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Diagomar Plus
User Guide
A rapid lubricating oil analysis service for monitoring the performance
and condition of marine engines and auxiliary machinery.
TABLE OF CONTENT DIAGOMAR PLUS
Diagomar Plus is a high quality marine lubricants analysis
service backed by Lubmarine’s worldwide network of
technical experts.

This advanced, easy-to-use system is an essential cost-saving service,

Diagomar Plus 1 which enables you to minimize equipment failure and maintenance,
as well as maximize oil life.

Why do you need an Used Oil Analysis Programme ? 2

Diagomar Plus offers:

How to draw a representative sample ? 3 High Speed: Fast, convenient analysis of lubricant samples with results within
2 working days.

How to complete the label and send the sample ? 4 High Efficiency: Automatic transfer and storage of analysis reports into a full
historical database available on-line.

Diagomar Plus Report, Results at a glance 5 High Reliability: The latest technologies and state-of-the-art
measurement equipment.

User Friendly-Operation: Easy to read reports and intuitive website system.

Result Interpretation 7
Four strategically located laboratories worldwide: Rotterdam, Singapore,
Shanghai and Columbus (USA).
The Lubricant condition 8
The added value of a dedicated trained technical expert checking and
The Equipment condition 9 commenting on each analysis report.
The Contamination 10

The Internet Reporting System (IRS) 11

Diagomar Plus was developed by Lubmarine in co-operation with Intertek Testing
Service (ITS) Caleb Brett, which is recognized as a world leader in the inspection
Index 12 and testing of lubricants, fuels, petroleum products and chemicals.

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WHY DO YOU NEED AN USED HOW TO DRAW
OIL ANALYSIS PROGRAMME ? A REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE ?
The lubricant in service is subject to stress and may eventually become unsuitable to meet its An analysis can give detailed information provided that the sample is representative of
lubrication role. The main deficiencies can be: the oil in service.

• Consumption of additives under stress In order to get the most accurate results, it is better to take the sample:
• Contamination (by fuel, cooling water, fresh or sea-water)
• Degradation of physical characteristics (viscosity, base number…) • With the sample bottle provided with the sampling kit.

• As close to the normal operating temperature as possible.

Parts of the engine or the equipment may have metal to metal contact, abrasion, corrosion etc.,
which leads to wear. • From the main supply line of the equipment, preferably downstream.

• Always from the same sampling point.

In that respect, the used oil analysis program is essential to:
• After flushing a quantity of oil from the sampling point (from 0.5 to 1 liter)
Increase the lubricating oil life (extend drain oil intervals) before drawing the sample.

Provide timely corrected actions when required • Directly into the sample bottle.
If it is not possible, the sample should be drawn into a clean container
Optimize the equipment maintenance (which should never be rinsed with a solvent).

Extend the equipment components’ life

NB: It is highly recommended to follow either equipment maker’s recommended sampling

intervals or the classification societies’ guidelines when available. The sample bottle must be filled
to only 90% of its capacity and
For the purposes of routine analyses, when manufacturers do not give any recommendations, should be carefully sealed.
the figures in the table below can be taken as an indication.

EQUIPMENT SAMPLING FREQUENCY

Main Engine 3/6 months
Diesel Generator 4/8 months
Hydraulic System 12 months
Turbo-Charger 6 months
Heat Transfer System 12 months
Gears 12 months
Compressor (Air & Refrigeration) 12 months
Stern Tube 3/6 months

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 HOW TO COMPLETE THE LABEL DIAGOMAR PLUS REPORT,
AND SEND THE SAMPLE ? RESULT AT A GLANCE.
In order to guarantee that the sample will be analyzed as quickly as possible, Lubmarine’s final reports include the results of the last four analyses in one easy-to-follow table,
it is important to completely and correctly fill out the label provided. with symptoms and comments separated from the figures for extra clarity.
Omissions or mistakes in the label information may delay the results of the analysis.
The simple format enables you to view at a glance how the main characteristics have evolved
The main points which are essential to identify the sample are: over the reported time scale.

• The name of the vessel In addition, in order to get an immediate indication of the out of limit values,
• The unit ID (LM – LubMarine Number) the data concerned are highlighted in:
• The full name of the lubricant
• The equipment type (engine, gearbox, turbine…) - Blue and Italic when Caution - Example: 228
• The date of sampling - Red and Bold when Urgent - Example : 272
• The oil hours in service
Vessel Name CMA CGM LEO
Company CMA/CGM
Unit Name EMERGENCY GENERATOR
Unit ID LM01331956

Description of the Description Generator Engine

Unit Make
Model NTA-855-DMGE
Oil Type DISOLA W
Report No: 15-102177-01
Reported: 24-Jul-2015

ATTN: LUBMARINE-FR
FAX: 00 33 1 41 35 20 92

Symptoms Lubricant condition is Normal. Note levels of wear metals.

Sticker to keep Symptoms Comments If the wear level increases the system will have to be inspected. To be

& Comments
monitored.

for on-board
Sticker to
Label Remarks:

records, in order
be affixed on
to track the
the sample DATA

sample in the 4 Graphs:

URGENT NORMAL CAUTION URGENT

bottle
Sample No 2052627 2302447 2435506 2098965
Date Sampled 04/07/2014 07/01/2015 09/04/2015 05/07/2015

laboratory Date Received

Port Landed
23/07/2014
HKG
21/01/2015
HKG
17/04/2015
HKG
22/07/2015
HKG Viscosity
Oil on Label DISOLA W DISOLA W DISOLA W DISOLA W
Purifier/Filter
Equipment Life Hrs
N.A.
54
N.A.
55
N.A.
57
N.A.
58 BN or Water
Wear Elements
Oil Life Hrs 6 7 9 10

Choose Top up Volume - - - -

the laboratory
ANALYSIS
Contaminants
Kinematic Visco @40 °C mm2/s 94.5 95.4 94.4 91.3

according to
Kinematic Visco @100 °C mm2/s 13.4 13.4 13.3 13.3
Viscosity Index 142 140 140 146
Insolubles % 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2

the location of Flash Point @180 °C

Water Content %mass
PASS
0
PASS
0
PASS
0
PASS
0

the vessel
BN mg KOH/g 10.41 10.99 9.87 10.16
PQ-index 11 9 8 7

Analysis & SPECTRO ANALYSIS

WEAR ELEMENTS
Data out of limits
Results Iron
Chromium
(Fe)
(Cr)
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0 highlighted
Molybdenum (Mo) 36 25 26 28
Copper (Cu) 92* 48 67* 103*
Lead (Pb) 1 2 0 3
Silver (Ag) 0 0 0 0
Tin (Sn) 0 0 0 0
Aluminium (Al) 1 2 1 1
CONTAMINANTS
Nickel (Ni) 0 0 0 0
Vanadium (V) 0 0 0 0
Silicon (Si) 11 7 7 8
Boron (B) 374 269 264 264
Sodium (Na) 0 0 0 0
Magnesium (Mg) 9 8 8 6
OTHER METALS
Phosphorus (P) 1051 1027 1127 1125
Zinc (Zn) 1195 1172 1262 1378

The label should be sent with the sample. It is highly recommended Barium
Calcium
(Ba)
(Ca)
0
3298
0
2947
0
3242
0
3228

to send the samples by express mail, in order to be able to track Values with *: Red and Bold = URGENT / Blue and Italic = CAUTION

the samples and to speed up the process of transmission

The validity of symptoms and comments is depending on the representativity of the sample. Comments are advisory only. Report V4.0 Lab S

to the laboratory.
For each alarm level, a Lubmarine Technical Expert makes a detailed diagnosis and gives
comments on the recommended remedial actions.
The number and the type of test will depend on the nature of the oil application.

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 ANALYSIS SCHEME ACCORDING TO THE OIL TYPE
RESULT INTERPRETATION

PARAMETER TEST METHOD ENGINE GAS ENGINE AUXILIARY THERMAL STERN

OIL OIL OIL OIL TUBE OIL The interpretation of the Diagomar Plus reports can be divided
in several parts:
Viscosity 40°C* ISO 3104 modified P P P P P
Viscosity 100°C ISO 3104 modified P P P P P • The lubricant condition
Viscosity Index (VI) Calculated P P P P P • The equipment condition
Insolubles FTIR P P • The contamination
Oxidation FTIR P P
Flash Point ASTM D93 P P P
Water Content Karl-Fisher in house P P P P P
Each part gives essential information regarding the optimization of the oil changing intervals,
BN ASTM D 2896 modified P P as well as minimizing the equipment failure and maintenance.
AN ASTM D 664 modified P P P
PQ PQ Analex P P P P P Used oil analysis is comparable to a medical analysis with a blood test. Like blood, lubricating
Elemental Analysis ASTM D 5185 P P P P P oil contains a great deal of information about the system in which it circulates
(linked to component wear) and the lube oil itself (condition and contamination).
*Please refer to the Index for the meanings.

The engine oil analysis refers to lubricants used in engines, whatever the type of engine.

The gas engine oil analysis refers to lubricants used in engines which burn gas fuel.

The auxiliary oil analysis corresponds to lubricants used in all auxiliary equipment like gears,
air compressors, refrigerating compressors, turbines and hydraulic systems.

The thermal oil analysis is especially carried out to check if there is no cracking of the oil due
to the high temperature in service.

The stern tube oil analysis is performed for the insurance or classification society inspection
according to Lloyds as well as Bureau Veritas limits.

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THE LUBRICANT CONDITION THE EQUIPMENT CONDITION

The most important function of the lubricant is to reduce the friction between components, The spectrometric analysis provides data on the content of metals coming from the wear
in order to minimize heat and wear. It is also used to transmit heat (as a coolant) or energy of the equipment components (size less than 5 µm in average).
(like hydraulic fluid).
This is the reason why it is essential to have in mind the type of metallurgy of
Maintaining the lubricant’s physical properties enables oil change intervals to be extended as the components.
well as the life of equipment on board.
Wear metals may come from:
ENGINE LUBRICANT CONDITION • metal to metal contact
• abrasive corrosion
Parameter Description of the Parameter Possible origin of the
Parameter Deviation
• Soot contamination Parameter Engine Auxiliary Equipment
• Poor/improper combustion • Gears (gearing)
• HFO contamination • Cylinder liners
High Viscosity • Cylinders/ piston rings (compressor)
• Oxidation & thermal degradation Iron • Piston rings
Viscosity measures the ability • Pump housing/ rod (hydraulic)
• Improper grade or mixture • Camshaft, crankshaft
of the lubricant to flow • Bearings (turbine)
• Stuffing-Box leakage (drain oil ingress)
• Bearings • Bearings (hydraulic)
• Fuel dilution Chromium
Low Viscosity • Piston rings • Piston rings (compressor)
• Improper grade or mixture
Molybdenum • Piston rings • Piston rings (compressor)
BN measures the lube oil ability to • Clutches (gearing)
• Overextended oil change intervals
Base Number neutralize strong acids produced Copper • Bearings • Piston pumps (hydraulic)
• Improper grade or mixture
during the combustion process • Bearings
• Soot contamination Lead • Bearings • Bearings
• Poor/improper combustion Silver • Bearings (EMD engines)
In service, the oil is contaminated
Insolubles • Blow-by
by a number of insoluble products • Piston/ bearings
• Oxidation & thermal degradation • Piston
Tin (compressor)
• Purifier efficiency • Bearings
• Bearings
• Piston • Clutches (gearing)
AUXILIARY LUBRICANT CONDITION Aluminum • Bearings • Piston/ bearings compressor)
• Fuel catalyst contamination • Pump housing (hydraulic)
Parameter Description of the Parameter Possible origin of the
Parameter Deviation
The Particle Quantifier (PQ) index is carried out to detect the important processes of wear
• Oxidation & thermal degradation
High Viscosity (detection of all iron particles, whose size is greater than 10µm).
Viscosity measures the ability of • Improper grade or mixture
the lubricant to flow • Partial additive shearing
Low Viscosity The important point is the trend of the PQ index. It is representative of the rate that
• Improper grade or mixture wear is occurring in the equipment.
AN measures the acids built up in • Overextended oil change interval
Acid Number
the lubricant • Oxidation & thermal degradation

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THE CONTAMINATION
THE INTERNET
REPORTING SYSTEM (IRS)
The contamination may come from:
IRS is the user-friendly tool with enhanced features for the management of used oil
analysis reports:
• Fuel (engine)
• Cooling system (engine)
• Diagomar Plus reports are systematically checked and commented
• Dust, dirt…
upon by Lubmarine’s team of Technical Experts,
• Water (either fresh or salt)
• Once checked, new reports are immediately available online and
Parameter Engine Auxiliary Equipment can be easily consulted, downloaded and printed,
• HFO contamination • A personal secure access to all your analysis reports,
Nickel
(associated with Vanadium)
• HFO contamination • All Diagomar Plus reports are stored on the IRS online database.
Vanadium
(associated with Nickel) Different search criteria (by equipment, by sampling point, by status…)
• Fuel catalyst contamination allow you to consult archived reports which have been carried out for
• Abrasive dirt/ dust
Silicon • Abrasive dirt/ dust your vessels since 1999.
• Seal
• Seal
Boron • Cooling system contamination

• Cooling system contamination

• Seawater contamination
Sodium • Seawater contamination (associated with magnesium)
(associated with magnesium)

• Seawater contamination • Seawater contamination

Magnesium
(associated with sodium) (associated with sodium)

It is important to bear in mind that silicon, boron and magnesium may also be part of
the formula of the lubricant.

Your Lubmarine dedicated Technical Expert will always be available to answer your
questions, even for specific and non-routine analysis, when necessary.

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INDEX
VISCOSITY
Viscosity is the measure of the ability of the lubricant
to flow. Diagomar Plus provides an automatic
viscometer indicating viscosity at 40°C and 100°C.
It enables one to calculate the Viscosity Index (VI).
The viscosity of the lubricant cannot be used
VISCOSITY INDEX (VI)
Viscosity Index highlights how the lubricant’s
viscosity changes with the variation of
temperature. VI improver additives and higher
quality base oils are used to increase the VI
INSOLUBLES
In service, the engine lubricant is contaminated
by a number of insoluble products (coming from
incomplete combustion of fuel, oxidation of the
lube oil etc.).
OXIDATION
The oxidation is measured by Infrared Spectroscopy.
Indeed, oxidation products coming from degrada-
tion of the oil under thermal conditions, have an
absorption around 1710cm-1.
FLASH POINT
The flash point is the temperature at which
the application of a flame will ignite the
vapors produced by an oil sample heated under
standard conditions (180°C). It is reported as PASS
or FAILED.
WATER CONTENT
Water, even in small quantity, is always unwelcome
in a lubricant because it may produce corrosion. A
check of water content will indicate any defect in
the engine, or,if one is fitted, in the purifier or auxi-
liary equipment.
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in isolation to assess lubricant condition. However,
it provides very useful information when used in
conjunction with other determining factors such as
the level of oxidation or contamination by fuel.
attainable beyond the value of 100 today.
The Viscosity Index indicates the shearing
resistance of lubricants containing VI improver
additives.
Monitoring the insoluble level provides very
good indication of the operating conditions
of the engine, as well as the efficiency of the
purifiers or even the filters.
This test is especially required by Class NK
(Nippon Kaiji Kyokai) classification society for
the lubricant used in stern tube applications.
Below this value (FAILED), there is a high
risk of serious incidents in service, including
crankcase explosions for engine due to
fuel dilution. The flash point may be also
influenced by lube oil degradation.
When water is present up to 0.5%, a chloride
test is carried out to determine whether it is fresh
water or seawater. The presence of sodium and
magnesium in the spectrometric analysis results is
also an indication of seawater presence.
BN OR ALKALINITY RESERVE
During the combustion process, the sulfur additives in the lubricant, the quantity and type
contained in the fuel produces sulfuric acids, which of which are measured by the BN (Base Number).
may damage the engine. These acids must be It is important to closely monitor the BN in
neutralized to avoid extensive corrosive wear of service in order to ensure that the lubricant still has
the cylinder liner or piston rings.
This important function is performed by specific
sufficient alkalinity reserve to perform correctly.
AN
The Acid Number (AN) measures the acid build
up in the lubricant and allows monitoring of the
oxidation of the product in service.
PQ INDEX
The Particle Quantifier (PQ) is a ferrography Any significant change in this index indicates
screening tool. It enables detection of all the an increase in the process of wear.
magnetic wear particles, whose size is higher
than 10µm.
EFFICIENCY
1
SPECTOGRAPHY
0.8 FERROGRAPHY
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
PARTICULE SIZE IN MICRONS
ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS
The elemental analysis is carried out by Inductive Lubricants can be also contaminated in service
Coupled Plasma (ICP) and measure particles up to by fuel. Monitoring the presence of vanadium and
5 µm. nickel provides important information about such
contamination.
Monitoring changes in metal elements (iron,
chromium, molybdenum, copper, lead, silver, Other elements such as sodium, magnesium
tin and aluminum) provides vital information on or boron may confirm seawater or coolant
what component may be wearing inside the contamination and silicon may indicate presence of
machinery. Regular monitoring will allow detection dust, implying abrasive wear.
of any sudden increase of wear.
The information contained in this catalogue is indicative only and not legally binding for TOTAL
Lubrifiants S.A., or any of the Total Group companies. The listed services are subject to availability and/or
change. TOTAL Lubrifiants S.A. reserves the right to modify the information in case of any changes, including
withdrawal, with regard to any of its products or services or any elements thereof.
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