PATHO A LAB

INTRACEREBRAL
HEMORRHAGE
FLORES, IAN PATRICK GABRIEL F.
SECTION 2X
 //case
A 65 y/o chronic hypertensive male
was found unconscious in the house
and was brought immediately to the
ER. Resuscitation was made but to no
avail. Autopsy was done and revealed
with intracerebral hemorrhage.
 Intracerebral
Hemorrhage
• type of intracranial bleed
that occurs within the brain
tissue or ventricles

• common among people of

advancing age

• Occurs slightly more

frequent among men
than women
etiology & associated factors

• brain trauma, aneurysms,

atriovenous malformations,
brain tumors

• hypertension, old age,

smoking, excessive alcohol
intake
 mechanism of disease

rupturing or bursting hematoma

of small vessels formation

compression of
neuronal adjacent brain tissues
dysfunction and increased ICP
(intracranial pressure)
//gross morphology
*ACTUAL LAB SPECIMEN

//gross morphology
 • severe headache
clinical manifestations

• vomiting
• lethargy
• sudden onset of focal
neurologic deficit \

• hematoma expansion
• increased ICP
• coma
• death
 //questions
Q: What type of necrosis will be seen
in the involved brain tissue?
A: LIQUEFACTION
NECROSIS
 //questions
Q: Describe petechiae, purpura, and ecchymoses.

Petechiae Purpura Ecchymoses

(1-2mm) (>3mm) is subcutaneous
are tiny circular, non a.k.a. “blood spots” extravasation of blood
raised patches that or “skin hemorrhages” within the tissues,
appear on the skin or which results in
in a mucous or serous discoloration of the skin
membrane from seepage of blood
in the tissues
 //questions
Q: What is disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
Cite conditions that are associated with it.

A: Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is

an acute, subacute, or chronic thrombohemorrhagic
disorder that is characterized by excessive activation
of coagulation and the formation of thrombi in the
microvasculature of the body.

ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS
• endothelial injury • malignant neoplasm • obstetric conditions
• sepsis • major trauma (placental abruption)
 //reference
Kumar, Vinay, et al. Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease,
professional edition e-book. elsevier health sciences, 2014.