II.

TILLAGE EQUIPMENT
Solve the following Problems:

1. The field capacity of a rotary tiller was measured at 0.23 ha/hr. If the operating width and
speed of the machine is 1.5 m and 2 kph, respectively, what is the field efficiency of the
tiller?
2. Compute the drawbar pull and the drawbar horsepower of a 4-bottom moldboard plow on a
clay loam soil having 0.3-m effective width-of-cut per bottom and 0.15- m depth-of-cut. The
plowing speed is 10 kph. (Soil draft for clay loam soil is assumed at 8 psi).
3. In a 200-hectare corn project, the field has to be tilled within 30 days. What size of a heavy-
duty offset-disk harrow should be selected if the tractor to be used will be operated at 5-kph
speed? Assume a 75% field efficiency and an 8-hour working day.
4. A 16-hp rotary tiller is tilling at 10-cm depth. Its rotating tiller has 0.5-m width. What is the
specific power output of the machine if it is traveling at 0.5-mps speed? Assume a 0.80
power transmission efficiency for the tiller.
5. A 30-disk double-offset disk harrow is travelling at 10-kph speed. If the disk diameter is 40
cm spaced at 30 cm, what is the cutting width of the harrow? What is its theoretical field
capacity?
III. SEEDING AND PLANTING
 Solve the following Problems:

1. A 2.4-meter sugar planter is used to transplant sugarcane to a 150-hectare farm. The plant
spacing is 60 cm and the row spacing is 120 cm. Compute the number of hills the machine
can plant for the entire area. What is the rate of planting in hills per hectare if the machine
travels at 6-kph speed? Estimate the number of units of tractors and of planters required to
finish the entire area in 10 days at 8 hours/day operation. Assume an 80% planting
efficiency.
2. A 10-hectare farm will be planted with soybean at hill and row spacing of 20 cm x 30 cm. If
the seed has 80% emergence, how many plants are expected to emerge during the cropping
season.
3. A 4-meter sugar planter is used to transplant sugar cane to a 150-hectare farm. The plant
spacing is 60 cm while the row spacing is 120 cm. Compute the number of hills the machine
can plant for the entire area. What is the rate of planting in hills per hectare if the machine
travels at a speed of 6-kph? Estimate the number of tractors and planters required to finish
the entire area in 10 days at 8 hours/day operation. Assume an 80% planting efficiency.
4. A power tiller draws a two-row seeder at 30-cm spacing. The seeder has a 6-pocket metering
device and is driven by a 0.4-m ground wheel. If the required hill spacing is 0.3 m, what is the
recommended sprocket ratio for the drive? What is the theoretical field capacity of the
implement if it runs at 4 kph? What is the effective field capacity of the implement if its field
efficiency is 90%? If the seeds per hole is required at 0.8 g/seed, how many kilos of seeds are
needed to finish the 10 hectares? Assume a 90% germination percentage. How many hills
 will be planted for the 10-hectare farm? How many days will it take to finish the operation?
If the speed ratio to be used is 1.5, what is the distance per hill?
5. A 5-hectare farm is to be planted with peanut at 250 kg per hectare. The hill and row
spacings are 30 cm x 50 cm, respectively. How many kilos of peanuts is to be planted per
hill?
 IV. CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER APPLICATION

Solve the following Problems.

1. A farmer wishes to spray his vegetable farm at a rate of 300 gallons per hectare. A 16-
nozzles, 18-inches apart, sprayer will be used. The forward speed of the tractor is at 5 kph.
Compute the field capacity of the sprayer in hectare per hour. What is the required pump
capacity for the sprayer? Also, what is the capacity per nozzle?
2. If a boom sprayer has 6 nozzles and each nozzle discharges 0.6 li/ min, what is the
application rate if the spray swath and walking speed is 25 m/min?
3. Walking in the rice field operating a 1m-spray-swath sprayer, a person covers 220 m/min. If
the nozzle discharge is 0.4 liter/min, what is the application rate per hectare?
4. A sprayer containing 100 liters of mixture operates at 0.2 liter per minute per nozzle
discharge. If the sprayer boom consists of 6 nozzles, after how many hours will the mixture
be changed
 V. HARVESTING AND THRESHING

SOLVE THE FOLLOWING PROBLEMS

1. A rice reaper is designed to run at a speed of 20 km per hour. What is the design velocity of
the knife of the reaper? If the reaper is 1.0 m wide, what is its theoretical field capacity?
2. In a field demonstration of a rice reaper, with 1.2-m cutter bar, performance showed that
the average travel speed of the machine is 3 kph. The average width of cutter bar actually
utilized is 1.0 m. Time lost in crossing the dike is 5 min/ha and 10 min/ha for repair. Turning
and other idle time is 10% of the effective operating time while removing field obstruction
and clogging is 15 min/ha. What is the theoretical and effective field capacity of the
machine? What is the time lost in turning and other idle time per hectare of the reaper?
3. A five-row reaper, with 30cm-spacing per row, is harvesting at a speed of 2 kph. The field
efficiency of the reaper is 70%. If the specific draft of the machine is 2 kg per row, what is
the power output of the reaper?
4. A 6m-wide harvester is harvesting corn at 100 kg per minute. The effective width of the
machine is 90% of its width. If it runs at 2.5-kph speed, what are the effective field capacity
and the harvesting rate of the machine in tons per hectare? Assume a 70% machine field
efficiency.
5. A 600mm-diameter disk huller will be installed as return huller for a rice milling plant. As an
Agricultural Engineer, determine the diameter of the pulley required for the huller. The
 motor for the huller will have a 4inch-diameter pulley and will be expected to run at 1740
rpm.
6. An 8-x-10 rubber-roll-huller head was purchased for installation in an existing rice milling
plant. The proposed drive for the huller is an electric motor with 1720 rpm operating speed.
If the motor will use a 4-inch pulley, what will be the size of the pulley for the huller?
VII. PUMPING
1. Compute the friction head of a 6meterdepth suction pipe of a centrifugal pump that
discharges water at 0.2 m3/sec. The pipe nominal diameter is 4 inches.
2. A water pump with 0.2meter- diameter propeller discharges 60 lpm of water at a head of 5-
meter depth suction and 1- meter discharge. It is driven by an electric motor at 1720 rpm.
The pump and the motor efficiencies are 72% and 90%, respectively. Compute the water
horsepower (WHP).
3. Compute the friction head from a 6m-depth suction pipe of a centrifugal pump which
discharges 0.012 m3/sec of water. The pipe nominal diameter is 4 inches.
4. A pump, which discharges 4 liters per second at a head of 6 meters, is driven by an electric
motor. The input current of the motor is 1.5 amp while the input voltage is 220 volt. What is
the overall efficiency of the pump if the motor power factor is 0.98?
5. At 1200 rpm, a rotary pump is used to deliver milk at 6-meters head. The rate of flow of the
pump is 0.01 m3/sec. What is the fluid and brake horsepower of the pump shaft if it has a
75% efficiency? What is the motor horsepower if the transmission and motor efficiencies are
91% and 99%, respectively?
VII. AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY MANAGEMENT
SOLVE THE FOLLOWING PROBLEMS

1. A thresher has a 30cavans-per-hour capacity. Three men are required to operate it.
Other data are as follows: Purchase price = P40,000 (including engine); Utilization =
1,500 hours per year, 8 hours/day; Estimated life = 7 years. What is the depreciation cost
using straight line method?
2. What is the total fixed cost that will be incurred for the thresher in Item 1 if the cost of
money is 21% per annum?
3. Using the following additional data, what is the total variable cost that will be incurred
for the thresher n Item 1 above? Size of engine = 10 hp, Specific fuel consumption = 0.85
lb/BHPhr, Cost of fuel = P13.60/liter, Fuel specific gravity = 0.76, andSalary of Laborers =
P100.00/dayperson.
4. What is the threshing cost for the thresher in Item 1 above per cavan?
5. Determine the break-even point, and payback period. Make your own assumption as
necessary.