DOCTRINE Mat As of 14 Sept 2016 POC: LTC Veneziano

Unified Action Army Planning Methodologies Types of Orders (ADP 3-0) Operation Structure Provide intellectual
Central idea: synchronize, coordinate, and /or integration of the activities -Operation order Provide a broad process Provide basic options for
(Lead) Understand Visualize Describe Direct (Assess) visualizing and describing organization for common
of governmental and nongovernmental entities with military operations to Army Design Methodology Military Decisionmaking Process Troop leading Procedures (OPORD). for conducting operations critical tasks
operations
achieve unity of effort. Operational art. Step 1 – Receipt of mission. Step 1 – Receive the mission. -Fragmentary order
Unified Land Operations Critical and Creative thinking Step 2 – Mission analysis. (FM 6-0) Step 2 – Issue a warning order. (FRAGORD).
Operations Process Operational Framework 6 Warfighting Functions
-Warning order
seizes, retains, and exploits the initiative to gain and maintain a position of relative Collaboration and Dialogue Step 3 – Course of action development. Step 3 – Make a tentative plan. Plan Decisive-Shaping-Sustaining Mission Command
Step 4 – Course of action analysis. Step 4 – Initiate movement. (WARNORD).
advantage through simultaneous offensive, defensive, and stability operations to Systems thinking -Army Design Deep-Close-Security Movement and Maneuver
Types of Plans
prevent or deter conflict, prevail in war, and create the conditions for favorable Framing Step 5 – Course of action comparison. Step 5 – Conduct reconnaissance. Methodology Main and Supporting Efforts Intelligence
–Campaign Plan
conflict resolution Mission Command Principles Narrative Construction Step 6 – Course of action approval. Step 6 – Complete the plan. -MDMP Fires
–Operations Plan
Decisive Action Army Core Competencies (Philosophy) Visual modeling Step 7 – Orders production, Step 7 – Issue the order. -TLP Sustainment
–Supporting Plan 8 Elements of
Offense
Defense
Combined Arm Maneuver
Wide Area Security
Build cohesive team through trust
Create shared understanding
(FM 6-0) dissemination, and transition. Step 8 – Supervise and refine
–Branch
–Sequel
Prepare, Execute, Assess Combat Power + Protection
Leadership and Information (ADRP 3-0 Fig 3-1)
Stability Provide clear CDRs intent
DSCA Exercise disciplined initiative (ADRP 3-90) Elements of The Army’s approach The Army’s Command Basic Tactical
Targeting Process (FM 3-13)
Elements of Principles of Operational Art to problem solving Relationship Concepts
Use mission orders F2T2EA CARVER
ADP 3-0 (ADP 6-0) Operational Joint Operations End state and –Organic (FM 6-0) -Area of operations -Rules of (ATP 3-60)
Accept prudent risk –Gather information D3A F3EAD Find Criticality
Design Objective conditions –Assigned -Combined arms engagement
Elements of Decisive Action –Identify the problem Decide Accessibility
Termination Offensive Center of gravity –Attached -Concept of operations -Tactical Find, Fix, Fix
–Develop criteria
Characteristics Offense (ADRP 3-90) Forms of Military end state –Operational Control -Decisive engagement mobility
Detect Finish Track Recuperability
Mass Decisive points –Generate possible
of the Offense Combat Forms of Objective –Tactical Control -Defeat in detail Deliver Exploit Target Vulnerability
the attack Maneuver Lines of operations solutions -Uncommitted
Audacity Formations Maneuver Effects (* ADCON- Service -Flanks Assess Analyze Engage Effect
Ambush Economy of Force and lines of effort –Analyze possible forces
Column Envelopment Authority) Disseminate Assess Recognizability
Concentration Counterattack Center of gravity Unity of Command Operational reach solutions The Army’s Support -Maneuver
Surprise Line Flank Attack Decisive point -Operation (ADRP 3-90) Commander Critical Information Requirement
Demonstration Security Basing –Compare possible Relationship
Tempo Echelon Frontal Attack Feint Lines of operations Surprise Tempo –Direct Support -Operational frameworks Priority Information Requirement (FM 6-0)
solutions
Primary Offensive (left or right) Infiltration Raid and lines of effort Simplicity –General Support -Piecemeal commitment Friendly Forces Information Requirement
Phasing and –Make and implement
Tasks Box Penetration Essential Element of Friendly Information (Not CCIR)
Spoiling attack Direct and Restraint transitions the decision. (FM 6-0) –Reinforcing -Reconstitution
Movement to contact Diamond Turning Movement indirect approach Perseverance Culmination –General Support-Reinforcing -Reserve Principles of Effects of Fires
Attack Wedge 8 Forms of Contact(FM 3-90-1) Anticipation Tactical Mission Tasks (FM 3-90.1 ) Fires Deceive Disrupt
Legitimacy Risk
Exploitation Vee Visual Direct Indirect Non-Hostile Operational reach Action by Friendly Forces Effects on Purpose Precision Delay Neutralize
Pursuit Obstacles Aerial CBRN EW Culmination Attack by Fire Follow and assume Enemy Forces Scalable (ADRP 3-09) Defeat Destroy
Components of Supporting Allow Draw
Arranging operations Breach Follow and support Block Fix Synchronized Suppress
Battle Positions Physical Security Distance Factors Cause Influence
Characteristics of Defense Responsive
(ADRP 3-90)
Primary
Force and functions Deterrence Terrain and mobility Bypass Occupy Canalize Interdict Create Open
the Defense Forms of Defense Clear Control Secure Contain Isolate Networked (FM 3-09)
Alternate Detection Distance Deceive Prevent
Disruption defense of a linear obstacle Mission Command Disengage Seize Defeat Neutralize Characteristics Operational Reach
Supplementary Assessment Enemy capabilities Deny Protect
Flexibility of Fires
perimeter defense
Subsequent
Systems Delay Friendly capabilities Exfiltrate Support-by-fire Destroy Suppress Divert Support Army Prepositioned Stocks
Maneuver reverse slope defense Personnel (ADP 3-0) Counterreconnaissance Retain Disrupt Turn All Weather Force Projection (ADP 4-0)
Strong point Response Reaction time Enable Surprise
Mass and Concentration -Defense Defensive Tasks Networks Protection Priorities (ADRP 3-90)
Precision/ Theater Opening
Operations in Depth in depth Area Defense Delay (ADP 3-0) Fundamentals of Recon Near Precision Fires
Information Systems Criticality ADRP 3-37 Basing Theater Closing
Preparation -Forward Retrograde Withdrawal Tactical Enabling Tasks Recon Forms •Ensure continuous recon. Mass Area Fires Air Assault
Processes and Procedures Vulnerability Zone
Security defense Mobile Defense Retirement Facilities and Equipment
-Reconnaissance •Do not keep recon assets in Air and Planning Phase
Recuperability -Security Operations Area reserve. Space Integration Ground Tactical Plan
Stability Operations ADP / ADRP 3-07 Operational Route (FM 3-98)
Framing Construct -Troop Movement •Orient on the recon objective. Inherently Joint Landing Plan
Primary ( ADRP 3-07) Legitimacy DDR Program SSR Endstate Variables Mission Variables Four steps to IPB Recon in Force
- Relief in Place •Report information rapidly and (ADRP 3-09) Air Movement Plan
Stability Tasks of Mission Disarmament Competent PMESII-PT METT-TC (ADRP 3-90) 1. Define the (FM 2-0) - Passage of Lines Special accurately. Loading Plan
Establish Civil Security Mandate Demobilization Capable Political Mission Composition operational environment - Encirclement Security Forms •Retain freedom of maneuver.
Establish Civil Control (ADRP 3-90) ADA Employment Staging Plan (FM 3-04)
Manner Reintegration Committed Military Enemy Disposition 2. Describe the effects of Operations Screen Cover •Gain and maintain enemy Guidelines
Restore Essential Services Consent (ADRP 3-07) Confident Economic Terrain and Strength the operational -Urban Operations Guard Area contact. Mutual Support
Support to Governance Expectations Principles Security Sector Social Weather Combat environment. Local ADA Employment
•Develop the situation rapidly. Overlapping Fires
Support to Economic and (ADRP 3-07) Reform (SSR) Information Troop – Effectiveness3. Evaluate the threat. Principles
Troop Movements Security Fundamentals Balanced Fires
Infrastructure Development Support Host Nation Ownership Infrastructure Time Available OAKOC 4. Determine threat 3. Orient on the protected Weighted Coverage Mass
-Administrative 1. Provide early & Mix
Comprehensive Approach Good Governance and Physical Civil Obstacles courses of action. force, area, or facility Early Engagement (FM 3-01)
-Approach March accurate warning Mobility
Accommodation (ADRP 3-07) Respect for Human Rights environment Considerations Avenues of Approach 4. Perform continuous Defense-in-Depth
-Tactical Road 2. Provide reaction time & recon Integration
Foster Understanding Balance Operational Support Time SWEAT-MSO Key Terrain
March maneuver space
Unity of purpose with Institutional Reform Sewer Observation / Fields of fire 5. Maintain enemy contact
ASCOPE
Cooperation Dynamics of Instability Link Security and Justice Water Cover / Concealment Mobility operations tasks Fundamentals
Area Gap-crossing Gap-crossing Combat Aviation BDE
Instability (ADRP 3-07) Stability Foster Transparency Electricity Weather Conduct breaching operations of Assured Mobility
Structure Fundamentals Combat Maneuver Missions Tasks
Grievance Resiliencies Do No Harm Academics Temperature Conduct clearing operations Predict
(ADRP 3-07) Capabilities Surprise Deliberate (ADRP 3-90) Reconnaissance
Motivation and Means Motivation and Means Trash – Clouds The Conduct gap-crossing operations Extensive preparation Detect
Organizations
Windows of Vulnerability Windows of Opportunity Medical (ATP 2-01.3) Precipitation Commander’s Construct and maintain combat Covert Prevent
Security
People Flexible planning Hasty Movement to contact
Safety Visibility Understanding
Tenets of Unified Defeat (ADRP 3-0) 5 Step Sequence Events roads and trails Traffic management LOC (ATP 3-90.4) Avoid Attack (FM 3-04.111)
Area (ATP 2-01.3) Other Consideration Wind Construct and maintain forward Neutralize
Land Operations Mechanisms Offense / Defense Organization Bridging Air assault
Destroy Mobile Information Environment (FM 3-13) airfields and landing zones Speed Protect
Flexibility Gain and maintain enemy contact (ATP 3-90.4) Air movement
Conduct traffic operations Breach
Integration (ADP 3-0) Dislocate Disrupt the enemy C2 support
Disintegrate Physical Dimension Informational Dimension Cognitive Dimension Countermobility Operations Tasks 5 Phases of Gap Crossing Fundamentals
Lethality Fix the enemy Assets (brick & mortar) Information (data centric) Opinion Site obstacles PH I - Advance to the gap (ATP 3-90.4) Suppress Aeromedical
Adaptability Isolate Maneuver (FM 3-90.1)
Factories Content Public Construct, emplace, (ATP 3-90.8) PH II - Assault across the gap Obscure Casualty Evacuation
Depth Stability Follow through (ATP
Synchronization Mechanisms Networks Flow Private or detonate obstacles PH III - Advance from the far side Secure (CASEVAC)
PH IV - Secure the bridgehead line 3-90.4)
Compel Influence Equipment Quality Leadership Mark, report, and record obstacles Reduce Personnel Recovery
Control Support Associated Infrastructures Automation Assumptions Maintain obstacle integration PH V - Continue the attack Assault (PR) Operations
 Army Design Methodology MDMP FM 6-0 Figure 9-1
The Commander’s Role
Lead Frame an operational environment
• Principles of war
PMESII- • Range of Mil Ops
PT • Experience METT-TC Current state Desired end state

Understand Visualize Describe Direct What should the

What’s going on? OE look like?
the The end state Time, space, • Warfighting Understand current
problem and the nature resources, Functions Visualize
and design of purpose, and  Mission Command
conditions desired conditions
the operation action  •Fires of OE
• Operational • Decisive • Operational Movement of the OE
environment  Intelligence
Framework
• Enemy
Action
 Deep-Close-  and maneuver
Protection
 Offense (FM 6-0, ADM, Jul 15, p. 3-2)
Security  •Sustainment
Intelligence
 Defense  Decisive-Shaping-  Movement and
 Stability Sustaining • Fires
Maneuver
 DSCA
Problem Frame
Operations
 Main-Supporting
• Sustainment Frame the problem
Develop the
Environmental Efforts
Operational • Mission Develop an
Frame
Approach (Art) plan
command Operational approach
What obstacles impede Using the
Running • Initial commander’s intent • Protection
• Plans and orders progress to desired
What broad general
estimates Elements • Planning guidance • Branches and sequels
actions will resolve problem
military decision
of • CCIR • Preparation end state
operational • EEFI • Execution making
art (FM 6-0, ADM,
(FM 6-0, ADM, Jul 15, p. 5-1) process
Assess Jul 15, p. 4-3)
Continuous assessment and reframing as required
ADRP 5-0 P.1-3
METT-TC mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available, time available, civil considerations
PMESII-PT political, military, economic, social, information, infrastructure, physical environment, time

Achieving understanding ADRP 6-0 Figure 3-2

Mission command warfighting function tasks

ADRP 6-0 Figure 3-2

Planning
Core Competencies Short-Range
Long-Range Mid-Range
Planning and
LOOs Planning Planning
Execution
Plans Future Operations Current Operations
CAM (Offense / Defense)  Issues OPORDs,
 Refines and modifies
Defense support of civil authorities core tasks with examples  Operation
 Develops initial
OPLANs and
FRAGOs, and
Stability ADRP 3-28 Figure 4-1 plansand
OPLAN
OPORDs based on
WARNOs.
OPORD.  Monitors, evaluates,
Mechanisms  Operation
 Plans for follow-on current situation. directs, and controls
 Develops branch
orders
phases (sequels).
plans.
execution of orders.
 Develops branch  Conducts limited
 Fragmentary
plans.  Assesses mid-range short-term planning.
orderslong-
 Assesses progress of  Conducts operations
range progress of operations. update and
Defeat  Sequels
operations. assessment brief.
Mechanisms
“What next?”
Branches “What if?” “What is”

Months-Weeks Weeks-Days Days-Hours

WAS FM 6-0, Cdr and Staff Org and Opns (May 14), pp. 1-7 to 1-8
(Stability)
LOEs
ADRP 3-0, Unified Land Operations, May 12, paras 2-31to 2-44