1. define 2.

find the
the inverse of
inverse of the given
a square square
matrix; matrix.

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THE INVERSE OF A
SQUARE MATRIX
Joemylene L. Sañosa
 1.What is the inverse
of 8?
2.What is your idea
of the inverse of a
square matrix?

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 When we multiply a
number by its reciprocal
we get 1.

When we multiply a
matrix by its inverse we
get the Identity Matrix
(which is like “1” for
matrices)

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 Why do we need
an Inverse?

Because with matrices we

don’t divide! There is no
concept of dividing by a
matrix.

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 Say we want to find matrix X, and we
known matrix A and B:

XA = B

* With matrices the order of multiplication

matters
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A group took a trip on
a bus, at P20 per child
and P50 per adult for
a total of P 70
They took
the train back at P15
per child and P40 per
adult for a total of P55
How many children,
and how many adults?

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DEFINITION

Inverse of a Square Matrix

Let A be an n x n matrix. If there exists

an n x n matrix B such that

AB = I = BA

Then the matrix B is a (multiplicative)

inverse of the matrix A.

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 𝑎 𝑏
𝑐 𝑑
≠

−1
1 𝑑 −𝑏
𝐴 =
𝑎𝑑 − 𝑏𝑐 −𝑐 𝑎

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 1 1
1. Find the inverse of the matrix 𝐴 =
1 2

1 1 −2
2. Find the inverse of the matrix 𝐴 = −1 2 0
0 −1 1

1 −1 2
3. Find the inverse of the matrix 𝐴 = 3 −3 1
3 −3 1
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Let A and B denote matrices.

1.The inverse of a matrix, when it exists, is unique.

𝑎 𝑏
2.If 𝐴 = and ad – bc ≠ 0, then 𝐴−1 =
𝑐 𝑑
1 𝑑 −𝑏
.
𝑎𝑑 −𝑏𝑐 −𝑐 𝑎
3.A matrix A is invertible if and only if it is row equivalent to
the identity matrix.
4.If A and B are invertible n x n matrices, then AB is
invertible and (AB) -1 = B-1 A-1

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 Find A-1
or 1 −2
indicate 3 −1
that it does
not exist. 0 1 −1
3 1 1
1 2 −1

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 Find A-1
or −3 1
indicate 1 2
that it does
not exist. 0 2 1
−1 0 0
2 1 1

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 Find A-1
or −2 4
indicate 2 −4
that it does
not exist. 1 3 0
1 2 3
0 −1 3

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 References:
• Introduction to Algebra with
Applications by Jim DeFranza,
et.al ( 2010), pp. 39-47
• https://www.mathsisfun.com/alge
bra/matrix-inverse.html

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THANK YOU

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