public class SqrtDecomposition {

private final int a[];

private final long blockSums[];
private final int sqrt;

public SqrtDecomposition(int input[]) {

this.sqrt = (int) Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(input.length));
a = new int[sqrt * sqrt];
System.arraycopy(input, 0, a, 0, input.length);
this.blockSums = new long[sqrt];
for (int i = 0; i < blockSums.length; i++) {
final int startIndex = i * sqrt;
for (int j = 0; j < sqrt; j++) {
blockSums[i] += a[startIndex + j];
}
}
}

/**
* @param index The index to be updated
* @param value The value to set the element at specified index
*/

public void update(int index, int value) {

final int blockIndex = index / sqrt;
blockSums[blockIndex] = blockSums[blockIndex] - a[index] + value;
a[index] = value;
}

/**
* @param left The stating index.
* @param right The ending index.
* @return The sum from index left to right
*/
public long query(final int left, final int right) {
final int startBlockIndex = left / sqrt;
final int endIBlockIndex = right / sqrt;
long sum = 0;
for (int i = startBlockIndex + 1; i < endIBlockIndex; i++) {
sum += blockSums[i];
}
final int startIndex = left % sqrt;
final int endIndex = right % sqrt;
for (int i = startIndex; i < sqrt; i++) {
sum += a[startBlockIndex * sqrt + i];
}
for (int i = 0; i <= endIndex; i++) {
sum += a[endIBlockIndex * sqrt + i];
}
return sum;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
return "SqrtDecomposition{\n" +
"a=" + Arrays.toString(a) +
",\n blockSums=" + Arrays.toString(blockSums) +
'}';
}
}

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
final SqrtDecomposition sqrtDecomposition = new SqrtDecomposition(new int[]
{1, 2, 6, 7, 9, 3, 1, 9});
System.out.println(sqrtDecomposition);
System.out.println(sqrtDecomposition.query(2, 6));
sqrtDecomposition.update(5, 7);
System.out.println(sqrtDecomposition);
System.out.println(sqrtDecomposition.query(2, 6));
}
}