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Innovation of LNGC
Innovation of LNGC
Chapter 1. Introduction
Active Fleet: 499(by end of 2018) Order Book: 130+(by end of 2018)
LNG Property
Range Standard
LNG Composition (Mol%) (Mol%)
Boiling point at 1 bar absolute (0.1 MPaA) °C -161.5 -88.6 -42.5 -5 36.1 -196°C
Liquid density at boiling Point kg/m3 426.0 544.1 580.7 601.8 610.2 808.6
Vapour SG at 15 °C and 1 bar absolute (0.1 MPaA) - 0.554 1.046 1.540 2.07 2.49 0.97
Flammable limits in air by volume % 5.3 to 14 3 to 12.5 2.1 to 9.5 2 to 9.5 3 to 12.4 NA
Vaporisation heat at boiling point kJ/kg 510.4 489.9 426.2 385.2 357.5 199.3
Temperature – Pressure Graph
-165 -160 -155 -150 -145 -140 -135 -130 -125 -120 -115 -110 -105 -100 -95 -90 -85 -80 -75 -70 -65-60-55-50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 25 50 75 100
60
50
40
30
20
Propane
2mol%Ethane PRESSURE
bar(absolute)
10
9
8
7
Methane Ethylene Ethane Propylene Propane
6
4
Butadrene
1.3
3
N. Butane
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
-165 -160 -155 -150 -145 -140 -135 -130 -125 -120 -115 -110 -105 -100 -95 -90 -85 -80 -75 -70 -65 -60-55 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 25 50 75 100
TEMPERATURE(0 C)
Propulsion System of LNG Carriers
Fuel Environment
Boiler + Steam Turbine Issue
Consumption
BOG Re-liquefaction
Operation
& +Slow Diesel
Maintenance Operation
Cost
DFDE Generator +
Electrical Motor
Boil Off Gas
Handling
MEGI engine
?
(2 stroke Diesel Cycle)
Crew Shipbuilding
Training Cost
XDF engine
?
(2 stroke otto Cycle)
Thermal efficiency of propulsion system
Propulsion Type and Characteristics
Boiler + Steam Turbine DFDE + El Motor MEGI (2 stroke Diesel) XDF (2 stroke OTO)
FG Consumption
175 130 110 108
(tonnes/day)
Note: LNG fuel consumption figures In the table above are at designed service speeds. Source: HIS Markit
Conventional LNGC propulsion System
World 1st LNGC Re-Liquefaction
LNG Re-Liquefaction (N2 Compander)+ Slow Diesel
To GCU
CG408
GCU
CG451
CG406
No.3 LD Comp.
CG536
CG415
DFE (P)
CG534
In-line No.2 LD Comp. DFE (S)
CG586
Mixer CG405
Forcing Vaporiser
Mist To Regas
Sep. Recondenser
No.1 LD Comp. CG538
After Cooler
CG535
CG106
Vapour Main
Spray Main
No.1
Vent Mast
Auto-ignition Temperature(‘C)
DIESEL 210
METHANE(CH4) 540
WINGD X-DF Dual Fuel Design(OTTO Cycle)
The X-DF principle with gas admission (left) compliant without exhaust-gas after-treatment
and ignition (right)
- Particulate matter emissions significantly reduced.
DIESEL Cycle vs OTTO Cycle
Propulsion
Innovation of LNGC Propulsion System
Boiler DFDE
+ + MEGI Engine
Steam Turbine Electric Motor 2-Stroke XDF Engine
(MAN B&W) 2-Stroke
(Win GD)
Waste
Innovation of LNGC
HP Fuel Pump
Cargo GMS
LD BOG(LD)
Compressor + FG Compressor
Compressor
HICOM
HIVAR
FRS
PRS
MRS
SUBCOOL
C3-MR
• MEGI Configuration
• MEGI + HICOM
• MEGI + HIVAR
• HICOM (Burchardt Compressor)
• HIVAR fuel pump
• GVT
MEGI(LNG to 2 Stroke Diesel Engine)
Fuel Gas
MEGI 2 Stroke Diesel Engine
HICOM & HIVAR for MEGI
MEGI + HICOM/HIVAR(CASE A)
MEGI + HICOM/HIVAR(CASE B)
PV-058
PV-028
PV-018 PV-038 PV-057
CG920
ME-GI GVT ME-GI Engine
CG965
5 Stage HP Compressor CG939
GCU GVU GCU
ESD
CG942
CG938
No.1 HP Pump DFG GVU DF Generator
ESD
HP Forcing
CG941
GW Exp.
Vaporiser Tank
No.1 GW Circ. Pump
No.2 HP Pump GW/Steam
Heater
CS962 No.2 GW Circ. Pump
CS906
CG986
CS905 FBOG
Mist. FBOG
LP Forcing Spray Pipe Spray Pipe Sepa. Heater
Vaporiser CG985
CL903
No.4 Cargo Tank No.3 Cargo Tank No.2 Cargo Tank No.1 Cargo Tank
Parallel Mode
HIVAR Only
Number of sets 1
Suction pressure 0.103 MPa A
Suction temperature -90 °C
Discharge pressure 30.6 MPa A
Discharge temperature 43 °C
Standard volume flow 4,880 Nm3/h
Inlet volume flow 3,233 m3/h
Shaft power (coupling) 1,190 kW
Electric motor rating 1,500 kW
Rotation speed 712 rpm
Electric Power Supply 6.6 kW / 60 Hz / 3Ph
BOG Compressor(Burckhardt Compression)
BOG High Pressure Compressing Process
BOG Compressor(Burckhardt Compression)
Compressor Off
Pre-Start condition
Start-Up
Delay
1
Step 3 Cylinder Lubrication Ready for Cyl.
Lubrication
RunStart And
Command
Compressor Run
HIVAR System
HIVAR – Fuel Pump
HIVAR – Fuel Pump
HP Pump & Motor
Maker Cryostar S.A.S
Model & Type HPP3-65/90 & Reciprocating Pump
Number of Sets 2
Process Data
Fluid: LNG
Fluid temperature: -160 °C
Density (at fluid temp.): 0.5 kg/dm3
Suction pressure (max operating pressure): 0.8 MPaG
Suction pressure, design: 1.2 MPaG
Operating Data
Flow: 9.0 m3/h with SG=0.5, 4,500 kg/h
Max allow. discharge pressure: 31.5 MPaG
Discharge pressure, design: 37.0 MPaG
Shaft power: 64.0 kW
Pump speed: 230 min-1
NPSP, required (pump inlet): 1.5 to 2.5 m
Drive Data
Motor Size: 160 kW
Voltage, phase, frequency: 440 V/60 Hz/3-Phase
Motor speed: Variable speed
HIVAR – Vaporizer
HIVAR – Vaporizer
HP Vaporiser
Maker DongHwa Entec.
Type BEU
Number of Sets 1
Shell Side
Fluid: Glycol Water
Fluid Quantity: 20942 kg/hr
Design pressure: 10.0 bar(g)
Operating pressure: 8.0 bar(g)
Design temperature: 110 °C
Operating temperature(In/Out): 90/50 °C
Tube Side
Fluid: LNG
Fluid Quantity: 4740 kg/hr
Design pressure: 350.0 bar(g)
Operating pressure: 320.0 bar(g)
Design temperature(In/Out): -165/120 °C
Mist
Sep.
OverPressure
Valves
No.2 Water
Rec. Cooler No.1 XDF
LD Comp. No.2
No.2 Inter No.2 After
Cooler Cooler No.2 XDF
Forcing Vap.
No.1 DFGE
No.2 DFGE
No.4 DFGE
23 Vent Valve Open (by IAS) (CG106) 33 Vent Valve Open (by IAS) (CG106)
21 Vent Valve Close (by IAS) 31 Vent Valve Close (by IAS)
PAHH LNG Vaporiser Trip PAHH LNG Vaporiser Trip
20 30
Forcing Vaporiser Trip Forcing Vaporiser Trip
PAH PAH
120.3 kPaA 19 GCU Start Request Alarm 130.3 kPaA 29 GCU Start Request Alarm
17 LNG Vaporiser Stop Request Alarm 27 LNG Vaporiser Stop Request Alarm
21
11
Ballast Ballast
Voyage Voyage
14
Laden Laden
Voyage 5 GCU Stop Request Alarm Voyage 5 GCU Stop Request Alarm
105.3 kPaA 4 LNG Vaporiser Start Request Alarm 105.3 kPaA 4 LNG Vaporiser Start Request Alarm
X-DF Gas Flow Rate Limit Control (Optional) X-DF Gas Flow Rate Limit Control (Optional)
(by IAS Cargo Tank Low Pressure Controller) (by IAS Cargo Tank Low Pressure Controller)
PAL PAL
3 DFGE Sequenctial Changeover to MDO/LSMGO Mode 3 DFGE Sequenctial Changeover to MDO/LSMGO Mode
(5 Min Delay) (by IAS) (5 Min Delay) (by IAS)
PALL PALL
2 All DFGE Changerover to MDO/LSMGO Mode 2 All DFGE Changerover to MDO/LSMGO Mode
(30sec. Delay)(by IAS) (30sec. Delay)(by IAS)
X-DF Gas Flow Rate Limit to Zero (by IAS) X-DF Gas Flow Rate Limit to Zero (by IAS)
(Optional) No.1/No.2 FGC Stop (Optional) No.1/No.2 FGC Stop
PAVL PAVL
0.3 By ESDS (GH018) 0.3 By ESDS (GH018)
0 0
-1 Vacuum Relief Valve Open (Local) -1 Vacuum Relief Valve Open (Local)
• PRS/FRS
• MRS
• C3MR
• ecoSMRT
MEGI + FRS(Full Reliequefaction System)
PRS/FRS(Partial/Full Re-liquefaction System)
FRS Heat Balance(DCHE/J-T Valve)
FRS Heat Balance
XDF + PRS(Partial Re-liquefaction System)
FG COMPRESSOR
Specification
Maker KOBELCO
Model KS40STX
C-101A (No.2 FG Compressor)
Compressor Item No:
C-101B (No.1 FG Compressor)
Type Screw, electric motor driven
Number of Sets 2
Suction temperature at
-40 ~ 43
compressor (°C)
Design flow rate (kg/h) 4,550 8,000
Design inlet volume
6,607 6,957
(m3/h)
Discharge pressure
1.7 3.2
(MPaA)
Discharge temperature
43 ~ 32
(°C)
Pressure ratio 16.425
Total BHP (kW) 1,086 1,915
Speed (rpm) 3,550
BOG BOOSTING COMPRESSOR
Specification
Maker: KOBELCO
Model KR50V-2
Reciprocating, electric motor
Type
driven
Number of Sets 1
Capacity 3,500 kg/h
Inlet temperature +43 °C
Inlet pressure 1.67 MPaA
Discharge pressure 15.1 MPaA
Discharge temperature 43 °C
Rated output 610 kW
Speed/No. of pole 440 rpm/16 pole
Power 6.6 kV, 60 Hz, 3 Phase
PRS(Partial Re-liquefaction System)
XDF + PRS/MRS
XDF + MRS(Methane Re-liquefaction System)
PRS/MRS Heat Balance
On-Shore LNG Plant Technology to LNGC
On-Shore LNG Plant Technology to LNGC
MR Compressor of Standard Oil-Injected type – Working Principle
C3-MR Re-Liquefaction System
40PV1608
18 19
40LV1607
20 Economiser
Propane Propane
Condenser Skid Condenser
40PV1365
40PV1615
Propane Propane
Storage Tank Separator
40LV1605 23 15 16 17
24
25HV1001
From LD MR Comp. MR Comp.
Coalescer
Compressor Skid Aftercooler
25PV1005 1 28 27 7
26 25 8
BOG MR
2 Precooler Precooler 14
25PV1075 9
To Liquid Main
4 MR Expansion
Drum
BOG
Recondenser
MR
Vent Gas Separator
25TV1035 11
Separator 3
40LV1320
25TV1030
13 40PV1325 12
5 25LV1040
6
To Cargo Tanks
PFD Stream Number LNG in - Tank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
Medium LNG BOG BOG LNG BOG LNG LNG/BOG MR MR MR MR MR MR MR MR MR MR Propane Propane Propane Propane Propane Propane Propane Propane Propane Propane Propane
Vapour Fraction 0.000 1.000 1.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0.040 1.000 1.000 0.000 0.269 0.000 0.064 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 0.000 0.274 1.000 0.000 0.149 0.000 0.000 0.694 0.626
Molecular Weight 16.6 17.9 17.9 17.9 25.3 17.9 17.9 40.0 -23.8 -43.0 43.0 23.8 23.8 27.0 27.0 27.0 27.0 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1
Temperature C 162.2 45.0 -10.0 -160.4 -160.3 -160.3 -163.9 10.0 -10.0 -10.0 -39.2 -160.4 -164.9 -14.0 -13.5 95.7 40.0 13.0 63.0 44.7 44.7 10.2 10.2 -13.0 -13.0 -13.0 -12.7 -12.7
Pressure bar 1.06 6.50 6.20 6.09 4.75 4.75 3.50 22 22 22 3 22 3 2 2 22 22 3 16 15 6 6 6 3 3 3 3 3
Mass Flow kg/h 3066 3066 3066 0.0 3066 3066 18230 13316 4914 4914 13316 13316 18230 18230 18230 18230 11029 15239 15239 15239 4173 11066 11066 12209 1202 12209 1202
Molar Flow kgmole/h 170.9 170.9 170.9 0.0 170.9 170.9 675 561 114 114 561 561 675 675 675 675 250 346 346 346 95 251 251 277 27 277 27
Mass Density kg/m3 436.15 4.45 5.17 467.88 14.08 467.62 136.19 25 27 527 22 568 99 3 3 21 25 7 31 459 459 14 515 43 546 546 10 11
Actual Volume Flow m3/h 237.08 689.10 592.80 6.55 0.00 6.56 22.51 718 489 9 219 23 134 5746 5886 975 718 1615 493 33 33 302 22 256 22 2 1225 109
Mass Enthalpy kj/kg -3481.4 -3589.3 -4280.8 -903.0 -4280.8 -4280.8 -1967.0 -2040.2 -2448.5 -2448.5 -2697.7 -2697.7 -2033.8 -2033.8 -1853.5 -1967.0 -2427.3 -2327.2 -2663.2 -2663.2 -2399.9 -2762.5 -2762.5 -2821.0 -2821.0 -2547.3 -2574.0
Viscosity cP 0.122 0.013 0.011 0.102 0.007 0.101 0.131 0.012 0.011 Empty Empty 0.255 Empty 0.010 0.010 0.014 0.012 0.007 0.010 0.082 Empty 0.008 0.115 Empty 0.145 0.145 Empty Empty
C3-MR Re-Liquefaction System
ecoSMRT(Bobcok;LGE)
ecoSMRT(Bobcok/LGE)
ecoSMRT(Bobcok/LGE)
ecoSMRT(Bobcok/LGE)
LNGC Warring State Period
Survive in the new era of LNG technology along with VMT