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    The ENIAC was the first general-purpose electronic digital computer. It was developed between 1943-1946 at the University of Pennsylvania, funded by the U.S. Army, Navy, and others to calculate artillery firing tables. The massive machine occupied 1800 square feet, weighed 30 tons, and used over 17,000 vacuum tubes. While it took weeks to reprogram, the ENIAC was able to perform calculations over 1,000 times faster than any other machine of its time. It helped pave the way for modern computers by demonstrating that rapid digital electronic computations were feasible.

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    The ENIAC was the first general-purpose electronic digital computer. It was developed between 1943-1946 at the University of Pennsylvania, funded by the U.S. Army, Navy, and others to calculate artillery firing tables. The massive machine occupied 1800 square feet, weighed 30 tons, and used over 17,000 vacuum tubes. While it took weeks to reprogram, the ENIAC was able to perform calculations over 1,000 times faster than any other machine of its time. It helped pave the way for modern computers by demonstrating that rapid digital electronic computations were feasible.

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    28 views2 pages

    ENIAC

    Uploaded by

    roswell
    The ENIAC was the first general-purpose electronic digital computer. It was developed between 1943-1946 at the University of Pennsylvania, funded by the U.S. Army, Navy, and others to calculate artillery firing tables. The massive machine occupied 1800 square feet, weighed 30 tons, and used over 17,000 vacuum tubes. While it took weeks to reprogram, the ENIAC was able to perform calculations over 1,000 times faster than any other machine of its time. It helped pave the way for modern computers by demonstrating that rapid digital electronic computations were feasible.

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    ENIAC

    On May 31, 1943, the military commission for the new computer began with the
    partnership of John Mauchly and John Presper Eckert. It took the team about one
    year to design the ENIAC and then 18 months plus half a million dollars in tax
    money to build it. The machine wasn't officially turned on until November 1945,
    by which time the war was over. However, not all was lost, and the military still
    put ENIAC to work, performing calculations for the design of a hydrogen bomb,
    weather predictions, cosmic-ray studies, thermal ignition, random-number
    studies, and wind-tunnel design.

    In 1946, Mauchly and Eckert developed the Electrical Numerical Integrator and
    Calculator (ENIAC). The American military sponsored this research because it
    needed a computer for calculating artillery-firing tables, the settings used for
    different weapons under varied conditions for target accuracy.

    The ENIAC was an intricate and elaborate piece of technology for the time.
    Housed within 409-foot-tall cabinets, the machine contained 17,468 vacuum
    tubes along with 70,000 resistors, 10,000 capacitors, 1,500 relays, 6,000 manual
    switches, and 5 million soldered joints. Its dimensions covered 1,800 square feet
    (167 square meters) of floor space and weighed 30 tons, and running it consumed
    160 kilowatts of electrical power. Two 20-horsepower blowers delivered cool air
    to keep the machine from overheating.

    In just one second, the ENIAC (1,000 times faster than any other calculating
    machine to date) could perform 5,000 additions, 357 multiplications, or 38
    divisions. The use of vacuum tubes instead of switches and relays resulted in the
    increase in speed, but it was not a quick machine to reprogram. Programming
    changes would take the technician’s weeks, and the machine always required
    long hours of maintenance. As a side note, research on the ENIAC led to many
    improvements in the vacuum tube.

    Despite its significant advances in computation in the 1940s, ENIAC's tenure was
    short. On October 2, 1955, at 11:45 p.m., the power was finally shut off, and the
    ENIAC was retired

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