TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES-MANILA

363 P. Casal St. Quiapo, Manila

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY FOR CHE (CHEM 005)

EXPERIMENT NO.6

PAPER MAKING

SUBMITTED BY:

MANTILE, KIMROD

MILANA, JASMIN

NARANJO, ZENY

NOTADO, NICA PATRICIA

PEREZ, AIMEE

PULGAR, GIAN MARK

SUBMITTED TO:

ENGR. JUANITA APOSTOL

 EXPERIMENT NO. 6

PAPER WINEMAKING

GROUP NO. 4

GROUP MEMBERS:

Mantile, Kimrod

Milana

Naranjo, Zeny

Notado, Nica Patricia

Perez, Aimee

Pulgar, Gian Mark

INTRODUCTION:

Paper is a thin material produced by pressing together moist fibers of cellulose pulp
derived from wood, rags or grasses, and drying them into flexible sheets. While the
most common use is for writing and printing, it is also widely used as a packaging
material, in many cleaning products, and in a number of industrial and construction
processes. In papermaking, a dilute suspension of fibers in water is drained through a
screen, so that a mat of randomly interwoven fibers is laid down. Water is removed from
this mat of fibers by pressing and drying to make paper. The method of manual
papermaking changed very little over time, despite advances in technologies. The
process of manufacturing handmade paper can be generalized into five steps:

1. Separating the useful fiber from the rest of raw materials. (e.g. cellulose from
wood, cotton, etc.)
2. Beating down the fiber into pulp
3. Adjusting the color, mechanical, chemical, biological, and other properties of the
paper by adding special chemical premixes
4. Screening the resulting solution
5. Pressing and drying to get the actual paper
Screening the fiber involves using a mesh made from non-corroding and inert material,
such as aluminum, which is stretched in a wooden frame similar to that of a window.
The size of the paper is governed by the size of the frame. This tool is then completely
submerged in the solution vertically and drawn out horizontally to ensure a uniform
coating of the wire mesh. Excess water is then removed and the wet mat of fiber lay on
top of a damp cloth. The process is repeated for the required number of sheets. This
stack of wet mats is then pressed in a hydraulic press very gently to ensure the fiber
does not squeeze out. The fairly damp fiber is then dried using a variety of methods,
such as vacuum drying or simply air drying. Sometimes, the individual sheet is rolled to
flatten, harden, and refine the surface. Finally, the paper is then cut to the desired
shape or the standard shape (A4, letter, legal, etc.) and packed.
The wooden frame is called a "deckle". The deckle leaves the edges of the paper
slightly irregular and wavy, called "deckle edges", one of the indications that the paper
was made by hand. Deckle-edged paper is occasionally mechanically imitated today to
create the impression of old-fashioned luxury. The impressions in paper caused by the
wires in the screen that run sideways are called "laid lines" and the impressions made,
usually from top to bottom, by the wires holding the sideways wires together are called
"chain lines". Watermarks are created by weaving a design into the wires in the mold.
This is essentially true of Oriental molds made of other substances, such as bamboo.
Handmade paper generally folds and tears more evenly along the laid lines.
Handmade paper is also prepared in laboratories to study papermaking and in paper
mills to check the quality of the production process.

OBJECTIVE:

 To know the step-by-step procedure on how to make recycled paper using scrap
papers.
 To produce recycled paper from scrap paper.

MATERIALS:

Scrap papers Deckle ( a screen attached to a frame )

Distilled water Beaker

Sponge Stirring rod

Towel, blankets or any absorbent material Dye or any coloring agent ( optional )
PROCEDURE:

Blend, mash or
Cut or rip the
Soak the paper heat the paper
paper until the
in water from until desired
desired size is
30-45 mins. consistency is
achieved.
achieved.

Fill the tub with

Lift the deckle,
your mashed Stir the pulp,
then shake it
paper or pulp, then prepare to
back and forth
then add 1/3 of place the
to help drain
water to the deckle.
the water.
solution.
 Then your hand
Transfer the wet made paper is
sheet from the ready. Drying
Dry your paper
mould to an using any
using sponge
absorbent heating medium
medium. can be used to
dry the paper.

RESULTS:

As a result, the scrap paper used in this experiment was turned into a new re-usable
paper.

REFERENCES:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papermaking

http://www.howcast.com/videos/191499-how-to-make-paper/

http://www.wikihow.com/Make-Paper

http://paperslurry.com/2014/05/19/how-to-make-handmade-paper-from-recycled-
materials/