Chapter 1

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Introduction
According to the International Water Association, around 80% of all wastewater is
released into the world’s bodies of water that leads to health, environmental and climate-
related danger. The gradual increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas
aggravate this problem with ascending wastewater generation, while at the same time
exploiting more of Earth’s shrinking resources.
The blasting of untreated sewage in water bodies does not only lead to the stimulating
growth of aquatic plant life and human health risks, it contributes to the greenhouse gas
(GHG) production in the form of nitrous oxide and methane (J.L Campos, et al, 2013).
Wastewater has a lot of impact on the natural world and it is important to treat it
effectively. Fortunately, we can make the wastewater potable and usable by employing
wastewater treatment technologies that filter and treat wastewater by removing
contaminants such as sewage and chemicals. At homes, wastewater are utilized by installing
a Gray Water System where non-toilet plumbing fixtures are being reused.
It is estimated that current wastewater treatment capacity is 70% of the generated
wastewater in high-income countries, and only 8% in low-income countries (Sato et al,
2013). However, there are several disadvantages in treating wastewater—costly, needs
energy to operate and annual maintenance is required (United Nations Environment
Programme).
On the other hand, according to Philippine Institute for Development Studies, about
16 million of the population in the Philippines are without electricity. Without electricity,
these people are unable to refrigerate food/medicine, have a guaranteed light source, or even
have access to safe heating methods.
The Philippines has an all-out charge pace of 83 percent. Its urban rate is 94 percent,
which is 21 steps higher than its 73 percent provincial jolt rate. Regardless, about half or 47
million individuals depend on conventional biomass for cooking.
According to a report of the United Nations Development Program and the World
Health Organization, there are 2 million people who died unexpectedly each year due to the
inhalation of indoor smoke which are caused by burning of coals, crop residue, and wood
and even in heating and cooking purposes.
There are many different methods or modern ways of generating electricity, with the
use of dynamos and generators, electricity from steam, hydroelectric power from falling
water, solar power from sunshine and etc. However, there are some limitations on this
techniques. These requires more insulation, can spark or overheat, expensive, weather
dependent and lastly, these are associated with pollution.
 Chapter 1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Introduction
According to the International Water Association, around 80% of all wastewater is
released into the world’s bodies of water that leads to health, environmental and climate-
related danger. The gradual increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas
aggravate this problem with ascending wastewater generation, while at the same time
exploiting more of Earth’s shrinking resources.

Corrections here!

The blasting of untreated sewage in water bodies does not only lead to the stimulating
growth of aquatic plant life and human health risks, it contributes to the greenhouse gas
(GHG) production in the form of nitrous oxide and methane (J.L Campos, et al, 2013).

Corrections here!

Wastewater has a lot of impact on the natural world and it is important to treat it
effectively. Fortunately, we can make the wastewater potable and usable by employing
wastewater treatment technologies that filter and treat wastewater by removing
contaminants such as sewage and chemicals. At homes, wastewater are utilized by installing
a Gray Water System where non-toilet plumbing fixtures are being reused.

Corrections here!

It is estimated that current wastewater treatment capacity is 70% of the generated

wastewater in high-income countries, and only 8% in low-income countries (Sato et al,
2013). However, there are several disadvantages in treating wastewater—costly, needs
energy to operate and annual maintenance is required (United Nations Environment
Programme).
Corrections here!
 On the other hand, according to Philippine Institute for Development Studies, about
16 million of the population in the Philippines are without electricity. Without electricity,
these people are unable to refrigerate food/medicine, have a guaranteed light source, or even
have access to safe heating methods.

Corrections here!

The Philippines has an all-out charge pace of 83 percent. Its urban rate is 94 percent,
which is 21 steps higher than its 73 percent provincial jolt rate. Regardless, about half or 47
million individuals depend on conventional biomass for cooking.

Corrections here!
According to a report of the United Nations Development Program and the World
Health Organization, there are 2 million people who died unexpectedly each year due to the
inhalation of indoor smoke which are caused by burning of coals, crop residue, and wood
and even in heating and cooking purposes.

Corrections here!

There are many different methods or modern ways of generating electricity, with the
use of dynamos and generators, electricity from steam, hydroelectric power from falling
water, solar power from sunshine and etc. However, there are some limitations on this
techniques. These requires more insulation, can spark or overheat, expensive, weather
dependent and lastly, these are associated with pollution.