IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 3 | Issue 05 | November

2016 ISSN (online): 2349-784X

Study on behavior of M-Sand Concrete using

GGBS as Filler
R. Subashini T. Sonia
Assistant professor Assistant professor
Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering
P.S.R. Engineering College, Sivakasi, India P.S.R. Engineering College, Sivakasi, India

Dr. M. Shahul Hameed

Dean
Department of Civil Engineering
P.S.R. Engineering College, Sivakasi, India

Abstract
Concrete is the most extensively used edifice material in civil engineering industry because of its higher structural strength and
stability. The concrete produced with cement contains pores, in order to condense the pores, use of industrial by product like GGBS as a
filler material. The purpose of this present study is to evaluate the suitability of GGBS as a filler material. A cement concrete with M-
sand and GGBS were prepared in different proportions 5%, 10%, 15%. The strength properties were determined such as compressive
and split tensile test at 7 and 28 days. Results show that GGBS is highly significant to improve the strength of concrete as a filler
material. The benefits of using GGBS in cement concrete as a mineral filler 15% gave the better results compared to the other
proportions (0%, 5%, 10%).The study indicates the possibility of using GGBS as filler in cement concrete.
Keywords: Concrete, M-sand, Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag (GGBS), Compressive strength, Split ensile strength
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. INTRODUCTION

Creating quality concrete in the present environment does not depend exclusively on achieving a high strength property.
Improving the strength of the concrete to sustain a longer life span and producing a greener concrete are becoming one of the
main criteria in obtaining eminence concrete. By using industrial by-products such as Ground Granulated Blast-furnace Slag
(GGBS) as mineral admixture added to the Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) in the concrete, the effect of pores in concrete
which makes the concrete pathetic for making the concrete without pores by adding the GGBS as a filler material to withstand
the concrete for higher strength. GGBS is a consequence formed when molten iron blast furnace slag is rapidly cooled by
immersing it in water. When finely ground and mixed with OPC, it will produce obligatory properties. The production of slag is
more environmentally gracious compared to the production of OPC, thus producing a more environmentally pleasant concrete
than the OPC concrete. Studies done shows that adding GGBS to the cement increases the strength properties.

II. MATERIALS USED AND MIX DETAILS

Cement:
The cement used is chettinad OPC 53 grade cement. The Ordinary Portland Cement of 53 grade conforming to IS: 12269-1989
was used. Tests were conducted on cement like Consistency tests, Setting tests, Specific gravity test, and Fineness modulus test.
The properties of cement are given in Table 1.
Table - 1
Properties of cement
S.No Properties Results
1. Specific Gravity 3.16
2. Consistency 3.6%
3. Initial Setting time 30 min
4. Final Setting time 10 hours
5. Fineness modulus 32%

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 Study on behavior of M-Sand Concrete using GGBS as Filler
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Manufactured sand (M-SAND):

M-SAND was used as fully replacement of fine aggregate. M-sand is used as fine aggregate conforming to the requirements of
IS: 383. The properties of M-sand are given in Table 2.
Table - 2
Properties of M-sand
S.No Properties Results
1. Specific Gravity 2.69
2. Fineness modulus 3.36 %

Coarse Aggregate:
The coarse aggregate was used in this investigation is 20mm size crushed aggregate conforming to the requirements of IS: 2386.
The properties of Coarse aggregate are given in Table 3.
Table - 3
Properties of coarse aggregate
S.No Properties Results
1. Specific Gravity 2.6
2. Fineness modulus 8.4 %

GGBS
The physical property of blast furnace slag is given in Table 4.
Table – 4
Properties of GGBS
S.No Properties Results
1. Specific Gravity 2.91
2. Fineness modulus 3.85%

Fig. 1: GGBS

Water:
Portable water used for mixing and curing of concrete.

Mix Proportion:
According to IS 10262-1985 the mix proportion for M25 grade of concrete was arrived.
Table – 5
Mix proportion
Water Cement Fine aggregate Coarse aggregate
191.58 445.53 550.53 1152.01
3 3 3
lit kg/m kg/m kg/m
0.43 1 1.23 2.5

Test Specimens and testing procedure:

The concrete cubes and cylinders were casted in the size of 150 × 150mm and 150 × 300mm.According to the mix proportion of
M25 grade were thoroughly mixed. The cubes and cylinders were properly compacted and casted. All the concrete cubes and
cylinders were de-molded within 24 hours after casting. The de-molded test specimens were appropriately cured in water
available in the laboratory at an age of 28 days. After 7 and 28 days the specimens were tested. Compressive test was carried out
according to the IS: 516-1959 and split tensile test was carried out according to the ASTM C496

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 Study on behavior of M-Sand Concrete using GGBS as Filler
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Fig. 2: Compressive Strength and Split Tensile Strength Test

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Compressive Strength:
The compressive strength of concrete was determined at the age of 7 days and 28 days is given in Table 6.The specimens were
casted and tested as per IS: 516-1959.
Table – 6
Compressive strength of concrete at 7 days and 28 days
Compressive Strength (N/mm2)
S.No Type of Concrete
7 days 28 days
1. MS - CC 22.5 32.76
2. MS - G1 23 33.67
3. MS - G2 24.22 34.44
4. MS - G3 26.1 36.88

Split Tensile Strength:

The split tensile strength of concrete was tested as per specimens were casted and tested as per ASTM C496.The result are given
in Table 7.
Table – 7
Split tensile strength of concrete at 7 days and 28 days
2
Split tensile Strength (N/mm )
S.No Type of Concrete
7 days 28 days
1 MS - CC 2.23 2.59
2 MS - G1 2.4 2.85
3 MS - G2 2.62 3.11
4 MS - G3 2.87 3.39
The compressive strength of concrete for cubes and cylinders, all mixes at 7 and 28 days of curing was represented in Table 6.
Only three cubes and three cylinders were casted by adding various percentages of GGBS as filler. The addition of 15% GGBS
to the weight of cement which gave better results when compared to the m-sand control mix. Medium workability was achieved
with the arrived water cement ratio 0.43. The compressive strength of 26.1 and 36.88 MPa and split tensile strength of 2.87 and
3.39 MPa was achieved in the mix due to the presence of GGBS which exhibits more filler effect. Figure 1 represent the
compressive strength at 7 and 28 days and Figure 2 represent the split tensile strength at 7 and 28 days .The presence of GGBS in
concrete results in denser micro-structure of the concrete matrix which enhanced the strength properties.

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 Study on behavior of M-Sand Concrete using GGBS as Filler
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COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE AT

7 AND 28 DAYS

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (MPa)

40
35
30
25
20 7 days
15
28 days
10
5
0
MS - CC MS - G1 MS - G2 MS - G3
TYPE OF CONCRETE
Fig. 3: Compressive strength of specimens

SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE AT

7 AND 28 DAYS
4
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (MPa)

3.5
3
2.5
2 7 days
1.5
28 days
1
0.5
0
MS - CC MS - G1 MS - G2 MS - G3

TYPE OF CONCRETE
Fig. 4: Split tensile strength of specimens

IV. CONCLUSION

 Fully substitute of river sand by m-sand, which have achieved an equal strength at the age of 7 and 28 days.
  Due to the filler effect of GGBS is increased the compressive and split tensile strength of m-sand concrete.
 In built of 15% filler of GGBS in concrete, to enhance the compressive and split tensile strength of 36.88 and 3.39 MPa
 respectively.
 GGBS can be used as a filler material in concrete. Use of industrial waste products saves the environment and saves natural
resources.

REFERENCES
[1] Venu Malagavelli And P.N.Rao (2010) “High Performance Concrete with GGBS and Robo Sand” International Journal of Engineering Science and
Technology Vol.2.
[2] Yogendra O.Patil et.al, (2013) “GGBS as Partial Replacement of OPC in Cement Concrete – An Experimental Study” IJSR - International Journal of
Scientific Research Volume: 2.
[3] Nimitha Vijayaraghavan And Dr.A.S.Wayal (2013) “Effects of Manufactured Sand on Compressive Strength and Workability of Concrete”, International
Journal of Structural and Civil Engineering Research, Vol.2,2013.
[4] Mahboob Ali And S.M.Hashmi (2014) “An Experimental Investigation on Strengths Characteristics of Concrete with the Partial Replacement of Cement by
Marble Powder Dust and Sand by Stone Dust”, International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, Vol .2.
[5] M.C.Nataraja et.al, (2013) “Use of Granulated Blast Furnace Slag As Fine Aggregate In Cement Mortar”, International Journal of Structural and Civil
Engineering Research, Vol.2.
[6] Nimitha Vijayaraghavan And Dr.A.S.Wayal (2014) “Effect of Manufactured Sand on Durability Properties of Concrete” American Journal of Engineering
Research (AJER), Vol.02..

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 Study on behavior of M-Sand Concrete using GGBS as Filler
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[7] Mahesh Patel et.al, (2013) “Experimental Investigation on Strength of High Performance Concrete with GGBS and Crusher Sand” Indian Journal of
Research, vol.3
[8] IS 516 -1959 “Methods of Tests for strength of concrete”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
[9] IS 10262 -2009 “IS Method of Mix Design”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi. IS 383: 1970 “Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from
natural source for concrete”.
[10] ASTM C496 “Standard test method for split tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimens”.

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