POLGOV REVIEWER

1. The state shall pursue and
independent foreign policy. In its
relations with other states that
paramount consideration shall be
national sovereignty, territorial
integrity, national interest, and the
right to self-determination.
2. The prime duty of the government is
to serve and protect the people. The
government may call upon the
people to defend the state and, in
fulfillment thereof, all citizens may be
required, under conditions provided
by law, to render personal military or
civil services.
3. The separation of church and state
shall be inviolable.
4. Object and value of preamble
a. Sets down origin and
purposes of the constitution.
i. It tells us who are the
authors of the
constitutions and for
whom it has been
promulgated; and
ii. It states the general
purposes which are
intended to be
achieved by the
constitution and the
government
established under it,
and certain basic
principles underlying
the fundamental
charter.
b. May served as an aid in its
interpretation.
5. The state recognizes the sanctity of
family life and shall protect and
strengthen the family as a basic
autonomous social institution. It shall
equally protect the life of the mother
and the life of the unborn from
conception. The natural and primary
right and duty of parents in the
rearing of the youth for civic
efficiency and the development of
moral character shall receive the
support of the government.
6. The state recognizes the role of
women in nation building, and shall
ensure the fundamental equality
before the law of women and men.
7. The state shall afford full protection
to labor, local and overseas,
organized and unorganized, and
promote full employment and
equality of employment opportunities
for all.
8. Archipelago shall be regarded as a
single unit, so that the waters
around, between, and connecting
the islands of the archipelago,
irrespective of their breadth and
dimensions, form part of the internal
waters of the state, subject to its
exclusive sovereignty.
9. Role of communication in nation
building
a. Dissemination of news
information to the public
b. Formation of enlightened
citizenry
c. Promotion of efficiency and
economy in government and
business.
d. Development of society.
10. The state shall maintain honesty and
integrity in the public service and
take positive and effective measures
against graft and corruption.
11. Meaning of life, liberty and property
a. Life, as protected by due
process of law, means
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something more than mere
animal existence.
b. Liberty, as protected by due
process of law, denotes not
merely freedom from physical
restraint.
c. Property, as protected by due
process of law, may refer the
thing itself or to the right over a
thing
12. -
13. Principle of separation of powers
a. Presidential system – by virtue
of this principle, are divided
into 3 distinct classes: the
legislative, the executive, and
the judicial.
b. Parliamentary system – the
three (3) fold division of power
is observed in the presidential
form of government which is
distinguished by the separation
of authority between the
executive and the legislative
organs.
c. French presidential –
parliamentary system. – This is
a variant of the two (2) types of
government. The present
government of France
established in 1958, is known
as the fifth republic.
14. Requisite for valid search warrant or
warrant arrest
a. It must be issued upon
probable cause;
b. The probable cause must be
determined personally by the
judge himself;
c. Such determination of
existence of probable cause
must be made after
examination by the judge of the
complainant and the witnesses
he may produce; and
d. The warrant must be
particularly described the place
to be searched, and the person
or things to be seized.
15. When search may be made without
warrant
a. Where there is consent or
waiver;
b. Where search is an incident to
a lawful arrest
c. In the case of contraband or
forfeited goods being
transported by ship,
automobile, or other vehicle,
where the officer making it has
reasonable cause for believing
that the latter contains them, in
view of the difficulty attendant
to securing a search warrant.
d. Where without a search the
possession of articles
prohibited by law is disclosed
to plain view or is open to eye
and hand
16. Under the constitution, a person may
be deprived by the state of his life,
liberty, or property provided due
process of law is observed. But what
is meant by due process of law? no
exact definition has been given to the
expression, the reason being that the
idea expressed therein is applicable
under so many diverse conditions or
situations as to make any attempt at
precise definition impossible.
17. Scope of freedom of expression
The constitutional guarantee of
freedom of expression includes the
specific guarantees of free speech and
free press, the rights of assembly and
petition, the right to form associations
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or societies not contrary to law, and circumstances and conditions both in

the right to religious freedom. the privileges conferred and liabilities
18. Kinds of citizens under the imposed.
constitution 21. -
a. Natural-born citizen 22. -
b. Citizen s at the time of the 23. Term office of the senator - it is six (6)
adoption of the new years.
constitution. 24.
c. Citizens through election 25. -
d. Naturalized citizens 26. -
27. -
19. Loss of citizenship 28. -
a. Voluntarily - 29. -
i. By naturalization in a 30. -
foreign country 31. -
ii. By express 32. -
renunciation of 33. -
citizenship 34. -
iii. By subscribing to an 35. -
oath of allegiance to 36. -
support the constitution
and laws of a foreign
country; and
iv. By rendering service to,
or accepting
commission in the
armed forces of a
foreign country(except
under circumstances);
b. Involuntarily -
i. By cancellation of his
certificate of
naturalization by the
court; and
ii. By having been
declared by competent
authority, a deserter in
the philippine armed
forces in time of war.

20. Equal protection of law signifies that “

all persons subject to legislation
should be treated alike, under like