Professional Documents
Culture Documents
KVL KCL 2019 PDF
KVL KCL 2019 PDF
• Nodal Analysis
• KVL
• KCL
Keys:
• FIRST know what you’re looking for
• THEN write simplest equations to get you there
1
Nodal Analysis
Node:
Point at which two or
more circuit elements
are connected
2
KVL: Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
• Sum of voltage drops around a loop = 0
• Voltage drop equations depend on element:
– Ohm’s law (R, L, C)
– Value of voltage sources
– Caution: ideal current source can have any
voltage
– Nonlinear model equations
(diode, MOSFET, etc.)
3
KVL Analogy: What goes up must come down
4
Formal KVL Loop
5
KVL Path
• Simpler equation: don’t always need entire loop
VB = VA -VAB
VE - VED = VD
6
KVL Equations
• Equations not unique: choose easier equation
8
KCL: Kirchhoff’s Current Law
• Sum of currents at a node = 0
I1 – I2 – I3 + I4 = 0
• KCL:
What goes in must come out
I1 + I4 = I2 + I3
9
KCL Trouble
Example: Find I10
10
“Supernode”: What goes in must come out
I10 = I1
11
Summary: “Tools” in circuit analysis toolbox
– Nodal Analysis
• General procedure for solving for circuit V, I
– KVL
• Energy conservation
• Sum of voltage drops around loop = 0
• “What goes up must come down”
• Shortcut: KVL path
– KCL
• Charge conservation
• Sum of currents at a node = 0
• “What goes in must come out”
• Shortcut: Supernode
12