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Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts
of other elements; chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen.[1] Coal is formed if dead plant matter decays into peat and over millions of years the
heat and pressure of deep burial converts the peat into coal.[2] Vast deposits of coal originates in former wetlands—called coal forests—that covered
much of the Earth's tropical land areas during the late Carboniferous(Pennsylvanian) and Permian times.
COAL DEPOSIT
Mineral deposit containing combustible substances which is considered to be a fossil fuel. Coal is formed from plants that have been fossilized through
oxidation. The end result is a black hard substance that gives off carbon dioxide when burned. Coal is currently the most widely used substance to
generate electricity and heat. Due to the harmful gases that it releases into the environment, the use of coal is constantly being reduced as people
search out alternative fuels.
There are an estimated 1.1 trillion tonnes of proven coal reserves worldwide. This means that there is enough coal to last us around 150 years at current
rates of production. In contrast, proven oil and gas reserves are equivalent to around 50 and 52 years at current production levels. After centuries of
mineral exploration, the location, size and characteristics of most countries' coal resources are quite well known. What tends to vary much more than the
assessed level of the resource - i.e. the potentially accessible coal in the ground - is the level classified as proved recoverable reserves. The largest coal
reserves are in the United States, Russia, China, Australia, and India
COAL IS ONE OF THE EVIDENCES OF CDT BECAUSE: There have been foundings of coal deposits in Antartica. Coal requires warm, lush climate.
The current location of Antartica can’t sustain substantial amount of life. The coal deposits only mean that Antartica might have been positioned in a part
of the Earth where it once supported large quantities of life. This leads to the idea that Antartica once experience a tropical climate, thus, it might have
been closer to the equator.
Thee Andes or Andean Mountain range. It is the longest continental mountain range in the world.
Although there are a number of notable mountain ranges in South America, none come close to the scale and vastness of the Andes. In fact most South
American ranges are just sub-ranges of the Andes. BElow we take a brief look at the Andes and one of it's sub-ranges, Cordillera Blanc. We also
Andes
The Andes is the longest continental mountain range in the World, around 7,000 km (4,300 miles) long. The range spans the full length of the western
side of South America, passing through seven countries: Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina.
Outside of Asia, the Andes also has the highest mountains in the World - with 100 peaks exceeding 6,000m in elevation. Due to its sprawling length and
breadth, the Andes is often categorised into three main climate zones: the tropical Andes, wet Andes and dry Andes.
Apart from the incredibly diverse fauna and flora that is found in the Andes, and the amazing array of cultures that call the Andes home, the mountains
have a number of claims to fame. For example, the Andes are home to Chimborazo, a mountain in the Ecuadorian Andes, which at its summit is the
farthest point from the Earth's center - this is due to the equatorial bulge resulting from the Earth's rotation. Moreover, the World's highest volcanoes are
This mountain system runs from southwestern Morocco along the Mediterranean coastline to the eastern edge of Tunisia. Several smaller ranges are
included, namely the High Atlas, Middle Atlas and Maritime Atlas. The highest peak is Mt. Toubkal in western Morocco at 13,671 ft. (4,167 m).
ROCK FORMATION LINE UP IN WITH THAT IN S.A AS IF IT FIT WAS LONG A MOUNTAIN RANGE