Time Machine

Instructional Material (IM)

MARY LEIZL M. CAPELA

IM Owner

Description of the IM:

It was named Prob-ability because the topic

is all about Probability

The ratio of the number of outcomes favorable

for the event to the total number of possible
outcomes is termed as probability.

Probability train learners to make

decisions in a situation which they are observable
pattern, but a degree of uncertainty.

The learning of probability in early grades will provide

students with a stronger foundation for further study
of statistics and probability in high school.

Desired Learning Outcomes:

 Through the use of Dice it can help students tell how many phases are there.
 The students determine the probability of simple events..
 The students can identify the probability of simple events through a given sample events.
 Students can learn to solve real-life problems using the principles of counting techniques and
probability
 The students can express appreciation on the importance of probability in real-life
Procedures in Using the IM:
Step 1: On the 1st day the teacher start discussing the Simple Probability by using a Die and a coin
because the simplest case when learning to calculate dice probability is the chance of getting a
specific number with one die. The basic rule for probability is that you calculate it by looking at the
number of possible outcomes in comparison to the outcome you’re interested in. So for a die, there
are six faces, and for any roll, there are six possible outcomes. There is only one outcome interested in,
no matter which number you choose.

Step 2: Two or More Dice: Independent Probabilities

Still simple to work out If a teacher wants to experience the learners of getting a probability of using
two dice to know the likelihood of getting two 6s when you roll two dice, the learners are expected to
calculate “independent probabilities.” This is because the result of one die doesn’t depend on the
result of the other die at all. This essentially leaves you with two separate one-in-six chances

Step 3: Probability of both = Probability of outcome one × Probability of outcome two

This is easiest if you work in fractions. For rolling matching numbers (two 6s, for example) from two
dice, you have two 1/6 chances. So the result is:

Probability = 1/6 × 1/6 = 1/36