‫ܕ‬ ܵ ‫ܗܪ‬

ܸ
(Fourth Lesson)

̈݁ ܿ ܿ
ܸܵ ܸ ܼ ܼ
(Introduction to Readings)

̈ ܶ ܳ ܼ ܳ̇
(bnoA qo-lé – Vocabulary) ‫ـــــ‬ .‫ܐ‬

Heavens (cma-yo) ܳ ܰ̈ = ܳ + ܰ̈
Sanctuary/ ܳ ‫= ܽ ݂ܕ‬ ܳ + ‫ܽ ݂ܕ‬
Holy Object/
Holiness
(qood-co)
Name (cmo) ܳ = ܳ
ܶ ܺ݁ ܶ ܺ݁
ܳ ‫ ݂ܬ ݁ ̇ ܽ = ܬ ݂ܬ‬+ ‫ܬ‬
Come (tee-té)
‫ ݂ܬ‬+ ܰ
ܳ ܽ̇ ݁ ܰ +
Kingdom (mal-koo-to)
‫݂ܬ‬ =
Be (néh-wé) ‫ ܶܘ = ܶ ܶܘ‬+ ܶ
Will (Séb-yono) = ܳ + ܳ + ݂ ‫ܶܨ‬
ܳ ܳ ݂ ‫ܶܨ‬
ܰ
As / = ܳ +ܰ ܰ݁ + ‫ܐ‬
How / Why ܳ ܰ̇ ݁ ‫ܐ‬
(ay-ka-no)
ܳ ܳ
Also / ‫݂ܐܦ = ݂ܐܦ‬
Even
(op)

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 Earth / ܳ ‫= ܰܐܪ‬ ܳ ܰ
+ ‫ܐܪ‬
Land /
Country /
Soil /
Ground
(ar-Io)
Give / ‫ܗܒ‬ ݂ܰ
݂ ܰ = ‫ܗܒ‬
Shine /
Bloom
(hab)
Bread / ܳ ܰ = ܳ + ܰ
Shewbread
(laH-mo)
Need / = ܳ + ܳ + ܽ
Necessity ܳܳ ܽ
(soon-qo-no)
Day (yaw-mo) ܳ ܰ = ܳ + ܰ
Today (yaw-mo-no) = ܳ + ܳ + ܰ
ܳ ܳ ܰ
Forgive / ‫݂݂ܽ ܩ = ݂݂ܽ ܩ‬
Leave /
Allow /
Still Less
(cbooq)
Sins (Haw-bé) ܶ݁̈ ܰ = ܶ݁ + ̈ ܰ
ܳܳ ܳ + ܳ
ܳ=
Sin (HTo-ho)
ܳ
Not (lo) =
Trial / = ܳ + ܳ + ܶ

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 Experiment / ܳܳ ܶ
Examination
(nés-yo-no)
ܳܶ ܳ ܶ
But / ‫= ܐ‬ + ‫ܐ‬
But Rather /
Howl /
Lament Aloud /
Wail
(é-lo)
To Save / ܳ ݁ = ܳ ݁
Deliver
(pSo)
From (mén) ܶ = ܶ
Evil / ܳ ܺ݁ = ܳ + ܺ݁
Wrong
(bee-co)
ܽ ܶ
Because (mé-Tool)
ܽ = ܽ ܶ +
(Classically Written : ‫) ܶ ܠ‬
Possessive (deel) ‫= ݁ ܺܕ‬ ‫݁ ܺܕ‬
(ex: my ..., your ..., their ...)
She / ‫ܺܗܝ = ܺܗܝ‬
It /
Is
(hee)
ܳ
Kingdom / = ‫ ܳ ݂ܬ‬+ ܽ ݁ + ܰ
Realm /
Reign
‫ܰ ݁ ܽ ݂ܬ‬
(mal-koo-to)
ܳ ܰ ܳ
Power / = + ܰ

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 Mighty Work /
Strength /
Virtue /
Force
(Hay-lo)
ܳ݁ ܽ ݁ ܶ݁
Glory / = + + ‫ܬ‬
Praise ܳ݁ ܽ݁ ܶ݁
(téc-booH-to)
‫ܬ‬
Eternity / ܳ ܳ = ܳ + ܳ
World /
Age
(Iol-mo)
Spoon (tar-wo-do) = ‫ ݂ ܳܕ‬+ܰ ܳ‫ ܘ‬+ ‫݁ ܰܬܪ‬
݂ܳ ܳ
‫ܬܪܘܕ‬
Knife (sa-kee-no) = ܳ + ܺ݁ + ܰ
ܳ ܺ݁ ܰ
Eye (Iay-no) ܳ ܰ = ܳ + ܰ
ܳ݁
Skull / =
ܳ݁ ܰ
+ ݂ܰ + ܰ
Chief /
݂ ܰ
Summit /
Top /
Hill
(qar-qap-to)
Head / ܳ ‫= ܺܪ‬ ܳ + ‫ܺܪ‬
Top /
Summit /
End /
Beginning /

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 First-fruits /
Army Front /
First /
Chief /
Prefect /
Superior /
Abbot /
Division /
Part /
(Army) Corps /
Chapter (of Book) /
Region /
The Best /
Capital (of Country) /
Venom
(ree-co)
To Behead (qar-qép) ݂ܶܺ ܰ = ݂ܶ + ܺ ܰ
Hand (ee-do) ܳ ݂ ‫ ݂ ܳܕ = ܐ‬+ ‫ܐܝ‬

(qér-yo-né – Readings) ܶ ܳ ܶ .‫ܒ‬

(Hail Mary) ܰ ܰ ̱ ݂ ܶ ܳ ‫ܐ‬

ܰ ܰ ̱ ݂ܶ ܳ
ܳ ܽ݁ ܰ ܰ ܰ
‫݂ܬ‬ ݂
ܶ
݂ܰ ܳ ܰ ‫ܢ‬ ܰ ܳ
̱
ܶ̈ ܶ ݁ ‫ܰ ܰ ݁ ܐ ݁ ܝ‬
̱ܳ ̱ ݂ ݂
ܶ ܰ݀ ‫ܕ‬ ݁ ‫ܪ‬ ܺ ‫ܰܘ ܰ ܰ ܟ ܽܗܘ‬
̱ ݂ ݂ ̱ ݂ ݂

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 ‫ܳ ܰܢ ܶ ܽ ܥ‬
‫ܺـܳ‬
‫ܳ ݁ܬ̱ܝ ܰ ܰ‬
‫ܐܶ ܶ ݁ ܰܕ ܳ ܳ‬
‫ܰ ܰ ܳ ̈ܶ‬ ‫ܳ ܰ‬ ‫ܰ‬ ‫ܰ‬ ‫݁‬ ‫ܶ‬
‫݂ܳܐܬ ܳ ݂ ܰ ̱ ܳ ݁ ܳ ݂ ܰ ݁ ܰ ܺܰ‬
‫ܕ ܬܢ ܐ ܀‬ ‫ܗ ܘ݂‬
‫)‪(Transliteration at the end of the lesson‬‬

‫ܰ )‪(We Believe‬‬ ‫ܺ‬ ‫̇ ܰ‬ ‫ܒ‬

‫ܳ ݂ ܽــ ݂ܕܳ‬ ‫ܐܰ ܺ ــ ݂ ݁ ــܽ‬ ‫ܰـ ݁ ܰــ ݂ ܰ ܳــ ܳ ܐܰ ݂ ـܳ‬ ‫̇ ܰ ܺ‬

‫ܶ ݁ ܶ ̈ ܰ ܳ ܰ ܳ‬ ‫ܰ ܳ ܰ ܽ ܶ ܰ‬
‫݂ܘܕ‬ ‫ــ ܕ ـــ‬ ‫݂ܘܕܐܪ ــ ݂ܘܕ ݂ ــ ܐ‬ ‫݁ ܰܕ ̈ ܰ ܳــ‬
‫ܶ ـ̈ ܰ ܳ‬
‫ܰܘ ݂ ܰ ݂ ܳ ܳ ܶ ܽ ܥ ܺ ܳ ـ ܺـ ܺ ــ ݂ ܳ ܳ ݁ ـ ܳ ݁ ܰܕ ܳـ ܳ‬
‫ܐܬ ܶ ݂ ݂ ܳ ܡ ݁ ܽ ـ ܽ ܘܢ ܳ ̈ܶ ـ ‪ܳ ܰ .‬ـ ܳ‬ ‫ܰ݀ ݁ ܶ ܰ ܳ ܶ ܺ‬
‫݂‬ ‫݂‬ ‫ܗܘ ܕ ܐ‬
‫݁ ܶ ܰ ܳܳ ܽ ܳ ݁ ܶ ܽ ܳ ܰ ܳ‬
‫ܗܪ ـ ܳ ܰ ܺ ـ ܳ ݁ܕ ܶ ـ‬ ‫ܗܪ ܕ ـ ܳ ـ‬ ‫ܕ‬
‫ܰܳ‬
‫ܰ ــ ܳ ܰ ܺ ــ ܳ ܺ ܺ ــ ݂ ܳ ܘ ݂ ܺ ــ ݂ ܳ ܰܘ ــ ܶ ݁ ܽ ܘ ܺ ܰــ‬
‫ܽ ܰ‬
‫ܶ ـ ݁ ܶ ܡ‪ܰ .‬ܗ݀ܘ ݁ܕ ܶ ܳ ـ ݂ ܢ‬ ‫ܗܘ ݁ ܽ ـ‬ ‫݂ ܽ ̱ܗܝ ݁ܕ ݂ ܺ ݂ ܶ ܗ ܳ‬
‫ܽ‬
‫݁ ܰ ̈ ܳ ܳ ــ ܘ ܶ ــ ݁ ܽ ــ ܪ ܳ ܰ ܶــ ݂ ܶ ــ ܽ ̈ ܰ ܳ ܳــ‬
‫ܘܐܬ ݁ ܰ ܰ ܶ ܽܪܘ ܳ ݁ܕ ܽ ݂ܕ ܳ ܘ ܶ ܰ ܰ ݁ ݂ ܘ ݁‬ ‫݂‬ ‫ܶ‬
‫ܺ‬ ‫ܰ ܳ ݁ܰ ܳ ܳ ܶ ܶ‬
‫ܳ ݂ ܰ ݁ ܰـ ̈ ܰ ݁ ܶ ܳ ـ ܣ‬ ‫݂‬ ‫‪ .‬ܘܐܨ‬ ‫ܳ‬ ‫ܘܗܘ‬
‫݁ܺ ܰ‬
‫ܳ ܰ ܳ ̈ ܳ‬ ‫ܰ‬ ‫ܶ‬ ‫ܺ‬ ‫ܰ‬
‫ܶ ݂ ــ ݂‬ ‫ܘܐܬ ݂ ‪ .‬ܘ‬ ‫ܰܣ‪ .‬ܘ ܺ ܘ ݂ ݂‬
‫ܰ ̈ ܺ ܐ ̱ ݂ ݁ ܰܕ ݂ ݂ ݂ ܽ ‪ܰ .‬ܘ ܳ ܶ ܶ ܰ ̈ ܰ ܳ ـ ܺܘ ݂ ݂ܒ ܶ ـ‬
‫ܰ ܺ ܳ ݁ ܰܕܐ ݂ ܽ ̱ܗܝ‪݁ .‬ܘܬ݂ܘܒ ݂ܐܬ ݁ ܽ ـ ݂ ܶ ܰܪ ݁ ܳ ـ ܰ ـ ݂ ܳ ܪ‬

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 ‫ܳ‬ ‫ܳ‬ ‫ܳ‬ ‫ܽ‬ ‫ܰ ̈ܶ ܰ ܺ ̈ ܶ ܰ ݀ ݁ ܰ ܰ ݁ ܽ ܶ‬
‫ــ‬ ‫ــ ݂ܬܗ‬ ‫ܺ ــ ܘ ــ ݂ ܗܘ ܕ‬
‫ܐ ݂‪.‬‬
‫ܰ ܰ ܽ ܳ ܰ ݁ܺ ܳ ݁ܺ ܰ‬
‫ܘܗܝ ܳ ܳ ܰ ܰ ـ ܳ ܳ ݁ܕ ݂ ܽ ‪.‬‬ ‫ܕܐ ݂ ܶ ̱‬ ‫ܪܘ‬ ‫݂‬ ‫݂‬ ‫ܘ‬
‫ܰ݀ܗܘ ݁ܕ ܶ ـ ܐܰ ݂ ܳ ـ ܰܘ ݂ ــ ܳ ܳ ݂ ـ ܘ ܰ ـ ܐ ݂ ܳــ ܘ ܰ ـ ݁ ــ ܳ‬
‫ܰ‬
‫ܶ ݀ ݁ ݂ܶ ـــ ݂ ܘ ܶ ݁ ݁ ܰـــ ܳ ܰ ݀ܗܘ ݁ܕ ܰ ݂ـ ܶــــ ܽ ݁ ܰ ̈ ݂ ܺ ܶـــ‬
‫ܳ‬
‫ܘ ݂ ܰ ܺ ̈ـــ ܶ ‪ .‬ܘ ݂ ܰ ــ ݂ ܳ ܺــ ݁ ̱ ݁ܬ ܰ ݁ ܺ ــ ݁ ܰ ݁ܬܘ ܺ ܺــ‬
‫ܰ ܺ ܳ ݁ܳ ܰ ݁ܶ ܰ ܳ ܰ ܽ ܺ ܳ‬
‫ܽ ݂ ܳ ܳـ‬ ‫݂‬ ‫݂ܕ‬ ‫݂‬ ‫ܘ ـ ـ ‪.‬ܘ ܕ‬
‫݁ ܰ ܳ ̈ܶ ܰ ܰ ݁ ܶ ܰ ܰ ܳ ݁ ܳ ݁ ܺ ̈ ܶ ܰܘ ܰـــ ̈ܶ‬
‫ܺــ ܰ ــ ܕ ــ ݂‬ ‫ܕ ܶــ ‪ .‬ܘ‬
‫ܰ ـ̈ ݂ ̱݁ܬ ݁ܕ ܳ ܳ ݁ ܰܕ ݂ ݂ ‪ .‬ܐ ܺ ܀‬
‫)‪(Transliteration at the end of the lesson‬‬

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 Readings’ Transliteration .‫ܓ‬
‫ܐ‬
clom-lék mar-yam
clom-lék mar-yam
mal-yat Tay-boo-to
mo-ran Ia-mék
mba-rak-to at bné-cé
wam-ba-ra-koo pee-ro dkar-sék
mo-ran yé-cooI mcee-Ho
mort mar-yam
é-méh da-lo-ho
ét-ka-cap Hlo-payn Hnan Ha-To-yé
ho-co wab-coI-to dmaw-tan a-meen ‫܀‬
‫ܒ‬
mhaym-nee-nan
mhaym-nee-nan bHad a-lo-ho a-bo a-Heed kool Io-boo-do dac-ma-yo wdar-
Io wad-kool-héyn ay-léyn dmét-Haz-yon wad-lo mét-Haz-yon
wab-Had mor-yo yé-coowI mceey-Ho yee-hee-do-yo da-lo-ho haw dmén a-
bo é-tee-léd qdom kool-hoon Iol-mé. a-lo-ho dmén a-lo-ho nooh-ro dmén
nooh-ro a-lo-ho ca-ree-ro dmén a-lo-ho ca-ree-ro yee-lee-do wlo Ibee-do
wash-wé boo-see-ya la-booy dbee-déh hwo kool mé-dém. haw dmé-Too-lo-
tan bnay-no-co wmé-Tool poor-qo-nan nHét mén cma-yo wét-ga-cam mén
roo-Ho dqood-co wmén mar-yam btool-to wah-wo bar-no-co. wéST-léb Hlo-
payn byaw-may pén-Tee-yows peey-la-Tows. wHac wmeet wétq-bar. wqom
lat-lo-to yaw-meen ak dak-teeb. was-léq lac-ma-yo wee-téb mén ya-mee-
no da-booy. wtoob o-té bcoob-Hé ra-bo lam-dor lHa-yé wal-mee-té haw
dal-mal-koo-téh coo-lo-mo lo eet.
wab-Had roo-Ho qa-dee-SHo dee-taw mor-yo maH-yo-no dkool. haw dmén
a-bo wab-ro no-péq wIam a-bo wIam bro mést-géd wméc-ta-baH haw
dma-lél ban-bee-yé wbac-lee-Hé. wbaH-do Iee-to qa-deec-to qa-too-lee-qee
wash-lee-Hoy-to. wmaw-déy-nan Hdo maI-moo-dee-to lcoob-qo-no daH-To-
hé. wam-sa-kéy-nan laq-yom-to dmee-té wal-Ha-yé Had-té dIol-mo daI-teed
a-meen ‫܀‬ ‫܀܀܀‬

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 The Syriac (Aramaic) History
(Part 4)
(This historical material is written by other authors, and this author doesn’t claim authorship of the material
in the section “The Syriac (Aramaic) History”)

The Middle Phoenician Period (2150-332 B.C.)

• Amorites (Phoenician people of Southern Lebanon and Al-Biqa’ )

took the mountain region of Lebanon, and then reached Byblos and
the coast.
• They also extended their domination to Babylone and Mespotamia.
• Egypt is subjected to them from 1725 to 1580 B.C.
• 13th Century B.C. Syria and Phoenicia are a battlefield between
between the Hittite and the Egyptian Empires.
• 13th Century B.C. the Hebrews coming from Egypt occupy Southern
Phoenicia and become influenced by Phoenician Civilisation.
• The Phoenicians found colonies in the area extending from the
Danube in the North to the heart of Africa in the South, and from
India in the East to Gibraltar in the West.
• Huge literary fecundity.
• The temple of Solomon built by the Phoenicians of Byblos, Tyre, and
Siddon.
• The invention of the Alphabet.

‫܀܀܀‬

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 (Names : cmo-hé) ܶ ܳ

English French Arabic Syriac Using Syriac

English Letters
Hardini Hardini
‫ﺣﺮدﯾﻨﻲ‬ Har-dee-nee ܺ ‫ܰ ܺܕ‬
Sharbel Charbel ‫ﺷﺮﺑﻞ‬ car-bél ܶ ܰ
ܶܰ
Alexander Alexandre ‫ اﻻﺳﻜﻨﺪر‬a-lék-sand-ros ‫ܰ ܳܪܘܣ‬
Alexandria Alexandrie ‫ اﻻﺳﻜﻨﺪرﯾﺔ‬a-lék-sand-ree- ܰ ‫ܰ ܶ ܰ ܺܪ‬
ya
Andrew André ‫أﻧﺪراوس‬ and-ré-was ‫ܪܐܘܣ‬ ܰ ܶ ‫ܰܐ‬
Antioch Antioche ‫أﻧﻄﺎﻛﯿﺎ‬ an-Tee-yoo- ܰ ܺ ܽ ܺ ‫ܰܐ‬
kee-ya
Stephen Étienne ‫اﺳﻄﻔﺎن‬ ésT-fan ܰ ‫ܐܶ ـ‬
Asia Asie ‫آﺳﯿﺎ‬ a-see-ya ܰ ܺ ‫ܰܐ‬
Spain Espagne ‫إﺳﺒﺎﻧﯿﺎ‬ as-fan-ya ܰ ܰ ‫ܰܐ‬
ܺ ܶ
Esther Esther ‫أﺳﺘﯿﺮ‬ és-teer
ܰ ‫ܐ‬
Ephrem Ephrem ‫أﻓﺮام‬ af-rém ܶ ‫ܐ‬
Africa Afrique ‫أﻓﺮﯾﻘﯿﺎ‬ af-ree-qee-ya ܰ ܺ ܺ ‫ܰܐ‬
France France ‫ﻓﺮﻧﺴﺎ‬ af-ran-sees ܺ ܰ ‫ܰܐ‬

‫܀܀܀܀‬

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