OSPF in DCNs

Global Services Division

ECI Training Department

1.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Content

 DCN Overview
 What is OSPF?

 Benefits of OSPF
 Resiliency in protection
 Greater load sharing
 Improved management
 MCC and OSPF configuration

2.29 OSPF in DCNs

 DCC & DCN

 DCC integrates several platforms (i.e. XDM, BG), with

their own workstations, passing through the SDH
network
 Can also transport the DCC channels of external
devices – DCN
 The DCN is composed of Embedded Communication Channels
(ECC) supported by the equipment itself and an External DCN
supported by standard data equipment

3.29 OSPF in DCNs

 What is OSPF?

 OSPF – Open Shortest Path First

 A protocol that finds the shortest path between

endpoints to transmit DCC between elements

 This is known as dynamic routing via PPP encapsulation

4.29 OSPF in DCNs

 OSPF in LightSoft

 The shortest path is calculated based on the lowest cost

relative to link rate
 For example: the highest link rate gets the lowest cost

 OSPF is calculated by referring to DCC bytes – the MS

DCC will have a lower cost than the RS DCC bytes
because its BW is greater

 RS DCC = 192 Kbps

 MS DCC = 576 Kbps

5.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Example

 Note the following topology with their link costs:

20

100 50

20
10 50

GW-A to DCC-C
via OSPF
6.29 OSPF in DCNs
 Example II

 If the cost on all links is equal, the shortest path will go

via DCC-B

10

10 10

10
10 10

7.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Communication between NEs

 Every 40 seconds the OSPF protocol sends “Hello”

packets
 Multicast packets with the OSPF DB are also sent from
each element to its neighbors

NE A will send Hello packets and multicast

packets to both NE B and NE C
NE A NE C

NE B NE D
8.29 OSPF in DCNs
 IP Forwarding

 XDMs/BGs perform IP forwarding between all network

interfaces, including DCC and Ethernet gateway
management interfaces

 Dynamic OSPF routing is implemented to

automatically determine the routing table

9.29 OSPF in DCNs

 IP Forwarding

 This is standard OSPF and

when you are connected to
routers (e.g. Cisco), they
receive the hello packets
from the XDMs/BGs via the
gateway

 See how the EMS

communicates with the NEs
via the routers using OSPF

10.29 OSPF in DCNs

 IP Forwarding

 The network interfaces in the NPTs support:

 P2P and broadcast interfaces
 Up to four OSPF areas
 Address summarization
 Support for Area Border Router (ABR) functionality
 Support for Autonomous System Border Router functionaries,
including redistribution of static router configuration of HELLO
protocol parameters
 Support of "passive" interfaces to allow distribution of routes to
attached devices

11.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Benefits of OSPF

 DCN is used for management communication between

NEs, EMS, and LCT management stations

 Dynamic routing and PPP encapsulation enable:

 DCN offers greater resiliency in times of DCC/GW failure
 Reduces the load on the limited-capacity DCCs
 Improves performance of the management systems
 Can manage multiple NEs over a single gateway

12.29 OSPF in DCNs

 DCN Network Types

 Several DCN methods are supported on a single NPT:

 MCC with or without OSPF
 DCC with LAN Emulation (static)
 DCC with OSPF
 DCN OSPF

 Multiple DCN modes can communicate with three

different network components in three different modes

13.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Gateway Protection

 DCN resiliency ensures that management

communication is not interrupted when communication
links and NEs fail

 OSPF resiliency is greater than other alternatives such

as Alternate GW

14.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Gateway Protection

 GW Protection:

 Alternate Gateway - Management traffic is automatically and

immediately transferred to the alternative gateway if the
gateway NE or the link to the NE fails

 OSPF Gateway - The DCN routes the management traffic to

circumvent the failure, via multiple gateways
Several GWs manage the same Subnet.
This allows flexibility for better protection and reduces
management traffic load

15.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Gateway Protection – Alternate GWs
 Management of network using alternate gateways

To subnet B

To subnet A

To subnet A

16.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Gateway Protection – OSPF
 Routing through the IP network

17.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Inband Management

 Inband Management refers to providing NPT

management and control paths inband with data that
pass via data cards
 The inband management uses MCC, “InBand
Management Communications Channel”
The term “Inband” means management over the same
links the services use, such as MCS Ethernet or MoE
links
 MCC occupies maximum of 10Mb if being in use
 Usually, MCC works with OSPF to simplify the
configuration and increase resiliancy

18.29 OSPF in DCNs

 MCC Setup

19.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Enable MCC

In order to enable the port for MCC:

1. Click on the port
2. Enable In-band MCC
3. Set the IP address
1

20.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Configuring an OSPF interface

Configuring a new interface

21.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Configuring an OSPF interface

 Define the loopback interface as passive and provide it

an IP address

The OSPF& Passive should

be on

22.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Configuring an OSPF interface

Passive should be
unselected

23.29 OSPF in DCNs

 OSPF interfaces

 If you configured the ports properly you can see them in

the table below

24.29 OSPF in DCNs

 OSPF enable

 Enable the OSPF in all of the NE

25.29 OSPF in DCNs

 OSPG interfaces

 Once you did that, the OSPF should learn and see
its neighbor, check it:
 DR- Designated Router

26.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Default GW

Set route in the global zone so we

will see the MCC elements via our
GW: 172.30.76.31

Type:
22 (x4170M2) ~ # SetRoute

27.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Connection Setting

Define the management port for

the remote NEs once you did that,
the element will be managed
by the MCC address

28.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Lab Management

29.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Ne as Gateway but Communication ip is LB

30.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Cont..

31.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Added I/F in IP Networking

32.29 OSPF in DCNs

 OSPF I/Fs Adjacency States

33.29 OSPF in DCNs

 IP Routing table in NE

34.29 OSPF in DCNs

 SetRoute in Server

35.29 OSPF in DCNs

 Summary

 OSPF/PPP expands the management capacity for

handling large complex networks

 Key advantages:
 Gateway protection
 Support of large-scale networks
 Improved DCN survivability
 MCC and OSPF configuration

36.29 OSPF in DCNs