 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
For stranguria with dribbling and difficulty emptying the bladder: Wai Huai Jian (an extra point located on the outermost tip
of the lateral malleolus) SP-9, and KI-13. (Shen Yin Jing)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on Wai Huai Jian for 9 to 11 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into
SP-9 and KI-13 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all the needles for 20 minutes.
For stranguria with bloating in the lower abdomen and difficulty passing urine: CV-8. (Dan Xi Xin Fa)
Apply indirect moxibustion with warm salt (warm the salt before using it) on CV-8 for 7 cones.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 35 year-old male patient had a main complaint of left, sharp lower back sharp pain, which traveled down
the leg for 1 day. He felt pain during urination, had a pale complexion, spontaneous sweats, nausea and difficulty
sitting and standing. His tongue was red with a white coating and his pulse was tight and wiry.
Diagnosis: Upper Urinary Tract Stone
Treatment Principle: Reduce the pain and Promote urination.
Point Prescription: Ear Acupuncture: Kidney and Abdomen.
Technique: Insert 0.5 cun ear needles into the Kidney and Abdomen obliquely, 0.4 cun deep at a 45-degree angle with
a fast twisting needle technique, and retain the needles for 1 hour.
Result: After 10 minutes of retaining the needles, the patient felt distention and numbness in the left lower back and
lower abdominal regions, and the radiating painful sensation was gone after 20 minutes. All pain was gone after 40
minutes. It took one treatment only.
259
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion is fairly effective in treating stranguria, particularly for acute infectious
diseases (such as acute cystitis, acute pyelonephritis, or fungal infections). It is very effective for treating pain during
urination with chronic prostatitis and chronic pyelonephritis. If the kidney stones are large with a diameter greater
than 1.5 cm, acupuncture will be useful only as a supplemental therapy. A correct diagnosis, with correct needling
techniques, is very important before and during the treatment. It will directly influence the effect of the acupuncture.
260
Low Back Pain
261
LOW BACK PAIN

External injury and internal injury are two main reasons for lower back pain in TCM. External injury refers
to any trauma, accident, or External Invasion of the meridians that will lead to stagnation of Blood and Qi in the
local meridians, collaterals, muscles, and tendons. Internal injury means low back pain due to internal causes, such as
Kidney Deficiency, which fails in nourishing the back, urinary stones, or Blood Stagnation in the Intestines or other
organs.
Cold-Damp Invasion
External Cold-Damp invades the meridians of the back when a patient sweats or stays in a damp
environment for a long period of time.
Back Injury
Low back pain due to any kind of physical movement, sprain of the back muscles, tendons and/or
meridians, leading to stagnation of Blood and Qi.
Kidney Deficiency
In Traditional Chinese Medicine, the low back is the house of the Kidney and that is why any kind of
Kidney problem will cause low back pain, particularly in Kidney Jing Deficiency, Qi Deficiency or even
Kidney Yin and Yang Deficiency. This pattern is common in senior citizens with a Kidney Deficient history.
DIAGNOSIS
Cold-Damp Invasion
Symptoms of lower back pain due to this pattern include soreness and a heavy and tender sensation in the
low back with inability to bend or move. Sometimes the pain may travel down to the hip, buttocks, and
popliteal fossa. The pain will be aggravated by weather changes, with a swollen tongue and a white greasy
coat, along with a deep and weak pulse.
Kidney Deficiency
Long-time or chronic lower back pain is usually the hallmark sign of Kidney Deficiency syndrome.
Lassitude, a cold sensation in the four extremities, impotence, pale tongue with white coating, and a deep,
thin and weak pulse indicated Kidney Yang Deficiency syndrome. Long-time or chronic low back pain with
restlessness, Interior Heat, yellowish urine, and a red cracked tongue without coating, thin and rapid pulse
indicated Kidney Yin Deficiency syndrome.
Back Injury
In this case, patients will usually have a history of a fixed sharp pain; inability to move the back, and pain
that is aggravated by tiredness or low energy. There may be purple veins near the BL-40 area and the tongue
will have black or purple dots. The pulse is wiry or choppy.
262
Low Back Pain
Cold-Damp Invasion
Treatment Principle: Expel the Cold and Resolve the Damp, and Warm the meridians.
Point Prescription: GV-3, BL-23, BL-40, and BL-10.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-3 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with the Long Hu Jiao Zhan—
Dragon and Tiger Battle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needle for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun
#32 needles into BL-10 and BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting even movement technique,
and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones. Apply bloodletting on BL-40 after finishing all the points
in the treatment.
Severe back pain: BL-62 and BL-37.
With Cold and Damp Invasion: BL-10 and LU-5.
Kidney Deficiency
Treatment Principle: Reinforcing the Kidney Yin or Yang and Relieve the pain.
Point Prescription: GV-4, BL-52, KI-3, and CV-6.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-6 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into KI-3 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool on the
handle of needles for 2 cones. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-4 with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and
apply indirect moxibustion with Fu Zi (aconite) cake on BL-52 for 3 cones.
Insomnia: BL-15 and HT-7.
Impotence: CV-4, SP-6, and BL-23.
Kidney Yang Deficiency: Use reinforcing needle technique and moxibustion.
Kidney Yin Deficiency: Use reinforcing needle technique without moxibustion when the patient has low-
grade fever or Interior Heat.
Injury (Blood Stagnation)

Treatment Principle: Resolve the Blood Stasis, Move the Qi, and Relieve the pain.
Point Prescription: BL-17, BL-32, Ah Shi, GV-26, and SI-3.
Technique: Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into GV-26 obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 60-degree angle towards the nose with
twisting even movement needle technique for 1 minute, and then 1 cun #32 needles into SI-3 with twisting reducing
needle technique. Meanwhile let patient move the back for a while until the symptoms are reduced. Insert 1.5 cun
#30 needles into Ah Shi points with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and apply a fire cup on it after
removing the needles. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-17 and BL-32 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Severe pain: bloodletting technique on the BL-40.
Blood Deficiency: SP-6 and SP-10.
263
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Shen Men, Sub cortex, Spinal column, Thigh, Back, Kidney, Liver, Heart, and Helix.
Select 3 points from the above in each treatment, inserting 0.5 cun #32 needles into theses points obliquely,
0.3 cun deep at a 45-degree angle, with fast twisting needle technique for 2 minutes. Retain all needles for 40
minutes. It is better for the patient to perform back movement during the retainment of the needles.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Upper Middle Line and Upper Lateral Line of the occiput, Middle Line and Lateral Line 1
of the vertex, and the Anterior Oblique Line from the vertex to the temple.
Select 3 treatment lines from above in each treatment, inserting 1.5 cun #30 needles into these lines
transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle, with lifting Qi technique for acute injury and fast twisting
needle technique for chronic injury. Retain all needles for 1 hour.
Hand Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Back pain point and Spinal column.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into the Back Pain point perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep with twisting
reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #34 needles into the Spinal column points with twisting even
Foot Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Inner Tai Cong and Kidney,
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique. Or apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on these points for 7 cones.

Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these areas transversely, 1.2 cun deep at a 15-degree angle, with slow
insertion technique and adjust to prevent any sensation of the needle.
Nose Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Shan Gen, Kidney, and Lung.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 needles perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique.
264
Low Back Pain
Moxibustion
Points: GV-4, BL-23, CV-6, BL-62, BL-11, CV-4, GV-20, and Ah Shi.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-4, BL-23, CV-6, BL-62, and BL-11 for 7 cones.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger or Fu Zi (aconite) cake on CV-4, GV-4, Shi Qi Zhui Xia,
and Ah Shi point(s) for 3 cones.
Moxa pole
Apply moxa-pole on GV-20 and the Ah Shi for 15 minutes. Or apply the Lei Huo Zhen—one kind
of big moxa pole with herbs inside) on the Ah Shi points for 7 cones.
Cupping
Apply fire cups on BL-25, Shi Qi Zhui Xia, and BL-23 and retain them for 5 minutes. Or apply a fire-
moving cup on the back and move up and down along BL and GV meridians for 5 minutes, retaining the
cup on the Ah Shi point for 3 minutes.
Apply several water cups on the back along BL meridian (boiling several bamboo cups in the big pot with
the following herbs: Chuan Wu, Cao Wu, Fang Feng, Hong Hua, Du Huo, Qiang Huo, Hai Feng Teng, and
Hu Zhang). Retain the cups until they fall when cooling off.
Treat once daily for 2 treatments as a course, or use with other technique together.
Bloodletting
Point: BL-40, PC-3, GV-3, and Ah Shi.
Select one of these points and local Ah Shi points and apply bloodletting to squeeze 2 drop of blood.
Apply a Pi Zhen—one of the ancient 9 needles or a Feng Zhen—another of the ancient 9 needles, called
three edged needle on the Ah Shi point, to make several drops of blood come out and add a fire cup on it.
Retain the cup for 2 minutes.
Treat once every other day for 2 treatments as a course, or use with other technique together.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Sacrum, BL-40, LU-5, BL-18, and ST-5.
Apply Gua Sha on these areas with medium-level stimulation, until Sha appears. (purple or black dots)
265
For low back pain by injury: LU-5, LI-11, LI-4, LI-10, SP-9, LV-3, ST-36, CV-5, and BL-40. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LU-5 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, scraping the handle of needles for 3 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-11, LI-
10, SP-9, ST-36, CV-5, and LI-4 with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes.
BL-40 will be used when the patient has deficiency of Qi and Blood.
For low back pain by injury: GB-41, BL-23, BL-40, and GV-6. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Apply bloodletting technique on BL-40 (have the patient stand facing a wall with their hands braced on the
wall, heels lifted up slightly) in order to expel 2 or 3 drops of blood. After finishing the bloodletting, have
the patient lie down on the treatment table and insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-23 and GV-6 with twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Then insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-41 with twisting reducing needle
technique as well. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For low back pain due to stagnation of Blood: BL-40 and BL-23. (Dan Xi Xin Fa)
Apply bloodletting on BL-40 (looking for purple floating veins near the point) for few drops of blood.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on BL-23 for 5 cones.
For low back pain with Kidney Deficiency: GV-6 and BL-23. (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-6 BL-23 for 7 cones.
For low back pain due to injury: LU-5, BL-40, GV-26, GB-34, BL-64, BL-62, and BL-34. (Yi Xue Gang Mu)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LU-5 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and a 1 cun #34
needle into GV-26 obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 60-degree angle towards the nose.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-40, BL-64, and BL-62 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5
cun #30 needles into GB-34 and BL-34 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all
For low back pain with Blood Stagnation: BL-40, BL-23, and BL-62. (Zhen Jiu Ju Ying)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-23 and BL-62 for 7 cones, and apply bloodletting on BL-40.
For low back pain due to Kidney Deficiency: BL-23, BL-29, and GV-2. (Wei Shen Bao Jian)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-23, BL-29, and GV-2 for 9 cones.
For low back pain due to stagnation of Qi and Blood:
GB-21, GB-30, ST-33, ST-36, BL-40, BL-57, GB-38, BL-62, BL-23, and GV-2 (Zhen Jiu Ju Ying)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-57, GB-38, and BL-62 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5
cun #32 needles into BL-23 and GV-2 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on GB-21, GB-30, ST-33, ST-36, and BL-40 for 3 cones.
266
Low Back Pain
For low back pain due to Deficiency of the Kidney: KI-7. (Tian Yuan Tai Yi Ge)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into KI-7 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with the Zi Wu Dao Jiu—one of the
combined needle techniques and retain the needles for 20 minutes.
For low back pain due to Deficiency of the Kidney: BL-23, BL-40, KI-3, and BL-30. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-23 and KI-3 with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32
needles into BL-30 with lifting and thrusting even movement needle technique. Apply moxa-pole on BL-40
for 15 minutes.
The following prescriptions are from the Yi Xue Gang Mu.

For low back pain that suddenly gets worse, where the patient can’t move: BL-62.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-62 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep at a 60-degree angle upward with twisting
reducing needle technique. Retain needles for 20 minutes.
For low back pain with stiffness in spinal column: BL-23 and GV-4.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-23 and GV-4 for 9 cones.
For low back pain located in the interior of the spinal column: BL-52 and LV-2.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-2 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique. Apply moxa-pole on BL-52 for 15 minutes.
For low back pain that travels to the upper back: LI-4.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique.
For low back pain that travels to the lower body: BL-62 and KI-7.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into KI-7 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique,
and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-62 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
For severe low back pain in the whole low back area: GB-40, LI-4, and BL-62.
Inset 1 cun #32 needles into GB-40, BL-62, and LI-4 with twisting reducing needle technique.
Treat one or twice a week for 5 treatments as a course for all of the above.
The following prescriptions are from the Qian Jin Fang.

For low back pain with stiff muscles: GV-11, GV-6, GV-2, GV-1, BL-11, BL-17, CV-9, BL-20, BL-26, and BL-27.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into GV-11, GV-6, GV-2, and GV-1 perpendicularly with twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-11, BL-17, BL-20, BL-26, and BL-27 with twisting even
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-9 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of needle for 3 cones.
For low back pain and aversion to cold: BL-34, BL-53, and BL-39.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-34, BL-53, and BL-39 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting
reducing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 2 cones.
267
For low back pain with a stiff and tender sensation in the interior of the spinal column: BL-52 and BL-63.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-63 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun to 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique, and apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-52 for 7 cones.
The following prescriptions are from the Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing.
For low back pain due to Cold-Damp: GV-2, BL-26, ST-30, BL-31, BL-34, and GB-29.
Insert a 1 cun #30 needle into GV-2 with twisting reducing needle technique and take it out when a heavy
or heat sensation is produced. Then apply a fire cup there for 2 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-26, BL-31, and BL-34 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 3
cun #30 needles into GB-29 with twisting even movement needle technique.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-30 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
For low back pain with inability to move: ST-36, ST-33, GB-38, and LV-5.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36, ST-33, and GB-38 with lifting and thrusting even movement needle
technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-5 transversely, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
Treat one daily 2 treatments as a course.
For low back pain due to stagnation of Qi: LU-5.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-5 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.5 cun deep with twisting, lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique. Continue the needle technique every 5 minutes during the 30 minutes of
retainment.
Treatment can be performed with other points at the same time as well.
For low back pain with muscle weakness and lassitude: GB-20.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into GB-20 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique.
Treatment may be performed with other points at the same time as well.
For low back pain due to injury: LV-13, BL-40, and BL-62. (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Apply bloodletting technique on BL-40 to make 2 drops of blood come out. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into
LV-13 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain needles for 20 minutes.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-62 for 7 cones.
For low back pain with deficiency of the Kidney: GV-2 and CV-6. (Zhen Jiu Zhai Ying Ji)
Apply indirect moxibustion with Fu Zi (aconite) cake on CV-6 for 5 cones, as well as a moxa-pole on GV-2
for 15 minutes.
For acute low back injury: GV-26. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Let the patient sit on the desk and hang the feet without any support on the back. Insert a 1 cun #32
needle into GV-26 obliquely, towards the nose at a 60 degree angle with Que Zuo—Sparrow Pecking
technique. Meanwhile encourage the patient to do back movement during the 5 minutes the needle is
retained.
Treat only once when there is acute pain or add with another prescription.
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Low Back Pain
For acute low back injury: LU-5 and GB-34. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Let the patient sit on a desk and hang the feet without any support on the back. Insert a 3 cun #30 needle
into GB-34 (injured sided only) perpendicularly, 2 cun deep towards the SP-9 direction, until a radiating
sensation appears, helping the patient move the back (back and forth).
Retain the needle for 3 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-5 (patient sitting in a chair) perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique and retain the needles for 20 minutes.
Treat only once during the acute phase, or with another prescription.
For acute low back injury: BL-1. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-1 perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
Treat only once during the acute phase, or with another therapy.
CASE ANALYSIS
A female patient who was 35 years old, entered the clinic with a main complaint of low back pain for 2 days,
caused by carrying a baby. She could not move and was only able to take some medicine to decrease the pain. The
pain was severe and the patient refused to do any exam that required movement. The pulse was wiry and fast and
the tip of the tongue was red with a thick white coating.
Diagnosis: Back pain due to injury.
Treatment Principle: Move the stagnation of Qi and Release the pain.
Point Prescription: Scalp acupuncture (Upper middle line of occiput) to Release the pain and Move the Qi.
Technique: Palpate the back of the head near the occipital area along the line and find Ah Shi points. Insert 1.5 cun
#30 needles transversely, 1 to 1.2 cun deep at a 35-degree angle, downwards with a lifting Qi technique for 3
minutes. Then ask the patient to start moving the injured area.
Result: After 3 minutes of needle technique, the pain was reduced immediately and upon removal of the needle after
40 minutes, the pain had completely disappeared. The next day the patient called back to say that no pain or even
any discomfort had returned.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective for treating low back pain symptoms in both acute and
chronic types. For some internal injury, the treatment will focus on the primary cause, which is usually the reason for
the pain, not the treatment of the low back itself. For example, when low back pain is caused by a kidney stone, the
treatment should involve more points along the Spleen and Kidney meridians and not just on the local low back
area.
On the other hand a correct diagnosis and needle technique will help the practitioner select the best point
prescription and increase the effect of the treatment, and will also avoid misdiagnosis because some severe diseases
require acupuncture with other therapies, such as cancer, TB, and other severe infections.
269
PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
TCM considers Pulmonary Tuberculosis as one of the most serious and infectious diseases. It easily infects
persons with weak body constitutions. In the ancient times, TCM practitioners thought it was caused by two
reasons: weak body constitutions and infection by TB bacteria, which means that if the body is healthy, people
should not contract this disease. In the process of the disease, they thought TB bacteria infected the Lung and
damage the Lung Yin first (drying the Lung), causing the Lung to fail in its function of ascending and descending.
Cough then appears by rebellious Lung Qi, phlegm forms by Interior Deficient Fire, and then chest pain and
hemoptysis due to the injury of the Lung meridian circulation. In some cases the disease can develop quickly and
have dangerous results.
DIAGNOSIS
Acute Stage
Symptoms include cough, fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, and light hemoptysis with phlegm. The tongue is
red with a thin coating and the pulse is floating and fast.
Chronic Stage
Symptoms include severe and frequent dry cough with little phlegm or hemoptysis, malar flush and red dry
lips, tidal fever in the afternoon, dry mouth and throat, night sweating, insomnia, chest pain, and
spermatorrhea will appear in male patients, cessation of menstruation in females. The tongue is red without
coating and the pulse is thin and fast.
Severe or Late Stage

Symptoms include hemoptysis in large amount, difficulty breathing, edema in the lower extremities, poor
appetite, loose stool, heart palpitations in some cases, and spontaneous cold sweating with an irregular pulse
and other symptoms of exhausted Yang.

Treatment Principle: Reinforcing Lung Yin and Qi and Resolve the cough.
Point Prescription: LU-9, BL-13, BL-43, ST-36, SP-6, and KI-3.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-43 perpendicularly with the Qi Ci—one ancient needle technique, where
one needle is in the middle and two others are inserted beside it. Wave the needles until red marks appear. Insert 1
cun #30 needles into BL-13 perpendicularly, 0.7 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LU-9 and KI-3 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 and SP-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement
Cough with more phlegm: LU-5.
Tidal fever: LU-10.
Hemoptysis: LU-6.
Night sweating: HT-6.
Dry throat: KI-6.
270
Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Emission: BL-52.
Cold limbs: CV-4 with moxibustion.
Ear Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Lung, Spleen, Kidney, Endocrine, and Shen Men.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 45-degree angle with twisting even movement
Moxibustion
(Used for patients without Yin Deficient signs.)
Direct moxibustion: GV-12 and BL-43.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-12 and BL-43 for 9 cones.
Indirect moxibustion: CV-6, CV-12, BL-13, and BL-23.
Apply indirect moxibustion with Fu Zi (aconite) cake on CV-6 and CV-12 for 5 cones, and on BL-
13 and BL-23 for 3 cones.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Back and Arm.
Apply medium-level Gua Sha on the upper back from GV-14 to GV-9 and from BL-42 to BL-44 until red
marks appear. Then apply weak stimulation Gua Sha on the arm near the LU-5 area until a red color
appears.
Plum Blossom
Points: SP-6, SP-9, LU-5, LU-9, BL-13, BL-43, and BL-20.
Apply weak stimulation of plum blossom needle technique on SP-6, SP-9, LU-5, and LU-9 until a red color
appears. Then apply medium stimulation of plum blossom needle technique on BL-13, BL-43, and BL-20
until a red color with a little blood appears.
271
For pulmonary TB with cough and hemoptysis: Bai Lao, BL-13, CV-12, and ST-36. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into Bai Lao perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with the Shao Shan Huo—Burning
on the Mountain technique until a heat sensation is produced under the needle. Insert 1 cun #32 needles
into BL-13 perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep with lifting and thrusting even movement needle technique until
the sensation of the needle travels down along the spinal column. Retain all needles for 15 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-12 and ST-36 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For pulmonary TB with tidal fever and night sweating: Four Flowers points. (Yi Xue Zhen Chuan)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on the Four Flowers points for 9 to 11 cones.
For pulmonary TB with chronic cough: BL-13 and GV-12. (Jiu Fa Mi Chuan)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-13 and CV-12 for 9 cones.
For pulmonary TB with phlegm and hemoptysis:
LU-10, LU-5, PC-5, HT-7, LU-9, PC-8, LV-8, KI-3, KI-2, LV-3, BL-13, BL-18, and BL-20.
(Zhen Yin Jing)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LU-10, PC-5, HT-7, LU-9, PC-8, KI-3, LV-3, and KI-2 with twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-5 and LV-8 with lifting and thrusting even
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-13 for 20 cones, and on BL-18 and BL-20 for 3 cones.
For pulmonary TB with deficient body constitution: CV-4. (Pian Que Xin Shu)
Apply direct moxibustion on CV-4 for 15 to 20 cones in each treatment, until accumulate to 500 cones as a
course.
For pulmonary TB with hemoptysis: LU-7, LU-9, LU-5, ST-36, and GV-13. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-13 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique until the sensation of the needle travels down along the spinal column. Take out the needle and
then apply a fire cup on the point for 3 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-7 transversely upward
1 cun deep at a 15-degree angle with twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles
into ST-36 and LU-5 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1 cun #34
needles into LU-9 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For pulmonary TB with cough and shortness of breath: BL-42 and Qu Lao.
Qu Lao is an extra point located three cun above SP-21.)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-42 perpendicular 0.3-0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on Qu Lao for 7 cones.
272
Pulmonary Tuberculosis
For pulmonary TB with Interior Heat and deficiency of Yin and Qi: KI-1, CV-17, GV-20, BL-43, ST-36, and CV-12.
(Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-17 obliquely, 1-1.2 cun deep downward at a 60-degree angle with
twisting even movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #34 needles into CV-12, ST-36, and GV-20 with
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-43 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle towards the BL-44
direction with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into KI-1 perpendicularly, 0.6
cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique.
For pulmonary TB with chronic cough and interior fever: BL-15, BL-18, BL-14, BL-22, and San Zhui Gu Shang.
(Lei Jing Tu Yi)
San Zhui Gu Shang is an extra point located between T-2 and T-3.
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into San Zhui Gu Shang perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique until the sensation of the needle travels from the needle. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-
15, BL-14, and BL-18 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-22 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with twisting even
Treat one every other day for 5 treatments as a course.
For pulmonary TB with deficiency of Qi and Yang: CV-4, LU-1, and BL-23. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LU-1 for 11 cones. Apply indirect moxibustion with Fu Zi
(aconite) cake on CV-4 for 7 cones, and on BL-23 for 5 cones.
For pulmonary TB with night sweating and Interior Heat: HT-6, BL-42, BL-43, GV-9, and KI-3.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-42 and BL-43 perpendicularly with the Qi Ci method and waving
technique until a red color appears around the needle. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-9
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into HT-6 and KI-3 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting even movement
It’s better to treat the patient in the afternoon between 5 to 7 PM, once every other day for 7 treatments as a course.
For pulmonary TB with Yin Deficiency: GV-13, GV-4, BL-13, and BL-23. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Apply a 1.5 cun #32 needle for GV-13 perpendicularly, inserting the needle 1 to 1.2 cun deep with twisting
reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles in GV-4, BL-13, and BL-23 with lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique and retain all needles for 20 minutes.
273
For pulmonary TB with Qi and Yin Deficiency: LU-3, LU-5, ST-36, CV-6, BL-3, BL-13, and BL-23.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-3 transversely, 0.5 cun deep at a 30-degree angle towards the BL-2
direction with twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-3, ST-36, and
LU-5 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #34 needle
into CV-6 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-13 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with lifting and thrusting even
movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing
Treat twice a week for 7 treatments as course.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 32 year-old male patient presented with the main complaint of pulmonary TB for 2 years which was
controlled by antibiotics, but he still had a bad cough and hemoptysis that was associated with night sweating, low
grade fever, weight loss, chest pain, poor appetite, insomnia, and heart palpitations. The tongue was red without
coating and the pulse was floating, fast, and weak.
Diagnosis: Lung Yin Deficiency
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Lung Yin and Resolve the cough.
Point Prescription: BL-13, BL-43, ST-36, KI-3, LU-5, LV-13, SP-6, and HT-6.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-13 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-43 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 45-degree angle towards
the BL-44 direction with twisting even movement needle technique.
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into HT-6 and KI-3 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-5, SP-6, ST-36, and LV-13 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Result: All symptoms improved after one course of treatment and the pulmonary TB was clinically healed after a total
of three courses of treatment.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are effective for treating of pulmonary TB, particularly for reducing the
clinical symptoms, such as night sweating, cough, hemoptysis, and chest pain. Most of the time in modern civilized
societies, acupuncture and moxibustion will play only a role as a supplemental treatment or will be used for some
patients who are allergic to antibiotics. Acupuncture and moxibustion will help increase the body’s True Qi in order
to recover the health of the body and that is why it is the most effective treatment in the early stage of the disease.
However, due to the lack of immediate results to rescue patients with severe TB, acupuncture serves only as
supplemental therapy in these cases.
274
Madness and Insanity
275
MADNESS AND INSANITY

There is no single word for Psychology within Traditional Chinese Medicine. There are however, two words
used in TCM to describe mental disorders with abnormal behavior. One is called Dian, which means mental patients
characterized by catatonia—a Yin type of mental disorder when the patient is in a catatonic state of none movement.
The other is Kuang, which refers to madness and insanity—a Yang type of mental disorder opposite to Dian. In this
disorder patients are characterized by mania and excessive behavior and emotional fluctuations. They are both part
of mental disorders. Dian and Kuang in TCM involve the Heart Shen being misted or obstructed by stagnation of
phlegm and Qi, or the accumulation of Phlegm-Fire disturbing the Yang Ming meridians. As a result, the Heart fails
in controlling the Shen and mental disorders form.
Dian—Catatonia
This is most often due to long-term severe and harmful emotional stimulation, which impacts the Heart
Shen. Or, it could also be caused by Interior Phlegm stagnation misting the Heart Shen.
Kuang—Mania
This is typically an acute syndrome, when compared with Dian and is due to Phlegm-Fire and Liver Fire
Rising and bothering the Shen.
Within TCM pathology, Dian is considered to be a Yin type of mental disorder, which is caused by stagnation of
Phlegm and Qi and Kuang is a Yang type of mental disorder, which is caused by rising Phlegm-Fire as was
previously noted. However, in the clinic these two types of mental disorders could transform into others under
certain circumstances.
DIAGNOSIS
Dian—Catatonia
This mental disorder is characterized by abnormal behavior, mental depression, a trance, a tendency towards
suspicion and delusion, abnormal crying, sadness, and movements. The tongue is red with a greasy coating
and the pulse is slippery. As there is an inclination towards Qi and Blood Deficiency, the patient will often
have insomnia, be easily frightened, and have a dull affect, a poor appetite, and a pale complexion. In this
case the tongue is pale with a thin white coat and the pulse is thin and wiry.
Kuang—Mania
The patient will have a flushed complexion, dysphoria, anger and paraphasia, may even run around nude,
and suffer from insomnia. The tongue is red with a yellow dry or greasy coating and the pulse is fast and
slippery. Long-term it will damage the Yin from the stagnation of Fire and the patient will have restlessness,
be easily frightened, and suffer poor sleep. The tongue in this case will be red without a coat and the pulse
will be thin and fast.
276
Dian—Catatonia
Treatment Principle: Regulate the Qi, Resolve the Phlegm, and Calm the Heart’s Shen.
Point Prescription: HT-7, PC-7, Yin Tang, CV-17, ST-40, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into HT-7 and PC-7 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reducing
needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into Yin Tang transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle towards the
nose with a twisting reducing needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-17 obliquely towards CV-16
with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-6 and ST-40 with a lifting and
thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes, and repeat the needle technique every 5
minutes.
Blurry eyes: BL-1 and BL-2.
Ringing ear: SI-19.
Crying and sadness: LU-9 and LU-1.
Kuang—Madness and Insanity

Treatment Principle: Subdue the Liver Fire, Calm the Heart, and Resolve the Phlegm.
Point Prescription: PC-8, GV-26, CV-13, KI-4, and LV-2.
Technique: Insert a 1 cun #28 needle into GV-26 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a fast twisting needle technique
and 1 cun #30 needles into PC-8, LV-2, KI-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting, lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-13 with a twisting even movement needle technique.
Retain all needles for 30 minutes, and repeat the needle technique every 5 minutes.
Severe Heat: GV-14 and GV-20.
Severe madness: LV-3 and TW-6.
Insomnia: Yin Tang and An Mian.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Heat, Sub cortex, Kidney, Forehead, Occipital, and Shen Men.
twisting needle technique for Kuang (madness) and with a twisting reinforcing needle technique for Dian
(stupemania/catatonia). Retain all needles for 30 minutes. Or, apply Electro-stimulation on Sub cortex and
Kidney with fast-slow waves for 30 minutes.
277
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Middle line of the forehead and vertex, Upper Middle line of the occipital, Lateral line 3
of the forehead, and Anterior line of the temple.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these lines transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with a fast twisting
reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 40 minutes, and repeat the needle technique every 10
minutes.
Nose Acupuncture
Points: Heart, Kidney, Lung, and Gall Bladder.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a fast twisting needle
Foot Acupuncture
Points: Li Nei Ting, Liver, Heart, Head, and Small intestine.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reducing
needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes, and repeat the needle technique every 5 minutes.
Moxibustion
Direct non-scarring moxibustion:
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on Gui Ku (“Ghost Crying” point, located on the dorsal top
of the inter-phalange articulation of the thumb), KI-1, and LI-11 for 7 cones.
Indirect moxibustion:
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger or a Fu Zi (aconite) cake on CV-4, GV-4, GV-14, and BL-
45 for 3 cones.
Moxa pole:
Apply a moxa pole to GV-20 and KI-1 for 20 minutes.
Treat once daily for 7 treatments as a course. Usually this is performed along with other therapeutic
techniques.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Chest, Back, and Leg.
Apply medium stimulation of Gua Sha on the chest along the CV, Stomach, and Kidney meridians until a
dark red or purple color appears. Apply medium stimulation on the back from GV-14 to GV-7 and BL-41
to BL-46 until a dark red or purple color appears. Apply medium stimulation around BL-40 until a dark red
color appears.
278
Bloodletting
Prescription 1: PC-3, PC-9, HT-9, LU-11, LI-1, and Yin Tang.
Prescription 2: LV-1, BL-67, SP-1, BL-40, Tai Yang, and the Tip of the ear.
Apply bloodletting techniques on these points, squeezing out 1 or 2 drops of blood.
Treat once daily, changing the prescription every day for 5 treatments as a course.
For Dian:
GV-23, GV-20, GB-20, LI-11, LU-5, TW-4, SI-4, ST-41, BL-62, BL-60, SP-5, KI-2, BL-66, and BL-57.
(Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1 cun #28 or #30 needles for all these points perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reducing
needle technique. Remove the needles without retaining, and try to enlarge the holes as the needles come
out. Apply a moxa pole on GV-20 for 30 minutes.
For Dian when the patient doesn’t like to see people: Gui Ku (extra point). (Wan Bing Hui Chun)
Gui Ku—the Ghost Crying point is located on the dorsal top of the inter-phalange articulation of the thumb.
Tie the two thumbs together with a rope, and then apply direct moxibustion on Gui Ku for 7 cones.
For Kuang: SI-8, PC-5, HT-7, LI-4, SI-3, KI-7, and TW-24. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SI-8 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 40-degree angle towards SI-7 with a twisting
reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into HT-7, LI-4, and SI-3 with a twisting reducing needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into KI-7 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique and
1 cun #30 needles into TW-24 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique.
For Kuang when the patient doesn’t recognize family members: CV-14. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, and retain the needle for 15 minutes. Repeat the needle technique every 5 minutes during
the retainment.
For Kuang with severe heart palpitations: PC-6, HT-9, BL-15, CV-12, and Shi Xuan. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into PC-6 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 60-degree angle upwards with a twisting
even movement needle technique and a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a
lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-15 obliquely, 1 cun deep
at a 60-degree angle towards the spinal column direction with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique, and retain the needles for 10 minutes. Apply a bloodletting technique on HT-9 and Shi Xuan,
squeezing out 1 or 2 drops of blood out of each point.
279
For both Dian and Kuang in the stage of attack: the Thirteen Ghost points for Dian and Kuang. (Qian Jin Fang)
GV-26, LU-11, SP-1, PC-7, BL-62, GV-16, ST-6, CV-24, PC-8 GV-23, CV-1, LI-11, and Hai Quan.
Insert 1 cun #28 needles into GV-26, LU-11, BL-62, CV-24, and CV-1 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a
fast twisting needle technique and 1 cun #30 needles into SP-1, GV-16, PC-8, and GV-23 perpendicularly,
0.2 cun deep with an even movement needle technique. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into ST-6 and PC-7
perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #28 fire-needles into LI-
11 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep. Apply a bloodletting technique on Hai Quan (extra points: Jing Jing and
Yu Ye), and squeeze out a few drops of blood.
Treat just in this circumstance.
For Kuang: LI-11, GB-39, Bai Lao, and KI-1. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1.5 cun #28 needles into LI-11 with a twisting, lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique and 1.5
cun #32 needles into GB-39 with a twisting even movement needle technique.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into Bai Lao perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into KI-1 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting
For Dian: BL-58 and ST-24. (Pu Ji Fang)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-58 with a twisting even movement needle technique, and retain needles
for 10 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-24 perpendicularly 1 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique. Apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
For Kuang with violence: CV-14 and BL-15. (Pian Que Xing Shu)
Apply direct moxibustion on BL-15 for 5 cones. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-14 for 12
cones.
For Dian: GV-12 and GB-13. (Bai Zhen Fu)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with the Long Hu Jiao Zhan—Dragon
and Tiger Battle technique, and retain the needle for 10 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-13
transversely, 1 cun deep towards BL-15 with a fast twisting needle technique. Retain the needles for 30
minutes.
For Kuang: GV-20, KI-10, PC-5, ST-36, and KI-7. (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Apply a moxa-pole on GV-20 for 20 minutes. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on KI-10 and KI-7
for 7 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into PC-5 and ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
For Kuang where the patient wants to kill people: PC-5, GV-12, and SI-3. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert a 1.5 cun #28 needle into GV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a rubbing technique (rub the
needle counter-clockwise) until the sensation of the needle travels down along the spinal column. Insert 1.5
cun #32 needles into SI-3 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep towards PC-8 direction with a twisting reducing
needle technique, and insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into PC-5 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting
280
For Kuang with divagation: KI-9, LI-9, BL-60, and CV-14. (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 2 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into
KI-9 and LI-9 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-60 with
a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For Kuang with unconsciousness: LI-11, GV-26, KI-1, and LI-4. (Zhen Jiu Yi Xue)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into KI-1 and GV-26 with a fast twisting needle technique and 1.5 cun #30
needles into LI-11 and LI-4 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, until the patient wakes
up.
Treat just in this circumstance.
For Dian: ST-23, PC-9, HT-7, CV-13, GV-12, KI-4, ST-41, and GB-38. (Cai Ai Bian Yi)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-23, CV-13, GB-38, and GV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a
twisting even movement needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on PC-9 and KI-4 for 7 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into HT-7
and ST-41 with a twisting reducing needle technique.
For Dian: KI-6, LV-8, CV-6, PC-6, GV-14, BL-18, and BL-13. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a rubbing needle technique
(rub the needle counter-clockwise) until the sensation of the needle travels down along the spinal column.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-13 and BL-18 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 60-degree angle towards the
spinal column with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-6, LV-8, and PC-6 with a twisting even movement needle technique and a
1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For Kuang: Bai Lao, GV-14, GV-16, GB-20, GV-15, GB-12, BL-42, GV-9, CV-15, LV-3, LI-4, and Yin Tang.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into Bai Lao, GV-14, GV-16, GB-20, GV-15, GB-12, and GV-9 perpendicularly,
1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #30 needles into BL-42 with a twisting even
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-3 and LI-4 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique and a 1.5
cun #32 needle into CV-15 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique. Insert a 1
cun #32 needle into Yin Tang obliquely, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle technique.
281
CASE ANALYSIS
A 19 year-old female patient had a main complaint of a mental disorder for 1 year and was diagnosis with
“Stupemania”. Her father mentioned that it might be caused by some family problems that caused her to be
depressed for a few years. One-year prior, she stopped talking to everyone and had insomnia, abnormal crying or
laughing, dysmimia, a poor appetite, and irregular urination and bowel movements. The tongue was red with a
yellow thick greasy coating, and the pulse was wiry and slippery.
Diagnosis: Dian due to stagnant Qi and deficiency of the Heart and Spleen Blood.
Treatment Principle: Calm the Shen, Nourish the Blood, and Resolve the stagnation.
Point Prescription: The 13 Ghost points (by Dr. Sun Si Miao in his book Qian Jing Fang, 700-900 A.D)
Technique: Insert 1 cun #28 needles into GV-26, GV-23, CV-24, and ST-6 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a fast
twisting reducing needle technique and then take the needles out. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11, PC-8, PC-7,
BL-62, and CV-16 with a twisting reducing needle technique and then take the needles out. Insert 0.5 cun #28
needles into SP-1 and LU-11 with a bloodletting technique, removing 2 drops of blood. Insert 1.5 cun #28 needles
into Jing Jing and Yu Ye with a bloodletting needle technique. Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into CV-1 perpendicularly,
0.8 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique and take the needle out.
Result: After one course of treatment, her sleep improved and the abnormal crying and laughing was reduced. Her
Shen was a little clearer than before. After two courses of treatments her appetite increased and the bowel and urine
normalized.
The prescription was then changed: CV-1, GV-26, PC-9, and LU-11 were left out, and PC-5, SI-1, ST-40, and BL-13
were added.
After another 2 courses of treatments following the new prescription, she was cured. Two years later, she visited the
clinic and was normal with her emotions and her life.
EVALUATION
Since 500 B.C, TCM practitioners battled with mental disorder problems. They thought those with uncanny
powers bothered other peoples’ Shen, causing these disorders, which was often referred to as a ghost. That is why
the 13 Ghost points were invented, and they are proved very effective in treating mental disorders.
During the treatment of Kuang, be careful to prevent any needle accidents (such as broken or stuck needles,
and fainting during the treatment). It’s better to start treatment when the patient has some pre-symptoms, such as
severe insomnia, restlessness, abnormal emotional changes, etc. Also, Chinese herb formulas are strongly
recommended to take along with the acupuncture. Acupuncture and moxibustion is now mostly a supplemental
therapy in treating mental problems. It’s pretty popular and effective when applied to the pre-symptoms or recovery
period. Because acupuncture treatments cannot easily and directly sedate or control behaviors, the patient should be
placed on medication for violent or disruptive habits. The correct diagnosis will directly influence the effects of the
treatment, which must follow TCM theory. Usually, the treatment course will be set less than 5 treatments, because
the symptoms will change much quicker than other diseases.
282
Malaria
283
MALARIA
Malaria is a common infectious disease that has proven to be fatal without treatment. During modern times,
great achievements have been made in terms of battling this disease. This disease is parasitic in nature and is most
common in warm humid climates. As western medicine and TCM describes, malaria is an infectious disease of the
blood caused by the malarial mosquito (plasmodium). TCM also refers to it as Malaria Evil Qi.
DIAGNOSIS
Symptoms of malaria start with chills, achy sensation in the whole body, muscle spasm and shaking, and
then a high fever appears that is associated with headache, flushed complexion, thirst, the fever abating after profuse
sweating. If in the type of Damp-Phlegm, the patient will feel a stuffy sensation in the chest and epigastric region
and will be associated with nausea or vomiting or cough. If the malaria invades interior body organs, the symptoms
will be characterized by high fever and unconsciousness, even convulsion.
The chronic malaria patient usually has a deficient body constitution and has associated signs such as a pale
complexion, poor appetite, fatigue, and a mass in the abdomen. Usually the symptoms occur at the same time every
day, or every other day, and the pulse is wiry and tight, the tongue red with thin yellow coating. Upon a blood test
the plasmodium (malarial parasite) can be found.
TREATMENT AND PRESCRIPITON
Treatment Principle: Harmonizing Shao Yang, and Resolve the malaria.

Point Prescription: GV-14, SI-3, TW-2, and LI-11.
Treat 1 or 2 hours before malaria starts 10 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with rubbing needle technique, (rub
the needle count clockwise) until the sensation of the Qi travels down along the spinal column. Insert 1 cun #32
needles into SI-3 and TW-2 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30
needles into LI-11 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
Fever: Shi Xuan with bloodletting technique.
Damp-phlegm: BL-13 and ST-40.
Convulsion: PC-6 and GV-26.
Chronic malaria: BL-20, BL-21, and ST-36.
Mass in the abdomen: LV-13 and Pi Gen.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Sub cortex, Endocrine, Liver, Spleen, and Sympathetic.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles into these points obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 45-degree angle with twisting
Treat one hour before malaria happened for 5 treatments as a course.
284
Malaria
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Anterior oblique line from the vertex to the temple, Middle line and Lateral line 2 of the
forehead.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these lines transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with fast twisting
Treat one hour before malaria happened for 5 treatments as a course.
Moxibustion
Direct moxibustion: GV-12, BL-17, LV-13, and PC-5.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-12 and BL-17 for 11 cones, and on LV-3 and PC-5
for 7 cones.
Indirect moxibustion: CV-12, CV-6, BL-20, and GV-14.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on BL-20 and GV-14 for 5 cones, and on CV-12 and CV-6
for 3 cones.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Mid-back, LV-13, and SP-9.
Apply medium-level Gua Sha on the mid-back area from BL-15 and GV-12 to BL-20 and GV-6 until a dark
red color appears. Apply weak Gua Sha on LV-13 and SP-9 area until a red color appears.
For malaria with high fever: GV-14, GV-13, and LI-4. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-14 and GV-13 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even
Treat 2 hours before onset of malarial symptoms for 7 treatments as a course.
For malaria with high fever: GV-14, PC-5, SI-3, and KI-7. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
Insert 1.5 cun #28 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with rubbing technique (rub the
needle count clockwise) until the sensation of the Qi travels down along the spinal column and then take
out the needle. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into PC-5 and SI-3 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting
reinforcing needle technique, 1 cun #32 needles into KI-7 perpendicular 0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting
Treat once a day for 5 treatments as a course.
For malaria with more cold (chills) then fever: SP-4, SI-3, LI-11, and PC-8. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into SP-4 obliquely, 0.5-0.8 cun deep towards the KI-1 direction with twisting
reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into SI-3 and PC-8 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with
twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun
deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
Retain all needles above for 20 minutes.
Treat once every day 2 hours before the onset of malarial symptoms for 5 treatments as a course.
285
For malaria with more fever then cold (chills): SP-4, LI-11, GB-39, and Bai Lao. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into Bai Lao perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique, and take the needle out after the patient feels the sensation of the Qi traveling
towards GV-14. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-11, SP-4, and GB-39 with twisting reducing needle
Treat 2 hours before the onset of malarial symptoms for 7 treatments as a course.
For malaria with frequent cold (more chills then fever): KI-4, SI-3, LI-11, and Bai Lao. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-4 and SI-3 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11 and Bai Lao perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with
lifting and thrusting reducing reinforcing needle technique.
For malaria with fever: CV-12 and GV-14. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #28 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with rubbing technique until the
sensation of the Qi travels from the point, then take the needle out. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-12
perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with slow and fast reinforcing needle technique.
For chronic malaria: LV-13 and BL-20. (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-13 for 11 cones and on BL-20 for 9 cones.
The following are from the Yi Xue Ru Men.

For malaria with foot Tai Yang meridian symptoms—back pain and headache and the cold originating from the back: BL-40.
Apply bloodletting technique on BL-40, to squeeze 2-3 drops of blood in each treatment.
For malaria with foot Shao Yang meridian symptoms—fever and alternating cold associated with heart palpitations, and profuse
sweating: GB-43.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-43 obliquely, 1 cun deep towards GB-42 with twisting even movement
needle technique.
For malaria with foot Yang Ming symptoms—cold starting first then high fever and profuse sweating: ST-42.
Inset 1 cun #30 needles into ST-42 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique.
For malaria with foot Tai Yin symptoms—depression, poor appetite, cold alternating with fever, and vomiting: SP-4.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep towards KI-1 with twisting reinforcing
needle technique.
For malaria with foot Shao Yin meridian symptoms—frequent vomiting and more frequent cold sensations then fever: KI-3.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-3 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For malaria with foot Jue Yin meridian symptoms—bloated low abdomen and retention of urine: LV-3.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-3 obliquely, 1 cun deep towards KI-1 with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique.
286
Malaria
For malaria with fever and alternating cold: PC-5. (Qian Jin Fang)
Smash fresh “Han Lian Cao” and put it on PC-5. Cover it with plaster until a blister appears.
For malaria with fever and alternating cold: GV-20, LU-8, and SI-2. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert a 1 cun #30 needle into GV-20 obliquely, 0.5-0.8 cun deep at a 45-degree angle towards GV-19 with
twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #30 needles into LU-8 and SI-2 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep
with twisting even movement needle technique.
Treat 2 hours before onset of malarial symptoms for 5 treatments as a course.
For malaria with fever and nausea or vomiting: LI-4, SP-4, LI-11, GV-14, and GV-12. (Zhen Jiu Ju Ying)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 and SP-4 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-14 and GV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique and take out the needles after the sensation of the Qi travels along spinal
column, and apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on these two points for 9 cones.
The following is from the Zhen Jiu Da Quan.

Malaria with Heart symptoms: heart palpitation, restlessness, more cold then fever: HT-7, SP-4, BL-15, and Bai Lao.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into HT-7 and SP-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into Bai Lao perpendicularly, 1 cun
deep with twisting even movement needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-15 perpendicularly,
0.5-0.8 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes.
Malaria with Liver symptoms: pale complexion, sighing, fever and aversion to cold: LV-4, SP-4, BL-18, and GB-39.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-18 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-4,
LV-4, and GB-39 with twisting even movement needle technique.
Malaria with Spleen symptoms: abdominal pain, borborygmus, diarrhea or poor appetite:
SP-4, BL-20, ST-36, SI-3, GV-12, and BL-43
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-20 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing
needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-43 for 9 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles
into SP-4 and SI-3 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique, and 1.5
cun #32 needles into ST-36 and CV-12 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes.
Malaria with Lung symptoms: interior cold sensations in the whole body, chills, and pale complexion:
LU-7, SP-4, BL-13, and LI-4
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-4 and LI-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique, and 1 cun #34 needles into LU-7 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep at a 30-degree angle towards
LU-5 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes. Apply direct non-
scarring moxibustion on BL-13 for 9 cones.
287
Malaria with Kidney symptoms: painful sensations in the low back and spinal column as well as constipation:
SP-4, KI-5, BL-23, and BL-62
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-4 and KI-5 perpendicularly, 0.3-0.5 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23
perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique and apply moxa wool
on the handle of needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-62 with twisting even movement
needle technique.
Malaria with Stomach symptoms: poor appetite with hunger, bloating in the epigastric region:
SP-4, ST-45, BL-21, and SP-2
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-4 and SP-2 with twisting even movement needle technique. Apply
bloodletting technique on ST-45 and squeeze 1 drop of blood out. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-21
perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
Malaria with Gall Bladder symptoms: aversion to cold, restlessness, and nightmares:
SP-4, GB-42, BL-19, and LV-14
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-4 and GB-42 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique, and 1 cun #30 needles into LV-14 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-19 perpendicularly,
1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3-
5 cones.
CASE ANALYSIS
Dr. Zhang Zi He (A.D. 1156-1228) treated a male patient with chronic malaria for 3 years with fever and
interior cold, who had received a lot of other treatments before he visited him. His malaria was associated with
fatigue, shortness of breath, and weight loss. In the Nei Jing chapter of needle technique for malaria, it states:
“Perform bloodletting on the ten fingers if chronic malaria is hard to cure”. Dr. Zhang applied the bloodletting
technique on the “Shi Xuan” points first and then applied direct moxibustion on SP-20 when the patient’s malaria
symptoms started. The symptoms of malaria and his disease were remedied after one treatment.
EVALUATION
For a thousand years TCM practitioners have accumulated a lot effective experiences for the treatment of
malaria, particularly with the use of acupuncture and moxibustion. There is a special chapter talking about how to
treat malaria in the Nei Jing, which means 2,000 years ago people paid more attention to this infectious disease and
had already set up a systematic therapy from theory and each technique. In modern society, as medicine developed,
acupuncture and moxibustion is most often time used with medication. Sometimes acupuncture and moxibustion
still play an important role in treating some chronic malaria patients or those whom the medication proved
ineffective.
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Multiple Sclerosis
289
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Multiple Sclerosis belongs to the Wei and Jing syndrome category in TCM. The cause could be either
Exterior Invasion, such as Wind-Heat or Damp-Heat or interior reasons, such as stagnation of Blood and Qi, Spleen
Qi Deficiency or Kidney Yin and Yang Deficiency. This disorder is incredibly common among patients of all race,
age, and gender. It is usually caused from demyelination of the nervous cells in the Central Nervous System.
DIAGNOSIS
Liver Yang Rising

This pattern is marked by weak sensations in one of more extremities, painful sensation in the eyes,
particularly when the eyes move, associated with headache, red eyes, restlessness and insomnia, easy to
anger, ringing in the ear, bloating in the abdomen, and bitter taste in the mouth. The tongue is red with a
yellow coat and the pulse is wiry and fast.

This signs associated with this pattern are weak and numb sensations in the limbs, face, and body, as well as
double vision, ataxia, and paralysis in some severe cases. Secondary symptoms are dizziness and vertigo,
lassitude, pale complexion, trembling, insomnia, heart palpitations, and dry skin, mouth, and eyes. The
tongue is pale with a thin coat and the pulse is thin and weak.
Damp Heat
In this case, numbness, weak and swollen sensations in one or more limbs, sensory disturbance particularly
in the legs, ataxia, and paralysis in some severe cases are the main symptoms. Other associated symptoms
include heaviness and achy sensations in the whole body, stuffy chest with phlegm, bloated abdomen, loose
and sticky stool, scanty and yellowish urine, headache, vertigo and insomnia in some cases. The tongue is
swollen with a yellow or a white greasy coat and the pulse is slippery and fast.
Liver Yang Rising

Treatment Principle: Subdue Liver Fire and Move the stagnation of Qi and Blood.
Point Prescription: LV-3, GV-20, LI-4, GB-34, and TW-5.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep at an oblique 45-degree angle towards KI-1 with
twisting reinforcing needle technique, as well as 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 and TW-5 perpendicularly, 0.7 cun deep
with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-34 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2
cun deep towards SP-9 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-20
transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle backwards with a lifting Qi technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Headache: Ah Shi and GB-4.
Eye pain: LV-8, LV-5, and Tai Yang.
Trembling in the limbs: GB-20, GB-31, and BL-12.
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Multiple Sclerosis

Treatment Principle: Nourish Liver Blood and Subdue Interior Wind.
Point Prescription: GB-20, KI-3, LV-8, BL-18, BL-17, BL-20, and BL-23.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-18, BL-17, BL-20, and BL-23 perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep with lifting
and thrusting reinforcing needle technique until the sensation of Qi spreads from the points, and apply moxa wool
on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-3 and LV-8 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep
with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-20 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-
degree angle backwards with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Blurry eyes: GB-38, LI-4, and Qiu Hou.
Trembling: GV-14 and GV-20.
Heart palpitation: PC-6 and HT-7.
Numbness in the limbs: LI-11, SP-9, Ba Feng, and Ba Xie.
Damp-Heat
Treatment Principle: Clear the Heat, Resolve Damp, and Move the Qi and Blood.
Point Prescription: CV-3, ST-25, LI-11, SP-9, BL-20, BL-13, GV-14, and BL-28.
Technique: Insert a 3 cun #32 needle into CV-3 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique,
and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-25 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11 and SP-9 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with rubbing technique (rub the needle
count clockwise) until the sensation of the Qi travels down along the spinal column. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into
BL-13 with twisting even movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-28 and BL-20
perpendicularly with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique.
Vertigo: ST-40, CV-17, and BL-13.
Heavy sensation in the body: TW-5 and GB-34.
Aches and pains in the limbs: LI-4 and LV-3.
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Ear Acupuncture
Points: Brain stem, Heart, Sub cortex, Shen Men, Neck, and Spine.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 ear needles into these points obliquely, 0.3 cun deep with fast twisting needle technique,
or apply Electro-stimulation with fast frequency waves on the needles for 20 minutes. Or apply press-balls
on the ear as a supplemental treatment with other body needles together.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zone: Middle line and Lateral line 1 of the vertex, Upper middle line of the occiput, and the
Oblique anterior line from the vertex to temple.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these lines transversely, 1 cun deep with fast twisting needle technique for 3
to 5 minutes. Retain all needles for 40 minutes.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Back, Abdomen, and Leg.
Apply medium-level Gua Sha on the upper back form GV-15 to GB-21 bilaterally, and then GV-14 to GV-
7 and BL-11 to BL-18 until a purple color appears. Apply a weak stimulation level of Gua Sha on the leg
near the GB-40 area until a red color appears.
Plum Blossom
Points: GV-14, BL-11, BL-43, GV-4, CV-21, CV-17, and SP-6.
Apply medium-level stimulation of Plum blossom needle on GV-14, BL-11, BL-43, and GV-4 for 5
minutes. Apply weak simulation on CV-21, CV-17, and SP-6 for 5 minutes.
Cupping
Water cups: BL-13, BL-15, BL-18, BL-23, BL-43, GV-14, and GB-21.
Apply water cups, one of the cupping techniques where bamboo cups are boiled in the big pot with
Chinese herbs and then the hot cups are taken out and put on these points until they fall off on
their own. This is used to treat MS with deficiency of Yin or Yang.
Fire cups: GV-14, BL-43, GV-4, GV-9, BL-52, and Shi Qi Zhui Xia.
Apply fire cups on these points for 5 minutes to treat MS with stagnation of Heat.
Moving cups: Back.
Apply moving cups on the back from GV-14 to GV-9 and BL-11 to BL-20 until a dark red color
appears. This is used to treat MS with deficiency.
292
Multiple Sclerosis
PRESCRIPTION AND TECHNIQUE EXPRERIENCE
For MS with deficiency of Qi: CV-6, ST-36, GV-14, BL-13, GB-20, and BL-58. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-13 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 60-degree angle towards the spinal column
with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-14 and GB-20
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #34 needles into BL-58
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-6 and ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones.
For MS with Damp-Heat: ST-25, SP-9, LI-11, GV-12, GV-9, GV-3, and BL-32. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-25 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-9 and LI-11 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-12, GV-9, and GV-3 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique, and 2 cun #32 needles into BL-32 perpendicularly, 1.7 cun deep with lifting
For MS with paralysis of limbs: LI-11, TW-5, ST-36, GB-39, CV-6, GV-14, GV-7, and GV-4.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11, TW-5, ST-36, and GB-39 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with
twisting even movement needle technique and apply electro-acupuncture with intermittent waves, the main
points being LI-11 and ST-36 for 25 minutes. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun
deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of needle for 3 cones.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-14, GV-7, and GV-4 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with twisting
even movement needle technique until the sensation of Qi travels. Retain all the needles for 10 minutes.
For MS with paralysis of limbs: LV-3, LI-4, SP-6, PC-5, SP-9, LU-5, CV-4, BL-13, BL-20, and BL-18.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4, LV-3, PC-5, and SP-6 perpendicularly, 0.6 cun deep with the Zi Wu
Dao Jiu (one combination needle technique) technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-9, LU-5, and
CV-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique and apply moxa
wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-13, BL-20, and BL-18
with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones.
For MS with deficiency of Blood and Yin: KI-6, LV-3, LV-8, HT-7, PC-4, SP-10, BL-17, BL-18, BL-20, BL-23.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-6, HT-7, and LV-8 perpendicularly, 0.7 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and 1.5 cun #34 needles into LV-3 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 45-degree angle towards KI-
1 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into PC-4 and SP-10
perpendicularly, with twisting even movement needle technique.
Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into BL-17, BL-18, BL-20, and BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting
293
For MS with deficiency of Blood and Yin: SP-6, ST-36, CV-4, LV-13, GV-14, BL-43, GV-8, and GV-4.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-14, GV-8, and GV-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-43 with the Qi Ci technique—one ancient
needle technique where one needle is in the middle and the other two are beside it. Then apply waving
technique until a red color appears. Retain all needles for 15 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into SP-6, ST-36, CV-4, and LV-13 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting
For MS with speech problems: CV-23, GV-20, HT-5, SP-4, LU-2, BL-11, and Bai Lao.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-23 obliquely, 1.2 cun deep at a 45-degree angle towards the root of the
tongue with the Qi Ci needle technique (see explanation in the previous prescription). Insert 1 cun #32
needles into SP-4 and LU-2 perpendicularly, 0.7 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique, and a 1.5
cun #30 needle into GV-20 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with fast twisting needle
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-11 and Bai Lao perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting
For MS with Liver and Kidney Deficiency: CV-4, GV-4, GV-8, GV-12, GV-14, BL-18, BL-23, KI-3, and LV-8.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-12, GV-14, GV-8, and GV-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting
reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-18 and BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with
lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-4 and LV-8 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into KI-3 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool
on the handle of the needles for 3 cones.
For MS with Interior Deficiency Wind: LV-3, LI-4, LV-8, SP-10, BL-17, BL-18, BL-23, GB-20, and BL-10.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-20 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep towards the chin with lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #34 needles into BL-10 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with
twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into BL-17, BL-18, and BL-23
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10
minutes.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-3 and LI-4 perpendicularly, with lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #34 needles into LV-8 and SP-10 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain
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Multiple Sclerosis
For MS with stagnation of Qi and Blood: CV-6, ST-36, LI-11, GV-20, SP-6, BL-43, GV-4, and BL-18.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-4 and BL-18 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with lifting and
thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-43 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 40-
degree angle towards BL-44 with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa-pole on the side of
the needles for 15 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-6, ST-36, and SP-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun
deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and a 1 cun #32 needle into GV-20 transversely, 0.7 cun
deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique.
For MS with stagnation of Qi and Blood: GV-14, GV-9, BL-43, BL-13, LI-11, SP-9, and CV-4.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on the GV-14, GV-9, BL-13, and BL-43 for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun
#32 needles into SP-9 and LI-11 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing
needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-4 for 9 cones.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 42 year-old female patient came in with the main complaint of MS for 2 years. She felt weak, experienced
trembling, and a tight and achy sensation in the muscles, particularly on the arms and legs. Other associated
symptoms included blurry eyes, dizziness, headache, restlessness, poor sleep, hot flushes, sticky and hot bowel
movements, and yellow scanty urine. The tongue was red with a yellow greasy coating and the pulse was slippery.
Diagnosis: MS with stagnation of Damp-Heat.
Treatment Principle: Clear Heat and Resolve the Damp.
Point Prescription: ST-25, SP-9, CV-3, LI-11, GV-12, GV-9, GV-3, BL-32, and BL-23.
Treatment was given once every other day for 7 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert a 3 cun #32 needle into CV-3 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-25, SP-9, and LI-11 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-12, GV-9, and GV-3 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique. Insert 2 cun #32 needles into BL-32 perpendicularly, 1.7 cun deep with lifting and
Result: Most of symptoms were reduced particularly the Damp-Heat stagnation signs, which were almost totally
relieved after one course treatment. But the muscles still felt tight and weak with hyper-tendon reflexes. Therefore a
second prescription was then employed.
295
Second Point Prescription: GV-14, GV-12, GV-9, GV-4, GV-20, LI-11, ST-36, SP-6, and CV-6.
Treatment was given twice a week for 7 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-14, GV-12, GV-9, and GV-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with
twisting, lifting, and thrusting even movement needle technique until the sensation of the needles travels along the
GV meridian. Retain all needles for 10 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-11, ST-36, SP-6, and CV-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and a 1 cun #32 needle into GV-20 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep backwards with fast twisting needle
Result: The symptoms of MS were almost gone after 2 courses of treatments, and the patient went back to normal
work. Upon revisit after 2 years for a new allergy problem the MS symptoms still had not returned.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion is very effective to reduce the symptoms of MS, and recently it has been
shown to be much more effective than any medications. However, the actual treatment progress and trauma to the
brain from the disorder can be only observed through a MRI.
Acupuncture is the first choice for treating MS and the effectiveness of the treatments usually will be felt
after 5-7 treatments, and is directly related with a correct diagnosis and suitable needle technique, particularly
techniques performed on the GV meridian. In some emergency cases, such as severe infections, convulsions, tics, or
coma, acupuncture and moxibustion will not be used until the acute and severe symptoms are reduced.
296
Neck Pain
297
NECK PAIN
Neck pain is a common symptom seen in the acupuncture clinic. This syndrome does not necessitate a
disorder, infection, or illness like most other common clinical symptoms. However, it can be caused by all of them.
Although it has many causes, in TCM neck pain basically refers to the stagnation of the Qi and Blood in the
meridians.
DIAGNOSIS
Stiff Neck
Stiff neck most commonly occurs in adults due to improper sleep position or pillow placement under the
head, or at times may be related to Cold Invasion.
Improper Sleep Position

Pain and stiffness, or tightness usually occurring in the morning in the local area, particularly in the scapular
and nape region are the signs of this pattern. Unilateral pain of the neck or upper back often severely
restricts neck motion and causes the head to tilt towards the painful side. The patient must move the entire
body instead of rotating the neck to the side. The tongue is usually normal and the pulse is tight or wiry.
Wind Cold Invasion

When the neck stiffness and pain are caused by a Wind Cold Invasion, the patient will have accompanying
symptoms associated with External Invasion such as aversion to cold and wind, headache, and possibly
slight fever. The tongue is pale with a thin white coating and the pulse is floating and fast.
Neck Injury
In this case, the patient presents with a history of injury-either acute or chronic. A constant dull pain or discomfort
sensation in the neck and shoulder can be transferred to the arm or fingers. At times the patient will experience
weakness and/or atrophy in either a single muscle or a specific muscle group. Other symptoms may include
dizziness and vertigo.
Acute Injury
The patient complains of constant, fixed pain in a specific area of the neck after obvious injury.
The discomfort may travel down to the arm or up to the eyes, ears, throat or side of the scalp. The
injured muscles may be swollen and contracted. In severe cases X-ray will show structural changes
in the cervical column. The patient can barely move the neck without pain and may also experience
nausea and dizziness. The tongue is red on the tip and edges with a white coating, and the pulse is
wiry or weak and rapid.
Chronic Injury
In this case, the patient has no obvious injury history. The neck symptoms may have been caused
by overuse and improper posture at work or by degenerative changes. Both lead to stagnation of
the Qi and Blood in the local neck meridians. The neck may feel stiff and/or constant dull ache or
numbness with a shooting sensation to the shoulders and arms may be present. Coughing, bowel
movement or sudden neck movements aggravate the pain. Other possible symptoms include
dizziness, vertigo, tinnitus, ear pain, or myoatrophy in the upper extremities. The tongue is slightly
swollen with teeth-marks, and the pulse is weak or tight.
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Neck Pain
Stiff Neck
Treatment Principle: Move the Qi and Blood and Reduce the pain.
Point Prescription: Luo Zhen, SI-3, GB-39, and Ah Shi.
Technique: Reducing needle technique and moxibustion.
Use 1 cun #32 needles for Luo Zhen, SI-3, and GB-39 on the painful side of the body. Insert the needles
perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique while the patient moves the stiff neck area,
then retain the needles for 10 minutes after the pain has reduced. Use a 1.5 cun #30 needle for local Ah Shi points
with warming needle technique using 3 cones or by applying Moxa-pole (only on the Ah Shi points) for 15 minutes.
Headache due to Wind Cold: LI-4 and TW-5.
Scapular area pain: LI-15 and SI-12.
Upper back pain: BL-11 and SI-13.
Neck Injury
Acute Injury
Treatment Principle: Move the Qi and Resolve the Blood Stagnation.
Point Prescription: GV-24, GV-17, SI-3, TW-5, BL-62, plus Moxa pole.
Technique: Reducing needle technique and moxibustion.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-24 and GV-17 against the flow of the meridian with lifting and
thrusting, twisting, and even movement technique until the needle moves easier in the point, and then
instruct the patient to move the neck while obtaining Qi. Next insert 1 cun #32 needles into SI-3, TW-5,
GB-34, and BL-62 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
Apply moxa-pole to the local Ah Shi points for 15 minutes.
Severe pain with nausea: PC-6 and ST-36 with warming needle technique.
Shoulder and upper back pain: GB-21, GV-12, and SI-12.
Chronic Injury
Treatment Principle: Move the Qi and Blood and Reduce the pain and muscle spasms.
Point Prescription: Xiang Cong Ci (GB-12, GB-20, GV-16, GV-15, GV-17, 2 needles between GB-12 and
GB-20 and 2 needles between GB-20 and GV-16, total of 15 needles)
Technique: Reinforcing needle technique and moxibustion.
Use 1.5 cun #30 or #32 needles for all points and needle perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with even
movement technique. Retain needles for 20 minutes.
299
Plum Blossom
Treatment area: Ah Shi point, and Upper back.
Apply weak stimulation with a Plum Blossom needle on the painful and spasm area for 3 minutes. Next
apply medium stimulation to Ah Shi points of the shoulder and upper back for 2 minutes. Then use
cupping on the local area and retain them for 2 minutes.
Treat once every day for 2-3 treatments.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Shen men, Sub cortex, Cervical vertebrae, Upper back, and Sympathetic.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 needles obliquely at a 60-degree angle within the skin to a depth of 0.3 cun, applying
twisting reducing technique for 2-3 minutes. Meanwhile instruct the patient to move the neck until the pain
is reduced, then retaining all needles for 1 hour.
Treat once every day for 2-3 treatments.
Moxibustion
(For stiff neck due to External Invasion and cervical vertebra degenerative changes)
Use indirect moxibustion with ginger on GV-14 and BL-10 for 3-5 cones in each treatment. Then use cups
on other Ah Shi points for 1 minute after the moxa therapy.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Middle line of vertex and forehead, Lateral line one of the vertex, and the Upper lateral
occipital line.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these lines transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with fast twisting
needle technique and retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Upper back and Nape.
Apply weak stimulation of the Gua Sha on the nape area along the BL and GV meridians until red marks
appear. Then apply medium-level stimulation on the upper back from GV-14 to GV-10 and from BL-11 to
BL-17 and GB-21 until dark red marks appear.
Cupping
Points: GV-14, GB-21, BL-11, and SI-12.
Apply fire cups on these points for 5 minutes.
300
Neck Pain
For severely restricted range of motion of the neck due to pain related to the shoulder and upper back: GV-14. (Lei Jin Tu Yi)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique or the Long Hu Jiao Zhan—Dragon and Tiger Battle technique. Next, lift the needle up to just
beneath the skin and let the patient move the neck. This is considered one movement. Generally 2-3
movements will be required.
For neck pain and aversion to cold with shoulder and arm pain: SI-3. (Tong Xuan Zhi Yao Fu)
Insert 1 cun #30 or #32 needles into SI-3 on the painful side, with lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique. After obtaining the Qi sensation, retain the needles for 15 minutes or until the neck pain is
reduced.
For neck pain with Cold Damp Invasion, or stagnation in the meridians due to Qi and Blood Deficiency: GB-39 and Ah Shi.
(Qian Jing Fang)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GB-39 for 10 cones. Treat once a day for 5 treatments as a
course. Alternately, use a 1 cun #30 needle for GB-39 on the painful side. Insert the needle obliquely at a
45-60 degree angle, 0.8 cun deep with twisting reducing technique until the Qi moves upwards. Next, use
fire cups on the local Ah Shi points. Retain the needle for 20 minutes.
Treat once a day for 2-3 treatments as a course.
For acute neck pain severely restricting movement: SI-1, SI-2, SI-3, SI-5, SI-8, GB-12, BL-62, and BL-2.
(Qian Jing Fang)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles perpendicularly into SI-1, SI-2, SI-3, SI-5, and SI-8 with even movement technique
while the patient moves the neck. Then insert 1 cun #32 needles for BL-62, GB-12, and BL-2 with twisting
The following prescriptions are from the Zi Shen Jin.

For stiff neck with restricted front to back motion: BL-64 and BL-11.
For stiff neck with restricted right or left motion: BL-42, GB-21, SI-3, and TW-16.
For a contracted muscles on the nape of the neck: BL-10.
For nape, shoulder, and upper back pain: TW-8.
For each treatment above, the practitioner should use only three points from the above listing. Example:
BL-64, GB-21, and TW-8 are chosen. Insert 1 cun #30 needles about 0.5 cun deep with twisting even
movement technique until the Qi sensation is obtained. Retain the needles for 20 minutes. Treat once every
day for 3 treatments as a course.
For neck pain with tight muscles on the midline of the upper back: CV-24, GV-16, and SI-3. (Yi Xue Gang Mu)
Insert 1 cun #30needle into SI-3 with twisting reducing needle technique while the patient moves the neck.
Retain this needle. Next insert 1 cun #28or #30 needles for CV-24 and GV-16 to 0.3 cun deep. Using two
hands simultaneously stimulate the front and back of head with twisting even movement technique. Retain
the needles for 15 minutes, twisting the needles every 5 minutes.
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The following two prescriptions are from the Ling Shu, Chapter Zha Bin.
For neck pain with restricted forward and backward motion: Foot Tai Yang meridian.
For neck pain with restricted right and left motion: Hand Tai Yang meridian.
Palpate the meridian and choose 2-3 points-both local and distal. Insert 1 or 1.5 cun #30 needles into distal
points using even movement needle technique, and use 1 or 1.5 cun #30 needles for the local points with
warming needle technique for 3-4 cones.
Treat once every day for 2-3 treatments as a course.
For chronic neck injury with dizziness and dull pain in the muscles:
GB-39, GB-34, CV-6, TW-5, BL-3, SI-13, GB-20, GB-21, and Jia Ji (C1-7)
For Jia Ji, GB-20, GB-21, and SI-13 use 1 cun #30 needles inserted perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with
twisting reinforcing needle technique and retain for 10 minutes. For GB-39, GB-34, TW-5, BL-3, and CV-
6, use 1.5 cun #32 needles with twisting even movement needle technique.
CASE ANALYSIS
#1. A 55 year-old man presented with a main complaint of neck pain for 3 hours since awakening that morning.
Neck movement to the right and backward was difficult and painful. Tongue and pulse were normal.
Diagnosis: Qi and Blood stagnation in the Gallbladder Meridian.
Point Prescription: TW-5.
Apply acu-pressure on TW-5 for 2 minutes, while the patient moved the neck in the painful directions.
Result: Pain was resolved after 2 minutes and did not return.
#2. A 35 year-old woman presented with the main complaint of chronic neck pain for 5 years. Her history
includes a car accident when she was 17. The pain was located on the nape, upper back, and both shoulders,
particularly on the right side. At times her arms felt numb and shooting pain traveled down from the neck. The
pulse was wiry and the tongue was pale with a white thick coating.
Diagnosis: Qi and Blood stagnation in the local neck meridians.
Treatment Principle: Move the Qi and Blood and Reduce the pain.
Point Prescription: Xiang Cong Ci, CV-4, ST-36, TW-5, GB-39, SI-13, and GB-21.
Result: The pain completely resolved after 2 courses of treatment.
EVALUATION
Neck pains are one of the most common problems seen in the acupuncture clinic. The nature of the pain
can lead to irritability, dysfunction, and headaches. Understanding the causes of neck pain and arriving at the correct
diagnosis and the pathway of the meridians is the key to the appropriate curative treatment. Thus it is very
important to first determine the nature and cause of the originating pain. There are instances where acupuncture will
be useful as supplemental therapy in order to palliate neck pain due to chronic structural spine problems or tumors.
Complete resolution often does not occur in these cases. X-rays should be done to confirm these chronic
conditions. This will aid in diagnosis.
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Obesity
303
OBESITY
In modern civilized society it is very common to see people who are over weight. Most of the current
research shows it may be related to the daily habits of certain lifestyles and the diet of the culture, as well as
unhealthy emotional activity. In TCM theory it is related to the following factors:
Unhealthy Eating Habits

Over eating and uncontrolled eating makes for over-retainment of nutritious substances in the body leading
to obesity. It may also occur in individuals who have an addiction to some special food, particularly junk
food, or greasy oily food that leads to obesity due to fat accumulation.
Unhealthy Emotional Activity

When patients with depression, anxiety, stress or other unhealthy emotional stimulation that they are not
able to control well, they may increase their food intake in order to release these negative emotions. For
example, when someone quits smoking, the can put on over 20 or 30lbs while dealing with negative
emotions that are brought about do to the detoxification.
Liver and Gallbladder Qi Stagnation

Unhealthy emotional or other physical reasons, which make the Liver and Gallbladder Qi stagnate can cause
the secretion of bile to be decreased, slowing the digestion of food in the intestines and stomach. The body
then over absorbs the stagnate food causing obesity.

Chronic Qi and Yin Deficiency will lead to decreased body metabolism and as a result, edema will appear
and stagnate the whole body metabolism, leading to weight gain.
Blood Stagnation
Infection, bleeding, trauma or other problems can disrupt digestion leading to obesity. For example, after
pancreatitis, the swollen and stagnate pancreas decreases secretion of trypsase.
DIAGNOSIS

Over weight with frequent desire for food and difficulty controlling food and drink addictions. Associated
signs and symptoms are bloating in the abdominal region, irregular bowel movement, heart palpitations, and
shortness of breath aggravated after physical activity. The tongue is swollen with a greasy coating and the
pulse is slippery and weak.
Unhealthy Emotional Activity

Over weight with unhealthy emotional activities, such as anxiousness, depression, stress or restlessness, or
being in the process of withdrawing from cigarettes and other drugs. Symptoms associated with this pattern
are a stuffy sensation in chest, epigastric, and hypochondriac region, irritable bowel movement,
borborygmus, and belching, sighing, dream disturbed sleep, and morning fatigue. The tongue is dark with
thick coating and the pulse is wiry or tight.
304
Obesity

Over weight with distension, stuffy sensation in the hypochondriac and chest region, bloating abdomen,
hypochondriac pain, cholecystitis, irritability, tendency to anger, poor sleep with nightmare, irregular
sweating. In some woman cases irregular menstruation will common appear, and PMS. The tongue is red
and swollen in the edge with thick coating; pulse is wiry or slippery.

Over weight with deficiency, such as lassitude, shortness of breath, heart palpitations particularly after
physical activities, edema, and body aches. These main symptoms are associated with dizziness, blurry
vision, poor memory, and concentration difficulty in work and study. The tongue is red with white thin
coating or a greasy coating and the pulse is weak and fast.
Blood Stagnation
The main symptom is obesity with swollen organs or associated with past trauma/injury. Associated signs
and symptoms are fixed pain, heavy sensation throughout the body, irregular bowel movement, dark
complexion, even purple lips, and nails. The tongue is dark or purple in color with a thin white coating and
the pulse is choppy or wiry.

Treatment Principle: Harmonize the Stomach and Spleen, and Calm the mind.
Point Prescription: ST-34, SP-6, CV-12, LU-7, GV-20, and HT-7.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-34 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique, and insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-6 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Then
insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-12 perpendicularly with twisting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #34
needles into LU-7 obliquely, upwards against the flow of the meridian with twisting even movement needle
technique. Finally apply 1 cun #32 needles on GV-20 and HT-7 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain
all the needles for 25 minutes.
Stomach Heat: ST-44 and LI-3.
Frequent desire of food in the mouth: CV-23 and SP-4.
Anxious feeling: ST-9, GV-23, and PC-6.
Unhealthy Emotions
Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver, Calm the mind, and move the Qi.
Point Prescription: LI-4, LV-3, LU-5, ST-36, SP-7, and Yin Tang.
Technique: Applying 1.5 cun #32 needles for LV-3 obliquely towards KI-1 direction, 1 cun deep with the Sparrow
pecking technique, and 1 cun #34 needles into LI-4 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Then insert
1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-5, SP-7, and ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with waving needle technique.
Finally insert a 1 cun #34 needle into Yin Tang obliquely, towards the tip of nose with twisting reinforcing needle
305

Insomnia: GV-20, HT-7, and An Mian.
Headache: Tai Yang, GB-8, GV-23, and BL-10.
Anxiousness: PC-6, CV-14, BL-13, and BL-42.
Depression: GV-14, BL-11, BL-43, and BL-23.
Nausea: CV-12, PC-5, and BL-20.

Treatment Principle: Move the stagnation of Qi and Promote metabolism.
Point Prescription: GB-34, LV-2, LV-13, CV-13, BL-18, BL-19, and BL-23.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-34, CV-13, and LV-13 perpendicularly with twisting reducing needle
technique, and 1 cun #34 needles into LV-2 with twisting reducing needle technique. Than apply 1.5 cun #32
needles for BL-18, BL-19, and BL-23 perpendicularly with bending needle technique making the sensation of
needles travel along the BL meridian.
Irritable bowel movement: ST-25 and TW-6.
Restlessness and insomnia: HT-7 and GB-44.
Headache: GB-13, ST-8, and Yin Tang.
Bloating abdomen: CV-6 and CV-12.

Treatment Principle: Reinforce Qi and Yin, Promote the circulation of Qi and Blood.
Point Prescription: SP-6, KI-6, LU-9, TW-4, CV-6, ST-28, and LU-1.
Treat once twice a week for 10 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-6 obliquely towards the SP-7 direction with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, along with 1 cun #30 needles into KI-6 perpendicularly, 0.2-0.3 cun deep with Moving the Qi technique.
Then insert 1 cun #32 needles into LU-9 and TW-4 perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.4 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique, and insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-6 and ST-28 with lifting and thrusting even
movement technique. Finally apply 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-1 obliquely towards the shoulder direction at a 60-
degree angle to the skin, 1 cun deep with rubbing needle technique.
Restlessness: CV-14 and GV-23.
Shortness of breath and heart palpitations: PC-6 and ST-36.
Edema: CV-9 and BL-22 indirect moxibustion with ginger for 5 cones.
Irritable bowel movement: TW-6, LV-3, and ST-25.
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Obesity
Blood Stagnation
Treatment Principle: Promote Blood circulation, Resolve the stagnation, and Reinforcing the Qi.
Point Prescription: SP-4, LI-4, LV-8, TW-5, CV-6, and CV-19.
Treat once twice a week, for 10 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-4 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with the White Tiger shakes its
Head technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4, LV-8, and TW-5 perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with
twisting reducing needle technique. Then insert a 1.5 cun or 3 cun (depending on the patient’s size) needle in CV-6
perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Finally apply a 1.5 cun #32 needle
on CV-19 obliquely towards CV-18, 1 cun deep with the Inserting the Qi technique. Retain all the needles for 30
minutes.
Additional point for other symptoms:
Edema: SP-9, LI-11, and LV-13.
Insomnia: GV-20, An Mian, and HT-7.
Leg pain: LV-3, Ba Feng, and ST-34.
Bloating abdomen: CV-6 and CV-12.
Shortness of breath: CV-17, PC-6, and PC-8.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Liver, Stomach, Shen Men, Endocrine, Heart, and Brain stem.
Select 3-4 points in each treatment, applying 0.5 cun #34 ear needles for these points, obliquely at a 60-
degree angle to the skin with a fast twisting technique (over 200times/min) and retain all needles for 1 hour.
Treat once every other day for 10 treatments as a course. Every treatment can use only one side of ear.
Intradermal Needles
Points: SP-4, LU-7, PC-6, BL-13, GV-14, and GV-8.
Apply intradermal needles in these points, and retain them for 1 week in winter and 2-3 days in summer, 5
treatments as a course.
Cupping
Treatment area: CV-8, ST-28, and upper and mid-back.
Apply fire cups on CV-8 and ST-28 for 5 minutes, then use moving cups both sides of the BL meridian
from BL-11 to BL-20 until red marks appear on the meridian.
Bloodletting
Points: LV-1, ST-45, LI-1, SI-1, PC-3, BL-40, and Tai Yang.
Select 2 to 3 points in each treatment, applying bloodletting technique and squeeze 3-4 drops of blood from
each point.
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Foot Acupuncture
Points: Li Nei Ting, Liver, Stomach, Intestine, and Head.
Before the needle treatment, massage these points to warm up the foot and reduced the pain threshold.
Then apply 0.5 cun #34 needles for these points perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.4 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique. Retain all the needles for 40 minutes.
Treat twice a week, for 10 treatments as a course.
(Or apply acu-pressure technique instead of needles if patient is adverse to needle treatment.)
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zone: Lateral line 3 of forehead, and Middle and Lateral line 2 of the vertex.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these treatment zones obliquely, at 45-degree to the skin with a withdrawing
Qi technique and retain the all the needles for 50 minutes.
TRADITIONAL PRECRIPTONS AND TECHNIQUES
For over weight due to disharmony of the Stomach and Spleen: ST-34 and SP-6. (Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-34 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, and then insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-6 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
(According to the author’s experience, it is better to apply ear press balls after the
treatments.)
For over weight due to water retention: TW-4, SP-5, LV-8, PC-3, and ST-25. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into TW-4 and SP-5 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep only with the Inserting Qi
technique until the sensation of needle travels from the points. Then insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-8
and PC-3 perpendicularly with the Zi Wu Dao Jiu—Mortar and Pestle technique. Finally insert 1.5 cun #32
needles into ST-25 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
For over weight due to phlegm stagnation: ST-40, LV-13, TW-6, and CV-17. (Bai Zhen Fu)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-40, TW-6, and LV-13 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with the Zi Wu Dao
Jiu needle technique. Then insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-17 obliquely towards CV-16 with rubbing
For over weight due to a Stomach and Spleen disharmony: LI-10, ST-36, LV-3, and SP-8. (Biao You Fu)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-10 perpendicularly with twisting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun
#30 needles into ST-36 with lifting and thrusting even movement needle technique. Then insert 1.5 cun
#32 needles into SP-8 perpendicularly with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique, and 1 cun
#34 needles into LV-3 with even movement twisting needle technique.
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Obesity
For over weight with Blood Stagnation: SP-10, SP-6, ST-40, BL-17, BL-19, and BL-23.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-10 and SP-6 with the White Tiger shakes its Head technique, and insert
1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-40 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement technique. Retain
Then insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-17, BL-19, and BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and
thrusting even movement and waving technique until red marks appear near the points. Retain all the
For over weight due to Liver and Gallbladder Qi Stagnation:
LV-4, GB-43, LV-14, LV-13, ST-25, BL-18, BL-15, and BL-19 (Zhong Guo Zhen Jiu)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-4 and GV-43 with twisting even movement needle technique and 1.5 cun
#32 needles into ST-25 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Then insert 1.5 cun #32
needles perpendicularly into LV-13 about one cun deep, and transversely insert into LV-14 along the edge
of the rib, applying electric stimulation with irregular waves for 20 minutes. Finally insert 1 cun #30 needles
into BL-15, BL-18, and BL-19 with waving technique retaining all the needles on the back for 10 minutes.
For over weight due to stagnation of the Liver Qi:
GV-14, BL-11, BL-10, BL-43, BL-45, BL-23, LV-3, CV-14, ST-25, and Yin Tang
Apply 1.5 cun #32 needles on GV-14, BL-11, and BL-10 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique, and then insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-43, BL-45, and BL-23
perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.4 cun deep with waving technique. Retain all the needles for 10 minutes. Then
insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3, CV-14, and Yin Tang with twisting even movement technique, and 1.5
cun #32 needles into ST-25 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all the needles for
15 minutes.
For over weight due to food addiction: CV-24, CV-21, LI-14, TW-10, ST-34, and SP-6.
(Zhe Jiang Zhong Yi Zha Zhi)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-14, ST-34, TW-10, and SP-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting
reducing needle technique. Then insert a 1 cun #32 needle into CV-21 obliquely downwards with fast
twisting needle technique. Finally insert a 1 cun #32 needle into CV-24 perpendicularly, 0.2 cun deep with
twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all the needles for 20 minutes.
For over weight complaints with edema: LI-4, LV-3, SP-9, LI-11, TW-14, LI-15, GB-29, ST-25, and GV-13.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-9, LI-11, TW-14, and LI-15 with the Zi Wu Dao Jiu technique, and 1
cun #34 needles into LI-4 and LV-3 with twisting even movement needle technique. Then insert 1.5 cun
#32 needles into GB-29 and ST-25 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with the Zi Wu Dao Jiu needle technique.
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-13 with twisting reducing needle technique and take out the needle
when the sensation of the Qi travels.
309
For over weight due to food addiction: BL-10, BL-20, BL-43, BL-49, GV-9, LU-5, LV-8, CV-19, and CV-23.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-10, BL-20, and GV-9 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with waving needle
technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-43 and BL-49 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with the Qi Ci
Then insert 1 cun #30 needles into LU-5, LV-8, and CV-19 with twisting even movement needle technique,
finally applying a 1 cun #32 needle into CV-23 with Flying needle technique until the saliva increases. Retain
all the needles for 20 minutes.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 55-year-old white female patient (5’ 05”) came to my acupuncture clinic in order to reduce her weight.
Since menopause her OBGYN doctor put her on hormone replacement that increased her weight to over 195
pounds from her regular 115 pounds. She felt tired, experienced lassitude, dizziness, and vertigo at times, she had
difficulty concentrating during work, had edema, and shortness of breath, and heart palpitations. These main
symptoms were associated with stress and more frequent dream at night, and sleepiness during the day. The tongue
was swollen, red in the tip and edges and her pulse was deep and weak.
Diagnosis: Over weight due to Qi and Yin Deficiency.
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Qi and Yin and Promote circulation.
Point Prescription: SP-6, ST-36, KI-3, LU-9, TW-4, CV-6, ST-28, Yin Tang, BL-13, BL-20, BL-15, and BL-23.
Treat once a week for 10 treatments as a course
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-13, BL-20, BL-15, and BL-23 perpendicularly, 0.7–1.2 cun deep (BL-20
and BL-23 1.2 cun deep and the others 0.7 cun) with waving technique and lifting, thrusting, reducing technique.
Then insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-6, ST-36, CV-6, and ST-28 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with lifting
and thrusting reducing needle technique, and apply 1 cun #34 needles into KI-3, LU-9, and TW-4 with twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Finally insert a 1 cun #34 needle into Yin Tang obliquely towards the nose with
twisting even movement technique.
Result: After one course treatment (10 times), she gradually stopped her drugs and the weight reduced from 195 to
155 pounds. After a second course treatment, her weight dropped to 125 pounds. The rest of the treatment helped
to recover from the loose belly skin only (acupuncture is very effective to recover that kind of loose skin instead of
plastic surgery).
EVALUATION
Acupuncture is very effective for the treatment of over weight patients. The treatment effects come from
two aspects:
• Helping some physical problems, such as helping soothe the Liver Qi and help increase Gallbladder
and other digestion related functions in order to help food stagnation pass the digestive tracts, as
well as resolving Blood Stagnation and water retention to promote metabolism.
• Helping emotional problems, to reduced food desire, addiction, and craving of some specific food,
calming the mind and getting rid of anxiousness, stress, and depression.
It is very important to encourage patients to keep a routine life and schedule, good emotions, normal exercise, and
healthy eating habits within the course of treatment as well as insist on a whole section/course of treatment in order
to obtain the best results.
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Proctoptosia—Anal Prolapse
311
PROCTOPTOSIA—ANAL PROLAPSE
Proctoptosia refers to prolapse of the anus. This is a very serious yet common disorder in which the
patient’s rectum actually falls out of the anus. In TCM anal prolapse is caused by Middle Warmer Qi Deficiency,
usually after chronic diarrhea, or another chronic diseases. It most commonly occurs in senile patients, children, or
women after labor.
DIAGNOSIS
Deficiency type
The patient will feel a swollen and burning sensation after bowel movement with little prolapses, particularly
when tired or experiencing emotional difficulty. As the disease develops, the symptoms worsen, often with
severe prolapse that is hard retract and associated signs such as pale complexion, lassitude, heart
palpitations, and dizziness. The tongue is pale with a thin white coating and the pulse is thin, floating, and
weak.
Excess type
Symptoms usually appear after acute hemorrhoids or frequent diarrhea with tenesmus and a painful and
burning sensation in the local area. The tongue is red with a thin yellow coating and the pulse is fast and
wiry.
Deficiency type
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Lung and Spleen Qi.
Point Prescription: GV-20, GV-1, LU-9, SP-3, BL-20, BL-13, BL-24, and CV-6.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-1 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-1 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 45-degree angle towards GV-19 direction
with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into LU-9 and SP-3 perpendicularly,
0.3-0.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique and apply moxa-pole on CV-6 for 20 minutes. Insert 1
cun #32 needles into BL-13 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique, and
1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-20 and BL-24 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones.
Heart palpitation: PC-6 and ST-36.
Dizziness: KI-3 and LV-8.
312
Excess type
Treatment Principle: Clear the Heat and Resolve the Damp.
Point Prescription: GV-1, BL-25, BL-32, BL-40, ST-25, ST-40, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-1 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, and take the needle out after the Qi travels near the anus area. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-
25, BL-32, and BL-40 with twisting reducing needle technique.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-25, ST-40, and SP-6 with twisting reducing needle technique.
Fever: LI-11.
Severe prolapse: GV-20 and TW-6.
Painful and itching sensation on the anus: LV-2 and SP-2.
Pricking Technique
Treatment area: Low back
Look for some dots in red or black color, 1-1.5 cun bilateral from L-3 to S-2, apply a pricking technique
with a three-edge needle, to squeeze out some yellowish liquid.
Treat once every week for 3 treatments as a course
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Rectum, Sub cortex, Shen Men, and Large intestine.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles into these points obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 45-degree angle with twisting
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Middle and Lateral line of the vertex.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these lines transversely, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing
Cupping
Treatment area: Low back and Lower abdomen.
Apply fire moving cups on the low back from L-2 to S-4 along the BL and GV meridians up and down until
red marks appear, then apply fire cups on CV-6 and ST-25 for 3 minutes.
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Moxibustion
Direct moxibustion: SP-3, LI-3, GV-2, and GV-3.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on SP-3 and LI-3 for 5 cones, and on GV-2 and GV-3 for
11 cones.
Indirect moxibustion: GV-2, CV-6, and ST-28.
Apply indirect moxibustion with Fu Zi (aconite) cake on GV-2 for 5 cones and on CV-6 and ST-28
for 3 cones.
Moxa-pole: GV-20, ST-37, and GV-1.
Apply moxa pole on these points for 15 minutes.
For Proctoptosia with cold sensation in the abdomen: PC-6, GV-20, GV-4, GV-1, and BL-57. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-1 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique and take the needle out after the sensation of the Qi travels to the anus. Insert 1.5 cun #32
needles into BL-57 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply direct
non-scarring moxibustion on GV-4 for 9 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into PC-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun
deep with twisting even movement needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for
3 cones. Insert a 1 cun #30 needle into GV-20 obliquely, 0.5-0.8 cun deep towards GV-19 direction with
twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa-pole on the side of point for 15 minutes.
For Proctoptosia with cold-watery diarrhea: CV-9. (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-9 for 20 cones.
Treat twice a week for 5 treatments (100 cones) as a course.
For Proctoptosia with deficiency of Qi and Blood: CV-8, GV-1, and ST-9. (Zhen Jiu Feng Yuan)
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-8 for 5 cones, direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-9 for
10 cones and apply moxa-pole on GV-1 for 20 minutes.
For Proctoptosia with chronic severe hemorrhoids: GV-20, GV-1, Er Bai, and Jing Gong. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique into Er
Bai and Jing Gong—an extra point located 3 cun bilateral from CV-3, often called Zi Gong in women, but
called Jing Gong for men. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-20 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree
angle towards GV-19 with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-1
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique, applying moxa-pole on the side
for 20 minutes.
For paedatric proctoptosia: GV-20, GV-2, and CV-8. (Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing)
Apply moxa-pole on GV-20 for 15 minutes and apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-2 for 3
cones. Then apply indirect moxibustion with salt and ginger on CV-8 for 3 cones.
314
For Proctoptosia with deficiency of the Qi: GV-20, SP-4, ST-30, BL-38, and GV-2. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-38 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique, and apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-2 for 11 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needle into
GV-20 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 45-degree angle and apply moxa-pole on the side for 10 minutes. Insert
1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-30 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique, 1
cun #34 needles into SP-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with even movement needle technique and apply
For Proctoptosia with deficiency of the Kidney: GV-4, BL-57, BL-20, BL-23, and Yao Yan. (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-20, BL-23, and BL-57 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting
reinforcing needle technique, and apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-4 and Yao Yan for 9 cones.
For Proctoptosia with watery diarrhea and deficiency of Qi: CV-4, CV-8, ST-25, BL-32, BL-57, and GV-14. (Qian Jing Fang)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-25 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones. Apply indirect moxibustion with salt
and ginger on CV-8 for 5 cones, and with ginger on CV-4 for 5 cones. Insert 2 cun #30 needles into BL-32
perpendicularly, 1.8 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the
handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-57 and GV-14 with twisting even
movement needle technique.
For Proctoptosia with deficiency of Qi: LU-5, SP-8, BL-58, and BL-54. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into LU-5 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-8 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement
Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-54 obliquely, 2.5 cun deep at a 70-degree towards front genital region with
twisting even movement needle technique and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-58 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique.
For Proctoptosia with Damp-Heat: BL-25, BL-40, BL-22, SP-6, SP-9, and ST-25. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 2 cun #30 needles into BL-25 perpendicularly, 1.5-1.8 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique, and 1 cun #30 needles into BL-40 with the open-close acupuncture whole reducing needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-22 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-6 and SP-9 perpendicularly with lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-25 perpendicularly with twisting even movement needle
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CASE ANALYSIS
A 42-year-old male patient presented with the main complaint of Proctoptosia for 16 years, caused by
chronic dysentery. Six years ago the problem became much worse, taking over 10 minutes to put it back every time
he moved his bowels. Associated signs and symptoms were a pale complexion, lassitude, dizziness and vertigo, and
heart palpitations. The tongue was pale and swollen with a white thin coating and the pulse was thin and weak. The
prolapsed rectum was red and over 5 cm long.
Diagnosis: Proctoptosia with deficiency of the Qi.
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Qi.
Point Prescription: TW-6, CV-6, CV-4, ST-36, GV-20, and GV-1.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into TW-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #34 needles into ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-4 and CV-6 for 5 cones. Insert a 1 cun #30 needle into
GV-20 obliquely, 0.8 cun deep at a 45-degree angle backwards with twisting reinforcing needle technique and apply
moxa pole on the side for 15 minutes. Then insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-1 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep
with twisting reducing even movement needle technique and take the needle out when the sensation travels towards
anus.
Result: The symptoms improved after 5 treatments and the rectum returned after one course of treatments. All was
cured after 2-courses of treatment.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion is very effective for treating Proctoptosia, particularly due to Qi Deficiency
or chronic hemorrhoids, such as in senile patients, children, and women after labor. During the treatment the patient
should keep good habits of bowel movement and do some exercise. Sometimes it is necessary for acupuncture to be
performed with herbal therapy and others therapies when the prolapsed rectum is infected. Usually if the disorder is
not severe enough to threaten the patient’s life, it is recommended to seek TCM therapy because most western
treatments dictate surgery.
316
Shoulder Pain
317
SHOULDER PAIN
Shoulder pain is a chronic, inflammatory, and possibly degenerative disease of the shoulder joint capsule
and the surrounding soft tissues. It is principally due to exposure to Cold, trauma, and chronic strain of the
shoulder. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, shoulder pain is classified as a Bi syndrome—meaning that a Wind-
Cold-Damp Pathogenic Influence has caused the shoulder pain.
DIAGNOSIS
In diagnosing shoulder pain, the key factor is distinguishing which Pathogenic Influence is most dominant.
• If Wind is predominant the tendons will mainly be affected manifesting as tendonitis. The pain may travel
up from the shoulder to the upper back and nape area, or travel down to the arm and fingers.
• If Cold is predominant, the bone will be affected with the main symptom being a severe, deep, cold pain in
the shoulder that is aggravated by cold and reduced by warmth.
• If Dampness is predominant, the muscle is mostly affected. The shoulder pain in this case will be a more
constant dull pain and the local muscle will be swollen and painful to the touch.
Later stage shoulder pain is referred to as frozen shoulder in TCM. In these cases there is severe stagnation in the
joint. Pain in the shoulder radiates to the neck and back, worsens at night, and is aggravated by movement of the
shoulder. Active and passive movements of the shoulder joint in all directions are greatly limited, especially
abduction, lateral rotation and backward extension.
Wind-Cold-Damp Invasion
Treatment Principle: Expel the Wind, Cold, and Damp, and Reduce the pain.
Point Prescription: LI-15, SI-9, TW-14, LI-11, and TW-5.
The treatment is once every other day for 5 to 7 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-15, SI-9, and TW-14, puncturing perpendicularly in the direction of
HT-1 (towards the inside of the shoulder joint) 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique or
with Long Hu Jiao Zhan—Dragon and Tiger Battle technique. Retain the needles for 20 minutes. Alternately use
warming needle technique for 3 cones after the patient feels the Qi and a warm sensation in the shoulder joint. Use
1 cun #30 needles for LI-11 and TW-5 with twisting even movement technique then retain the needles for 20
minutes.
Anterior shoulder pain: LU-5 and LU-9.
Posterior shoulder pain: SI-3 and SI-8.
Qi and Blood Deficiency: CV-6 and ST-36.
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Shoulder Pain
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Anterior oblique line from the vertex to temple and Lateral line 1 of the vertex. (healthy
side)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these lines transversely, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, meanwhile let the patient move the painful arm as large an amplitude as possible. Retain
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Shoulder, Shoulder joint, Clavicle, Ah shi points, and Sub cortex.
Select 2-3 points during each treatment. Insert 0.5 cun #32 needles obliquely at a 60-degree angle using fast
twisting technique. Have the patient move the stiff shoulder joint during needle insertion, and then retain
Cupping
Points: Ah Shi points.
First quickly puncture the point using a blood letting needle or three edge needle and expel 2-3 drops of
blood, then apply a fire cup on this area for 1 minute.
Electro-Acupuncture
Point: Ah Shi points.
Look for two Ah Shi points on the local shoulder joint: the primary painful point is found as the patient
moves the shoulder and the another one will be found by the practitioner’s palpation. Insert 1.5 cun 30 #
needles into the points perpendicularly, 0.8-1.2 cun deep with twisting even movement technique. Attach
the negative end of the wire to the primary point. Stimulate using dense disperse wave pattern for 20
minutes.
319
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF SHOULDER PAIN

ACCORDING TO MERIDIAN DISTRIBUTION
Yang Ming Type
Shoulder pain located in the LI-15 and LI-16 area. Patient can barely abduct the arm.
Point Prescription: Main points are ST-38 through to BL-57.
Supplemental points include LI-15 through to HT-1, SI-4, TW-14, and LI-11.
Technique: Insert a 3 cun #30 needle perpendicularly into ST-38 toward BL-57 to a depth of 2-2.5 cun with lifting
and thrusting or twisting reducing needle technique. Meanwhile have the patient move the shoulder joint until a
warm sensation on the palm is felt. Then insert a 2 cun or 3 cun #30 needle into LI-15 perpendicularly towards HT-
1 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain the needles for 20 minutes.
Use 1 cun #30 needles for SI-4, TW-14, and LI-11 inserting with twisting even movement technique. Retain the
needles for 20 minutes after the patient feels the Qi sensation.
Tai Yang Type

Shoulder pain that occurs in the posterior aspect of the shoulder joint, usually with the motion of crossover
adduction. The patient will have difficulty crossing the affected arm over to touch the other shoulder.
Point Prescription: Main points are SI-6 towards PC-6 or SI-3 towards PC-8, and BL-58 towards BL-62.
Supplemental points include SI-13, SI-10, and SI-9.
The treatment is once every other day for 7 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into SI-6 0.3-0.5 cun deep perpendicularly towards PC-6 with twisting
reducing technique. Meanwhile have the patient move the shoulder. Retain the needle for 20 minutes.
Then insert a 3 cun #30 needle into BL-58 subcutaneously towards BL-62 to a 2 cun depth without any technique.
Next insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SI-13, SI-10, and SI-9 perpendicularly to a depth of 1.2 cun using twisting even
movement technique and retain the needles for 20 minutes after patient feels the Qi sensation.
Shao Yang Type

Shoulder pain located mainly on the lateral aspect of the shoulder with lateral or outward rotation of the
arm being the most difficult.
Point Prescription: Main points are TW-5 through to PC-6, and GB-34.
Supplemental points include TW-14, TW-1, GB-20, and GB-21.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into TW-5 perpendicularly towards PC-6 to a depth of 1 cun with twisting
even movement technique while the patient moves the shoulder joint. Retain the needle for 20 minutes. Next insert
a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GB-34 towards SP-9 to a depth of 1.2 cun with lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique. Then, insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into TW-14, TW-13, GB-20, and GB-21, puncturing 0.8-1.2 cun deep
with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
320
Shoulder Pain
Tai Yin Type

Shoulder pain with a dull achy sensation on the anterior and lateral aspects of shoulder. The patient cannot
lift the arm and move it backwards.
Point Prescription: Main points are LU-7 through to LU-9, and SP-8.
Supplemental points include Jian Nei Ling, LU-1, and LU-5.
Treatment is once every other day for 7 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needle into LU-7 subcutaneously towards LU-9 to a depth of 0.8-1.2 cun with
twisting reinforcing needle technique. Next insert a 1 cun #30 needle for SP-8 using twisting reinforcing technique.
Then insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into Jian Nei Ling, LU-5, and LU-1 perpendicularly with twisting even movement
Jue Yin Type

Shoulder pain located at the lower anterior area of the shoulder near Jian Nei Ling point. The arm has
difficulty moving forward.
Point Prescription: Main points are PC-6 and LV-3.
Supplemental points are Jian Gen and PC-2
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-6 and LV-3 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles for Jian Gen and PC-2 with even movement needle technique. Retain
For severe shoulder pain: LI-15, TW-10, LI-11, SI-5, TW-1. (Shen Yin Jin)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needle into LI-15 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with Long Hu Jiao Zhan—Dragon and
Tiger Battle technique for 3 sets. Then withdraw the needle beneath the skin let the patient move the
shoulder. Re-insert the needle and repeat the procedure for another 3 sets. Apply moxa wool on the handle
of the needle for 3 cones. Retain the needle for 20 minutes. Insert 1 cun 30 # needles into TW-10, LI-11,
and SI-5 perpendicularly, about 0.5 cun deep with lifting the thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain
the needles for 20 minutes. Puncture TW-1 using a 0.5 cun #26 needle and expel 1-2 drops of blood, then
close the point.
The following techniques are from the Zhen Zhi Zun Shen.
For shoulder and arm pain when raising the shoulder/arm close to the head: LI-15 and SI-4.
For shoulder and arm soreness with a heavy sensation: TW-6, TW-1, and SI-12.
For shoulder pain related to the neck, scapula and arm: KI-1.
For a shoulder that is difficult to move: LI-16.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into local points with lifting thrusting reducing needle technique or twisting
reducing technique. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into distal points with twisting even movement technique or
the Qing Long Bai Wei—Green Dragon Waves its Tail technique in order to move the Qi.
321
For swelling, pain, and burning sensation in the shoulder and upper back region: TW-14, BL-12, BL-11, and TW-3.
(Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1.5 cun #28 needles into TW-14, BL-12, and BL-11 perpendicularly, 0.8-1.2 cun deep with twisting
reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into TW-3 obliquely towards TW-4 with twisting even
movement technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
The treatment is twice a week for 7 treatments as a course.
For pain and heaviness in the shoulder which inhibits the raising motion of the arm: LI-11and TW-14. (Zi Shen Jin)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into LI-11 with lifting and thrusting reducing technique while the patient moves
the shoulder. Next insert a 1.5 cun #28 needle into TW-14 with the Long Hu Jiao Zhan—Dragon and Tiger
battle technique. Retain the needles for 20 minutes.
Treatment is once every day for 7 treatments as a course.
For sensations of bone fracture in the shoulder: SI-6 and BL-10. (Qian Jing Fan)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into BL-10 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with rubbing technique until the Qi
travels down to the shoulder. Then insert a 1 cun #30 needle for SI-6 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with
twisting reducing technique. Retain the all the needles for 30 minutes. Apply a fire cup on the local pain
area for 2 minutes after the treatment.
For frozen shoulder: Jian Nei Ling and ST-38. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-38 obliquely, 1-1.2 cun deep at a 60-degree angle towards BL-57 with
twisting even movement needle technique, meanwhile let patient move the painful shoulder in a large
movement as possible for 3 to 5 minutes. Insert 2 or 3 cun #30 needle into Jian Nei Ling perpendicularly,
1.5-2 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the
For shoulder pain with Qi Deficiency: GB-34, ST-36, CV-6, LI-15, SI-10, and TW-14. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-6, GB-34, and ST-36 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with twisting
reinforcing needle technique and apply moxa-wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32
needles into LI-15, SI-10, and TW-14 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting even movement
322
Shoulder Pain
CASE ANALYSIS
A 54 year-old female patient presented with a main complaint of right shoulder pain for 2 years. It began as
a constant dull ache and heavy sensation. Recently the pain had become more severe and was accompanied by a
cold sensation. The pain was worse at night and woke her during sleep. She had difficulty lifting the arm up and the
local muscles were atrophied. For the past two weeks the shoulder had become progressively more frozen, limiting
motion, especially abduction, extorsion (lateral rotation) and backward extension. The shoulder pain was aggravated
by cold and released with warmth. Other symptoms included lower energy, dizziness, and loose bowel movement.
The tongue was pale with a white coating and the pulse was weak.
Diagnosis: Cold Bi Syndrome on the right shoulder with Qi and Blood Deficiency.
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Qi and Blood and Expel the Cold.
Point Prescription: LI-15, SI-9, TW-14, LI-11, ST-38, CV-6, BL-43, and BL-10.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-15, SI-9, and TW-14 to a depth of 0.5 cun with twisting reinforcing
needle technique. Apply moxa wool to the handle of the needles for 3 cones each. Next insert 1.5 cun #30 needles
into LI-11, ST-38, CV-6, and BL-10 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique.
Result: One course of treatment should alleviate all symptoms.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective for treating shoulder pain, especially if begun early in the
pain process. Diagnosis and needle technique plays an important role in the treatment in order to make sure the
shoulder pain is not a secondary problem of other organs. An X-ray exam is strongly recommended before the
treatment. During the treatment course the patient should be encouraged to keep doing stretching and
strengthening exercises particularly if the shoulder is frozen. However, the exercise should be monitored or at least
following limitations to reduce future pain and stress on the tissue.
323
STOP SMOKING
Cigarettes are very addictive and hard to stop. During withdrawal many people could have serious physical
symptoms such as headache, bloating abdomen, restlessness, nausea, etc. However, most people suffer from some
psychological disorders such as anxiety, depression, stress, restlessness, or even fitful dreams in which they are
smoking! Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment can help both physiological and psychological ways. The main
symptoms of withdrawal may manifest as many different clinical diagnostics. The following are the most common.
DIAGNOSIS
Qi Stagnation
Induced by withdrawal, particularly in patients’ predisposed to Liver Qi Stagnation. The main signs and
symptoms are: achy and stiffness sensations in some parts of body or extremities, sighing, belching,
distention and distending sensation in the chest, hypochondriac and abdominal region, irritable bowel
movement with cramping or bloating sensations, and a bitter taste in the mouth. The tongue is swollen and
pulse is wiry.
Weakness of the Heart Shen

Clinical manifestations of this pattern are heart palpitations and insomnia, along with an irregular lifestyle.
Associated signs are slight temple or vertex headache, blurry vision, difficulty to focus, and restlessness. The
tip and edge of the tongue will be red with thin while coating, and the pulse will be slippery or weak.
Yin Deficiency
The main symptoms will be hot flushes, red complexion, pale lips, dizziness and vertigo, heart palpitations
with night sweating and low-grade fever, and hands or body tremors. Associated signs are nausea, loose
stool, nightmares or insomnia. The tongue is pale with less or no coating and the pulse is tight and deep or
irregular.
Along with the prescriptions below, the practitioner should make sure patients really want to
quit smoking and teach them how to avoid smoking desires before beginning any treatment.
Qi Stagnation
Treatment Principle: Move the Qi stagnation and Calm the mind.
Point Prescription: GV-20, LV-13, CV-6, LU-7, LV-5, SP-4, and TW-6.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-13, CV-6, SP-4, and TW-6 perpendicularly with lifting and thrusting
even movement technique, and then insert 1 cun #34 needles into LU-7 obliquely in the upward direction against
the meridian flow, with twisting reducing needle technique. Finally insert a 1 cun #30 needle into GV-20 obliquely
towards GV-19, 0.5 cun deep with withdrawing Qi technique. Retain all the needles for 15 minutes.
Restlessness: Yin Tang and HT-7.
Joint and muscle aches: GB-34 and BL-11.
324
Stop Smoking
Weakness of the Heart Shen

Treatment Principle: Regulate Heart Qi and Calm the Shen.
Point Prescription: LV-3, LI-4, CV-14, CV-6, GV-23, GB-13, and Tian Mei—located between LI-5 and LU-7.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into GV-23 and GB-13 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with fast twisting technique
(twist needles over 200 times/min), then insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-4, LV-3, CV-14 and CV-6
perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting even movement needle technique. Finally insert 1 cun
#30 needles into Tian Mei perpendicularly, 0.2-0.3 cun deep with slow twisting technique until the sensation travels
up to the arms or the patient feels an increase in saliva secretion. Retain all the needles for 20 minutes.
Nightmares: BL-42, BL-44, BL-10, and An Mian.
Headache: GB-4 and Tai Yang.
Poor memory: GV-26.
Yin Deficiency
Treatment Principle: Reinforce Blood and Calm the mind.
Point Prescription: BL-15, BL-13, BL-23, GV-11, KI-7, HT-5, and GV-23.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-15, BL-13, BL-23, and GV-11 with waving needle technique until the Qi
spreads around the local area or red marks appear near the point, retaining all the needles for 10 minutes. Then
insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into KI-7 and HT-5 perpendicularly with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and insert
a 1 cun #30 needle into GV-23 obliquely towards GV-22 with a withdrawing Qi technique.
Hot flushes: Four flowers.
Bloating abdomen: ST-36 and CV-6.
Muscle tenderness and shaking: LV-8 and LI-11.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Mouth, Lung, Heart, Shoulder, Shen Men, Sympathetic, and Liver.
Select 3 points in each treatment, inserting 0.5 cun #34 ear needles into these three points obliquely, at a 45-
degree with fast twisting needle technique and retain all the needles for 45 minutes.
(Or apply press-balls on these points and keep for a week in the winter and 3 days in the summer. Let
patients press the balls 3 times daily or whenever they feel the smoking desire.)
325
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zone: Mid-line and Lateral line 2 of the vertex, and the Upper middle line of the occiput.
Apply 1 cun #32 needles for these lines, inserting the needles obliquely at a 60-degree angle with lifting and
trusting even movement needle technique every 10 minutes during the 45-60 minutes retention times.
Plum Blossom
Treatment areas:
Chest (from CV-17 to CV-21), Forearm (from LU-5 to LU-7), Upper Back (from BL-11 to BL-15), and SI-
11
Apply plum blossom needling from the chest to forearm and upper back with medium stimulation
technique, until red marks appear with one or two drops of blood in each area.
Treat twice a week, 3 treatments as a course, most of the time this will be combined with another therapy.
Intradermal
Points: LU-7, BL-13, BL-15, and GB-39.
Apply intradermal needles for these points and retain the needles for 3 days in the summer and 5 days in the
winter.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: PC-3, BL-40, HT-1, and ST-9.
Apply Gua Sha starting from PC-3, then BL-40, then HT-1, and finally ST-9 as the last point with any kind
of oil to smooth the skin.
Treat once a week for 2 treatments as s course—most commonly combined with another therapy.

Treatment lines: Upper 1 and 6; Lower 2 and 5.
Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into these lines with transverse insertion technique without any needle technique
or any sensation. Retain all the needles for 45 minutes.
Nose Acupuncture
Points: Lung, Liver, and Large Intestine.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.1-0.2 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique and retain all the needles for 20 minutes.
326
Stop Smoking
EFFECTIVE PRESCRIPTIONS AND TECHNIQUES

For stopping smoking: Tian Mei—extra point (located between LU-7 and LI-4). (TCM Magazine)
Have the patient hold their breath and apply 1 cun #30 needles perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting
even movement needle technique, and have them then take a slow and long exhalation when the have felt
the sensation of the needle—which in most cases travels upwards or directly to the mouth causing increased
saliva. Then instruct the patient to do some breathing movement during the treatment in order to help the
lung function. The patient will not like the taste of cigarettes after the treatment.
Treat once daily, for 5 treatments as a course. Or apply with other points together.
For severe desire to smoke: PC-6, Yin Tang, GV-20, LU-7, LI-4, and ST-36. (Zhe Jing TCM Magazine)
Insert one cun #34 needles into Yin Tang obliquely towards the nose, and a 1 cun #32 needle into GV-20
obliquely towards GV-19 with fast twisting needle technique. Then insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-6, LI-
4, and ST-36 perpendicularly with waving technique and 1 cun #34 needles into LU-7 obliquely upwards.
For stopping smoking: GV-20 and HT-7 with ear points Shen Men and Lung (Acupuncture Magazine)
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-20 obliquely towards GV-19 1 cun deep with withdrawing Qi
technique and then needle HT-7 with 1 cun #34 needles. Retain all the needles for 25 minutes. Add press-
balls on the ear points for 7 days in winter and 4 days in the summer and let the patients press them 3-4
times a day, particularly when they desire to smoke.
For stopping smoking: Ear points: Shen Men and Lung. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Ji Jing)
Apply 0.5 cun #34 ear needles obliquely into Shen Men and the Lung point one side with fast twisting
needle technique until a warm sensation appears, and then add electro-stimulation on these two points with
high frequency waves for 20 minutes. Before the patient finishes treatment, put press-balls on the other
side—same points. Retain them for 7 days.
For stopping smoking with anxiousness: GV-20, CV-14, CV-6, HT-7, GB-39, and Tian Mei.(Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into Tian Mei perpendicularly with twisting even movement needle technique, and
apply a 1 cun #30 needle on GV-20 perpendicularly with fast twisting needle technique. Then insert 1 cun
#32 needles into CV-14, HT-7, and GB-39 perpendicularly with twisting even movement needle technique.
For stopping smoking: Ear points: Shoulder, Mouth, Lung and Shen Men. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Apply press-balls on these ear points and tell the patient to remember where is the points are so that they
can press them 1-2 minutes on each point 3-4 times a day, especially when they have desire to smoke.
For smoking desires: TW-4, KI-6, CV-23, GV-23, and LU-7. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into KI-6 with the Leading the Qi technique, until the patient feels the sensation
of the needle traveling to the whole leg or lower abdominal region. Than apply 1 cun #34 needles into TW-
4, CV-23, and LU-7 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Finally insert 1 cun #30 needles into GV-23
perpendicularly with the Qi Ci technique. Retain all the needles for 30 minutes.
327
CASE ANALYSIS
A 45 year-old male patient came to the acupuncture clinic asking for help to quit smoking. He has a 25 year
smoking history, 18 years smoking in the morning on an empty stomach. He smoked over 20 cigarettes a day
sometimes if he was with friends for the past 15 years. He has tried to quit twice, the longest time was 1 week, but
both times felt an uncontrollable desire to smoke. Associated signs were chronic bronchitis and pulmonary
emphysema—hospitalized twice in the past 3 years, low energy, irritable bowel movement, light sleep or insomnia,
stuffy sensation in his chest and epigastric area, and bloated abdomen. The tongue was swollen with a white greasy
coating and the pulse was tight.
Treatment Principle: Move the stagnation of Qi and Calm the mind.
Point Prescription: LU-7, Yin Tang, ST-36, LU-5, and Tian Mei (extra point).
Ear points: Lung, Shen men, Sub cortex, Liver
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into ST-36 and LU-5 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and insert 1 cun #34 needles into LU-7 and Yin Tang obliquely at a 15-degree angle with twisting
even movement technique. Then apply 1 cun #30 needles into Tian Mei perpendicularly, 0.2 cun deep with twisting
movement technique until the sensation travels up the forearms. After finishing the body acupuncture treatment,
apply press-balls on the ear points and let him press them 3 times a day, or whenever there is the desire to smoke.
Results: After one treatment he called and said he felt a bitter taste when he smoked cigarettes and only smoked 2
cigarettes that day. After the second treatment, his appetite improved considerably, particularly liking some sour and
sweet food, but not cigarettes. The desire to smoke had decreased. Before the third treatment (the day of) was his
first day without any cigarettes and less desire all day long. During the total 10 days of treatment he stopped
smoking any cigarettes. Treatment was continued, doing 4 more treatments once a week, upon which time he was
free of the habit.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture treatment can effectively help people stop smoking, particularly decreasing the desire for
cigarettes, as well as some of the body’s physical reactions during or after quitting. It’s more beneficial to apply body
acupuncture to treat the body’s physical and psychological reactions during the withdrawal and use ear acupuncture
help to decrease the desire of the cigarettes. The critical technique is that the patient must insist on the whole
process of therapy, meanwhile ensuring they really would like to quit, not just to decrease their cigarette smoking.
According to the author’s personal 25 year’s of clinical analysis, the effective rate will be between 85-90% and the
treatment will usually be within 5 times as a course.
328
Summer Heat Stroke
329
SUMMER HEAT STROKE

Summer Heat Stroke implies basically what the name suggests. This sudden disorder occurs very frequently
in warm conditions and can often be fatal if not treated. Summer Heat Stroke is an acute syndrome characterized by
dizziness, headache, and body aches. Summer Heat Stroke also causes a sensation of heat with no sweating, nausea,
vomiting, a floating and weak pulse, and a white greasy tongue coating. In severe cases, there may be a coma with
profuse cold sweating, an extremely cold body and four extremities, and a tiny and weak pulse. In TCM, Summer
Heat Stroke is attributed to two reasons.
Summer Heat Invasion

A deficient body constitution is more likely to catch a Summer Heat Pathogenic Invasion, which stagnates
in the surface of the body between the muscle and the skin layers, and holds the heat inside of the body.
When the heat pathogen invades the Pericardium, it will cause a stroke and unconsciousness.
Over-heating
Heat and Dampness invade the internal body and the movement of the Wei Qi becomes stagnated, pushing
the blood inside and causing dizziness and vomiting.
DIAGNOSIS
Light Summer Heat Stroke

This syndrome is due to stagnation of a Summer Heat Pathogenic Influence and Dampness in the muscle
and skin layers. Symptoms include dizziness, headache, a hot sensation inside the body with little or no
sweating, nausea or vomiting, thirst, and lassitude. The tongue is red with a white greasy coating and the
pulse is floating, weak, and fast.
Severe Summer Heat Stroke

This syndrome is due to a Summer Heat Pathogenic Influence invading the Pericardium. Symptoms
including a high fever with no sweating, a hot or burning sensation on the surface of the skin, a red
complexion and eyes, dry lips, a dry mouth, extreme thirst, even unconsciousness, restlessness, and muscle
tics or convulsions. The tongue is dry with a yellow coating and the pulse is flooding and fast.
If a Summer Heat Pathogenic Influence damages the Qi and Yin of the body, the patient will
have profuse sweating with a pale complexion, shortness of breath, coldness in the four
extremities, and possible coma.
TREATMENT AND PRESCRIPITON
Light Summer Heat Stroke

Treatment Principle: Expel the Exogenous Summer Heat, Harmonize the Middle Burner, and Resolve the Damp.
Point Prescription: GV-14, LI-4, ST-43, PC-6, and ST-36.
Treat once, preventatively.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique, and remove the needle after the sensation travels down along the spinal column. Insert 1.5 cun #32
needles into LI-4, ST-43, and ST-36 with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into PC-6
obliquely, 0.5 cun deep towards PC-5 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 30
minutes. Repeat the needling technique every 5 minutes to move the Qi during needle retention.
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Summer Heat Stroke

Headache: ST-8 and Yin Tang.
Vomiting: CV-12 and SP-9.
Severe Summer Heat Stroke

Treatment Principle: Clear the Summer Heat, Calm the Heart, and Reduce the fever.
Point Prescription: GV-20, GV-26, Shi Xuan, PC-3, BL-40, and LI-11.
Treat once only.
Technique: Apply a bloodletting technique on Shi Xuan, PC-3, and BL-40 with bloodletting needles. Insert a 1.5 cun
#30 needle into GV-20 obliquely, 1 cun deep towards the back with a lifting Qi technique, and a 1 cun #32 needle
into GV-26 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into
LI-11 with Tou Tian Lian Fa—Cool Penetration of the Sky needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Repeat the needling technique every 5 minutes during needle retention.
Muscle spasm or tics: GB-34.
Cold limbs with profuse sweating and a fine pulse: CV-4 and CV-6 with moxibustion, and HT-6 and LU-9
with needles.
Ear Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Tip of the ear, Shen Men, Adrenal gland, Heart, and Occipital.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles into Shen Men, Adrenal gland, Heart, and Occipital obliquely, 0.3 cun deep
at a 30-degree angle with a fast twisting needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Apply a
bloodletting technique to the tip of the ear.
Treat once.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Back, Neck, Chest, Elbow, and Knee.
Apply medium-level stimulation of Gua Sha near PC-6 and the BL-40 area until purple or black dots (Sha)
appear. Apply medium-level stimulation of Gua Sha on the upper back along the Bladder meridian, the neck
along the Stomach meridian, and the Chest along the Conception vessel until purple or black dots appear.
Treat once.
Cupping
Treatment area: Upper back and Abdomen.
Apply fire cups to the upper back near GV-14, BL-13, BL-15, and SI-12 and retain all cups for 5 minutes.
Or, apply a sliding cup on the upper back until purple dots (Sha) appear and retain a cup on GV-14 for 3
minutes. Apply a fire cup on CV-8 for 3 minutes.
Treat once.
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Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Middle line of the vertex, Lateral line 3 of the forehead, Anterior line of the temple, and
the Posterior line of the temple.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these lines transversely 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with a fast twisting
Treat once.
For Summer Heat Stroke with a coma: GV-20, GV-26, HT-7, PC-9, PC-3, and BL-40. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
Apply bloodletting techniques to PC-9, BL-40, and PC-3 and squeeze out 2 to 3 drops of blood. Insert a 1
cun #30 needle into GV-26 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique until
the patient wakes up. Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-20 transversely, 1.2 cun deep at a 30-degree angle
with a lifting the Qi technique and 1 cun #32 needles into HT-7 with a twisting reinforcing needle
Treat once.
For Summer Heat Stroke with a headache, dizziness, nausea, and consciousness: PC-6, LI-4, ST-36, and LI-11.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11, LI-4, and ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into PC-6 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a
Treat once.
For Summer Heat Stroke with consciousness: CV-9, GV-14, PC-7, and BL-40. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with a twisting even movement
needle technique until the sensation of the Qi travels downwards. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-7
obliquely towards PC-8 with a twisting even movement needle technique and 1 cun #30 needles into BL-40
and enlarge the acupuncture hole technique to make 1 to 2 drops of blood escape when removing the
needle. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-9 for 11 cones.
Treat once.
For Summer Heat Stroke with a coma: GV-26, CV-12, CV-6, LI-11, LI-4, PC-9, ST-36, and ST-44. (Zhen Jiu Feng Yuan)
Apply bloodletting techniques on PC-9 and ST-44, and squeeze out 2 to 3 drops of blood. Insert a 1 cun
#30 needle into GV-26 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique until the
patient wakes up. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-6 and CV-12 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with a
twisting even movement needle technique and 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11 and ST-36 with a lifting and
thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 with a twisting reducing needle
Treat once.
For Summer Heat Stroke with consciousness: CV-15 and CV-12. (Zhen Jiu Gang Yao)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-12 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique and a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-15 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing
needle technique. Retain the needles for 15 minutes, and repeat this process every 3 minutes.
Treat once.
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Summer Heat Stroke
For Summer Heat Stroke with a coma and profuse cold sweats:
CV-12, LV-13, CV-6, BL-11, GV-4, GV-23, PC-7, LU-5, SP-3, KI-7, and LV-8. (Cai Ai Bian Yi)
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-6, LV-13, and CV-12 until the sweating stops. Insert 1.5 cun
#32 needles into LU-5, LV-8, and KI-7 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle
technique and 1 cun #32 needles into SP-3, GV-23, and PC-7 with a twisting even movement needle
technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-11 and GV-4 for
7 cones.
Treat once.
For Summer Heat Stroke with a coma: GV-26, CV-24, LI-4, ST-44, GV-20, CV-3, CV-6, PC-9, LV-2, LI-11, and SI-1.
(Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Apply bloodletting techniques to SI-1 and PC-9 and squeeze out 2 to 3 drops of blood. Insert 1 cun #30
needles into GV-26 and CV-24 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a fast twisting technique until the patient
wakes up. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-2, ST-44, and LI-4 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-11, GV-20, CV-3, and CV-6 with a twisting even movement
Treat once just for in case.
For Summer Heat Stroke with a body fever: LI-11 and BL-40. (Qian Zha Jian Xiao Fang)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with the Tou Tian Lian Fa—Cool
Penetration of the Sky needle technique, one of the combination needle techniques to reduce Heat. Apply a
bloodletting technique on BL-40 and squeeze out 5 drops of blood.
Treat once.
For Summer Heat Stroke with a body fever and retention of urine: LU-7, KI-10, CV-12, BL-40, CV-6, SP-9, and Bai Lao.
(Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into Bai Lao and KI-10 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique. Apply a bloodletting technique on BL-40 and squeeze out 4 to 5 drops of
blood. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-7 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 15-degree angle towards LI-11
with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-12, CV-6, and SP-9 with a
Treat once.
For Summer Heat Stroke with a high fever, vomiting, and profuse diarrhea:
LU-7, BL-40, CV-12, LI-11, ST-36, LI-4, and Shi Xuan. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Apply bloodletting techniques on BL-40 and Shi Xuan. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-7 transversely, 1
cun deep at a 15-degree angle towards LI-11 with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #30
needles into LI-11 and LI-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 and CV-12 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Retain all needles for 15 to 20 minutes.
Treat once.
For Summer Heat Stroke with fever, nausea, and cold sweats: CV-6, LI-11, and SP-9. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11 and SP-9 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Insert
a 2 cun #32 needle into CV-6 perpendicularly, 1.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique,
and apply moxa wool to the handle of the needle for 3 cones.
Treat once.
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CASE ANALYSIS
A 32 year-old male patient had an acute attack of Summer Heat Stroke for 20 minutes. He remained conscious and
had a headache, fever, shortness of breath, thirst, a dry mouth and lips, and profuse sweats. His pulse was slippery
and fast.
Diagnosis: Light Summer Heat Sroke.
Treatment Principle: Expel the Exogenous Summer Heat and Clear Heat.
Point Prescription: LI-11, CV-12, SP-9, PC-6, and CV-6.
Treat once only.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11 and SP-9 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with Tou Tian Lian
Fa—Cool Penetration of the Sky needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-12 and CV-6 with a twisting
even movement needle technique. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into PC-6 perpendicularly, 0.6 cun deep with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes, and repeat the process every 3 minutes during the
retainment of the needles.
Result: The symptoms were reduced within 5 minutes. In particular, the sweating stopped. The patient felt better
after the treatment, only experiencing a sensation of weakness for a few hours.
EVALUATION
Preventing a Summer Heat Stroke is more important than the treatment. During the acupuncture treatment,
practitioners should carefully observe the temperature, pulse, breath, sweating, complexion, urination, and even
possible convulsing of the patient. Acupuncture and moxibustion is every effective in treating Summer Heat Stroke
by clearing the Heat and expelling the Summer Heat Pathogenic Influence. For some severe and deep comas,
acupuncture is very effective in rescuing the patient on the way to the emergency room.
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Trigeminal Neuralgia
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TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA
Trigeminal Neuralgia is a painful disorder caused by demyelinating lesions of nerves (in this case the
Trigeminal nerves). This disorder causes painful attacks, shocks, and even paralysis of facial muscles. Trigeminal
Neuralgia is in the category of “facial pain” in Traditional Chinese Medicine, which means pain caused by any reason
on the facial area. In TCM theory, most facial pain is due to Wind Pathogenic Influence and stagnation of Qi and
Blood.
Wind Cold Pathogenic Influence
Wind Cold invades the Yang Ming meridians on the face, obstructing the circulation of the Qi and Blood
thus causing pain.
Wind Heat Pathogenic Influence

Wind Heat invades the meridians and causes water retention, which obstructs the movement of the Qi and
Blood in the meridians.
DIAGNOSIS
Wind Cold
Symptoms include electric shocks, burning and sharp pain sensations on the face that are triggered suddenly
due to touching some special points during washing, brushing, dressing, or eating, and will be reduced after
few minutes by rubbing or pressing. The pain will be aggravated by cold and reduced by heat, associated
with a clear watery runny nose. The tongue is pale with a thin white coat and the pulse is floating and tight.
Wind Heat
Symptoms including electric shocks, burning and sharp pain on the face triggered suddenly by touching
some special points when the patient washes, brushes, dresses or eats. Most of the symptoms appear after
fever and will be reduced after a few minutes of rubbing or pressing. Associated signs are burning or hot
sensations in the local pain area, tearing, and red eyes. The tongue is red with a yellow greasy coat and the
pulse is floating and fast.
Trigeminal neuralgia due to Wind-Cold

Treatment Principle: Expel the Wind-Cold and Reduce the pain.
Point Prescription: GB-20, LI-4, ST-3, ST-7, and Tai Yang.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-20 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into Tai Yang (painful side) perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into ST-3 and ST-7 (painful side of the face) with twisting even movement
needle technique until the sensation of the needles travels from the points. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Pain on the forehead: TW-23 and BL-2.
Pain in the maxillary area: LI-11 and SI-18.
Pain in the mandibular area: CV-23 and TW-17.
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Trigeminal neuralgia due to Wind-Heat

Treatment Principle: Expel the Wind-Heat and Reduce the pain.
Point Prescription: LI-11, LI-3, ST-6, and SP-9.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-9 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique,
and 1 cun #30 needle into ST-6 (painful side of the face) perpendicularly, 0.5 cun with twisting reducing needle
technique. Apply bloodletting technique on the Tai Yang (painful side only).
Pain on the forehead: GB-15 and ST-8.
Pain in the maxillary area: ST-7 and ST-2.
Pain in mandibular area: Jia Chen Jiang and ST-4.
***Jia Chen Jiang is an extra point located one cun bilateral from CV-24.***
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Face, Maxillary, Forehead, Mandibular and Shen Men.
Clinicians may also apply press-balls or intradermal needles on the ear after regular body acupuncture
treatment.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Anterior oblique line from vertex to temple, Lateral line 3 and 1 of the forehead.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into the lower 2/5 of the anterior oblique line from vertex to temple
transversely, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles
into other two lines transversely, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for
40 minutes.
Hand Acupuncture
Points: Eyes, Forehead, and Migraine.
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Bloodletting
Treatment area: Tai Yang, SI-19, TW-17, CV-23, and LI-20 (painful side of the face).
Apply bloodletting technique on these points, to squeeze 2-3 drops of blood from each point.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Upper back, TW-17, and GB-14 (painful side of the face).
Apply medium stimulation of Gua Sha on the TW-17 and GB-14 areas until red marks appear. Then apply
strong stimulation on the upper back near the inside of the scapula from BL-42 to BL-44 until a dark red
color appears.
Plum Blossom
Treatment area: Tai Yang, ST-7, GB-3, and SI-18 (painful side of the face).
Apply medium stimulation of Plum blossom needle technique on Tai Yang, ST-7, GB-3 and SI-18 until the
skin color turns red.
Cupping
Treatment area: Tai Yang, ST-6, and GB-12 (painful side of the face).
Apply fire cups on Tai Yang, ST-6, and GB-12 for 3 to 5 minutes after plum blossom needling or regular
acupuncture treatment.
Electro-Acupuncture
Points: Tai Yang, ST-6, SI-18, and Jia Chen Jiang (painful side of the face).
Jia Chen Jiang is an extra point located one cun bilateral from CV-24.
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into Tai Yang obliquely, 1.2 cun deep at a 60-degree angle towards ST-7 with
twisting even movement needle technique. Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into ST-6 perpendicularly, 0.7 cun
deep with twisting even movement needle technique until the sensation of the needle travels. Insert a 1.5
cun #32 needle into SI-18 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique, and a 1 cun
#30 needle into Jia Chen Jiang obliquely, 0.7 cun deep at a 45-degree angle towards ST-6 with twisting
reducing needle technique until the sensation of the needle travels. Then put the negative side of the wire on
Tai Yang and SI-18, and the positive side of the wire on ST-6 and Jia Chen Jiang with irregular waves for 20
minutes.
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Moxibustion
Direct moxibustion: Tai Yang, SI-18, Jia Chen Jiang, and GB-14.
Moxa pole: Ah Shi, Tai Yang, GB-3, and LI-11.
Apply moxa-pole on these points for 15 minutes.
For Wind-Cold Trigeminal neuralgia: TW-5, LV-3, and ST-44 (bilateral)/Yu Yao, Jia Chen Jiang, and ST-2. (pain side)
(Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into Yu Yao obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 30-degree angle towards BL-2 with
twisting even movement needle technique, and 1 cun #34 needles into ST-2 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep at a 60
degree angle towards ST-3 with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into Jia Chen
Jiang obliquely, 0.5 cun deep at a 60-degree angle towards ST-6 with fast twisting needle technique after
getting the sensation of Qi. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into TW-5 obliquely, 1-1.2 cun deep at a 45-degree
angle towards TW-7 with twisting even movement needle technique, and 1 cun #34 needles into LV-3 and
ST-44 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles
for 30 minutes.
For Trigeminal neuralgia due to Wind-Heat: ST-7, GB-2, Tai Yang (disease side), and LI-3 (bilateral). (Yi Xue Gang Mu)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-7 and GB-2 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into Tai Yang obliquely, 1.2 cun deep at a 60-degree
angle towards ST-7 with twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-3
perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 40 minutes.
For Trigeminal neuralgia with severe pain: SI-19, TW-17, and Zhi Tong. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into TW-17 (diseased side) obliquely, 1-1.2 cun deep at a 60-degree towards SI-
18 with twisting even movement needle technique, and a 1 cun #32 needle into SI-19 obliquely, 0.5 cun
deep at a 45-degree angle towards GB-2 with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles
into Zhi Tong—an extra point on the radial bone (1 cun from LI-11) obliquely, 1.2 cun deep at a 45-degree
angle towards LI-11with the Long Hu Jiao Zhan—Dragon and Tiger Battle technique. Retain all needles for
40 minutes.
For Trigeminal neuralgia due to Wind-Cold: BL-2, TW-23, LI-20, ST-6 (disease side), LI-11, and LI-4.
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into BL-2 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle towards Yu Yao with
twisting even movement needle technique, and 1 cun #30 needles into TW-23 and ST-6 perpendicularly, 0.5
cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert a 1 cun #34 needle into LI-20 obliquely, 0.5-0.8
cun deep towards SI-18 with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-11 and
LI-4 with twisting reducing needle technique. Repeat this process every 5 minutes during 40 minutes needle
retaining.
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For Trigeminal neuralgia with severe pain: SI-18, ST-2, CV-24, TW-17-affected side, LI-4, and LV-3.
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into SI-18 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique, and a 1 cun #32 needle into ST-2 obliquely, 0.3-0.5 cun deep at a 30-degree angle towards Tai
Yang with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into CV-24 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep
at a 45-degree angle towards Jia Chen Jiang with twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1 cun
#30 needles into LI-4 and LV-3 perpendicularly with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Apply
moxa-pole on TW-17 for 20 minutes.
For Trigeminal neuralgia due to Wind-Heat: LI-4, GB-20, LU-7, and ST-36. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-20 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep towards the nose with twisting reducing
needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 and ST-36 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with
twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-7 transversely, 1 cun deep at
a 15-degree angle upwards with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
For chronic Trigeminal neuralgia: ST-6, ST-7, TW-17, SI-18, BL-2, GB-14, Tai Yang, ST-36, LI-4, and TW-5.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into ST-6, ST-7, SI-18, BL-2, GB-14, and Tai Yang on the affected side
perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into
ST-36, LI-4, and TW-5 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3
cones. Apply moxa-pole on TW-17 for 20 minutes.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 35 year-old female patient presented with a main complaint of face pain for 1 year and was diagnosed
with “Trigeminal neuralgia” and prescribed medications. Her symptoms consisted of sharp and burning pain on the
forehead, and knife-cutting pain sensations on the face and left side of mouth. Associated signs were insomnia,
frequent dreams, dry mouth and throat, fear to eat and speak in that it may cause more pain. The tongue was red
without coating and the pulse was thin and wiry.
Diagnosis: Trigeminal neuralgia with Interior Heat.
Treatment Principle: Expel the Wind and Clear Heat.
Point Prescription: ST-7, GB-14 (disease side only), GB-20, LI-4, ST-44, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-20 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into ST-44 and LI-4 with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert a 1 cun
#32 needle into GB-14 on the affected side transversely, 0.7 cun deep at a 30-degree angle towards Yu Yao with
twisting reducing needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into ST-7 perpendicularly on the affected side, 1.2
cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #34 needles into SP-6 with twisting even movement
Result: The pain was gone after the first treatment, but came back after 6 hours. Since second treatment the needle
retaining time from 30 minutes increased to 50 minutes. The pain was gone after 5 treatments and did not return
after the one course of treatments.
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EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective for treating Trigeminal neuralgia. A strong stimulation,
reducing technique, and irregular waves of Electro-stimulation are commonly used for Excess types (the disease with
short term and that comes suddenly). On the other hand for Deficient types (the disease has remained at least over 6
months along with other deficient body conditions) demands weak stimulation, moxibustion, and longer needle
retention. Otherwise the symptoms will get worse. Critical techniques for these types include: correct point location
with suitable stimulation and over 40 minutes of needle retention. Particularly good results will appear when patients
feel comfortable sensation during the needle retention. Therefore it might be necessary to adjust the direction of the
needles until it makes the patient comfortable.
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URINE RETENTION
Traditional Chinese Medicine considers that retention of urine may be due to any of the following:
Kidney Deficiency
Deficiency of Kidney Qi fails in removing the urine in the bladder, or because of a deficiency of Ming-Men
Fire, weakening the Urinary Bladder Qi so that it is unable to move the water/fluids.
Qi Deficiency
Zhong Qi Deficiency, particularly after labor or other severe physical activities, makes the body energy weak
and therefore it is hard to move the urine.
Damp-Heat Stagnation
Some infectious diseases or accumulation of Damp-Heat pathogenic factors can transfer down to the
Urinary Bladder and obstruct the movement of the urine.
Injury
Any kind of injury including some surgery in the low abdominal region can sometimes cause stagnation of
Qi and Blood in the Urinary Bladder meridians.
DIAGNOSIS
Deficiency syndrome
Retention of urine or dribbling urine due to Qi Deficiency causing such signs and symptoms as bloating in
the lower abdomen, pale complexion, very low energy, lower back and knee soreness and weakness, no
desire to speak, loose stool, pale-swollen tongue with scalloped edges, and a weak and thin pulse.
Excess syndrome
Retention of urine, lower abdominal bloating and pain, restlessness, thirst, red tongue with a yellow greasy
coating, and a fast pulse are characteristic of this syndrome. Due to an infection or injury there may be
additional symptoms and a history of injury.
Deficiency syndrome
Treatment Principle: Warm the Spleen and Kidney Yang, and Regulate the Qi.
Point Prescription: KI-10, BL-23, BL-22, BL-24, BL-39, CV-6, and BL-20.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23, BL-22, and BL-20 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and
thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into KI-10 and BL-39 with twisting reinforcing
needle technique. Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-24 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Apply indirect moxibustion with
ginger on CV-6 for 5 cones.
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Urine Retention
Additional point for associated symptoms:

Restlessness: PC-6.
Insomnia: ST-36.
Excess syndrome
Treatment Principle: Clear Heat, Resolve Damp, and Move the Qi.
Point Prescription: SP-6, SP-9, BL-28, and CV-3.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-3 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 45-degree angle towards CV-2 with lifting
and thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-9 and SP-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep
with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Repeat this process every 3 minutes during the 20 minutes of
needle retention. Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-28 perpendicularly, 2.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
Shortness of breath: LU-5 and LU-11 with bloodletting technique.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Urinary Bladder, Kidney, and San Jiao.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Lateral line 3 of the forehead, Lateral line 1 and Mid-line of the vertex.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into Lateral line 3 of the forehead transversely, 0.8 cun deep towards the Tai Yang
direction with fast twisting needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into the other lines transversely, 1
cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.

Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these lines transversely, 1.2 cun deep at a 5-10 degree angle without any
sensation and needle technique and retain the needles for 40 minutes.
343
Moxibustion
(For retention of urine due to deficiency)
Direct moxibustion: BL-66, BL-62, CV-4, and BL-33.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-66 and BL-62 for 9 cones, then on CV-4 and BL-33
for 11 cones.
Indirect moxibustion: CV-3, CV-4, and BL-32
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger or Fu Zi (aconite) cake on these points for 5 cones.
Moxa pole: Li Niao—an extra point found by measuring the distance from Yin Tang to the tip of the nose,
which distance is then measured from the navel downwards in the direction of the genitals where the point
Li Niao is located.
Apply moxa pole on this point for 15 minutes.
Electro-acupuncture
Point Prescription: GB-28 and ST-28.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-28 transversely, 1.2 cun deep at a 30-degree angle towards ST-28 with
twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 2 cun #32 needles into ST-28 perpendicularly, 1.5 cun deep with
twisting even movement needle technique. Apply electro-stimulation on these two points with irregular
waves, the negative side on GB-28.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Low back and leg.
Apply medium-level stimulation of Gua Sha on the legs—along the inside of the tibia bone (Yin meridians)
until red marks appear, then on the low back along the BL, and GV meridians from L-5 to S-5 until a dark
red or even a purple color appears.
Foot Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Kidney, Urinary Bladder, and Small intestine.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.3-0.4 cun deep with twisting even movement
Salt Bag
(For retention of urine after labor or surgery)
Treatment area: CV-3
Warm 1 pound of salt in a pan and put it into a cloth bag. Then put the bad on CV-3 within a temperature
range the patient can accept. Leave it for 30 minutes.
344
Urine Retention
For retention of urine due to stagnation of Qi: CV-6 and PC-7. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-7 obliquely, 0.5 cun deep towards the PC-6 direction with twisting even
movement needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-6 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with
twisting rubbing needle technique until the sensation of the Qi travels down to the Urinary Bladder.
For retention of urine with a painful sensation under the navel: SP-9 and CV-4. (Zhen Jiu Fen Yuan)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-9 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-4 for 14 cones.
For retention of urine with rebellious Qi and shortness of breath: CV-8. (Bei Ji Jiu Fa)
Apply indirect moxibustion with salt on CV-8 for 20 cones.
Treat until the urine moves.
For retention of urine due to injury and/or surgery: CV-3, BL-28, and SP-6. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-28 perpendicularly, 2.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique
and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-6
obliquely, 1.2 cun deep at a 60-degree angle towards SP-7 with twisting even movement needle technique,
and a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-3 obliquely, 1 cun deep towards CV-2 with twisting reducing needle
technique. Apply moxa pole on the side of CV-3 for 20 minutes.
For retention of urine with a painful sensation in the low abdomen: LV-8, LV-2, and BL-54. (Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LV-8 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique,
and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-2 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-54 obliquely, 2.5 cun deep at
a 60-degree angle towards CV-2 with twisting reducing needle technique, retain the needles for 10 minutes.
For retention of urine due to stagnation of Qi: CV-5, CV-4, and LV-13. (Yi Xue Gang Yao)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-5 and CV-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles
into LV-13 perpendicularly, 0.7 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique.
For retention of urine due to stagnation of Damp-Heat: GV-20, CV-3, KI-1, and CV-8. (Zhen Jiu Tu Y)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-20 transversely, 1 cun deep towards GV-19 with lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-3 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 45-degree angle
towards CV-2 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-1
perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply indirect moxibustion with
Ba Dou cake on CV-8 for 7 cones.
345
For retention of urine with a bloating and painful sensation in the lower abdominal region:
KI-11, ST-27, LV-13, CV-5, BL-39, SP-7, KI-1, and ST-36 (Zhen Zhi Zun Shen)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into KI-11, ST-27, CV-5, and LV-13 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting
even movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #34 needles into ST-36 and SP-7 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep
with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into KI-1 perpendicularly,
0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-39 with
For retention of urine with a painful sensation in the urinary tract: CV-1, LV-3, LV-8, and LV-1. (Zhen Jiu Zhai Ying Ji)
technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-3 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 45-degree angle towards KI-1 with
twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-8 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep
with twisting even movement needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-1 for 11
cones.
For retention of urine with a painful and tight sensation in the lower abdominal region: CV-5, BL-39, and KI-10.
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-5 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with the Long Hu Jia Zhan—Dragon
and Tiger Battle technique. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into KI-10 and BL-39 with twisting even movement
For retention of urine due to paralysis: CV-3, LV-5, SP-7, BL-36, and BL-67. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-7 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique, and 1 cun #30 needles into LV-5 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 2 cun #30
needles into BL-36 perpendicularly, 1.7 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Insert
a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-3 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 45-degree angle towards CV-2 with twisting
reducing needle technique and apply moxa pole on the side for 15 minutes. Apply direct non-scarring
moxibustion on BL-67 for 11 cones.
For retention of urine with a weak and slow Kidney pulse: KI-11, BL-64, KI-6, and CV-4. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique and apply
moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert a 2 cun #30 needle into CV-4 obliquely, 1.5 cun
deep at a 45-degree angle towards CV-2 with twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32
needles into BL-64 and KI-6 perpendicularly with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all
For retention of urine with low back pain: ST-25 and CV-2. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-2 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique,
and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needle for 5 cones. Apply indirect moxibustion with “Fu Zi”
(Aconite) cake on ST-25 for 5 cones.
For retention of the urine with a cold sensation in the low abdomen: BL-28, CV-4, SP-9, GB-39, and KI-10.
(Zhen Jiu Quan Shu)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-9 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #30
needles into GB-39 and KI-10 perpendicularly, 0.7 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-4 and BL-28 for 5 cones.
346
Urine Retention
For retention of urine due to nerve injury: GV-3, BL-31, BL-32, CV-4, CV-3, and LV-8. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-3 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with twisting rubbing needle
technique until the sensation of Qi travels. Insert 2 cun #30 needles into BL-31 and BL-32 perpendicularly,
1.7 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LV-8 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-4 and CV-3 with twisting even movement needle technique and apply
moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones.
For retention of urine due to stagnation of Damp-Heat: BL-28, BL-23, CV-4, SP-9, and KI-1. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-23 and BL-28 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into KI-1 perpendicularly, 0.6 cun deep with twisting
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-4 and SP-9 perpendicularly with twisting even movement needle
CASE ANALYSIS
A 72 year-old female patient presented with the main symptom of difficult urination for 3 days after the
removal of a urine catheter. She had urine problems 10 days ago and got treated with a urine catheter in the
hospital. The symptoms included burning and painful sensations in the lower urinary tact, a bloating sensation in the
low abdomen, dry mouth, and headache. The tip of the tongue was red with a white greasy coating and the pulse
was floating and fast.
Diagnosis: Damp-Heat Stagnation in the Urinary Bladder.
Treatment Principle: Clear Heat, Resolve Damp, and Moves the stagnation of Qi.
Point Prescription: CV-6, CV-3, and SP-3.
Treat once only.
Technique: Insert a 2 cun #30 needle into CV-6 perpendicularly 1.5 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle
technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-3 obliquely, 1.2 cun deep at a 45-degree angle towards CV-2 with a
twisting and rubbing technique (rub the needle count-clockwise) until the sensation of the needle travels. Insert 1.5
cun #32 needles into SP-6 obliquely, 1.2 cun deep at a 60-degree angle towards SP-7 with lifting and thrusting
Result: After the acupuncture treatment, she excreted nearly 500ml of urine, but it was still hard upon returning home
and was accompanied by a bloated and painful sensation in low abdomen. The tongue was red with a yellow greasy
coating and the pulse was thin and fast.
New Point Prescription: CV-3, SP-9, LV-2, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert a 2 cun #30 needle into CV-3 obliquely, 1.5 cun deep to CV-2 with twisting reducing
needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-9 and SP-6 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-2 transversely, 1.2 cun deep
through to LV-3 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Result: She passed nearly 1000ml urine after the treatment, and the burning and painful sensations
disappeared after the treatment.
347
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion is effective for treating retention of urine via reinforcing the Kidney and
Urinary Bladder Qi, particularly in some functional problems, such as after labor and surgery, or due to infection.
Acupuncture and moxibustion sometimes has magical results in treating paralysis and severe injury cases, but usually
a urinary catheter will be used until the patient can move the urine on their own. Because this disorder usually occurs
in patients over the age of 50, treatments will have to take care to change a patient’s incorrect lifestyle. A correct
diagnosis and treatment technique will help in this treatment.
348
Urticaria
349
URTICARIA
Urticaria, also referred to as hives, are transient lesions that are round in shape and arise due to many
different reasons. Normally it is just described as a kind of allergic skin disease with skin wheals as the main
manifestation. The clinical manifestations are the appearance of wheals over the skin with sudden onset and rapid
disappearance, leaving no trace after recovery. There is a sensation of severe itching and burning heat on the
affected region. It can attack repeatedly and last for a long time.
External Wind Pathogenic Invasion

This pattern usually occurs in a patient with Wei Qi Deficiency, which allows Wind-Cold to easily invade the
skin and stagnated in the skin and muscles turning to Heat, obstructing the Qi movement causing severe
itching.

This pattern is an example of one type of allergic reaction to certain food according to the different body
constitutions, particularly some seafood or bad quality food products from the sea. Sometimes drug
allergies or other allergies may cause this as well, such as alcohol or certain antibiotics.
DIAGNOSIS
External Wind Pathogenic Influence

There is severe pruritus, a burning sensation, and red wheals on the affected part. The dermatographic test
shows positive result, accompanied with a red tongue with thin and yellow coating and a floating and rapid
pulse.
Heat stagnation in the Stomach and Intestines

The patient has wheals of frequent recurrences that easily become chronic and takes a long time to heal. It
attacks when the patient is caught by cold; usually the patient is has a weak body constitution, pale tongue
with white thin coating, and a thin and weak pulse.
External Wind Pathogenic Influence

Treatment Principle: Expel the Wind and Harmonize the Ying and Wei.
Point Prescription: LI-15, TW-4, GV-14, LU-10, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique until the sensation of the Qi travels down along the spinal column, and take out the
needle without retaining. Apply a fire cup on the point; retain it for 2 minutes. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-15,
TW-4, LU-10, and SP-6 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique.
Sore throat: LU-11 with bloodletting technique.
Fever: LI-11 and SP-9.
350
Urticaria
Heat stagnation in the Stomach and Intestines

Treatment Principle: Clear Heat and Harmonize the Ying and Wei.
Point Prescription: LI-11, ST-36, SP-10, and LU-7.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 and SP-10 with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun
#32 needles into LU-7 transversely, 0.8 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles
for 20 minutes.
Abdominal pain: CV-11.
Diarrhea: ST-25.
Asthma: LU-5 and CV-17.
Ear Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Shen Men, Lung, Endocrine, Sub cortex, Urticaria, and Shoulder.
twisting needle technique. Retain all needles for 40 minutes. Or apply press-balls on these points and retain
them for 3 days.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Middle line, Lateral line 1, and Lateral line 3 of the forehead, and Lateral line 1 of the
vertex.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these lines transversely, 1 cun deep with fast twisting needle technique.
Cupping
Treatment area: Back, ST-25, and CV-8.
Apply a fire cup on CV-8 and take it off after 1 minute, repeat this process for 7 to 10 times on CV-8, and
apply fire cups on ST-25, retaining them for 5 minutes. Apply moving fire cups on the back along Bladder
meridian from BL-11 to BL-25 until a red color appears, and retain the cups on BL-25 for 3 minutes.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: PC-3, BL-40, and ST-25.
Apply medium-level stimulation of Gua Sha on the PC-3, BL-40, and ST-25 areas until a dark red color or
dark purple color appears.
351
Plum Blossom
Treatment area: LU-6, SP-6, ST-40, Chest, and Back.
Apply medium stimulation of plum blossom needle technique on the chest Conception vessel and Kidney
meridian until the red color appears. Next applying it on the back along BL-10, BL-11, BL-13, and BL-43
and inside of the scapular area until the dark red color appears. Then apply medium stimulation of plum
blossom needle technique on LU-6, SP-6, and ST-40 for 3 minutes.
Bloodletting
Treatment area: BL-40, SI-12, BL-60, PC-3, and Tai Yang.
Looking for floating blue or purple tiny veins near the BL-40, SI-12, BL-60, and PC-3 areas and apply
bloodletting technique on them to squeeze out 1 or 2 drops of blood. Next apply bloodletting technique on
Tai Yang just make 1 drop of blood.
Treat twice a week, 3 treatments as a course for treating Urticaria with blood heat syndrome.
For Urticaria due to Wind-Heat: LI-11, PC-3, LI-4, LU-7, BL-13, LU-10, HT-7, and PC-6. (Zhen Jiu Ji Chen)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-13 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 60-degree angle towards the spinal column
with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, retaining the needles for 10 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #30
needles into LI-11 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1
cun #32 needles into LI-4, HT-7, and PC-6 with twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun
#32 needles into LU-7 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 15-degree angle with twisting reducing needle
technique. Apply bloodletting technique on PC-3 to squeeze 2 drops of blood.
For Urticaria with Yang Ming Heat: SP-10, SP-6, LI-11, and LI-4. (Zhen Jiu Ju Ying)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-10 and LI-11 perpendicularly with Tou Tian Liang Fa—Cool
Penetration of the Sky technique until a cool sensation appears. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-6 and LI-4
perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30
minutes.
For Urticaria with yellowish liquid and fever: LI-11, GB-39, and BL-40. (Yu Long Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique,
and 1 cun #32 needles into GB-39 perpendicularly, 0.7 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique. Apply bloodletting technique on BL-40 to squeeze 3 drops of blood.
For Urticaria due to stagnation of Heat: GB-31, SP-10, BL-17, BL-19, GV-14, and LI-4. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 2 cun #30 needles into GB-31 perpendicularly, 1.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique
until the sensation of the needles travels to the knee. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-10 and LI-4 with
twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle
into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32
needles into BL-17 and BL-19 perpendicularly, 0.7 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique,
applying moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones.
352
Urticaria
For Urticaria with deficiency of Blood: SP-6, ST-36, LI-4, LI-10, BL-20, and BL-23. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on BL-20 and BL-23 for 5 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into
ST-36 and LI-10 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1 cun #32
needles into SP-6 and LI-4 with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes.
For Urticaria with Wind Heat: GB-20, BL-10, BL-13, LU-5, SP-9, and LI-4. (Yu Long Jing)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into GB-20 perpendicularly, 0.7 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, and 1 cun #30 needles into BL-10 and BL-13 with waving technique until the red color
appears near the needle. Retain all needles for 10 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-5 and SP-9
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into
LI-4 with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For Urticaria with deficiency of the Qi: CV-6, ST-36, BL-13, BL-20, and GV-12. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-13, BL-20, and GV-12 perpendicularly, 0.6 cun deep with twisting
reinforcing needle technique, applying moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32
needles into ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply indirect
moxibustion with ginger on CV-6 for 3 cones.
For Urticaria with Wind-Heat: BL-67. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
On the upper limbs: LI-11 and LI-4.
On the chest and abdomen: CV-12.
On back: BL-13 and BL-20.
Male: CV-6.
Female: SP-10.
External Wind Evil: BL-10 and BL-13.
Improper food intake: CV-12 and ST-36. (Zhong Ji Yi Kan)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-67 perpendicularly, 0.1 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique for 1 minute and remove the needle. On the other points, use a twisting reducing
needle technique and retain them for 20 minutes.
For Urticaria with Blood Heat: GV-11, SP-10, and LI-11. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
Insert a 2 cun #30 needle into GV-11 transversely, 1.7 cun deep at a 15-degree angle straight down towards
GV-9 with twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-10 and LI-11
perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 50
minutes.
353
CASE ANALYSIS
A 35 year-old male patient presented with the main complaint of chronic Urticaria for 1 year, gradually
getting worse in the past month. The main symptoms were itching and swelling on the four extremities, particularly
on the arms, worse in heat or after drinking wine, and the associated signs were restlessness, and irregular bowel
movement. The tongue was red with a thin yellow coating and the pulse was fast and slippery.
Diagnosis: Chronic Urticaria with Blood Heat.
Treatment Principle: Clear the Heat, and Resolve the itching.
Point Prescription: SP-10, LI-11, ST-36, GB-31, SP-6, and LI-4.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-11 and SP-10 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique, and 2 cun #30 needles into GB-31 perpendicularly, 1.7 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into ST-36, SP-6, and LI-4 perpendicularly, 0.6 cun deep with twisting
Result: The symptoms had obviously reduced after 3 treatments, and all was totally resolved after 7 treatments. The
patient finished treatment after 2 courses of treatment and the symptoms did not come back after 18 months of
clinical observation.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion is very effective for treating Urticaria via regulating the Blood and expelling
the Wind techniques. The disease must be treated in two ways: by expelling External Wind and regulating internal
Blood problems because the symptoms of the disease are Wind and the reason for the cause is the Blood. As a
TCM poem says, “Treating Blood before treating Wind, the Wind will automatically resolve after the Blood is
moving”. During the treatment the patient should avoid allergic food, such as certain types of seafood, alcohol,
cigarettes, etc. An herbal formula will often be recommended in combination with acupuncture to help this disease.
354
Vomiting
355
VOMITING
Normally the Qi of the Stomach descends downwards to the intestines. If the Stomach Qi ascends instead
of descending, vomiting will occur. Vomiting is a common symptom that happens in many diseases, such as acute or
chronic gastritis, gastric dilatation, gastro spasm, and gastro neurosis and other stomach and intestinal diseases. Also
vomiting can be occasional due to stomach problems such as sudden coldness or alcohol overdose. In TCM,
vomiting is mainly caused by:
External Invasion
Physiologically, the Stomach Qi flows downwards to the intestines. When an External Pathogenic Influence
invades the Stomach, the Stomach Qi fails to descend, causing vomiting.

Stagnation of food in the Stomach causes the Stomach to fail in descending the Qi.
Phlegm Stagnation
Pathogenic phlegm, due to a Spleen deficiency failing in transporting and transforming, can accumulate in
the Stomach and block the Qi from descending.

The Stomach fails in descending the Qi due to stagnation of Liver Qi from severe emotional stimulation.
DIAGNOSIS
Vomiting due to Improper Diet

The main symptoms include an oppressive fullness or even pain in the epigastric region, eructation with a
fetid odor and acid regurgitation, distending pain that is relieved after vomiting, borborygmus, putrid and
offensive smelling stool, a thick and greasy tongue coating and a slippery and excessive pulse.
Hyperactive Liver Qi attacking the Stomach

Vomiting due to an emotional upset usually occurs after eating and is associated with restlessness, a
tendency towards anger, distention or pain near the chest and hypochondriac region, nausea, acid
regurgitation, a thin and white tongue coating and a wiry pulse.
Vomiting due to Phlegm stagnation in the Stomach

In this pattern, the vomiting is filled more with phlegm than food and is accompanied by a desire for warm
drinks, dizziness, a pale complexion, a stuffy sensation in the chest region, lassitude, heart palpitations,
dizziness and vertigo. The tongue is pale with a white coat and the pulse is slippery or weak and floating.
Vomiting due to an External Pathogenic Influence attacking the Stomach

Frequent vomiting with a fever, an aversion to the cold, a headache, stuffy nose and backache are symptoms
due to an External Pathogenic Influence attacking the Stomach. The tongue is pale with a white thick coat
and the pulse is floating, fast or tight.
356
Vomiting
Vomiting due to Improper Diet

Treatment Principle: Move the Qi and Resolve the stagnation of food.
Point Prescription: CV-10, CV-21, ST-36, and SP-14.
Treat once daily for 2 treatments as a course
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-10, ST-36, and SP-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique and a 1 cun #30 needle into CV-21 obliquely downwards, 0.8 cun deep with a
Bloated abdomen: CV-6.
Hyperactive Liver Qi attacking the Stomach

Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver, and Harmonize the Stomach.
Point Prescription: CV-13, GB-34, LV-3, ST-34, and HT-7.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-34 and ST-34 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into CV-13, LV-3, and HT-7 with a twisting even
movement technique. Retain all the needles for 30 minutes.
Hypochondriac pain: TW-6 and SP-21.
Headache: GV-20 and GB-4.
Vomiting due to Phlegm stagnation in the Stomach

Treatment Principle: Resolve Phlegm and Reinforce the Spleen.
Point Prescription: LV-13, SP-4, CV-12, and ST-40.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-40 and CV-12 with a twisting reducing needle technique and apply
moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-13 and SP-4 with a twisting
Borborygmus: BL-20 and BL-25.
Water retention: SP-9 and LI-11.
357
Vomiting due to an External Pathogenic Influence attacking the Stomach

Treatment Principle: Expel the Exterior and Harmonize the Middle Warmer.
Point Prescription: GV-14, TW-5, LI-4, CV-12, SP-6, LV-3, and ST-44.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-14 with a rubbing needle technique and apply moxa wool to the
handle for 2 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into TW-5, LI-4, CV-12, SP-6, LV-3, and ST-44 with a twisting even
Dry vomiting: Use direct non-scarring moxibustion on PC-5 for 7 cones.
Dizziness and vertigo: GB-20.
Vomiting up yellowish fluids: GB-40.
Plum Blossom
Treatment area:
BL Meridian: From T-7 to T-12 on both sides of the Bladder meridian.
CV meridian: From CV-9 to CV-22.
ST meridian: From ST-9 to ST-25 along the meridian.
Apply medium stimulation of the plum blossom needle technique on these areas for 5 minutes.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Stomach, Liver, Sympathetic, Sub cortex, and Shen men.
Insert 0.5 cun ear needles into these points obliquely at a 45-degree angle, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Lateral line 1, 2, and 3 of the forehead, Middle line of the vertex, and Lateral line 1 of the
vertex.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these lines transversely at a 30-degree angle, 1 cun deep with a withdrawing
Qi technique. Retain all needles for 1 hour.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Chest—Conception Vessel, Abdomen—Stomach meridian, Forearm—Pericardium
meridian and Lung meridian, and Thigh near the Spleen or Liver meridian.
Apply medium stimulation of Gua Sha until purple dots (Sha) appear.
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Vomiting
Moxibustion
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-12 and CV-6 for 5 cones to treat vomiting due to a
Cold External Pathogenic Influence invading the Stomach.
Moxa-pole
Apply moxa-pole on LV-13, CV-17, and LV-3 for 20 minutes to treat vomiting due to stagnation of
the Liver Qi.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-4, CV-15, and CV-21 for 7 cones to treat vomiting
due to phlegm.
For vomiting with a large amount of phlegm: SP-4, ST-40, CV-17, and Zhong Kui. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion for 5 cones on Zhong Kui—extra point on the dorsal side of the
middle finger, in the center of the proximal interphalangeal joint. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-4 and
ST-40 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle technique and 1 cun #30 needle
into CV-17 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes.
For vomiting with more clear water and stagnant phlegm in the epigastric region: SP-4, CV-15, ST-45, and CV-12.
(Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 0.5 cun #30 needles into ST-45 perpendicularly, 0.1 cun deep with a twisting even movement
technique and 1 cun #32 needles into SP-4 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32
needles into CV-12 and CV-15 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique and apply moxa wool on the
handles of the needles for 3 cones. Or, apply indirect moxibustion with ginger for 5 cones.
For vomiting due to rebellious Qi caused by stagnation of food with borborygmus: LV-13, CV-10, ST-36, and CV-12.
(Shen Yin Jing)
Apply indirect non-scarring moxibustion on CV-12 for 5 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-13, CV-
10, and ST-36 with a twisting even movement technique. Retain all the needles for 20 minutes.
For vomiting with a fever and restlessness: CV-12, GV-14, PC-9, BL-19, and GB-39. (Zhen Jiu Jin Yan Fang)
Apply a bloodletting technique on PC-9 with 0.5 cun #30 needle and get 1 or 2 drops of blood out. Insert
1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-12 and GB-39 with an even-movement needle technique. Retain all needles for
10 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-14 and BL-19 perpendicularly, 0.8-1 cun deep with a lifting
and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes. Apply a fire cup on GV-14 for 3
minutes after removing the needles.
359
For vomiting from rebellious of Qi: Main points: CV-12, PC-6, ST-36, and SP-4. (Zhen Jiu Jing Yan Fang)
Supplemental points
Heat type of vomiting: LI-4 and ST-44.
Cold type of vomiting: CV-13 and BL-21.
Phlegm type of vomiting: CV-17 and ST-40.
Improper food intake: CV-10 and CV-21.
Liver Qi attacking: GB-34 and LV-3.
Spleen and Stomach Deficiency: BL-20 and LV-13.
External Heat Pathogenic Influence: Jing Jing Yu Ye (extra point under the tongue) and PC-8.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-6, ST-36, and SP-4 with a twisting even movement technique and 1.5 cun
#34 needle into CV-12 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all
The following three prescriptions are from the Zi Shen Jing.

For vomiting due to stagnation of food and water in the Stomach: SP-5, KI-21, and KI-20.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-5, KI-21, and KI-20 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all
needles for 20 minutes. Apply a moxa-pole on KI-21 and KI-20 for 10 minutes after removing the needles.
For vomiting due to an Exterior Pathogenic Influence: LU-11 and PC-8.
Apply a bloodletting technique on LU-11 first. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into PC-8 with a twisting even
For vomiting with a full sensation in the chest: KI-3 and KI-4.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-3 and KI-4 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles
for 30 minutes.
For vomiting due to stagnation of food: CV-10, CV-12, and CV-13. (Pi Wei Lun)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-10, CV-12 and CV-13 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting
reducing needle technique until the sensation of the needle spreads around the points. Retain all needles for
20 minutes.
360
Vomiting
The following three prescriptions are from the Shen Yin Jing.
For vomiting with difficulty swallowing: BL-17, CV-17, CV-15, BL-21, and CV-16.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion 5 cones on BL-17, CV-17, CV-15, BL-21, and CV-16
For vomiting with a poor appetite: SP-1 and BL-15.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-1 and BL-15 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all
For vomiting from rebellious Qi: LV-13, CV-10, ST-36, and CV-12.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-13, CV-10, and ST-36 with a twisting reducing needle technique, and
apply a moxa-pole on CV-12 for 20 minutes.
For vomiting with stagnation of food and acid-regurgitation: GB-24, CV-12, BL-20, and BL-21. (Lei Jin Tu Yi)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GB-24 for 7 cones and on CV-12, BL-20, and BL-21 for 5 cones.
For vomiting with difficulty swallowing: BL-17, BL-21, and CV-15. (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-17 for 11 cones, 7 cones on BL-21, and CV-15.
For vomiting due to over-thinking and stagnation of Qi in the chest region: BL-50. (De Xiao Fang)
Apply moxa-pole on BL-50 for 30 minutes.
For vomiting due to an Exterior Cold Pathogenic Influence: CV-17, CV-6, LU-5, and ST-36. (Zhen Jiu Quan Shu)
Insert 1.5 cun needles into ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique,
and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-17, CV-
6 and LU-5 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For vomiting up large amounts of phlegm: SP-4, ST-40, CV-17, and Zhong Kui. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-4, ST-40, and CV-17 with a twisting reducing needle technique, and apply
direct non-scarring moxibustion on Zhong Kui for 7 cones.
For vomiting due to Gall Bladder Heat with rebellious Qi: SP-6. (Zhen Jiu Ju Yin)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-6, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique and apply moxa
wool to the handles for 5 cones.
For vomiting due to an Exterior Pathogenic Invasion transferred into the interior organs, causing rebellious Qi: BL-14 and SP-6.
(Zhen Jiu Ju Yin)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-6, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique and apply moxa
wool to the handles for 5 cones.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-14 for 10 cones.
361
For vomiting due to excessive alcohol with large amounts of phlegm: CV-12, CV-17, and GB-8. (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-12 and CV-17 with a twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32
needles into GB-8 obliquely at a 45-degree angle towards the back, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting even
movement needle technique. Retain the needles until the symptoms have changed.
For frequent vomiting: PC-7. (Shu Wen)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-7 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique,
and apply moxa wool to the handles for 5 cones.
The following prescriptions are from the De Xiao Fang.

For baby vomiting and diarrhea: TW-18.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 needles into TW-18 perpendicularly, 0.2 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique and take the needle out immediately without retaining.
For baby vomiting up milk: CV-16.
Apply a moxa-pole on CV-16 for 10 minutes.
For baby vomiting with a fever: ST-16, CV-14, CV-9, and CV-7.
Apply a moxa-pole on ST-16, CV-14, CV-9, and CV-7 for 5 minutes.
The following prescriptions are from the Author’s Clinical Experience.

For vomiting during surgery: PC-6 and TW-8.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into PC-6 and TW-8 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting even movement
Treat only during surgery.
For vomiting with a fever and a thin pulse in the Cun position: LU-1.
Apply moxa-pole on LU-1 for 30 minutes.
For vomiting with Heat and a fast pulse in the Cun position: Wei Guan.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into Wei Guan perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique. Retain the needle for 20 minutes.
For vomiting with a fever and aversion to cold with restlessness: CV-12, SP-5, GV-14, PC-9, BL-19, and GB-39.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-5, BL-39, and CV-12 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain the
needles for 10 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-14 and BL-19 with a twisting even movement
needle technique without retaining the needles. Apply a bloodletting technique on PC-9.
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Vomiting
CASE ANALYSIS
A 45 year-old female patient has a main complaint of vomiting with epigastric pain for 5 years. The frequent
vomiting and epigastric pain is aggravated by emotional changes, particularly from anger and depression, and is
associated with bloating in the chest and hypochondriac region, restlessness, and a tendency towards anger and poor
sleep. Her tongue is red with a yellow greasy coating, and her pulse is wiry and fast.
Diagnosis: Vomiting due to the Liver Qi attacking the Stomach.
Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver, Harmonize the Stomach, Descend the Qi, and Resolve the vomiting.
Point Prescription: CV-12, PC-6, ST-36, SP-4, LV-3, and GB-34.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-12, ST-36, and GB-34 with a twisting even movement technique and
1 cun #32 needles into PC-6, SP-4, and LV-3 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Repeat the needle
techniques every 10 minutes during the 30 minutes of needle retention.
Result: The symptoms were reduced within 3 treatments and gone after 6 treatments. The treatments were
concluded after 7 sessions.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective for treating vomiting. Acupuncture needles are commonly
used for acute syndromes, such as rebellious Qi. Both chronic as well as just occasional vomiting can be treated very
effectively within the first initial treatments. Moxibustion is commonly used for deficient or cold symptoms. A
correct diagnosis and needling technique is the key to reducing the vomiting. Acupuncture and moxibustion will not
mask the primary symptoms during and after the vomiting stops. Patients should try to avoid improper food intake
and regulate themselves well during weather changes. Also anything that may damage the Stomach Qi such as
extreme cold food, alcohol, and hot food should be avoided.
363
WEI SYNDROME—FLACCIDITY PARALYSIS SYNDROME

Wei means dysfunction and atrophy of the body tissues in TCM. This disorder of the muscle and skin can
appear suddenly and cause the patient to lose large amounts of muscle control. It refers to myoatrophy, skin
atrophy, tendon atrophy, bone atrophy, etc. and includes some Western Medicine diseases, such as multiple neuritis,
myasthenia gravis, and progressive myodystrophia. In TCM, Wei syndrome is related to:
Excess Heat in the Lung and Stomach

The Lung fails in sending fluids (Jing Ye) to the skin while the Spleen and Stomach fail in nourishing the
muscles due to stagnation from Excess Heat.
Damp-Heat Invasion
A Damp Pathogenic Influence stagnating in the skin muscles and even in the joints and meridians for a long
time will turn into Heat, causing tendon weakness and flaccidity.
Kidney and Liver Yin Deficiency

In TCM physiology, the Liver dominates tendons and the Kidney dominates bone. Yin deficiency of the
Liver and Kidney organs causes an inability to nourish the tendons and bones, resulting in flaccid paralysis.
DIAGNOSIS
The main symptoms of the Wei Zhen are flaccid myoatrophy, weakness of the muscle, and even paralysis. It could
happen to a single limb, one side of the body, or on all four extremities (most commonly on the lower extremities).
With mild symptoms, the patient will feel a weakness in the muscles. In severe cases, there will be dysfunction or
even paralysis of the muscles.
Beginning Stage of Wei Syndrome

Lung and Stomach Heat
Besides the main symptoms above, there will be an accompanying fever, cough, restlessness, thirst, diarrhea
and scanty urine with a burning sensation. The tongue is red with a yellow coat and pulse is big and fast.
Damp-Heat Invasion
Associated symptoms include a sense of heaviness and soreness in the body, a fever accompanied by
sweating, turbid urination, and a stuffy chest. The diseased limb is aggravated by hot and relieved by cold.
The tongue is swollen with a yellow greasy coat and the pulse is floating, weak, and fast.
Liver and Kidney Deficiency

Muscles slowly get worse without the presence of any Exterior symptoms (such as fever, aversion to hot or
cold.) The tongue and pulse are usually normal in the beginning stages.
364
Wei Syndrome—Flaccidity Paralysis Syndrome
Late Stage of Wei Syndrome

Insufficiency of both the Liver and Kidney
This syndrome is associated with a pale complexion, soreness, and weakness in the lower back and spinal
column, dizziness and blurry vision, heart palpitations, and spontaneous sweating. The tongue is red without
a coating, and the pulse is thin and weak.
Deficiency of both the Spleen and Stomach

This is associated with a sallow complexion, shortness of breath, a poor appetite, and loose stools, all while
the diseased limb atrophies along with edema. The tongue is pale and swollen with a white coat, and the
pulse is floating and weak.
Treatment technique: Select points mainly from the Yang Ming-Tai Yin meridians and foot Shao Yin and Jue Yin. Use a
reducing needle technique.
Point Prescription: LI-15, LI-11, LI-4, ST-41, ST-31, ST-34, ST-36, and LI-5.
Treat once every other day for 7 to 10 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11, LI-15, ST-31, ST-34, and ST-36 with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique and 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4, LI-5, and ST-41 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Lung Heat: LU-5 and BL-13.
Stomach Heat: ST-44 and CV-12.
Damp Heat: SP-9 and BL-20.
Liver and Kidney Deficiency: BL-23, BL-19, GB-39, and GB-34.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Brain, Sub cortex, Shen men, Spinal column, Spleen, and Liver.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles into these points obliquely, 0.3 cun deep with a fast twisting needle
technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes. Or apply press-balls on these points for 3 days.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zone: Middle line of the vertex, anterior oblique line from the vertex to the temple (opposite side
of paralysis), posterior oblique line from the vertex to the temple (opposite side of paralysis), lateral line 1 of
the vertex, and middle line of the forehead.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these lines transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with a fast twisting
365
Plum Blossom
Treatment area: Back and Arm and Leg Yang Ming meridians.
Apply medium stimulation of the plum blossom needle technique on BL-13, BL-18, BL-20, and BL-21 for 5
minutes. Use sliding fire cups on these points after the plum blossom needle treatment. Apply medium
stimulation from the plum blossom needle on the arms and legs along the Yang Ming meridians for 5 to 7
minutes.
Cupping
Treatment area: Back, CV-8, ST-28, and LU-1.
Apply a sliding fire cup on the back along the BL and GV meridians, going up and down several times until
a dark red color appears. Retain the cup on GV-14 or GV-3 for 5 minutes. Apply fire cups on CV-8 for 2
minutes and on ST-28 and LU-1 for 3 minutes.
The following four prescriptions are from the Chi Sui Xuan Zhu.
For Wei Syndrome with fever, red urine, lower body atrophy, and a red complexion:
BL-15, HT-9, SI-1, LU-9, BL-23, GB-30, and GB-34
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LU-9 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique and 1 cun #30 needles into BL-15 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting even movement
needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-23 and GB-34 with a lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique and 3 cun #30 needles into GB-30 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all
needles for 30 minutes. Apply a bloodletting technique on HT-9 and SI-1.
For Wei syndrome with tendon contractions and Liver Heat symptoms: BL-18, BL-23, GB-34, LV-2, and KI-1.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-18 and BL-23 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting even
movement needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into KI-1 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Retain all needles for 15 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-34 with a lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-2 with a twisting reducing needle technique.
For Wei syndrome with muscular atrophy, thirst, and Spleen deficiency symptoms: BL-20, SP-9, PC-6, CV-12, SP-6, and KI-7.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-20 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with the Shao Shan Huo—Burning Fire
on the Mountain technique until a heat sensation is produced under the needles and the then remove the
needles without retaining them. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-9, SP-6, CV-12, and KI-7 with a twisting
For Wei syndrome with bone atrophy below the waist, a black complexion, and Kidney deficient symptoms:
BL-23, GB-30, GB-31, GB-34, GB-39, and KI-1
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing
needle technique and 3 cun #30 needles into GB-30 with a twisting even movement needle technique.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-31, GB-34, and GB-39 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into KI-1 with a twisting reinforcing needle
366
For Wei syndrome with a weak back, contracted muscle and tendon, and an Interior Deficient fever: GV-2 and BL-34.
(Qian Jing Fang)
For Wei syndrome with a fever: LI-11, TW-3, ST-36, GB-37, BL-62, and LI-4. (Zhen Jiu Zhi Zhi)
Apply 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with the Long Hu Jiao Zhan—Dragon
and Tiger Battle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 and GB-37 with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4, TW-3, and BL-62 with a twisting reducing needle
For Wei syndrome due to Damp-Heat: GV-20, GV-16, LI-10, LV-2, GB-30, and TW-11. (Zhen Jiu Ju Ying)
Apply 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-20 transversely, 1 cun deep with a lifting Qi technique and 1 cun #32
needle into GV-16 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 3 cun
#30 needles into GB-30 with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-2 with a
twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-10 and TW-11
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30
minutes.
For Wei syndrome with Kidney and Liver deficiency: ST-36, GV-14, BL-43, BL-23, and LV-2. (Zhen Jiu Gang Yao)
Apply a bloodletting technique on LV-2 and insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 perpendicularly, 1 cun
deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3
cones. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a rubbing needle
technique until sensation of the needle travels down along the spinal column, and apply moxa wool to the
handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-43 transversely at a 30-degree angle,
towards BL-44, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique and 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-23
with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
For Wei syndrome due to deficiency of Qi: ST-36 and SP-6. (Jiu Fa Mi Chuan)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on ST-36 for 11 cones, on SP-6 for 5 cones.
For Wei syndrome with Interior Heat: LI-4, TW-10, BL-23, GB-30, KI-2, and GB-32. (Cai Ai Bian Yi)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-10 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 45-degree angle towards TW-13 with a
twisting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 and KI-2 with a twisting even
movement needle technique. Insert 3 cun #30 needles into GB-30 perpendicularly, 2.5 cun deep with a
twisting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23 and GB-32 with a twisting even
Treat once every other day for 30 minutes as a course.
For Wei syndrome with numbness and a dull sensation on the hands and feet:
GB-42, LV-3, LI-11, PC-7, LI-4, LI-10, TW-2, and SP-9 (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into GB-42 and LV-3 with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32
needles into LI-4, TW-2, and PC-7 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles
into LI-11, LI-10, and SP-9 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
367
For Wei syndrome with paralysis of legs: GB-39 and GB-30. (Yu Long Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-39 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with the Zi Wu Dao Jiu—Mortar and
Pestle technique and 3 cun #30 needles into GB-30 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Apply
Electro stimulation on these two points, with the negative side on GB-30 and slow- fast waves for 30
minutes.
For Wei syndrome with paralysis of the legs: ST-36, SP-6, KI-7, and LV-3. (Zhen Jiu Feng Yuan)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-3, 1 cun deep towards KI-1 with a twisting even movement needle
technique and 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-36, SP-6, and KI-7 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting
For Wei syndrome with profuse sweating: LI-10 and ST-30. (Pi Wei Lun)
Apply a bloodletting technique at LI-10 and ST-30 to treat Wei syndrome with profuse sweating.
For Wei syndrome with sweating that is hard to stop: LI-9 and GB-40. (Pi Wei Lun)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-9 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique
and 1 cun #30 needles into GB-40 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for
20 minutes.
Treat during the symptoms only.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 60 year-old male patient has a main complaint of paralysis of the legs for the last 6 months. He has
associated numbness, coldness, and pain in the hands and feet. The paralysis started on both legs, with the muscles
gradually becoming weaker with dysfunction and heaviness that is aggravated by both hot and cold stimulation. He
has lassitude, a poor appetite, loose stools, a bloated abdomen, poor sleep, dizziness and headaches. The tongue was
pale with a white greasy coating and the pulse was thin and weak.
Diagnosis: Wei syndrome due to Dampness and Spleen Deficiency.
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Spleen, Resolve the Damp, and promote blood circulation.
Point Prescription: CV-12, BL-20, BL-21, LI-4, SP-6, LV-3, SP-9, LI-11, TW-5, ST-36, and GB-34.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-20 and BL-21 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #30
needles into LV-3 and LI-4 with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-9, GB-34,
TW-5, and LI-11 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-6 and
SP-36 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique and a 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun
deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply electro-stimulation on GB-34-LV-3 and LI-11-LI-4 with
continuous waves, and apply moxa wool on CV-12 for 5 cones.
Result: All symptoms improved after 2 courses of treatment, and all symptoms were cured after another 3 courses of
treatment.
368
EVALUATION
“Select Yang Ming meridians to treat ‘Wei’ syndrome.” This is a famous sentence from the Nei Jing—Ling
Shu: Chapter Gen Jie, which means to use the more Qi and Blood related meridians for treating paralysis problems.
Chinese-style acupuncturists not only use Yang Ming meridians for treating Wei syndrome, but they also use other
meridians and techniques for this chronic disease and have very good results. Wei syndrome includes all flaccid
paralysis, such as polio, multiple neuritis, myasthenia gravis, and other flaccid paralysis caused by neurological system
infections or accidents. Acupuncture treatment should be used as early as possible, and both the patient and the
practitioners have to patiently work together until the symptoms improve. Acupuncture effects usually will appear
after 10 to 15 treatments. It’s better to use acupuncture alongside exercise and physical therapy. With acute flare-ups
of Wei syndrome, we generally do not use any moxibustion therapy or hot patches.
369
WIND STROKE
Wind-stoke is a very dangerous and common disorder that affects many patients in the clinic. Its onset is
very quick and the symptoms are very changeable. Similar to the nature of the Wind syndromes, main clinical
manifestations are sudden loss of consciousness and waking up with paralysis one side of the body and face, most of
the time with speech problems as well. TCM thinks Wind-stroke is due to pathogenic Wind, Fire, and Dampness,
Deficiency and stagnation of Qi, stagnation of the Blood, and deficiency of the Yin.
Underlying disease mechanisms are deficiency of both Liver and Kidney Yin, which lead the upper body to
Excess and the lower body to Deficiency, causing the rebellious Qi and stagnation of Blood in some parts of the
meridians and brain—leading to stroke.
Fire
Interior Fire refers to Liver and Heart Fire, which are caused by either long term stagnation of Liver Qi, due
to abnormal emotional activities, or by Interior Heat, such as long term Yin Deficiency and long term
stagnation of Blood.
Phlegm
Phlegm is usually produced by over eating or long term improper food intake, making the Spleen fail in
transportation and transformation, and as a result the stagnation of water forms into Phlegm being retained
in the middle warmer. After long-term stagnation it will turn to Heat and damage the Yin of the body. It
often travels and stagnates in some parts of the body, even in the brain when accompanied by Liver Fire.
Wind
This refers to both Exterior Wind and Interior Wind. The Exterior Wind means an External Pathogenic
Influence has directly stagnated in some part of the meridians or brain—causing stroke. And Interior Wind,
which is caused by either Liver Fire and long term stagnation of Liver Qi, or extreme Blood and Yin
Deficiency which will cause Phlegm and Blood Stasis to take up in some part of the meridians and brain.
Rebellious Qi
This is due to abnormal emotional activities and/or long-term unhealthy emotional stimulation, which make
the Yin of the Liver and Heart deficient causing rebellious Qi.
Blood stagnation
This is caused most often by Interior Heat and Fire, which dries the body fluids, or deficiency of Qi failing
to move the Blood.
Wind-Stroke involves pre-stroke symptoms such as dizziness, headache, or abnormal

sensation on the face and limb(s), and a feeling of restlessness. During the stroke symptoms
include those of all kinds of western medicine CVA.
370
Wind Stroke
DIAGNOSIS
TCM divides Wind-stroke into two types, the more severe one with unconsciousness is called stroke in the organs
(Zhong Zang Fu) and the light one without the process of the coma is called stroke in the meridians (Zhong Jing
Lou). After the appearance and duration of an acute stroke, all future clinical manifestations are referred to as
sequelea of the stroke.
Stroke in Meridians (Zhong Jing Lou)

Mild stroke, consciousness is maintained, although patients could have hemiplegia and numb sensations on
one side of the body—associated with facial paralysis sometimes, stiff tongue, and ease to anger, along with
a red tongue with a yellow greasy coat, and wiry or slippery pulse.
Stroke with coma (Zhong Zang Fu)

This is a severe case of stroke, with sudden unconsciousness and coma. There are two types noted in TCM:
Tense Type (Bi)
Unconsciousness, clenched hands and jaws, red complexion, labored breathing with gurgling
phlegm in the throat, constipation, and retention of urine. The pulse is slippery and fast.
Flaccid Type (Tuo)

Deep coma with eyes, mouth, and hands flaccid and open, enuresis, uncontrolled bowel
movements, weak breathing, extremely cold extremities, and pulse is hidden and weak.
Sequelea of Stroke
After an acute condition and the emergency has been stabilized, the patient may still have facial paralysis,
hemiplegia, pain and numbness in the hands and feet, a red tongue with a yellow coating, and a pulse on the
healthy side of body that is wiry whereas the paralyzed side is weak—this is called sequelea of stroke.
Stroke attacking the Meridians (Zhong Jing Lou)

Treatment Principle: Regulate Qi and Blood, and Dredge the meridians.
Point Prescription: LI-15, LI-11, LI-4, TW-5, GB-30, GB-34, ST-36, ST-41, and BL-60.
(Select the points on the diseased side only.)
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #28 needles into LI-15, LI-11, GB-34, and ST-36 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing
needle technique. Insert 1 cun #30 needles for LI-4, TW-5, ST-41, and BL-60 with twisting reducing needle
technique and a 3 cun #30 needle for GB-30 with even movement technique. Retain all the needles for 30 minutes.
Upper limb paralysis: TW-14, TW-4, and SI-3.
Lower limb paralysis: GB-31 and GB-39.
Long time disease: GV-14, SI-1, GV-3, BL-30, PC-3, PC-7, LV-8, KI-3, Ba Xie, and Ba Feng.
Speech problem: CV-23 and HT-5.
Numb sensations on the skin: Plum blossom needle with weak stimulation in the affected areas.
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Stroke with Coma (Zhong Zang Fu)

Tense Type (Bi)
Treatment Principle: Move the stagnation of Qi and Blood and Open the orifices.
Point Prescription: GV-26, the 12 Jing-well points, LV-3, ST-40, and PC-8. (Select points bilaterally.)
Treat only in emergency.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles for GV-26, LV-3, and PC-8 with strong twisting needle technique and
1.5 cun #30 needles for ST-40 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Perform bloodletting on
the 12 Jing-well points after needle treatment.
After becoming conscious: Remove the needles above and add GV-20, Yin Tang, GB-31, SP-6, and
LI-4.
Clenched jaw: ST-6 and ST-4.
Difficulty swallowing: KI-6 and CV-22.
Speech problems: GV-15 and HT-5.
Flaccid Type (Tuo)

Treatment Principle: Recuperate depleted Yang and Rescuing the patient from collapse.
Point Prescription: CV-4 and CV-8 with indirect moxibustion with salt, continuing until the patient wakes up,
and the temperature and the pulse return to normal.
Spontaneous sweating: HT-6.
Snoring sleep: BL-62.
Uncontrolled urine: ST-28, SP-6, and ST-36.
Deficiency Yang: GV-4, BL-24, BL-23, and KI-1 with direct non-scarring moxibustion until the
body feels warm.
Sequelae of Stroke
Treatment Principle: Dredge the meridians and Move the Qi and Blood.
Point Prescription: CV-6, GV-14, GV-4, BL-23, GV-20, LI-11, and ST-36.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-14, GV-4, and BL-23 with twisting reinforcing needle technique and
apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-20 backwards against
meridian flow, 1.2 cun deep with lifting Qi technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-6, LI-11, and ST-36 with
lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all the needles for 30 minutes.
Facial paralysis: ST-4, ST-6, LI-4, Tai Yang, and TW-17.
Easy to anger: LV-3, TW-5, BL-43, and BL-45.
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Wind Stroke
Ear Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Brain, Occipital, Shen men, Upper limb, Low limb, Shoulder, Neck, Heart, Liver,
Kidney, Sympathetic, Sub cortex.
Selecting 3 to 5 points in each treatment, insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles into these points with fast twisting
needle technique until a hot sensation is felt under the needles. Retain the needles for 40 minutes.
Scalp Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Middle line of vertex, Anterior oblique line from the vertex to temple, Posterior oblique
line from vertex to temple, and Lateral line 1 of the vertex.
Selecting treatment zones on the healthy side with 1.5 cun #28 needles, begin the treatment. Insert the
needles at the angle of 30-degrees into the treatment zones with fast twisting needle technique. At the same
time, tell the patient to exercise one’s limbs actively. Retain the needles for 2 hours.
Eye Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Upper warmer, Middle warmer, Lower warmer, Heart, Liver, and Kidney.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 needles into these points obliquely or transversely, 0.2 cun deep and retain the needles
for 30 minutes after the patient feels the sensation of the Qi.
Nose Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Heart, Liver, Gall bladder, Lung, and Kidney.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.1 to 0.2 cun deep with twisting reducing
Foot Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Li Nei Ting, Nei Tai Cong, San Jiao, Head, and Kidney.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.5 cun to 0.8 cun deep with twisting reducing
Moxibustion
Use direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-20, TW-4, LI-12, LI-15, and ST-36 for 11 cones. Treat once
every other day, 5 treatments as a course.
Electro-Acupuncture
Apply fast-slow waves on the scalp and ear points for 20 minutes in each treatment. And apply continues
waves on the four extremities selecting points according to the distribution of the muscles and nerves for 20
minutes.
Treat once very other day for 10 treatments as a course.
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The following prescriptions are from the Author’s Clinical Experience.

For stroke in both tense and flaccid types: GV-26, PC-9, KI-1, GV-20, CV-6, and CV-4.
Additional points
Clenched jaw: ST-6.
Upper extremity paralysis: LI-15, TW-14, LI-11, and LI-4.
Weakness of the hand: SI-4 and SI-3.
Swollen hand: Shi Xuan.
Weakness of the shoulder: GV-14, LI-16, and SI-10.
Lower extremity paralysis: Shi Qi Zhui Xia, GB-30, Huan Zhong, BL-40, BL-35, ST-36, and GB-
39.
Weakness in the leg: ST-32, He Ding, Xi Yan, and BL-57.
Weakness of the toes: Ba Feng and KI-3.
For tense type of stroke:
Insert 1 cun #28 needles into GV-26 obliquely upward, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with fast twisting reducing needle
technique (twist the needle over 200/per minute). Insert 1 cun #28 needles into KI-1 perpendicularly, 0.8
cun deep with twisting and lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique until the patient wakes up. Use
bloodletting technique on PC-9 with a three-edge needle, squeezing out 3-5 drops of blood.
For flaccid type of stroke:
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-20 subcutaneously against the meridian flow, 1.2 cun deep with fast
twisting technique (twist the needle over 200/per minute). Insert 1 cun #28 needle into GV-20 obliquely
upward, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique and keep doing the needle technique every 3
minutes during the retaining of the needles. Apply indirect moxibustion with salt on CV-4 and ginger on
CV-6, until the patient wakes up, and the pulse and body temperature recover.
Additional points for upper extremity paralysis:
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-6 perpendicularly, 0.8-1 cun deep with the Long Hu Jiao Zhan—Dragon
and Tiger Battle technique, and retain the needles for 30 minutes for clenched jaws. Insert 1.5 cun or 2 cun
#30 needles into LI-15 and TW-14 perpendicular towards HT-1 with twisting reinforcing needle technique,
and apply the moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11
perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with rubbing (twisting count clock wise) technique to let the sensation of the
needle travel down to the finger and retain the needles for 30 minutes. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4
with twisting reinforcing needle technique (or insert 1.5 cun #32 needle go through to PC-8 with the same
technique.
Additional points for weakness of the hand:
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SI-3 perpendicularly, 0.8-1.2 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into SI-4 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all the needles
for 30-40 minutes or with Electro-stimulation on continuous wave.
Additional points for swollen hands:
Use a three-edge needle or 1 cun #26 needle on Shi Xuan making 2-3 drops of blood.
Additional points for weakness of the shoulder:
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with rubbing needle technique (rub
the needle clockwise after getting the Qi sensation and until the sensation travels). Insert 1 cun #32 needles
into LI-16 perpendicularly with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SI-10
with lifting the thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all the needles for 40 minutes.
Additional points for lower extremity paralysis:
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Wind Stroke
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into Shi Qi Zhui Xia, BL-40, ST-36, and GB-39 perpendicularly with twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Insert 3 cun #30 needles into Huang Zhong, GB-30, and BL-35
perpendicularly, 2-2.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all the needles for 40
minutes or with Electro-stimulation on continuous wave.
Additional points for weakness of the leg:
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-32, He Ding, Xi Yan, and BL-57 perpendicularly with twisting
reinforcing needle technique or with Electro-stimulation on intermittent wave.
Additional points for weakness of the toes:
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into Ba Feng and KI-3 perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique or apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones.
The following prescriptions are from the Zhen Jiu Da Cheng.

For wind stroke in a coma with clenched jaw and intense symptoms: LU-11, LI-1, PC-9, SI-1, TW-1, and HT-1.
Use bloodletting technique on LU-11, LI-1, PC-9, SI-1, TW-1, and HT-1 squeezing out 2 to 3 drops of
blood. The treatment is only used in emergency.
For wind stroke with inner leg muscle spasms: SP-6.
Use direct moxibustion on SP-6 for 10 cones in each treatment, 40 cones as a course.
For wind stroke with outer leg muscle spasms: GB-39.
Use direct moxibustion on GB-39 for 10 cones in each treatment, 30 cones as a course.
For wind stoke with leg weakness: BL-60. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-60 with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain the needles for 20
minutes.
For wind stroke in a coma with collapse of Yang, uncontrolled bowls and urine: CV-8. (Jing Yue Quan Shu)
Indirect moxibustion with salt and ginger
Use salt (it’s better to dry it in the pot for a while) on CV-8, and a piece of ginger above, and then apply
large moxa-cones on it until the patient wakes up.
For Sequelea of wind stroke: LI-4, LI-11, GB-21, GB-30, SP-10, SP-9, GB-34, ST-36, GB-39, and BL-62. (Yu long Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into all these points on the healthy side of the body with twisting reinforcing or
lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all the needles for 10 minutes. Then insert 1.5 cun
#30 needles into all these point on the disease side of the body for disease side of body with lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all the needles for 30 minutes.
For Sequelae of stroke with symptoms of arm contractions and difficulty extending: LI-10 and SI-4. (Jiu Fa Mi Chuan)
Apply direct moxibustion on LI-10 and SI-4 for 20 cones each treatment. Treat once daily for 7 treatments
as a course.
For Sequelae of stroke patients who feel itching sensations and weak sensations on the hands and feet:
BL-62, TW-13, SI-4, LI-4, LV-2, GB-31, and GB-34 (diseased side of the body) (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-62, SI-4, LI-4, and LV-2 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5
cun #32 needles into TW-13, GB-31, and GB-34 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
Treat once twice a week, 5 treatments as a course.
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For Sequelae of stroke:

Main points: PC-6, GV-26, and SP-6.
Supplemental points: HT-1, BL-40, LU-5, GB-20, GB-12, LI-4, and CV-23. (Shanghai Zhong Yi Zha Zhi)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-6 perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique
and then into GV-26 obliquely towards the nose, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep with vibrating technique until the eyes
get wet or tear. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-6 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into HT-1, LU-5, BL-40, GB-20, GB-12, and CV-23 with lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 obliquely towards LI-3, 0.8 cun deep with
twisting reducing needle technique and retain all the needles with main points.
For Sequelae of stroke: GV-20, Paralysis I, Paralysis II, GV-26, and CV-23. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into Paralysis I and II (Paralysis I is located between HT-7 and HT-3 and
Paralysis II is located 1.5 cun above GB-33) perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into GV-20, GV-26, and CV-23 with twisting
reducing needle technique. Retain all the needles for 40 minutes.
For stroke with consciousness problems: GV-26, GV-24, GB-42, and LI-4. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into GV-26 and GV-24 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32
needles into GB-42 and LI-4 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
For Sequelae of stroke with body and facial paralysis: Qian Zhen, ST-7, GV-20, GB-30, LU-7, LI-11, GB-31, and LV-3.
(Shi Yi De Xiao Fang)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on Qian Zhen—an extra point located 1 cun anterior to the ear lobe,
for 7 cones on the healthy side. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into ST-7 on the diseased side of the body,
perpendicularly 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-20
with fast twisting needle technique, 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-7, LI-11, GB-31, and LV-3 with twisting
reducing needle technique on the diseased side and twisting reinforcing needle technique on the healthy side
of the body. Insert a 3 cun #30 needle into GB-30 on the diseased side with twisting reducing needle
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Wind Stroke
CASE ANALYSIS
A 54-year-old male patient entered the clinic with a main complaint of paralysis for 5 months, started by
Wind-stroke without coma, and loss of consciousness. Paralysis and numbness were felt on the left side of the body
and face and was associated with headache, dizziness, nausea, tiff tongue, constipation, and high blood pressure. The
tongue was red with a yellow thick dry coating and the right pulse was strong and wiry and the left pulse was deep
and weak.
Diagnosis: Wind Stroke (Zhong Jing Lou)
Treatment Principle: Regulate Qi and Blood, and Dredge the stagnation in the meridians.
Point Prescription: LV-3, LI-4, PC-6, ST-36, CV-23, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36, SP-6, CV-23, and PC-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting
reinforcing needle technique and 1 cun #30 needles into LV-3 and LI-4 with twisting reinforcing needle technique
on the healthy side (right side). Retain the needles for 20 minutes. Then use same points on the diseased side of the
body (left side) with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique and retain the needles for 30 minutes.
Result: After one course of treatment, the paralysis and numbness were 90% resolved. The patient then rested for 2
weeks before starting the second course of treatments, in which all the symptoms were resolved.
EVALUATION
For thousands of years people used acupuncture and moxibustion to treat Wind-stoke patients and got
remarkable effects and successful experiences. In modern society most of the stroke patients will be sent to the
emergency room, and acupuncture usually is supplemental. Acupuncture and moxibustion will play an important
role in the treatment of sequelae of Wind-stroke in the rehabilitation time to help dysfunction of meridians and the
body.
Scalp acupuncture is used most of the time to help move the paralyzed body and body acupuncture usually
works for balancing Yin and Yang, promoting the circulation of Qi, and resolving stagnation of Blood. Generally
speaking, the Wind-stroke in the meridians (Zhong Jing Lou) will be much easier treated then Wind-stroke in the
organs (Zhong Zang Fu). TCM pays more attention in preventive medicine and trying to help with some pre-stroke
symptoms, when people who are over 50 years old have Liver Yang Rising and/or Kidney Yin Deficiency
syndrome, often associated with dizziness, numbness, and twitching sensations on the fingers or occasional speech
problems. Application of acupuncture on GB-31 and ST-36 is good preventative treatment.
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YU SYNDROME—EMOTIONAL DISORDER
Yu syndrome is one form of behavior and/or emotional change in a human being. This psychological
disorder is very hard to define due to its ambiguous nature. The complexity of Yu syndrome is that it can describe
symptoms of anxiety, depression, and even mania. In TCM, Yu syndrome is attributed to stagnation of Qi and can
include severe stress, depression, anxiety, hysteria and Zang Zao, which includes hysteria and other emotional
problems related with dysfunction of internal organs.
Beginning Stages
Most of Yu syndromes start with unhealthy emotional stimulation. It can be excess joy, anger, grief, fear,
sadness, fright, or over-thinking. All these emotions will impact movement of the Qi, causing physical
responses, such as plum pit Qi, chest stuffiness, a headache, a bloated abdomen, insomnia, dizziness, etc.
Later Stages
Long-term Yu syndrome will impact some organs internally, which is referred to as Zang Zao in Chinese.
When the patient has a Spleen Deficiency, the main symptom is phlegm. With a Kidney Deficiency, the
main symptom is disharmony between the Heart Fire and Kidney Water. Stagnation of Qi obstructs the
Kidney Water from ascending to nourish the Heart Fire and the Heart Fire from descending to warm the
Kidney Water.
DIAGNOSIS
Plum Pit
Symptoms appear as dysphoria, depression, stress associated with a stuffy feeling in the chest and the
sensation of a foreign object being lodged in the throat, like a plum-pit that is hard to expel or swallow
(without influencing eating and drinking), sighing, and an inclination towards paranoia. The tip and edge of
the tongue is red with a white greasy coat, and the pulse is wiry or slippery.
Zang Zao
This syndrome can resemble a trance, abnormal emotions with crying or abnormal anger and laughter that is
aggravated by any emotional stimulation. The tongue is red with a white thin coating and the pulse is thin
and floating. There will be a tendency towards Heart and Spleen Blood Deficiency. The patient can feel a
bloating sensation on the epigastric and abdominal region, a poor appetite, heart palpitations, insomnia,
lassitude, restlessness and may have a pale complexion. The tongue is pale with a thin coat, and the pulse is
thin and weak. With a Heart and Kidney Yin Deficiency, the patient will feel more dizziness and vertigo,
ringing ear, malar flushes, heat sensation in the five hearts, a sore and weak sensation in the low back and
both legs and insomnia with dysphoria. The tongue is red without a coat and pulse is thin and fast.
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Yu Syndrome—Emotional Disorder
Plum Pit
Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver, Move the stagnation of Qi, Clear the Fire and Resolve the Phlegm.
Point Prescription: LV-3, CV-17, ST-40, LU-10, and HT-7.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3, LU-10, and HT-7 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun to 0.5 cun deep with a
twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-17 obliquely, 1.2 cun deep at a 45-degree
angle downwards with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-40 with a
Dry throat: LI-19 and LI-1.
Insomnia: ST-45 with direct non-scarring moxibustion for 8 cones.
Zang Zao
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Qi and Yin, and Calm the Heart Shen.
Point Prescription: BL-17, KI-23, BL-15, PC-6, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-17 and BL-15 obliquely, 1 cun deep towards the spinal column at a 60-
degree angle with a lifting and thrusting even movement needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of
the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-23, PC-6, and SP-6 perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep
with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
In a trance: GV-26 and PC-9.
Trembling limbs: LV-3 and GB-34.
Stiff muscles: GV-20 and PC-7.
Locked jaw: LI-4 and ST-6.
Hiccup: CV-12 and ST-36.
Deafness: GB-2 and TW-3.
Aphonia: HT-5 and CV-23.
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Ear Acupuncture
Points: Brain, Brain stem, Heart, Liver, Shen Men, and Endocrine.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles into these points obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 45-degree angle with a twisting
reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 40 minutes. Or apply press-balls on one side of ear for 3
days.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Middle line of the vertex, lateral line 1 of the vertex, lateral line 3 of the forehead, anterior
line of the temple.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these lines transversely, 1 cun deep with a fast twisting needle technique.

Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these areas transversely, 1.2 cun deep at a 15-degree angle without any
particular needling technique and avoid any sensation of the needles. Retain all needles for 30 minutes to 1
hour.
Cupping
Points: CV-17, CV-12, BL-13, BL-15, and BL-20.
Apply fire cups on CV-17 and CV-12 for 3 minutes and on BL-13, BL-15, and BL-20 for 5 minutes.
Treat once daily for 3 treatments as a course, or with other techniques together.
Moxibustion
Direct moxibustion: LV-1, SP-4, BL-23, and BL-18.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-1 and SP-4 for 5 cones and on BL-23 and BL-18 for
9 cones.
Indirect moxibustion: CV-6, CV-12, and BL-43.
Apply indirect moxibustion with a Fu Zi (aconite) cake on CV-6 and CV-12 for 3 cones and on BL-
43 for 5 cones.
Moxa pole: GV-20, KI-1, and CV-4.
Apply moxa-pole on GV-20 for 10 minutes, on KI-1 and CV-4 for 20 minutes.
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Yu Syndrome—Emotional Disorder
For plum pit: PC-5 and SP-6. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)

Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into PC-5 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle
technique and 1 cun #34 needles into SP-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For Zang Zao with grief and crying: GV-20 and GV-26. (Shen Yin Jing)
Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into GV-26 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Apply a moxa-pole on GV-20 for 20 minutes.
For Zang Zao with a trance: GV-26, LI-4, and KI-1. (Bai Zhen Fu)
Insert a 1 cun #28 needle into GV-26 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle
technique and 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 and KI-1 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all
For plum pit with Interior Heat: LV-13, TW-6, LV-2, SP-4, and CV-17. (Zhen Jiu Za Zhi)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-4 and LV-2 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting even movement
needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-13 and TW-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a
twisting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-17 obliquely, 1 cun deep downwards at
a 60-degree angle with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For Zang Zao with a poor appetite and lassitude: CV-12, ST-25, LV-3, and Yin Tang. (Bai Zhen Fu)
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into LV-3 and Yin Tang with a twisting even movement needle technique. Insert
1.5 cun #32 needle into ST-25 and CV-12 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needle for 3 cones.
For Zang Zao with aphasia: HT-5, CV-22, ST-9, and LI-4. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into HT-5 and LI-4 perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-22 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 60-degree angle following the
direction of the trachea with a twisting even movement needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-9
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For Zang Zao with Yin Deficiency: KI-6, LV-8, HT-7, BL-23, GV-14, and Bai Lao. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-14 and Bai Lao perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
even movement needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23 with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-6, LV-8, and HT-7
perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes.
For plum pit with insomnia: SP-9, LI-11, CV-19, and An Mian. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-9 and LI-11 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #34 needle into CV-19 transversely, 1 cun deep towards
CV-18 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into An Mian
perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
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For plum pit with bad depression: BL-22, BL-18, BL-42, GV-12, LI-4, LV-3, CV-22, and ST-28.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-22, BL-18, and GV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-42 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 30-
degree angle towards BL-43 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-22 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 60-degree angle following the trachea with a
rubbing needle technique (rub the needle counter- clockwise) until the sensation of needle spreads over into
the chest. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into LV-3 and LI-4 with a twisting reducing needle technique and 1.5
cun #32 needles into ST-28 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For Zang Zao with anxiety attacks: TW-4, LI-5, GB-41, SP-5, LV-8, LI-11, CV-17, and GV-24.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into TW-4, LI-5, GB-41, SP-5 perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep with a twisting
Dao Qi technique (one of the ancient needle techniques using a slow twisting and lifting and thrusting until
the Qi travels along the meridian). Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-8, LI-11, and CV-17 with a lifting and
thrusting even movement needle technique and 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-24 transversely, 1 cun deep
towards the back at a 30-degree angle with a fast twisting needle technique. Retain all needles for 30
minutes.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 55 year-old female patient had a main complaint of severe depression for over 5 years since her son died.
Symptoms included a refusal to take any medication, talk or exercise, along with crying and locking herself in her
room, a poor appetite, nightmares with crying and shouting in her sleep, lassitude, and restlessness. Her tongue was
red with a yellow thick greasy coat and her pulse was slippery.
Diagnosis: Zang Zao due to accumulation of Phlegm.
Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver, Reinforce the Spleen, and Resolve Phlegm.
Point Prescription: GV-14, HT-7, GB-20, and ST-40.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-20 and GB-20 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes, and repeat the needle technique every 5
minutes during needle retention. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into HT-7 obliquely, 0.8 cun deep towards PC-7with a
twisting even movement needle technique and 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-40 with a lifting and thrusting reducing
Result: She had quite peaceful sleep after the first treatment, and her behavior changed after 5 treatments. She was
back to normal after a total of 3 courses of treatment. Treatment was performed once every other day from the
second course.
EVALUATION
Yu syndrome was treated with acupuncture and moxibustion during ancient times for a few thousand years.
This disorder typically included many emotional problems in the psychological field, such as depression, anxiety,
sadness, over-thinking, and a tendency towards anger, fear, and hysteria. Acupuncture and moxibustion is effective
for treating these problems, or with some Traditional Chinese herb formulas, such as “Xiao Yao Wan,” “Xiao Chai
Hu Tang” and “Yue Ju Wan.” A clear diagnosis is the key to increasing the effect of acupuncture and moxibustion,
as well as in preventing some severe diseases, such as esophageal tumors, brain tumors, or other infectious diseases.
The family and relatives, as well as the social environment must support the treatment.
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Acne
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CHAPTER II: E.E.N.T DISORDERS
ACNE
Acne is a chronic inflammation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands that often occur among adolescents.
Its clinical characteristics manifest as papulars, nodules, and acne on the face. At the beginning, they are papular in a
normal skin color. They gradually become red inflammatory papulars and nodules. The larger ones may form into
acne. Some white fatty substances can be squeezed out from them. When they further develop, they can turn into
red and hard nodules, called acne indurate. If some acne gathers and coalesces under the deeper subcutaneous
tissue, it is called acne conglobate. If they further develop, the fat substances inside will not be able to be
discharged, and then they may become small skin cysts, called cystic acne. If they have secondary infections, they
will form into small abscesses and ulceration. And there will be scars left. In mild cases, they will be no unusual
feeling, but in serious cases there will be light itching and pricking pain. This inflammation usually occurs on the
face and the torso among teenagers. Often acne can recover spontaneously after adolescence. In accordance with
TCM theory, its cause is often Wind Heat or Damp Heat accumulation in the Lungs, Stomach, and Cong or Ren
meridians.
DIAGNOSIS
The following is a list of commonly diagnosed causes for the presence of acne. Among these causes, each
has a distinct set of characteristics and symptoms that can be observed. These distinct collections of characteristics
serve as a guide to help identify the cause of this skin disorder.
Stagnation of Qi and Blood

Acne located on the face that feels hot and itchy, associated with restlessness, tendency to anger, poor sleep,
constipation, and aggravated by intake of stimulating food. The tongue is red with a yellow greasy coating
and the pulse is thin and wiry.
Wind-Heat stagnating in the Lung Meridian

There are red papules, tubercles, acne, with inflammatory infiltration around them, mostly distributes in the
forehead or near the side of the nose, accompanied with burning sensation, running and/or stuffy nose,
allergies, ease to catch cold, and sneezing. The tongue is red with a thick yellow coating and the pulse is
floating and fast.
Damp-Heat Stagnation in the Spleen and Stomach

In this pattern skin lesions that are mainly characterized as acne, indurative acne, and cystic acne, that are
mostly distributed near cheek area (near ST-7 to SI-18) with dark or red color are the characteristic
symptoms. Sometimes they may become watery when the blister is broken. Associated signs are poor sleep
and constipation. The tongue is red with a yellow greasy coating and the pulse is slippery and fast.
Disharmonies of the Cong and Ren Meridians

The acne in this case could be distributed anywhere on the face and upper back, along with malar flush,
scattered inflammatory nodules, acne, abscesses, and furuncles on the face with scars and itchiness.
Associated signs are restlessness, poor sleep, stress, and in female patient cases it will worsen during the
menstrual cycle. The tongue is dark with black or purple dots and the pulse is wiry or choppy.
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Acne
TREATMENT AND POINT PRESCRIPTIONS

Treatment Principle: Move the stagnation of Qi and Resolve the stagnation of Blood.
Point Prescription: LV-3, LI-4, TW-5, LI-15, LV-8, BL-17, and BL-13.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3 and LI-4 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-5 obliquely, 1 cun deep towards the TW-6 direction
with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-15 and LV-8 with twisting even
movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-13 and BL-17
perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes.
Stuffy sensation in the chest and hypochondriac area: GB-34 and CV-17.
Headache: GV-20 and Tai Yang.
Poor sleep: LV-2 and HT-7.
Damp-Heat Stagnation in the Lung Meridian

Treatment Principle: Clear Lung Heat and Move the Qi.
Point Prescription: LU-5, LI-4, GV-14, and BL-13.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LU-5 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly with lifting and thrusting even movement needle technique,
and 1 cun #30 needles into BL-13 with waving technique, until the red marks appear around the needles. Apply a
fire cups on GV-14 and BL-13 for 3 minutes.
Stuffy nose: LI-20.
Itching: LU-7.
Headache: GV-24.
Damp-Heat Stagnation in the Stomach and Spleen

Treatment Principle: Resolve Damp-Heat and Harmonize the Stomach and Spleen.
Point Prescription: ST-40, SP-6, LI-11, BL-20, BL-21, and BL-13.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-40, LI-11, and SP-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-20 and
BL-21 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-13
perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes.
Poor appetite: ST-36 and CV-12.
Constipation: TW-5 and ST-25.
Foul taste in the mouth: CV-23 and HT-5.
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Disharmony of the Cong and Ren Meridians

Treatment Principle: Regulate Qi and Blood, and Harmonize the Cong and Ren meridians.
Point Prescription: CV-4, SP-6, LI-11, PC-6, ST-8, BL-17, BL-19, and BL-20.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-4 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-6 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 60-degree angle towards SP-7 with twisting
reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into PC-6 and ST-8 with twisting even movement needle
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-17, BL-19, and BL-20 perpendicularly, 0.8-1 cun deep with twisting even
Irregular menstruation: SP-4 and KI-3.
Scars on the face: ST-7 with warming needle technique.
Itching and blisters: TW-5 and TW-14.
Ear Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Lung, Liver, Shoulder, Shen Men, and Sub cortex.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 ear needles into Lung, Liver, and Shen Men obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 60-degree angle
with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 0.5 cun #32 needles into Shoulder and Sub cortex
obliquely, 0.3 deep with fast twisting needle technique. Repeat this process every 10 minutes during 40
minutes needle retaining time. Or apply press-ball on these points after regular acupuncture treatment.

Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these treatment areas transversely, 1.2 cun deep at a 10-15-degree angle
avoiding any sensation of the needles. Retain all needles for 40 minutes.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zone: Lateral line 3 of the vertex, Posterior line from vertex to temple, and Middle line of
forehead.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these lines transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with twisting
Moxibustion
Direct moxibustion: BL-13, BL-20, GV-14, and GV-12.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-13 and BL-20 for 7 cones and on GV-14 and GV-12
for 11 cones.
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Acne

Moxa pole: Apply moxa-pole on ST-7 near the acne area for 20 minutes.
Plum Blossom
Treatment area: Back, Arm, BL-40, and Tai Yang.
Apply medium level stimulation of a plum-blossom needle on the back from GV-14 to GV-9 and BL-11 to
BL-17 until red marks with a little blood appears. Then apply weak stimulation on the arm from LU-5 to
LU-6, BL-40, and Tai Yang until red marks appear.
Bloodletting
Treatment area: LI-1, ST-45, SP-1, and Upper back.
Apply bloodletting technique on the LI-1, ST-45, and SP-1 to squeeze out 1-2 drops of blood. Look for
black dots or purple tiny veins near both the scapular and upper back, and then apply bloodletting technique
to squeeze 2-3 drops of black blood from there.
Treat once a week for 3 treatments as a course. Or apply with other therapy together.
Foot Acupuncture
Treatment area: Lung, Li Nei Ting, Head, and Liver.
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.3-0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
For acne due to Wind Heat: LI-11, LI-4, GV-14, and BL-13. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with the Chi Feng Ying Yuan—Red
Phoenix Spread its Wings needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 with twisting even movement
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-13 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with the Qi Ci
technique—one of the ancient needle techniques where one needle is on the point and two other needles
are on each side in order to increase the sensation of the Qi. Retain all needles for 15 minutes.
For acne due to stagnation of Qi and Blood: LU-5, LU-7, LV-3, SP-10, and ST-7. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-5 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique,
and 1 cun #32 needles into LU-7 obliquely, 0.8 cun deep upwards with twisting even movement needle
technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3 and ST-7 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting
reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-10 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting
387
For acne due to disharmony of Cong and Ren meridians: GB-20, BL-13, BL-23, CV-4, SP-6, and ST-8. (Zhen Jiu Feng Yuan)
Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into GB-20 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep towards the nose direction with twisting
even movement needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-13 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with
lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23 perpendicularly, 1
cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa-wool on the handle of needles for 3
cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-6 and ST-7 with twisting reducing needle technique, and a 1.5 cun
#34 needle into CV-4 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique, and
apply moxa-wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones.
For acne due to Damp-Heat: ST-36, TW-6, LV-13, GB-21, BL-20, and Tai Yang. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into ST-36, TW-6, and LV-13 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into Tai Yang perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with
twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes. Then insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into
GB-21 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep towards ST-11 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32
needles into BL-20 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes.
For acne due to stagnation of Qi and Blood: BL-15, BL-13, BL-18, BL-20, and BL-23. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
Select 3 points in each treatment. Massage and squeeze the point first until the a red-mark appears and then
apply bloodletting technique on these points to squeeze 2-3 drops of blood.
For acne due to Blood Heat: Quan Jian, BL-13, LU-10, LI-11, BL-15, GB-21, and SP-9. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-21 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique,
and 1 cun #30 needles into BL-13 and BL-15 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with waving technique.
Retain all needles for 10 minutes. Then insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-11 and SP-9 with lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LU-10 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with
twisting reducing needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on Quan Jian—an extra point
located on the tip of third metacarpal bone for 6 cones.
For acne due to Heat Stagnation: LU-5, LI-4, SP-4, and SP-9. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into SP-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-9 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-5 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting
reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting
even movement needle technique, and apply electro-stimulation with intermittent waves—the negative side
on LU-5 for 20 minutes.
For acne due to Qi and Yin Deficiency: CV-17, GV-20, BL-23, BL-20, LU-9, and LU-3. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes. Then insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-17 obliquely,
1 cun deep at a 45-degree angle in the CV-16 direction with twisting reinforcing needle technique, along
with 1 cun #34 needles into LU-9 and LU-3 perpendicularly, 0.3-0.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
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Acne
For acne with constipation: TW-6, ST-25, LI-10, SP-6, and Rectum point in the ear. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-5, LI-10, and SP-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-25 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting
and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Apply press-balls on Rectum
point in the ear and instruct the patient to press it 3 times daily.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 25 year-old female patient complained of acne that had been manifesting on her skin for over 5 years.
The acne was mainly distributed on the forehead and cheek area with itching and burning sensations, was dark red in
color and often filled with pus. Associated signs were restlessness, constipation, dry mouth, and poor sleep. The
tongue was red with a yellow thin coating and the pulse was deep and wiry.
Diagnosis: Acne due to Damp-Heat.

Treatment Principle: Clear Heat and Resolve the stagnation of Dampness and Blood.
Point Prescription: LI-11, LI-4, GV-14, BL-13, SP-6, and SP-9.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-14 and BL-13 perpendicularly, 0.8 – 1 cun deep with lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes. Then insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11
and SP-9 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, along with 1 cun #34
needles into LI-4 and SP-6 with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Result: The symptoms were much improved after 5 treatments, however there was a little new acne growing. All the
acne was resolved after 5 courses of treatment and the skin look and felt smooth.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion is very effective for treating acne by means of regulating the Qi and Blood.
The most critical step in correct treatment is to make a correct diagnosis in accordance to TCM theory. Once the
diagnosis is made correctly, it will help to make a correct principle of treatment and an effective point prescription.
During the treatment it is often best to not change the prescription and points until much later on when treatment
has proven to be ineffective. This is because most effect will not appear until after 10–15 treatments. Herbs and
other therapies usually work very well in conjunction with acupuncture without any bad interference.
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ACUTE CONJUNCTIVITIS
Acute conjunctivitis is a disorder of the eyes that is also known as “red-eyes”. Usually it is a symptom
commonly caused by Heat Invasion in terms of TCM. It is one of the most common diseases to occur in the eye.
Western medical understanding is that it is caused by a pathological bacterial or viral invasion. Its principle
manifestations of symptoms are photophobia, foreign body sensation, conjunctive congestion, and purulent
secretion.
DIAGNOSIS
According to TCM there are usually two common causes of Acute Conjunctivitis. Each cause is usually
accompanied with its own derived set of symptoms. However, due to the similarity of these symptoms it is
important to note the subtle differences in order to make the correct diagnosis.
Wind Heat in the Lung Meridian

Symptoms include redness, swelling, and pain of the eye, tearing, profuse eye secretions of mucus, and
possibly headache, and fever. The tongue is red and the pulse is floating and rapid.
Wind Heat in the Liver and Gallbladder Meridian

Manifestations include redness, swelling, and pain of the eye, profuse mucous eye secretion, and bitter taste
in the mouth, constipation, dizziness, and headache. The patient may also be irritable and easily angered.
The tongue is red with a yellow, greasy coating and the pulse is wiry and slippery.
For both types of Wind Heat

Treatment Principle: Expel the Wind Heat and Clear the eyes.
Point Prescription: LI-4, LV-3, BL-1, and Tai Yang.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-1 and Tai Yang perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique. Next insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-4 and LV-3 using lifting thrusting reducing needle
Fever and aversion to cold: LU-11 and GV-23.
Liver and Gallbladder Fire: LV-2 and GB-43.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Eye, Eye1, Eye2, and Liver.
Use 0.5 cun ear needles for all points. Insert the needles obliquely with fast twisting needle technique and
retain them for 30 minutes.
Treat the patient for once every day for 3 treatments as a course.
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Acute Conjunctivitis
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Lateral line 1 of forehead and Lateral line 1 of the vertex.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these two lines with fast twisting needle technique or lifting Qi needle
technique. Retain all the needles for 30 to 40 minutes.
Treat for once every other day for 3 treatments as a course.
Cupping
Points: GB-21, GV-14, and SI-11.
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into all points with twisting reducing needle technique. Do not retain needles.
Next, apply fire cups on these points and retain the cups for 3 minutes.
The treatment is once every day for 3 treatments as a course.

For acute conjunctivitis: SI-5 and BL-67. (Yi Xue Gang Mu)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into both points to a depth of 0.1 cun with twisting reducing needle technique.
Do not retain needles. Next apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on these two points for 7 cones each.
For acute conjunctivitis: Da Gu Kong, Xiao Gu Kong, and Tai Yang. (Yu Long Ge)
Use indirect non-scarring moxibustion on Da Gu Kong and Xiao Gu Kong for 7 cones each. Next insert a
1 cun #30 needle into Tai Yang with twisting reducing needle technique and enlarge the acupuncture hole
when taking the needle out.
For acute conjunctivitis due to Liver and Gallbladder Heat: LI-4, ST-36, Tai Yang, BL-1, BL-2, and TW-23.
(Shen Shi Yao Han)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LI-4, ST-36, Tai Yang, and BL-1 with reducing twisting needle technique and
retain the needles for 30 minutes. If the condition does not change, then insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-
2 and TW-23 with twisting reducing needle technique.
For acute conjunctivitis due to Excess Heat: (Zhen Jiu Chu Fan Da Quan)
Main points: LI-14 and Tip of the ear.
Supplemental points: LI-4, LV-3, BL-1, Tai Yang, GV-23, and GB-20.
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into LI-14 obliquely upwards, 0.3 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique for a while, then further insert the needle another 0.3 cun deep using the same
needle technique. If the symptom is still there, insert another 0.3 cun deep with same technique.
Most patients will feel much better during the manipulations. Next extract 2 drops of blood from
the tip of the ear using a bloodletting needle. If necessary use 1 cun #32 needles for other
supplemental points with reducing twisting needle technique and retain all the needles for 30
minutes.
391
CASE ANALYSIS
A 31-year-old female patient presented with the main complaint of conjunctivitis for 2 days. The eye was
red and swollen, accompanied by severe tearing and photophobia. Other symptoms also included headache, poor
sleep, restlessness, bitter taste in the mouth, and a bloated abdomen. The tongue was red with a yellow coating and
the pulse was wiry and fast.
Diagnosis: Acute conjunctivitis due to Liver Fire
Treatment Principle: Subdue the Liver Fire and Reduce the swelling and pain.
Prescription: LI-14, LI-4, LV-3, GB-20, and Bloodletting on the tip of ear.
Treat the patient once daily for 3 treatments as course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun # 32 needles into LI-14 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 45-degree angle upward with twisting
reducing needle technique until the sensation of the pain is reduced. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 and LV-3
perpendicularly with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-20
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep towards the nose with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10
minutes. Apply bloodletting technique on the tip of ear (on the disease side only) and squeeze 3 drops of blood.
Result: After one treatment all symptoms were reduced. Three treatments cleared all the manifestations of pus and
other secretions.
EVALUATION
Treatment of acute conjunctivitis with acupuncture is very successful and effective, especially when using
LI-14 and bloodletting as the main points in the treatment. During the treatment period and the time in between, the
patient should try to keep his or her eyes clean and avoid strong light stimulation. Usually without severe infections
and injury to the eye, the disease should clear up within a few initial treatments.
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Aphonia
393
APHONIA
Aphonia is a disorder that refers to sudden voice changes that make it difficult to speak or causes the patient
to loose their voice. The illness affects the patient’s speech by attacking the throat, larynx, and vocal fold. Also other
diseases, such as hysteria can commonly cause aphonia. TCM views it to be related to the over use of the patient’s
voice, External Pathogenic Invasion, or emotional stress. Lung Qi and Yin Deficiency can also cause aphonia
through disorder of the Qi movement in the throat, and stagnation of Phlegm in the throat and larynx region.
DIAGNOSIS
To help effectively treat this disorder, it is important to be able to make the correct diagnosis. There are two basic
types of syndromes that commonly cause this disorder. These syndromes are Excess Syndrome and Deficiency
Syndrome. Based on their separate and distinct set of symptoms it is easy to identify the two.
Excess Syndrome
External Invasion
Sudden loss of voice associated with itching and soreness in the throat and larynx, and nasal
discharge and congestion. The tongue is pale with a thin yellow coating and the pulse is floating and
fast.
Emotional stimulation
Sudden loss of voice associated with negative emotions, restlessness, tendency to anger, dizziness
and vertigo, headache, dry month, and stuffy sensation in the chest and hypochondriac region. The
tongue is red with a thin yellow coating and the pulse is wiry.
Deficiency Syndrome
Aphonia caused by other chronic problems and diseases that slowly and gradually developed, often
associated with sore throat, dry mouth, tidal fever, night sweating, dry cough, heart palpitations, and ringing
in the ear. The tongue is red without coating and the pulse is thin and fast.
Excess Syndrome
Treatment Principle: Open the Lung Qi and Release the stagnation.
Point Prescription: LU-10, LU-5, BL-10, LI-18, LV-3, HT-5, and GV-14.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LU-10, LV-3, and HT-5 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into LU-5 and LI-18 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-10
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-
14 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with rubbing technique (rub the needle count-clockwise) until the sensation of
the needle travels from the point.
Headache: GV-23 and LI-4.
Cough: CV-17 and BL-13.
Painful and stuffy sensation in the chest and hypochondriac regions: TW-6 and SP-4.
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Aphonia
Deficiency Syndrome
Treatment Principle: Reinforce Lung and Kidney Yin and Release the stagnation.
Point Prescription: KI-3, LU-9, BL-13, BL-23, KI-24, LU-1, BL-43, GV-12, and CV-6.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-43 obliquely, 0.3-0.5 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with twisting
reinforcing needle technique, and 1 cun #30 needles into BL-13 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with lifting and
thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23 and GV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun
deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-3 and LU-9 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and then 1 cun #30 needles into KI-24 and LU-1 perpendicularly, 0.3-0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-6 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting
Night sweating: KI-6 and HT-6.
Hot flushes: GV-4.
Dry cough: LU-5.
Ear Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Lung, Throat, Neck, Trachea, Large Intestine, and Kidney.
Select 3 points in each treatment with 0.5 cun #32 ear needles, insert the needles obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a
60-degree angle with fast twisting needle technique. Repeat the process every 5 minutes during 40 minutes
of needle retention. Or apply press-balls after regular body acupuncture treatment.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Middle line of the forehead, Lateral line 1 of the forehead, and Middle line of the vertex.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into Middle line of forehead and Lateral line 1 of forehead transversely, 1 cun
deep downwards towards the face with fast twisting needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into
middle line of vertex transversely, 1.2 cun deep at a 30-degree angle backwards (GV-19 direction) with
lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Repeat this process every 10 minutes during 30 minutes
needle retaining time.

Treatment lines: Upper 1, Upper 3, Lower 1, and Lower 3.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these lines transversely, 1.2 cun deep at a 15-degree angle without doing any
needle technique and avoid any sensation of the needle. Retain all needles for 40 minutes.
395
Gua Sha
Treatment areas: Upper back, Neck, and Arm.
Apply medium level stimulation of Gua Sha on the upper back from GV-14 to GV-5, and from BL-11 to
BL-18 until Sha appears. Apply weak stimulation on the neck near ST-9 until red marks appear. Apply
medium stimulation on the arms near the PC-3 area until the dark red color appears.
Nose Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Lung, Liver, Kidney, and Heart.
Bloodletting
Treatment point: LU-11, LI-1, and ST-45.
Apply bloodletting technique on these points and squeeze 1 to 2 drops of blood from each point, to treat
loss of voice in Excess Syndrome.
For loss of voice due to stagnation of Qi: LI-18, Jing-well, and Yu Ye. (Ling Shu Han Ren)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LI-18 perpendicularly, 0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique. Apply bloodletting technique on the Jing-well and Yu Ye, making 2-3 drops of blood.
Treat once only during the acute time.
For loss voice due to deficiency of Qi: ST-10, ST-9, CV-23, LI-18, PC-5, LI-4, LI-2, ST-6, and SP-6. (Zhong Guo Zhen Jiu)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into ST-10, ST-9, and LI-18 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-23 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 60-degree angle towards
the root of the tongue with twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into LI-4
and LI-2 with twisting even movement needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into PC-5, ST-6, and SP-6
perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For Aphonia due to Wind-Cold: ST-9, ST-10, LI-4, and ST-40. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into ST-9 and ST-10 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique until the sensation of the needle travels into the larynx area. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into
LI-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into
ST-40 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For Aphonia due to stagnation of Qi: GV-15, GB-20, LU-5, and LV-3. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-15 and GB-20 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles
into LU-5 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into
LV-3 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 15 minutes.
396
Aphonia
For Aphonia due to stagnation of Heat and Phlegm: CV-22, CV-23, LI-11, SP-9, and Zhen Ying. (Zhong Guo Zhen Jiu)
Zhen Ying is an extra point 1 cun bilateral from CV-23.
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-22 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 60-degree angle in front of the trachea
downwards with twisting even movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-23 and Zhen
Ying perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into
LI-11 and SP-9 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
For Aphonia due to Lung Yin Deficiency: LI-17, LU-10, KI-6, ST-36, LV-3, and ST-9. (Zhen Jiu Da Chuan)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-17 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with vibrating technique after getting the
sensation of the Qi, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-9 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LU-10, LV-3, and KI-6 with twisting even
movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #34 needles into ST-36 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For Aphonia due to stagnation of Heat-Phlegm: BL-3, GV-24, ST-10, LI-11, and HT-5. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-3 and GV-24 transversely, 0.5-0.8 cun deep at a 30-degree angle towards
the BL-2 direction with fast twisting needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into ST-10 perpendicularly,
0.5-0.8 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-11
perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #34 needles
into HT-5 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 46 year-old male singer presented with the main complaint of aphonia for over 3 days due to frequent
singing. Associated signs were restlessness, tendency to anger, and stuffy sensation in the chest and upper epigastria
region. The tongue was swollen with a white greasy coating and the pulse was wiry and floating. The E.N.T
examination showed a swollen vocal fold.
Diagnosis: Aphonia due to stagnation of Qi and Phlegm.
Treatment Principle: Regulate the Qi and Resolve Phlegm.
Point Prescription: CV-23, ST-9, ST-40, and LU-5.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-23 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 60-degree angle towards the direction of
the root of the tongue with twisting even movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-9
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-40 and
LU-5 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
The patient was advised to take a rest from singing and avoid stimulating foods during the course of treatment.
Result: The symptoms were improved after 1 treatment; all symptoms were resolved after 5 treatments and the
patient was able to return to his singing.
397
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion can be very effective for treating of aphonia, particularly for patients
suffering from functional aphonia or overuse due to their occupation, such as a teacher or a singer. Acupuncture and
moxibustion can get rid of edema and congestion in the voice box by regulating the body’s functions as a whole.
The patient should rest during the course of acupuncture treatment and also a correct examination by an E.N.T.
doctor is important to avoid some severe diseases such as cancer or permanent injury of larynx nerves.
398
Deafness
399
DEAFNESS
Deafness is a symptom that affects the ear. Although this may be caused by many different reasons in
Western Medicine such as infections or trauma to the ear, it is viewed and treated very differently in TCM. Generally
in TCM this symptom is considered to be associated with Qi stagnation in the Shao Yang meridian that is caused by
Liver and Gallbladder Fire rising up, severe emotional changes such as: sudden anger, severe anxiety, and fear. In
some cases it is due to Heat Phlegm rising and stagnating in the ear, or Kidney Jing Deficiency, which interferes with
the Kidney’s ability to nourish the ear. In terms of diagnosis, the illness is seen under three different patterns.
Exterior Causes
Sudden loud voice or noise can stagnate the Qi movement in the meridians near the ear, causing Blood
Stagnation and deafness.
Liver and Gallbladder Fire

Severe emotional stimulation, such as sudden and severe anger, fearfulness, and fright will obstruct the Shao
Yang meridian Qi causing deafness.
Phlegm Stagnation
Upward flow of Dampness due to stagnation of Qi or deficiency of the Spleen stagnates the Qi in the
meridians close to the ear, causing deafness.
Kidney Jing Deficiency

The Kidney Jing (Essence) is unable to reach the ear, failing to nourish the ear causing deafness. Most of the
time this type occurs in seniors when they have Kidney deficient body constitutions.
DIAGNOSIS
Excess Syndrome
Symptoms include sudden deafness due to disease, a feeling of stiffness and distension in the ear, sometimes
occurring with a loud sound.
In the case of Excess Fire of Liver and Gallbladder, associated signs are red complexion, dry month,
restlessness, ease to anger, red tongue with a thin yellow coating, and a wiry pulse.
In the accumulation of the Phlegm-Heat, the associated signs are a stuffy sensation in the chest with more
phlegm, a swollen tongue with a greasy coating, and a slippery and fast pulse.
Deficiency Syndrome
Deafness caused by chronic diseases, with intermittent light or low pitch sound that is aggravated by fatigue
and reduced by pressure. Associated signs are dizziness, sore and weak sensations in the low-back and
knees. The tongue is red or pale with less coating or a white coating. The pulse is weak.
400
Deafness
Excess Syndrome
Treatment Principle: Clear Liver Fire and Resolve the Phlegm.
Point Prescription: SI-19, TW-17, TW-3, and GB-43.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into the diseased side of TW-17 obliquely, 1.2 cun deep following the direction
of the ear canal with twisting even movement needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into the diseased side of
SI-19 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into
TW-3 and GB-43 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique.
Stagnation of Heat-Phlegm: ST-40 and PC-8.
Headache: GV-20 and GB-20.
Deficiency Syndrome
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Kidney Jing and Regulate the Qi.
Point Prescription: TW-17, SI-19, BL-23, CV-4, and KI-3.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into TW-17 and SI-19 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique. Apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 2 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-3
perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply indirect moxibustion with Fu Zi
(aconite) cake on CV-4 for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting
and thrusting reinforcing needle technique, retain needles for 10 minutes.
Kidney Deficiency: GB-42 and ST-36.
Dizziness and vertigo: GV-4 and BL-43.
Ear Acupuncture
Point Prescription: Shen Men, Sympathetic, Liver, Kidney, Heart, Brain, Sub cortex, and Occipital.
Select 3 to 4 points during each treatment. Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles at 45-degree angle with ear using
fast twisting technique. Retain all needles for 40 minutes. Or apply press-ball on the points and retain them
for 3 to 5 days.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Anterior oblique line and Posterior oblique line of the temple, Middle line of the
forehead, Middle line of the vertex.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needle into these treatment lines transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with fast
401
Moxibustion
(Deficient Type Tinnitus and Deafness)
Direct moxibustion: GV-4, BL-23, SP-3, and CV-4.
Use direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-4 and BL-23 for 11 cones, and on SP-3 and CV-4 for
7 cones.
Indirect moxibustion: CV-4, BL-52, BL-43, and GV-7.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on BL-52, BL-43, and GV-7 for 3 cones. Next apply
indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-4 for 5 cones.
Moxa pole: SI-19, ST-7, TW-17, GV-20, and GB-20.
Apply moxa-pole on each of these points for 10 minutes.
Gua Sha
Treatment area: Neck, Back, and Abdomen.
Apply medium level stimulation of Gua Sha on the neck along the BL and GV meridians from GV-16 to
GV-12, and BL-10 to BL-12 until red marks appear.
Apply medium stimulation of Gua Sha on the back along the BL and GV meridians from GV-7 to GV-4,
and BL-17 to BL-23 until red or purple spots appear.
Electro-acupuncture
Point Prescription: SI-19, TW-17, TW-19, and GB-12.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SI-19 and TW-17 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep along the ear canal with
twisting even movement needle technique, and apply electro-acupuncture with irregular waves, the negative
side on TW-17. Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into TW-19 obliquely, 0.7 cun deep backwards with twisting
reducing needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GB-12 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting
reinforcing needle technique, applying electric stimulation with irregular waves, the negative side on GB-12.
Cupping
Treatment area: GV-14, BL-42, BL-20, BL-23, CV-8, and CV-17.
Apply fire cups on GV-14, BL-42, BL-20, and BL-23 for 5 minutes. Next apply fire cups on CV-8 and CV-
17 for 2 minutes.
402
Deafness
For congenital deafness: TW-21, TW-17, GV-15, TW-3, TW-5, LI-11, and GV-20. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert a 2 cun #32 needle into TW-21 (disease side only or bilateral if deafness involved two ears) obliquely,
1.5 cun deep at a 45-degree angle towards GB-2 with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun
#32 needle into TW-17 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep along the ear canal with twisting reducing needle
technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-15 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep towards CV-23 direction
with twisting even movement needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into TW-3, TW-5, and LI-11 with
twisting even movement needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-20 transversely, 1 cun deep
at a 30-degree angle towards GV-19 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
For deafness due to traumatic injury: SI-19, GV-14, ST-36, and BL-23. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into SI-19 (disease side only) obliquely, 1.2 cun deep towards GB-2 at a 75-
degree angle with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GV-14
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique until the sensation of the needle
travels up. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 and BL-23 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For deafness due to drugs: Yi Ming, TW-21, TW-18, TW-9, GB-20, and LI-4. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Yi Ming is an extra-point located 1 cun behind TW-17.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into Yi Ming perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into TW-21 obliquely, 1.2 cun deep towards GB-2 at a 75-degree angle
with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into TW-18, LI-4, and TW-9
perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep wither twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into
GB-20 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep towards CV-24 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
For deafness due to otitis media: TW-17, GB-2, ST-7, LI-11, ST-36, and SP-6. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into TW-17 (disease side) perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into GB-2 obliquely, 1 cun deep towards TW-21 at a
75-degree angle with twisting even movement needle technique. Apply moxa wool on the handle of needles
for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-7, LI-11, ST-36, and SP-6 with twisting reducing needle
For deafness due to infectious diseases: TW-21, TW-20, GV-20, TW-5, and Tai Yang. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-21 obliquely, 1.2 cun deep towards GB-2 at a 75-degree angle with
twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into TW-20 transversely, 0.7 cun deep towards
TW-19 direction with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-20
transversely, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into
Tai Yang obliquely, 1.2 cun deep towards ST-7 direction with twisting even movement needle technique.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into TW-5 with twisting reducing needle technique.
403
For acute deafness: TW-9 and TW-16. (Yi Xue Gang Mu)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-9 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into TW-16 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing
For deafness due to infectious diseases: SI-19, TW-17, GB-42, ST-36, and TW-14. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SI-19 and TW-17 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into GB-42 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 and TW-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep
with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
For deafness with deficiency of the Kidney: SI-19, BL-23, SI-5, TW-17, and TW-4. (Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on TW-17 and BL-23 for 11 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into
SI-19 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into SI-
5 and TW-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 60 year-old male patient presented with the main complaint of deafness for 10 years, with need of a
hearing aid. Recently the hearing aid was not helpful and he began to hear a loud sound in the interior of his ears day
and night. Associated signs were dizziness and poor sleep. The tongue was red with a yellow coating and the pulse
was wiry.
Diagnosis: Deafness due to deficiency of the Kidney. (Nervous deafness)
Treatment Principle: Dredge the Triple Warmer Meridian Qi, Reinforce the Kidney Qi, and Clear Heat.
Point Prescription: TW-21, TW-17, LI-4, GB-42, ST-36, BL-23, and GV-4.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-21 obliquely, 1.2 cun deep towards GB-2 at a 75-degree angle with
twisting reducing needle technique until the sensation of the needle travels to the interior of the ear. Insert 1.5 cun
#32 needles into TW-17 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep following the direction of the ear canal with twisting even
movement needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 and GB-42 perpendicularly with twisting reducing
needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23, ST-36, and GV-4 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Result: The loud sound was greatly reduced after one course treatment and he began to hear well after 3 courses of
treatment.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion is helpful for treating nervous deafness and deafness caused by other
functional problems. However, it is not effective for treating organic deafness, meaning deafness with perforation of
the tympanic membrane, or other interior ear structure damage. During the treatment, the depth of the needle is
very important, especially the local points, such as SI-19, TW-21, and TW-17. These points need over 1 cun deep
insertion and the acupuncturist must lead the sensation of the needle to travel to the interior of the ear, otherwise
the effects are minimal. Usually effects will be apparent after 10 treatments, but if after 20 treatments there is still no
effect, acupuncture will most likely not work well for this type of patient. Keeping good emotional balance and local
ear massage will also help during the course of acupuncture treatments.
404
Sinusitis
405
SINUSITIS
Sinusitis is called Bi Yuan in TCM, or Nao Lou—which means brain leaking. It describes symptoms of
inflammation and stagnation of the sinus passages. The side effects of this disorder may lead to impairment of daily
functions such as sleep, exercise, or concentration. Sinusitis manifestations may include rhinitis, nasal obstruction,
and nasosinusitis. Under the clinical diagnostics of TCM, there are usually two identifiable causes of sinusitis.
Wind Cold Invasion

Wind Cold External Pathogenic factors invade the Lung, stagnating the Lung Qi, and causing failure in
descention. This leads the ascending to turn to Heat rising up to the nasal cavity and passages.
Liver Gallbladder Heat

Interior Liver and Gallbladder Excess Heat with stagnation of Phlegm that rises up, stagnating in the Lung
and nose.
DIAGNOSIS
Wind Heat attacking the Lungs

Symptoms include a thick, yellowish, foul-smelling nasal discharge, reduced olfaction, dull frontal headache,
fever, and aversion to cold, cough with yellowish sputum and a dry throat. The tongue tip is red with a
yellow coating and the pulse is fast and floating.
Damp Heat in the Spleen Meridian

Symptoms include a profuse amount of yellowish, thick nasal discharge, foul odor, reduced olfaction,
abdominal distention, and a heavy sensation in the head and whole body that is associated with poor
appetite, abdominal bloating, and yellowish or reddish colored urine. The tongue is red with a yellow greasy
coating and the pulse is fast and slippery.
Heat stagnated in the Liver and Gallbladder

Symptoms include a thick, yellowish, foul-smelling nasal discharge, loss of sense of smell, distending pain in
the head and hypochondriac region, bitter taste in the mouth, dry throat, tinnitus, and blurry vision. The
tongue is red with a yellow coating and the pulse is fast and wiry.
Spleen Qi Deficiency
Symptoms include a large amount of white or light yellow nasal discharge, and severe stuffy nose with
reduced olfaction. Associated signs are fatigue, lassitude, sallow complexion, poor appetite, bloating in the
abdomen, and loose stool. The tongue is pale with a thin white coating and the pulse is slow and weak.
Lung Qi Deficiency with Cold

Symptoms include a white nasal discharge, stuffy nose, symptoms aggravated by Cold or Wind, spontaneous
sweating, aversion to cold, shortness of breath, and fatigue. The tongue is pale with a thin white coating and
the pulse is weak.
406
Sinusitis
Wind Heat attacking the Lung

Treatment Principle: Expel the Wind Heat and Open the Lung Qi.
Point Prescription: LU-7, LI-4, LI-20, and Yin Tang
Technique: Use 1 cun #30 needles with twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Frontal headache: BL-2.
Damp Heat in the Spleen Meridian

Treatment Principle: Clear the Spleen, Reduce the Heat, and Resolve the Damp
Point Prescription: SP-9, LI-11, CV-9, LI-20, and Yin Tang.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-9, LI-11, and CV-9 perpendicularly with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique, and insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-20 and Yin Tang with twisting reducing needle technique.
Headache: LI-4 and GV-23.
Stagnation of Heat in the Liver and Gallbladder

Treatment Principle: Clear and Reduce the Liver and Gallbladder Fire.
Point Prescription: LV-3, GB-20, Yin Tang, GV-23, and LI-20.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-20 perpendicularly towards the nose 1.2 cun deep with twisting
reducing technique. Use 1 cun #32 needles for LV-3, Yin Tang, GV-23, and LI-20 with twisting reducing needle
Headache: GV-20, Tai Yang, and LI-4.
Hypochondriac pain: GB-34 and GB-42.
Spleen Qi Deficiency
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Spleen Qi and Move the Damp Stagnation.
Point Prescription: ST-36, SP-4, CV-12, GV-23, and LI-20.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 and CV-12 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with lifting and
thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Use moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32
needles into SP-4, GV-23, and LI-20 with twisting even needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Deficient Cold: Moxa on BL-20, BL-21, and GV-14.
Stuffy nose: Moxa on GV-23.
407
Lung Qi Deficiency with Cold

Treatment Principle: Warm the Lung Qi and Expel the Wind Cold
Point Prescription: GV-14, BL-11, BL-13, BL-43, LI-20, LU-9, and ST-36.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-14, BL-11, BL-13, and ST-36 with twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Retain the needles and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32
needles into LU-9 and LI-20 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. During the treatment warm BL-43 with a
moxa pole for 15 minutes.
Spontaneous sweating: CV-6 and LU-5.
Wind Cold: BL-10 and LU-7.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Nose, Lung, Forehead, and Adrenal gland.
Using 0.5 cun ear needles puncture the points obliquely with fast twisting technique until the ear gets warm.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Middle line of Vertex, and Lateral line 1 of Vertex.
Use 1.5 cun #30 needles for these two lines. Insert the needles obliquely towards the forehead with fast
twisting technique. Retain the needles for 30 minutes.
For large amounts of nasal discharge and stuffy nose: GV-26 and TW-16. (Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-16 perpendicularly, 1-1.2 cun deep with twisting even movement
technique. Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into GV-26 using twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For any type of sinusitis: (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Main points: GV-23 and GV-16.
Supplemental points: LI-19, GB-20, GV-26, GV-20, BL-12, and Bai Lao.
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-23 obliquely with the flow of the meridian to a depth of 0.8-1 cun
using twisting reducing needle technique. Insert a 1 cun #30 needle into GV-16 (note: the point opposite
the nose) with twisting reducing needle technique. Then insert 1 cun #30 needles into LI-19, GV-26, and
GV-20 with twisting even movement technique and insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-20, BL-12, and Bai
Lao using twisting reinforcing technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Treat once every other day for 7-10 treatments as a course.
408
Sinusitis
For sinusitis due to Wind-Heat Invasion: GV-23, BL-4, LI-4, BL-12, and Yin Tang. (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LI-4 (or painful point between LI-3 and LI-4) perpendicularly to a depth of
0.5 cun with twisting reinforcing needle technique after the patient feels the Qi sensation. Then insert 1 cun
#30 needles into GV-23, BL-4, BL-12, and Yin Tang using twisting even movement needle technique.
For chronic sinusitis: Moxibustion on GV-20. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Use direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-20 for 7-9 cones the size of a wheat seed for each treatment.
Alternately, use a moxa pole on GV-20 for 20 minutes each treatment.
For sinusitis by Wind-Heat Invasion stagnated in the Lung: GV-14 and GV-11. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-14 and GV-11perpendicularly to a 1-1.2 cun depth with lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain the needles for 20 minutes.
For chronic sinusitis: GV-23, LI-20, ST-40, and LU-5. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-23 backward at a 30-degree angle to the skin obliquely, 1 cun deep with
twisting, lifting, and thrusting even movement needle technique until a heat sensation produced under the
needle. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-40 and LU-5 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique
and 1 cun #34 needles into LI-20 obliquely through towards Bi Tong, 0.8 cun deep with twisting reducing
For sinusitis with headache: Tai Yang, GB-20, GB-12, GV-14, GV-17, Yin Tang, LI-4, and LV-3.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-20 and GB-12 perpendicular towards the direction of the chin, 1 cun
deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and a 1 cun #30 needle into GV-17 towards GV-
16 obliquely, 0.8 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into
GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with rubbing needle technique.
Then insert 1 cun #32 needles into Tai Yang perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique. Next, insert a 1 cun #32 needle into Yin Tang obliquely toward the nose, 0.8 cun deep with
twisting even movement needle technique. Finally, insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-3 and LI-4
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
409
CASE ANALYSIS
A 39-year-old male patient presented with a main complaint of sinusitis for 7 years. In the last 3 years the
symptoms had been getting worse. The patient could not breathe through his nose, had no olfaction, and
continuously had a thick, yellow nasal discharge. He went through three sinus surgeries but improvement only
lasted a few months and then symptoms became worse once again. Associated symptoms included a dull frontal
headache and shortness of breath. The tongue was pale with a white coating and the pulse was weak.
Diagnosis: Sinusitis due to Lung Qi Deficiency.
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Qi and Move stagnant Qi.
Point Prescription: LU-9, LI-4, and LI-20.
Technique: For all points use a 1 cun #32 needle with twisting reinforcing needle technique until the patient feels the
Qi. Apply the same technique for needle manipulation every 5 minutes during the entire 30-minute needle retention
time.
Result: The patient improved after 5 treatments, the symptoms completely resolving after 8 treatments. Another 2
treatments were performed to secure the results.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion is very effective for treating both acute and chronic sinusitis. Moxibustion is
more effective for chronic disease and acupuncture excels for an acute problem. Although correct diagnosis is the
key to treatment success, proper needle technique is also very important to attain positive results. But acupuncture
and moxibustion is only a supplemental therapy for treating sinusitis after surgery. Other factors such as the loss of
olfactory nerves and nasal infections may also require direct and immediate attention.
410
Sore Throat
411
SORE THROAT
Sore throats can occur in anyone under different conditions. The nature of this topic of discussion is not so
much a disorder or a disease than a symptom. In TCM, a sore throat is caused either by an External Wind
Pathogenic Influence or an Internal Yin, Qi, or Blood Deficiency. Some western medical diseases with the symptom
of sore throat include viral or bacterial infections, acute and chronic tonsillitis, or acute and chronic pharyngitis.
Wind Heat Invasion

Wind-Heat can invade the Lungs, with the Heat directly burning the Lung Yin, causing a sore throat.
Stomach Heat
Usually, this is due to long-term intake of hot and spicy or greasy foods, or excessive alcohol intake.
Stagnation of food turns to Heat, which rises and burns the fluid in the Lung, causing a sore throat.

Yin liquid fails to rise and nourish the Lung and Heart. At the same time, Interior Deficient Fire rises and
burns the Lung, causing a sore throat.
DIAGNOSIS
Wind Heat
Symptoms include a reddish, painful, and swollen throat, fever, aversion to cold, tonsils that are red and
swollen or coated with yellow-white pus, a cough with thick phlegm and dysphasia due to the sensation of
something being stuck in the throat. The tongue is red with a white coating and the pulse is floating and
fast.
Excessive Heat
Symptoms include a severe sore throat causing dysphasia, a high fever, thirst, constipation, and dark red
urine. The palatal tonsils are red, swollen, and covered with a yellow-white phylogenic membrane that can
be easily wiped off. The sub maxillary lymph nodes are enlarged and accompanied by ozostomia. The
tongue is red with a thick yellow, sticky coating and the pulse is full and rapid.
Deficiency Heat
This condition is due to a Yin Deficiency of the Kidney, Lung, or other organs. Clinical manifestations
include a slightly sore throat with a burning heat sensation and a greater feeling of swelling than pain, a
foreign body sensation in the throat, dry mouth and lips, a malar flush, five-hearts heat, itchiness in the
throat, and a cough with little sputum. The tongue is red without a coating, and the pulse is thin and fast.
412
Sore Throat

Wind Heat
Treatment Principle: Expel the Wind and Clear the throat.
Point Prescription: LU-5, LU-11, LI-4, and LI-11.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11, LI-4, and LU-5 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique. Then, use a bloodletting needle to pierce LU-11 to clear the Lung heat.
Hoarseness of voice: LU-7 and LI-18.
Excessive Heat
Treatment Principle: Clear the Heat from the Stomach and Lung, and Resolve the sore throat.
Point Prescription: LI-1, ST-44, CV-22, and ST-40.
The treatment is once daily for 3 treatments as a course.
Technique: Begin by bloodletting LI-1 and ST-44 to clear the Yang Ming Heat. Then, insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into
ST-40 and CV-22 with a reducing, twisting needle technique. Retain the needles for 20 minutes.
Constipation: ST-37
Deficiency Heat
Treatment Principle: Nourish the Yin, Subdue the Fire, and Clear the throat.
Point Prescription: KI-3, KI-6, and LU-10.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-3, KI-6, and LU-10 with a reinforcing twisting needle technique.
Treat once every other day for 5 to 7 treatments as a course.
Dry throat: CV-23.
Five hearts heat: HT-8 and KI-2.
Ear Acupuncture
For a Wind-Heat or Excessive Heat type of sore throat
Points: Throat, tonsil, and helix 1-6.
Use 0.5 cun ear needles for all points. Insert the needles obliquely at a 60-degree angle to the skin,
with medium or strong twisting stimulation for 2 to 3 minutes. Retain all the needles for 1 hour.
413
Scalp Acupuncture
For Wind-Heat or Excessive Heat type of sore throat
Treatment zones: Middle line of the forehead, Lateral line 1 of the forehead, Upper Middle line of
the occipital
Use 1 cun #30 needles for all points. Insert the needles transversely at a 30-degree angle to the skin
with a fast twisting needle technique for 2 to 3 minutes. Retain the needles for 1 hour.
Hand Acupuncture
(For any type of sore throat)
Points: Head and Throat.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles or intradermal needles into these points with a twisting even movement
For an acute sore throat: (Author’s Clinical Experience based on the Zhen Jiu Chu Fan Da Quan)
Ear Acupuncture: Three special points on the helix (see diagram) for sore throat.
If the sore throat is unilateral, treat the ear on the affected side only. If the sore throat is bilateral, use points on both ears.
Use 0.5 cun #32 needles for all three points. Insert the needles obliquely, 0.2 to 0.3 cun deep with a fast
twisting needle technique until the patient feels numbness or a hot sensation in the ear.
Retain the needles for 1 hour.
For stagnation or the sensation of a foreign body in the throat:
GB-12, SI-17, St.11, LI-17, LU-5, LI-4, LI-1, LI-3, LI-5, TW-3, SP-4, KI-2, and GB-38.
(Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing)
For each treatment, select 4 to 5 points depending on the symptoms. Insert the needles with an even
movement technique, and retain for 30 minutes. Also, choose 1 point on the end of the extremities to
perform bloodletting.
For Kidney Yin Deficiency sore throat: KI-1 and KI-2. (Qian Jing Yao Fang)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-1 and KI-2 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
For acute tonsillitis: LI-4, LU-11, and Ah shi points below the thumb nail—3 points in line. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert a 1 cun #30 needle into LI-4 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Then perform blood letting
on LU-11 and the Ah shi point using a three-edge needle. Retain the needle on LI-4 for 20 minutes.
For a one-sided sore throat: LU-11, LI-4, and CV-23. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-4 and CV-23 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
Retain the needles for 20 minutes. Follow this with bloodletting LU-11.
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Sore Throat
For Excessive Heat and Wind-Heat types of sore throat: LI-5, SI-8, and TW-3. (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion for 7 cones each on all points.
For a sore throat due to Excessive Heat: LI-4, ST-44, and LI-11. (Xin Yi Liao Fa Shou Ce)
Perform a bloodletting technique on ST-44. Then, insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-4 and LI-11 with a
lifting the thrusting reducing needle technique, and retain the needles for 30 minutes.
For a sore throat due to Excessive Heat: GB-20, BL-9, BL-11, LU-5, LU-11, and LI-1. (Zhen Jiu Xue)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-20, BL-9, BL-11, and LU-5 with a strong twisting needle technique.
Retain the needles for 30 minutes. Use bloodletting needles for LU-11 and LI-1 and extract 1 to 2 drops of
blood.
For a sore throat with difficulty speaking (dysphonia): LI-10, LI-6, LI-11, TW-3, and ST-40. (Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-10, LI-11, LI-6, and ST-40 with a twisting reducing needle technique.
Next, insert a 1 cun #32 needle into TW-3 with a twisting even movement technique.
For a sore throat with a stagnant sensation: HT-7, LI-4, and GB-20. (Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GB-20 perpendicularly towards the nose to a depth of 1 to 1.2 cun. Apply
the “rubbing needle” technique- rub the needle clockwise until a tight sensation of the needle is felt. At this
point stop rubbing and hold the handle of the needle tightly for 1 minute then release. Next, insert 1 cun
#32 needles into HT-7 and LI-4 with a twisting reducing needle technique.
For a sore throat with Exterior or Interior Heat: SI-17, ST-11, BL-11, BL-17, LU-2, LU-5, LI-2, ST-45, KI-1, and KI-2.
(Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing)
For each treatment, select 3 to 5 points according to the symptoms of the patient. Use 1 cun #30 needles
with a twisting reducing needle technique, and retain all needles for 30 minutes.
For a sore throat with Exterior or Interior Heat: LI-4, KI-1, CV-22, and ST-40. (Zhen Jiu Ju Ying)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-40, CV-22, and LI-4 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique. Next, insert a 1 cun #32 needle into KI-1 with a twisting even movement technique.
Treat once every day for 3 to 4 treatments as a course.
For a sore throat with a fever and aversion to cold:
BL-9, CV-23, CV-22, SI-5, LI-4, SI-3, LI-3, LU-11, TW-1, ST-36, ST-40, SP-6, and LV-3 (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Select 4 to 5 points for each treatment, according to the patient’s symptoms. Use 1 cun #32 needles for
most of the points with a twisting reducing needle technique. Apply a bloodletting technique to LU-11 and
TW-1. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
For bilateral tonsillitis: LU-11, Jing Jing, and Yu Ye. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Apply a bloodletting technique on all points using a three-edge needle.
415
For unilateral tonsillitis: LU-11, LI-4, and KI-5. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LI-4 and KI-5 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain the
needles for 30 minutes. Next, use a bloodletting technique on LU-11.
For a Yin deficiency sore throat which is aggravated at night: KI-3, KI-6, and LU-10. (Zhong Guo Zhen Jiu Chu Fan Xue)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into all points perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
Dry throat: TW-2.
Severe pain in the throat: LU-11. (Bloodletting technique)
For sore throat: LU-10 and TW-2. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LU-10 and TW-2 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique for 1 minute. Stimulate the needles every 5 minutes during 30 minutes of needle retention.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 26 year-old male patient entered the clinic and presented with a main complaint of a sore throat for 3
days. The throat felt painful and swollen and was associated with a fever, aversion to cold, a cough with thick
phlegm, and constipation. Upon observation, the palatal tonsils appear red and swollen with yellow-white dots of
pus on them. The patient also feels a stagnant sensation in the throat that is causing dysphasia. The tongue is red
with a yellow coating, and the pulse is floating and fast.
Diagnosis: Sore throat due to Wind-Heat Invasion.
Treatment Principle: Expel the Wind-Heat and Clear the throat.
Point Prescription: LU-11, LU-5, LI-4, ST-43, and TW-1.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LU-5, LI-4, and ST-43 with a reducing twisting needle technique. Repeat
the needle technique every 10 minutes during the 30 minutes of needle retention. Next, apply a bloodletting
technique to LU-11 and TW-1 using a three-edge needle.
Result: The fever and swelling in the throat was reduced greatly after two treatments. All symptoms were resolved
after 3 treatments.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective in treating sore throat caused by either Excess or
Deficiency. However, due to the broad range of causes that may lead to sore throat, the diagnosis is crucial in
treatment. Anything from slight weather shifts or severe respiratory infections may all lead to sore throat. The needle
technique greatly influences the results of the treatment. Correct diagnosis is also important before treatment occurs
because acupuncture may mask the sore throat symptoms of serious illnesses such as cancer.
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Sty—Hordeolum
417
STY—Hordeolum
A sty or hordeolum, is an inflamed swelling of a skin gland on the edge of an eyelid. This inflamed swelling
can be very irritating to a patient due to symptoms of pain, itchiness, and irritation. This type of inflammation in
TCM, is considered to be an Excess condition involving either Wind-Heat or Damp-Heat.
Wind-Heat Invasion
Wind-Heat invades the eyelid and the blood circulation is stagnated within the meridians that surround the
eyes, causing pain and a burning sensation.
Damp-Heat
Excessive eating of hot, spicy, or greasy foods impact the Spleen and Stomach functions. Dampness
accumulates and turns to Heat, which travels up to the eyes and causes pain and burning.
DIAGNOSIS
Wind-Heat Invasion
Manifestations include slight redness of the eyelid, various levels of pain, severe swelling and indurations of
the affected area. There may also be itching and an uncomfortable sensation of there being a foreign object
in the eyelid. The tongue is red with a thin white coating, and the pulse is floating and rapid.
Damp-Heat in the Spleen and Stomach

This type of Stye develops more rapidly with redness and a burning sensation in the eyelid. There is
distending pain and swelling with larger indurations present. The tongue is red with a yellow greasy coating
and the pulse is rapid and slippery.
Wind-Heat Invasion
Treatment Principle: Clear the Heat and Expel the Wind and Damp.
Point Prescription: BL-1, BL-2, LV-2, and Tai Yang.
Treat once daily for 3 to 5 days.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles perpendicularly in BL-1 and obliquely in BL-2 towards BL-1. Apply a twisting
reducing needle technique. Use 1 cun #30 needles for LV-2 and Tai Yang with a lifting and thrusting reducing
method. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Headache: GB-20.
Aversion to cold: TW-5.
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Sty—Hordeolum
Damp-Heat in the Spleen and Stomach

Treatment Principle: Clear the Heat and Resolve the Damp.
Point Prescription: LI-4, ST-1, ST-2, and SP-9.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into ST-1 and ST-2 with a twisting reducing needle technique.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-4 and SP-9 with a lifting and thrusting reducing method.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Eye, Liver, Spleen, and the Superior Tip of the ear.
Insert 0.5 cun ear needles obliquely at a 60-degree angle to the skin using a fast twisting needle technique.
Using a lancet, extract 1 to 3 drops of blood from the tip of the top of the ear, folded forward.
Additionally, perform bloodletting at a tiny vein bulge on the back of the ear, if it is present.
Cupping
Treatment area: GV-14.
Perform bloodletting on GV-14, and place fire cups on the pricked area for 3 minutes.
Treat once daily for 2 days.
Pricking Therapy
Treatment area: Scapular area.
Locate a sesame size, pink colored area on the scapular region contra lateral to the diseased eye (the left
scapula treats the right eye). Prick the area once every day for 2 treatments as a course.
Plum Blossom
Points: Yu Yao, ST-1, ST-2, Qiu Hou, and Tai Yang.
Use a plum blossom needle with weak stimulation on Yu Yao, ST-1, ST-2, Qiu Hou, and Tai Yang on the
affected side, drawing a small amount of blood on Tai Yang.
419
For a Stye with pain and a burning sensation: Ah Shi points on the upper back. (Zhen Jiu Ju Ying)
To reduce the heat in the Tai Yang meridian, let out blood on any tiny red spots on the upper back.
For a Stye with more itching then pain: TW-10 and LI-4. (Zhen Jiu Yan Jiu Jing Zhan)
Select TW-10 on the healthy side and LI-4 on the diseased side. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into both points
with a reducing lifting and thrusting technique. Retain the needles for 30 minutes.
For the beginning stages of a Stye: Tai Yang. (Zhen Jiu Yan Jiu Jing Zhan)
Use bloodletting and release 2 to 3 drops of blood from Tai Yang on the side of the diseased eye.
For a Stye with pain and a burning sensation: Ah Shi points for the Stye. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Inspect both sides of the upper back from T-7 to T-12, looking for dark red or red colored spots. Usually,
3 to 5 red spots are apparent. Using a three-edged needle, prick the spots and squeeze out blood until no
more exudes (possibly 1-2 drops will come out).
CASE ANALYSIS
A 24 year-old male patient presented in the clinic with the main complaint of a sty for 1 day. The inner
canthus was red and swollen. He also had a fever, red eyes, itching and pain in the local area, and increased tearing
of the eyes. The tip of the tongue was red with a white thin coating and the pulse was floating and fast.
Diagnosis: Stye due to a Wind-Heat Invasion
Treatment Principle: Expel the Wind-Heat.
Point Prescription: LI-4, TW-8, and a bloodletting technique on the tip of ear.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-4 on the diseased side and into TW-8 on the healthy side with a lifting
and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain the needles for 30 minutes. Use a three-edge needle to extract 2
drops of blood from the tip of the ear on the diseased side.
Result: After one treatment, the pain and itching was gone and the burning sensation was reduced. All symptoms
were resolved after the second treatment.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture is very effective for treating Stye infections within 2 or 3 treatments. Usually under the correct
diagnosis and treatment the Stye will reduce in size and disappear within the first two initial weeks. However, due to
the infectious nature of this problem, it is very important to inform the patient to be careful of spreading infection
and breakage of the swelling. Good hygiene behaviors should be adapted and followed during treatment. Also in
most cases, bloodletting produces better results than regular needle therapy, without any side effects.
420
Tinnitus
421
TINNITUS
Tinnitus is defined as the perception of sound or audio sensations when the environment has no sound.
The audio stimulations are usually described as a buzzing, ringing, or a beating tone that is low enough be mistaken
yet loud enough to be constantly noticed. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, tinnitus is generally considered to be
associated with Qi Stagnation in the Shao Yang meridian or with Kidney Jing deficiency failing to nourish the ear.
Stagnation may be caused by Liver and Gallbladder Fire rising up due to severe emotional changes, and may also
manifest with a phlegm component. High pitch tinnitus usually appears in deficiency cases in TCM and is related to
nervous tinnitus in western medical designations. Low pitch tinnitus often appears in excess cases in TCM and is
related to western medicine’s conduction tinnitus.
DIAGNOSIS
EXCESS SYNDROMES
Wind Heat attacks the Lung
Symptoms include a low pitch tinnitus, a reduction in hearing, distention and a stuffy sensation in the ear, a
stuffy or runny nose, and cough. The tongue is red with a thin yellow coating and the pulse is floating and
fast.
Liver Fire
Manifestations include an acute onset of loud, thunderous tinnitus associated with dizziness and vertigo,
restlessness, distention and achy sensations in the chest and hypochondriac regions, red complexion, red
eyes, bitter taste in the mouth, dry throat, constipation, and scanty, yellowish urine. The tongue is red with a
yellow coating and the pulse is fast and wiry.
Liver Yang Rising

Manifestations include tinnitus with a pulsing quality, hearing difficulty, dizziness and blurry vision, red
complexion and eyes, weakness and soreness of the low-back and both knees, sore and dry throat, insomnia,
and poor memory. The tongue is red with less or no coating and the pulse is thin and fast.
Phlegm and Damp stagnation in the Middle Warmer

Manifestations include high pitch tinnitus with a blocked sensation in the ear, heaviness sensation in the
head and whole body, bloating and distention in the epigastrium and abdomen, poor appetite, loose stool,
lassitude, and cough with phlegm. The tongue body is pale and swollen with a white greasy coating. The
pulse is slippery.
Stagnation of Heat and Phlegm

Manifestations include a loud, low pitch tinnitus, a stuffy sensation in the ear, difficulty hearing, a dull heavy
headache, fullness and stuffiness in the chest and epigastrium, cough with yellow sputum, dizziness and
nausea or vomiting of phlegm. The tongue is red with a yellow greasy coating and the pulse is wiry and
slippery.

Manifestations include loud, high pitch tinnitus, pain and distention in the ear, reduced hearing, headache,
dizziness, fullness and distention sensation in the chest and hypochondriac regions, restlessness, and ease to
anger. The tongue is purple with black dots and the pulse is wiry or choppy.
422
Tinnitus
Deficiency of both Heart and Spleen
Symptoms include a stuffiness in the ear with a high pitch tinnitus that is aggravated when fatigued,
shortness of breath, no desire to speak, heart palpitations, poor appetite, loose stool, and lassitude. The
tongue is pale with a white thin coating and the pulse is thin and deep.

Symptoms include a continuous high pitch tinnitus aggravated by fatigue, heart palpitations, insomnia with
excessive dreaming, and a pale complexion. The tongue is pale with a thin white coating. The pulse is weak.

Symptoms include a chronic, continuous high pitch tinnitus, dizziness, blurry vision, weakness and soreness
of the low back and knees, insomnia or dream-disturbed sleep, and irregular menstruation. The tongue is
red without coating and the pulse is thin and fast.

Symptoms include a mild, high pitch tinnitus with stuffiness in the ear, reduced hearing, cold sensation on
the whole body and four extremities, edema on the face and legs, impotence, and dribbling of urine. The
tongue is pale and swollen with a wet white coating and the pulse is thin and deep.
Disharmony between Heart and Kidney

Symptoms include a constant high pitch tinnitus worse at night, reduced hearing, insomnia, poor memory,
heart palpitation, weakness and soreness of the low back and knees, hot flushes, and night sweats. The
tongue is red without coating and the pulse is thin and fast.
Excess Syndrome
Treatment Principle: Clear the Liver Fire and Resolve the Phlegm.
Point Prescription: TW-17, GB-2, TW-3, and GB-43.
The treatment is once every other day for 7 to 10 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-17 and GB-2 perpendicularly along the ear canal 1 to 1.2 cun deep
with twisting even movement technique. Next insert 1 cun #32 needles into TW-3 and GB-43 with reducing needle
Phlegm Heat Stagnation: ST-40 and PC-8.
Wind Heat OPI: LI-11, LU-7, and BL-13.
Blood Stasis: SP-10, SP-6, and BL-17.
Qi Stagnation: LU-5, TW-6, and LV-3.
423
Deficiency Syndrome
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Kidney Essence
Point Prescription: SI-19, TW-17, BL-23, CV-4, and KI-3.
Technique: Reinforcing needle technique and moxibustion
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into SI-19 and TW-17 perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep with reinforcing twisting needle
technique and with moxa wool on the needle handles for 3 to 5 cones. Next insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-23,
CV-4, and KI-3 with twisting reinforcing needle technique and moxa wool on the needle handles for 3 cones.
Qi Deficiency: CV-6, ST-36, and BL-24.
Poor sleep: HT-7 and GV-20.
Poor digestion: LI-4, ST-36, and CV-12.
Night sweating: HT-6 and KI-6.
Dizziness and vertigo: GV-20 and BL-20.
Blood Deficiency: SP-6, BL-17, BL-18, and BL-20.
Heart palpitation: PC-6, CV-15, and Yin Tang.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Sub cortex, Endocrine, Liver, and Kidney.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles into all points obliquely at a 45 to 60-degree angle with fast twisting needle
technique until a heat sensation is produced on the ear. Retain all the needles for 1 hour. The clinician may
treat only the affected side depending on the patient’s condition or both sides as needed.
Electro-Acupuncture
Points: SI-19 and TW-17.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SI-19 and TW-17 perpendicularly along the ear canal 1 to 1.2 cun deep.
Attach the leads to the handle of needles and apply a fast waves for 20 minutes.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Anterior line of the temple, Posterior line of temple, and Middle line of vertex.
Insert 1.5 cun #28 needles into these two areas transversely at a 30-degree angle to the skin with fast
twisting needle technique for 3 to 5 minutes. Retain the needles for 1 hour during each treatment.
The treatment is once every week for 7 treatments as a course.
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Tinnitus
For deficiency type tinnitus: GV-20, LI-4, SI-4, TW-3, SI-3, ST-36, BL-62, and BL-23. (Zhen Jiu Ji Chen)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle for GV-20 obliquely towards the back against the meridian flow 1 to 1.2 cun
deep with lifting the thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Next insert 1 cun #32 needles for LI-4, SI-4,
TW-3, SI-3, ST-36, and BL-62 with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all the needles for 40
minutes. Then apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-23 for 9 cones in each treatment.
Heart palpitation and insomnia: BL-15 with moxibustion.
For both Excess and Deficiency types of tinnitus: TW-17, TW-7, ST-7, and SI-16. (Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into all points perpendicularly with twisting even movement needle technique.
For Excess type of tinnitus: Er ling—an extra point located between GB-20 and GB-12. (Zhen Jiu Wen Xian Ji)
Supplemental points: TW-17 and SI-19. (Zhen Jiu Wen Xian Ji)
Insert a 1 cun #28 needle into Er ling obliquely towards the ear 0.5 cun deep with strong stimulation until
the sensation of the needle transfers to the ear. Next insert 1 cun #30 needles into TW-17 and SI-19
perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep with medium stimulation technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes. The
treatment is once every other day for 7 treatments as a course.
For both tinnitus and deafness: GV-23, TW-17, SI-19, BL-23, TW-5, LI-4, and LI-6. (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-23 and TW-17 for 7 cones each treatment. Next insert 1 cun
#30 needles into other points with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For tinnitus due to Wind Heat: SI-19, LI-4, TW-5, and GB-42. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert a 1 cun #30 needle into SI-19 perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique.
Next insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-4, TW-5, and GB-42 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and
For tinnitus due to Qi Stagnation: TW-17, TW-18, ST-36, GB-42 (Yi Xue Gang Mu)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-17 and ST-36 to a depth of 1 cun with twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Next insert 1 cun #32 needles for TW-18 and GB-42 with twisting even movement needle
425
CASE ANALYSIS
A 55 year-old female presented with the main complaint of tinnitus for 5 years. The tinnitus had a soft high
pitch sound, which became worse with fatigue and stress. It was particularly loud at night. Associated symptoms
included dizziness and vertigo, poor memory, blurry vision, and frequent urination. The tongue was pale with a thin
white coating and the pulse was thin and deep.
Diagnosis: Tinnitus due to Kidney Jing Deficiency
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Kidney Jing and Warm the Kidney Yang.
Point Prescription: TW-17, SI-19, CV-4, GV-4, KI-3, BL-23, and GV-14.
Technique: Reinforcing needle technique and moxibustion
Result: After one course of treatment the patient’s tinnitus was reduced, particularly at night. She could sleep well.
The tinnitus was totally resolved after 3 courses of treatment.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are effective for treating tinnitus. The accuracy of diagnosis will be directly
related to the result of the therapy. The nature of tinnitus is hard to determine because symptoms of phantom sound
may occur in daily life due to many other reasons other than a serious disorder. In treating tinnitus with acupuncture,
local points will usually be the main points and require deep insertion technique. Distal points will work best with
superficial insertion and moving Qi technique. Acupuncture and moxibustion are to be used only as a supplemental
therapy for ear anatomy structure and auditory nerve damage.
426
Amenorrhea
427
CHAPTER III: O.B.G.Y.N DISORDERS
AMENORRHEA
The term Amenorrhea refers to both primary Amenorrhea and secondary Amenorrhea. The former applies
to those who have never menstruated until they are 18 years old, while the latter refers to those whose menses have
increased for over three months after the formation of menstrual cycle. TCM thinks most of the time amenorrhea is
caused by:
Insufficiency of the Liver and Kidney
Innate Kidney and Liver Deficiency can not fill up the Chong and Ren meridians to begin menstruation, or
by the overly tired due to excessive labor, or long term and/or chronic diseases leading to Kidney Essence
and Liver Blood Deficiency.
Deficiency Blood and Qi
Prolonged Blood and Qi Deficiency could be caused by many reasons such as: being consistently overly
tired, bad emotional stimulation, or other long-term severe diseases. As the result the body’s weakness the
Chong and Ren meridian will experience this deficiency.
Yin Deficiency
Any Yin Deficient body constitutions or long-term intake of dry hot herbs will damage the Interior Yin
fluids causing amenorrhea.
Qi and Blood Stagnation
Stagnation of Qi and Blood in the Chong and Ren meridians obstructs the flow of Blood to the uterus.
Most of the time this kind of stagnation is due to negative emotional stimulation and Liver Qi Stagnation.
Damp Stagnation
Sometimes amenorrhea can be caused by stagnation of Dampness and Phlegm. It’s commonly seen in over-
weight patients due to over-intake of greasy or indigestion causing foods.
DIAGNOSIS
Stagnation type
Symptoms are primary amenorrhea accompanied by fidgeting and ease to anger, feeling of fullness
in the chest and hypochondria, distending pain in the lower abdomen, ecchymoses along the tongue
edges, and a deep and choppy pulse.
Stagnation of Cold and Blood
The predominate symptoms in this case are cold extremities and aversion to cold, cold and pain in
the lower abdomen, preference for warmth, along with a tongue that is pale or dark with a thin
white coating and deep slow pulse.
Stagnation of Phlegm and Blood
The predominate symptoms of this case are a swollen body, fullness and stuffy sensation in the
chest and hypochondria, lassitude, more uterine discharge, a tongue with greasy coating, and a
slippery pulse.
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Amenorrhea
Deficiency type
Deficiency of the Liver and Kidney
Symptoms usually appear with primary amenorrhea in a girl over 18 years old, or delayed menstrual
cycle with scanty menstruation leading gradually to amenorrhea. Accompanied signs are
constitutional debility, lassitude in loins and legs, dizziness, tinnitus, hot flushes and night sweating,
reddish tongue with little fur, and a deep and thready pulse.
Deficiency of the Heart and Spleen
Gradual delay of menstruation with very little blood which is thin and reddish, leading to
amenorrhea and accompanied by dizziness, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, fatigue, poor
appetite, loose stool, insomnia, a pale tongue body with a thin coating, and a thin and weak pulse.
Blood Deficiency
Amenorrhea accompanied by emaciation and pale complexion, dizziness, blurred vision, lusterless
hair, a pale tongue with very little coating, and deep and moderate pulse.
Insufficient Blood
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Qi and Build up the Blood.
Point Prescription: BL-18, BL-20, BL-17, BL-23, CV-4, ST-36, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-4, ST-36, and SP-6 with twisting reinforcing needle technique and
apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Then insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-17, BL-18, BL-20,
and BL-23 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain the needle and applying moxa wool on the
handle of needles for 3 cones.
Insufficiency of the Liver and Kidney: BL-43, KI-2, GV-4, and LV-8.
Insufficiency of the Heart and Spleen: PC-6, CV-12, and SP-9.
Blood Stagnation
Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver and Regulate Qi; Reinforce the Spleen and Resolve Phlegm.
Point Prescription: CV-3, SP-8, LI-4, SP-6, LV-3, and ST-40.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun or a 2 cun #32 needle into CV-3 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.5 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique and 1 cun #30 needles into LV-3, LI-1, SP-8, SP-6, and ST-40 with twisting reducing needle
Qi Stagnation: CV-6 and SP-14.
Cold Stagnation: CV-4 with moxibustion.
Phlegm Stagnation: BL-32.
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Ear Acupuncture
Points: Zi Gong, Endocrine, Sub cortex, Liver, Kidney, Spleen and Stomach.
Selecting 3 or 4 points in each treatment with 0.5 cun #32 ear needles, insert the needles obliquely at a 30-
degree angle with fast twisting needle technique. Retain the needles for 40 minutes.
Plum Blossom
Treatment areas:
• Governing Vessel: from GV-2 to GV-5.
• Bladder meridian: on the low back and sacrum area.
• Spleen meridian: from SP-6 to SP-8.
Apply medium-level stimulation with plum blossom needles on each meridian for 3 minutes.
Moxibustion
Points: CV-4 and Zi Gong.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-4 and Zi Gong for 5 cones to treat amenorrhea due to
stagnation of Cold and Blood.
Electro-stimulation
Points: BL-32, ST-28, and SP-10.
Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-32 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with reducing twisting needle technique
and add electro-stimulation to the needles with continuous waves for 20 minutes. Then insert 2 or 3 cun
#32 needles into ST-28 perpendicularly, 1.5 cun deep to get the Qi and 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-10
perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting disperse technique. The negative side of the wires goes on SP-
10 and the positive on ST-28 with continued waves for 15 minutes.
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Amenorrhea
For amenorrhea by stagnation of Blood: CV-1, KI-6, and GB-26. (Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-1 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement technique
and 1 cun #30 needles for KI-6 and GB-26 with twisting reducing needle technique.
For amenorrhea by Stagnation of Blood or Deficiency of Blood: LI-11, TW-6, ST-36, and SP-6. (Yi Xue Gang Mu)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11 and SP-6 with twisting reducing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32
needles into ST-36 and TW-6 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique.
For amenorrhea by deficiency of Blood: GV-2 and KI-6. (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-2 and KI-6 for 9 cones.
For amenorrhea by stagnation of the Phlegm and Blood: LI-4, CV-5, SP-10, and ST-30. (Zhen Jiu Ji Chen)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-5, SP-10, and ST-30 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with twisting
reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 with twisting reducing needle technique.
For Amenorrhea with shallow complexion, vomiting, and Blood Deficiency: SP-6, LI-11, TW-5, and ST-36.
(Zhen Jiu Ju Ying. Za Bing Ge)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-6 and LI-11 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 and TW-5 with twisting reinforcing needle
For Amenorrhea due to Phlegm Stagnation: CV-3, SP-9, BL-30, BL-20, GB-26, and SP-4. (Bai Zhen Fu)
Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-30, 1.5 to 2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique
and 1.5 cun #32 needles for BL-20 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain the needles for 10
minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-3, SP-l9, and GB-26 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting
even movement technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into SP-4 with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Retain all needles for 20 minutes
For Amenorrhea due to stagnation of Blood: LI-4, SP-6, and CV-4. (Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-4 and SP-6 with twisting reducing needle technique and 3 cun #32
needle into CV-4 perpendicularly, 2.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique and apply moxa
wool on the handle of needle for 3 cones.
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For amenorrhea due to deficiency of the Liver and Kidney: CV-4, BL-23, BL-32, GV-4, GB-26, SP-8, BL-23, KI-15, and SP-6.
Insert 1.5 or 2 cun 30 # needles into BL-32 perpendicularly into the patient, 1 to 1.5 cun deep with rubbing
technique, until the sensation travels to the front of the body. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-4 and
BL-23 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 2
cones. Insert 2 cun #32 needles into CV-4 perpendicularly with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1
cun #34 needles into GB-26, SP-8, KI-15, and SP-8 perpendicularly with twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Apply moxa wool on the handle of needle for 3 cones on CV-4.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 28-year-old female patient with the main complaint of amenorrhea for 7 months enters the clinic. Usually
the menstruation was delayed until it eventually stopped. Associated signs were lassitude, weakness and a sore
sensation in the low back and both legs, poor appetite, dizziness and vertigo, tendency for anger, thirst, and
constipation. The tongue was pale with a thin coating and the pulse was deep and thready.
Diagnosis: Secondary amenorrhea due to Kidney and Liver Deficiency
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Kidney and Liver; Regulate the Chong and Ren meridians.
Point Prescription: BL-17, BL-18, BL-20, BL-23, CV-4, SP-6, and ST-25.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-17, BL-18, BL-20, and BL-23 with twisting reinforcing needle technique,
and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-4, SP-6, and ST-
25 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Apply moxa wool on
handle of CV-4 for 3 cones.
Result: The period returned after 6 treatments. In total, 2 courses of treatment were need for her to return to normal.
EVALUATION
Amenorrhea could be caused by many factors, such as: anemia, TB, or other heart and kidney diseases. A
correct TCM diagnosis is very important before beginning the treatment in order to get rid of the cause, and also the
ability to understand the difference between early pregnancy and amenorrhea. Acupuncture and moxibustion are
very effective for treating secondary functional amenorrhea.
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Dysmenorrhea
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DYSMENORRHEA
Dysmenorrhea, as described by TCM, refers to the pain in the lower abdomen and in the lower back that
women have during or after menstrual periods. The patients can sometimes faint as a result of these pains in severe
cases. It has been customary to classify cases of dysmenorrhea into two main groups: primary and functional.
Primary dysmenorrhea refers to a situation that is not caused by organic diseases and secondary dysmenorrhea refers
to a situation caused by organic diseases in the reproductive system, including some western medicine diseases such
as endometriosis, ante version of the uterus, retroversion of the uterus, pelvic inflammation, and other uterine
diseases. In the TCM clinic, it may be caused by:

Pain caused by stagnation of Qi and Blood, especially in the Ren Mai and Chong Mai. Patients could have
long-term distressing emotional stimulation, which can cause Liver Qi stagnation as well.
Cold Pathogenic Influence induces stagnation in the uterus

Most of the Cold pathogens come from an External Cold or excessive eating of frozen foods during the
period, making the blood stagnate in the uterus and causing pain.
Damp-Heat pouring into the Lower Warmer

Interior Damp-Heat usually originates from improper food intake or a Damp-Heat Pathogenic Influence
and travels downward into the Ren and Chong meridians, stagnating the blood circulation in the uterus and
causing pain.

There is an empty “Sea of Blood” in the Ren and Chong meridians due to deficiency of both Blood and Qi
that could be caused by long-term or chronic diseases or a weak body constitution. As a result, it is hard to
move the Blood before or during menstruation.
Liver and Kidney Deficiency

Insufficiency of the Chong and Ren meridians is often caused by an innate Kidney Qi Deficiency or by over
exertion in both life and labor. As a result, the Blood and Essence of the Kidney cannot fill the uterus, and
it causes pain.
DIAGNOSIS
Stagnation of Cold and Dampness

Symptoms include distending pain in the lower abdomen before or during menstruation, which can be
relieved by warmth but worsened by pressure. Associated signs are a painful sensation in the lower back and
spinal column, and a scanty menstrual flow that is clotted and dark in color. The tongue is pale with a white
and greasy coating and the pulse is deep and tense.
Blood Stasis due to Stagnation of the Qi

Symptoms include distending and throbbing pain in the lower abdomen one or two days before or during
menstruation that is associated with a full sensation in the chest, breast, and hypochondriac region, an
uneven menstrual flow with dark, purple blood clots, that is relieved after the clots are expelled. There is
ecchymoses on the tongue body and the pulse is wiry, choppy, and deep.
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Dysmenorrhea

Symptoms include a vague pain in the lower abdomen for 1 or 2 days before, during or even after
menstruation with pressure relieving it. The menstrual flow is scanty with reddish, thin blood, accompanied
by a lack of vitality and asthenia, dizziness, tinnitus, a pale complexion, and a sore or achy sensation in the
low back. The tongue is pale with little or no coating and the pulse is thin and deep.
Stagnation due to Cold and Dampness

Treatment Principle: Warm the Cold, Move the Damp and Release the pain.
Point Prescription: CV-3, ST-28, and SP-8.
Treat once every other day for 5 treatments as a course, starting a week before the period.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-8 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique
until the pain sensation decreased. Insert 2 or 3 cun #30 needles into CV-3 and ST-28 with a lifting the thrusting
even movement technique. Apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 5 cones.
Severe pain: BL-32 and ST-29.
Pain related to the lower back: BL-23 and GV-4.
Blood Stasis due to Stagnation of the Qi

Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver and Regulate the Qi and menstruation.
Point Prescription: CV-6, LV-3, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-3 and SP-6 perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with a twisting reducing
needle technique. Insert 1.5 or 2 cun #32 needle into CV-6 with a twisting even movement needle technique, until
the sensation of the needle spreads around CV-6. Apply moxa wool to the handles of the needle for 3 cones.
Bloated abdominal region: CV-6, KI-13, and SP-8.
Hypochondriac pain: GB-34 and GB-38.
Stuffy sensation in the chest: PC-6.

Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Kidney and Liver and Regulate menstruation.
Point Prescription: BL-18, BL-23, CV-4, ST-36, and KI-6.
Treat once every other day for 7 treatments as a course, starting the first day of the period.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-18 and BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 5 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-
6 and ST-36 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-4 with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
Dizziness and ringing ear: GB-39 and KI-3.
Lower abdominal pain: KI-12 and Zi Gong.
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Gua Sha
For Dysmenorrhea due to stagnation of Qi and Blood:
Treatment area: low back and sacrum.
Apply Gua Sha technique on the lower back and sacrum until purple or black dots appear (Sha).
Treat once in the first day of the period.
Plum-Blossom
Treatment area: Inside of the tibia bone from SP-6 to SP-9 and the low back and sacrum from L-4 to S-5.
Apply medium stimulation of the plum blossom needle technique 2 to 3 minutes from SP-6 to SP-9 and
strong stimulation for 1 or 2 minutes from L-4 to S-5. Apply a fire cup between L-5 and S-1 for 2 minutes
after the plum blossom needle treatment.
Treat once a week, starting the first day of the period.
Bloodletting
For Dysmenorrhea due to stagnation of Qi and Blood:
Treatment area: LV-1, GB-44, and purple or black dots on the sacrum.
Palpate from L-5 to S-1, looking for purple or black dots, and apply a bloodletting technique on it
to squeeze out 1 to 2 drops of blood.
Treat once every other day, 2 treatments as a course, starting the first day of the period.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Lateral line 3 of the forehead, and Middle line of the vertex.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these lines perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting Qi technique.
Moxibustion
Moxa-pole: CV-4 and SP-6.
Apply moxa-pole on CV-4 and SP-6 when the pain starts during menstruation for 20 minutes or
until the pain decreases.
Treat once daily, until the period finished.
Indirect moxibustion: CV-4 and Zi Gong.
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-4 and Zi Gong for 7 cones.
Treat once every other day, starting 3 to 5 days before the period, 5 treatments as a course.
Direct moxibustion: SP-4, LV-1, and SP-8.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on SP-4, LV-1, and SP-8 for 9 cones.
Treat once daily for 7 treatments as a course, starting the first day of menstruation.
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Dysmenorrhea
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Zi Gong, Endocrine, Sympathetic, and Kidney.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles into these points with a fast twisting needle technique until the ear feels a
warm sensation. Retain the needles for 40 minutes.
Cupping
Treatment area: BL-32, L-5 and below, and CV-8.
Apply fire cups on these points for 5 minutes.
Treat once daily for 5 treatments as a course, starting the first day of the period.
For treatment of Dysmenorrhea with distention and pain in the lower abdominal region that travels to the genitals, the back, and both
sides of the hip area: ST-28. (Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing)
Insert 1.5 or 2 cun #32 needles into ST-28 perpendicularly, 1.2 to 1.5 cun deep with a twisting reducing
needle technique and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 5 cones.
Treat once every other day for 5 treatments as a course, starting when the pain comes.
For Dysmenorrhea during the period accompanied by dizziness: KI-6, GB-35, ST-44, and LI-4. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-6 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique and let the sensation of the needle travel up the leg. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into ST-44, GB-35,
and LI-4 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For Dysmenorrhea with dizziness and a headache: ST-44. (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
For Dysmenorrhea from stagnation of Qi and Blood: PC-6, SP-4, SP-6, and ST-29. (Shan Xi Zhong Yi)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into PC-6 and SP-4 with a twisting even movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun
#30 needles into SP-6 and ST-29 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles
for 30 minutes.
Treat once daily during the pain times 3 treatments as a course.
For Dysmenorrhea due to stagnation of the Qi and Blood: SP-6, CV-3, SP-10, BL-23, GB-26, GV-4, ST-36, and LV-3.
Insert a 2 cun #32 needle into CV-3 perpendicularly, 1.5 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique
and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into SP-6 and LV-
3 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-36, SP-10, and GB-26 with
a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-23 and GV-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
Treat once daily, 3 treatments as a course; starting the first day pain comes.
For Dysmenorrhea with severe pain: BL-32. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-32 perpendicularly, 2 to 2.5 cun deep (it depends on the patient’s size)
with a twisting reducing needle technique until the Qi sensation travels to the front of the lower abdomen.
Apply an electro machine from one BL-32 to another with slow -fast waves for 20 minutes.
437
Treat once daily for 3 treatments as a course, starting the first day pain comes.
For Dysmenorrhea from stagnation of the Qi: CV-3, BL-32, and SP-8. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 2 or 3 cun #30 needles into BL-32 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needle into
CV-3 and SP-8 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique and apply moxa wool to the handles
of the needles for 3 cones.
For Dysmenorrhea by stagnation of Qi and Blood: Below L-5. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun or 2 cun #30 needle into the space below L-5—an extra point named: Shi Qi Zhui Xia,
perpendicularly, 1.2 to 1.5 cun deep with a twisting needle technique for 1 or 2 minutes.
Retain the needle for 40 minutes.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 25 year-old female patient had a main complaint of dysmenorrhea for 4 years. Her menstrual flow was
very uneven and scanty with dark and purple blood clots. It was associated with bloating, a painful sensation in the
chest, breast and hypochondriac region, sighing, belching, nausea, and vomiting sometimes from the severity of the
pain. The tongue was red with ecchymoses, and the pulse was wiry and choppy.
Treatment Principle: Move the Qi and Blood, Regulate the menstruation and Relieve the pain.
Point Prescription: PC-6, SP-8, SP-6, CV-3, and LV-3.
Treat once daily starting with the first day the pain comes, for 5 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-3 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, and apply
moxa wool to the handle of the needle for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into PC-6, SP-8, SP-6, and LV-3 with a
Result: After 2 courses of treatment, the dysmenorrhea was gone and it never returned.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion is very effective for the treatment of dysmenorrhea. A correct diagnosis,
according to TCM theory, will help practitioners make a correct point prescription. It is helpful to understand some
difficult and dangerous diseases, such as cancer and severe uterine infections that may also cause similar symptoms.
The best treatment time is either a week before or a week after menstruation, which will help to move the Qi and
Blood, get rid of stagnation, and relieve the pain. During the menstruation, patients should avoid stressful emotional
stimulation and overwork, should keep the low abdomen warm, and not drink or eat frozen food or water.
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Eclampsia
439
ECLAMPSIA
Women during the third trimester of pregnancy, before or after delivery, usually experience vertigo,
syncope, tetany, and general rigidity with superduction. The collection of symptoms in TCM is called Eclampsia.
The disorder pertains to the categories of Ren Shen Xian Zheng (Eclampsia) in TCM, believed to be caused by Liver
Yang Rising and water retention during pregnancy.
Liver and Kidney Yin Deficiency

Generally pregnant women in the middle of later stage of pregnancy with Yin Deficient body constitutions,
and Interior Yang that easily rises are the patients who most frequently experience eclampsia.
Blood Deficiency
During pregnancy most of the Blood goes to nourish the fetus, and the lack of Blood supply to the Liver
causes Liver Wind to stir due to the Blood Deficiency.
DIAGNOSIS
Up stirring of Liver Wind

During the third trimester of pregnancy the presenting symptoms in this case are flush in the face,
palpitations, irritability, sudden onset of convulsion or coma in severe cases, and a red tongue with a thin
yellow coating, along with a wiry, slippery and rapid pulse.
Mental disturbance due to Phlegm-Fire

In the third trimester of pregnancy, or during delivery, the patient suddenly goes into a coma, convulsions,
with coarse breathing and wheezing. The tongue is red with a yellow and greasy coating, and the pulse is
wiry and slippery.
Up stirring of Liver Wind

Treatment Principle: Nourish the Yin and Blood and Subdue the Liver Yang.
Point Prescription: GV-20, GB-20, PC-6, LV-3, SP-6, and KI-3.
Treat just in case.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-3, KI-3, PC-6, and SP-6 perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with
twisting even movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-20 and GB-20 with lifting and
Unconsciousness: GV-26 and KI-1.
Clutch jaw: ST-6 and ST-7.
Convolution and tics: GB-34 and LV-8.
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Eclampsia
Mental disturbance due to Phlegm-Fire

Treatment Principle: Clear the Shen and Resolve Phlegm.
Point Prescription: GV-14, HT-7, PC-6, SP-9, ST-40, LI-11, and LI-4.
Treat just in case.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique until the sensation of the Qi travels downward along the spinal column, then remove the needle. Insert 1.5
cun #30 needles into SP-9, ST-40, LI-11, and LI-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into HT-7 and PC-6 perpendicularly with twisting even movement needle
Dizziness and vertigo: Si Shen Cong and Yin Tang.
Unconsciousness: GV-26 and the Four Gates.
Stagnation of Phlegm in the throat and chest: CV-13 and CV-22.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Liver, Kidney Shen Men, Sub cortex, and Occiput.
twisting needle technique. Repeat the process every 5 minutes during 40 minutes needle retention.
Treat once daily for 3 treatments as a course. (As prevention treatment)
Electro Acupuncture
Points: LI-11, LI-4, SP-6, and SP-4.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11 and LI-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-6 and SP-4 with twisting even movement needle technique.
Apply Electro wires on these points, the negative side of the wire on LI-11 and SP-6 with irregular waves
(fast-slow wave) for 40 minutes.
Treat just in case.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Middle line of vertex, Lateral line 1 of vertex, Middle line of forehead, Lateral line 3 of
forehead.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these lines transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique. Repeat this process every 10 minutes during 1 hour of needle retention.
Treat just in case.
Nose Acupuncture
Points: Heart, Lung, Kidney, and Gallbladder.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 needles into these points perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with fast twisting needle
technique.
Treat just in case.
441
Foot Acupuncture
Points: Liver, Li Nei Ting, Kidney, Stomach, and Heart.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 needle into these points perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
Treat just for in case.
For Eclampsia due to accumulation of Damp-Heat: GV-20, Yin Tang, GV-26, PC-6, LV-3, ST-40, SP-6, and LI-11.
(Shen Yin Jing)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into Yin Tang and GV-26 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #30
needles into LV-3, SP-6, and PC-6 perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles for ST-40 and LI-11 with lifting the thrusting reducing needle technique.
For Eclampsia in coma and convulsion: GB-39 and KI-3. (Yi Xue Ru Men)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into KI-3 with the Yin Ci technique (one of the ancient needle techniques—insert
the needles into both sides of the body at the same time with two hands) with a twisting reducing needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-39 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique. Repeat this process every 5 minutes during 40 minutes needle retention.
Treat just for incase.
For Eclampsia in coma and convulsion: Si Shen Cong, GV-20, PC-6, and GB-20. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Ji Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into Si Shen Cong and GV-20 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with
fast twisting needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into PC-6 perpendicularly, 0.7 cun deep with twisting
reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-20 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep towards nose
direction with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 1 hour.
For Eclampsia before parturient period: LI-4, SP-6, LI-11, GV-20, and Yin Tang. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-20 transversely, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique, and a 1 cun #32 needle into Yin Tang obliquely, 0.5 cun deep downwards with twisting reducing
needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-4 and SP-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting
reducing needle technique. Repeat this process every 3 minutes during 40 minutes of needle retention.
For Eclampsia due to stirring up of Liver Fire: LV-3, LI-4, LI-11, SP-9, and GV-20. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-20 transversely, 1.2 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with lifting and
thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into LI-11 and SP-9 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun
deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LI-4 and LV-3 perpendicularly,
0.7 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Repeat this process every 5 minutes
during the 30 minutes of needle retention.
442
Eclampsia
CASE ANALYSIS
A 36-year-old female patient 5 months pregnant presented with eclampsia on March 5th, 1989. She had
suddenly fallen into a coma and that was associated with convulsions for 4 minutes. On March 6th she came to the
hospital still with nausea, dizziness, tinnitus, rebellious Qi in the epigastric area, and poor sleep. The tongue was red
with a yellow coating and pulse was wiry and fast.
Diagnosis: Eclampsia due to up stirring of Liver Wind.
Treatment Principle: Calm the Liver and Subdue the Wind.
Point Prescription: Si Shen Cong, GV-20, LV-3, PC-6, and KI-3.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into Si Shen Cong and GV-20 obliquely, 0.7 cun deep at a 45-degree angle with
fast twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3 and KI-3 with twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into PC-6 and SP-6 with twisting even movement needle technique. Repeat
the process every 5 minutes during 40 minutes of needle retention.
Result: The symptoms of eclampsia were resolved after 10 minutes of needle insertion. Seven days later she returned
with a little dizziness and got another treatment. She had a healthy boy a little while after.
EVALUATION
Eclampsia usually is caused by hypertension and edema during pregnancy, and is also associated with lack of
good care and treatment during the period of pregnancy. Acupuncture is very effective for in the treatment of
eclampsia and is particularly effective to relieve the symptoms without any side effects. However, it is highly
recommended for the patient to be in a hospital setting in order to prevent other dangerous symptoms from
occurring, such as heart attack or stroke.
443
HYPOGALACTIA
Hypogalactia refers to very little or no milk secretions of the mother after giving birth. This disorder can be
disadvantageous for the newborn child, as there are many nutrients as well as antibiotics contained within. Although
this is not a terribly common disorder, it does appear quiet frequently in older women. TCM regards this disorder as
usually caused by Blood Deficiency after labor or by stagnation of Liver Qi.
Blood Deficiency
As TCM understands, the milk is transferred from Blood, so that is why any kind of Blood Deficiency will
cause lack of milk, particularly when the patient with a Spleen and Stomach Deficiency cannot produce
more Blood or lost a lot blood during labor.
Liver Qi Stagnation
Unhealthy emotional stimulation will cause stagnation of Liver Qi, because Liver controls the circulation of
the Qi, and the Qi cannot transfer milk from the Blood.
DIAGNOSIS
Deficiency of Qi and Blood

Signs: postpartum hypogalactia or agalactia, thin and clear milk, soft breasts without a feeling of fullness,
dull complexion, lack of vitality, poor appetite, and a pale tongue with little coating, along with a weak and
thin pulse.
Stagnation of the Liver Qi

Signs: postpartum hypogalactia or agalactia in severe cases, fullness and oppressed feeling in the chest and
hypochondriac region, emotional depression, mild fever, anorexia, and a normal tongue with a thin and
yellow coating, along with a wiry, thin, and fast pulse.
Deficiency of Qi and Blood

Treatment Principle: Reinforce Qi and Blood and Regulate the milk secretion.
Point Prescription: CV-17, ST-18, BL-20, and ST-36.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #34 needle into CV-17 obliquely, 1 cun deep towards the breast (left or right side) with
twisting even movement technique, lift the needle up and change the direction to do same technique for other
breast. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into ST-18 and ST-36 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles
for 15 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-20 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 2 cones.
Poor appetite: CV-12 and ST-25.
Loss of blood: BL-18 and BL-17.
444
Hypogalactia
Stagnation of the Liver Qi

Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver and Regulate Qi.
Point Prescription: CV-17, ST-18, SI-1, PC-6, and LV-3.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into ST-18, PC-6, and LV-3 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 0.5 cun
#34 needles into SI-1with twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-17
obliquely, 1 cun deep towards the breast (one side first) with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique, then
change to other direction with same technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Distention in the chest and hypochondriac region: LV-14 and TW-6.
Fullness and distention in the epigastric and abdominal region: CV-12 and ST-36.
Moxibustion
Point: SI-1
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on SI-1 for 7 cones, or apply moxa-pole on SI-1 for 15
minutes.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Chest, Endocrine, Liver, and Kidney.
Insert 0.5 cun #34 ear needles into these points obliquely, 0.3 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes. Or apply press-ball on these points on one side of ear, and
retain them for 3 days. Ask the patient to press three times a day before meals.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Middle line of vertex, Lateral line 3 of forehead, and Lateral line 1 of vertex.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into these lines obliquely, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with fast twisting needle technique.
Retain all needles for 30 minutes to treat hypogalactia with Liver Qi stagnation.
445
For lack of milk after labor: LV-3 and KI-7. (Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3 obliquely towards the KI-1 direction, 0.3 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into KI-7 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and
thrusting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 2 cones.
For agalactia: SI-1, TW-2, and TW-10. (Qian Jing Yi Fang)
Insert 0.5 cun #32 needles into SI-1perpendicularly, 0.1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique, 1 cun #32 needles into TW-2 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into TW-10 perpendicularly, 0.6 cun deep with twisting even movement
For agalactia: CV-17 and SI-1. (Za Bing Ge)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-17 SI-1 for 7 cones.
For agalactia: SI-2. (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on SI-2 for 9 cones.
For lack of milk after labor: CV-17, LI-4, and SI-1. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-17 obliquely, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique,
and 1 cun #34 needles into LI-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on SI-1for 7 cones.
For lack of milk after labor: SI-15, BL-42, BL-18, BL-15, and HT-7. (Xin Zhen Jiu Xue)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-15 and BL-18 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SI-15 and BL-42 perpendicularly with twisting even
movement needle technique and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones.
For agalactia: SP-10, LI-10, CV-6, BL-17, and BL-19. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Xue)
needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles
into SP-10, LI-10, and CV-6 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique.
For lack of milk after labor: GB-21, BL-11, BL-18, LI-4, and CV-17. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-21 perpendicularly, 0.8 to 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-11 and BL-18 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply
moxa wool on the handle of needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LI-4 with twisting even
movement needle technique, and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-17 with twisting reinforcing needle
446
Hypogalactia
For lack of milk due to Liver Stagnation: LV-3, KI-23, CV-17, and GV-20. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique,
and 1 cun #34 needles into KI-23 perpendicularly, 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-17 transversely towards one side of the breast, 1 cun deep
with twisting even movement needle technique, then lift the needle up and change the direction to the other
breast with same needle technique. Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into GV-20 with twisting reducing needle
For agalactia: BL-43, SI-15, BL-20, ST-36, and CV-17. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on BL-43 for 7 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SI-15 and BL-
20 perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the
handle of needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-34 and CV-17 with twisting reinforcing
CASE ANALYSIS
A 25 year-old female patient with the main complaint of hypogalactia for one month came for treatment.
She noticed decreased milk secretion a week ago since fighting with her husband. She felt distention and painful
sensations in the breast, chest, and hypochondriac region that was associated with belching, restlessness, and
tendency to anger, dizziness and vertigo, and poor sleep. The tongue was red with a thin yellow coating and the
pulse was wiry.
Diagnosis: Hypogalactia due to stagnation of Liver Qi.
Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver and Regulate milk secretion.
Point Prescription: CV-17, LV-14, LV-3, and SI-1.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into SI-1 perpendicularly, 0.1 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique
and remove the needles with the technique to enlarge the acupuncture hole to remove a drop of blood. Then apply
moxa pole on the point for 10 minutes.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-17 obliquely, 1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique,
and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-14 and LV-3 with twisting even movement needle technique.
Result: After 3 treatments the secretion of milk returned to normal.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion is very effective to help hypogalactia, particularly within 20 days of labor, the
effective rate is over 95%, but as the time passes the effective rate will decrease, and after 6 months the rate could be
only 5 %. Which means earlier treatment is the key of the effectiveness of acupuncture therapy in these cases.
Secretion of milk will usually be increased after 2 to 70 hours. The main points are CV-17, SI-1, and ST-18, with
weak stimulation, and the needle retention time has not shown to be a direct influence to effectiveness, therefore,
the needles are usually retained for only 15 to 20 minutes. Meanwhile, the patient should keep a good mood and
spirits and take more protein rich food.
447
INFERTILITY
Infertility is a very common disorder that is directly related to age and the balance of hormonal levels.
Traditional Chinese Medicine believes that infertility could be caused by Kidney Deficiency (Kidney Yang
Deficiency and Kidney Yin Deficiency) that fails in nourishing the Chong and Ren meridians, creating a weak uterus,
or weakness in the Ming Men Fire, which leads to a Cold uterus. One other cause could be stagnation of Dampness
and Cold, which leads to an irregular menstruation. In modern medicine, infertility is divided into primary infertility
and secondary infertility.
Kidney Deficiency
Infertility caused by an innate Kidney Qi and Essence Deficiency or by other prolonged diseases. The Yang
Qi cannot warm the uterus, and the Essence and Blood cannot nourish it. Sometimes, Interior Heat can
stagnate in the uterus due to Kidney Yin Deficiency as well.
Liver Stagnation
Infertility due to disharmony of Chong and Ren meridians, which is caused by Liver Stagnation, which fails
in adjusting the Blood after a long-term or severe emotional episodes.
Damp-Phlegm
Phlegm and Dampness stagnate in the uterus and the meridians, impacting the Chong and Ren meridians
ability to send Blood down to the uterus.
Blood Stagnation
Infertility due to Blood Stagnation in the uterus occurs with irregular menstruation or dysmenorrhea.
Stagnation of Blood in the uterus makes it difficult to become pregnant and can easily cause a miscarriage if
already pregnant.
DIAGNOSIS
Infertility due to Deficiency of the Kidney

Symptoms include irregular menstruation that is light in amount and color and associated with lassitude,
dizziness, and ringing ear, and weakness and soreness in the low back and legs. The tongue is pale with a
white thin coat and the pulse is deep and weak.
Infertility due to a Cold uterus

Symptoms include delayed menstruation that is scanty in amount and dark or even black in color, associated
with a cold and painful sensation in the lower abdominal region, a cold sensation inside the whole body,
including the four extremities, frequent urination, and weakness in the low back. The tongue is pale with a
thin coat, and the pulse is deep and slow.
Infertility due to Blood Deficiency

Symptoms include a scanty or delayed menstruation that is associated with a weak body constitution,
dizziness, a tendency towards anger, a sensation of distention and fullness in the chest and breast, heart
palpitations, insomnia, a pale complexion, dry skin, and a dry throat. The tongue is pale and the pulse is
deep and thin.
448
Infertility
Infertility due to stagnation of Phlegm and Interior Cold

Symptoms include delayed menstruation with a very uneven flow, light red in color with clots, and is
associated with distention and fullness in the chest and hypochondriac region, a tendency towards anger,
restlessness, being over weight, dizziness and vertigo, and heart palpitations. There can be a thick, sticky,
and large amount of uterine discharge in this case. The tongue is dark with purple or black dots and a white
greasy coat. The pulse is tight or choppy.
PRESCRIPTION AND TREATMENTS
Infertility due to Deficiency of the Kidney

Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Kidney Qi and Regulate the Chong and Ren meridians.
Point Prescription: BL-23, KI-13, and KI-2.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23 perpendicularly 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 5 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles
into KI-13 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique and 1-cun #32 needles into KI-2 with a twisting even
movement needle technique. Apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones on KI-13.
Dizziness and ringing ear: GV-20 and KI-3.
Weakness and soreness in the lower back: Yao Yan and KI-10.
Infertility due to a Cold uterus

Treatment Principle: Warm the uterus and Expel the Cold.
Point Prescription: CV-7, CV-2, GV-4, and CV-6.
Technique: Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into GV-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 5 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-2 and
CV-7 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain needles for 10 minutes. Apply indirect moxibustion with a
Fu Zi cake (aconite) on CV-6 for 7 cones.
Delayed menstruation: ST-28 and ST-29.
Sore and weakness in the low back: BL-23 and GV-4 with moxibustion.
Infertility due to Deficiency of Blood

Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Blood and Kidney Jing; Regulate the Chong and Ren meridians.
Point Prescription: CV-4, ST.13, Zi Gong, SP-6, and ST-36.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-6 and ST-36 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique and 1 cun
#32 needles into ST-13 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 2 cun #32
needles into Zi Gong with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Apply indirect moxibustion with a Fu
Zi cake (aconite) on CV-4 for 7 to 9 cones.
Heat sensation from Blood Deficiency: SP-10.
Dizziness and heart palpitations: GV-20 and HT-7.
449
Infertility due to stagnation of Phlegm and Interior Cold

Treatment Principle: Resolve the stagnation of Phlegm and Blood, and Regulate the menstruation.
Point Prescription: CV-3, ST-30, SP-6, and ST-40.
Technique: Insert 3 cun #32 needles into CV-3 and ST-30 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-6 and ST-40 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
Uneven period: SP-8.
Fullness sensation in the chest: LV-3 and PC-6.
Leukorrhea: BL-31.
Abdominal pain: KI-15.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Endocrine, Kidney, Uterus, Sub cortex, and Ovary.
Insert 0.5 cun ear needles into these points obliquely at a 60-degree angle, with a fast twisting technique.
Moxibustion
Indirect moxibustion: Apply indirect moxibustion with a Fu Zi cake (aconite) on CV-4, CV-6, and Zi Gong
for 5 to 7 cones. Treat twice a week, 7 treatments as a course.
Direct non-scarring moxibustion: Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-4, CV-7, KI-7, GV-4, and
BL-23 for 9 to 11 cones. Treat once daily for 10 treatments as a course.
For infertility due to cold body constitution: CV-8. (Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing)
Apply indirect moxibustion with salt (dry it in a pot for few minutes before using it) and ginger (a piece of
ginger on the salt) for 9 cones. Treat twice a week for 7 treatments as a course.
For infertility due to stagnation of Blood: CV-4. (Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing)
Insert a 3 cun #30 needle into CV-4 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with Long Hu Jiao Zhan—Dragon and
Tiger Battle technique and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 5 cones.
Treat once a week for 7 treatments as a course
For infertility due to deficiency of the Kidney: KI-1. (Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing)
Rub KI-1 for 3 to 5 minutes until the point gets warm, and then insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-1
perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep. Apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 5 cones.
450
Infertility
For infertility due to a Cold uterus: Qi Men. (Qian Jin Yao Fang)
Apply direct moxibustion on Qi Men—an extra point located 3 cun lateral to CV-4, for 10 cones.
Treat once daily 100 cones as a course.
For infertility: BL-32, KI-1, and SP-5. (Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing)
Insert 2 cun #30 needles into BL-32 perpendicularly, 1.5 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needle into KI-
1 and SP-5 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For infertility due to a Cold uterus: KI-6, CV-3, SP-6, and Zi Gong. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Zi Gong is an extra point located 2 cun lateral to CV-3.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-6 and SP-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique and a 1.5 cun #30
needle into CV-3 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on Zi
Gong for 9 cones.
For infertility due to a Cold uterus: SP-6, SP-10, CV-6, CV-3, CV-4, BL-23, GV-4, BL-32, KI-2, KI-6, Qi Men, and Zi
Gong. (Shen Jiu Jing Lun)
Divide the points into two groups, and apply direct non-scarring moxibustion for 7 to 9 cones on each
point. Treat once daily for 15 treatments as a course. The two groups of points should be automatically
changed each time.
For infertility due to deficiency of the Kidney: ST-36, BL-67, LI-4, SP-6, and CV-2. (Zhen Jiu Ji Chen)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36, SP-6, and LI-4 with a twisting even movement needle technique.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-2 and BL-67 for 7 cones.
For infertility: CV-4, SP-6, BL-23, and Zi Gong. (Zhen Jiu Bai Zhen Fu)
Insert 1.5 or 2 cun #30 needles into CV-4 and Zi Gong with a twisting even movement needle technique
and 1 cun #30 needles into SP-6 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-23 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 5 cones.
Treat once every other day for 15 times as a course.
For infertility: CV-4, ST-29, SP-6, KI-13, ST-36, and BL-10. (Bei Jing Zhong Yi)
Insert 2 cun #30 needles into CV-4, ST-29, and KI-13 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.5 cun deep with a twisting
even movement needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-6 obliquely upwards at a 45-degree
angle, with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into ST-36 and
BL-10 perpendicularly with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Treat once daily (12, 13 and 14 days after the end of a menstruation period), 3 treatments as a course.
451
CASE ANALYSIS
A 35 year-old female has had a main complaint of infertility for 7 years (her husband proved fertile upon
examination) with delayed menstruation since her first period came, usually once in a 3 to 5 month period. The
menstruation was scanty in amount and light in color. Her associated symptoms were distention and pain in the low
back and abdominal region, a tendency towards anger, restlessness, dizziness, lassitude, a pale complexion and a cold
sensation in the body, including the four extremities. Her tongue was pale with a thin white coating, and her pulse
was deep, thin, and wiry.
Diagnosis: Infertility due to Deficiency of the Kidney.
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Kidney Qi and Regulate the Liver.
Point Prescription: KI-8, CV-4, CV-3, ST-36, BL-23, GV-4, and LV-13.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-23 and GV-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 2 cun #30 needles into CV-
3 and CV-4 with a twisting even movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into KI-8, ST-36, and LV-13
with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all the needles for 20 minutes.
Result: After a total of 5 courses (with a 7 day break between each course), she became pregnant and had a healthy
labor.
EVALUATION
Thousands and thousands of infertility cases have been successfully treated by acupuncture and
moxibustion. With the correct prescriptions and lifestyles, the patients will usually succeed in changing infertility. It
is usually better to ask the patient to get a diagnosis and examination by an OBGYN practitioner before the
treatment and prove that her husband is fertile. Understanding the case and the TCM diagnosis is important to
providing an appropriate curative treatment. Herbal therapy is also recommended alongside acupuncture treatments
for infertility. Herbs can help tremendously regulate the body systems and Qi.
452
Leukorrhea
453
LEUKORRHEA
Leukorrhea refers to profuse uterine discharges with abnormal color, quality, and smell. It is often
accompanied with the patient’s constitutional or local symptoms. In TCM, it is related to the Dai-mai. That is why
we call it “Dai Xia”. Possible causes in TCM are:
Spleen Deficiency
Interior Damp Stagnation in the Ren-mai and Dai-mai can occur due to a deficient Spleen failing in
transporting and transforming. The Spleen can be that impacted by improper food intake, by being overly
tired, by over-thinking or stagnation of the Liver Qi.
Kidney Deficiency
Yin liquids can flow out because deficient Kidney Qi fails in controlling or withholding the Qi. Prolonged
Kidney Qi Deficiency can occur from being overly tired or contracting long-term diseases.
Damp-Heat
This kind of leukorrhea is frequently caused by a Damp-Heat Invasion, or by Interior stagnation of water
that turns into Heat, impacting the Ren-mai and Dai-mai and causing irregular discharge.
DIAGNOSIS
Leukorrhea due to deficiency of the Spleen

Symptoms include a whitish or yellowish, continual sticky discharge, that has no foul smell and is associated
with a pale or sallow complexion, a lack of vitality, a lack of appetite, a pale tongue with a white or greasy
coating, and a moderate and weak pulse.
Leukorrhea due to deficiency of the Kidney

Symptoms include clear, cold, thin, and profuse continual discharge that is associated with soreness around
the waist along with a cold sensation in the lower abdomen, a pale tongue with a white and thin coating, and
a deep and slow pulse.
Leukorrhea due to Damp-toxin

Symptoms include an excessive pus-like discharge that is yellow or green in color, mixed with blood or
turbid like rice-water, foul smelling, curd-like in consistency, and associated with vaginal itching, a bitter
taste in the mouth, dry throat, scanty dark urine, a red tongue with a yellow and greasy coating, and a rapid
or slippery and rapid pulse.
454
Leukorrhea
Leukorrhea due to deficiency of the Spleen

Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Spleen Qi and Resolve the Damp.
Point Prescription: CV-6, GB-26, BL-30, SP-6, and ST-36.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into GB-26 perpendicularly 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-6, SP-6, and ST-36 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Retain the needles for 30 minutes. Lastly, insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-30 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep, and
apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
Large amount of discharge: CV-3, SP-12
Poor appetite and loose stool: CV-12, ST-25
Leukorrhea due to deficiency of the Kidney

Treatment Principle: Warm the Kidney Yang, and Reinforce the Dai-mai and Ren-mai.
Point Prescription: CV-4, GB-26, BL-23, BL-32, and KI-6.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-26 with a twisting even movement technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles
into CV-4 and KI-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool to the handle of the needle on
CV-4 for three cones. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-23 and BL-32 perpendicularly with a lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique. Retain the needles and apply the moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
Large amount of discharge: KI-13 and KI-14.
Soreness and weakness in the low back: Yao Yan and BL-28.
Leukorrhea due to Damp-toxin

Treatment Principle: Clear the Heat and Damp; Resolve the toxin and water retention.
Point Prescription: GB-26, CV-3, SP-9, BL-34, and LV-2.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-34 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain the
needles for 5 minutes. Then, insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-26 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-3 and SP-9 along with 1 cun #30 needles into LV-2 with a twisting
Itching in the genital region: LV-5 and LV-3.
Reddish discharge: PC-5.
455
Cupping
Points: CV-8 and regions of the lower back and sacrum.
Use a fire cup on CV-8 and leave it for 2 minutes. Then use sliding fire cups on the lower back and
sacral region. Move the cup up and down along the Bladder and Governing vessel for several
minutes, until the skin turns a little red.
Points: BL-32 and Shi Qi Zhui Xia.
Use bloodletting needles on BL-32 and Shi Qi Zhui Xia, squeezing out several drops of blood and
then applying fire cups on these points immediately for 3 to 5 minutes.
Moxibustion
(For leukorrhea due to deficiency of the Kidney)
Direct moxibustion: GV-4, CV-3, and Lou Yin—an extra point located 0.5 cun below KI-6.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on Lou Yin for 9 to 11 cones and on GV-4 and CV-3 for 7
cones.
Indirect moxibustion: CV-8.
Apply indirect moxibustion with salt on CV-8 for 5 cones.
Scalp Acupuncture
For leukorrhea due to an infection:
Points: Lateral line 3 of the forehead, Lateral line 1 of the vertex, and Middle line of the vertex.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these lines with a fast twisting or withdrawing Qi needle technique.
Ear Acupuncture
For leukorrhea due to a Damp-toxin:
Points: Zi Gong, Bladder, Liver, Spleen, Kidney, Endocrine, Shen men, and Triple-warmer.
Select 3 to 4 points each treatment, inserting the points obliquely with a twisting reducing needle technique.
456
Leukorrhea
For leukorrhea due to infections: BL-32 and CV-3. (Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing)
Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-32 perpendicularly along the sacrum a whole 2 cun deep with a twisting
reducing needle technique until the sensation of the needle travels to the front of the abdomen. Apply moxa
wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert a 1.5 or 2 cun #32 needle into CV-3 with a twisting
even movement needle technique. Retain it for 20 minutes or apply moxa-pole to the side for 10 minutes.
For leukorrhea due to Damp-toxin: GB-26, CV-4, CV-6, SP-6, BL-30, and PC-5. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GB-26, CV-4, and CV-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting even
movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on
PC-5 for 11 cones. Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-30 perpendicularly, 1.5 to 2 cun deep and apply moxa
wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
For leukorrhea due to Kidney Deficiency: GV-4, CV-8, and CV-4. (Lei Jing Tu Yi)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on these three points for 11 cones each treatment.
For leukorrhea due to an infection: CV-2, LI-3, CV-4, KI-7, and ST-25. (Zhen Jiu Ji Chen)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on CV-2 for 10 cones (or moxa pole for 20 minutes) and direct non-
scarring moxibustion on ST-25 for 20 cones. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-3 and KI-7 with a twisting
reducing needle technique and a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-4 with twisting an even movement needle
technique.
For Leukorrhea due to Damp-Heat: CV-6, BL-28, CV-3, and GB-26. (Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing)
Insert 1.5 to 2 cun #30 needles into CV-6 and CV-3 perpendicularly with a twisting reducing needle
technique and 1 cun #32 needles into GB-26 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Insert 2 cun
#30 needles into BL-28 perpendicularly, 1.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique and apply
moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 4 to 5 cones.
For Leukorrhea due to a Kidney Deficiency: CV-4, SP-6, CV-6, ST-29, KI-7, Zi Gong, and CV-3. (Zhen Jiu Yan Fang Ji)
Treat once daily for 3 days. On the first day, insert a 3 cun #32 needle into CV-4 perpendicularly, 2 cun
deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique and apply moxa wool to the handle of the needle for 3
cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-6 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique.
On the second day, insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-6 and KI-7 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing
needle technique, and insert 2 cun #32 needles into ST-29 with a twisting even movement needle technique.
Apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
On the third day, insert 2 cun #30 needles into Zi Gong perpendicularly, 1.5 cun deep with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 3 cun
#32 needles into CV-3 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
After a 5-day break, repeat the same treatment.
457
For Leukorrhea due to Spleen Deficiency: BL-20, Shi Qi Zhui Xia, BL-40, SP-4, and SP-12. (Xin Zhen Zhi Yao Ge)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-20 and Shi Qi Zhui Xia perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting
and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain the needles with moxa wool on the handles of the
needles for 4 to 5 cones. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-40 with a waving needle technique. Insert 1 cun
#32 needles into SP-4 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-12 with
a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For Leukorrhea due to Damp-Heat: LI-11, GV-14, LV-3, ST-28, CV-3, LI-4, and BL-57. (Tang Shan Zhen Jiu Za Zhi)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LI-4 and LV-3 with a twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30
needles into LI-11 and ST-28 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-14 and BL-57 with a twisting even movement needle
The following treatments are from the Author’s clinical experiences.

For white leukorrhea: CV-4, SP-6, GB-26, CV-6, and SP-9.
Insert a 3 cun #30 needle into CV-4 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-6 and GB-26 with a twisting reducing needle technique.
Treat twice a week for 5 treatments as a course
For yellow leukorrhea: CV-6 and SP-9.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-6 and SP-9 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
For large quantities of leukorrhea: SP-1 and ST-36.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Apply direct
non-scarring moxibustion on SP-1 for 9 cones.
For red leukorrhea: PC-5 and SP-10.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into PC-5 and SP-10 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle
technique.
For leukorrhea from infection: LV-2 and SP-9.
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into LV-2 obliquely towards LV-3, 1 cun deep, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-
9 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Apply an electro machine on these two points, with
the negative side on SP-9 with irregular waves for 30 minutes.
458
Leukorrhea
CASE ANALYSIS
A 38 year-old female patient had a main complaint of leukorrhea for the last 3 years, with a large amount of
brown foul discharge. It was associated with a soreness and weakness in the lower back and both legs that was worse
at night, as well as cramping and bloating in the lower abdominal region, dizziness, lassitude, and poor sleep with an
itching sensation in the genital region. Her tongue was dark pale with a yellow greasy coating and the pulse was weak
and tight.
Diagnosis: Leukorrhea due to Kidney Deficiency and stagnation of the Liver.
Treatment Principle: Nourish the Kidney and Soothe the Liver; Regulate the Qi and Blood.
Point Prescription: CV-4, GB-26, LV-13, SP-6, and BL-30.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-4, GB-26, LV-13, and SP-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique and apply moxa wool on CV-4 for 3 cones. Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-30
perpendicular 2 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique and apply moxa wool to the handles of the
needles for 5 cones. Use a fire cup on BL-30 for 3 minutes after removing the needles.
Result: The symptoms were completely gone after one course of treatment.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective in treating leukorrhea due to any cause, by regulating the
function of the Dai-mai. A correct diagnosis will help to avoid misdiagnosis of other serious diseases with similar
symptoms, such as cancer. The patient should always stop sexual activities during the treatment to prevent any
possible new infection.
459
MENOPAUSE
Women often will experience different physical and emotional symptoms occurring before or after
menopause or during the experience. In modern medicine, it is called the climacteric syndrome. In TCM, menopause
is a result of the Kidney Qi declining due to age, leading to Kidney Yin and Kidney Yang Deficiency. As a result,
there are four types of main syndromes in the clinic that occur from these two roots:

Kidney Yin Deficiency causes most menopausal syndromes seen in the clinic. This is a result of long-term
Yin Deficiency, body constitution, or just getting older in age. Consequently, Kidney Water cannot go up to
harmonize the Heart Fire, causing an imbalance between Heart Fire and Kidney Water, or Kidney Water
fails in nourishing Liver Wood, causing stagnation of the Liver Qi, Liver Yin Deficiency, and/or Liver Yang
Rising.

Some menopausal patients with Kidney Yang Deficiency symptoms have a Yang deficient body constitution
or excessively consume herbs and food with a Cold nature, which results in the Ming Men Fire failing to
nourishing the Spleen and Heart Yang.
DIAGNOSIS
Liver Yang Rising (Kidney Yin Deficiency)

Symptoms include dizziness, tinnitus, paroxysms, feverishness with sweating, dysphoria with a feverish
sensation in the chest, palm, and soles, restlessness with a tendency towards anger, lassitude in the loin and
legs and an early or irregular menstrual cycle with a bright red color and menorrhagia, or scanty
menstruation. The tongue is red with very little coating and the pulse is thin and rapid.
Heart Blood Deficiency (Kidney Yin Deficiency)

Symptoms include restlessness, irritability, heart palpitations, insomnia and heavy dreaming, a feverish
sensation in the chest, palms and soles and a possible mental disorder. The tongue is red with very little
coating and the pulse is thin and rapid.
Deficiency of both the Spleen and Stomach (Kidney Yang Deficiency)

Symptoms include a pale complexion, soreness of waist, cold limbs, abdominal distention, loose stool,
edema of the face and limbs, and a profuse menstrual flow with dark and clotted blood. The tongue is pale
with tooth marks on its margin and the pulse is deep and thin.
Phlegm Stagnation (Kidney Yang Deficiency)

Symptoms include a stuffy and full sensation in the chest, hypochondriac, and epigastric area, cough with
phlegm, belching, acid regurgitation, edema, loose stool, soreness of the waist, and cold limbs. The tongue is
pale with a greasy coating and the pulse is weak and slippery.
460
Menopause
Liver Yang Rising

Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver and Subdue the rising Yang; Nourish the Kidney and Liver Yin.
Point Prescription: LV-3, KI-3, GV-20, and GB-20.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-3 and KI-3 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique and 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-20 and GB-20 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle
Restlessness: PC-7.
Hot flushes: KI-1 and KI-6.
Soreness and weakness in the waist: BL-23 and Yao Yan.

Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Heart Blood and open communication between the Heart Yang and Kidney Yin.
Point Prescription: BL-15, BL-20, BL-23, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-15, BL-20, and BL-23 with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and
apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into SP-6 perpendicularly, 0.6
cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique. Retain needles for 20 minutes.
Insomnia: HT-7 and Si Shen Cong.
Heart palpitations: PC-6 and HT-5.
Five-hearts heat: PC-8.
Abnormal mental activities: GV-26 and PC-7.
Deficiency of both the Spleen and Stomach

Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Spleen and Stomach.
Point Prescription: BL-20, BL-21, BL-23, CV-12, LV-13, and ST-36.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-20, BL-21, and BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 2 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32
needles into CV-12, LV-13, and ST-36 with a twisting even movement technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Bloated abdomen: CV-11 and CV-6.
Edema: indirect moxibustion on CV-4 and CV-9 with ginger for 5 cones.
461
Phlegm Stagnation
Treatment Principle: Regulate the Qi and Resolve stagnation of the Phlegm.
Point Prescription: CV-17, CV-12, CV-6, TW-6, ST-40, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-17 obliquely towards the abdomen at a 45-degree angle with a lifting
and thrusting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-12 and CV-6 with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique and 1 cun #30 needles into TW-6, ST-40, and SP-6 with a lifting and thrusting reducing
Acid regurgitation: GB-34 and LV-3.
Loose stool: SP-4 and ST-37.
Soreness of the waist: GV-4 and BL-28.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Ovary, Endocrine, Shen Men, Sympathetic, Sub cortex, Heart, Liver and Spleen.
Select 3 or 5 points each treatment and insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles obliquely, 0.2-0.3 cun deep at a 60-
degree angle with a fast twisting technique until the ear gets a warm sensation. Retain the needles for 30
minutes.
As a supplemental treatment along with body acupuncture, apply press balls or inter-dermal needles on 3 to
5 points each treatment and let the patient stimulate them 2 or 3 times a day. Retain for 3 days in the
summer and a week in the winter.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Lateral line 3 of the forehead, Lateral line 1 of the vertex, and Middle line of the vertex.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these zones with a fast twisting needle technique. Retain all needles for 40
minutes.
Moxibustion
Points: SP-4, LV-1, KI-6, KI-7, CV-4, Zi Gong, BL-23, GV-4, BL-32, TW-4, and SI-4.
Select 5 point each treatment, and apply direct non-scarring moxibustion or moxa pole on the points for 7
cones or 25 minutes.
Cupping
Treatment area: Urinary Bladder and Gv meridian on the back.
Apply a sliding fire-cup on the back and go up and down along the meridians for 2 to 3 minutes.
Retain the cups for 2 minutes on BL-23.
462
Menopause
For menopause with a return of delayed menstruation with profuse bleeding: ST-40 and CV-5. (Dan Xi Xin Fa)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into ST-40 perpendicularly, 0.6 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique
to stop the bleeding and into CV-5 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reducing needle technique
to stop menstruation. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For menopause with irregular menstruation, bleeding with dark clots, and a bloated abdomen: ST-25, CV-12, and CV-6.
(Yi Bu Quan Lu Dan Xi Xin Fa)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into ST-25, CV-12, and CV-6 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting
Treat once daily for 5 treatments as a course
For menopause: CV-3, SP-6, BL-23, LI-4. (Yi Xue Gang Mu)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-3 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32
needles into SP-6 and LI-4 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 20
minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-23 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique.
Apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 2 cones.
For menopause with Liver Qi attacking the Spleen: SP-6, LV-3, BL-20, and BL-18. (Zhong Yuan Yi Kan)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into BL-20 and BL-18 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all
needles for 10 minutes. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-3 obliquely upwards, 0.8 cun deep with a lifting
and thrusting reducing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into SP-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle
For menopause with Heart Blood Deficiency: SP-4, LU-7, CV-17, HT-7, and GV-20. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into Sp-4 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique and 1 cun #34 needles into LU-7 transversely, 0.5 deep at a 15-degree angle, with a twisting even
movement needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into HT-7 with a twisting reinforcing needle
technique and 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-20 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
For menopause with hot flashes and heart palpitations:
GV-14, BL-11, BL-43, BL-23, GV-4, LI-11, HT-6, KI-6, ST-36, and CV-4. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into GV-14, BL-11, BL-23, and GV-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with a
twisting and waving needle technique and 1 cun #30 needles into BL-43 transversely towards BL-44, 0.5
cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32
needles into LI-11, ST-36, and CV-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting even
movement needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into HT-6 and KI-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle
Treat twice a week, 7 treatments as a course
For menopause with edema and deficiency of the Spleen: SP-9, TW-6, CV-9, and GV-20. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needle into SP-9, TW-6, and GV-20 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Apply
indirect moxibustion with ginger on CV-9 for 6 cones. Treat twice a week, 7 treatments as a course.
463
For menopause with Liver Yang Rising: GV-20, Tai Yang, CV-4, LV-8, and KI-3. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-20 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle with a fast twisting
needle technique for 3 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into Tai Yang obliquely at a 45-degree angle
towards GB-5 with a twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into CV-4, LV-8, and
KI-3 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For menopause with Yin Deficiency and Liver Stagnation: BL-62, GV-3, BL-13, and CV-4. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-62, CV-3, and BL-13 with a rubbing needle technique. Retain all needles
for 10 minutes. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-4 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with a twisting even
movement needle technique. Retain needles for 10 minutes.
CASE ANALYSIS
A 49 year-old female patient had a main complaint of menopause with irregular menstruation for the last 2
years that was accompanied by severe headaches described as pain on the vertex, bad nausea and vomiting,
dizziness, restlessness, a tendency towards anger and insomnia. The tongue was red without a coating and the pulse
was wiry and thin.
Diagnosis: Menopause with Liver Yang Rising due to deficiency of the Kidney and Liver Yin.
Treatment Principle: Calm the Liver and Subdue the Rising Yang; Nourish the Kidney and Liver Yin.
Point Prescription: LV-3, KI-3, GV-20, GB-20, HT-7, Yin Tang, and SP-6.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-3, KI-3, and SP-6 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into HT-7 and Yin Tang with a twisting reducing needle
technique. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-20 and GB-20 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
Result: After one course of treatment, all symptoms were gone.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective for treating menopause and helping to easily cope with
menopausal symptoms, such as irregular menstruation, hot flashes, heart palpitations, irritable bowel movement, and
distressed emotional behavior. It is very important to begin treatment early as possible to adjust and regulate body
hormone levels and emotional status. Good results will be achieved from a correct TCM diagnosis, point
prescription, and needling technique. During the treatment, the patient should avoid some a poor diet and negative
emotions. Herbal therapy is recommended as a supplemental treatment to the acupuncture therapy.
464
Menoxenia—Menstrual Irregularities
465
MENOXENIA—MENSTRUAL IRREGULARITIES
Menoxenia refers to disorders of the menstrual cycle, including abnormalities in the amount, color, and
nature of the menstrual blood. In this category of disorders, the most common are early menstrual cycles, delayed
menstrual cycles, irregular menstrual cycles, menorrhagia, and scanty menstruation. This disorder is common and
affects various women of all backgrounds. Because of the various and broad nature of this disorder, many
approaches can be used to treat it, though correct diagnosis is essential.
Early menstruation:
Most early menstruation is due to Qi Deficiency and Blood Heat. The Qi fails in controlling the Blood flow while
Blood Heat induces bleeding.
Qi Deficiency
“Zhong Qi” Deficiency is usually caused by an improper food intake or excessive depletion. Negative
emotional stimulation can impact the Spleen Qi as well. Prolonged Spleen Qi Deficiency will lead to Kidney
Qi Deficiency, so labeled—Spleen and Kidney Qi Deficiency.
Blood Heat
There are two types of Heat syndromes in the clinic. They are: Excess Heat and Deficient Heat.
Excess Heat in relation to early menstruation can be caused by a long-term consumption of hot, spicy, and
greasy food, or by Liver Stagnation. When caused by improper food intake, the Heat occurs due to an
accumulation of Dampness that eventually transforms to Heat and travels to the Conception and Chong
meridians. In the case of Liver Stagnation, the stagnated Qi turns to Fire that disturbs the Sea of Blood—
pushing the Blood into the uterus.
Deficiency Heat in relation to early menstruation is usually caused by an Interior Yin Deficiency resulting
from a long-term or chronic disease, or by a heavy loss of blood that damages the Yin material inside.
Late menstruation:
Usually, there are both Excess and Deficient types of syndromes relating to late menstruation. Generally speaking,
deficiency most often refers to Yin Deficiency, Blood Deficiency, and Yang Qi Deficiency, making it difficult for
Blood to be produced. Excess types are often caused by stagnation of both Qi and Blood, or by a Cold pathogenic
infection that obstructs Blood circulation.
Blood Cold
Blood Cold refers to Blood that cannot flow well in the meridians, easily stagnating due to an invasion of
Cold after a menstrual period or labor, or from an excessive intake of frozen foods during the menstrual
period, causing Blood Stagnation in the Chong and Ren meridians.
Deficiency Cold
Yang Deficiency can occur due to body constitution or from a long-term or chronic disease. With
Deficiency of Yang, there is often failure in organ nourishment and Blood production, leading to deficiency
of the Sea of Blood.
Blood Deficiency
In this type of late menstruation, patients often have a chronic bleeding problem or a Spleen and Stomach
Deficiency, which is impacted by negative emotional stimulation or by malnutrition, or other chronic
diseases.
Qi Stagnation
Over-thinking, anger, depression, or grief will stagnate the Qi, which will obstruct the circulation of Blood
in the Chong Mai and Ren Mai.
466
Irregular menstruation:
This refers to a period that does not come at a set time, being either early or later. In TCM, it is caused by a
disharmony of the Qi and Blood.
Liver Stagnation
The Liver houses the Blood and dominates the flow of the Qi. When the Liver stagnates, it cannot adjust
the storing of Blood well, resulting in an over flow, or an over-due flow. Most of the time, this condition is
caused by severe emotional stimulation.
Kidney Deficiency
This can occur from an innate Kidney Qi Deficiency, from over-use, or getting older in age, resulting in the
inability of the Kidney Qi to adjust the Blood in the Chong and Ren meridians.
DIAGNOSIS
Early Menstruation
An early menstrual cycle usually starts 7 days earlier than normal, or even twice a month.
Excess Heat: Symptoms include a large amount of bleeding of a dark red or purple color that is thick and
sticky in quality and associated with a stuffy sensation in the chest, restlessness, a reddish complexion, a dry
mouth, scanty urination, and constipation. The tongue is red with a yellowish coating and the pulse is fast
and slippery.
Deficiency Heat: Symptoms include bleeding that is small in amount, thick and sticky with a fresh red color,
and associated with a tidal fever, night sweats, Five-Hearts Heat, and soreness and weakness in the lower
back and legs. The tongue is red with little or no coating and the pulse is thin and fast.
Heat Stagnation: In this case, the period could be with more or less amount of blood with a purple or dark
color and clots or uneven movement. It is associated with distention and a distending sensation in the chest,
breast, and hypochondriac region, a bloated painful sensation in the lower abdomen, restlessness with a
tendency towards anger, a bitter taste in the mouth, and a dry throat. The tongue is red with a thin white
coating and the pulse is wiry and fast.
Qi Deficiency: Symptoms include a large amount of bleeding of a light red color with a thin nature and is
associated with heart palpitations and shortness of breath, lassitude, poor sleep and appetite, loose stool,
and a weak and sinking sensation in the lower abdomen. The tongue is pale with a white thin coating and
the pulse is weak.
Late Menstruation
A late menstrual cycle is usually 7 days late, or even once in 40 to 50 days.
Excess Cold: This manifests as late menstruation with a small amount of bleeding of a dark or even black
color that is associated with coldness and pain in the lower abdomen that is reduced by warmth and
pressure, chilly and cold limbs, and a pale complexion. The tongue is pale with a thin white coating and the
pulse is deep and tight.
Deficiency Cold: Late menstruation of this kind has light bleeding that is thin in quality and associated with a
cramping sensation in the lower abdomen with a preference for warmth and pressure, frequent urination,
and loose stools. The tongue is pale with a white coating and the pulse is deep and slow.
Blood Deficiency: This late menstruation has little bleeding that is thin in quality and associated with a pale
complexion, dizziness and vertigo, blurry vision, heart palpitations, and poor sleep. The tongue is pale with
little or no coating and the pulse is thin and weak.
467
Qi Stagnation: This type of late menstruation is with little bleeding of dark and clotted blood that is
associated with pain and distention sensations in the lower abdomen, chest, breast, and hypochondriac
regions. The tongue is pale with a white thin coating and the pulse is wiry.
Irregular Menstruation
The menstrual cycle does not come on time and vacillates between being early or later.
Liver Stagnation: This causes irregular menstruation with more or less bleeding of a dark or purple color with
uneven movement and associated with distention in the chest, breast, and hypochondriac regions, sighing,
and belching. The tongue is swollen, and the tip and edges are red with a thin white coating and the pulse is
wiry.
Kidney Deficiency: This irregular menstruation has little bleeding that is light in color and associated with
soreness and weakness in the lower back and legs, dizziness, and ringing in the ear. The tongue is pale with a
white thin coating and the pulse is deep and weak.
Early Menstruation
Treatment Principle: Clear the Heat and Regulate menstruation.
Point Prescription: CV-4 and SP-10.
Treat 3 times a month, once during the week prior to the period, once during the period and once in the
week after the period.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 or 2 cun #30 needle into CV-4 perpendicularly, 1.2 to 1.5 cun deep with a twisting even
movement technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into SP-10 with a twisting reducing needle technique.
Excess Heat: LV-3 and LI-11.
Deficiency Heat: SP-6 and KI-2.
Stagnation Heat: LV-2 and SP-8.
Qi Deficiency: ST-36 and BL-20.
Late Menstruation
Treatment Principle: Warm the meridian and Harmonize the Blood.
Point Prescription: CV-6, KI-13, and SP-6.
Treat 4 times a month—before, during, after, and between the periods.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-6 and KI-13 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a twisting
reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32
needles into SP-6 with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
Excess Cold: ST-28 and ST-25.
Deficiency Cold: GV-4 and KI-3.
Deficiency blood: ST-36, BL-20, and BL-17.
Qi Stagnation: LV-5.
468
Irregular Menstruation
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Liver and Kidney, and Regulate the period.
Point Prescription: CV-4 and SP-6.
Technique: Insert a 1.5 or 2 cun #30 needle into CV-4 perpendicularly, 1.2 to 1.5 cun deep with a twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 to5 cones. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into
SP-6 obliquely upwards at a 60-degree angle with a lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique.
Liver Stagnation: LV-3, BL-18, and LV-14.
Kidney Deficiency: BL-23, KI-3, and KI-5.
Moxibustion
(For deficiency types of Menoxenia)
Indirect moxibustion: CV-4, Zi Gong, GV-4, and BL-32.
Apply indirect moxibustion with a Fu Zi (aconite) cake on these points for 3 cones. Treat once
every other day, starting from a week before the period, 7 treatments as a course.
Moxa-pole: CV-4, GV-4, BL-32, and SP-6.
Apply moxa-pole on CV-4 and SP-6 for 20 minutes and on GV-4 and BL-32 for 10 minutes.
Direct moxibustion: SP-3, CV-6, Zi Gong, and BL-23.
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on SP-3, CV-6, and Zi Gong for 9 cones and on BL-23 for
11 cones.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Uterus, Endocrine, Ovulation, Liver, Spleen, and Kidney.
Select 3 points each treatment, and insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles with a medium-level stimulation
technique.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Lateral line 3 of the forehead, Middle line of the vertex, and Lateral line 1 of the vertex.
Insert 1 or 1.5 cun #30 needles into these points obliquely at a 30 to 40-degree angle with a fast twisting
needle technique or insert Qi technique. Retain them for 40 minutes.
469
Pricking Technique
Points: GV-3 to GV-2.
Look for a spot that is red, dark, or black in color near this area, and then use the three-edge needle to prick
it.
Plum Blossom
Treatment area: Conception, Dai-mai, and Stomach meridians on the lower abdomen, and the Governing,
and Bladder meridians on the lower back.
Apply a medium stimulation of plum-blossom needles on these meridian areas for 3 to 5 minutes.
Treat once every other day during the period until it ends.
For irregular menstruation that is early or late: LV-2, GB-42, and ST-25. (Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing)
Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-25 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a twisting even movement
technique and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-2 and GB-42 with a twisting reducing needle technique.
Treat once every other day, starting a week before the period, 7 treatments as a course.
For irregular menstruation that comes late: CV-6, CV-3, GB-26, BL-23, and SP-6. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into CV-6, CV-3, and SP-6 perpendicularly, 0.5 to 0.8 cun deep with a twisting
even movement technique. Retain the needles for 30 minutes. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on
GB-26 for one cone. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique,
and apply moxa wool to the handles of the needles for 3 cones.
Treat once every other day starts first day of period, 7 treatments as a course.
For irregular menstruation: CV-6 and KI-6. (Lei Jin Tu Yi)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needle into CV-6 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with a lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique and 1 cun #32 needles into KI-6 with a twisting reinforcing needle technique.
Treat once every other day during the period, 5 treatments as a course.
For irregular menstruation due to Qi Stagnation: SP-8, SP-9, BL-19, and LV-2. (Bai Zhen Fu)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-2 with a twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into
SP-8 and SP-9 with a slow and fast reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Insert 1
cun #30 needles into BL-19 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
Treat once every other day starts the first day of period, 4 treatments as a course.
For irregular menstruation from Kidney Deficiency: KI-13. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on KI-14 for 9-11 cones in each treatment. Treat once a month
starting from the last day of the period, 6 treatments as a course.
470
CASE ANALYSIS
A 28 year-old female patient had a main complaint of early menstruation for 2 years. Her menstrual cycle
was usually a week early and sometimes even twice a month. She had heavy bleeding that was dark or purple in color
and thick and clotted in nature and associated with distention and bloating in the breast and chest area, a painful
sensation in the lower abdomen, a poor appetite, and insomnia with irregular bowel movements. The tongue was red
with a yellowish coating and the pulse was wiry and fast.
Diagnosis: Disharmony of the Chong Mai and Ren Mai from stagnation of Liver Qi and Interior Heat.
Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver and regulate the Chong and Ren.
Point Prescription: SP-8, SP-6, CV-4, LI-11, LV-2, BL-18, and BL-23.
Treat once every other day, starting a week before the period, for 5 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-18 and BL-23 with a twisting even movement needle technique. Retain
all needles for 10 minutes. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-8, SP-6, and LV-2 with a twisting reducing needle
technique and 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-4 and LI-11 with a lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique.
Result: After 2 courses of treatments, the period was normal. Clinical observation was kept for 3 years with the same
results.
EVALUATION
Menoxenia refers to disorders in the menstrual cycle, with abnormalities in the amount, color and nature of
menstrual blood. In this category of disorders, the most common are early menstrual cycles, delayed menstrual
cycles, and irregular menstrual cycles. The early menstrual cycle is usually caused by Heat, which could be due to
stagnation of the Liver Qi or stagnation from Heat in the uterus. The delayed menstrual cycle is usually related to
Cold, which stagnates in the uterus. Irregular menstruation is caused from deficiency conditions, such as Qi and
Blood Deficiency, Kidney Jing and Liver Blood Deficiency, or other chronic or long-term diseases.
Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective in treating Menoxenia. The point prescription is mainly
selected from the Conception and the three feet Yin meridians. Moxibustion therapy is used for both delayed and
irregular menstruation. It is best to treat a week before, after, and during the period.
471
MORNING SICKNESS
Morning sickness refers to just one of many symptoms of pregnancy. Because of the universal and general
nature of this disorder, it is important to treat it as a separate condition. The condition in which nausea, vomiting,
dizziness, anorexia, or prompt vomiting after eating appear during pregnancy is referred to as Pernicious Vomiting
(morning sickness), TCM viewing the symptoms as rebellious Stomach Qi, which is caused by the Stomach failing to
descend the Qi. Based on the differences between specific symptoms, different causes can be attributed to the
disorder.
Stomach fails in descending the Qi

During the process of pregnancy the Chong-mai Qi is much stronger than usual and rises upward to the
Stomach, as a result, the Qi causes vomiting.
Liver attacks the Stomach
Tendency to anger or other emotional stimulation make for stagnation of the Liver Qi, which turns to Heat
and attacks the Stomach causing vomiting.
Damp Stagnation
Accumulation of Dampness due to a deficient Spleen failing to transport and transform the fluids, rises up
to impact the Stomach causing vomiting.
DIAGNOSIS
Deficiency of Spleen and Stomach Qi

Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, anorexia after conception, accompanied with tastelessness or vomiting
of saliva, drowsiness, fullness and distension in the epigastric and abdominal area, a pale tongue with a white
and moist coating, and a moderate, slippery, and weak pulse.
Vomiting due to Liver Heat

Symptoms include vomiting of sour or bitter (bilious) fluid after conception, distension and pain in the
chest and hypochondriac region, eructation and sighing, distension of the head, dizziness, excessive thirst
and bitter taste, a light red tongue with a yellowish coating, and a wiry and a slippery pulse.
Vomiting due to Phlegm Stagnation

Symptoms include vomiting of phlegm and water, a stuffy sensation in the chest, shortness of breath, heart
palpitations, tastelessness, a swollen tongue body with a white greasy coating, and a slippery pulse.
472
Morning Sickness
Deficiency of Spleen and Stomach Qi

Treatment Principle: Harmonize the Stomach and Spleen, and Regulate the Qi.
Point Prescription: ST-36, CV-13, CV-12, and SP-4.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into ST-36 and SP-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into CV-12 and CV-13 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even
Loose stool: BL-20 and LI-10.
Vomiting due to Liver Heat

Principle of Treatment: Clear the Liver, Harmonize the Stomach, and Reduce the vomiting.
Point Prescription: PC-6, LV-3, CV-12, and ST-36.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into ST-36 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3 obliquely at a 30-degree angle upwards, 0.3 cun deep with twisting
reducing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into PC-6 transversely at a 15 to 30 degree angle upwards, 0.3
cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique, and a 1 cun #34 needle into CV-12 perpendicularly, 0.5
cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Dizziness: GV-20.
Chest pain CV-17.
Poor sleep: An Mian.
Vomiting due to Phlegm Stagnation

Principle of Treatment: Reinforcing the Spleen, Resolve Phlegm, and Harmonize the Stomach.
Point Prescription: SP-9, ST-40, ST-36, CV-12, and KI-21.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-9, ST-40, and ST-36 with twisting even movement needle technique.
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into CV-12 and KI-21 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
Additional point for associated symptoms:
Heart palpitation: BL-15 and PC-6.
Headache: GV-24 and GV-25.
473
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Liver Stomach, Spleen, San Jiao, and Shen Men.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles for these points obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 30 to 45 degree angle with
twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 40 minutes. Or apply press-ball on these points
and retain them for 3 to 5 days.
Scalp Acupuncture
Treatment zones: Lateral line 1 and 3 of the forehead, and the Middle line of the forehead and vertex.
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into these treatment zones 0.3 to 0.5 cun deep, obliquely towards face at a 30-
degree angle with twisting even movement needle technique. Retain all the needles for 30 minutes.
Foot Acupuncture
Points: San Jiao, Liver, and Stomach.
Apply acupressure technique on these points for 5 minutes, and apply moxa pole for another 5 minutes.

Insert 1 cun #32 needles into these areas transversely, 0.8 cun deep at a 10 to 15 degree angle without any
technique and sensation, just let the needles quite lie there fore 30 minutes.
For morning sickness due to Liver Heat: PC-6, CV-13, SP-9, and LV-3. (Zhen Jiu Xue Jian Bian)
Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into CV-13 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique, and 1 cun #34 needles into PC-6 obliquely, 0.3 cun deep at a 45-degree angle upwards with
twisting reinforcing needle technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into SP-9 and LV-3 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun
deep with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
For morning sickness with Phlegm: BL-19, BL-20, BL-13, LU-4, PC-7, and ST-36. (Zhen Jiu Xue)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-19, BL-20, and BL-13 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting
reducing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LU-4 with
twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #34 needles into PC-7 and ST-36 with twisting reinforcing
474
Morning Sickness
For morning sickness due to deficiency of the Spleen: CV-17, ST-19, CV-11, and SP-4. (Zhen Jiu Xue Shou Ce)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into CV-17 and ST-19 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique. Insert 1 cun #32 needle into CV-11 and SP-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes
For morning sickness due to deficiency: KI-1, PC-6, and GV-20. (Xin Zhen Jiu Xue)
Apply moxa pole on KI-1 for 20 minutes.
Treat once daily for 5 treatments as a course. Apply moxa pole on PC-6 and GV-20 for 20 minutes if
patient with severe vomiting.
For morning sickness with deficiency of the Qi: SP-9, ST-40, ST-36, CV-12, KI-21, and CV-17. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into SP-9, ST-40, and ST-36 with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1 cun
#32 needles into CV-12, KI-21, and CV-17 with twisting even movement needle technique.
For morning sickness due to Phlegm: ST-40, CV-12, BL-19, and LU-4. (Zhen Jiu Zi Shen Jing)
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into BL-19 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique
and remove the needles without retaining. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into ST-40, CV-12, and LU-4 with
For morning sickness due to deficient fire of the Stomach: LI-4, CV-24, LI-1, and PC-6. (Zhen Jiu Chu Fang Ji Jing)
Insert 1 cun #34 needles into LI-4 and PC-6 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting reducing needle
technique, and 1 cun #34 needles into CV-24 and LI-1 perpendicularly, 0.2 cun deep with twisting even
For morning sickness due to Stomach Yin Deficiency: KI-3, LV-3, ST-36, CV-17, BL-21, and BL-17. (Yi Xue Ren Men)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-17 and BL-21 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes. Insert 1 cun #32 needle into CV-17 obliquely, 0.8 cun
deep at a 45-degree angle towards CV-18 with twisting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #34 needles
into KI-3, LV-3, and ST-36 with twisting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes.
For morning sickness due to Liver Heat: LV-2, CV-12, GV-20, and GB-34. (Zhen Jiu Za Zhi)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into LV-2 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique,
and 1 cun #34 needles into CV-12 and GB-34 with lifting and thrusting reducing needle technique. Insert a
1 cun #32 needle into GV-20 transversely, 0.8 cun deep towards GV-19 at a 30-degree angle with lifting Qi
For morning sickness with stagnation of Qi: PC-6, SP-4, and GB-15. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 2 cones. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into PC-6
transversely towards PC-5 at a 30-degree angle with twisting even movement needle technique, and 1 cun
#32 needles into GB-15 transversely downwards, 0.3 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
475
For morning sickness due to stagnation of Damp: PC-6, SP-4, BL-22, BL-14, and BL-20. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-20, BL-14, and BL-22 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with waving
technique for 3 minutes and remove all the needles without retaining them. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into
SP-4 and PC-6 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique.
For morning sickness due to rebellious Stomach Qi: ST-44, LV-2, GB-44, CV-12, and SP-9. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into CV-12 and SP-9 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement
needle technique. Insert 1 cun #34 needles into ST-44, LV-2, and GB-44 perpendicularly, 0.3 cun deep with
CASE ANALYSIS
A 30 year-old female with the main complaint of morning sickness for 2 weeks sought treatment with
acupuncture. Her complaint was associated with a pale complexion, dizziness, vomiting of the phlegm and water, a
stuffy sensation in the chest, poor appetite, and tastelessness. The tongue was swollen with a white greasy coating,
and the pulse was slippery.
Diagnosis: Conception vomiting.
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Spleen, Harmonize the Stomach, and Resolve Phlegm.
Point Prescription: LV-3, ST-40, and PC-6.
Treat once every three days for 3 treatments as a course.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #34 needles into ST-40 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle
technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-3 and PC-6 with twisting even movement needle technique.
Result: After retaining the needles for 10 minutes, the vomiting sensation was reduced and she felts a little hungry,
and all the other symptoms were reduced. All the symptoms were resolved after three treatments.
EVALUATION
Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective for treating morning sickness symptoms. Correct point
selection and needle technique are the key points of treatment to prevent hurting the Interior Qi, which is needed
during the pregnancy. It is better to select less than 5 points in each treatment with a superficial insertion and gentle
needle technique. The best treatment time is in the morning between 7 and 11 o’clock, the time of Yang Ming and
Tai Yin meridian Qi flow, which means acupuncture will more easily adjust the Stomach and Spleen Qi. During the
treatments the patient should avoid intake of hot food. Advise them to take room temperature to cool temperature
food and drink.
476
Premenstual Tension Syndrome
477
PREMENSTRUAL TENSION SYNDROME

Premenstrual tension syndrome includes a series of symptoms such as distending pain in the breasts,
headache and dizziness, restlessness and insomnia, distention in the chest and hypochondriac region, edema,
diarrhea, restless sleep and general emotional changes, which appears before or during menstruation.
Liver Stagnation
Long term unhealthy emotional stimulation impacts Liver causing the Liver to fail in controlling the flow of
Qi and the housing of the Blood.
Kidney Deficiency
Over work or excessive sexual drive makes the Kidney Qi and Jing-Essence deficient, which in tern fails to
nourish the Chong and Ren meridians, as well as the uterus.
Yang and Qi Deficiency

Cold body constitutions or improper food intake hurt the Yang Qi inside the body, and as a result the
menstruation will become stuck and hard to move.
Blood Stagnation
Stagnation of Blood will impact circulation in the meridians and uterus, causing pain and tenderness all the
time.
Water retention
Spleen and Lung Deficiency can cause failure in the metabolism of the water, particularly retention of water
in the meridians and the uterus causing PMS.
Internal Heat
Yang body constitutions, or over eating some hot, spicy, or greasy food causes accumulation of Dampness
that can turn to Heat, which will damage the Blood Luo meridian causing bleeding symptoms during period.
Blood Deficiency
General body Qi and Blood Deficiency cannot fill up the uterus before the period, resulting in stagnation,
tenderness, and nausea or sometimes bad emotions.
478
DIAGNOSIS
Liver Qi Stagnation
Symptoms include distention and fullness in the breasts, dizziness, headache, distending pain in the lower
abdomen or chest and hypochondriac area, belching, sighing, restlessness, tendency for anger, depression
and stress, even insomnia. The tongue is red on the tip and edges, with a thin white coating and the pulse is
wiry.

The main symptom in this category is breast distention during or after the period. It is associated with sore
and weakness in the low back and both knees, dry eyes, dry throat and mouth, five hearts heat, low grade
fever, and in some cases there is slight bleeding from the nose, and possible ulcer at the corner of the
mouth. The tongue is red without a coating and the pulse is thin and fast.
Blood Heat
The main symptoms include a reddish complexion and lips, and hot sensations in the whole body before or
during the period. Associated signs are restlessness, a tendency for anger, dry mouth, thirst, dry itchy skin,
yellowish or scanty urination, and constipation. The tongue is red with a thin yellow coating and the pulse is
slippery and fast.
Qi Deficiency
Symptoms include chills with slight fever, spontaneous sweating, fatigue, low spirits, shortness or breath, no
energy to talk, bloated abdomen, and loose stool. The tongue is pale with a thin white coating and the pulse
is thin and weak.

Symptoms including low-grade fever, achy joints and pain reduced by warmth, low abdominal pain,
stuffiness in the chest, epigastric, and hypochondriac region, and a heavy and swollen sensation in the whole
body. The tongue is dark or black with purple dots and the pulse is deep, wiry, or choppy.
Blood Deficiency
Symptoms include heart palpitations, headache, dizziness, poor sleep, restlessness, lack of vitality with
asthenia, numbness in the body and four extremities, or itching of the skin, excessive thin clear leukorrhea,
and a scanty period with a light red color and thin quality. The tongue is pale with a thin white coat and
pulse is thin and weak.
Insufficient Yang of both the Kidney and Spleen

Symptoms include edema in the face and limbs, dizziness and vertigo, tinnitus, bodily languor, drowsiness,
loss of appetite, loose stool, abdominal distention, lassitude in the loins and legs, a light colored blood
during the period with a thin quality. The tongue is swollen with teeth marks on its margin, white, and with
moist coating, accompanied by a deep and slow pulse.
Phlegm Stagnation with Heat

Symptoms include headache, insomnia—possibly even with a mental disorder, restlessness, stuffiness in the
chest, irritability, bitter taste in the mouth, and hot flushes or fever. The tongue is red with a thick yellow
coating and the pulse is slippery and fast.
479
Liver Qi Stagnation
Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver and Regulate the Cong and Ren meridians.
Point Prescription: CV-4, LV-13, GV-20, SP-4, LV-3, and SP-9.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-4 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique, and apply moxa wool to the handle of the needle for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-13, LV-3,
and SP-4 with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into GV-20 and SP-9 with lifting and
Breast tenderness: TW-6 and SI-4.
Tendency for anger: LV-3 and LI-4.
Insomnia: An Mian and HT-7.

Treatment Principle: Reinforce Kidney and Liver Yin and Regulate menstruation.
Point Prescription: KI-3, LV-3, BL-18, BL-23, CV-4, SP-6, and GV-14.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-18, BL-23, and GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting
reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into LV-3, KI-3, and SP-6
with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-4 with twisting even movement needle
Breast tenderness: TW-5 and ST-44.
Dry mouth: KI-6 and CV-24.
Bleeding: SP-1 with direct non-scarring moxibustion for 9 cones.
Blood Heat
Treatment Principle: Cool the Blood and Regulate the Cong and Ren meridians.
Point Prescription: LV-2, LI-11, SP-9, CV-3, BL-17, and GV-14.
Treat once every other day 5 treatments as a course starts a week before the period.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-17 and GV-14 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reducing
needle technique. Retain all needles for 5 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-3, SP-9, and LI-11 with lifting
and thrusting reducing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into LV-2 with twisting reducing needle technique.
Hot flushes: KI-1 and HT-6.
480
Qi Deficiency
Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Qi and Regulate menstruation.
Point Prescription: SP-6, CV-6, CV-17, ST-36, BL-24, and BL-21.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-24 and BL-21 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting
reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool to the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32
needles into SP-6, CV-17, and ST-36 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and
1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-6 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique,
applying moxa wool to the handle of the needle for 3 cones.
Shortness of breath: LU-5 and BL-13.
Spontaneous sweat: BL-43 and CV-14.

Treatment Principle: Resolve the Blood Stagnation and Regulate menstruation.
Point Prescription: CV-4, SP-10, ST-28, LI-11, BL-17, BL-20, and Shi Qi Zhui Xia.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into CV-4 and ST-28 perpendicularly, 1 to 1.2 cun deep with twisting even
movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-10 and LI-11 with lifting and thrusting reducing
needle technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-17 and BL-20 perpendicularly,
0.8 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique and retain the needles for 5 minutes. Apply a fire cup
on Shi Qi Zhui Xia for 3 minutes.
Severe pain: LI-4 and SP-6.
Breast tenderness: ST-12 and LV-3.
Blood Deficiency
Treatment Principle: Reinforce Blood and Harmonize the Cong and Ren meridians.
Point Prescription: SP-6, CV-4, ST-36, BL-17, BL-18, BL-20, and BL-23.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-17, BL-18, BL-20, and BL-23 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with
twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 2 cones each. Insert 1.5
cun #32 needles into CV-4 and SP-6 with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle
of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into ST-36 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle
technique.
Dizziness and vertigo: GV-20 and Yin Tang.
Insomnia: HT-7 and PC-3.
Numbness limbs: LV-13 and GB-34.
481
Insufficient Yang of both the Kidney and Spleen

Treatment Principle: Warm the Kidney and Spleen Yang, and Regulate menstruation.
Point Prescription: CV-4, GV-4, LV-13, and SP-4.
Technique: Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on GV-4 for 11 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-4
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the
handle of the needle for 5 cones. Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-13 and SP-4 for 9 cones.
Edema: indirect moxibustion on CV-9 with ginger for 5 cones.
Loose stool: ST-25 ST-37
Phlegm Stagnation with Heat

Treatment Principle: Reinforce the Spleen, Resolve Phlegm, Calm the mind, and Regulate the Chong and Ren-mai.
Point Prescription: SP-6, CV-3, CV-15, LU-5, PC-5, BL-15, BL-20, and GV-14.
Treat once every other day for 5 treatments as a course starts a week before the period.
Technique: Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-6 obliquely at a 60-degree angle upward, 1 cun deep with twisting
reducing needle technique, and a 3 cun #32 needle into CV-3 with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert 1.5 cun
#32 needles into LU-5, PC-5, and CV-15 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle
technique. Retain all needles for 20 minutes. Insert a 1.5 cun #30 needle into GV-14 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep
with rubbing needle technique (rub the needle count-clockwise) until the sensation of the needle travels. Insert 1 cun
#32 needles into BL-15 and BL-20 with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique. Retain all needles for 10
minutes. Apply a fire cup on GV-14 for 3 minutes after taking out the needle.
Headache: GV-21, GV-23, and GB-20.
Mental disorder: LI-4, GV-20, and GV-26.
Ear Acupuncture
Points: Shen Men, Endocrine, Sub cortex, Liver, Heart and Uterus.
Insert 0.5 cun #32 ear needles into these points obliquely at a 45-degree angle, 0.3 cun deep with fast
Treat once every other day for 5 treatments as a course starts a week before period.
Scalp Acupuncture
Points: Middle line and Lateral line 3 of the forehead, and Middle line of vertex.
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into these lines transversely at a 30-degree angle, 1 cun deep with fast twisting
482

Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into these areas transversely, 1.2 cun deep without any sensation and any needle
technique. Adjust it if the patient feels any sensation, until no sensation is felt. Retain all needles for 40
minutes.
Treat once every other day for 5 treatments as a course starts a week before period.
Cupping
Treatment area: Back and ST-25.
Apply moving cup on back, moves up and down along Bladder meridian from BL-27 to BL-33 for 5
minutes. Apply fire cups on ST-25 for 3 minutes.
Treat twice a week for 3 treatments as a course starts the first day of symptoms appears.
Moxibustion
(For Deficiency of Yang, Qi, and water retention during PMS)
Direct moxibustion
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on SP-4, LV-1, and LV-13 for 9 cones.
Indirect moxibustion with ginger or Fu Zi (aconite) cake
Apply indirect moxibustion with ginger or Fu Zi cake on GV-4, BL-23, BL-33, and CV-6 for 5
cones. Treat once every other day for 5 treatments as a course.
Moxa pole
Apply moxa pole on GV-20 and CV-4 for 25 minutes.
Treat once daily during the PMS until symptoms gone.
Plum Blossom
Treatment area: SP-6, GV-20, and the Back.
Apply medium-level stimulation of plum blossom needle technique on SP-6 and GV-20 for 5 minutes, and
on the back follow the GV and BL line up and down from GV-14 to GV-7 and BL-11 to BL-17 for 5
minutes.
Treat twice a week for 5 treatments as a course starts a week before period.
Bloodletting
(For Blood Heat type of PMS)
Point Prescription: PC-3, BL-40, and GV-3.
Look for tiny purple veins near the PC-3, BL-40, and GV-3 area, applying bloodletting technique there.
Treat once a week for 2 treatments as a course starts a week before period.
483
For PMS with deficiency symptoms: CV-9, SP-6, BL-43, and CV-4. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Apply moxibustion with ginger on CV-4 for 3 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into CV-9 and SP-6
perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the
handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into BL-43 with the Qi Ci needle technique—
one needle in the middle and another two needles on either side. Apply moxa pole on the side of the
For PMS due to stagnation of the Qi: CV-17, PC-6, and SP-4. (Nan Jing)
Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-17 obliquely at a 60-degree angle downwards, 1 cun deep with twisting
even movement technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into PC-6 and SP-4 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with
For PMS due to Qi and Blood Stagnation: CV-12 and SP-10. (Bai Zhen Fu)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-10 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with the Bai Hu Yao Tou—White Tiger
shakes its head technique. Apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert a 1.5 cun #32
needle into CV-12 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique.
For PMS due to insufficiency of Kidney and Liver: Bai Lao, BL-23, and CV-4. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles in to Bao Lao perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #30 needles
into BL-23 with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles
for 3 cones. Insert a 3 cun #32 needle into CV-4 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needle for 5 cones.
For PMS due to stagnation of Qi and Damp: KI-1, GV-20, and CV-3. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-1 perpendicularly, 0.8 cun deep towards LV-3 with twisting reinforcing
needle technique, and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needle for 3 cones. Insert a 3 cun #32 needle
into CV-3 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique, and a 1 cun #30 needle into
GV-20 with the lifting Qi technique. Retain all needles for 30 minutes.
Treat twice a week for 5 treatments as a course starts a week before the period.
For PMS due to deficiency of Kidney and Spleen: BL-11, BL-42, BL-23, and SP-8. (Zhen Jiu Da Quan)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into SP-8 with twisting reducing needle technique, and take out the needles after
the sensation of the needles travels. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-11 and BL-23 perpendicularly, 1 cun
deep with lifting and thrusting reinforcing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into BL-42 obliquely at
a 45-degree angle, towards the BL-43 direction, 0.5 cun deep with waving technique. Apply moxa wool on
BL-11 and BL-23 for 3 cones.
For PMS with mental problems: LI-4, LI-11, SP-6, and GV-26. (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-11 perpendicularly, 1.2 cun deep with twisting, lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique. Insert a 1 cun #32 needle into GV-26 obliquely at a 60-degree angle upwards,
0.3 to 0.5 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into LI-4 and
SP-6 with twisting reducing needle technique. Apply the needle technique every 5 minutes during the 40
minutes of treatment.
Treat once every other day for 3 treatments as a course starts the first day symptoms appears.
484
For PMS due to stagnation of Qi and Phlegm: CV-5, TW-5, and LV-1. (Zhen Jiu Ru Men)
Apply direct non-scarring moxibustion on LV-1 for 9 cones. Insert 1.5 cun #32 needle into CV-5 with
twisting reducing needle technique, and 1.5 cun #30 needles into TW-5 with lifting and thrusting reducing
For PMS with Interior Deficiency Heat: BL-23, GV-9, KI-2, and HT-6. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 1.5 cun #30 needles into GV-9 perpendicularly, 1 cun deep with rubbing technique (twist the needle
counter clockwise), and then insert 1.5 cun #32 needles into BL-23 with a twisting even movement needle
technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes. Insert 1 cun #32 needles into KI-2 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun
deep with twisting reinforcing needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into HT-6 with twisting reducing
For PMS due to Blood Stagnation: BL-32, BL-17, BL-18, BL-63, SP-6, ST-28, and TW-5. (Author’s Clinical Experience)
Insert 3 cun #30 needles into BL-32 perpendicularly, 2 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique,
and apply moxa wool on the handle of the needles for 3 cones. Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-17, BL-18,
and BL-63 with twisting even movement technique. Retain all needles for 10 minutes. Insert 1.5 cun #30
needles into SP-6 obliquely, 1 cun deep at a 60-degree angle upwards with the Bai Hu Yao Tou—White
Tiger shakes its head technique, and 1.5 cun #32 needles into TW-5 and ST-28 with twisting even
CASE ANALYSIS
A 30-year-old female patient presented with a main complaint of PMS for 3 years. One week before every
period, she felt cramping and a bloating sensation in low abdomen. Symptoms associated with her complaint were a
tendency for anger, sighing, distention and a distending sensation in the breast, chest, and hypochondriac region,
poor appetite, loose stool, a slight headache, and dizziness. All symptoms would be reduced when the period came,
which was dark in color and thick in quality with black clots. The tongue was red with a thin yellow coating and the
pulse was wiry.
Diagnosis: PMS due to stagnation of Liver Qi.
Treatment Principle: Soothe the Liver, Regulate the Qi, and Resolve the stagnation.
Point Prescription: ST-28, SP-6, LV-3, LV-13, GV-20, BL-13, and BL-18.
Treat twice a week for 5 treatments as a course start the symptoms appears.
Technique: Insert 1 cun #30 needles into BL-13 and BL-18 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with lifting and thrusting
reducing needle technique, and retain all the needles for 10 minutes. Insert 2 cun #32 needles into ST-28
perpendicularly, 1.5 cun deep with twisting even movement needle technique, and 1 cun #32 needles into SP-6, LV-
3, and LV-13 perpendicularly, 0.5 cun deep with twisting reducing needle technique. Insert a 1.5 cun #32 needle into
GV-20 transversely, 1 cun deep at a 30-degree angle backwards, with a fast twisting needle technique.
Result: The symptoms reduced after 2 treatments, and she had a peaceful period during the first course of treatment.
All symptoms resolved after 3 courses—three months, because the treatment started the first day the symptoms
appear.
485
EVALUATION
In Traditional Chinese Medicine, there is no PMS chapter in an acupuncture book. This is thought of as a
combination syndrome occurring before, during, and after the menstruation, such as dysmenorrhea, irregular
bleeding, edema, headache, and Qi stagnation. Acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective in the treatment of
any type of PMS by a correct diagnosis and point selection, as well an effective needle technique. The patient should
avoid emotional stimulation, stop alcohol, cigarette, and hot spicy food intake during treatment. Relaxed exercises
and good sleep will help during the treatment as well.
486
487
SECTION THREE
Technique Reference
488
Needle Control: Accidents in the Clinic
489
CHAPTER I: TRADITIONAL NEEDLE TECHNIQUE
NEEDLE CONTROL: ACCIDENTS IN THE CLINIC

Generally speaking, acupuncture is a very safe and effective treatment method when the practitioner makes
appropriate selection of point, size of needle, and needle technique. But sometimes in special cases, when the
practitioner does not pay enough attention to the patient and technique, accidents involving the needle may occur.
This chapter is dedicated to discussing some common accidents that occur in the clinic. By explaining the nature and
treatment of these accidental problems, it is hoped that this chapter will serve as a way of preventing such accidents.
Fainting
Problem:
The first sign of fainting usually occurs during the acupuncture treatment. The patient suddenly may feel dizzy and
experience vertigo, blurry vision, heart palpitations and shortness of breath. Also secondary symptoms may include
cold spontaneous sweating, and stuffy sensation in the chest, nausea or vomiting, and a hidden pulse. In some severe
cases, the patient may even feel extremely cold on the four extremities. The patient may faint, experience loss of
muscle control in extremities, or loss of control of bowl movement and urination.
Causes:
When the patient suffers from Qi deficiency syndromes such as symptoms of severe of pain, exhaustion, hunger and
profuse sweating, large amounts of bleeding or frequent diarrhea, they may be the most susceptible to fainting
during acupuncture treatment. Another possible cause may be attributed to patients who are in improper positions
during treatment and those patients who are very fearful of needles.
Treatment:
First stop needle insertion immediately and take out all of the needles. Release the clothes and let patient lie down on
the treatment table with support under the legs to promote circulation to the brain. Another method is to let patient
drink a cup of warm water, making most of the light symptoms gone after 3-5 minutes. Occasionally, moxibustion is
a very effective tool. Apply moxa-pole on the GV-20 PC-6 ST-36 and KI-1 for 5-6 minutes and main symptoms of
dizziness and vertigo should disappear. If the patient is already unconscious, use the points GV-26, PC-6, KI-1 and
ST-36 with lifting and thrusting and twisting reducing needle technique to awake the patient. If this does not work
within 5 minutes of treatment, send the patient the to emergency room immediately.
Prevention:
The practitioner should pay more attention to the patient’s physical body constitution, emotional activity, and their
response to needle stimulation. Particularly for patients whom are new to acupuncture, the clinician must first
describe in detail to the patient the expected sensations during the treatment. Usually it is better to let them lie down
and relax for a few minutes before acupuncture therapy. Do not select too many points in each treatment and avoid
strong stimulation in same sensitive points such as LI-4 and PC-6 when treating weakness or stagnation of Qi. It is
always recommended for patient to have some energy before treatment. Therefore patients should arrive at the clinic
with some food in their stomachs. During the acupuncture treatment, the practitioner should also keep watching the
patient’s reactions to know the pre-fainting symptoms such as pale complexion, lassitude, stuffy chest, nausea,
dizziness and vertigo, or a pulse of increasing speed. If the patient has those pre-symptoms one should stop
treatment as soon as possible.
The Nei Jing chapter Wu Jing explains, “never treat patients when they are in extreme deficiency, never treat
patients after heavy bleeding, never treat patients after profuse sweating, and never treat a patient after severe
diarrhea.” Also in the Zhong Shi chapter of the Ling Shu it states “never treat drunken patients, never treat angry
patients, never treat an over-tired person, never treat immediately after a meal, never treat hungry patients, never
treat thirsty patients, and never treat people who are very frightened.”
490
Stuck Needle
Problem:
This occurs when the needle is stuck in the patient and it is hard to move via lifting or thrusting.
Cause:
This problem is usually caused by involuntary muscle contractions or spasms. This involuntarily muscle reflex may
be caused by improper needle technique, uneven movement of finger force when moving the needle, sudden
unexpected movement of the patient during treatment, or due to the patient being overly tense.
Treatment:
Most of the times the patient just needs to change back to the original position when the needle was first inserted
and where it caused the spasm. To resolve the stagnation of the Qi, press on the side of the point where the needle
is stuck until it releases. Another technique is to insert one more needle beside the stuck needle, and take out the
stuck needle. If needles are tightly stuck in some point and hard to move, it is better to apply moxa-pole on the side
of needle for 15-20 minutes help to move the stagnation of the Qi and then take the needle out.
Prevention:
Because most stuck needles are caused by the patient being overly tense, it is important to provide a good
explanation of acupuncture before beginning the treatment in order to relax the patient. Explain the sensation of the
needle, and how they can co-operate during the treatment when the needle is in the body. For example, when
needling some points that are close to tendons and ligaments, either do not use too strong needle stimulation
techniques or allow the patient to move the limbs during the retention of the needle. In some severe pain cases, be
careful to use reducing needle technique and particularly pay more attention when applying rubbing or waving
needle techniques.
Broken Needle
Problem:
Most needle breaks occur after withdrawing the wrong way or due to wrong performance of needle manipulation
techniques.
Causes:
Low quality one-time use needles are the most common cause of broken needles. It often occurs when the
practitioner does not check the needle before treatment, or during the treatment applies improper needle technique
that causes strong muscle contraction. Another factor may be the retention of the needle when the patient changes
the position of limbs, which can cause pain, and spasm of muscles leading to a broken needle. Low quality electro-
acupuncture machines are another common cause of broken needles. Low quality machines will suddenly increase
the output of current causing the muscle to spasm tightly.
Treatment:
Explain to the patient that they should not to move their body and limbs during the retention of the needle. In the
case of a broken needle, take it out with forceps carefully. If the needle cannot be seen on the surface of body, the
patient should go to the emergency room and check it under an X-ray.
Prevention:
Carefully check every needle before insertion. Select a suitable needle before treatment, meaning a needle in length
that will ensure that 0.5 cm will be retained out of the body. Do not insert the entire needle into body during the
treatment. For example, when the treatment calls for a one cun insertion, it is better to select a 1.5 cun needle and
keep 0.5 cun outside of the body. When the needle is bent or stuck in the point, remove and do not re-use it again.
The practitioner must also carefully check the electro-acupuncture machine before using it. Turn the knob to 0
before application, and during the treatment carefully watch the output of current, do not increase immediately. Stop
use if the patient has a muscle spasm or severe pain from the stimulation.
491
Hematoma
Problem:
It is common to find small or large purple Hematoma appearing on the local treatment area after acupuncture
treatment if the practitioner is not careful with their needle technique.
Causes:
This problem is usually caused by the damage of small blood vessels by the needle during the treatment. It happens
most frequently when the practitioner does not check to make sure the point location is correct or due to use of low
quality needles, possibly with hook-like deformity on the tip of the needle.
Treatment:
General speaking, a small area of bleeding does not require treatment. It usually will resolve after a few days or after
massaging the local area. In some severe cases, when the patient has large, swollen, and sometimes pain that limits
the joint movements, apply an ice pack on the local area within 24 hours, and then apply a hot patch after 24 hours
to help absorb the Blood stasis.
Prevention:
Clinicians should carefully check all needles before insertion and get rid of needles with hook-like deformities on the
tip. Also, do not use strong stimulation in points, which are close to blood vessels, such as BL-1, PC-3, and LU-5.
The practitioner should also be familiar with anatomic structure, moving the needle gently and avoiding strong
lifting and thrusting techniques. Also be sure to watch for the floating veins on the surface of skin in order to avoid
them. It is important to press a while during and after removal of the needle with Q-tips or cotton swabs.
Discomfort after treatment

Problem:
Patient has sensations of discomfort after needle therapy such as: soreness, heaviness, numbness and pain in muscle
tissue.
Causes:
Retaining the needle for an extensive amount of time is the most common cause of this problem. The application
of improper needle technique to sensitive points is another common cause.
Treatment:
Massage will help a lot after treatment, particularly for local discomfort of certain points. For some severe cases one
may apply needle or acupressure technique on the extra point “Wai Lao Gong” (located on the other side of palm
from PC-8) for the sensation on the upper extremities, or on the LV-3 for the sensation on the lower extremities.
When the discomfort sensation is in the body and head, it is better apply moxa pole on the local area for 15 minutes
in order to move the stagnation of the Qi and Blood to release the discomfort sensation.
Prevention:
Do not apply strong needle technique when the patient has a deficiency condition. Do not insert the needle too
deep. Apply the open and close acupuncture hole technique when finishing treatment and massage a while for most
deficiency cases. Do not retain the needle too long. Generally, it is better to only retain the needle for 10 to 15
minutes.
Injured Lung: Traumatic pneumothorax

Problem:
During or after acupuncture treatment some patients may feel chest pain, stuffy sensations, heart palpitations, and
shortness of breath. In some severe cases patient will have difficulty breathing, the heartbeat will increase, the lips
might turn purple, and the patient may even experience shock. X-ray will show a clear diagnosis for traumatic
pneumothorax.
492
Causes:
A practitioner who does not pay attention to the angle and depth of the needle in the points that reside in upper
back or front of the chest usually causes this problem. Sometimes it will occur during the retention of the needle in
the upper back, where the needle inside injures the lung automatically with the movement of the breath.
Treatment:
Most of the light symptoms of pneumothorax do not need to be treated unless the ruptured lung is more than 30%
pressed by air. This lung pressure can be determined through chest x-rays. However to ensure the safety of the
patient, a chest x-ray should be taken immediately in the emergency room after a patient is suspected of suffering
from a pneumothorax due to acupuncture treatment.
Prevention:
The practitioner must understand the patient’s disease well and pay more attention on the depth and angle of the
needle insertion. It is usually better to apply oblique and transverse insertions instead of perpendicular insertions on
the upper back points. Do not retain the needle perpendicular in upper back points and chest points over 10
minutes. To understand and distinguish the difference between traumatic pneumothorax and automatic
pneumothorax, and to avoid stimulating the points in patients with automatic pneumothorax history due to chronic
asthma and bronchitis, is the crucial key in avoiding this common problem.
Injury of other organs

Problem:
During treatment it is possible that the needle may injure the liver or the spleen. In such cases the patient feels
bloating and radiating, traveling pain in the abdominal area that may also reflect to the upper back. Abdominal
muscle spasm and rebound pain appears when patient have a large amount of bleeding. Low back pain sensations
and knocking pain on the low back region after acupuncture treatment is mostly due to injury to the kidneys. In
those patients urinal bleeding will be found in those patients. Severe internal organ bleeding by needle injury will also
decrease the blood pressure and cause shock.
Causes:
This problem is commonly caused by practitioners who do not understand the patient’s body well, particularly when
they have swollen organs due to certain illnesses. If the clinicians apply improper needle technique in some point
that is too close to the organs, for example, needling BL-52 to treat low back pain. That point just above the kidney
and if needled over 1.5 cun deep, the needle will definitely insert into kidney causing bleeding in the urine and local
tissues.
Sometime injury will occur during the retention of the needle as well. Occasionally when an organ moves up and
down due to breathing, the tip of needle may scratch the organ.
Treatment:
Most of the time light bleeding does not need treatment. The symptoms will resolve after the first initial 48 hours, if
the patient has good periods of rest. But in severe bleeding cases when the patient suffers from severe pain and
bloating after treatment, one must send them to the emergency room as soon as possible.
Prevention:
Detailed examination of the patient is necessary before treatment. The clinician must understand if patient has a
swollen liver or other organs with some disease. Practitioners must control the needle in safe depth, particularly
when the point is near some important organs. Also avoid strong lifting and thrusting and twisting needle technique
in those areas. When retaining the needle, it be should kept in a safe depth, particularly for the points close to
organs.
493
Injured brain and spinal cord

Problem:
During or after treatment, the patient suddenly experiences severe shooting and radiating sensations associated with
severe headache, nausea, projecting vomit, even loss of consciousness in some severe cases.
Causes:
The practitioner did not understand anatomic structure, and applied improper needle technique in some point too
close to the brain and/or spinal cord, such as CV-16, GB-20, or GV-14. It is also possible that the practitioner did
not pay enough attention to the angle and depth of needle as well.
Treatment:
Light symptoms will resolve after rest, and if the patient has severe headache and severe vomiting, they should be
sent to the emergency room as soon as possible.
Prevention:
One must understand anatomic structure well, and apply proper needle technique. Do not needle too deep and with
too strong lifting and thrusting needle technique in points that are close to the brain and spinal cord. Take the needle
out if the patient has some radiating pain and/or shooting sensation during treatment of points close to the brain or
spinal cord.
Injured Nerves
Problem:
Patients may feel numbness and a radiating sensation during or after treatment, and in some severe cases, severe
shooting pain or burning sensations will appear after treatment, or myoatrophy, muscle contraction, and spasm in
local nervous distribution area.
Causes:
The practitioner didn’t apply proper needle technique on points located on nerves or close to nerves, or used a
strong needle technique, moving the needle to try to get Qi sensation during the treatment. Sometimes it is also
caused by strong electro-stimulation when needle is on the nerves.
Treatment:
Light symptoms only require massage for recovery. When patient has severe shooting pain with burning sensations
or numbness, one should apply moxa pole on the local area for 20-30 minutes, treating once every day, for 5-6
treatments as a course. If the patient has myoatrophy or spasm, one should treat as thou the patient had paralysis
(treat as Jing syndrome or Wei syndrome)
Prevention:
Before beginning the treatment, inquire about any neurological diseases, and massage the point before inserting the
needle. The practitioner must also pay more attention to the depth and angle of needle particularly with points near
the spinal column and near distribution areas along the course of nerves. For example: BL-24, BL-54, GB-30, and
GB-34. Do not apply strong reinforcing and reducing needle technique on points close to the nerves such as in PC-6
and LI-10 as well. Remember to change the needle depth and angle if the patient complains of numbness or
shooting sensations during electro-acupuncture treatment, or reduce the volume of output.
494
Needle Manipulation Techniques
495
NEEDLE MANIPULATION TECHNIQUES

In this section of the book the goal is to explain and demonstrate basic techniques of using acupuncture
needles in the safest and most effective way possible. Starting with the most basic of movements, the acupuncturist
will eventually acquire much more in depth techniques of treatment. Each technique of manipulating the needle will
be explained in terms of its Effect, Clinical Applications, and the actual Technique itself.
Fundamental Needling Technique: Basic Manipulations
Twisting
Twisting the needle is one of the basic techniques to get the Qi flow. This technique can be used on all the
points of the body. The basic method involves inserting the needle to a certain depth depending on the disease and
twisting the needle back and forth gently, waiting for Qi. It can be applied with large or small amplitude accordingly,
or one can rub the needle in one direction aggressively in order to obtain the Qi.
Effect: Moving the needle to obtain Qi.
Clinical Applications: The technique serves as a basis for further manipulation.
Technique: The handle of the needle is grasped by the thumb, index, and middle fingers and rotated evenly back
and forth.
Lifting and Thrusting

This is another basic technique to obtain the Qi that can be used on most parts of the body, particularly for
some points located near muscles. Compared with the twisting technique, this is a little bit more aggressive, changing
the angle and depth of the needle from time to time looking for the Qi. For some problems this technique will
combine with twisting together, for example, when patients suffer from some paralysis problems or have very weak
Qi.
Effect: Moving the needle to obtain Qi.
Clinical Applications: Basis for further manipulation.
Technique: The needle is moved in an up and down motion in the point.
Fundamental Needling Technique: Supplemental Manipulation Methods
Following (Xun Fa)

This technique can be used on most parts of the body, before, during or after treatment. This is the
supplemental technique that helps when there is a weakness of the meridian Qi. Applying this technique before
treatments can help the Qi arrive, especially when the patient has deficiency symptoms. During the treatment, it will
help retain the Qi sensation in the point, which is required for effective acupuncture treatment.
Effect: Moving channel Qi (It is also one kind of reinforcing technique)
Clinical Applications: This technique serves to open blockages of channel Qi, or help with difficulty in obtaining
Qi (For example: due to stagnation – pain on pressure, or weakness of patient, etc.).
Technique: A finger presses gently with the course of the channel above and below the needle.
496
Absorbing (Se Fa)

The absorbing technique can be performed in most points of the body before and during needle treatment.
It is mostly used for stagnation of Qi in points after needle insertion. For example, if a patient felt the needle stuck
in the point with the sharp painful sensation, one may use the absorbing method on the side of point with the
helping hand on the front, back, right and left side of the needle, to avoid the pain and release the stuck needle.
This technique is very commonly applied throughout acupuncture treatment, particularly for some patients who are
very sensitive, or are extremely afraid of needles.
Effect: Moving channel Qi (It is also one kind of dispersion technique.)
Clinical Applications: Commonly used to open blockage of channel Qi.
Technique: A finger presses forcefully against the flow of the channel above and below the needle.
Flicking (Tang Fa)

The flicking method consists of flicking the needle by the index finger in order to keep the sensation of Qi
when retaining the needle during treatment. It is most often used for points, which do not need strong stimulation,
such as SI-19, GB-40, or a point located between joints where it is difficult to apply other needle techniques. It is
also a good technique to treat muscle, tendon, and joint problems.
Effect: Moving channel Qi.
Clinical Applications: Commonly used for Qi deficiency, when it is difficult to obtain Qi.
Technique: The tail of the needle is gently flicked so that the tip of the needle vibrates slightly.
Vibrating: (Zheng Zhan Fa)

This technique consists of moving the needle quickly up and down, back and forth, with vibrating
movement of the fingers in order to increase the movement of Qi for pain syndromes. It is of great benefit for
neuralgia, such as Trigeminal neuralgia, facial nerve paralysis, or sciatic nerve pain. The vibrating method is also one
of the “leading the Qi” techniques. (Dao Qi Fa)
Clinical Applications: Used for symptoms in which it is difficult to obtain Qi, or when there is weak needle
sensation.
Technique: The needle is grasped and vibrated rapidly with small amplitude to increase needle sensation.
Waving: (Yao Fa)

The waving technique is performed for points located on the surface of body such as upper Back-Shu
points. This technique can also be applied to move the meridian Qi on all the points in the four extremities.
Effect: For purposes of moving, and increasing Qi flow.
Clinical Applications: Difficulty obtaining the Qi or weak needle sensation and sending the Qi.
Technique: For the points that are located in the four extremities, most of time the waving the tail technique is
used to send the Qi to some place required for treatment. For points that are located in the upper back, it is
common to wave the body or handle of needle in order to send the Qi.
497
Flying: (Fei Fa)

The flying technique is used for obtaining the Qi on the surface of the skin. It is one of the Qi techniques
performed on the Five-Shu points. It is also used for some places that really need movement of the Qi, such as the
Governing vessel points and some points located between joints. It is a good technique to calm the Shen in the
treatment of some emotional problems.
Clinical Applications: Difficulty obtaining Qi, weak needle sensation, and also to calm the mind.
Technique: With the thumb and index finger, do a large amplitude twist, and then suddenly flick away from handle,
repeat several times.
Scraping: (Gua Bing Fa)

The scraping technique moves blocked Qi in both the meridians and organs. There are three techniques:
scraping with the middle finger, scraping with the index finger, or scraping with the thumb.
Effect: To spread the needle sensation in order to move the Qi.
Clinical Applications: Weak needle sensation and moving the Qi.
Technique: Scraping with middle finger: hold the handle of needle by the thumb and index and scrape up and
down the handle of needle with the nail of the middle finger. Scraping with the index finger: let the handle of needle
lie down on the thumb and scrap handle with the index finger. Scraping with the thumb: let the handle of needle lie
on the side of index finger and scrape with the thumb.
Sparrow Pecking: (Que Zuo Fa)

This is a mild and gentle technique moving the needle just like a sparrow picking up grain from ground. The
practitioner should control the needle with good rhythm when performing this in the clinic.
Effect: Used to spread needle stimulation and sensation, or to move the Qi.
Clinical Applications: Weak needle sensation.
Technique: The needle is vibrated in small amplitude lifts and thrusts, like a sparrow pecking grain. There are two
techniques: inserting the needle as a sparrow pecking with small amplitude during the insertion, and withdrawing the
needle gently as a sparrow pecking with small amplitude after obtaining the sensation of the Qi.
Coiling: (Pan Fa)

This needle method is used on the abdominal area for weak Qi movement when it is not possible for long
needles to be used (needles at least over 2 cun long). On the other hand, this technique is also performed in the four
extremities with the moving the Qi techniques, such as “tiger and dragon fly up,” to treat some severe pain
syndromes due to blockage of meridian Qi.
Effect: Harmonizing the Qi.
Clinical Applications: Disharmony of Ying and Wei Qi.
Technique: The needle is moved in a gentle large amplitude coiling motion, like wiping a plate.
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Bending: (Wan Zheng Fa)

The bending method is used for increasing the sensation of Qi, adjusting Qi, and to calm the Shen. This
technique combines well with the waving and vibrating methods, when treating some severe pain syndromes, such
as nerve pain, muscle pain, and organ pain. There are three ways to bend the needles: bending the needle with the
middle finger, the thumb, or the entire needle in the shape of a bow.
Effect: Moving Qi and stopping pain.
Clinical Applications: Qi blockage, pain, weak needle sensation.
Technique: Bending the needle with middle finger: used to move the meridian Qi and increase Qi sensation.
Bending the needle with the thumb: used to send the Qi to some part where treatment is needed. Most of the time
it is combined with the pressing method. Bending the entire needle as a bow: used to keep needle stimulation for
chronic pain syndromes, such as trigeminal neuralgia and frozen shoulder.
Rubbing: (Chuo Fa)

This method is used for difficulty obtaining Qi to treat patients with extremely deficiency, or patients
suffering from paralysis. Sometimes this technique can be used to move the Qi, help the Qi transfer somewhere
needed. To correctly perform this technique, rub the needle clockwise or count clockwise, with large or small
amplitude depending on the disease.
Effects: Moving the Qi and stopping pain.
Clinical Applications: Transfer the Qi, pain syndromes, and weak needle sensation.
Technique: The thumb twists in one direction back or forward, but not too tightly, or it will cause pain.
Reinforcing and Dispersion Technique
It is well understood, that the effect of acupuncture is to balance the patient’s Qi movement and adjust the
body from an abnormal condition to normal. The basic definition of reinforcing and reducing in the acupuncture
field is: Any technique able to help hypo-activity or deficiency symptoms in the body return to normal is called
reinforcing, any technique that can help hyper-activity or excess symptoms return to normal is called reducing.
Reinforcing and reducing techniques are related to three aspects: the patient body constitution, the nature of
the point, and the performance of the technique. Depending on the patient’s constitution, in excess or deficiency,
the patient will recover from an abnormal situation after treatment. In fact, the treatment will cause the appearance
of reinforcing or reducing effects in the patient. That effect is via adjustment of the patient’s Qi movement, during
and after needle stimulation. This is the difference between acupuncture and herbal medicine, in which herbs or
other tonic supplies exactly reinforce or reduce something in the body.
The second aspect is that of the nature of the point. Depending what groups of points are selected for treatment,
some points in the body will function as reinforcement, such as: CV-4, CV-6, and BL-23. Some points on the other
hand, will have a reducing function, such as LI-4, GV-26, and Shi Xuan. Reinforcing and reducing technique results
appear after stimulation to these specific points.
Performance of different reinforcing and reducing needle techniques is the third aspect involved. This is when
special needle techniques for reinforcing and reducing the movement of Qi, Blood, and body fluid are applied in
order to help body re-adjust. These are the needle techniques that will be described here.
There are seven basic (single style) reinforcing and reducing needle techniques that are mentioned in the Nei
Jing. These seven techniques could be used individually or combined together. For example, when we apply the
breathing technique, it will be in the process of treatment including the insertion, the adjustment of the needle, while
moving the needle to obtain Qi, while reinforcing and reducing, and finally upon removal.
In ancient times, there were two basic principles guiding the theory of needle techniques: adjusting the direction of
Qi and sending the Yang Qi in or pulling the Yin Qi out. In order to reinforce and reduce by direction of Qi flow,
one must focus on the movement of Qi and reinforce the insufficient or reduce the excess flow of Qi. Sending the
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Yang Qi down into the body, or leading the Yin Qi (Blood) out means that all the techniques that can send the Yang
Qi inside the body are reinforcing techniques, and all the techniques that lead the Yin Blood out are reducing
techniques. The Nei Jing states, “reinforcing is sending Yang Qi down, and reducing is leading Yin Qi up.”
Reinforcing and Dispersion Technique: Single style
Twisting: (Nian Zhuan Fa)

Effect: Regulates Ying and Wei Qi, supports the Vital Qi, and expels pathogens.
Clinical Applications: All disharmonies of Ying and Wei Qi, and blockage of channel Qi.
Technique: There are three methods:
a. The thumb pushes forward (reinforcing); the thumb pulls backward (dispersion).
b. The thumb pushes forward with the Qi flow for the three hand Yang meridians, the three-foot Yin
meridians, and the Conception vessel. The thumb pulls back, against the Qi flow for the three hand Yin
meridians, the three-foot Yang meridians, and the Governing vessel.
c. The handle of the needle is grasped by the thumb, index, and middle fingers. Then the needle is twisted
gently with small amplitude, this is reinforcing. Twisting heavily with large amplitude, this is dispersion.
Lift and Thrust: (Ti Cha Fa)

Effect: Regulate Yin and Yang, support the Vital Qi and expel pathogens.
Clinical Applications: This method is used to treat all syndromes of Yin and Yang disharmony, Xu (deficiency)
and Shi (excess), and Heat or Cold syndromes
Technique: There are two methods:
a. In order to make the Yang descend, strongly and tightly thrust, slowly and gently lift, this is the
reinforcing method. In order to make the Yin ascend, slowly and gently thrust, strongly and tightly lift, this
is the dispersion method.
b. Reinforce by lifting and thrusting the needle gently with small amplitude. Disperse by lifting and
thrusting the needle strongly with large amplitude.
Slow and Fast: (Xu Ji Fa)

Effect: Regulate Yin and Yang, support the Vital Qi, and expel pathogens.
Clinical Applications: This method is used to treat all syndromes of Yin and Yang disharmony, Xu and Shi
(deficiency and excess), and Heat or Cold syndromes.
Technique: There are two methods:
a. For reinforcement, slowly enter and rapidly withdraw to let the Yang descend. Rapidly enter, slowly
withdraw to let the Yin ascend and disperse.
b. Slowly enter, twist with small amplitude, rapidly withdraw, and close the insertion hole quickly, in order
to reinforce. Rapidly enter, twist with large amplitude, slowly withdraw and keep open the acupuncture
hole, in order to disperse.
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With and Against: (Ying Shi Fa)

Effect: Free and regulate Ying and Wei Qi, support the Vital Qi, and expel pathogens.
Clinical Applications: Treatment of all disharmonies of Ying and Wei Qi and blockage of channel Qi.
Technique: For reinforcement: angle the tip of the needle in the direction of the meridian Qi flow (angled
superiorly). For dispersion: angle the tip of the needle against the meridian Qi flow (angled inferiorly).
Breathing: (Hu Xi Fa)

Effect: Support the Vital Qi and expel pathogens.
Clinical Applications: Usually used on abdominal points, and combined with lift and thrust reinforcing and
dispersion technique.
Technique: Needle, or thrust with the patient’s exhalation and withdraw, or lift upon inhalation, finally quickly
closing the hole, this is the reinforcing method. Needle, or thrust with the patient’s inhalation, withdraw, or lift upon
exhalation and leave the hole open, this is the dispersion method.
Open-Close Method :(Kai He Fa)

Effect: Support Vital Qi, and expel pathogens.
Clinical Applications: Used during needle withdrawal, it must be combined with other methods.
Technique: The general understanding is to quickly close the needle hole after withdrawing in order to reinforce.
For dispersion, expand the needle hole upon withdrawal, and leave it open.
Even Movement Method: (Lead the Qi) (Dao Qi Fa or Pin Bu Pin Xi Fa)
Effect: Reinforce deficiency and disperse excess.
Clinical Applications: For all rebellious or disordered Qi flow conditions.
Technique: Gently and evenly twist, or gently lift and thrust the needle until the patient feels the Qi sensation.
Reinforcing and Dispersing Techniques: Combining methods

There are many complicated needle techniques from ancient China. Particularly after the Ming Dynasty,
acupuncturists paid more attention to needle technique. In the Zhen Jiu Da Quan written by Dr. Xu Feng, all the
complicated techniques are organized into two groups. He said that any techniques that can send the Qi to the place
needed for treatment, such as the green dragon, white tiger, red phoenix and old turtle are called “Regulate Qi and
Moving the Qi techniques.” Other techniques were designed to treat specific disease, such as burning fire on the
mountain, cool penetration of sky, etc. and therefore were grouped together as the second group.
Burning the Mountain: (Shao Shan Huo)

Effect: Reinforcing Yang and expelling the Cold. (Pure reinforcing technique).
Clinical Applications: This technique is used to treat all deficiency or Cold conditions (e.g. cold, numbness, Wei or
Bi syndromes), Yang Qi weakness, and dropping (sinking, prolapse) type symptoms.
Components: Slow and fast, lift and thrust, twisting, open and close, and the 9-6 reinforcing methods.
Technique: There are 3 methods for this technique:
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A. Obtain the Qi, and divide the depth into 3 levels. Lift to the highest level, thrust strongly and lift gently 9
times, then descend to the middle level and repeat 9 times, and again at the lowest level; this is one complete
repetition. This can be repeated until a heat sensation is felt. The needle is then withdrawn and the point
quickly pressed closed. The twisting reinforcing method may also be combined.
B. Obtain the Qi and divide the depth into 3 levels. Lift to the highest level, twist clockwise strongly and
turn back gently 9 times, then descend to middle level and repeat 9 times, and again at the lowest level; this
is one complete repetition. This can be repeated until a heat sensation is felt. The needle is then withdrawn
and the point quickly pressed closed.
C. Don't divide into levels; don't count the times, just thrust strongly with force, and lift gently until it
causes heat sensation in the point.
Cool Penetration of the Sky: (Tou Tian Liang Fa)

Effect: Disperse Yang and cool Heat. (Pure Dispersion Technique).
Clinical Applications: Excess Yang or Heat symptoms, Heat in the muscles, bones and joints.
Components: Same as above. (Burning the Mountain, Shao Shan Huo)
Technique: There are three methods for this technique:
a. Divide the depth into 3 levels. Descend to lowest level, get Qi, then lift strongly and thrust gently 6 times,
withdraw to the middle level and repeat, and again at the highest level; this is one cycle and can be repeated
until a cool sensation is felt. Then the needle is withdrawn and the point is left open. The twisting
dispersion technique can be used with the above technique.
b. Divide the depth into 3 levels. Descend to lowest level and get the Qi, then twist the needle count-
clockwise strongly and turn back gently 6 times, withdraw to the middle level and repeat, and again at the
highest level. This is one complete cycle and can be repeated until a cool sensation is felt. The needle is then
withdrawn and the point is left open.
c. No separate levels and no counting, just lift strongly and thrust gently until a cool sensation is felt under
the needle.
Yin in Yang: (Yang Zhong Ying Yin)

Effect: Reinforcement and dispersion; first reinforcing then reducing.
Clinical Applications: Deficiency conditions with excess symptoms - Cold changing to a Heat syndrome.
Components: Slow and fast, lift and thrust, twisting, and the 9-6 method.
Technique: Divide into 2 levels. At the highest level thrust strongly and lift gently 9 times, then descend to the
lower level, thrust gently and lift strongly 6 times. This is one cycle. The patient should first feel warmth, then a cool
sensation. Twisting can also be combined.
Yang in Yin: (Yin Zhong Ying Yang)

Effect: Reinforcement and dispersion; first reducing and then reinforcing.
Clinical Applications: Excess conditions with deficiency symptoms – Heat changing to a Cold syndrome.
Components: Same as Yin in Yang.
Technique: Divide into 2 levels. At the highest level lift strongly and thrust gently 6 times. Then withdraw to the
lowest level, lift gently and thrust strongly 9 times. This is one cycle. The patient should first have a cool sensation,
then a warm sensation. Twisting technique can be combined.
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Dragon and Tiger Battle: (Long Hu Jiao Zhan)

Effect: Reinforcing and reducing, and open the collaterals to stop pain.
Clinical Applications: Any painful condition.
Components: Twisting and the 9-6 method.
Technique: There are two methods for this technique:
a. Obtain the Qi, twist the needle (thumb goes forward with clockwise movement) 9 times - this is the
dragon. Then twist the needle (thumb goes back ward - counterclockwise) 6 times. This is the tiger. This can
be repeated, or performed separately.
b. Obtain the Qi. The thumb pushes forward 9 times, and then the needle is twisted back in one move until
tight (but not so tight that it is painful). When the needle sensation is strong, hold the needle firmly without
letting the Qi dissipate for 2-3 minutes. This will produce a slight warm sensation—therefore it is
particularly good for Cold type pain. To obtain Qi, pull the thumb back 6 times then twist forward in one
move until tight. When the sensation is strong, hold the needle firmly without letting the Qi dissipate, for 2-
3 minutes. This often produces a slight cool sensation, so it is good for the Heat type of pain.
Dragon and Tiger Leap up: (Long Hu Shen Ten)

Effect: Regulates Yin and Yang, opens the channels and collaterals, moves Qi, and stops the pain.
Clinical Applications: Any blockage of Qi and Blood flow.
Component: Twisting, lift and thrust, 9-6, slow and fast, and coiling techniques.
Technique: Obtain the Qi and withdraw to the highest level. First coil left one circle, (and combine twisting
technique) then thrust gently and lift strongly. Do this 9 (Yang) times and then descend to the low level. Obtain the
Qi. Then coil the needle right one circle, and thrust gently and lift strongly. Finally, coil left one circle, thrust
strongly, and lift gently. Do this six (Yin) times - twisting can be combined.
Mortar and Pestle: (Zi Wu Dao Jiu)

Effect: Opens channel Qi flow regulates Yin and Yang.
Clinical Applications: Edema, and distention from Qi blockage.
Components: Twisting, lift and thrust, fast and slow, and 9-6.
a. Obtain the Qi, thrust strongly (twisting right and left) lift gently 9 times, then lift strongly (twisting right
and left) and thrust gently 6 times.
b. First the acupuncturists must divide into 3 levels to obtain the Qi. At the highest level thrust strongly and
lift gently twisting left 360 degree, 9 times. Then repeat at the middle and lower levels. Withdrawal needle
from the lowest level, twisting right 360 degrees lifting strongly and thrust gently 6 times.
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Move and insert the Qi technique.

This technique was designed for tumor, lumps and abdominal masses.
Technique: There are two methods.
a. Insert the needle perpendicular 1-1.2 cun deep with lifting and thrusting needle technique to obtain the Qi
sensation. Then withdraw the needle to 0.5-0.8 cun in depth and bend the handle of needle towards the
level of the skin. This moves the Qi towards the site needed.
b. Insert the needle perpendicular 0.8 –1.2 cun deep with lifting and trusting technique to obtain the Qi.
Then withdraw the needle back to the 0.3-0.5 cun area and hold the needle tightly with three fingers, adjust
the breathing movement in both the patient and practitioner, and then insert the needle down to 0.8-1.2 cun
slowly with pressing technique. This makes the Qi travel to the area of the tumor.
Withdraw and Send the Qi

This technique is designed for any kind of paralysis.
Technique: Insert the needle perpendicular 1.2 cun deep. Obtain the Qi with twisting or rubbing technique, and
withdraw the needle from the Earth depth to the Heaven depth with force, in 3-5 movements, every movement near
0.2-0.3 cun in distance. This can be repeated as needed. After that, apply the sending the Qi technique, the opposite
of the withdrawing technique. In other words, obtain the Qi sensation, withdraw the needle to the Heaven depth,
and send it down with force in 3-5 movements to the Earth depth, every movement about 0.2-0.3 cun in distance.
This can be repeated several times if the patient has good energy.
Techniques for Opening the Flow of Channel Qi
Green Dragon waves its Tail: (Qing Long Bai Wei)

Effect: Reinforce and move the Qi (open channels and reinforce Qi)
Clinical Applications: Weakness with Qi blockage (e.g. anemia, dizziness, and tinnitus from Yang deficiency)
Components: Waving, and the 9-6 method
Technique: Insert to depth, obtain the Qi, then withdraw the needle to the superficial depth and with the tip of the
needle pointing toward the diseased area, pull the handle of the needle downwards toward the skin. Then wave
slowly back and forth with relatively large amplitude.
White Tiger Shakes His Head: (Bai Hu Yao Tou)

Effect: Mainly a dispersive technique that moves blood (opens channels, links the Qi, moves blood).
Clinical Applications: Heat in the blood, and blood stagnation. Move blood to distant areas for treatment.
Components: Waving, lift and thrust, twisting, the 9-6 method, and the fast and slow method.
A. Twisting the needle, insert and obtain the Qi. First use the middle finger to rock the needle six (Yin) times back
and forth. Then fast lifts and thrust with small amplitude.
B. Twisting the needle, insert and rub 6 times counter-clockwise after getting Qi sensation.
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Pale Turtle Examines Its Cave: (Cang Gui Tan Xue)

Effect: Opens channels and moves Qi in the meridians (reinforcing technique)
Clinical Applications: All diseases found in the channels, Qi stagnation and blockage, especially with weak
constitutions.
Components: Fast and slow, and lift and thrust.
Technique and illustration: Obtain the Qi, withdraw to the skin and angle needle obliquely, and then insert in 3
motions. Withdraw in one; repeat to all four directions, or more.
Red Phoenix Looks For Source: (Chi Feng Ying Yuan)

Effect: Opens channels, links Qi, primarily for opening collaterals.
Clinical Applications: Removing all blockages of the Qi in the collaterals, any disease located in the collaterals.
Components: Fast and slow, lift and thrust, twisting, and breathing.
Technique: Insert to the lowest level and obtain the Qi, withdraw to the highest level until the needle is wobbly on
its own, then re-insert to the middle level, using a combined twisting and lift and thrust method: twist and release,
left and right, in and out, let the needle circling and flying.
Holding the Qi: (Liu Qi Fa)

Effect: Benefits Qi warms Yang, breaks up Qi, nodes, and accumulations. (Reinforcement and dispersion)
Clinical Applications: Dispersing masses, knots, nodes, and accumulations.
Components: Lift and thrust, the 9-6 method, and fast and slow.
Technique: Divide into two levels, insert to the depth of 0.7 cun deep, thrust strongly and lift gently, 9 (Yang)
times. Then insert further to a depth of 1 cun deep, lift strongly and thrust gently 6 (Yin) times, lift to the original
0.7 cun level depth, and retain. If needle sensation is unsatisfactory, repeat.
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ANCIENT NEEDLE TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS
Ling Shu – Chapter Guan Zhen

In the Ling Shu, 26 needle techniques are mentioned. The nine needle techniques (Jiu Ci) follow the nine
changes of disease seen in the clinic, the twelve needle techniques (Shi Er Ci) are used according to the twelve
meridian symptoms, and the five needle techniques (Wu Ci) are related to the five organs and five tissues.
Jiu Ci—The Nine Needle Techniques

The nine needle techniques follow the nine changes of disease seen in the clinic—the nine different qualities
of disease, for example Heat, Cold, Excess, Deficiency, stagnation, and External Pathogenic Influences.
Shu Ci
Definition: Needle the Shu points – the 5 command (Shu) points and the Back-Shu points.
Clinical Indications: Organ and meridian diseases.
Clinical Application A:
• Back-Shu and Jing-Well (as main points)
For acute organ disease or for acute Excess Heat, slow cognition, psychological problems, and patients not
responding to external stimuli (Shen problems).
Technique:
1.) Disperse the Back-Shu and the Jing-Well points
For Excess, hyperactive disorders, Interior Heat, and or excess pulse features and a red tongue.
Lift and thrust, or use a twisting technique. Usually the Jing-Well is needled first, with a bloodletting
or a dispersion technique (0.1 cun deep).
2.) Moxa Back-Shu and Jing-Well
Back-Shu – indirect, with ginger
Jing-Well – direct non-scarring 8-12 cones for deficient symptoms: lassitude, slow cognition (as
above), hypoactive emotionally, pale lips and complexion, and cold extremities. The pulse is thin
and weak.
3.) Reinforcing Back-Shu and Jing-well
Jing-well – moxa pole or gentle intra-dermal needle.
Back-Shu – lift and thrust with a reinforcing technique (force on the thrusting, lift gently). For
organ dysfunction, like Qi and Blood deficiency, especially when it has led to stagnation, with a
stuffy sensation in the chest and abdomen.
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Ancient Needle Techniques and Applications
Clinical Application B:
• Back-Shu and Ying-spring
For Heat conditions, excess or deficient: night sweats, hot flashes, red complexion, headache, blurry vision,
insomnia, and irregular menstruation.
Technique:
1.) Reinforcing Back-Shu, disperse the Ying-spring.
Deficiency Heat, for example, Kidney deficiency: needle BL-23 with twisting reinforcing
technique,
Reduce KI-2 with lifting and thrusting technique.
2.) Disperse Back-Shu and Ying-spring
Organ Excess Heat in the LI—constipation. Disperse BL-25 and LI-2.
3.) Moxa Back-Shu and regulate the Ying-spring (even movement technique).
Used for disturbance of Qi, especially mental/emotional problems.
Direct non-scarring moxibustion, 9-11 cones, this calms the Qi and Blood to allow it to
nourish the Shen. Manipulate the Ying-spring point to disperse the Heat.
Clinical Application C:
• Back-Shu and Shu-stream
Organ disease related to whole body – meridians, muscles, hypo-metabolism –water retention, muscle and
joint dysfunction with heaviness, and body aches.
Technique:
1.) Moxa Back-Shu, and reinforce the Shu-stream
Apply direct moxa on the Back-Shu points, 9-11 cones.
Reinforce the Back-Shu, and use a weak stimulation technique on the Shu-stream, for
example: Di Zhen (non-insertion) - moving Qi technique.
This treats organ dysfunction, for example, irregular Qi movement, and metabolism
dysfunction – weight loss or gain. It can also be used for functional problems, when the patient
does not feel well overall, but has no real main complaint.
2.) Strong stimulation (like dispersion) at the Back-Shu and even movement at the Shu-stream point
Used for severe conditions in the organs, like Excess stagnation, Qi/Blood stagnation, etc.
Apply a twisting dispersion technique with strong stimulation.
In cases of severe organ deficiency, strong stimulation on the Back-Shu is needed with 26
or 28 gauge needles until the sensation travels along Bladder channel.
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Clinical Application D:
• Back-Shu and Jing-River
For patients with temperature changes – local or whole body; rebellious Stomach Qi, or Lung Qi collapse or
intestinal Qi stagnation problems, especially for metabolism or circulatory system dysfunction, cold and
numbness in the extremities.
Technique:
1.) Moxa the Back-Shu; Reinforce the Jing-river.
For meridian Qi deficiency: dizziness, cold extremities, and cold back sensations, shortness
of breath, stuffiness of the chest, coughing, asthma, and insomnia.
2.) Disperse the Back-Shu; Reinforce the Jing-river
Used for Qi stagnation on the surface or internal musculature – Cold/Heat changes,
left/right differences, or part of body sweating (as opposed to the whole body, for
example, the scapula or chest – from Qi stagnating), chilliness, aversion to cold, headache,
coughing, diarrhea, bloating, or irregular menstruation.
3.) Reinforce the Back-Shu; Disperse the Jing-river
For Qi movement problems: mental disorders, difficulty concentrating, over thinking,
anxiety, and depression. Also for behavior changes—for example wearing more clothing
when it is hot.
Clinical Application E:
• Back-Shu and He-Sea
Organ disease – regulate organ and meridian function
Technique:
1.) Reinforce the Back-Shu and the He-sea
For use in organ deficiency of Yin, Yang, Qi, or Blood. For example, to build the Lung
energy, needle BL-13 and LU-5.
2.) Disperse the Back-Shu; reinforce the He-sea
For use when there is Qi stagnation from Qi deficiency, for example—Stomach deficient
Cold leading to food stagnation, or Bladder deficiency leading to urinary retention.
3.) Disperse the Back-Shu and the He-sea
Use when there is organ excess disease, and Qi stagnation in the organs, i.e. acute pain and
blood stagnation.
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Yuan Dao Ci
Definition: Distal technique. Point selection and needle technique.
Clinical Indications: Organ and meridian disease
Technique: For diseases above, select the Lower He-sea points (ST 36, 37, 39, GB 34, UB 39, 40) for disease of the
Six Fu-Bowels.
• The Yang Ming meridian can also be used to regulate Blood. (LI and ST meridians)
Use a twisting needle technique, 0.5 cun deep.
• The Tai Yang meridians can be used to regulate Qi movement.
Lift and thrust, 0.5 – 1 cun deep
• The Shao Yang can be used to regulate essence. (Jing/bone)
Use the slow and fast needle technique.
(The above techniques are based on the theory that Yang Ming dominates Blood, Tai Yang
dominates Qi, and Shao Yang dominates bone and Jing)
Jing Ci
Definition: Treats meridian stagnation at the connection areas – where meridians meet tissue.
Clinical Indications: Lumps, Blood stagnation, and pain. It is often seen in meridian, or muscular-tendon
problems.
Technique: After meridian diagnosis one may find knots, lumps, stagnation, swelling, water retention, or painful
points. These are called “positive points”, which are then needled in this technique.
Clinical Applications: see below.
• Select several points along the distribution of the whole meridian. For example, lumps found at SJ-5 – use
SJ-3, SJ-4, SJ-5, etc. to needle – according to meridian distribution.
• This technique may also be used for local therapy. Twisting is one kind of resolving technique, which can be
done for at least 3-5 minutes at the stagnation or painful area.
• Cupping may also be used at the local area, after needling or bloodletting techniques are done. This is
especially effective for muscle problems, or joint injury.
Lou Ci
Definition: Needle in blood vessels. This technique can be thought of as one kind of bloodletting.
Clinical Indications: Excess Heat signs, or mental problems (overflowing of Shen or Qi), for example depression,
excess fear, joy, etc.)
Clinical Applications: Floating Lou Mai – purple colored veins. Use a pricking technique.
• Bloodletting may also be used along the distribution of the meridian, for example at the Jing-well and He-
sea points.
• Back-Shu and front Mu points may also be used with this technique, applying medium to strong stimulation
plum blossom to cause a little bleeding and following up with cupping in those areas.
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Fen Ci
Definition: Insert between muscle and muscle, muscle and tendon, tendon and tendon, tendon and bone.
Clinical Indications: Sports injury, motor system problems, including muscular tendon problems, acute or chronic.
Clinical Applications: Through to through needle technique.
Shoulder paralysis: LI-15 and LI-14.
Elbow: LI-11 and H-3.
Knee: GB-34 and SP-9.
• Use a deep insertion between muscle and tendon—a regulate Qi technique. Insert deep into muscle and
tendon, for example, in a case of Cervical Spondylosis, needle deep to the transverse process in order to
disperse stagnation and pain.
• The use of electro-acupuncture may be used to regulate musculature to treat flaccidity or tension imbalance.
(Use high density to disperse pain, low density to disperse flaccidity.)
Da Xie Ci
Definition: Use the Pi Zhen (needle #5) to disperse skin or dermatological problems, like Blood stagnation, lumps,
ulcers, or to get rid of blood and pus.
Clinical Indications: To disperse pus. (This technique belongs to dermatology, not acupuncture categories.)
Clinical Applications: Disperse local stagnation – lumps, pus.
• Bloodletting with the Pi Zhen along with cupping may be used for acute or local stagnation, for example,
shoulder, back, or neck pain. (This technique is very commonly used in China.)
Mao Ci
Definition: Needle floating Bi syndrome on the skin. (Like plucking hair)
Clinical Indications: Skin numbness, Urticaria, and itches. Also used in chronic internal organ problems, insomnia,
and neurasthenia.
Clinical Applications: Pediatrics – cold, night crying, bedwetting, cough, asthma, and malnutrition. Needle very
quickly in out, in out, like plucking hair.
• Used for local skin problems due to Excess Heat diseases. For example, acute conjunctivitis or sty, one can
often find red spots on the scapula and use this technique to prick them, also in the case of hemorrhoids,
one can usually find red pimples or pus at the sacral area.
• For skin problems such as psoriasis or herpes, very fast needling on the area can be employed to disperse
pain. (Pricking or bleeding)
• Neurasthenia – emotional/mental problems: stress, depression. Use light, gentle needle technique on the
Back-Shu points, scalp, or 5 Shu points. Do not retain needles. This method is used to wake up or stimulate
organ and meridian functioning.
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Ju Ci
Definition: Contra-lateral treatment, left treats right, and right treats left. For example, the disease is on the left but
the right pulse is “sick” or disordered. Symptoms are manifesting on the left, like headache, leg, shoulder, or arm
pain, but the left side pulse is fine. The pulse on the right, however, is disordered or weak. Therefore the treatment
focus should be on the on the right side.
Clinical Applications: Using opposite side 5 Shu and other points to treat symptoms of organ and meridian
disease.
• Select points based on the diagnosis – ex. Right side shoulder pain where the right pulse is normal, but the
left side pulse is diseased. In a case where the diagnosis determines the pain is due to deficiency of Qi and
Blood – use ST-36, and LI-11 on the left side.
Cui Ci
Definition: Fire Needle.
Clinical Indications: Treats Bi syndrome. Cold-Damp-Pain Bi – osteoarthritis (Cold type)
Clinical Applications: Fire needle technique. Burn the needle until white. Insert quickly in out, .5 cun deep.
• The use of a Fire needle with a big, round head (not sharp) can be used to quickly burn the skin, to make a
scar, instead of direct scarring moxa (for those who are afraid of the moxa). Some causes for use: draining
ulcers, or stimulating the whole body’s immune system.
Shi Er Ci—The Twelve Needle Techniques

These twelve techniques are for use in accordance with the 12 meridian symptoms. Each meridian has its
own sphere of influence—some dominate Qi, Yin, Blood, and Yang, water…
Ou Ci
Definition: One hand in front, the other hand in back, toward the pain area.
Clinical Indications: Treats hot Bi syndrome.
Clinical Applications: Mu and Shu point combinations to treat pain, and organ stagnation problems, such as
Heart, chest, Stomach, and Gallbladder.
• Insert two points simultaneously, .3-.5 cun deep, with a twisting dispersion technique, while the patient does
breathing exercise. (The patient is seated.)
• Needle the front first, with a lifting and thrusting dispersion technique, followed by the back point, with a
twisting reinforcing or even movement technique.
Bao Ci
Definition: Needle pain that is not located in one place (broad or multiple locations). The left hand palpates painful
area, the right hand needles. Repeat the needling as needed.
Clinical Indications: Suitable for moving pain, a lot of pain, locally or in the whole body, according to the patient’s
complaints. It is used for joint, muscle, and traveling pain, and local Bi syndrome.
Clinical Applications: According to meridian pathway, start at the beginning or end of the meridian, thinking of
the “with” or “against” meridian technique. Ex. Pain on the Heart meridian – one can start at HT-7, moving upward
to HT-1 or HT-2. The reverse direction is also applicable.
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• According to the pain area – for traveling pain. Use a non-retaining technique. Ex. Neck pain - needle a
neck point, remove, then needle the shoulder, remove, and continue like so, following the pain. One usually
follows the meridian distribution.
• Local pain: for example—back, buttock, scapula, or shoulder pain. Needle a painful point, remove needle,
and re-palpate to find another painful point or if the patient still complains of pain at the first site, then
needle it once again. 3 – 4 needles at the same point or at the new pain point are not uncommon. For
example—frozen shoulder, arm pain, or tendonitis – palpation shows pain at LI-10, LI-11, so needle those
points accordingly. Once the pain is gone, but upon further palpation pain is still present at LI-11, needle it
once again. Remove. Re-palpate. If the pain is still present at LI-10, repeat the process. One needle may
make the pain travel to another place.
Hui Ci
Definition: Needle beside the tendon.
Clinical Indications: Treats Bi syndrome in the tendons, with contracted, tense tendons. Most often used for
muscle-tendon problems: tendonitis, bursitis, and achy joints.
Clinical Applications: Slowly needle on the side of the tendon, or the adjacent area, beside the tendon. For
example: Knee joint arthritis – don’t needle the knee directly, but treat points on the side, like GB-34, SP-9, ST-36,
SP-10 in order to let the sensation travel to the joint. This is one kind of long needle insertion technique. During the
insertion, you should change direction of the needle, to get the sensation to travel. When the sensation travels to the
joint, withdraw the needle, to beneath the skin, and let the patient move the joint, then needle deeply again. This
technique usually treats excess symptoms of the joints, muscles, and tendons.
• One may needle very close to the tendon, even between tendon and tendon, and between muscle and
tendon, to get sensation. Adding moxa pole to the treatment is also applicable. For example: chronic
bursitis, tendonitis, and deficiency problems at the joint—one may needle Xi Yan through to Xi Yan or HT-
7 to PC-7, underneath the tendons. Use a slow insertion.
Qi Ci
Definition: One needle perpendicular, and 2 needles bilaterally, on the side. Also called “San Ci” – 3 needles: 1 in
the middle and 2 on the sides.
Clinical Indications: Treats Cold Bi in deep areas. For example, Qi Ci on the shoulder: place the middle needle at
LI-15 and then one needle on either side of it.
Clinical Applications: Use in local areas, for example: the shoulder, elbow, knee, or neck—use the 3 needles
around GV-14 and BL-11.
• Single point application: The Qi Ci technique can be used on the Front-Mu, Back-Shu, or special points.
For example: BL-43 is a thin point that cannot be needled deeply – use 3 needles instead of one, the “1
point, 3 needles” technique. Another example is GB-30 when used for sciatica in a severe case use 3
needles in the one point in stead only one.
• Meridian therapy Qi Ci: use this technique when there is meridian pain or injury. For example, in the case of
a sprained ankle, use GB-34 with 3 needles, needling every cun down the GB channel. (Three needles on a
line.) Scalp acupuncture may also be used the way, with 3 needles in a zone, one following the other.
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Yang Ci
Definition: 5 needles total: 1 needle in the middle, 4 surrounding.
Clinical Indications: Treats Cold Bi syndrome in a large area, especially on the surface for skin related problems
(dermatological infections or skin Bi), and organ problems – insomnia, Headache, irritable bowels, water retention,
and sympathetic nervous system disturbances.
Clinical Applications:
• Apply weak stimulation (for skin Bi), for example, using plum blossom needles, along the course of the
meridian.
• Medium stimulation – commonly applied on the Back-Shu points to treat associated organ disease. Five
needles on one area for ache and pain. For example, for upper back or chest problems, needle BL-13, BL-
15, and the T4 area for the Lung and the Heart; for mid-back, needle BL-19, BL-21, and the L1 area for the
Stomach and the Spleen; and for the lower back, needle BL-23, BL-25, GV-4 for Kidney and Bladder
problems.
• Strong stimulation – treats blood stagnation, skin problems, psoriasis, and hair falling out. Needle
superficially, .3 cun deep, with a fast twisting technique. This can result in some bleeding.
Zhi Zhen Ci
Definition: Needle underneath the skin to treat Cold Pathogenic Influences on the surface – this is one special
moving Qi technique.
Clinical Indications: This technique is used to treat the whole body’s Cold symptoms, moving the channel Qi, and
for chronic problems with emotional component, like anxiety, stress, depression, sadness, and fear.
Clinical Applications: Oblique insertion 15-30 degrees toward the disease area, 1.5 – 2 cun needles. Patient feels
full, distending sensation. No needle technique.
• Floating insertion less than 15 degrees (subcutaneous) between skin and muscle, in the facial layers. The
patient should have pain, soreness, or a distending sensation. A special technique should be used to regulate
the Qi. The meridian Qi moves in this facial area. It treats whole body aches, Heat, and other strange
sensations. When applied properly it looks like a type of wrist/ankle acupuncture. (E.g. 1.5 cun needle, #30
or #32)
Shu Ci
Definition: The technical process of this needle technique is performed by perpendicularly moving the needle in
and out. Slow perpendicular insertion is necessary to get Qi at the deep level. After getting Qi, slowly remove. This
harmonizes Yin and Yang (the lower body as Yin, the upper body as Yang).
Clinical Indications: Treats Heat from excess Qi stagnation.
Clinical Applications: Get Qi at deep depth, withdraw to the upper Yang level, and then insert again, repeating the
movement to harmonize the Yin and Yang. One type of even movement is the lift-thrust method. For use in
patients with emotional problems and disturbance in the movement of Qi, like a stuffy chest, bloated abdomen,
irritable bowels, and poor sleep. Organs stagnated by an excess movement of Qi due to irrational emotions, often
accompanied with Heat: Blood Heat, tongue, eyes, and lip heat sensations.
• Insert deeply to get Qi, waving the needle slowly and withdrawing, leaving the hole (which is large) open.
Looks like the slow/fast, and the open/close technique.
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Duan Ci
Definition: Waving insertion, slowly until close to the bone. Move the needle up and down besides the bone.
Clinical Indications: Treats Bone Bi symptoms. Often used for arthritis—Bone Bi due to Kidney deficiency.
Clinical Applications: Slow insertion, waving, until close to the bone (the practitioner should have good
knowledge of anatomy in order to perform this technique safely and correctly). Slow waving allows you to feel what
is under the skin (tendon, ligament) to allow the needle get past the tendons and ligaments, and into the hole, or
cleft. For example: BL-32—needle into the Liao, at the bone and tendon. One needs to understand and feel, where
the bone and tendon is. Use long needles to slowly go into the cleft, and retain needle.
• Needle close to the bone, at both sides of a joint. Use electro-acupuncture to massage the bone. For
example: use Jian Nei Ling and SI-10 to create a circuit across the joint to treat shoulder problems.
• Moxa technique with Duan Ci: Apply moxa on the handle of a 1.5 – 3 cun needle, 3- 5 rounds, for the
treatment of Wind-Cold-Damp Bi.
Fu Ci
Definition: Needle on the side of the muscle and tendon, floating the needle obliquely.
Clinical Indications: For muscle contraction with a cold sensation. Treats muscle pain and tension, like sports
injuries.
Clinical applications: Oblique insertion on the surface of the body in the treatment of muscle pain. Using a tiny
needle (like an intra-dermal). When the muscle is in spasm, pain, or contains a hematoma, needling the muscle can
be painful, so use the used of the intra-dermal is especially indicated.
• Use a deep insertion (obliquely) into the muscle for deep muscle/tendon problems, like muscle paralysis.
Yin Ci
Definition: Right and left needled together.
Clinical Indications: Cold extremities and low back, due to Yang Qi deficiency.
Clinical Applications: Needle the Shao Yin meridian (KI-3). This technique can also be used for lassitude and
weak body constitution with Cold symptoms, especially of the lower body. Use a 1 cun #32 gauge needle, to treat
both KI-3 points together, with a twisting reinforcing technique. Moxa on needle—3 rounds.
Pang Zhen Ci
Definition: 1 needle perpendicular, and 1 on the side. This is done to increases the sensation of the needle.
Clinical Indications: Chronic Bi syndrome. Use at any point where you need to increase the sensation.
Clinical Applications: Back-Shu point – due to the inability to needle deeply but one needs to obtain a strong
sensation, use 2 needles—the Pang Zhen Ci. Both needles should be angled 60 degrees toward one point.
Scalp – 2 needles cross, in one zone

Ear acupuncture – 2 needles at one point
Ah shi point – 2 needles perpendicular on one point (approximately .5 cun apart)
Zhang Ci
Definition: In and out quickly, for bloodletting.
Clinical Indications: Treats skin swelling, lumps, and pus (a kind of bloodletting technique).
Clinical Applications: Use a 3-edged needle, for purple veins or a skin disorder area, for example psoriasis.
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Wu Ci—The 5 Needle Techniques

Related to the five organs, and the five tissues (skin, vessels, tendon, muscle, bone). Needle the five tissues
to treat the five organs, or needle the five organs to treat the five tissues.
Ban Ci
Definition: Needle superficial to get Qi from the skin. This technique is related to the Lungs.
Clinical Indications: Eliminate Exterior Pathogenic Influences from the skin – fever, cold, cough, pediatric
problems, and also to move meridian Qi– for emotional disturbance.
Clinical Applications: Used along the course of a meridian, it is a gentle in/out technique, like plum blossom.
• For local areas like the Front-Mu and Back-Shu, it can clear Heat. Can also be used for the 5-Shu points.
(“Ban” means half – meaning the needle is half in the skin, half in the muscle) Needle .1-.2 cun deep at the 5
Shu points – getting Qi from the skin only.
• For pediatrics – it is not retained. Insert and remove it quickly, .2 cun deep. Ex. Diarrhea – LI 11, CV 12,
SP 6, St 36, or the Back-Shu. It’s a quick treatment – 2 minutes only.
Bao Wen Ci
Definition: “Cheetah’s Color” An appearance like a blue colored tattoo. A bloodletting technique related to the
Heart (blood connection).
Clinical Indications: Treats emotional problems, excess Heat, joint swelling, and acute arthritis in joints, headache
and sore throat.
Clinical Applications: Excess Heat. Use the Front-Mu and He-sea points. This requires 5 or 6 pricks to bleed at
one local area or point. Ex. CV-14, CV-15, or PC-3, the He-sea point for acute gastroenteritis and dysentery. For
lower back pain – use the lower He-sea point, BL-40.
• Scalp acupuncture: The needle is also used for bloodletting, smaller amount than above, quickly insert and
withdraw. For example, with pediatric ADD, needle GV 20 and GV-24)
• For joint Bi syndrome, treat the local area of pain using Ah-shi points.
Guan Ci
Definition: This technique employs perpendicular needle insertion into the tendon. It is related to the Liver.
Needle between tendon and tendon, tendon and bone, tendon and muscle. This is one kind of muscular-tendon
therapy – needling on the tendon.
Clinical Indications: Tendon Bi, bursitis, tendonitis, and joint arthritis.
Clinical Applications: Palpate the tendons, to find out which needs needling. Needle perpendicularly into the
tendon – this should not cause bleeding, as the tendons are not rich in blood supply.
• Treat close to the tendon, to treat Liver blood deficiency (which may result in tendon-ache). Needling
between the tendon and muscle is another application. Reinforce with other Liver points for effective
treatment. For example: BL-18, LV-8, and LV-3.
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He Gu Ci
Definition: Chicken Claw/Finger. This technique is related to the Spleen.
Clinical Indications: Treats muscle Bi.
Clinical Applications: Needle into the muscle and withdraw to the surface. Change the needle insertion angle 45
degrees to both (opposite) sides. In this way, one needle is inserted in 3 directions.
• For illnesses such as muscle Bi, paralysis, spasm, contraction, and pain use a 1.5 cun needle. Needle
perpendicularly at first, to get the Qi sensation.
• This technique may also be used for digestive complaints related to the Spleen, Stomach, or Large Intestine.
Palpate for a sensitive point and use the same techniques as described above.
Shu Ci
Definition: The needle is perpendicularly inserted into the bone. This technique is related to the Kidney.
Clinical Indications: Treats Kidney, bone problems, and pain syndromes such as bone Bi.
Clinical Applications: For deep insertion between joints or bones. Treats arthritic joint areas.
• Palpate the bone to find the painful point. Needle perpendicularly close to the bone (at the side).
• This treats meridian disease, and builds up the meridian and Kidney energy.
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CHAPTER II: MOXIBUSTION

Compared with acupuncture, moxibustion is much more effective at reinforcing the body’s Yang Qi. It is
the primary technique to warm and circulate the Qi via the functioning of the meridians. It plays an important role
in preventive medicine and rehabilitation as well providing effective treatment of disease.
INDICATIONS
Reinforcing Yang Deficiency

Moxibustion is beneficial in the treatment of Cold and deficient syndromes. In the case of Blood stagnation caused
by Yang deficiency or Cold Pathogenic Invasion with such symptoms as a cold sensation in the body and limbs,
frequent urination, loose stool or water retention due to deficiency of the Yang Qi, it is particularly effective.
Generally in these cases, the pulse is deep and weak, or tight, and the tongue is usually pale with a wet or a white
coating.
Warming the Meridians in the Treatment of Bi Syndrome

Moxibustion is very effective in moving the circulation of blood and in the treatment of Bi syndrome with Cold,
when the patient feels stiffness and severe pain in the joints, cold hands and feet, headache, and spontaneous
sweating. The pulse in these cases will be wiry and tight and the tongue will be pale with purple or black dots.
Yang Qi Collapse
Moxibustion can be applied in some emergency cases when a patient has Yang Qi collapse, with symptoms such as:
wind stroke, fainting, severe diarrhea, vomiting, or prolapsed organs. Do not count the number of cones and do not
count the time. Perform moxibustion until the patient’s body warmth and consciousness returns.
Resolving Stagnation
Moxibustion is very effective in the treatment of dermatological problems. For example: in the treatment of eczema,
psoriasis, Leili, Jie Zhong, and lumps or tumors inside of the body, such as mastitis in the beginning stage, as well as
some lumps within the skin or bone.
Protecting Health
In ancient times, moxibustion was very popularly applied for longevity, to prevent some diseases during certain
seasons, or in travel to some place unfamiliar. Application of moxibustion on ST-36, GV-14 and CV-4 can increase
the body’s immune system for such purposes.
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APPLICATIONS OF MOXIBUSTION
Moxibustion with a Moxa Cone
Direct Moxibustion
In Traditional Chinese Medicine there are two types of direct moxibustion mentioned, scarring and non-
scarring.
Scarring moxibustion
The scarring method involves burning moxa wool directly on the skin. This practice is not currently legal in
most Western countries, although it is still commonly applied in Asia. In ancient China it was one of the
main therapies in the medical field.
Non-scarring moxibustion
This method involves applying the moxa wool directly on the point. It is then commonly burned until the
patient feels a warm sensation or a little burning and it is promptly removed. Usually the patient will feel
the burning sensation when the moxa cone has burned about two-fifths of the way down.
Clinical Indications
Chronic Interior Cold syndrome, deficiency of organ energy, and water retention problems, such as edema,
prostatitis, and fibromyalgia are the clinical indications. It is also indicated for other stagnation problems of
Qi and Blood in the meridians due to some sports injuries, bursitis, tendonitis, swollen joints and low back
pain.
Indirect Moxibustion
The techniques of indirect moxibustion demand that the ignited moxa be insulated from the skin by
other substances, such as: salt, ginger, garlic and Chinese herbs.
Prepare several slices of ginger and place where moxibustion is need. This method is usually used to treat
chronic interior Cold syndromes, such as: diarrhea, abdominal pain, and Cold Bi syndrome.
Indirect moxibustion with garlic
Prepare several slices of garlic and place on the area indicated for treatment. Apply moxa wool to the garlic.
This method is usually used to treat some skin problems, help relieve swelling, draw out the pus and stop
pain, treat carbuncles, phlegm, sores and furuncles.
There is one another special indirect moxibustion method with garlic in China. Prepare 1-2 pounds of
smashed garlic and place on the Governing vessel from GV-3 to GV-14 (She Xiang). The garlic should be
about 7cm wide and 3cm high. Finally place the moxa wool on the garlic, 3cm wide and 4cm high and
ignite it from GV-14, GV-7 and GV-3. Treat once every year, 3 treatments as a course. This method is
used for some chronic diseases, such as, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic asthma, bronchitis, organ prolapse,
stomach cancer, etc.
Indirect moxibustion with salt
Most of the time this technique is applied on CV-8 to revive a patient in a severe case, such as Wind stroke
of the flaccid type, loss of consciousness, severe dysentery, and other Yang Qi collapse problems.
Fill the belly button with salt and add a slice of ginger on the top of salt. Place moxa wool on the ginger
and ignite. Perform with as many cones needed until the patient’s temperature and pulse recovers or the
cold sweat or diarrhea has stopped.
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Applications of Moxibustion
Indirect moxibustion with Fu Zi (Aconite) cake

Grind the Fu Zi into powder and mixed with vinegar and rice wine to make it into a cake, about 0.2-0.3 cun
thick. Place on the area needed for treatment. Apply moxibustion for 5-7 cones to treat Kidney Yang
deficiency diseases, such as diarrhea, water retention or frequent urination. This method can also be used to
treat some ulcers on the skin, or those of the Yin type (which is indicated by long-term disease, dark color
and lack of pus.)
Moxibustion with a Moxa Pole

This technique uses moxa that is rolled into the shape of a pole. The end is then ignited to apply on the
points needed for treatment. Most moxa poles contain herbs inside, some of them only containing pure moxa wool.
Moxa Pole with Herbs

Called Lei Huo Zhen (Thunder fire needle) or Tai Yi Zhen, this technique employs the moxa pole as a
needle.
Roll a moxa pole with herb powder as tight as possible and let it dry in a dark area, avoiding direct sunshine.
Use the following herb with the moxa wool: Ren Shen, Sheng San Qi, Qian Nian Jian, Zhuan Di Feng, Rou
Gui, Chuan Jiao, Ru Xiang, Mo Yao, Chuan Shan Jia, Xiao Hui Xiang, Cang Zhu, Bai Zhu, Sheng Gan Cao,
and Fang Feng.
Place seven layers of wet cloth on the point or area needed for treatment and put the ignited moxa pole on
the wet cloth until the fire is put out. Usually this technique is applied 5-7 times on one point during
treatment. Use this method to treat Bi syndrome and other pain syndromes such as arthritis, stomach pain
with a cold sensation.
Pure Moxa Pole

Apply the moxa pole 3-4 cm from the surface of the skin or some part of body needed for treatment.
Generally speaking, the moxa pole should be kept above the skin with two fingers from the free hand on
either side of pole in order to detect the temperature on the patient’s skin. In the clinic this method is
mostly used to treat interior Cold or stagnation problems, such as diarrhea, dizziness, deficiency of an organ
and muscle and tendon injury.
Warming Needle Technique

Add moxa wool to the handle of the needles in order to increase the stimulation of the needle and warm up
the meridian. Use this method to treat Cold type stagnation, water retention, and Yang deficiency. Normally, a
distance of 3-4cm is kept between the skin and moxa wool for the most effective treatment.
Prohibition of Moxibustion
• Moxibustion treatment is generally prohibited in patients with Yin deficiency especially when they have
interior Heat where the tongue is dry and without coating. Moxibustion will make Yin deficiency worse.
• Moxibustion is also contraindicated in illnesses due to excess Heat. Excess Heat syndrome can damage
body fluid, presenting with such dry symptoms as dry mouth, dry throat, dry skin and strong thirst.
• There are a few areas of the body that are also contraindicated for moxa treatment, such as the face and
head. The reason for this is due to the fact that these areas are close to arteries or veins. Do not perform
direct moxibustion on these areas.
• Moxa treatment is also contraindicated during pregnancy. Do not apply severe moxibustion (large cones or
long duration) on the low back and low abdominal region of pregnant women to prevent miscarriage.
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COMMON USES OF DIRECT NON-SCARRING MOXIBUSTION FOR SPECIFIC

DISEASES
Points: SP-1 and LV-1.

Indications: Any kind of chronic bleeding, such as menstrual bleeding, bloodies stool, urinary bleeding and nose
bleeding. Gum bleeding can be treated this way as well.
Apply 9-11 cones each treatment.
Treat once every other day, for 5-7 treatments as a course.
Points: LU-11 and LU-10.

Indications: Lung Qi stagnation, stuffy sensation in the chest, chest pain, cough, sore throat, and phlegm retention,
also for Heat stagnation in the Lung.
Points: GV-14, BL-13, GV-12, and BL-43.

Indications: Chronic Lung symptoms, such as: chronic asthma, cough, bronchitis, chest pain and stuffy sensation,
shortness of breath and heart palpitations.
Treat twice a week, for 5 treatments as a course. This condition is best treated in the summer.
Points: Da Gu Kong.
Indications: Mental disorders, possession, stress, severe anxiousness, irritability, sweating and nightmares.
Apply 11 cones each treatment.
Points: TW-10.
Indications: Water retention problems, such as: edema, lymphoma, fibromyalgia and swollen lymph nodes on the
neck, or edema after chemotherapy.
Points: LI-14 and TW-13.

Indications: Water retention problems, particularly in the arms after breast cancer, or other types of infection due
to water retention.
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Common Uses of Direct Non-Scarring Moxibustion for Specific Diseases
Points: LI-15.
Indications: eye problems, such as: myopia, blurry vision, high eye pressure and other eye excess and deficiency
problems.
Treat one or twice a week for 3-5 treatments as a course.
Points: LI-15, TW-14, and SI-9.

Indications: shoulder problems, such as: frozen shoulder, tendonitis, bursitis, rotate cuff or other muscle and nerve
problems.
Points: Qian Zhen and TW-17.

Indications: Peripheral facial paralysis, when the patient feels achiness, twitching, has difficulty chewing food and
difficultly closing the eye.
Points: GV-14 and GV-12.

Indications: Emotional problems, such as: depression, anxiety, stress and sadness, or other light mental disorders.
Points: GV-14, GV-12, BL-13, and BL-43.

Indications: Chronic Lung problems, particularly for chronic asthma, bronchitis, Lung Qi deficiency and cough.
Treat one or twice a week for 7-10 treatments as a course.
Points: BL-17 and BL-19.

Indications: Any kind of Blood deficiency, such as: anemia, dizziness, irregular menstruation, and other symptoms
related to a Blood deficiency.
Points: BL-18 and BL-20.

Indications: chronic hepatitis when the patient experiences tiredness, lassitude, nausea, irregular bowl movement,
and hypochondriac pain.
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Points: BL-23, BL-52, and GV-4.

Indications: Kidney deficiency problems, such as: chronic asthma, water retention, weakness of the low back and
knees, irregular menstruation and urination, poor memory, superficial sleep or early morning diarrhea.
Points: BL-32 and below the 17th vertebra.

Indications: dysmenorrhea with severe pain and cold sensation in the limbs and body with cold sweating, and a
deep tight pulse.
Points: GV-26 and ST-28.

Indications: Leukorrhea with irregular uterine discharge in large amounts or with abnormal color and foul smell.
Points: GV-2, BL-57, and BL-59.

Indications: Hemorrhoid problems, when patients feel swollen, sinking sensations, or pain and burning sensations
after moving their bowels.
Points: ST-36 and SP-6.

Indications: Chronic stomach and intestinal problems such as: Stomach Qi deficiency, bloating and cramping
sensations in the stomach and intestines, chronic diarrhea, and vomiting of cold clear water.
Points: LV-5 and LV-1.

Indications: Itching and eczema near or in the genital region where the patient may feel a burning and itching
sensation particularly at night, often with a bitter taste in the mouth and wiry pulse.
Points: Tip of ear (Er Jian).

Indications: Any kind of eye infection disease, such as: conjunctivitis, sty and other painful or itching problems in
the eyes.
Treat once daily for 2-3 treatments as a course.
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Common Uses of Direct Non-Scarring Moxibustion for Specific Diseases
Points: SI-11, SI-12, and SI-13.

Indications: Severe acne and rosacea with an itching and burning sensation.
Points: CV-3 and ST-28.

Indications: Urinary problems due to deficiency, such as: incontinence, turbid urine, bed-wetting and difficulty in
emptying the bladder.
Points: Zi Gong and CV-4.

Indications: Any kind of menstruation problem due to Cold and deficiency conditions. For example: irregular
menstruation, abnormal uterine discharge, dysmenorrhea, infertility, and PMS.
Points: CV-4 and CV-6.

Indications: To help people with weak body constitutions, to increase the bodies True Qi or promote longevity.
Points: CV-9.
Indications: Water retention in the abdominal region, particularly after chemotherapy or ascites due to cirrhosis.
Points: BL-67.
Indications: Malposition of the fetus, the best time for treatment is between 24-30 weeks.
Apply 15–20 cones each treatment. (Or one can apply moxa pole for 25-30 minutes each treatment).
Points: SI-1.
Indications: Mastitis or breast tenderness and pain, or lack of breast milk secretion after labor.
Treat once daily (one finger in each day) for 5 treatments as a course.
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COMMON USES OF INDIRECT MOXIBUSTION FOR SPECIFIC DISEASES
Points: CV-8 with salt.

Indications: To revive the Yang Qi when the patient experiences stroke, severe vomiting, diarrhea, or loss of
consciousness with profuse cold sweating.
Do not count the time or number of cones, perform until the patient’s body temperature and pulse returns
and the cold sweating has abated.
Treat only during the emergency.
Points: Governing vessel (from GV-2 to GV-14) with garlic.

Indications: some long chronic diseases with Qi and Yang deficiency, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatic arthritis,
chronic gastritis, diarrhea.
(See chapter II Bi syndrome)
Points: Local area of skin disorders with garlic.

Indications: some skin problems, such as psoriasis, furuncle.
Treat once every other day until symptoms disappear.
Points: CV-12, BL-20, and BL-21 with ginger.

Indications: Stomach pain and cramping due to Cold with vomiting of clear water, poor appetite, and lassitude.
Points: CV-3 and Zi Gong Xue with ginger.

Indications: Cold sensation in lower abdominal region, retention of urine, infertility, and impotence.
Points: Qian Zheng, Tai Yang, and GB-12 with ginger.

Indications: Peripheral facial paralysis due to Wind Cold Pathogenic Invasion.
Points: GV-9 with garlic.

Indications: Malaria, back pain, stomach pain, Liver and Gallbladder problems.
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Common Uses of Indirect Moxibustion for Specific Diseases
Points: LV-13 with ginger.

Indications: Disharmony of the Liver and Spleen, such as: irritable bowel movement, cramping and bloating in the
abdomen, stuffiness and tightness in the chest or hypochondriac region, irritability, and tendency towards anger.
Treat one or twice a week, for 5 treatments as a course.
Points: BL-43 with herb powder (Se Xiang, Bai Zhu, Rou Gui).
Indications: Chronic bronchitis, asthma, chronic cough, chronic fatigue syndrome, and allergic reactions.
Points: TW-4 with garlic.

Indications: Diabetes, edema, swelling and numbness in the arms.
Points: CV-6, ST-25, and BL-25 with Fu Zi cake.

Indications: chronic colitis, diarrhea due to Yang deficient body constitutions.
Points: CV-4 and GV-4 with Fu Zi cake.

Indications: Kidney Yang Deficiency, with such symptoms as cold sensation in the low back and both legs,
lassitude, impotence, water retention, dizziness, and poor memory.
Treat once a week, for 7 treatments as a course.
527
528
Distribution of Auricular Points & Indications
CHAPTER III: DISTRIBUTION OF AURICULAR POINTS & INDICATIONS
SCAPHOID FOSSA
Finger
It treats hand injury and finger problems. It is close to the allergy area (between finger and wrist) can help It treats
allergic problems particularly for some skin disorders, such as eczema, Urticaria, and psoriasis it’s commonly
combined with lung and large intestine and Shen Men for skin problems.
Wrist
It treats wrist injury, such as painful sensation after trauma injury, carpal tunnel syndrome, swollen wrist. And also
help it treats some allergic problems.
Elbow
It treats elbow problems, such as tennis elbow, tendonitis and arthritis. It also is a point that helps to lose weight and
stop smoking.
Shoulder
It treats any kind of shoulder problems, such as frozen shoulder, shoulder tendonitis, bursitis, and other shoulder
injuries. It is also commonly applied for stopping smoking and losing weight.
Shoulder Joint
It treats any kinds of shoulder problems and neck pain as well, pain located in scapular and upper back.
Clavicle
It treats shoulder problems and epigastric and abdominal chronic pain in deficiency body constitutions.
UPPER CRUS OF ANTIHELIX

Toe
It treats toe injury and bone spur, arthritis, dizziness and vertigo with brain and Shen Men.
Ankle
It treats ankle injury pain, joint arthritis, swollen ankle and headache.
Knee
It treats painful sensation the dysfunction of knee joint, such as meniscus injury, ligament problems, muscle injury
and arthritis
529
Buttock
It treats sciatic nerve pain, muscle injury on the buttock area, S.I joint and S.L joint pain, weakness of hip and spleen
Qi deficiency, blood deficiency.
Ischium
It treats sciatic nerve pain that travels down to the leg, muscle injury, hip pain, and back injury. When it used for
calm down the mind, stress, and depression and anxious, most time combined with heart, Shen Men Sub cortex
together.
Sympathetic
It treats all of the sympathetic nerves problems, such as irregular heart beat, irritable bowl movement, and shortness
of breath, epigastric pain, restlessness, insomnia, stress and depression. Usually it is combined with other specific
point treat organ’s disorders. For example, select sympathetic, abdomen, and large intestine together for when
patient suffer from abdominal pain.
TRIANGULAR FOSSA
Shen Men
It helps to treat emotional problems, such as depression, stress, anxiety, insomnia, and heart palpitations. It is usually
associated with heart, liver and Sub cortex ear points together for treatment of emotional problems. Meanwhile this
point is effective to treat any the pain and cramping sensation in lower abdominal area.
Uterus
It’s the main point for the problems in reproductive system. For example, with sympathetic, liver and heart points to
treat irregular menstruation and with urinary bladder, kidney, brain stem and Sub cortex points to treat prostatitis.
ANTIHELIX
Abdomen
It treats abdominal problems such as gastro-enteritis, constipation, diarrhea, dysmenorrhea and other organs
problems as well as loses weight.
Chest
It treats chest pain, stuffy sensation in the chest, and shortness of breath, heart palpitations, costal chondritis,
intercostals neuralgia and herpes zoster. Help to reduce depression and sadness in the morning.
Neck
It treats neck pain, such as stiff neck, neck injury, cervical spondylosis, the pain on the upper back related to
scapular, stress, and back of headache.
Thoracic
It treats chest pain, upper back pain and muscle spasm that caused by long term stress and depressions, insomnia,
anxious and heart palpitations.
530
Lumbar Sacrum
It treats low back pain, kidney deficiency, back injury, paralysis, arthritis and dysmenorrhea.
Thoracic Vertebra
It treats upper back injury, asthma, bronchitis, coastal never pain, herpes zoster and sadness and depression with
upper back painful or tight sensations.
Cervical Vertebra
It treats neck pain, stiff neck, and spinal column pain and spasm sensation on the whole back, cold sensation near
GV-14 area and back of headache and dizziness.
TRAGUS
Nose
It treats inside nose pain; dry nose, Rhinitis, nose bleeding, stuffy nose, running nose and sinusitis.
Throat
It treats both acute and chronic sore throat, dry throat, laryngitis and tonsillitis.
Inner-nose
It treats stuffy nose, running nose, common Cold, sinusitis and headache.
Upper Tip of Tragus

It treats inflammations and pain syndrome, such as headache, fever and chest pain.
Lower Tip of Tragus

It treats lower blood pressure, fatigue, unconsciousness (no pulse), cough, asthma, Common Cold, summer heat
stroke, malaria and mastitis.
ANTITRAGUS
Calm the Asthma
It treats asthma, cough, fever, chest pain, spontaneous sweating, heart palpitations, anxiety and insomnia.
Brain
To calm the mind and treat brain problems, such as wind stroke, ADD, poor memory, brain injury, and it is the
effective point to help heart and stomach functions and treat emotional problems and stomach reflex.
Brain Stem
It treats emotional problems, such as depression, irrational, anxiety attack, insomnia, epilepsy. Sometimes this point
used for fever, release severe cough and asthma.
531
Testicle
It treats testicle problem particularly for men’s fertility, improve sexual energy and chronic prostatitis.
Forehead
To nourish brain functions, treat dizziness and vertigo, blurry vision, migraine headache, depression, hypertension
and poor memory.
Occiput
It treats occipital headache, neck pain, poor vision, nausea and vomiting, balance problems and the pain in the
scapular region related to neck, or travel down to arms.
Temple
It treats migraine headache, tinnitus, deafness, TMJ pain, toothache and poor vision and blurry vision.
Central Rim
It treats any kind of pain in the body, such as headache, chest pain, angina, arm pain or sports injury pain, digestive
system pain and menstrual pain. To calm the mind help insomnia, dizziness, stress, depression or anxiety attack.
AROUND THE CRUS OF HELIX

Esophagus
It treats chest pain, esophagus spasm, stomach reflex, nausea, restlessness and breathing problems.
Stomach
It treats epigastric pain, nausea and vomiting, acid regurgitation, poor sleep, chest pain, stomach reflex, chronic
gastric ulcer and upper GI bleeding.
Duodenal
It treats epigastric pain, vomiting, duodenal ulcer, stomach reflex, abdominal pain and poor sleep.
Small Intestine
It treats abdominal pain, heart palpitations, headache, UTI, retention of urine, prostatitis and low sexual energy.
Large Intestine
It treats constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, high fever, cough, eczema, and itching and dry skin.
Appendix
It treats appendicitis, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, irregular menstruation, and hemorrhoid.
532
CYMBA CONCHA
Urinary Bladder
It treats urinary system problems, such as painful urination, retention of urine, prostatitis, UTI, low back pain and
low sexual energy.
Kidney
It treats urinary system and reproductive problems, such as painful urination, weakness urination and retention of
urine, prostatitis, irregular menstruation, infertility, weakness sexual energy, fatigue, poor memory, tinnitus,
insomnia, dizziness and vertigo, osteoarthritis, hard to focus the mind, asthma and weakness sensation in the low
back and both legs.
Liver
It treats digestive system, blood problems and emotional problems, for example, hypochondriac pain, diarrhea,
irregular menstruation, headache, dizziness, blurry vision, depression, stressful and poor memory.
Spleen
It treats digestive system problems, such as bloating abdomen, diarrhea, poor appetite, chronic bleeding, lassitude,
weakness muscles, low energy and edema.
Gallbladder (Pancreas)
It treats any kinds of gallbladder problems including gallbladder infection and gallstone, pancreatitis, diabetes,
migraine headache and malaria.
CAVUM CONCHA
Mouth
It treats ulcer in mouth, herpes on the angle of mouth, facial paralysis, Trigeminal neuralgia, toothache and face achy
by allergy.
Heart
It treats heart palpitation, shortness of breath, insomnia, restlessness, anxiety attack, poor memory, nightmare and
cardiovascular system problems.
Lungs
It treats lung infection diseases, common Cold, cough, and asthma, bronchitis, and shortness of breath, sadness,
nightmare, eczema, Urticaria, constipation, diarrhea and stop smoking.
Trachea
It treats cough, bronchitis, asthma attack, chest pain, and stuffy sensation in the chest, heart palpitations, tightness
chest and spontaneous sweating.
533
Adrenal Gland
It treats allergy problems, reduces fever and stops bleeding. It usually applies to treat allergic reaction, rheumatic
fever, profuse menstruation, and menorrhagia. It is an effective point for brain problems, including the treatment of
dizziness and vertigo, blurry vision, cerebella ataxia, epilepsy, difficult to focus, poor memory and low intelligence of
the brain development.
Sub Cortex
It treats neurological system problems, digestive diseases, such as neurasthenia, vegetative nerve functional disorders,
neurosis, schizophrenia, gastritis ulcer, duodenal ulcer, nausea, vomiting, abdominal bloating, diarrhea, constipation
and some liver and gallbladder problems as well. It’s also It treats cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary heart
disease, arrhythmia, cold hand and feet, and angina.
Endocrine
It treats endocrine system problems, such as: thyroid problems, diabetes, and irregular sweat. And also it is effective
for treatment of allergic reactions, rheumatic diseases, cystitis, nephritis, irregular menstruation, low sexual energy
and some tumor. Sometimes this point applies for edema, eczema and overweight.
San Jiao
It treats constipation, edema, water and phlegm retention, swollen leg, heaviness sensation on the head and limbs,
diarrhea. It is an effective point for emotional problems and helps stop smoking and lose Weight.
EAR LOBE
Eye 1
It treats glaucoma, myopia, and painful sensation behind eyeball.
Eye 2
It treats conjunctivitis, red eyes, painful sensations in the eyes and aversion to Wind due to Cold Pathogenic
Invasion.
Eye
It treats any kinds of eye’s problems, such as blurring vision, conjunctivitis, optical nerve atrophy and painful
sensation in eyes.
Toothache (1)(2)
It treats toothache, gingivitis. And apply for dental surgery with under acupuncture anesthesia.
Inner Ear
It treats tinnitus and loses hearing ability, medium otitis, insomnia, dizziness and vertigo, migraine headache and
toothache.
534
Tonsil
It treats tonsillitis, sore throat, and infection in upper respiratory system, headache, face pain, eyes pain and burning
sensation in mouth.
Upper Jaw, Lower Jaw, and Face Area

It treats face achy, such as Trigeminal neuralgia, facial paralysis, acne, numbness sensation on the face and tic.
BACK OF EAR
Reducing Blood Pressure
It treats hypertension, headache, dizziness and vertigo, frequent urination, heat stagnation sensation in the chest and
epigastric area.
Er Mi Geng
It treats acute stomach pain, gallbladder stone and infection, acute diarrhea, asthma, stuffy nose and abdominal pain
with vomiting.
Upper Ear Root

It treats skin problems including psoriases, eczema, acne, urticaria, headache, sciatic, and low back pain.
Middle ear root
It treats skin’s problems, upper back pain, shoulder pain, cough, asthma, and chest pain.
Lower Ear Root
It treats headache, toothache, sore throat, stuffy nose, asthma, neck pain and dizziness.
535
536
International Standard Scalp Acupuncture
CHAPTER IV: INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SCALP ACUPUNCTURE
Treatment Zone Distribution and Indications
MS1. Middle line of the forehead

Location: 1 cun long from GV-24—straight downward along the meridian.
Clinical Indications: “Shen” problems including restlessness, insomnia, heart palpitations, depression,
anxiety, Headache, dizziness and vertigo, sinusitis and blurry vision, hard to concentrate mind, memory lost
and other mental problems. Chest pain, facial achy, eyes pain and sore throat.
MS2. Lateral line 1 of the forehead

Location: 1 cun long from BL-3—straight downward along the meridian.
Clinical Indications: Upper warmer problems and some eye problems including chest pain, shortness of
breath, heart palpitations, asthma, cough sore throat, headache, Stye, and conjunctivitis. And also can help
lung infection diseases, such as cough, allergy bronchitis and pneumonia.

Location: 1 cun long from GB-14—straight downward along the meridian.
Clinical Indications: Middle warmer problems including stomach, liver and gallbladder disorders such as:
stomach pain, reflex, acid-regurgitation, ulcer and acute gastritis, hypochondriac pain, breast tender, nausea,
vomiting, belching, bloating abdomen and headache.

Location: 1 cun long from between ST-8 and GB-14—straight downward along the meridian.
Clinical Indications: Lower warmer problems including O.B GYN and reproductive system diseases, such
as: low abdominal pain, Dysmenorrhea, endometrioses, irregular menstruation, retention of urine, frequent
urination, mass in low abdomen, diarrhea, irregular discharge and uterus bleeding, prostatitis, irregular
urination and TMJ, migraine headache.
MS5. Middle line of the vertex

Location: From GV-20 to GV-21.
Clinical Indications: “Shen” and Low part of body’s problems including low back pain, back achy,
weakness and painful sensation on the legs and foot, heel pain, frequent urination, prolapsed of organs,
headache which caused by liver Yang rising up and kidney deficiency, ADD, senior dementia, insomnia,
headache, restlessness, blurry vision, poor memory. Sometimes that zone used for emergency problems
such as: coma, lost consciousness, and fainting and neck pain.
537
MS6. Lateral line 1 of the vertex

Location: 2 cun long from BL-6—backward along the meridian.
Clinical Indications: “Shen” and body problems, such as: frequent urination, weakness and sore sensation
on the feet, shoulder pain, numbness and abnormal sensation on the low extremities, low back pain,
difficulty in urine, prolapsed of uterus, dizziness and vertigo, neck pain, headache paralysis, ADD, insomnia,
heart palpitations, dementia and other mental diseases.
MS7. Lateral line 2 of the vertex

Location: 1.5 cun long from GB-17—backward along the meridian.
Clinical Indications: Aphemia by stroke, paralysis of limbs, abnormal sensation on the limbs and body,
headache, convulsion, joins achy, insomnia and other mental problems, numbness and other abnormal
sensation on the upper extremities, paralysis, pain in the shoulder, elbow and wrist, acute neck injury, frozen
shoulder.
MS8. Anterior oblique line from vertex to temple

Location: From GV-21 to GB-6.
Clinical Indications: Paralysis problems after stroke or other brain injuries, upper 1/5 used for opposite
side of leg paralysis, joints achy and dysfunction of muscles. Middle 2/ 5 used for opposite side of arms and
body paralysis, frozen shoulder, including joints pain and dysfunction of muscles as well. Lower 2/5 used
for opposite side of face and neck problems particularly for facial paralysis by central nerve damaged
Aphemia, headache, TMJ, dizziness and vertigo.
MS9. Posterior oblique line from vertex to temple

Location: From GV-20 to GB-7.
Clinical Indications: Upper 1/5 of line used to treat opposite side of low back and leg sensation problems,
such as abnormal feeling, pain, sensation lost, numbness feeling on the leg, back of headache, neck pain,
dizziness and vertigo. Middle 2/5 treat opposite side of upper extremity sensation problems, such as
abnormal sensation, pain, numbness, and sensation lost. Lower 2/5 treat opposite side of face sensation
problems, such as migraine headache, trigeminal pain, blurry vision, tinnitus, toothache, TMJ, and other
sensation lost on the face and side of head.
MS10. Oblique anterior line of the temple

Location: From GB-4 to GB-6.
Clinical Indications: Dizziness and vertigo, Meniere’s disease with vomiting, deafness, ringing ear,
migraine headache, face pain, toothache, Bell’s palsy, TMJ and blurry vision, memory lost, ADD, and senior
dementia.
MS11. Oblique posterior line of the temple

Location: From GB-8 to GB-7.
Clinical Indications: Dizziness and vertigo, insomnia, headache, neck pain, abnormal sweat, ringing ear,
deafness, neck pain, side of body achy, insomnia, ADD, and senior dementia.
538
International Standard Scalp Acupuncture
MS12. Upper-middle line of the occiput

Location: From GV-18 to GV-17.
Clinical Indications: Back of headache, occipital pain, stiff neck, neck pain, middle of back pain,
particularly for low back pain, dizziness and vertigo, poor memory, depression, foot pain.
MS13. Upper lateral line of the occiput

Location: 0.5 cun lateral and parallel to Upper-Middle line of the Occiput.
Clinical Indications: 5 sensory organs problems including eyes, nose, ears and mouth, particularly for eyes
problems, such as: myopia, eyes pain and itching eyes, pain in the occipital region and back of headache, low
back pain on the both side of spinal column, blurry vision, glaucoma, cataract and myopia.
MS14. Lower lateral line of the occiput

Location: 2 cun long from BL-9—straight downward.
Clinical Indications: Balance problems, which caused by cerebellum injured. And neck pain, shoulder pain
and travels down to the arms, headache, dizziness and vertigo, Meniere’s disease, insomnia, emotional
problems including stressful and anxious.
539
540
Meridian Illustrations
APPENDIX 1
Lung
Lung meridian of Hand Tai Yin
541
Large Intestine
Large Intestine Meridian of Hand Yang Ming
542
Stomach
Stomach Meridian of Foot Yang Ming
543
Spleen
Spleen Meridian of Foot Tai Yin
544
Heart
Heart Meridian of Hand Shao Yin
545
Small Intestine
Small intestine Meridian of Hand Tai Yang
546
Bladder
Urinary Bladder Meridian of Foot Tai Yang
547
Kidney
Kidney Meridian of Foot Shao Yin
548
Pericardium
Pericardium Meridian of Hand Jue Yin
549
Triple Warmer
Triple warmer Meridian of Hand Shao Yang
550
Gall Bladder
Gall bladder Meridian of Foot Shao Yang
551
Liver
Liver Meridian of Foot Jue Yin
552
Governing Vessel
Governing Vessel
553
Conception Vessel
Conception Vessel
554
Illustrations for the Adjunctive Therapies
APPENDIX 2

Scalp Acupuncture
Picture 1
International Standard Scalp Acupuncture treatment Lines
555
Picture 2
International Standard Scalp Acupuncture treatment lines
Ear
556
Ear Acupuncture Point Distributions
557
General Ear Acupuncture Point
558
Wrist and Ankle
559
560
Wrist and Ankle Acupuncture (Side view)
561
Hand
Hand Acupuncture points
562
Foot
Foot Acupuncture points
563
Nose
Nose Acupuncture points
564
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567
568
Index
Diabetes ...................................................... 143, 148, 527
A Diarrhea .................74, 151, 157, 228, 229, 352, 408, 516
Abdominal pain......................73, 74, 75, 78, 79, 352, 451 Direct Moxibustion ............................................. 145, 520
Acid regurgitation ............................................... 236, 463 Discomfort after treatment .......................................... 493
Acne.................................................................... 385, 390 Distal points ................................................................ 427
Acute conjunctivitis ............................................ 391, 393 Dizziness and vertigo . 164, 244, 250, 359, 402, 425, 442,
Adjacent points ............................................................. 49 482, 538
Ah Shi points ......16, 48, 49, 65, 102, 103, 104, 106, 161, Dysentery .............................................. 65, 165, 166, 170
193, 195, 196, 204, 237, 238, 264, 266, 270, 300, 301, Dysmenorrhea............. 435, 437, 438, 439, 530, 531, 537
302, 320, 421
E
Amenorrhea ........................................ 429, 430, 432, 433
Aphonia............................................... 380, 395, 397, 398 Ear acupuncture .............................................. 68, 83, 515
Asthma........................................ 37, 81, 82, 86, 352, 531 Eclampsia.................................................... 441, 443, 444
Aversion to cold.......................................................... 419 Edema ..........113, 171, 172, 203, 307, 308, 462, 483, 504
Eight Confluence Points................................................ 57
B Eight Influential Points ................................................. 56
Back-Shu points...............53, 79, 498, 507, 508, 511, 514 Epigastric pain .................................................... 177, 182
Beriberi ....................................................... 95, 96, 97, 98 Epilepsy ........................................ 63, 183, 184, 185, 188
Bi syndrome....45, 56, 101, 102, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, Extra-points................................................................... 48
109, 319, 502, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 519, 520, Eye pain ...................................................................... 291
521, 526 Eye problems ................................................................ 33
Bleeding................................................................ 39, 481
F
Blood .. VII, 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, 16, 18, 22, 23, 28, 29, 30, 37,
38, 39, 40, 43, 44, 53, 55, 56, 62, 67, 73, 74, 75, 76, Facial paralysis...................................................... 92, 373
90, 91, 92, 96, 102, 108, 111, 112, 115, 117, 119, 121, Fainting ....................................................................... 491
127, 128, 132, 137, 159, 160, 164, 165, 166, 177, 178, Febrile diseases ............................................................. 33
183, 184, 191, 192, 193, 195, 196, 199, 201, 202, 203, Fever .36, 82, 95, 128, 152, 216, 228, 229, 244, 255, 256,
205, 209, 210, 214, 231, 235, 236, 237, 239, 240, 243, 285, 314, 351, 391
247, 249, 250, 252, 253, 255, 256, 259, 263, 264, 267, Five Shu points ............................................................. 50
277, 283, 291, 292, 294, 295, 296, 299, 300, 302, 303, Foot Jue Yin Meridian of the Liver............................... 46
305, 306, 307, 308, 310, 311, 315, 319, 324, 326, 337, Foot Shao Yang Meridian of the Gall Bladder ............. 45
343, 354, 355, 370, 371, 372, 373, 378, 379, 385, 386, Foot Shao Yin Meridian of the Kidney......................... 42
387, 388, 389, 390, 401, 413, 423, 424, 425, 429, 430, Foot Tai Yin Meridian of the Spleen ............................ 38
431, 432, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 441, 445, 449, 450, Front-Mu Points ...................................................... 53, 54
451, 460, 461, 462, 464, 467, 468, 469, 472, 479, 480,
481, 482, 484, 485, 486, 493, 500, 501, 504, 507, 508, G
509, 510, 511, 512, 514, 519, 520, 523, 535 Governing Vessel.................. 34, 47, 53, 57, 60, 431, 553
Blood problems............................................... 38, 56, 355
Blood stagnation .....16, 37, 39, 53, 56, 91, 201, 235, 303, H
371, 508, 510, 511, 519 Hand Jue Yin Meridian of the Pericardium .................. 43
Blurry vision ............................................................... 144 Hand Shao Yang Meridian of the Triple Warmer......... 44
Body fluid ....................................................................VII Hand Shao Yin Meridian of the Heart .......................... 39
Borborygmus .............................................................. 358 Hand Tai Yin Meridian of the Lung ............................. 35
C Heart Diseases............................................. 33, 39, 43, 46
Heart palpitation..112, 128, 160, 201, 202, 203, 207, 210,
Chronic fatigue ........................................................... 111 228, 292, 313, 344, 425, 426, 462, 474
Conception Vessel .........34, 47, 53, 57, 60, 105, 359, 554 Hematoma................................................................... 493
Conjunctivitis.............................................................. 391 Hemoptysis ........................................................... 35, 271
Constipation ..66, 112, 127, 128, 129, 132, 203, 209, 210, Hemorrhoids ................................................. 65, 209, 214
386, 414 He-sea points......................... 50, 52, 54, 55, 67, 510, 516
Convulsion.......................................................... 186, 285 Hiccup................................................. 221, 222, 225, 380
Cough...........15, 35, 37, 62, 135, 136, 137, 142, 271, 395 High fever ........................................................... 121, 237
Cough and Asthma........................................................ 37 Hunger ........................................................................ 145
Crossing-Meeting Points............................................... 58 Hypochondriac pain ..... 75, 128, 160, 178, 235, 236, 237,
Crying ......................................................... 278, 279, 280 241, 358, 408, 436
Hypogalactia ....................................................... 445, 448
D
Deafness.............................................. 380, 401, 403, 405
569
I 91, 92, 95, 96, 101, 102, 103, 106, 108, 111, 112, 114,
116, 117, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 127, 128,
Impotence ................................... 113, 243, 244, 247, 264 129, 130, 131, 132, 135, 136, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143,
Indirect Moxibustion........................................... 145, 520 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 157, 159, 160, 163, 164, 165,
Infertility ............................................. 449, 450, 451, 453 166, 169, 171, 172, 173, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181,
Injured brain and spinal cord ...................................... 495 182, 183, 184, 185, 187, 191, 193, 194, 196, 199, 201,
Injured Nerves ............................................................ 495 202, 205, 206, 209, 210, 213, 214, 215, 221, 222, 224,
Injury of other organs ................................................. 494 225, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 235, 236, 237,
Insanity ....................................................................... 278 239, 240, 241, 243, 245, 246, 247, 250, 253, 254, 255,
Insomnia63, 160, 203, 210, 216, 229, 244, 249, 254, 264, 256, 257, 259, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 269, 270, 271,
278, 307, 308, 344, 380, 462, 481, 482 274, 275, 277, 278, 283, 285, 286, 287, 288, 291, 292,
Irregular menstruation................................. 387, 468, 472 293, 294, 295, 296, 299, 300, 302, 303, 305, 306, 307,
J 308, 309, 310, 311, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 319, 321,
322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 328, 329, 331, 332, 333, 337,
Jing-river points ............................................................ 50 340, 343, 344, 346, 348, 349, 351, 354, 357, 358, 359,
Jing-well points....................................... 50, 69, 195, 373 360, 361, 362, 364, 368, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375,
Jiu Ci........................................................................... 507 376, 378, 379, 380, 383, 385, 386, 387, 388, 389, 390,
L 392, 395, 397, 398, 401, 402, 405, 407, 408, 409, 410,
411, 413, 423, 424, 425, 426, 427, 429, 430, 431, 435,
Leg pain ...................................................................... 308 436, 437, 438, 439, 442, 444, 445, 446, 448, 449, 450,
Leukorrhea...................451, 455, 456, 458, 459, 460, 524 452, 453, 455, 456, 457, 459, 460, 461, 463, 464, 467,
Lin syndrome .............................................................. 255 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 476, 477, 479, 480,
Loose stool.....75, 172, 174, 193, 462, 463, 474, 482, 483 481, 482, 484, 485, 486, 487, 491, 492, 493, 495, 497,
Luo-connecting points .................................................. 67 498, 499, 500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508,
M 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 519, 520,
521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 526, 530, 565
Madness ................................................................ 63, 278 Qi deficiency.......12, 26, 46, 47, 54, 68, 82, 86, 119, 122,
Malaria................................................ 285, 288, 289, 526 135, 169, 256, 491, 498, 509, 515, 523, 524, 530
Mania .......................................................................... 277 Qi stagnation .8, 15, 28, 47, 50, 53, 63, 68, 135, 143, 183,
Mastitis ....................................................................... 525 241, 325, 401, 435, 446, 487, 506, 509, 514, 522
Menopause.................................................................. 465
Menoxenia .................................................. 467, 470, 472 R
Mental disorders ................................................... 63, 522 Reinforcing and reducing techniques.................... 50, 500
Migraine headache........................................................ 66 Retention of urine ....................................................... 343
Morning sickness ........................................................ 473
Moxa Pole with Herbs ................................................ 521 S
Moxibustion....III, 3, 7, 15, 76, 83, 91, 97, 104, 106, 107, Scalp acupuncture ............................... 270, 378, 513, 516
114, 122, 129, 138, 145, 153, 161, 167, 173, 179, 195, Shen ......21, 22, 31, 63, 76, 77, 78, 84, 90, 91, 96, 97, 98,
204, 211, 217, 223, 230, 238, 244, 251, 257, 266, 272, 105, 106, 107, 114, 115, 116, 123, 131, 138, 139, 140,
279, 286, 301, 315, 340, 345, 360, 364, 374, 381, 387, 141, 145, 146, 147, 154, 155, 156, 160, 163, 166, 168,
403, 410, 411, 431, 437, 446, 451, 457, 463, 470, 472, 175, 176, 179, 180, 181, 183, 184, 185, 186, 188, 192,
484, 519, 520, 521 194, 196, 199, 201, 203, 205, 210, 212, 216, 224, 228,
N 229, 238, 239, 240, 245, 249, 252, 253, 254, 258, 260,
265, 267, 269, 272, 277, 278, 280, 281, 282, 283, 287,
Neck pain .................................................... 299, 303, 513 288, 293, 301, 302, 308, 309, 314, 315, 322, 323, 325,
Night sweating ............................................ 271, 396, 425 326, 328, 329, 332, 338, 346, 347, 352, 359, 360, 361,
Nightmares.................................................... 63, 250, 326 362, 363, 366, 374, 377, 380, 381, 382, 387, 392, 402,
Numbness ........................................................... 292, 482 405, 409, 416, 432, 438, 441, 442, 443, 444, 447, 452,
P 457, 458, 462, 463, 475, 476, 483, 499, 500, 504, 507,
508, 510, 521, 529, 530, 537, 538, 565
PARALYSIS....................................... 365, 377, 378, 538 Shoulder pain ...................................... 103, 319, 321, 322
Plum-pit ........................................................................ 47 Shu-stream points.......................................................... 50
Poor appetite ............................................... 386, 445, 456 Sinusitis............................................................... 407, 411
Poor memory ................................................ 63, 250, 326 Sore throat....................... 33, 35, 137, 172, 351, 413, 417
Premenstrual tension syndrome .................................. 479 Spleen and Stomach Diseases ....................................... 38
Proctoptosia ........................................ 313, 315, 316, 317 Stiff neck..................................................................... 299
Q Stomach and intestine problems.................................... 44
Sudden loss of voice ............................................. 64, 395
Qi VII, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22,
24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 34, 37, 42, 43, 46, 47, T
48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 56, 61, 63, 64, 67, 68, 69, Tinnitus ....................................................... 403, 423, 427
73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 90, Toothache.................................................................... 534
570
Traumatic pneumothorax ............................................ 493 Wind Stroke .......................................................... 34, 378
Trigeminal neuralgia...337, 338, 340, 341, 342, 498, 533, Wu Ci.................................................................. 507, 516
535
Tuberculosis................................................................ 271 X
Xi-Cleft Points .............................................................. 55
U
Urine retention ........................................................ 64, 65 Y
Urticaria .........36, 351, 352, 353, 354, 355, 511, 529, 533 Yang Qi deficiency ................................. 12, 47, 119, 515
Ying-spring points ........................................................ 50
V
Yu syndrome....................................................... 379, 383
Vomiting .....113, 179, 193, 332, 357, 358, 359, 364, 473, Yuan-Source points....................................................... 51
474
Vomiting of blood....................................................... 179 Z
Zang Fu ..6, 9, 11, 12, 25, 48, 73, 151, 154, 372, 373, 378
W
Wei syndrome......................365, 367, 368, 369, 370, 495
571
Cheng Xiaoming’s experience in health and healing from both an allopathic and Traditional Chinese Medical
(TCM) perspective began in childhood. With a mother trained as a western M.D. and an uncle trained in TCM, he
saw the best of both worlds at an early age. As a teenager, he was first introduced to studying acupuncture points
through training in the martial arts, and then became fascinated by the “miraculous recoveries” he saw in his uncle’s
TCM practice. These “miracles” spurred him to investigate what must be the secret healing treasures of TCM, and
led him to study the Dao De Jing, Yin-Yang theory, and the concept of the body as a whole.
Cheng Xiaoming studied medicine at Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medical University, in the People’s Republic of
China, and then honed his skills by shadowing Master acupuncture practitioners through clinic and learning their
advanced needling techniques after graduation. Trained as both an orthopedic doctor and an acupuncturist, he
began teaching Traditional Chinese Medicine over 30 years ago at Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medical University
and hospital, specializing in both acupuncture and orthopedics.
In 1991, Dr. Cheng’s clinical and teaching grew beyond China, and he was invited to teach at the New England
School of Acupuncture in the United States. Since then, his expertise in the field of acupuncture has become well
recognized in the U.S. He is currently instructing at the Harvard Medical School and is a faculty of the Integrative
Care Center (ICC) at Brigham & Women’s Hospital in Boston.
In addition to teaching and research, Dr. Cheng has a busy private practice in Brookline, MA. There he continues to
gain clinical expertise treating patients for a variety of health issues and complaints such as pain, sports injuries,
neurological disorders, emotional issues, women’s health, respiratory disorders, as well as other internal medicine
diseases.
Dr. Cheng has already published three significant clinical texts in Chinese: Acupuncture for Emergencies, Scalp
Acupuncture, and Acupuncture Pathology & Point Prescriptions. This book is his first English-language publication.
ISBN: 1-4243-2647-8
572

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I

Acupuncture and Moxibustion—A Clinical Desk Reference

CHAPTER I: BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF ACUPUNCTURE & MOXIBUSTION ......................................................... 4

TREATMENT PRINCIPLES OF ACUPUNCTURE AND MOXIBUSTION..................................................................... 6

CHAPTER II: PRINCIPLES OF DIAGNOSIS................................................................................................................... 8

ZANG FU AND MERIDIAN DIAGNOSIS TECHNIQUES ............................................................................................. 14

CHAPTER III: PRESCRIPTION METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................................... 32

THE DISTINGUSHING FEATURES OF THE FOURTEEN MAJOR MERIDIAN INDICATIONS .............................. 34

BASIC CONCEPT OF ACUPUNCTURE POINTS........................................................................................................... 48

APPLICATIONS OF SPECIAL ACUPUNCTURE POINTS ............................................................................................ 49

COMMONLY USED ACUPUNCTURE POINTS FOR SPECIFIC INDICATIONS........................................................ 61

THE METHODOLOGY OF ACUPUNCTURE POINT PRESCRIPTIONS ..................................................................... 67

CHAPTER I: INTERNAL MEDICINE DISORDERS ..................................................................................................... 72

CHAPTER II: E.E.N.T DISORDERS .............................................................................................................................. 384

ACNE ............................................................................................................................................................................... 384

CHAPTER III: O.B.G.Y.N DISORDERS ........................................................................................................................ 428

CHAPTER I: TRADITIONAL NEEDLE TECHNIQUE ............................................................................................... 488

NEEDLE CONTROL: ACCIDENTS IN THE CLINIC .................................................................................................. 490

NEEDLE MANIPULATION TECHNIQUES ................................................................................................................. 496

ANCIENT NEEDLE TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS ........................................................................................ 506

CHAPTER II: MOXIBUSTION ....................................................................................................................................... 519

INDICATIONS ................................................................................................................................................................ 519

APPLICATIONS OF MOXIBUSTION ........................................................................................................................... 520

COMMON USE OF INDIRECT MOXIBUSTION FOR SPECIFIC DISEASES .......................................................... 526

CHAPTER III: DISTRIBUTION OF AURICULAR POINTS & INDICATIONS...................................................... 529

SCAPHOID FOSSA......................................................................................................................................................... 529

UPPER CRUS OF ANTIHELIX ...................................................................................................................................... 529

TRIANGULAR FOSSA................................................................................................................................................... 530

ANTIHELIX .................................................................................................................................................................... 530

TRAGUS .......................................................................................................................................................................... 531

ANTITRAGUS ................................................................................................................................................................ 531

AROUND THE CRUS OF HELIX................................................................................................................................... 532

CAVUM CONCHA ......................................................................................................................................................... 533

EAR LOBE....................................................................................................................................................................... 534

BACK OF EAR ................................................................................................................................................................ 535

CHAPTER IV: INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SCALP ACUPUNCTURE ............................................................ 537

TREATMENT ZONE DISTRIBUTION AND INDICATIONS........................................................................................................ 537

APPENDIX 1....................................................................................................................................................................... 541

MERIDIAN ILLUSTRATIONS ............................................................................................................................................... 541

APPENDIX 2....................................................................................................................................................................... 555

ILLUSTRATIONS FOR THE ADJUNCTIVE THERAPIES ........................................................................................................... 555

INDEX ................................................................................................................................................................................. 569

A General Introduction to Chinese Acupuncture and Moxibustion

CHAPTER I: BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF ACUPUNCTURE & MOXIBUSTION

TREATMENT EFFECTS OF ACUPUNCTURE AND MOXIBUSTION

Regulation of Yin and Yang

Reinforcing Vital Qi and Eliminating Pathogens

TREATMENT PRINCIPLES OF ACUPUNCTURE AND MOXIBUSTION

“Reinforce Deficiency and Reduce Excess.”

“Clear Heat and Warm the Cold.”

“Treat the Branch and the Root.”

“Same disease—different therapeutic method. Different disease—same therapy.”

“Local and Whole Body Therapy”

CHAPTER II: PRINCIPLES OF DIAGNOSIS

BA GANG BIAN ZHENG: Differential Diagnosis—The 8 Principal Syndromes.

Differential Diagnosis of Interior or Exterior Syndrome

Invasion from the Exterior to the Interior

Invasion from the Interior to the Exterior of the body