CONTEMPORARY ART  Bahay Kubo (Nipa Hut) – Bamboo slats provide

natural ventilation
DAY 1 o BALANGKAS (Framework) - The skeletal
WHY DO ARTIST CREATE ART? element
 Recognition o BATALAN (Washing area) - It is used for
washing hands and feet, bathing kids
 Worship
and washing pots and dishes.
 Self – expression
o BULWAGAN (main house) - Used as
living, dining, and sleeping area.
Greyground Painting – mash-up of styles (Hyperrealism)
o SILONG (underneath the house) - An
 Ronald Ventura Painting
enclosed/open space under the house.
Religion – evident in many religious structures in the
ancient world
SPANISH ERA
“Hapag ng Pag-asa” (2005) – Joey Velasco
 Version of last supper with streets children  Formal painting inspired by Byzantine, Gothic,
depicted as apostles Baroque, and Rococo art styles
 48x96 canvas  Religion-inspired arts

Levi Celerio – play music using leaf  Basi Revolt (1821)

 Driven by impulse - Esteban Villanuev
 “Ang Pasko ay Sumapit” para sa movie na Pugad - Filipino revolt against Spaniards because of
ng Agila wine (basi)
 “Mga Awit ni Heber” - Haley’s comet – sign of incoming war
 Baroque Aesthetics - Cathedral Church of Saint
Mary, Spain and Miagao Church in Iloilo
PRE-COLONIAL
 Antique Furnitures – Baroque inspired wood
1. Old Stone Age carvings made by JUAN FLORES (Father of
 Espinosa Ranch Site, Cagayan Province (Proof of Pampanga Sculptures and Woodcarving)
earliest man’s presence)
2. New Stone Age  Damian Domingo
 Shell bracelets and pendants - Father of Filipino Painting
 Shells – fashioned into tools/ornaments - First- self-portrait in Philippines
 Maitum Jar (anthropomorphic jar) - Mindanao, - Artist of the decorative art illustrations Tipos
Philippines del pais watercolor paintings that depict local
 Boxer codex (Surigao) – indicator of social costumes
classes  Juan Luna y Novicio
 Alibata/Baybayin (Badlit – Visayan script; - Spolarium (gold medal in Madrid 1884)
derived from India) - Filipino painter, sculptor, and political activist
3. Others - Parisian Life (Interior d’un Café or Inside a
 Pottery, Weaving, Tattoo, Jewelry, Carving, Mel Café) – prostitute girl = inverted Philippines;
Crafts three men = Jose Rizal, Juan Luna, and Ariston
Bautista
 Okir – design /pattern that include curvilinear
 Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo
lines and Arabic geometry figures
- One of the greatest Filipino painters
 Maranaos of Lanao, Philippines
- A touch of Romanticism and Neoclassicism
1. Torogan - flower symbol of highest title
holder 2 FILIPINO ART STYLE DEVELOPED
2. Naga – serpent
3. Sarimanok – chicken-like figure
  Miniaturismo - pays attention to the  Guillermo Tolentino- “Father of Philippine Arts"
embroidery and texture - the National Artist Awards for Sculpture
 Letras y Figuras – letters with figures in 1973
- "Bonifacio Monument" (Balintawak)-
Filipinos cry for freedom
AMERICAN PERIOD - "The Oblation" (UP-Diliman) - academic
• The American brought in Education and Value freedom
Formation (“American way of life” by Alice
Guillermo, 1994) TRIUMVIRATE OF PHIL. MODERN ART
• Art Illustration, Advertising and Commercial  Victorio Edades, Carlos “Botong” Francisco, and
Design gained popularity Galo B. Ocampo
• Painting themes still largely favored Genre - Introduced the Modern Art styles (pop art,
Paintings, Landscapes and Still Life maximalism, minimalism, abstraction,
• Portraits are reserved for high ranking officials expressionism, constructivism, magic realism,
and environmental art) before the World
 Neoclassicism(architecture) – White Hall and War II
City Hall of Davao
THE LEGEND OF 13 MODERN
 Art Deco (architecture) – Chrysler Building
 Victorio Edades
(William van Alen) and Metropolitan Theater
 Hernando R. Ocampo
(once housed zarzuela performances)
 Vicente Manansala
 METAmorphosis - Rebirth of Metropolitan
 Ricarte Purugunan
Theater
 Jose Prado
- Third attempt to restore was initiated by First
 Carlos Francisco
Lady Imelda Marcos then President GMA
 Galo B. Ocampo
- Juan Arellano – architect
 Diosdado Lorenzo
 Art Nouveau (Architecture) – Museum of
 Demetrio Diego
Instruments of music and Uy-Chaco
 Cesar Legaspi
building(Samuel Rowell – architect)
 Anita Magsaysay-Ho
- Style of decorative art, architecture, and
 Bonifacio Cristobal
deisng prominent in Western Europe and US
 Arsenio Capili
(1890 – WW1)
- Characterized by intricate linear designs and
flowing curves based on natural forms
CONTEMPORARY PERIOD
 Mariano Uy- Chaco Building – Plaza Cervantes in
• Postmodern art - a body of art movements that
Binondo (1914); 98 years old (falling apart
sought to contradict some aspects of
inside, only ground floor is serviceable)
modernism
- Intermedia, installation art, conceptual art
NOTABLE ARTISTS
and multimedia, particularly involving video
 Fabian Dela Rosa – brightest name in Phil.
• Contemporary art – artists lives in 21st century
Painting after Luna; leading Master of Genre in
- mirrors contemporary culture and society
1st quarter of the century
- is a dynamic combination of materials,
 Fernando Amorsolo – portraitist and painter of
methods, concepts, and subjects that
rural landscapes
challenges traditional boundaries and defies
- Best known for craftsmanship and
easy definition
mastery in the use of light
- Diverse and eclectic
- First National Artist (1972)
- lack of a uniform organizing principle,
- Impressionism, Luminism, Realism
ideology
- Subjects inspired by Phil. Genre and
History, nudes, and society portraits
 - give voice to the varied and changing
cultural landscape of identity, values, and
beliefs.
- audiences play an active role in the process
of constructing meaning about works of art.
 Altermodernism – “reloading process” of
modernism
- a movement connected to the creolisation of
cultures and the fight for autonomy, but also
the possibility of producing singularities in a
more and more standardized world
- Tate Exhibition (Nicolas Bourriaud)
 The end of postmodernism
 Cultural hybridization
 Expanding formats of art

1. Aking Aliw – Acrylic on Lamesita

2. Kandungan – Acrylic on chair

 Rafael Cusi – Master of Color Painting

- Celebrates the density and clarity of his
subject.

 Aris Bagtas
10 CONTEMPORARY FILIPINO ARTISTS
1. Ernest Concepcion (1977-present)
o a studio artist whose work experiments with
intense emotion, deconstructing images in
his paintings, sculptures, and installations.
o creates art like recording a music album
o “series of nine”
o B Fine Arts; under Roberto Chabet
o had solo show at the U.P. Vargas Museum,
after participating in the El Museo del Barrio
La Bienal in New York
o recent recipient of the 13th Artists Award by
CCP
o “OMG Christ” (2015)
2. Ronald Ventura (1973-present)
o B Fine Arts in Painting, UST
o first solo exhibition at the Drawing Room,
Makati (2000)
o work is known to consist of multiple layers,
using imagery that focuses on the human
form
o union of comic sketches, reality, graffiti
o draws inspiration from Asian mythology,
Catholicism, science fiction and comic book
characters.
o highest selling work in the history of the
Southeast Asian art market (2011)
 “Grayground” sold for $1.1 million
USD or 47 million pesos (auctioned at
Hong Kong)
3. Leeroy New (1986-present)
o originally a sculptor
o work blends theatre, fashion, film,
production design, and public art
o graduated from Philippine High School for
the Arts; B Fine Arts, UP
o received artist residences in Singapore and
Australia
o awarded the 13 Artists Award (2014)
o His large-scale public art uses common
objects and materials found in everyday
environments.
o sand dunes of Paoay, Ilocos Norte, convert
discarded water tanks and cement fountains
into a post-apocalyptic park filled with
sculptures
o transform the most polluted waterway in
Manila, the Pasig River, with floating
installations – challenging views on the
environment.
4. Oscar Villamiel (1953-present)
o multimedia artist known for his large-scale
installations consisting of objects found in
local communities
o worked as a set designer for television, a
leather bag craftsman and a successful t-
shirt company entrepreneur
o first solo exhibition in 2006
o Mga Damong Ligaw (‘Wild Weeds’, 2014) –
bullhorn installation to look like a terrain of
weeds when viewed at a certain angle; Light
and Space Contemporary in Fairview,
Manila.
o work reflects the current socio-political
situation in the country, highlighting
elements of poverty, consumerism, and
religion
o “Payatas” (thousands of doll heads) -
represent the Philippines in the Singapore
Biennale exhibition in 2013; 2 and a half
years of work
5. Dex Fernandez (1984-present)
o Caloocan native
o practices a variety of mediums ranging from
painting to street art and animation.
o influenced by pop culture, graffiti, children’s
drawings, and tattoo
o “Garapata street art” – famous for this art
series
o “Heartache” (2018) located in the Drawing
Room
6. Neil Pasilan (1971-present)
o brother of Diokno Pasilan from a family of
craftsmen and boat builders in Bacolod
o self-taught visual artist ever since a child
o has moulded clay figures for most of his life
and continues to use this in his work.
o become known for his paintings that hold
multiple layers, using different mediums to
expose new forms.
o Pasilan’s work has been represented by the
Drawing Room of Manila, Artinformal
Gallery, and West Gallery.
o A notable collaboration with Raffy Napay
was featured in Art Fair Philippines (2017)
o “Isla Hubad” (2012)
7. Kawayan de Guia (1979-present)
o Kidlat Tahimik and Katrin de Guia, Baguio-
born
o Mentored by Bencab and Santiago Bose
o Kawayan’s art contemplates the Philippines’
changing urban culture.
o illogically arranges texts and icons to
compose a painting, depicting the human
form in new ways.
o work draws from popular culture, the media
and mass consumerism
o He also creates sculptures and massive art
installations – Bomba Series
o In 2011, he initiated the Ax(iS) Art Project,
promoting the local artist of Baguio and the
Cordilleras.
8. Patricia Perez Eustaquio (1977-present)
o artist who works in various mediums,
experimenting with different materials
through installation, drawing, and painting.
o The frames from her painting are cut,
resulting in canvases that evoke images of
wilted flowers and carcasses.
o Her sculptures are fashioned from fabric
o Her work examines the ideas of perception
and memory.
o In 2016, her site-specific installation was
featured in the Palais de Tokyo in Paris.
o “The Mountain is Coming”, Palais de Tokyo,
Paris 2016
9. Martha Atienza (1981-present)
o Bachelor in Fine Arts from the Academy of
Visual Arts and Design in the Netherlands
o Her video art reflects snapshots of reality
and the environment drawn from her Filipino
and Dutch roots.
o She is currently interested in using
contemporary art as an aid to bring about
social change.
o won the Baloise Art Prize at Art Basel
International Fair (2017)
o “Our Islands, 11°16`58.4” 123°45`07.0”E.” -
shows a traditional Catholic procession from
the Philippines under water;
o Ati-Atihan procession with Christs and
Roman centurions, along with Manny
Pacquiao, drug lords, and Yolanda
survivors
10. Elmer Borlongan (1967-present)
o refers to Filipino culture in his paintings,
drawing from everyday scenes of local
urban life, which sharply depict an imperfect
world.
o Rehimen (1988) – first work; Marlboro
emblem guarded by dogs; represents the
marginalized Filipino people who are living
in poverty, with no way of moving forward
ASPECTS OF LIFE IN ARTS
Art and Life
• Clothing and accessories
• Houses and Buildings
• Furnitures
• Vehicles
• Theatrical performances
• Movies
• Art is not confined in the cities and towns
alone but also in the places where our ethnic
brothers and sisters live.
• Filipinos never miss an occasion without a
celebration. (Moriones Festival)
Art and Religion
 Most of the world’s religion used art as an aid
to worship, to instruct, to inspire feeling of
devotion, to impress and to convert non-
believers.
 Mosaic and Murals
 Stained-glass in windows
 Painting in ceilings and walls
 Mythology (Tikbalang, Mangkukulam,
Aswang, Tiyanak, Matanda sa Punso)
 Anito and Santo
Art and Economy
 The presence of natural resources in every
place made the folks to produce products
needed to sustain personal satisfaction.
 The production was multiplied to supply the
demand of the general
Art and Politics
 The success of the leadership lies in the art
and capacity of the leader to lead.
 Filipinos are easy to organize and are good
followers.
  He gives decision and judgment to fault
makers and the punishment sanctioned to the
fault makers became the laws to follow.
 The tendency to explore possibilities in
expanding his territory is to initiate tribal wars.
 Blacksmith/Panday
 An effigy is a representation of a specific
person in the form of sculpture or some other
three-dimensional medium.
Art and Geography
 Finding a proper place to dwell in is an
expertise of our ancestors. The use of
available natural resources in the place led
every family to design a suitable dwelling
system and made their livelihood depend on
whatever resources they have.
 Tree House/Nipa House
 Fisherman’s house vs. Farmer’s house
Art and Simple Technology
 The tendency to be safe is the first priority of
our ancestors.
 Materials from the surroundings are utilized in
the building of shelter.
 The use of rattan and other ropelike stems
became a connecting device to fit two or more
materials
 Abacca Fiber
 Banaue rice terraces – bare hands and stones
sharpened/pointed instruments
- Improvised water irrigation
ELEMENTS OR PRINCIPLES OF
CONTEMPORARY ART
 Appropriation
- practice of creating a new work by
taking a pre – existing image from
another source
- It works through combining arts of the
past with the present.
- "the taking over, into a work of art, of a
real object or even an existing work of
art." (Johannes Vermeer)
 Performance
- evolved to “emphasize spontaneous
elements of chance”. (Walker Art
Center)
- Interpreting various human activities to
socially relevant themes.
- Artwork from making art.
 Space
- Arts transforming space.
- Site specific art forms – art form that is
performed and positioned in a specific
space such as public places.
 Hybridity
- Usage of unconventional materials,
mixing of unlikely materials to produce
an artwork.
- e.g. coffee for painting miniature
sculptures using crayons
 Technology
- Usage of technology in the creation
and dissemination of art works
- Video phenomenon from MTV to
YouTube
- Recording performances, video
posting, sharing, live streaming

Contemporary Art (J. Paul Getty Museum) ART – use of various creative disciplines
• Art made and produced by artists living today  Media
 Culinary
• Artists work in and respond to a global
 Visual
environment that is culturally diverse,  Performing
technologically advancing, and multifaceted. Types:
• mirrors contemporary culture and society,  Painting
offering the general audiences a rich resource  Architecture
through which to consider current ideas and  Sculpture
rethink the familiar.  Graphic Art
 Photography
• The work of contemporary artists is a dynamic
combination of materials, methods, concepts, *Transfiguration – Guillermo/Napoleon
and subjects that challenges traditional *Fine Arts – pleasing rather than practical
boundaries and defies easy definition. *Decorative – usually pleasing; functional, useful
* Contemporary Art Forms – not easily categorized;
digital art, collage; mixed media:
*Assemblage: from used materials
*Agong – mindanaoan musical; landscape art
VISUAL ARTS – sight, decorative, contemporary art
form
a.) Fine Arts – architecture, drawing, painting
DECORATIVE ART – aesthetically pleasing and
functional
a.) e.g. textile, glassware, jewelry, furniture, metal
craft, interior design
CONTEMPORARY ART
a.) e.g. assemblage, collage, installation,
performance art, digital art, landscape art,
conceptual art
PERFORMING ARTS – use of voices, body
movements
a.) music, dance, theater
MUSIC
 universal form of art x each has its own
beauty
 blend different elements (pitch, dynamics,
tone, rhythm)
 live/recorded; improvised/advanced
Variety of Music Genre
1. Art Music – stems from/umbrella term for
western classical music
e.g. Cinderella Overture by Nicanor Abelardo,
Malikmata by Antonio Molina
2. Popular Music – accessible and commercially
available
e.g. OPM 21st Century
e.g. Aiza, Toni G., Sarah G., Nina, Spongecola,
Christian Bautista
3. Traditional Music – community and cultural
e.g. Joey Ayala, Asin, Freddie Aguilar, Florante
- “Sanduguan”: Juan Luna, blood compact by Datu
Sikatuna and others in Bohol
- First Mass in Limasawa = “First Easter Sunday
Mass”
3. Portraiture Themes – human representation;
commemorate personalities and are seen in many
formal institutions such as gov’t offices
- Rafael del Casal: “Pedro Calungsod”
- Antipas “Biboy” Delatavo
- Daryl de leon Descaelar: first Duterte painting
4. Still Life – inanimate objects; traditionally
composed of a basket; fruits and flowers, most of the
time “untitled”
- Vicente Manansala
- Paz Paterno
5. Landscapes – beauty of outdoors; natural
environment
- Prudencio Lemaroza: “Ambusayan River”
- Manuel Baldemor: “Homeage to the Filipino
Families”
6. Nude – popular subject in the Philippines
- Ben Cabrera: “Sabel”
- Cesar Legaspi: “The Brave Modern” – structural
realism
-Romulo Olazo
7. Genres – everyday life and chores
- Mauro Santos
- Mario Pascual: “imagination” - tradition, festival

PAINTING THEMES

- 2D form of art that showcases artistic expression on

a flat surface
- tools: acrylic, oil, pastel, brush, palette, spray, finger
knife, canvas, wood, paper
- early paintings and other fine arts were primarily
religious in nature
- cont. paintings in the PH range from academic style,
with the depiction of idealized and classical beauty to
that of realism (Marcos era) and abstraction.

1. Religious Themes – spanish era, murals in

churches
- Joey Velasco: “Hapag ng Pag-asa”
- Renato Habulan: “Boceto Pen and Ink Series”

2. Historical Themes – can be seen in Angono, Rizal-

native Fransisco “Filipino Struggles through History”