Mathematics (From www.examveda.

com)
Percentage
Basics of Percentage:
The word percentage or per cent means for
every one hundred. It is denoted by symbol %.
Thus 10 % means 10 out of hundred or 10/100.
Key Facts:
1) For converting a given percentage into a
fraction, divide it by 100 or multiply by 1/100.
i.e. 25% can be converted in to fraction by
dividing it by 100,
Hence, 25%= 25/100= 0.25.
2) For converting a given fraction into
percentage multiply it by 100. Thus,
.25 =.25*100 =25%.
3) For converting one given quantity, say x as a
percentage of another given quantity, say y find
(x/y)*100.
Solution:
100==10% decrease (-10)==>90==20% decrease (-
18)==>72==10% decrease (-7.2)==>64.8.
Example 2:
A's salary increases by 20% and then decreases by
20%. What is the net percentage change in A's
salary?
Solution:
100==20% increase==>120==20% decrease
==>96.
Hence, A's salary has gone down by 4%.
ii) A ==>B ==>A changes:
B's salary is 25% more than A's salary. By what
percent is A's salary less than B's salary?
Solution:
100(A)==25% increase ==>125(B)==(-
25)==>100(A) A drop of 25 on 125 gives a 20%
drop. Hence A's salary is 20% less than B salary.

Concept of percentage change: iii) Product changes:

i) Absolute value change: Let we have a product (10*10).
It is actual change in measured quantity. For If the first variable changes to 12 and second
variables changes to 11, what will be percentage
instance, if sales in year 1 is Rs. 2500 crore and
sales in year 2 is Rs. 2600 crore, then the change in the product?
absolute value of the change is Rs. 100 crore. It has to be noticed that first variable 10 changes to
ii) Percentage change: 12 that mean 20 % increases and second variable
It is given by, change 10 t0 11 means 10 % increases. Now
Percentage change = (absolute change/original situation can visualize as,
quantity)*100 100==20% increase ==>120==10%
= 100/2500 *100 =4%. increase==>132
Hence, final product shows a 32 % increase.
Concept of Net percentage changes and its Similarly, (10*10*10) becomes (11*12*13) then
Application net product's percentage change,
Net percentage change 100==30% increase ==>130==20% increase
There are many situations where we have to ==>156==10% increase==>171.6.
deal with percentage changes, these changes are Hence, the final product got a 71.6 percent
called net percentage changes. We can deal it increment.
with a graphic. For example, you have to (Since, the product changes from 100 to 171.6).
increase a number 30 by 10 percentage then it
can be visualized as iv) Final product constant changes:
30==10 % increase (3)==>33. [As 10% of 30 is The price of a commodity has gone up by 25%. In
3.] case you required keeping the total expenditure on
It is very useful in situations given below commodity constant, what percentage you need to
i) Successive changes: cut down the consumption?
Example 1: A trader gives successive discounts 100==25 % increase (price effect)==>125==(-25,
of 10%, 20% and 10% respectively. The consumption effect)==>100.
percentage of the original cost he will recover Hence, consumption need to drop by,
is: (25/125)*100= 20%.

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 Mathematics (From www.examveda.com)
Net percentage changes graphics and its
applications
Calculation of percentage value through
Addition
It is the best understandable by an example.
Example:
What is the percentage value of the ratio: 53/81.
Solution:
This process is based on 100%, 50%, 10%, 1%,
0.1 % and so forth values of the denominator
from the numerator.
53/81 can be rewritten as,
= (40.5+12.5)/81
= 40.5/81+12.5/81
= 50% + 12.5/81
=50% +(8.1+4.4)/81
= 50% + 10% + 4.4/81
= 60% + 4.4/81.
At this stage we can understand that the answer
to the question lies between 60-70% (since 4.4
is less than 10% of 81). The answer would be in
this form, 6a.abcd....
In order to find the percentage value of 4.4/81,
we can find it,
% value of 4.4/81= 4.4*100/81 =440/81. (Here
we get 5 % with remainder 35)
Now, answer= 65.bcdde....
b =350/81 = 4 remainder 26.
c =260/100 =3 remainder 17 and so on.
Calculations of Multiplication by Numbers like
1.41, 0.83 and so on through addition
Example:
Calculate 1.23*473.
Solution:
One can view this multiplication as an addition
of 23% to the original number. This means
473*1.23 =473+23% of 473 = 473+94.6 + 3%
of 473
= 567.6+14.19 =581.
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Section 1
1. 1.14 expressed as a per cent of 1.9 is:
A. 6%
B. 10%
C. 60%
D. 90%
Answer: Option C
Solution: Required percentage = (1.14*100)/1.9
= 60%.
2. In an examination 80% candidates passed in
English and 85% candidates passed in
Mathematics. If 73% candidates passed in both
these subjects, then what per cent of candidates
failed in both the subjects?
A. 8
B. 15
C. 27
D. 35
Answer: Option A
Solution: Students passed in English = 80%
Students passed in Math's = 85%
Students passed in both subjects = 73%
Then, number of students passed in at least one
subject = (80+85)-73 = 92%. [The percentage of
students passed in English and Maths
individually, have already included the
percentage of students passed in both subjects.
So, We are subtracting percentage of students
who have passed in both subjects to find out
percentage of students at least passed in one
subject.]
Thus, students failed in both subjects = 100-92
= 8%.
3. Half percent, written as a decimal, is
A. 0.2
B. 0.02
C. 0.005
D. 0.05
Answer: Option C
Solution: As we know, 1% = 1/100
Hence, 1/2% = (1/2 * 1/100) = 1/200 = 0.005.
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4. If the price of the commodity is increased by
50% by what fraction must its consumption be
reduced so as to keep the same expenditure on
its consumption?
A. 1/4 B. 1/3
C. 1/2 D. 2/3
Answer: Option B
Solution: Let the initial price of the commodity
be 100.
After 50% increase in price, It will become,
100 ------50% increase----> 150.
Now, we have to reduce the consumption to
keep expenditure 100.
Increase in price= 150 - 100 = 50
We have to reduce the consumption,
= (50/150)*100 = 1/3 or 33.33%
Other Method:
Here, we use, Final product constant graphic.
100 ==50% up== 150===33.33%
down===>100.
Consumption Reduce = 33.33% = 1/3.
5. The population of a town increases every year point.
by 4%. If its present population is 50,000, then So, % decrease in BC,
after 2 years it will be
A. 53,900 B. 54,000
C. 54,080 D. 54,900
Answer: Option C
Solution: Here we can use the compound
interest based formula,
n
Population after n years = P*[1+ (r/100)]
Population after 2 years = 50,000*[1+(4/100)]2 A. Rs. 72
Population after 2 years = 54,080.
Alternatively,
we can use, net percentage change graphic as
well,
50,000------4% --- 52,000---- 4% ---
54,080.
Then, population after 2 years= 54,080.
In this calculation, we need to find 1% of 50,000
first, which is easily calculated by dividing
50,000 by 100.
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6. A and B are two fixed points 5 cm apart and
C is a point on AB such that AC is 3cm. if the
length of AC is increased by 6%, the length of
CB is decreased by
A. 6% B. 7%
C. 8% D. 9%
Answer: Option D
Solution: As A and B are fixed, C is any point
on AB, so if AC is increases then CB decreases.
A_______3 cm_______ C _____2 cm____B
Then, solution can be visualized as,
Increase in AC 6% = (106*3)/100=3.18 cm.
Decrease in CB = 0.18 cm
% decrease = (0.18/2)*100 = 9%.
Alternatively,
AC = 3 Cm.
BC = 2 Cm.
Increase in AC by 6%, then
New, AC = 3 + 6% of 3 = 3 + 0.18 = 3.18 cm.
0.18 cm increase in AC means 0.18 cm decrease
in BC as already mentioned AB as the fixed
= (Actual Decrease in BC /Original BC)*100
= (0.18/2) *100 = 9%.
7. The cost of an article was Rs.75. The cost was
first increased by 20% and later on it was
reduced by 20%. The present cost of the article
is:
B. Rs. 60
C. Rs. 75 D. Rs. 76
Answer: Option A
Solution: Initial Cost = Rs. 75
After 20% increase in the cost, it becomes,
(75+ 20% of 75) = Rs. 90
Now, Cost is decreased by 20%, So cost will
become, (90 - 20% of 90) = Rs. 72.
So, present cost is Rs. 72.
Mind Calculation Method: 75-----20% -- 90--
---20% ----- 72.
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8. The price of the sugar rise by 25%. If a family
wants to keep their expenses on sugar the same
as earlier, the family will have to decrease its
consumption of sugar by
A. 25% B. 20%
C. 80% D. 75%
Answer: Option B
Solution: Let the initial expenses on Sugar was
Rs. 100.
Now, Price of Sugar rises 25%. So, to buy same
amount of Sugar, they need to expense,
= (100 + 25% of 100) = Rs. 125.
But, They want to keep expenses on Sugar, so
they have to cut Rs. 25 in the expenses to keep it
to Rs. 100.
Now, % decrease in Consumption,
(25/125)*100 = 20%.
Mind Calculation Method;
100-----25% --- 125------X% --- 100.
Here, X = (25/125)*100 = 20%.
9. Each side of a rectangular field diminished by
40%. By how much per cent is the area of the
field diminished?
A. 32 B. 64
C. 25 D. 16
Answer: Option B
Solution: Let the Original length of the rectangle
be 20 unit and breadth be 10 unit. Then
Original Area = length *breadth = 20*10 = 200
Square unit.
40% decrease in each side, then
Length = (20 - 40% of 20) = 12 unit.
Breadth = (10 - 40% of 10) = 6 unit.
Now, Area = 12 *6 = 72 Square unit.
Decrease in area = 200 - 72 = 128 square unit.
% Decrease in Area = (128/200)*100 = 64%
Mind Calculation Method:
Let the original area be 100 square unit.
100 ===40% (decrease in length)===> 60
===40% ===(decrease in breadth)===> 36.
Diminished in area = 100-36 = 64%.
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10. If the price of a commodity is decreased by
20% and its consumption is increased by 20%,
what will be the increase or decrease in
expenditure on the commodity?
A. 4% increase
B. 4% decrease
C. 8% increase
D. 8% decrease
Answer: Option B
Solution: Let the initial expenditure on the
commodity be Rs. 100.
Now, the price decreases by 20%,
Current Price = (100 - 20% of 100) = Rs. 80.
Same time due to decrement in price 20%
consumption has been increased. So,
Current expenses on commodity = (80 + 20% of
80)= Rs. 96.
Here, the initial expenditure was Rs. 100 which
became 96 at the end, it means there is 4%
decrement in the expenditure of the commodity.
Mind Calculation Method:
100===20% (Decrement in
Price)===>80===20% (Increment in
Consumption)===>96.
Thus, there is a decrement of 4%.
11. If A's salary is 25% more than B's salary,
then B's salary is how much lower than A's
salary?
A. 33(1/3)%
B. 25%
C. 20%
D. 16(2/3)%
Answer: Option C
Solution: Let B's Salary is Rs. 100. Then,
A's Salary = (100 + 25% of 100) = Rs. 125.
Difference between A's Salary and B's Salary =
125 - 100 = Rs. 25.
% Difference (lower) = (25/125)*100 = 20%
Mind Calculation Method:
100(B salary)----25% --- 125(A salary)-----
20% --- 100 (B salary).
B's salary is 20% lower than A's.
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12. Population of a town increase 2.5% annually Solution: Let the present population of the town
but is decreased by 0.5 % every year due to be P.Using compound interest formula
migration. What will be the percentage increase Then, P = x(1+(R/100)); ------(i)
in 2 years? And y = P(1+(R/100)) = P*P/x; -------(ii)
A. 5 P2 = xy;
B. 4.04 Hence, P = √xy.
C. 4
D. 3.96 15. Narayan spends 30% of his income on
Answer: Option B education and 50% of the remaining on food. He
Solution: Net percentage increase in Population gives Rs. 1000 as monthly rent and now has Rs.
= (2.5-0.5) = 2% each year. 1800 left with him. What is his monthly
Let the Original Population of the town be 100. income?
Population of Town after 1 year = (100 + 2% of A. Rs. 8000 B. Rs. 7000
100) = 102. C. Rs. 9000 D. Rs. 6000
Population of the town after 2nd year = (102 + Answer: Option A
2% of 102 ) = 104.4 Now, % increase in Solution: Narayan's saving and rent =
population = (4.04 /100)*100 = 4.04% 1000+1800 = Rs. 2800
Let his monthly income be Rs. 100.
Mind Calculation Method: 30% of his income he spent on education i.e. Rs.
100==2% 30.
st nd
Up(1 year)==>102==2%Up(2 year) Remaining = 100 -30 = 70
==>104.04 50% of remaining on food = (70*50)/100 =
% population increase in 2 years = 4.04%. Rs.35
Now, that 35 must be equal to his saving and
13. In an election between two candidates, the rent i.e.
winner got 65% of the total votes cast and won 35 = 2800 then,
the election by a majority of 2748 votes. What is 1 = 2800/35
the total number of votes cast if no vote is 100 = (2800*100)/35 = Rs. 8000
declared invalid? So, his income = Rs. 8000.
A. 8580 B. 8720
C. 9000 D. 9160 16. P is 6 times greater than Q then by what per
Answer: Option D cent is Q smaller than P?
Solution: Winner gets 65% 0f valid votes and A. 84% B. 85.5%
loser gets 35% of votes. C. 80% D. 83.33%
Difference between this two= 2749. Answer: Option D
(65-35)%= 2749 Solution: Let Q = 10.
30%= 2749. Then, P = 60.
Total number of voters, 100%=[(2749*100)/30] Q is 50 less than P.
= 9160. Q, % less than P = (50 /60)*100 = 83.33%.

14. Last year, the population of a town was x Alternative Method

and if it increases at the same rate, next year it 10 (Q)==(6 times greater)==>
will be y. the present population of the town is 60(P)==x% (Less than Q)==>10 (Q).
A. (x+y)/2 B. (y-x)/2 Now, x = 50*100/60 = 83.33%.
C. 2xy/x+y D. √xy
Answer: Option D

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17. If two numbers are respectively 30% and Solution: Let each side of the cuboid be 10 unit
40% more than a third number, what percent is initially.
the first of the second? Initial Volume of the cuboid,
A. 92(6/7)% B. 84(4/5)% = length * breadth * height = 10 *10*10 = 1000
C. 80% D. 75% cubic unit.
After increment dimensions become,
Answer: Option A
Length = (10 + 10% 0f 10) = 11 unit.
Solution: Let the third number be 100. Then, Breadth = (10 + 20% of 10) = 12 unit.
1st number = 130 Height = (10 + 50 of 10) = 15 unit.
2nd number = 140 Now, present volume = 11 *12 *15 = 1980
% 1st to the 2nd number = (130/140)*100 = cubic unit.
92(6/7)%. Increase in volume = 1980 - 1000 = 980 cubic
unit.
18. The population of a city is 35000. On an % increase in volume = (980/1000)*100 = 98%.
increase of 6% in the number of men and an
increase of 4% in the number of women, the Mind Calculation Method:
population would become 36760. What was the 100==50% (height effects) ==> 150 == 20%
number of women initially? (breadth)==>180==10% (length effects)
==>198.
A. 18000 B. 19000
Change in volume = 98%.
C. 17000 D. 20000 [We can take net percentage change in any
Answer: Option C order.]
Solution: Let number of men in the population
be x. 20. The price of rice falls by 20%. How much
Number of women = (35000-x) rice can be bought now with the money that was
Increase in the number of men = 6% of x = sufficient to buy 20 kg of rice previously?
6x/100 A. 5 kg B. 15 kg
Increase in the number of women = (3500- C. 25 kg D. 30 kg
x)*4/100 Answer: Option C
Increase in whole population = 36760-35000 = Solution: Let Rs. 100 be spend on rice initially
1760 for 20 kg.
As the price falls by 20%, new price for 20 kg
Now, 6x/100 + [(35000-x)*4/100] = 1760 rice,
[(6x-4x)+35000*4]/100 = 1760 = (100 -20% of 100) = 80
2x+35000*4 = 1760*100 New price of rice = 80/20 = Rs. 4 per kg.
2x = 176000-35000*4 Rice can bought now at = 100/4 = 25 kg.
X = 18000
Number of men = 18000 21. 30% of a number when subtracted from 91,
Number of women = 35000-18000 = 17000. gives the number itself. Find the number.
A. 60 B. 65 C. 75 D. 70
19. The length, breadth and height of a room in E. None of these
the shape of a cuboid are increased by 10%, Answer: Option D
20% and 50% respectively. Find the percentage Solution: Let the number be x
According to the question,
change in the volume of the cuboid.
91 - (30x/100) = x
A. 77% B. 75% 9100 - 30x = 100x
C. 88% D. 98% Or, 9100 = 130x
E. 99% Or, x = 9100/130
Answer: Option D Hence, x = 70.

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22. The population of village is 1,00,000. The Then, 1 kg of iron contains = 25/100 kg ore;
rate of increase is 10% per annum. Find the Hence, 60 kg iron contains = 100*60/22.5 =
population at the start of the third year? 266.66 kg ore.
A. 1,33,100 B. 1,21,000
C. 1,18,800 D. 1,20,000 25. In the recent, climate conference in New
E. None of these York, out of 700 men, 500 women, 800 children
Answer: Option B present inside the building premises, 20% of the
Solution: 100000==10% (1st year)==>110000= men, 40% of the women and 10% of the
=10% (2nd year)==>121000 children were Indians. Find the percentage of
Population at starting of 3rd year = 121000. people who were not Indian?
A. 77% B. 73%
[By using net percentage change method, we C. 79% D. 83%
have saved our self from cumber some formulas Answer: Option C
on population which is based on compound Solution: Number of Indians men present there
interest]. = 700*20/100 = 140
Indian women = 500*40/100 = 200
23. Vicky's salary is 75% more than Ashu's. Indian children = 800*10/100 = 80.
Vicky got a raise of 40% on his salary while Total member present in climate conference =
Ashu got a raise of 25% on his salary. By what 700+500+800 = 2000
percent is Vicky's salary more than Ashu's? Total Indian = 200+140+80 = 420
A. 96% B. 51.1% Hence, % of Indian present there =
C. 90% D. 52.1% 420*100/2000 = 21%
Answer: Option A % of people who were not Indian = 100-42 =
Solution: Let Ashu's salary = 100; Ashu's salary 79%.
after rise = 125.
Then Vicky's salary = 175. 26. Out of the total production of iron from
Vicky's salary after rise of 40% = 245. hematite, an ore of Iron, 20% of the ore gets
[As 10% of Vicky's salary is 17.5 then 40% = wasted, and out of the remaining iron, only 25%
17.5*4 = 70] . is pure iron. If the pure iron obtained in a year
from a mine of hematite was 80,000 kg, then the
Difference between Vicky's salary and Ashu's quantity of hematite mined from that mine in the
salary = 245-125 = 120; . year is
% more Vicky's salary than Ashu's = A. 5,00,000 kg B. 4,00,000 kg
120*100/125 = 96%. C. 4,50,000 kg D. None of these
Answer: Option B
24. An ore contains 25% of an alloy that has Solution: Let 100 kg of hematite be obtained
90% iron. Other than this, in the remaining 75% then 20% of it get wasted that means 80 kg of
of the ore, there is no iron. How many kilograms ore remains.
of the ore are needed to obtain 60 kg of pure Pure iron = 25% of remaining ore = 80*25/100
iron? = 20 kg.
A. 250 kg B. 275 kg 20 kg pure Iron is obtained from 100 of
C. 300 kg D. 266.66 kg hematite.
Answer: Option D 1 kg pure Iron is obtained from = 100/20
Solution: Let there is 100 kg of ore. hematite;
25% ore contains 90% off Iron that means 25 kg Then, 80000 kg pure Iron is obtained from =
contains; (100/20)*80000 = 400000 kg hematite.
25*90/100 = 22.5 kg Iron.
22.5 kg Iron contains 100 kg of ore.

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27. A man buys a truck for Rs. 2,50,000. The 29. A report consists of 20 sheets each of 55
annual repair cost comes to 2% of the price of lines and each such line consist of 65 characters.
purchase. Besides, he has to pay an annual tax This report is reduced onto sheets each of 65
of Rs. 2000. At what monthly rent must he rent lines such that each line consists of 70
out the truck to get a return of 15% on his net characters. The percentage reduction in number
invests of the first year? of sheets is closer to
A. Rs. 3359 A. 20% B. 5%
B. Rs. 2500 C. 30% D. 35%
C. Rs. 4000 E. None of these
D. Rs. 3212.5 Answer: Option A
Answer: Option D Solution: Let x be the page required when report
Solution: The total cost for the year = is retyped.
250000+2% of 2500000+2000 = Rs. 257000. Now, we can use work equivalence method;
For getting return of 15% he must earn = 20*55*65 = 70*65*x;
257000*15/100 = Rs. 38550 per year. Or, x = (20*55*65)/(70*65);
Or, x = 15.70 = 16 pages.
Then, monthly rent = 38550/12 = Rs. 3212.5. Hence, % reduction in pages
= (20-16)*100/20 = 20%.
28. Ram spends 30% of his salary on house rent,
30% of the rest he spends on his children's 30. The price of Maruti car rises by 30 percent
education and 24% of the total salary he spends while the sales of the car come down by 20%.
on clothes. After his expenditure, he is left with What is the percentage change in the total
Rs. 2500. What is Ram's salary? revenue?
A. Rs. 11,494.25 A. - 4% B. - 2%
B. Rs. 20,000 C. + 4% D. + 2%
C. Rs. 10,000 E. None of these
D. Rs. 15,000 Answer: Option C
Answer: Option C Solution: Let initial price of Maruti Car be Rs.
Solution: Let Ram's salary be x. 100.
He spends on rent = 30% of x = 30x/100. As price increases 30%, price of car will
He spends on education = 30% from rest of the become, (100 +30% of 100) = Rs. 130.
salary= (30*70x)/(100*100) = 21x/100. Due to increase in price, sales is down by 20%.
He Spends on clothes = 24% of total salary = It means, it is going make 20% less revenue as
24x/100. expected after increment of price.
Saving = 2500. So, New revenue = (130 - 20% of 130) = Rs.
Salary of ram = x. 104.
The initial revenue was Rs. 100 which becomes
(30x/100) + (21x/100) + (24x/100) + 2500 = x. Rs. 104 at the end. It means there is 4%
(75x/100) = x-2500. increment in the total revenue.
75x = 100x-250000.
Or, 100x-77x = 250000. Mind Calculation Method:
Or, x = 250000/25. 100==30% (price effect)==>130==20% (sales
Or, x = 10000. effects)==>104.
Ram's salary = Rs. 10000. Hence, 4% rises.

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31. In an institute, 60% of the students are boys 33. A student took five papers in an
and the rest are girls. Further 15% of the boys examination, where the full marks were the
and 7.5% of the girls are getting a fee waiver. If same for each paper. His marks in these papers
the number of those getting a fee waiver is 90, were in the proportion of 6:7:8:9:10. In all
find the total number of students getting 50% papers together, the candidate obtained 60% of
concessions if it is given that 50% of those not the total marks then, the number of papers in
getting a fee waiver are eligible to get half fee which he got more than 50% marks is
concession? A. 1 B. 3
A. 360 C. 4 D. 5
B. 280 E. None of these
C. 320 Answer: Option C
D. 330 Solution: Let the marks obtained in five subjects
E. 350 be 6x, 7x, 8x, 9x and 10x.
Answer: Option D Total marks obtained= 40x
Solution: Let us assume there are 100 students Max. Marks of the five subjects = 40x/0.6 [40x
in the institute. is 60% of total marks]
Then, number of boys = 60 Max. Marks in each subject = 40x/0.6*5 =
And, number of girls = 40 13.33x
Further, 15% of boys get fee waiver = 9 boys Hence, % of each subject = 6x*100/13.33 =
7.5 % of girls get fee waiver = 3 girls 45.01%
Total = 12 students who gets fee waiver Or, 7x*100/13.33 = 52.51
But, here given 90 students are getting fee In same way other percentage are 60.01%,
waiver. So we compare 67.52%, 75.01%.
12 = 90 Hence, number of subjects in which he gets
So, 1 = 90/12 = 7.5 more than 50% marks = 4.
Now number of students who are not getting fee
waiver = 51 boys and 37 girls. 34. The length, breadth and height of a room are
50% concession = 25.5 boys and 18.5 girls (i.e. in ratio 3:2:1. If breadth and height are halved
total 44). while the length is doubled, then the total area
Hence, required students = 44*7.5 = 330. of the four walls of the room will
A. remain the same
32. After three successive equal percentage rise B. decrease by 13.64%
in the salary the sum of 100 rupees turned into C. decrease by 15%
140 rupees and 49 paise. Find the percentage D. decrease by 18.75%
rise in the salary. E. decrease by 30%
A. 12% B. 22% Answer: Option E
C. 66% D. 82% Solution: Let length, breadth and height of the
E. 77% room be 3, 2, 1 unit respectively.
Answer: Option A Area of walls = 2(l+b)*h = 2(3+2)*1 = 10 sq.
Solution: unit.
We solve it through options. Choosing options Now, length, breadth and height of room will
for trial depends on mental thought. become 6, 1 and 1/2 respectively.
100 ==12% up ==>112 ==12% up ==>125.44 Now, area of walls = 2(6+1)*1/2 = 7 sq. unit.
==12% Up ==> 140.49 % decrease in the area of walls = (10-7)*100/10
So, answer is 12%. = 30%.

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35. One bacterium splits into eight bacteria of Answer: Option B
the next generation. But due to environment, Solution: Passed in none = 5%
only 50% of one generation can produced the Passed in all = 5%
next generation. If the seventh generation Passed in four = 20% 0f 90% = 18%
number is 4096 million, what is the number in Passed in three = 24.5%
first generation? Passed in three =(100-5-5-22.5-24.5-18) = 25%.
A. 1 million B. 2 million But given 300 students passed in three.
C. 4 million D. 8 million Hence, 25% = 300.
E. None of these
So, 100% = 1200.
Answer: Option A
1200 students must have appeared.
Solution: Let the number of bacteria in the
1st generation be x, then number of bacteria in
2nd, 3rd, 4th . . . . . Generation would be 38. A clock is set right at 12 noon on Monday. It
8(x/2), 8(4x/2), 8(16x/2) . . . . And so on. losses 1/2% on the correct time in the first week
As x, 4x, 16x, 64x . . . . . it is in GP with but gains 1/4 on the true time during the second
common ratio 4. week. The time shown on Monday after two
Hence, 7th term of GP, weeks will be
x(4)6 = 4096 A. 12:25:12
Or, x = 1 or 1 million. B. 11:34:48
C. 12:50:24
36. The rate of increase of the price of sugar is D. 12:24:16
observed to be two percent more than the E. None of these
inflation rate expressed in percentage. The price Answer: Option A
of sugar, on January 1, 1994 is Rs. 20 per kg. Solution: Time lost over two weeks = 25% a
The inflation rates of the years 1994 and 1995 week time(given that 1/2% clock loses in first
are expected to be 8% each. The expected price week and in the second week it gains 1/4% on
of sugar on January 1, 1996 would be true time)
A. Rs. 23.60 B. Rs. 24 A week = 168 hours
C. Rs. 24.20 D. Rs. 24.60
Hence, clock lost = 0.42 hours = 25.2 minutes or
E. None of these
25 minute 12 seconds.
Answer: Option C
Solution: Increase in the price of sugar Thus, correct time = 12:25:12.
= (8+2) = 10%
Hence, price of sugar on, Jan. 1, 1996 39. If a 36 inches long strip cloth shrinks to 33
= (20*110*110)/(100*100) = Rs. 24.20. inches after being washed, how many inches
long will the same strip remain after washing if
37. In an examination, questions were asked in it were 48 inches long?
five sections. Out of the total students, 5% A. 47 inches B. 44 inches
candidates cleared the cut-off in all the sections C. 45 inches D. 46 inches
and 5% cleared none. Of the rest, 25% cleared Answer: Option B
only one section and 20% cleared four sections. Solution: Shrinking of cloth,
If 24.5% of the entire candidates cleared two = [(36-33)/36]*100.
sections and 300 candidates cleared three = 100/12%
sections. Find out how many candidates Second time the strip shrinks,
appeared at the examination? = (48*100)/1200 = 4 inches
A. 1000 B. 1200 hence , the cloth remains = 48-4 = 44.
C. 1500 D. 2000
E. 1800

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40. (X% of Y) +(Y% of X) is equal to: Answer: Option C
A. X% of Y Solution: Let the percentage marks in QA =(10a
B. 20% of XY +b)%
C. 2% of XY Let the percentage marks in DI = (10b +a)%
D. 2% of 100 XY Let the percentage marks in VA = x%.
Answer: Option C
Solution: According to question, Now, according to the question, we have,
(XY /100) + (YX /100) [(10a+b) + x + (10b+a)] /3 = x
= 2XY /100 11a + 11b + x = 3x.
= 2% of XY. or, x = 11(a +b) /2.
Clearly, we can see that the percentage of the
41. A fraction in reduced form is such that when VA section will be a multiple of 11.
it is squared and then its numerator is reduced So, required answer will be 66.
by 33(1/3)% and denominator is reduced to
20%, its result is twice the original fraction. The 43. A shopkeeper first raises the price of
sum of numerator and denominator is: Jewellery by x% then he decreases the new
A. 8 price by x%. After such up down cycle, the
B. 13 price of a Jewellery decreased by Rs. 21025.
C. 17 After a second up down cycle the Jewellery was
D. 15 sold for Rs. 484416. What was the original price
E. None of these of the jewellery.2
Answer: Option A A. Rs. 5,26,000
Solution: Let the fraction be x/y. B. Rs. 6,00,625
When fraction is squared its numerator is C. Rs. 525625
reduced by 33(1/3) and denominator is reduced D. Rs. 5,00,000
by 20%. E. None of these
Answer: Option C
According to question, Solution: Let the initial price = Rs. 10000P
(x/y)2 * 33(1/3)%/20% = 2(x/y). price after first increment = 10000P + 100xP.
Or, (x/y)2 * (2/3)/(1/5) = 2(x/y). price after first decrement = 10000P + 100xP -
Or, x/y = 3/5. Sum of numerator and (100Px+Px2) = 10000P - Px2.
denominator is, Now, total decrement,
(x+y) = 3+5 Px2 = 21025 ..............(1)
= 8. price after second increment,
10000P - Px2 + 100xP - Px3/100
42. A student appeared in the Mock CAT. The price after second increment,
test paper contained 3 sections namely QA, DI 10000P - P2 + 100xP - P3/100 - 100xP + Px3/100
and VA. The percentage marks in all VA was - Px2 + Px4/10000
equal to the average of percentage marks in all = 10000P -2Px2+Px2/10000 = 484416 ............(2)
the 3 sections. Coincidentally, if we reverse the
digit of the percentage marks of QA we get the on solving equation equn (1) and (2), We get
percentage marks of DI. The percentage marks x = 20.
in VA scored by student could be: substituting back we get, P = 52.5625
A. 81 B. 48
C. 66 D. 69
E. None of these

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44. A company has 12 machines of equal Answer: Option C
efficiency in its factory. The annual Solution: Let the price of wheat is x per kg.
manufacturing expenses are Rs. 24, 000 and the Then price of wheat will be 5x per kg.
establishment charges are Rs. 10, 000. The Expenditure on rice = 25*x = 25x.
annual output of the company is Rs. 48, 000. Expenditure of wheat = 9*5x = 45x.
The annual output and manufacturing costs are
directly proportional to the no. of machines Total cost,
while the share holders get the 10% profit, 25x + 45x = 350.
which is directly proportional to the annual 70x = 350.
output of the company. If 8.33% machines x = 5.
remained close throughout the year. Then the Hence, price of Rice = Rs. 5 per kg.
percentage decrease in the amount of share Price of wheat = 25 per kg.
holders is : Now, price of wheat = 25 ---- 20% ----> Rs. 30
A. 14.28% B. 11.11% per kg.
C. 16.66% D. 8.33%
E. None of these Let the new amount of rice is N kg, then
Answer: Option A N*5 + 9*30 = 350.
Solution: N = 16 kg.
%decrease in the amount of rice = [(25-
No. of 12 11
16)*100]/25 = 36%.
Machines
Output 48, 000 44, 000
46.
Manuf. cost 24, 000 22, 000 The price of raw materials has gone up by 15%,
Est. cost 10, 000 10, 000 labour cost has also increased from 25% of the
Total cost 34, 000 32, 000 cost of raw material to 30% of the cost of raw
Profit 14, 000 12, 000 material. By how much percentage should there
Profit, be reduction in the usage of raw materials so as
= Output - total cost to keep the cost same?
= 44000 - 32000 = Rs. 12000 A. 28%
Initial value of share holders, B. 17%
= 14000 * (10/100) = Rs. 1400 C. 27%
New value of share holders, D. 24%
= 12000 *(10/100) = R E. Cannot determined
Answer: Option B
45. Every month a man consumes 25 kg rice and Solution: Let the initial cost of raw material be
9 kg wheat. The price of rice is 20% of the price 100. So, initial labour cost was 25 and net cost
of wheat and thus he spends total Rs. 350 on the was 125.
rice and wheat per month. If the price of wheat Now, 15% increment in raw materials cost and
is increased by 20% then what is the percentage labour cost has gone up to 30% from 25 %.
reduction of rice consumption for the same Raw material cost = 115. And
expenditure of Rs. 350? Given that the price of Labour cost = (115 *30) = 34.5
rice and consumption of wheat is constant : So, New net cost = 115 + 34.5 = 149.5
A. 40% B. 25% %reduction = 24.5/149.5 = 17%(approx.)
C. 36% D. 24%
E. Cannot determined

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47. A sales executive gets 20% bonus of the 49. In an office in Singapore there are 60%
total sales value and 10% commission besides female employees. 50 % of all the male
the bonus on the net profit after charging such employees are computer literate. If there are
commission. If the total sales value be Rs. 10 total 62% employees computer literate out of
lakh per annum and the total profit of the total 1600 employees, then the no. of female
company be Rs. 1.32 lakh, then his total earning employees who are computer literate ?
per annum will be, given that he is not entitled A. 690
to receive any fixed salary from the company : B. 674
A. 2.3 lakh B. 2.32 lakh C. 672
C. 2.12 lakh D. 3.2 lakh D. 960
E. None of these Answer: Option C
Answer: Option C Solution: Total employees = 1600
Solution: His bonus, Female employees, 60% of 1600.
= (20 *1000000) /100 = 2lakh = (60 *1600) /100 = 960.
Total profit = net profit + (10 *net profit) /100 Then male employees = 640
1.32lakh = net profit *[1 + (10/100)] 50 % of male are computer literate,
Net profit = 132000 /1.1 = 120000. = 320 male computer literate.
Commission, 62 % of total employees are computer literate,
= (total profit - net profit) = (62 *1600) /100 = 992 computer literate.
= 132000 - 120000 Thus, Female computer literate = 992 - 320
= 12000. = 672.
Hence, his total earnings = 2lakh + 12000 = Rs.
212000. Alternatively :
Let 60% employees are female and 40% are
48. A shepherd had n goats in the year 2000. In male.
2001 the no. of goats increased by 40%. In 2002 Then, 20% of male are computer literate and
the no. of goats declined to 70%. In 2003 the no. 42% are female computer literate.
of goats grew up 30%. In 2004, he sold 10% Female computer literate
goats and then he had only 34,398 goats. The = (1600 *42) /100 = 672.
percentage increase of the no. of goats in this
duration was : 50. The price of a car depreciates in the first
A. 16.66% year by 25% in the second year by 20% in third
B. 14.66% year by 15% and so on. The final price of the
C. 11.33% car after 3 years, if the present cost of the car is
D. 20% Rs. 10,00,000 :
Answer: Option B A. 7,80,000 B. 1,70,000
Solution: There is no need of the number of C. 6,90,000 D. 5,10,000
goats given i.e. 34,398. Answer: Option D
Initially, let there be 100 goats. Solution: Price after third depreciation,
Then 100 ==25% ==> 75 == 20% ==>60 == 15%
100 == 40% ==> 140 ==30% (declined to ==> 51.
70%)==> 98 ==30% ==> 127.4 The price will be = Rs. 5, 10, 000.
==10% (sold)==> 114.66
Alternatively :
Hence, % increase = 14.66% [As 100 becomes 1000000*0.75*0.80*0.85 = Rs. 5, 10, 000.
114.66].

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51. The actual area of a rectangle is 60 Cm2, but Solution: Given,
while measuring its length a student decreases it 220% of X = 44
by 20% and the breadth increases by 25%. The Or, X = 20.
percentage error in area, calculated by the Thus, 44% of 20 = (44 *20) /100 = 8.8
student is :
A. 5% B. 15% 54. The shopkeeper increased the price of a
C. 20% D. No change product by 25% so that customer finds difficult
Answer: Option D to purchase the required amount. But Somehow
Solution: 100 ---- 25% ---> 125 ----- 20% --- the customer managed to purchase only 70% of
--> 100. the required amount. What is the net difference
So there is no change in the area of rectangle. in the expenditure on that product ?
A. 55 more
Alternatively : B. 10% more
Let area be 1. C. 12.5% less
Area of rectangle = l *b = 0.8 *1.25 = 1. D. 17.5% less
E. None of these
52. The cost of packaging of the mangoes is Answer: Option C
40% the cost of fresh mangoes themselves. The Solution: Let initially the quantity and rate be
cost of mangoes increased by 30% but the cost 100 each.
of packaging decreased by 50%, then the Quantity*rate = Expenditure
percentage change of the cost of packed 100*100 = 10000
mangoes, if the cost of packed mangoes is equal Now, Increase in price is 25% and new quantity
to the sum of the cost of fresh mangoes and cost is 70% of original.
of packaging : Quantity*rate = Expenditure
A. 14.17% B. 7.14% 70*125 = 8750
C. 8.87% D. 6.66% Decreased expenditure = 10000-8750 = 1250
Answer: Option B
Solution: Cost of fresh mangoes + Cost of % decrease = (1250*100)/10000 = 12.5%.
packaging = Total cost.
Let initial Cost of fresh, mangoes = 100. 55. A customer asks for the production of x
Then, packaging cost = 40. number of goods. The company produces y
Thus, Initial total cost = 100 + 40 = 140 number of goods daily. Out of which z% are
After increasing in cost of fresh mangoes 30%, units for sale. The order will be completed in :
Cost of fresh mangoes = 130 A. [ x /{100y *(1 -z)}] days
And cost of packing go down by 50 % so, B. [(100yz) /x] days
Cost of packing = 20. C. [100x /{y(100 -z)}] days
Now Total cost = 130 + 20 = 150. D. 100 / {y*(z -1)} days
Increased cost = 150 - 140 = 10. E. Cannot determined
% increased = (10*100) /140 = 7.14%. Answer: Option C
Solution: Daily supply,
53. 220% of a number X is 44. What is 44% of = (100-z)% of y
X. = {(100-z)y}/100
A. 8.8 B. 8.9 Thus, required number of days,
C. 6.6 D. 7.7 = [(100x)/(100-z)y].
Answer: Option A

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56. In the Science City, Kolkata the rate of the 58. An alloy contains the copper and aluminum
ticket is increased by 50% to increased the in the ratio of 7:4. While making the weapons
revenue but simultaneously 20% of the visitor from this alloy, 12% of the alloy got destroyed.
decreased. What is percentage change in the If there is 12 kg of aluminum in the weapon,
revenue. if it is known that the Science city then weight of the alloy required is :
collects one revenue only from the visitors and A. 14.4 kg
it has no other financial supports: B. 37.5 kg
A. + 20% B. - 25% C. 40 kg
C. + 305 D. - 30% D. 48 kg
E. Cannot determined Answer: Option B
Answer: Option A
Solution: Copper : Aluminum = 7 : 4.
Solution: Let the initial revenue be 100.
Let Copper and Aluminum in the weapon be 7x
100 ----- 50% (Ticket up)-----> 150 ----- 20%
(Visitors down) -----> 120. and 4x respectively.
There is 20% increase in the revenue. Given,
Aluminum in weapon = 12 kg
57. 600 students took the test on Physics and So,
chemistry. 35% students failed in Physics and 4x = 12.
45% students failed in chemistry and 40% of x=3
those who passed in chemistry also passed in Copper = 7x = 7 * 3 = 21 Kg.
Physics, then how many students failed in both : Total alloy in the weapon = 12 + 21 = 33 kg
A. 16 B. 15 But 12% alloy get destroyed in making the
C. 13 D. 12 weapon, i.e. 88% alloy is used in the weapon,
Answer: Option D so,
Solution: 88 % alloy = 33 kg
100 % alloy = 37.5 kg.
Result Physics Chemistry
59. 80% of a smaller number is 4 less than 40%
Failed 35% 45% of a larger number. The larger number is 85
greater than the smaller one. The sum of these
Passed 65% 55% two number is
A. 325
B. 425
Now, 55% of 600 passed in Chemistry = (55 X
C. 235
600) / 100 = 330 From question, 40% of those
D. 500
who passed in Chemistry(330 Students) also
passed in physics => (40 X 330) / 100 = 132 , Answer: Option C
so, 132 students passed in both Solution: Let the smaller number be x and larger
Therefore % who passed in both number be y.
= (132 X 100 ) / 600 = 22% According to the question,
Passed in both subject = 22% of total students 80% of x + 4 = 40% of y
% of students who passed in either Physics or 4y - 8x = 40
Chemistry or both = (65 +55) -22 = 98% y - 2x = 10 --------- (1)
Thus, percentage of students who failed in both y - x = 85 ----------- (2)
subjects = 2% By using (1) and (2), we get
Number of students who failed x = 75, y = 160
= 2% of 600 = 12. x + y = 235.

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60. A number x is mistakenly divided by 10 Solution: Female employees = 45%
instead of being multiplied by 10. what is the Male employees = 55%
percentage error in the result? Difference = 55 - 45 = 10%
A. -99% B. -100% 10% = 72
C. +99% D. +100% 1% = 72 /10
Answer: Option A 100 = 7.2 * 100 = 720.
Solution: Actual result = 10x
By mistake it has been divided by 10 = x /10 63. The average weight of a class of students is
% change = [10x -(10 /x) /10x] *100 = 99 67.5 kg. The weight of the class teacher is 25%
= - 99%. more than the average weight of the class. The
Since, actual value is greater than the wrong average weight of the class is less than the class
value. teacher by x%. The value of x is:
A. 33.335 B. 25%
Alternatively, C. 20% D. 22%
Let, x = 10 Answer: Option B
Actual result = 10 * 10 = 100 Solution: 100 ==25% ==> 125 ==x% ==>
wrong result = 10 /10 = 1. 100.
Change = (1 -100) = -99 x% = (25 *100) /100 = 20%.
% change = -99%. We don't need the actual value to calculate the
answer.
61. A college has raised 75% of the amount it
needs for a new building by receiving an 64. Every day a mango seller sells half his stock,
average donation of Rs. 600 from the people 10% of the stock overnight gets spoiled. If 1983
already solicited. The people already solicited mangoes rotted over 3 nights then how many
represent 60% of the people, the college will ask did he start with on the first day ?
for donations. If the college is to raise exactly A. 25,000 B. 24,000
the amount needed for the new building, what C. 30,000 D. 32,000
should be the average donation from the E. None of these
remaining people be solicited? Answer: Option B
A. 300 B. 250 C. 400 D. 500 Solution:
Answer: Option A
Solution: Let the number of people be x who has Day 1 2 3
been asked for the donations. Initial x (let) 0.45x 0.2025x
People already solicited = 60% of x = 0.6x mangoes
Remaining people = 40% of x = 0.4x Sales 0.5x 0.225x 0.10125x
Amount collected from the people solicited, Over 0.5x 0.225x 0.10125x
= 600 *0.6x = 360x night
360x = 75% of the amount collected. remaining
Remaining amount = 25% = 120x Rotten 0.05x 0.0225x 0.010125x
Thus, Average donations from remaining people Next day 0.45x 0.2025x
= 120x /0.4x = 300. stock
62. In the Bombay Stock Exchange there are Thus, Total mangoes rotten amount is
45% female employees and thus the number of => 0.05x + 0.0225x + 0.010125x = 0.082625x=
male employees is exceeded by 72. Hence the 1983
total no. of employees in the BSE is: => x = 24, 000.
A. 540 B. 720 C. 800 D. 550
Answer: Option B

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65. In a factory there are three types of machine Solution: Let the bike's initial cost be X and
M1, M2 and M3 which produces 25%, 35% and then car's initial cost be 5X.
40% of the total products respectively. M1, After the increase,
M2 and M3produces 2%, 4% and 5% defective Bike price = 1.2X
products, respectively. what is the percentage of Car price = 5.75X
non-defective products ? Initial total cost of 5 cars and 10 bikes,
A. 89% = 25X+10X = 35X
B. 97.1% New cost,
= 28.75X+12x = 40.75X
C. 96.1%
Change in cost = (40.75X-35X) = 5.75X
D. 86.1%
% change = (5.75X*100)/35 = 16(3/7)%.
E. None of these
Answer: Option C 68. Connie has a number of gold bars, all of
Solution: Non-defective products M1 = 25 X different weights. She gives the 24 lightest bars,
0.98 = 24.5% which weigh 45% of the total weight, to
Non-defective products M2 = 35 X 0.96 = Brennan. She gives the 13 heaviest bars, which
33.6% weigh 26% of the total weight, to Maya. She
Non-defective products M3= 40 X 0.95 = 38% gives the rest of the bars to Blair. How many
Percentage of non-defective products = 24.5 + bars did Blair receive?
33.6 + 38 = 96.1% A. 14 B. 15
C. 16 D. 17
66. The square of a positive number is 2000% E. 18
greater than the number itself, then the square of Answer: Option B
that number is : Solution: The average weight of the bars given
A. 1762 B. 1635 to Brennan (light) < the average weight of the
C. 441 D. 139 bars given to Blair < the average weight of the
Answer: Option C bars given to Maya (heavy).
Solution: Let the positive number be X. Let the total weight of all the bars be X.
The weight of the bars given to Brennan,
According to the question,
= 45% of X = 0.45X
X * X = X + (X*2000)/100
The weight of the bars given to Maya,
X2 = X + 20X = 26 % of X = 0.26X
X2 - 21X = 0 The weight of the bars given to Claire = rest =
X *(X - 21) = 0 29% of X = 0.29X
Either, The average weight of the bars given to
X = 0, OR Brennan,
X = 21 = Weight / number of bars = 0.45X/24
21 is the possible value. Then square of 21 is The average weight of the bars given to Maya =
441. Weight / number of bars = 0.26X/13
Similarly, if the number of bars given to Blair =
67. The cost of a car is 400% greater than the B,
cost of a bike. If there is an increase in the cost then the average weight of the bars given to
of the car is 15% and that of bike 20%. Then the Blair = 0.29X/B
total increase in the cost of the 5 cars and 10 As, the average weight of the bars given to
bikes is: Brennan (light) < the average weight of the bars
A. 17.5% B. 16(3/7)% given to Blair < the average weight of the bars
C. 18.5% D. 18.25% given to Maya
Answer: Option B

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69. At the beginning of a year ,the owner of a Solution:
jewel shop raised the price of all the jewels in
his shop by x% and lowered them by x%. The Year Value
price of one jewel after this up and down cycle
reduced by Rs.100.The owner carried out the 2000 100 (Let)
same procedure after a month.After this second
up-down cycle,the price of that jewel was 2001 110
Rs.2304.Find the original price of that jewel(in
Rs.) 2002 121
A. 2500
B. 2550
C. 2600 2003 133.1
D. 2650
E. None of these 2004 119.79
Answer: Option A
Solution: Let the original price = y, 2005 107.811
After first change, It becomes,
y * (1+(x/100)) 2006 97.0299
After second change, It becomes
y *(1+(x/100))(1-(x/100)) = y(1-(x/100)^2 ) Now,
Thus, [(100-97.0299)*100]/100 ≈ 3
x2*y = 106 ------- (1)
x2 = 106/y

Now,
y(1-(106/10000y))2 = 2304(similar to above)
y(1-100/y)2 = 2304
y = 2500.

70. From 2000 onwards, till 2003 the price of

computers increased every year by 10%. After
that due to government subsidy the price of
computers decreases every year by 10%. The
price of a computer in 2006 will be approx. how
much per cent less than the price in 2000 if the
same pattern of price is continued :
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
Answer: Option B

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Section 2 Solution: Total student = 100
Boys = 60
1. Heinz produces tomato puree by boiling Girls = 40
tomato juice. Tomato puree has 20% water Boys who plays hockey = 40% = 24
whereas tomato juice has 90% water.How many There is no information about boys who play
litres of tomato puree will be obtained from 20 badminton.
litres of tomato juice ? Girls who plays Badminton = 75% = 30
A. 2 litres B. 3 litres No girls plays hockey.
C. 2.5 litres D. 5 litres Since, we do not have information that whether
Answer: Option C the rest of the boys are playing badminton or
Solution: 20 litres juice contain 10% Tomato, not. So, we cannot determine the total no. of
i.e. student who don't play any game.
20L juice=(20*10)/100 = 2L Tomato
Tomato puree contains 80% of water and 20% 4. A book consist of 30 pages, 25 line on each
tomato. page and 35 characters on each line. If this
This 80% tomato = 2L (which is contained by content is written in another note book
100 puree) consisting 30 lines and 28 characters per line
So, Now this 2 L Consist 80% in puree then the required no. of pages will how much
Thus, total puree will be, percent greater than previous pages?
2/.8 = 2.5L. A. 4.16% B. 5%
C. 6.66% D. 7%
2. What is the percentage change in the result Answer: Option C
when we add 50 to a certain number x, instead Solution: Let the required number of pages be
of subtracting 50 from the same number x? X.
A. 50% B. 75% 30*25*35 = X*30*28
C. 100% D. 300% X = 31.25 ≈ 32
E. Can't be determined % increase in number of pages,
Answer: Option E = (2/30)*100 = 6.66%.
Solution: If we take different values of x then,
Let x = 150 then % error = [(200-100)/100]/100 5. A fraction in reduced form is such that when
= 100% it is squared and then its numerator is increased
Again if, x = 100 then % error = [(150- by 25% and the denominator is reduced t0 80%
50)*100]/100 = 200% it results in 5/8 of original fraction. The product
If we take different value of x, we get different of the numerator and denominator is :
answer so we can't determine it. A. 6 B. 12
C. 10 D. 7
3. In a school, there are 100 students. 60% of the Answer: Option C
students are boys, 40% of whom play hockey Solution: Let the fraction be 100X /100Y.
and the girls don't play hockey, 75% of girls Now according to the question, (100X
play badminton. There are only two games to be /100Y)2 = 125X2 /80Y2 = 25X2 /16Y2
played. The number of student who don't play 25X2 /16Y2 = 5/8 (100X /100Y)
any game is: (100X /100Y) = 2/5.
A. 10% B. 20% hence, product of numerator and denominator =
C. 36% D. 46% 2*5 = 10.
E. Can't be determined
Answer: Option E

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6. 80% of a number added to 80 gives the result 9. In 2000, the market shares of the toilet soaps
as the number itself, then the number is : Margo, Palmolive and dove were 40%, 30% and
A. 200 30% respectively. Starting from the next year, a
B. 300 new soap enters into the market each year and
C. 400 gets 10% of the market share. The existing soap
D. 480 share the remaining market share in the same
ratio as they did in the previous year. What
Answer: Option C
percent of the total market share will mango
Solution: Let X be the number which is added to have in 2002?
80. A. 28% B. 32%
80% of X = 0.8X C. 32.4% D. 34%
Now, E. None of these
80+0.8X = X Answer: Option C
0.2X = 80 Solution: In 2000, the market share was 40%,
X = 80/0.2 = 400. 30% and 30%, means
the ratio is 4:3:3
7. Reena goes to a shop to buy a radio costing In 2001, a new product (A) enters and has 10%
Rs. 2568. The rate of sales tax is 7% and the market share, 90% of the remaining market is
final value is rounded off to the next higher shared by the previous 3.
integer. She tells the shopkeeper to reduce the Now, divide 90% in the ratio 4:3:3 , i.e 36%,
27%, 27%.
price of the radio so that she has to pay Rs. 2568
Now the ratio is 36:27:27:10
inclusive of sales tax. Find the reduction needed In 2002, another new product (B) enters and has
in the price of the radio. 10% market share, now the remaining 90%
A. Rs. 180 market share is distributed in the ratio,
B. Rs. 210 36:27:27:10
C. Rs. 168 and hence remaining 32.4%, 24.3%, 24.3%, 9%
D. Rs. 170 Thus, the market share of Margo in 2002 is
E. None of these 32.4%.
Answer: Option C
Solution: Reduction = (7/107)*2568 = 168. 10. In an examination, 5% of the applicants
were found ineligible and 85% of the eligible
8. Australia scored a total of X runs in 50 overs. candidates belonged to the general category. If
India tied the scores in 20% less overs. If India's 4275 eligible candidates belonged to other
categories, then how many candidates applied
average run rate had been 33.33% higher the
for the examination?
scores would have been tied 10 overs earlier. A. 30000 B. 35000
Find how many runs were scored by Australia? C. 37000 D. 39000
A. 250 B. 240 Answer: Option A
C. 200 D. 190 Solution: Let the total number of applicants be
E. Can't be determined X.
Answer: Option E Number of eligible candidates = 95% of X
Solution: Since, Eligible candidates of other categories,
Run scored = Over *Run rate = 15% of (95% of x)
= (15/100) *(95/100) *X
If overs is reduced by 25%, run rate will go up
= 57/400X
by 33.33%. Hence, Australia could have scored or, (57/400)X = 4275
any number of runs. X = (4275 *400) / 57 = 30000.

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11. In a competitive examination in State A, 6% 14. A population of variety of tiny bush in an
candidates got selected from the total appeared experiment field increased by 10% in the first
candidates. State B had an equal number of year, increased by 8% in the second year but
candidates appeared and 7% candidates got decreased by 10% in third year. If the present
selected with 80 more candidates got selected number of bushes in the experiment field is
than A. What was the number of candidates 26730, then the number of variety of bushes in
appeared from each State ? beginning was:
A. 7600 A. 35000
B. 8000 B. 27000
C. 8400 C. 25000
D. 8800 D. 36000
Answer: Option B Answer: Option C
Solution: Let the number of candidates Solution: Let the number of bushes originally be
appearing from each state be X. 100.
Then, Number of bushes after one year,
7% of X - 6% of X = 80 100 ==10% ( ) ==> 110
Or, 1% of X = 80 After second year it becomes,
Or, X = 80 * 100 110 ==8%( ) ==> 118.8
X = 8000. After third year,
118.8 ==8%( )==> 109.3.
12. Three candidates contested an election and Now, according to the question,
received 1136, 7636 and 11628 votes 109.3 = 26730
respectively. What percentage of the total votes 1 = 26730/109.3
did the winning candidate get ?
A. 45% B. 57% So, 100 = (26730/109.3) *100 = 25000. Thus,
C. 60% D. 65% number of bushes originally was 25000.
Answer: Option B
Solution: Total number all three got together is, NOTE: You can take number of bushes
= (1136 + 7636 + 11628 ) = 20400 originally as x then solve for the x.
% of vote the winning candidate got is,
= (11628 / 20400) *100 = 57%. 15. If a% of x is equal to b% of y, then of c% of
y is what % of x ?
13. Fresh grapes contain 80% while dry grapes A. c%
contain 10% water. If the weight of dry grapes B. (ac/b)%
is 250 kg, what was its total weight when it was C. (bc/a)%
fresh? D. abc%
A. 1000 kg B. 1125 kg Answer: Option B
C. 1225 kg D. 1100 kg Solution: (ax)/100 = (by)/100
Answer: Option B Or, ax = by
Solution: Quantity of water in 250 kg dry grapes => y = (ax)/b
= (10 /100) *250 = 25 kg c% of y = (cy)/100
Then, pulp of grapes = 225 kg Or, (cy)/100 = (cax)/100b
We get 20 kg pulp in 100 kg fresh grapes. Thus,
To get 225 kg pulp , we need fresh grapes, c% of y = ca/b % of x.
= (100 *225)/20 = 1125 kg.

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16. Mr. X salary increased by 20%. On the Solution: They covered the distance in this way
increase, the tax rate is 10% higher. The together in different hours.
percentage increase in tax liability is: 6+6.5+7+7.5+8+8.5+9+9.5+10 = 72
A. 20 Means,they'll meet at the 9th hr.
B. 22 So,In that time A will cover = 4*9 = 36km.
C. 23 They will meet in Midway.
D. 24
Answer: Option B 19. In company there are 75% skilled workers
Solution: Let his original salary be Rs. 100. and reaming are unskilled. 80% of skilled
Salary after increment = Rs. 120 workers and 20% of unskilled workers are
Let the tax on original salary be 20% and now permanent. If number of temporary workers is
tax on increased salary (Rs. 20) will be 22% i.e.126, then what is the number of total workers ?
Rs. 4.40. A. 480 B. 510
Thus, increase in tax liability = (6.60 /20)/100 =
C. 360 D. 377
22% Answer: Option C
Solution: Let the number of total workers = X
17. The total emoluments of A and B are equal. Number of skilled workers = 75% of X
However, A gets 65% of his basic salary as =75X/100 = 3X/4
allowances and B gets 80% of his basic salary as No. of unskilled workers
allowances. What is the ratio of the basic = 25% of X = 25x/100 = X/4
salaries of and B? No. of permanent workers,
A. 16 :13 B. 5 :7 = (80/100)*(3X/4) + (20/100)*(X/4)
C. 12 :11 D. 7 :9 = (3X/5) + (x/20) = 13X/20
Answer: Option C No. of temporary workers,
Solution: Let the basic salaries of A and B be x = X -(13X/20) = 7X/20
and y respectively. Now, 7X/20 = 126
Now, X = 360.
x + 65% of x = y + 80% of y
x + (65x)/100 = y + (80y)/100 20. Population of a district is 2,96,000 out of
x /y = 180/165 = 12:11. which 1,66,000 are male. 50% of the population
is literate. If 70% males are literate, then the
18. Distance between A and B is 72 km. Two number of woman who are literate, is
men started walking from A and B at the same A. 32,200
time towards each other. The person who started B. 31,800
from A traveled uniformly with average speed C. 66,400
of 4 km/hr. The other man traveled with varying D. 48,000
speed as follows: In the first hour his speed 2 Answer: Option B
km/hr, in the second hour it was 2.5 km/hr, in Solution: No. of population who are literate =
the third hour it was 3 km/hr, and so on. When / 50% 296000 = 148000
where will they meet each other? No. of male = 166000
A. 7 hours after starting No. of female = 296000 - 166000 = 130000
B. 10 hours after starting No. of literate male = 70% of 166000 = 116200
C. 35 km from A No. of literate women
D. Mid-way between A and B = 148000 - 116200 = 31800.
E. Can't be determined
Answer: Option D

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21. A litre of water evaporates from 6L of sea 24. In Sabarmati Express, there as many wagons
water containing 4% salt. Find the percentage of as there are the no. of seats in each wagon and
salt in the remaining solution. not more than one passenger can have the same
A. 5(1/2)% berth (seat). If the middlemost compartment
B. 3(1/2) carrying 25 passengers is filled with 71.428% of
C. 3% its capacity, then find the maximum no. of
D. 4(4/5)% passengers in the train that can be
Answer: Option D accommodated if it has minimum 20% seats
Solution: Quantity of salt in 6L of sea water, always vacant.
= (6*4)/100 = 0.24 A. 500 B. 786
C. 980 D. 1060
Percentage of salt in 5L of sea water,
E. None of These
= (0.24*100)/5 = 4(4/5).
Answer: Option C
Solution: Total number of passenger in each
22. Two discount of 8% and 12% are equal to a compartment = (25*7)/5 = 35
single discount of: Total berth = 352 = 1225
A. 20% Maximum available capacity = (1225*80)/100 =
B. 19.04 980 seats.
C. 22.96
D. 22% 25. The population of a village is 5000 and it
Answer: Option B increases at the rate of 2% every year. After 2
Solution: After first discount, years, the population will be:
100 ---8% ----> 92 A. 5116 B. 5202
After second discount, C. 5200 D. 5204
92 ---- 12% ----> 80.96. Answer: Option B
Single discount = 100-80.96 = 19.04%. Solution: Population after two years,
= 5000 *[1 +(2/100)]2 = 5202
23. In a library 60% of the books are in Hindi,
60% of the remaining books are in English rest Alternatively,
of the books are in Urdu. If there are 3600 books 5000 ==2% ==> 5100 ==2% ==> 5204.
in English, then total no. of books in Urdu are:
A. 2400 B. 2500 26. In a class, the no. of boys is more than the
C. 3000 D. 3200 no. of girls by 12% of the total strength. The
Answer: Option A ratio of boys and girls is:
Solution: Let there are X books in the library. A. 15 :11 B. 11 :14
C. 14 :11 D. 8 :11
Number of Hindi books = 60% of X = 60X /100
Answer: Option C
= 0.6X Solution: Let the no. of total student in the class
Remaining Books = X - 0.6X = 0.4X = 100 and number of boy = X
Number English books = 40% of reaming books and 12% of the 100 is 12
= 60% of 0.4X = 0.24X. Number of girl is x-12.
Urdu Books = X-0.6X -0.24X = 0.16X total number of student is x + (x-12) = 100;
Given, therefore x = 56.
0.24X = 3600 Then, No of boys = 56
X = 3600/0.24 = 15000 No. of girls = 44
Urdu Books = 0.16X = 0.16*15000 = 2400. Boys:Girls = 56:44 = 14:11.

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27. In an office there were initially N Now, rest cubes = 160 -64 = 96
employees. The HR manager first hired P% No. of cubes with one face outside
employees then after a month Q% employees = 6 *(4*4) = 96
left the office, the value of (P - Q) is: Required % = (96 *100)/216 = 44.44%.
A. PQ B. (PQ) /100
C. P/Q D. Q/P 30. The number of members in Aditya's family
E. None of These is (20 + k)% more than that in Shobhit's family,
Answer: Option B where k is a real number. The number of
Solution: P/(100+P) = Q/100 members in Gautam's family is 25% less than
Or, 100(P-Q) = PQ that in Aditya's family. What is the minimum
Or, (P-Q) = PQ /100. number of members in the three families taken
together?
28. The amount of work in a leather factory is A. 8 B. 9
increased by 50%. By what percent is it C. 10 D. 15
necessary to increase the number of workers to E. None of these
complete the new amount of work in previously Answer: Option A
planned time, if the productivity of the new Solution: Let the number of members in
labour is 25% more. Aditya's family be 4x (a positive integer).
A. 60% B. 66.66% Therefore, the number of members in
C. 40% D. 33.33% Gautam's and Shobhit's familfes will be 3x
Answer: Option C and 4x[100/(120 + k)] respectively.
In order to minimize the required value, x
Solution: Men*Time = Work
has to be 1.
100*1 = 100 unit work
Since 4 x 1[100/(120 + k)] is a positive
150*1 = 150 unit work
integer, (120 + k) should be a factor 400. It
Extra man power = 50
can be observed that the quantity
But since, new workers are 5/4 time as efficient
4x 1[100/(120 + k)] realises its minimum
as existing workers. value (i.e. 1) at 120 + k = 400 or k = 280.
Thus, Hence, the minimum number of members in
Actual no. of workers = 50/(5/4) = 40 workers the three families taken together
% required = (40*100)/100 = 40%. = 4 x 1 + 3 x 1 + 1 = 8.
29. A big cube is formed by rearranging the 160 31. 78% Of 750 + 34% Of X = 30% of 2630.
coloured and 56 non-coloured similar cubes in Find X.
such a way that the expouser of the coloured A. 960 B. 600
cubes to the outside is minimum. The C. 800 D. 750
percentage of exposed area that is coloured is: Answer: Option B
A. 25.9% B. 44.44% Solution:
C. 35% D. 32% 78% Of 750 + 34% Of X = 30% of 2630
E. None of These Or, {(78*750)/100} + 34X/100
Answer: Option B = (30 *2630)*100
Solution: Total number of cubes Or, 78*750 + 34X = 30*2630
= 160 +56 = 216 Or, 34X = 78900 - 58500
Thus, side of cube = 6 unit Or, X = 20400 /34
No. of cubes without exposure = (6 -2)3 = 64 Hence, X = 600.
Thus 64 cubes will be inside of a big cube.

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32. X * 12 = 75% of 336. Find X. Solution: Yearly subscription rate = Rs. 1785.
A. 27 B. 25 Charge for 12 month as rate Rs. 175 per month,
C. 21 D. 19 = 12*175 = Rs. 2100.
Answer: Option C Discount = 2100-1785 = Rs 315
Solution: 12X = (75 *336)/100 % discount = (315*100)/2100 = 15%.
X = (75 *336)/(100 *12)
X = 21. 36. In a metro train there are 600 passengers out
of which 34% are females. Fare of each male is
33. A shop sells floor tiles at Rs 48 per square Rs. 20 and each female's fare is 25% less than
meter. A contractor employs a machine that each male. What is the total revenue generated
polishes the tiles that damages 10% of the total by all the passengers together?
number of tiles which cannot be used any more. A. Rs. 10880
Calculate the amount that needs to be paid by B. Rs. 10980
contractor to tile shop owner, if the hall is of a C. Rs. 10740
square shape and has a perimeter of 400 meters? D. Rs. 10680
A. Rs 4,00,000 B. Rs 5,00,000 Answer: Option B
C. Rs 5,28,000 D. Rs 3,65,000 Solution: Total Passengers = 600
Answer: Option C No. of females = (600*34)/100 = 204.
Solution: Let the side of the square shaped hall No. of male passengers = 600-204 = 396.
be X meter. Fare of each male = Rs. 20
Then, Fare of female, 15% less, so,
Perimeter = 4X = (20*75)/100 = Rs. 15 each.
4X = 400 Total revenue generated by male
X = 100 m = 396*20 = Rs. 7920
Area of the hall = 100*100 = 10000 sq. meter. Total revenue generated by female
Now, = 204*15 = 3060
The cost on total tiles = 10000*48 = Rs. 480000 Total Revenue = 7920+3060 = Rs. 10980.
But, 10% damage has occurred on tiles which
will also be included in cost i.e Total cost = 37. In a test, minimum passing percentage for
480000 + 10% of 480000 = 480000 + 48000 girls and boys are 45% and 60% respectively. A
= Rs. 5, 28, 000 . boy scored 767 marks and failed by 313 marks.
What are the minimum passing marks for girls?
34. 125% of 860 + 75% of 480 = ? A. 910 B. 920
A. 1415 B. 1385 C. 840 D. 810
C. 1435 D. None of these Answer: Option D
Answer: Option C Solution:
Solution: [{(125*860)/100} + {(75*480)/100} Minimum pass percentage for Boys = 60%
= 1075 + 360 A boy gets 767 and failed by 313, it means
= 1435. 767 + 313 = 60%
35. A person subscribing to sky cable for a year 1080 = 60%
pack Rs. 1785. If the monthly subscription is Rs. 60% = 1080
175, how much discount does a yearly Or, 1% = 1080/60
subscriber get? Or, 45% = (1080*45)/60 = 810.
A. 11% B. 13% So minimum passing marks for girls = 810.
C. 15% D. 18%
Answer: Option C

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38. 50 minutes is what percentage of a day = 10% of 140
(approx.)- = Rs. 14
A. 3.5% B. 4% C. 5% D. 6% Rs. 14 now yield 500gm sugar.
Answer: Option A So, Present rate of sugar = Rs. 28 per kg.
Solution: 50 = x% of 24*60 If the present value is Rs. 90, the original value
x = 3.472% = Rs. 100.
x = 3.5% approx. If the present value is Rs. 28 the original value,
= Rs. (1 0 0/9 0)*2 8 = Rs. 31.11.
39. In an examination 36% are pass marks. If an
examine gets 17 marks and fails by 10 marks, 43. Two numbers are respectively 20% and 50%
what are the maximum marks? of a third number. What per cent is the first
A. 90 B. 75 C. 60 D. 55 number of second?
Answer: Option B A. 10% B. 20%
Solution: Pass mark=(17+10)= 27 C. 30% D. 40%
Let maximum marks be x. Answer: Option D
Then 36% of x = 27 Solution:
Or, 36x/100 = 27 Let third number is X.
Or, 36x 2700 Then first no = 20% of X = 20X/100
Hence, x = 75 Second number = 50% of X = 50X/100
Percent of first no of second no,
40. Find 100/3 % of 600. = [(20X/100)/(50X/100)] * 100 = (2*100)/20 =
A. 100 B. 150 C. 200 D. 225 40%.
Answer: Option C
Solution: 44. An empty fuel tank of a car was filled with
100/3 % of 600 = (100*600)/(3*100) = 200. A type petrol. When the tank was half-empty, it
was filled with B type petrol. Again when the
41. If 75% of the students in a school are boys tank was half-empty, it was filled with A type
and the number of girls is 420, the number of petrol. When the tank was half-empty again, it
boys is: was filled with B type petrol. What is the
A. 1176 B. 1350 C. 1260 D. 1125 percentage of A type petrol at present in the
Answer: Option C tank?
Solution: A. 33.5% B. 37.5%
No. of boys = 75%. C. 40% D. 50%
No. Girls = 25% = 420. Answer: Option B
Now comparing, 25% = 420 Solution:
1% = 420/25 Let the capacity of the tank be 100 litres.
So, 75% = (420*75)/25 = 1260. Initially: A type petrol = 100 litres.
No. of boys = 1260. After first operation:
A type petrol = [(100/2)] = 50 litres;
42. Due to fall of 10% in the rate of sugar, 500 B type petrol = 50 litres.
gm more sugar can be purchased for Rs. 140. After second operation:
Find the original rate? A type petrol = [(50/2 + 50)] = 75 litres;
A. Rs. 31.11 B. Rs. 29.22 B type petrol = [(50/2)] = 25 litres.
C. Rs. 33.11 D. Rs. 32 .2 2 After third operation:
Answer: Option A A type petrol = [(75/2)] = 37.5 litres;
Solution: B type petrol = [(25/2 + 50)] = 62.5 litres.
Money spent originally = Rs. 140. Required percentage = 37.5%.
Less Money to be spent now

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45. For an examination it is required to get 36% Remaining pole = 192 - 120 = 72 m.
of maximum marks to pass. A student got 113 Spider covered in Second hour,
marks and failed by 85 marks. The maximum = 25/2 % of remaining height.
marks for the examination are: = (25*72)/(2*100) = 9 m.
A. 500 B. 550
C. 565 D. 620 49. What is a percent of b divided by b percent
Answer: Option B of a?
Solution: 36% marks = 113 + 85. A. a B. b C. 1 D. 10 E. 100
=> 36% marks = 198. Answer: Option C
So, 1% marks = 198/36 = 5.5. Solution:
=> 100% marks = 5.5 *100 = 550. a percent of b = (a/100)*b = (ab/100).
b percent of a = (b/100)*a = (ab/100).
46. On division we get 1.
1% of 1% of 25% 1000 is:
A. 0.025 B. 0.0025 50. In an election 4% of votes cast are invalid. A
C. 0.25 D. 0.000025 candidate gets 55% of casted votes and wins the
Answer: Option A election by 4200 votes. Find the total number of
Solution: 1% of 1% of 25% 1000 votes casted.
= 1% of 1% of [(25 *1000)/100] A. 30000 B. 43750
= 1% of 1% of 250 C. 45000 D. 42000
= 1% of [(1 *200)/100] Answer: Option B
= 1% 0f 2.5 = 2.5/100 = 0.025 Solution: Winner gets 55% of votes.
As 4% votes were declared invalid so 96%
47. The population of a village increase by 5% would be the valid votes.
annually. If its present population is 4410, then So, Winner gets 55% of 96% valid votes.
its population 2 years ago was: Winner gets % valid votes
A. 4500 B. 4000 = (55*96)/100 = 52.8% votes.
C. 3800 D. 3500 Loser gets = 96 - 52.8 = 43.2% votes.
Answer: Option B Difference = 9.6%
Solution: coming from the options (B) 4000, Now, 9.6% = 4200.
after 1st year 5% increase So, 1% = 4200/9.66
i.e.4000+200=4200. Thus, 100% Votes = (4200 *100)/9.66 = 43750.
again 2nd year 5% increase 4200+210=4410. Hence, Total Voters = 43,750.
its like a compound interest.
Alternatively,
48. A spider climbed 125/2% of the height of Let total number of voters were X.
the pole in one hour and in the next hour it Invalid Votes = 4%.
covered 25/2% of remaining height. If pole's Valid Votes = 96%.
height is 192 m, then distance climbed in second Total Valid Votes = 96% of X = 96X/100 =
hour is: 0.96X
A. 3m B. 5m Winner gets 55% of Valid Votes,
C. 7m D. 9m = (0.96 * 55)/100 = 0.528X votes.
Answer: Option D Loser gets = (0.96X - 0.528X) = 0.432X.
Solution: Height of the Pole = 192 m. Difference = 0. 528 - 0.432 = 0. 096X.
Spider covered in first hour, 0.096X = 4200
= 125/2 % of 192. X = 43750.
= (125 *192)/(2*100) = 120 m.

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51. In a mixture there is 15% of salt. When 30
liter of water is evaporated, salt becomes 20% of
mixture. Find the initial quantity of mixture.
A. 120 lit. B. 110 lit.
C. 125 lit. D. 115 lit.
Answer: Option A
Solution: Let Mixture was X initially.
Initial Salt = 15% of X = 0.15X.
Initial Water = 85% of X = 0.85X.
30 liter of water evaporated.
So, Final water = (0.85X - 30).
Now, salt rises to 20% of the mixture, it means
as water dried up salt rises.
Now, Total Mixture = (0.85X -30 + 0.15X).
Final salt = 20% of(0.85X - 30 + 0.15X)
As,
Initial Amount of salt = Final amount of salt,
we have,
0.15X = 20% of(0.85X - 30 + 0.15X)
0.15X = 0.20X - 6.
Or, 0.5X = 6.
Thus, X = 120.
Initial amount of the mixture was 120 liter.
52. The schedule working hour of a labour in a
week if 48 hours and he gets Rs. 480 for that.
Over time rate is 25% more than the the basic
salary rate. In a week a labour gets Rs. 605, how Difference = 0. 528 - 0.432 = 0. 096X.
many hours altogether he works in that week.
A. 49 B. 52
C. 55 D. 58
Answer: Option D
Solution:
Schedule working hours in week = 48.
Total pay in a week for schedule working hours A. Rs. 36, Rs. 40
= Rs. 480.
Pay per hour for schedule working hours =
480/48 = Rs. 10.
Pay per hour for over time = 10 + 25% of 10 =
Rs. 12.5.
Total pay in that particular week = Rs. 605.
Extra pay = 605 - 480 = 125.
So, total over time = 125/12.5 = 10 hours.
Thus, total work hour altogether in that week = And the original price = (100 *36)/90 = Rs. 40
48 +10 = 58 hours.
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53. In an election 4% of the votes caste become
invalid. Winner gets 55% of casted votes and
wins the election by a margin of 4800 votes.
Find the total number of votes casted.
A. 45000 B. 48000
C. 50000 D. 52000
Answer: Option C
Solution:
Winner gets 55% of votes.
As 4% votes were declared invalid so 96%
would be the valid votes.
So, Winner gets 55% of 96% valid votes.
Winner gets % valid votes = (55*96)/100 =
52.8% votes.
Loser gets = 96 - 52.8 = 43.2% votes.
Difference = 9.6%
Now, 9.6% = 4800.
So, 1% = 4800/9.66
Thus, 100% Votes = (4200 *100)/9.66 = 50,000.
Hence, Total Voters = 50,000.
Alternatively,
Let total number of voters were X.
Invalid Votes = 4%.
Valid Votes = 96%.
Total Valid Votes = 96% of X = 96X/100 =
0.96X
Winner gets 55% of Valid Votes,
= (0.96 * 55)/100 = 0.528X votes.
Loser gets = (0.96X - 0.528X) = 0.432X.
0.096X = 4800
X = 50,000.
54. A reduction of 10% in the price of cloth
enables a man to buy 6 meters of cloth more for
Rs. 2160. Find the reduced price and also the
original price of cloth per meter.
B. Rs. 40, Rs. 36
C. Rs. 36, Rs. 44 D. Rs. 44, Rs. 36
Answer: Option A
Solution: Money spent originally = Rs. 2160.
Less money to be spent for now for the same
length of cloth = 10% of 2160 = Rs. 216.
It means Rs. 216 enables a man to buy 6 meters
of cloth.
So, reduced price = 216/6 = Rs. 36 per meter.
per meter.
Page 98
 Mathematics (From www.examveda.com)
55. A gardener increased the rectangular garden 58. Two students appeared at an examination.
by increasing its length by 40% and decreasing One of them secured 9 marks more than the
its width by 20%. The area of the new garden: other and his marks was 56% of the sum of their
A. has increased by 20%. marks. The marks obtained by them are:
B. has increased by 12%. A. 39, 30 B. 41, 32
C. has increased by 8%. C. 42, 33 D. 43, 34
D. is exactly the same as the old area. E. None of these
Answer: Option B Answer: Option C
Solution: Let original area of the garden was Solution: Let their marks be (x + 9) and x.
100 square unit. Then,
Increase or decrease in area can be easily
determined by this graphic:
100==40% up length==> 140 == 20% down ⇒ 25(x + 9) = 14(2x + 9)
width ==>112 (Final Area) ⇒ 3x = 99
So, there is 12% increase in area of the garden. ⇒ x = 33
So, their marks are 42 and 33.
56. If A exceeds B by 40%, B is less than C by
20%, then A : C is 59. A fruit seller had some apples. He sells 40%
A. 28 : 25 B. 26 : 25 apples and still has 420 apples. Originally, he
C. 3 : 2 D. 3 : 1 had:
Answer: Option A A. 588 apples B. 600 apples
Solution: C. 672 apples D. 700 apples
Let B = 100. Then, E. None of these
A = 100 + 40% of 100 = 140. Answer: Option D
Let C = X. Solution: Suppose originally he had x apples.
X - 20% of X = 100 Then, (100 - 40)% of x = 420.
0.8X = 100
X = 100/0.8 = 125. Therefore,
A : C = 140 /125 = 28 : 25.

57. A batsman scored 110 runs which included 3

boundaries and 8 sixes. What percent of his total 60. What percentage of numbers from 1 to 70
score did he make by running between the have 1 or 9 in the unit's digit?
wickets? A. 1 B. 14
A. 45% B. 45(5/11) % C. 20 D. 21
C. 54(6/11) % D. 55% E. None of these
E. None of these Answer: Option C
Answer: Option B Solution: Clearly, the numbers which have 1 or
Solution: Number of runs made by running 9 in the unit's digit, have squares that end in the
= 110 - (3 x 4 + 8 x 6) = 110 - (60) = 50. digit 1. Such numbers from 1 to 70 are 1, 9, 11,
∴ Required percentage 19, 21, 29, 31, 39, 41, 49, 51, 59, 61, 69.
Number of such number =14

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 Mathematics (From www.examveda.com)
61. If A = x% of y and B = y% of x, then which Then, Number of students above 8 years of age
of the following is true? = (100 - 20)% of x = 80% of x.
A. A is smaller than B.
B. A is greater than B
C. Relationship between A and B
cannot be determined.
D. If x is smaller than y,
then A is greater than B.
E. None of these
Answer: Option E 64. Two numbers A and B are such that the sum
Solution: x% of y of 5% of A and 4% of B is two-third of the sum
of 6% of A and 8% of B. Find the ratio of A : B.
A. 2 : 3 B. 1 : 1
= y% of x C. 3 : 4 D. 4 : 3
∴ A = B. Answer: Option D
Solution:
62. If 20% of a = b, then b% of 20 is the same
as:
A. 4% of a B. 5% of a
C. 20% of a D. None of these
Answer: Option A
Solution:

65. A student multiplied a number by 3/5 instead

of 3/5. What is the percentage error in the
63. In a certain school, 20% of students are calculation?
below 8 years of age. The number of students A. 34% B. 44%
above 8 years of age is 2/3 of the number of C. 54% D. 64%
students of 8 years of age which is 48. What is Answer: Option D
the total number of students in the school? Solution:
A. 72 B. 80
C. 120 D. 150
E. 100
Answer: Option E
Solution: Let the number of students be x.

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 Mathematics (From www.examveda.com)
66. In an election between two candidates, one 69. Gauri went to the stationers and bought
got 55% of the total valid votes, 20% of the things worth Rs. 25, out of which 30 paise went
votes were invalid. If the total number of votes on sales tax on taxable purchases. If the tax rate
was 7500, the number of valid votes that the was 6%, then what was the cost of the tax free
other candidate got, was: items?
A. 2700 B. 2900 A. Rs. 15 B. Rs. 15.70
C. 3000 D. 3100 C. Rs. 19.70 D. Rs. 20
Answer: Option A Answer: Option C
Solution: Number of valid votes = 80% of 7500 Solution: Let the amount taxable purchases be
= 6000. Rs. x.
∴ Valid votes polled by other candidate = 45%
of 6000

67. Three candidates contested an election and

∴ Cost of tax free items
received 1136, 7636 and 11628 votes
= Rs. [25 - (5 + 0.30)]
respectively. What percentage of the total votes
= Rs. 19.70
did the winning candidate get?
A. 57% B. 60%
70. Rajeev buys good worth Rs. 6650. He gets a
C. 65% D. 90%
rebate of 6% on it. After getting the rebate, he
Answer: Option A
pays sales tax @ 10%. Find the amount he will
Solution: Total number of votes polled = (1136
have to pay for the goods.
+ 7636 + 11628) = 20400.
A. Rs. 6876.10 B. Rs. 6999.20
∴ Required percentage =
C. Rs. 6654 D. Rs. 7000
Answer: Option A
Solution: Rebate
= 6% of Rs. 6650
68. Two tailors X and Y are paid a total of Rs.
550 per week by their employer. If X is paid 120
percent of the sum paid to Y, how much is Y =
paid per week?
A. Rs. 200 B. Rs. 250 Sales tax
C. Rs. 300 D. None of these = 10% of Rs. (6650 - 399)
Answer: Option B
Solution: Let the sum paid to Y per week be =
Rs. z.
Then, z + 120% of z = 550. ∴ Final amount
= Rs. (6251 + 625.10) = Rs. 6876.10

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 Mathematics (From www.examveda.com)
Section 3

1. The population of a town increased from

1,75,000 to 2,62,500 in a decade. The average
percent increase of population per year is:
A. 4.37%
B. 5%
C. 6%
D. 8.75%
Answer: Option B
Solution: Increase in 10 years = (262500 -
175000) = 87500.
Increase% =

∴ Required average =

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