Power Services

6B Users Conference

California, USA
June 2019

Daniel Vandale
Addressing the 6B
Emissions Footprint
GE Power

© 2019, General Electric Company.

GE Proprietary Information - The information contained in this document is General
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information contained in this document may also be controlled by the US export
control laws. Unauthorized export or re-export is prohibited. This presentation and
the information herein are provided for information purposes only and are subject to
change without notice. NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY IS MADE OR IMPLIED
AS TO ITS COMPLETENESS, ACCURACY, OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR
PURPOSE.

All relative statements are with respect to GE technology unless otherwise noted.
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Many changes across the regulatory landscape
Formaldehyde (HCHO)
• March 2004 – standard for GTs issued – 91 ppb@15%O2 (within 10% of baseload)
• Required was stayed until this year (2019)
• EPA now lifting stay – all turbines installed since January 14, 2003 must comply
• Measurement methods CARB 430 vs. EPA 320 (FTIR)

NOx
• NYS DEC Peaker Rule
• New emission limits are applicable to all units starting May 1, 2025
− 25 ppmvd (15% O2) for gas combustion
− 42 ppmvd (15% O2) for oil combustion

Carbon/Greenhouse gases
• California Cap & Trade Program
• EU requiring ability to burn 100% H2 by 2030
− 20% of H2 by 2020 www.slido.com
− 2050 goal of a climate neutral economy #6BUC2019

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Current 6B emissions technologies and capabilities
NOx@15% CO
COMBUSTOR FUEL DILUENT
O2 (ppm) (ppm)
Water 42 10
Steam 42 10
Natural gas
Water 25 80
Diffusion single Steam 25 40
nozzle
Water 65 10
Distillate Water 42 20
Water 25 80
25 15
Natural gas N/A
Premix DLN1/1+ 15 25
Low NOx 65 10
Distillate Water
42 20 Remove Body
Tertiary Passage
Add Notch to
Passively Feed
Premix DLN1+ Natural gas N/A 9 25 Transfer Passage

ULN
(Transferless) Distillate Water 25 25
Premix DLN1+ Natural gas N/A 5 25 Increase Peg Hole

ULN (Transfer) Distillate Water 25 25

Diameters for Higher
Transfer Mode Flow

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 www.slido.com
Ultra low NOx (ULN) configurations #6BUC2019
DLN1+ ULN Transfer System DLN1+ ULN Transferless System
Gas Only NOx Dual Fuel NOx Gas Only NOx Dual Fuel NOx
at 25ppm CO at 25ppm CO at 25ppm CO at 25ppm CO
Technology Description Base load (ppm) Base load (ppm) Base load (ppm) Base load (ppm)

• Tuning valves
• Independent
Fully
Pilot 7.6 8.5
Accessorized • CLEC 4 4.9
• AutoTune

Remove tuning valves 4.3 5.2 8.9 9.2

Remove variable pilot 4.5 5.5 9.4 10.3

Remove closed-loop
5 6.1 10 11.1
emissions control

Remove AutoTune 6.8 8.2 10.5 11.9

Most common configurations

Technologies can be traded for lower NOx

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Emissions study: Switching from STD+WI to DLN or ULN
A site with a temperature profile:
STANDARD COMBUSTOR
Duty CO tons/yr. NOx tons/yr.
Base loaded unit 50 40
Cyclic loaded unit 60 150
Peaker loaded unit 25 70

DLN1 LOW NOx

Duty CO tons/yr. NOx tons/yr.
Base loaded unit 120 20
Cyclic loaded unit 200 90
Peaker loaded unit 85 45

DLN1 ULTRA LOW NOx

Duty CO tons/yr. NOx tons/yr.
Base loaded unit 120 8
Cyclic loaded unit 200 60
Peaker loaded unit 85 30

Values are estimates only. Key

assumptions include 100% CH4, 60%
RH, Simple Cycle, IBH on DLN Units
Source of charts: https://weatherspark.com
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The renewables are coming! The renewables are here!

Transmission and
Delivery

Energy storage/Management

-
Batteries

Synchronous Electrolysis
condenser

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 www.slido.com
A hydrogen economy – Is it coming? #6BUC2019

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A hydrogen economy – Reducing carbon emissions
For 100% CH4 by vol:
CH4 + 2*(3.76 N2 + O2) -> CO2 + 2*H2O + 7.52*N2 (Stoichiometric complete combustion)
-> mol Wt of CH4 = 16.04, mol Wt of CO2 = 44.01 => 44.01/16.04 = 2.74

Every 1 lb. of fuel yields CH4/H2 Fuel blend

100%
2.74 lbs. of CO2!!

%H2 by mass
80%
60%
H2
BTU/lb 51543 40%
BTU/scf 274 20%

CH4 0%
BTU/lb 21515 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
H2 BTU/scf 911
%H2 by volume

Storage Approximate tons carbon emissions/*Start

7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
Natural 3.0
Gas Standard SN H20 Inj. 2.0
1.0
42ppm @15% O2 0.0
*Ignition to FSFL Distillate 100% CH4 (by vol) 30%H2/70% CH4 (by
vol)
50%H2/50% CH4 (by
vol)

It takes a lot of Hydrogen (by vol) to replace Methane

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A hydrogen economy – Can a 6B burn 100% H2?
Frame 6B – % Hydrogen Variation 1999-2007
Frame 6B–% Hydrogen variation 1999-2007
6B fuel6Bgas
Fuel Gas % Hydrogen Content
% hydrogen content
100

95

90

85

% Hydrogen Content in Gas

80

75

70

65

60

55

50
1/1/99 10/10/99 7/18/00 4/26/01 2/2/02 11/11/02 8/20/03 5/28/04 3/6/05 12/13/05 9/21/06 6/30/07
Date

Gas H2 Content

Fuel nozzle tip Liner Transition piece

FIRED HOURS ON COMBUSTION PARTS = 31,176 HOURS

Been There, Done That.

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 www.slido.com
High H2 Fuel gas experience
#6BUC2019

GT experience on hydrogen
process plants

Model No. Gas Features Model No. Gas Features

PGT10 1 RFG 82% H 2 MS6000B 1 RFG 78% H 2

Methane+ MS6000B 2 RFG Up to 60%

MS700EA 3 Blend 50% H 2 H2
Up to 80% MS6000B 1 RFG Up to 52%
MS600B 1 PG H2 H2

MS6001B 1 RFG 12% to MS6000B 1 RFG 59% H 2

50% H 2
Up to 95% MS5001P 1 RFG 30% to
MS6001B 1 PG H2 50% H 2

MS6001B 1 RFG ~70% H 2 MS5001P 1 RFG 50% H 2

MS5001P 2 RFG 20% to

MS6000B 1 RFG 66% H 2 60% H 2
62.5% H 2 MS5001P 1 RFG 60% H 2
LM5000 1 RFG 30.5% CO propane

LM5000 3 PG 50% CH MS3002J 3 PG 60% H 2

4/H2
blend

MS6000B 2 RFG 70% H 2 MS3002J 2 TG ~60% H 2

MS6001B 1 SG 65% H 2 GE10 1 RFG 76% H 2

500,000+ Hours on High Hydrogen Gases

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