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PRESTRESSED/POST-TENSIONED CONCRETE SECTION (ACI 318-08)
b b =12"

Compression Steel
Ac Ac
dp dp
h d Tie reinforcing h d

Prestressed Steel
Tension Steel

CROSS SECTION OF BEAM, COLUMN, OR PILE CROSS SECTION OF SLAB OR WALL

INPUT PARAMETERS

Prestressed section type: Slab

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Concrete strength fc' = 6 ksi
Rebar yield strength fy = 60 ksi
Type of Tendon 270 Grade low-relaxation strand
Tendon tensile strength fpu = 270 ksi
Tendon yield strength fpy = 243 ksi
Modulus of elasticity of prestressed steel Es,p = 28,000 ksi
Modulus of elasticity of non-prestress steel Es,n = 29,000 ksi
CONCRETE PARAMETERS
Unit width of slab section (use 1 ft.) b= 12 in.
Depth to centroid of compression steel d' = 3 in.
Depth to centroid of prestressed steel dp = 20 in.
Depth to centroid of tension steel d= 25.5 in.
Height of section h= 28 in.
Span length L= 90 ft.
LOADING
Unfactored Moment due to self-weight MG = 10 ft-kip/(1' wide slab strip)
Unfactored Moment due to dead load MD = 12 ft-kip/(1' wide slab strip)
Unfactored Moment due to live load ML = 125 ft-kip/(1' wide slab strip)
Unfactored Moment due to roof live, snow, or rain load MR = 75 ft-kip/(1' wide slab strip)
Unfactored Moment due to wind load MW = 150 ft-kip/(1' wide slab strip)
Unfactored Moment due to seismic load ME = 0 ft-kip/(1' wide slab strip)
Unfactored Moment due to soil load MH = 10 ft-kip/(1' wide slab strip)
Unfactored Moment due to fluid load MF = 175 ft-kip/(1' wide slab strip)
Unfactored Sustained load ("+" = compression, "-" = tension) Pa,s = 0 kip/(1' wide slab strip)
Unfactored Peak Axial load ("+" = compression, "-" = tension) Pa,p = 0 kip/(1' wide slab strip)
Factored Peak Axial load ("+" = compression, "-" = tension) P = 80 kip/(1' wide slab strip)
Section location (does not apply to shear calcs): End support
Factored shear force Vu = 50 kip/(1' wide Slab strip)
Factored torsional moment Tu = 500
REINFORCEMENT PARAMETERS
Tension reinforcement: 4 # 8 @ 8 in.
Compression reinforcement: 3 # 8 @ 12 in.
Tie reinforcement: 2 legs # 4 @ 12 in.
Strand diameter 0.5 in.
Actual strand area 0.153 in2
Number of strands per tendon 14
Tendon spacing 48 in.

458162222.xls Page 1 of 52
 APPLICATION OF PRESTRESSING
Prestressing method: Post-tensioned and unbonded
Prestressing force at jacking end Pj = 500 kip
Overwrite calculated prestress losses with user inputted value: no
User input tendon force at service load after allowance losses Ppe = 300 not apply
Concrete type I
Method of concrete curing Moist Cured
Duration of curing tc = 14 day
Time when prestress is applied t = 20 day
Avg relative humidity surrounding concrete RH = 75 %
Wobble coefficient K = 0.0025 1/ft (ACI 18.6.2.2)
Curvature coefficient mp = 0.10 1/rad (ACI 18.6.2.2)
Distance from jacking end of prestressing steel element to point under consideration lpx
= 8.5 ft
Total angular change of tendon profile from tendon jacking end to point under consideration apx = 0.002 rad

ANALYSIS

FRICTION LOSS IN POST-TENSIONING TENDONS

Force in post-tensioning tendon at cross-section after friction loss = P j e^-(K lpx + mp apx) =
500 * 2.718^-(0.0025 * 8.5 + 0.1 * 0.002) = Ppi = 489.59 kip

IMMEDIATELY AFTER PRESTRESS TRANSFER

Tendon force immediately after prestress transfer: Ppi = 489.6 kip
Effective tendon force per 1' slab strip = Ppi / tendon spacing = 489.6*12 / 48 = Pi = 122.4 kip
Eccentricity = dp - h/2 = 20 - 28/2 = e = 6 in
Section Area = b h = 12 * 28 = Ac = 336 in2
Area of tendon per unit slab width = 12/48 * 14 * 0.153 = Aps = 0.54 in2
Rectangular section Modulus = b h 2 / 6 = 12 * 28^2 / 6 = S = 1,568 in3
Inertia of section = b h 3 / 12 = 12 * 28^3 / 12 = I = 21,952 in4
Maximum concrete tensile fiber stress for uncracked section = 6 (fc') = 6 (6,000)^0.5 = Fc,1min,i =
0.5
-0.465 ksi (ACI 18.4.1.c)
Maximum concrete compressive fiber stress = 0.7 fc' = Fc,2max,i = 4.20 ksi (ACI 18.4.1.a)
Max permissible tensile stress in prestressing steel = 0.7 f py = Fs,max,i = 189 ksi (ACI 18.5.1.c)

Tensile stress in concrete immediately after transfer = P i /Ac - Pi e / S + MG 12 / S =

122.4 / 336 - 122.4 * 6 / 1,568 + 10*12 / 1,568 = fc,1,i = -0.03 ksi

Compressive stress in concrete immediately after transfer = P i /Ac + Pi e / S - MG 12 / S =

122.4 / 336 + 122.4 * 6 / 1,568 - 10*12 / 1,568 = fc,2,i = 0.76 ksi

Tensile stress in tendon immediately after transfer = P i / (tendon area) = 489.6 / (14 * 0.153) = fs,i = 228.56 ksi

458162222.xls Page 2 of 52
 fc,1,i = -0.03 ksi > Fc,1min,i = -0.46 ksi Not apply (ACI 18.4.1.c)

fc,2,i = 0.76 ksi < Fc,2max,i = 4.20 ksi OK (ACI 18.4.1.b)

fs,i = 228.56 ksi > Fs,max,i = 189.00 ksi NO GOOD (ACI 18.5.1.c)

PRESTRESS LOSSESS

ELASTIC SHORTENING OF CONCRETE

Kes = 0.5
Conc. str. at application of prestressing = t / (4 + 0.85 t) fc' = 20 / ( 4 + 0.85 * 20 ) * 6 = fct' = 5.71 ksi (ACI 209R92 Eqn 2-1)
Modulus of elasticity of concrete at application of prestressing = 57,000 (f ct')1/2 =
57,000 * (5,714)^0.5 /1,000 = Eci = 4,309 ksi (ACI 8.5.1)
Kcir = 1.0 ksi (ACI 8.5.1)
Net compr stress in conc at center of gravity of prestressing steel at application of prestressing
= Kcir (Pi /Ac + Pi e2 / I) - MG e 12 / I =
1 ( 122.4 / 336 + 122.4 * 6^2 / 21,952 ) - 10 * 6.0 *12 / 21,952 = fcir = 0.53 ksi
Stress loss due to elastic shortening of conc = K es Es fcir / Eci = 0.5 * 28,000 * 0.53 / 4,309 = ES = 1.73 ksi

CREEP OF CONCRETE
Modulus of elasticity of concrete = 57,000 (f c')1/2 = 57,000 * (6,000)^0.5 /1,000 = Ec = 4,415 ksi (ACI 8.5.1)
Kcr = 1.6
Net compressive stress in conc at center of gravity of prestressing steel due to sustained loads
= ( MG + MD + MS + MF ) e 12 / I = ( 10 + 12 + 10 + 175 ) * 6.0 *12 / 21,952 = fcds = 0.68 ksi
MAX[ 0, Kcr Es / Ec ( fcir - fcds ) ] = 1 * 28,000 / 4,415 ( 0.53 - 0.68 ) = CR = 0.00 ksi

SHRINKAGE OF CONCRETE
Ksh = 0.79
For rectangular section, volume/surface = Ac / (2b + 2h) = 336 / ( 2 * 12 + 2 * 28 ) = V/S = 4.20
Stress loss due to shrinkage of concrete = 8.2*10 -6 Ksh Es,p (1 - 0.06V/S) (100 - RH) =
8.2 * 10^-6 * 0.79 * 28,000 ( 1 - 0.06 * 4.20 ) * ( 100 - 75 ) = SH = 3.37 ksi

RELAXATION OF TENDONS
Kre = 5 ksi
J = 0.040
C = 1.280
Stress loss due to relaxation of tendons = [ K re - J (SH + CR + ES) ] C =
[ 5 - 0.040 ( 3.37 + 0.00 + 1.73) ] * 1.280 = RE = 6.14 ksi

TOTAL PRESTRESS LOSSES (EXCLUDING FRICTION LOSSES)

ES + CR + SH + RE = 1.73 + 0.00 + 3.37 + 6.14 = Δf = 11.24 ksi
Tendon stress at service load after prestress losses = f s,i - Δf = 228.56 - 11.24 = fs,e = 217.33 ksi

AT SERVICE STAGE AFTER TIME-DEPENDENT PRESTRESS LOSSESS

Tendon force after prestress losses = f s,e * Area of tendon = 217.33 * 14 * 0.153 = Ppe = 465.5 ksi
Effective tendon force per 1' slab strip = Ppe / tendon spacing = 465.5*12 / 48 = Pe = 116.4 kip
Maximum concrete compressive fiber stress due to prestress + sustained load = 0.45 f c' = Fc,max,e = 2.70 ksi (ACI 18.4.2.a)
Maximum concrete compressive fiber stress due to prestress + total load = 0.6 f c' = Fc,max,e = 3.60 ksi (ACI 18.4.2.b)

Compressive stress in concrete at sustained service = P a,s /Ac + Pe /Ac - Pe e / S + (MG + MD + MH + MF)12 / S =
0 / 336 + 116.4 / 336 - 116.4 * 6 / 1,568 + (10 + 12 + 10 + 175)*12 / 1,568 = fc,1,e = 1.49 ksi

Compressive stress in concrete at peak load = P a,p /Ac + Pe /Ac - Pe e / S + (MG + MD + ML + MR + MW + ME + MH + MF)12 / S =
0/336 + 116.4/336 + 116.4 * 6/1,568 - (10 + 12 + 125 + 75 + 150 + 0 + 10 + 175)*12/1,568 = fc,2,e = 4.16 ksi

fc,1,e = 1.49 ksi < Fc,max,e = 2.70 ksi OK (ACI 18.4.2.a)

fc,2,e = 4.16 ksi > Fc,max,e = 3.60 ksi NO GOOD (ACI 18.4.2.b)

458162222.xls Page 3 of 52
MOMENT STRENGTH
Compression zone factor b1 = 0.750 (ACI 10.2.7.3)
Tendon type factor gp = 0.280 (ACI 18.7.2.a)
Ratio of tension reinforcement r = 0.004 (ACI Notations)
Ratio of compression reinforcement r' = 0.003 (ACI Notations)
Ratio of prestressing reinforcement rp = 0.002 (ACI Notations)
Index of tension reinforcement w = 0.039 (ACI 18.7.2.a)
Index of compression reinforcement w' = 0.026 (ACI 18.7.2.a)
Area of tension reinforcement per unit slab strip As = 1.19 in2
Area of compression reinforcement per unit slab strip As' = 0.79 in2
Effective stress in prestressed steel (after losses) = P pe / (tendon area) = 465.5 / (14 * 0.153) = fse = 217.3 ksi (ACI 18.6.1)

STRESS - STRAIN COMPATIBILITY ANALYSIS

The following strain compatibility calculations and figures shown represent the final iteration from a complex series of iterations.
The strain compatibility analsysis is performed under the following steel stress criteria:
fsteel = -fy for εsteel < -0.002
fsteel = Es,n εsteel for -0.002 ≤ ε ≤ 0.002
fsteel = fy for εsteel > 0.002
fps = -fpy for (εse + εp) < -0.0087
fps = Es,p (εse + εp) for -0.0087 ≤ (εse + εp) ≤ 0
fps = 0 for (εse + εp) > 0
and must satisfy the following force equilibrium equation
∑ Forces = Fs + Fps + Fs' + Cc + P = 0

Effective strain in prestressed steel (after losses) = f se / Es,p = -217 / 28,000 = εse = -0.007762
Flexure Strength Reduction Factor Ф = 0.90 (ACI Fig. R9.3.2)
equivalent rectangular compressive stress block factor β= 0.75 (ACI Code 10.2.7.3)
Dist. from extreme compr. fiber to neutral axis obtained from strain compatibility iterations c= 5.4449 in. (ACI Code 10.2.7.2)
Depth of equivalent rectangular stress block = β 1 c = 0.75 * 5.44 = a = 4.083675 in. (ACI Code 10.2.7.1)
Maximum usable strain at extreme concrete compression fiber εcu = 0.003 (ACI Code 10.2.3)
Tension steel strain = (c - d) εcu / c = (5.44 - 25.50) 0.003 / 5.44 = εs = -0.01105
Prestressed steel strain = (c - d p) εcu / c = (5.44 - 20.00) 0.003 / 5.44 = εp = -0.008019
Compression steel strain = (c - d') εcu / c = (5.44 - 3.00) 0.003 / 5.44 = εs' = 0.001347
Tension steel stress = fs = -60 ksi
Prestressed steel stress = (ε se + εp) Es,p , where -fpy ≤ (εse + εp) Es,p ≤ 0 = fps = -243 ksi
Compression steel stress = 0.00135 * 29,000 = fs' = 39 ksi
Force in tension steel = As * fs = 1.19 * -60 = Fs = -71 lb.
Force in prestressed steel = Aps * fps = 0.54 * -243 = Fps = -130 lb.
Force in compression steel = As' * fs' = 0.79 * 39 = Fs' = 31 lb.
Compressive force from concrete = 0.85 fc' a b = 0.85 * 6 * 4.08 * 12 = Cc = 250 lb.
∑ Forces = Fs + Fps + Fs' + Cc - P =
-71 + -130 + 31 + 250 - 80 = ∑F ≈ 0 kip

458162222.xls Page 4 of 52
 Depth of center of force │Fs d │ + │Fps dp│ + │Fs' d'│ + │Cc a/2│ + │P yP │
= =
from compression face │Fs│ + │Fp│ + │Fs'│ + │Cc│ + │P│
-71 * 25.5 + -130 * 20.0 + 31 * 3.0 + 250 * 2.04 + 80 * 14.0 ycof = 11.83 in.
=
-71 + -130 + 31 + 250 + 80

Depth of geometric centroid from compression face yP = 14.00 in.

Moment about plastic centroid = [ F s (ycof - d) + Fp (ycof - dp) + Fs' (ycof - d') + Cc (ycof - a/2) - P (ycof - yP) ] / 12
[ -71(11.8-25.5) + -130(11.8-20.0) + 31(11.8-3.0) + 250(11.8-2.0) - 80(11.8-14.0) ] / 12 =
Mn = 411 ft-kip
Moment capacity = 0.9 * 411 = ФMn = 370 ft-kip

VERIFY TENSION CONTROL

εs < εy (Compression Controls)

εs = εy (Balanced Condition)
εy < εs < εt (Transition)
εs > εt (Tension Controls)

Distance from extreme compression fiber to neutral axis = a / β = 4.08 / 0.75 = c = 5.44 in.
Dist. from extreme compr. fiber to centroid of extreme layer of longitudinal tension steel dt = 25.50 in. (ACI Fig. R10.3.3)
Concrete Compression Strain Limit εcu = 0.003 (ACI Sec. 10.3.3)
First Yield Strain of Steel = fy / Es = 60 / 29,000 = εy = 0.00207 (ACI Sec. 10.3.2)
Steel Strain at Tension Control Limit (value per code) εt = 0.005 (ACI Sec. 10.3.5)
Steel Strain when extreme compression fiber just reaches ε cu = εcu (dt - c) / c = εs = 0.01105

εs = 0.01105 > 0.00500 OK

CALCULATE PRESTRESSING STEEL STRENGTH (this section is for comparison purposes only)

ACI 318 prescribes the following conservative equations as a hand calculation alternative to a more accurate computer based strain compatibility analysis.
These equations have many limitations and can not be applied for simultaneous axial and flexural loading cases. The calculations shown in this section
are for information/comparison purposes only and is not used in the design capacity checks.
gp fpu
Bonded prestressing
steel strength
= fpu 1 -
{ b1
rp
fc'[ +
d
dp
( w - w' ) ] } (ACI Eqn 18-3)

fpu
{ 1 -
0.280
0.750 [ 0.002
270.000
6.000
+
25.5
20
( 0.039 - 0.026 ) ] } = fps = not apply ksi (ACI 18.7.2.a)

fc'
Unbonded prestressing
steel strength
= Min ( fse + 10 +
300 rp
, fpy, fse + 30
)
217.3 + 10 + 6 / (300 * 0.002) = fps = 236.3 ksi (ACI 18.6.1)

CHECK PRESTRESSED AND NONPRESTRESSED REINFORCING RATIOS (this section is for comparison purposes only)

ACI 318 prescribes the following conservative equations as a hand calculation alternative to a more accurate computer based strain compatibility analysis.
These equations have many limitations and can not be applied for simultaneous axial and flexural loading cases. The calculations shown in this section
are for information/comparison purposes only and is not used in the design capacity checks.

Aps fps + As fy - As' fy 0.54 * 236.3 + 1.19 * 60 - 0.79 * 60

Depth of equivalent = = = a = 2.45 in. (ACI 10.2.7.1)
rect. stress block 0.85 fc' b 0.85 * 6 * 12

Ratio of prestressed and nonprestressed reinforcement shall satisfy the following equation:
wp + (d/dp) (w-w') = 0.85 a / dp ≤ 0.36 b1
0.85 * 2.45 / 20 = 0.104 < 0.36 * 0.750 = 0.270 OK (ACI B.18.8.1)

458162222.xls Page 5 of 52
CALCULATE MOMENT CAPACITY

ACI 318 prescribes the following conservative equations as a hand calculation alternative to a more accurate computer based strain compatibility analysis.
These equations have many limitations and can not be applied for simultaneous axial and flexural loading cases. The calculations shown in this section
are for information/comparison purposes only and is not used in the design capacity checks.

Moment Capacity = Ф [ Aps fps (dp - a/2) + As fy (d - a/2) + As' fy (a/2 - d') ] / 12 =
0.9 [ 0.54 * 236.3 ( 20 - 2.45/2 ) + 1.19 * 60 ( 25.5 - 2.45/2 ) + 0.79 * 60 ( 2.45/2 - 3 ) ] / 12 = ФMn = 301 ft-kip

CALCULATE FACTORED MOMENT PER ACI 9.2.1

1.4 (MG + MD + MF) = 1.4 (10 + 12 + 175) = Mu1 = 275.8 ft-kip (ACI Eqn 9-1)
1.2 (MG + MD) + 1.6 (ML + MH) + 0.5MR = 1.2 (10 + 12) + 1.6 (125 + 10) + 0.5 * 75 = Mu2 = 279.9 ft-kip (ACI Eqn 9-2)
1.2 (MG + MD) + 1.6 MR + (ML or 0.8MW) = 1.2 (10 + 12) + 1.6 * 75 + (125) = Mu3 = 271.4 ft-kip (ACI Eqn 9-3)
1.2 (MG + MD) + 1.6 MW + ML + 0.5MR = 1.2 (10 + 12) + 1.6 * 150 + 125 + 0.5 * 75 = Mu4 = 566.9 ft-kip (ACI Eqn 9-4)
1.2 (MG + MD) + ME + ML = 1.2 (10 + 12) + 0 + 125 = Mu5 = 151.4 ft-kip (ACI Eqn 9-5)
0.9 (MG + MD) + 1.6 (MW + MH) = 0.9 (10 + 12) + 1.6 (150 + 10) = Mu6 = 275.8 ft-kip (ACI Eqn 9-6)
0.9 (MG + MD) + ME + 1.6MH = 0.9 (12 + 125) + 0 + 1.6 * 10 = Mu7 = 35.8 ft-kip (ACI Eqn 9-7)

ФMn = 369.6 ft-kip < Mu = 566.9 ft-kip NO GOOD

CHECK CODE LIMITS FOR ABRUPT FLEXURAL FAILURE DEVELOPING AFTER CRACKING

Cracking moment = S ( P / Ac + Pe / Ac + Pe e / S + 7.5 (fc')1/2 ) / 12 =

1,568 * ( 80 / 336 + 116.4 / 336 + 116.4 * 6 / 1,568 + 7.5 (6*1,000)^0.5 /1,000 ) / 12 = Mcr = 210 ft-kip (ACI 9.5.2.3)

ФMn = 369.6 ft-kip > 1.2 Mcr = 252.6 ft-kip OK (ACI 18.8.2)

CHECK MINIMUM BONDED REINFORCEMENT REQUIREMENT PER ACI 18.9

Cross-section area between tension face to center of gravity = b * h/2 = Act = 168 in2 (ACI 18.9.2)
Minimum required bonded reinforcement = 0.004 A ct = 0.004 * 168 = As,req = 0.672 in2 (ACI 18.9.2)

As = 1.2 in2 > As,req = 0.672 in2 OK

CHECK COMPRESSIVE CAPACITY

Compressive Capacity = 0.8 Ф[ 0.85f c'( Ac - (As + As') ) + fy(As - As') ] =
0.8 * 0.90 [ 0.85 * 6 ( 336 - (1.185 + 0.79) ) + 60 * (1.185 + 0.79) ] = ФPn = 1,226.5 kips

CHECK SHEAR CAPACITY

Limit of (fc')1/2 = MIN( (fc'*1,000)1/2 /1000, 100 ) = (fc')1/2 = 77.5 psi (ACI 11.1.2)
Centroid of prestressed and non-prestressed tension steel = (A s d + Aps dp) / (As + Aps) =
(1.185 * 25.5 + 0.5355 * 20) / (1.185 + 0.5355) = dcent = 23.8 in. (ACI 11.3.1 & 11.4.3)
Depth of tension centroid, d = Max ( d cent, 0.8h ) = Max ( 23.8, 0.8 * 28 ) = d = 23.8 in. (ACI 11.3.1 & 11.4.3)
Concrete shear strength = ( 0.6 λ(f c')1/2 + 700 Min( 1, Vu dp / (Mu 12) ) ) b d / 1,000 =
( 0.6 * 1 * 77.5 + 700 * 50 * 20 / (566.9*12) ) * 12 * 23.8 / 1,000 = Vc1 = 42.6 kip (ACI 11.3.2)
Conc shear str need not be less than 2 λ (f c')1/2 b d = 2 * 1 * 77.5 * 12 * 23.8 / 1,000 = Vc2 = 44.2 kip (ACI 11.3.2)
Conc shear str shall not be greater than 5 λ (f c')1/2 b d = 5 * 1 * 77.5 * 12 * 23.8 / 1,000 = Vc3 = 110.6 kip (ACI 11.3.2)

MIN( MAX( Vc1, Vc2 ), Vc3 ) for fse ≥ 0.4 fpu

Vc =
{ Vc2 for fse < 0.4 fpu
Vc = 44.22 kip (ACI 11.3.2)

Shear reinforcement = Av = 0.00 in2

Shear strength from shear reinforcement = MIN ( A v fy d / S, 8 (fc')1/2 b d ) =
Not Apply for Slabs Vs = 0.0 kip (ACI 14.4.7.2&9)

Ф( Vc + Vs ) = 0.75 ( 44.2 + 0.0 ) = ФVn = 33.2 ft-kip (ACI Eqn 11-2)

ФVn = 33.2 ft-kip < Vu = 50.0 ft-kip NO GOOD (ACI Eqn 11-1)

458162222.xls Page 6 of 52
CHECK TORSION CAPACITY

CHECK IF TORSION MAY BE NEGLECTED PER ACI 11.5.1

Outside perimeter of beam = 2b + 2h = 2 * 12 + 2 * 28 = pcp = 80 in.
Cross sectional area of beam = b h = 12 * 28 = Acp = 336 in2

Perimeter of tie centerlines = 2 (b - 2.5) + 2 (h - 2.5) = 2 (12 - 2.5) + 2 (28 - 2.5) = ph = 70 in.
Area enclosed by centerline of ties = (b - 2.5) * (h - 2.5) = (12 - 2.5) * (28 - 2.5) = Aoh = 242 in2
Gross area enclosed by shear flow path = 0.85 A oh = 0.85 * 242 = Ao = 206 in2 (ACI 11.5.3.6)

Angle of torsional cracking wrt tie θ = 37.5 ° (ACI 11.5.3.6)

Compressive stress at centroid of section = P / Ac + Pe / Ac = 80 / 336 + 116.4 / 336 = fpc = 0.58 ksi

√
Acp2 fpc
Torsion reinf can be neglected if T u < Φ (fc')1/2
( pcp ) 1 +
4 (fc')1/2

√
336^2 0.58
= 0.75 * sqrt(6,000)/1,000 ( ) 1 + = 139 in-kip
80 4 * sqrt(6,000)/1,000

Tu = 0 in-kip < 139 in-kip Torsion analysis not required

CHECK FOR CRUSHING OF THE CONCRETE COMPRESSION STRUTS PER ACI 11.5.3.1

This equality must be satisfied

√
Vu T u ph Vc
( bd
)² + ( 1.7 A oh
2 )² ≤
Φ ( bd
+ 8 (fc')1/2 ) (ACI 318-05 eqn 11-18)

√ ( )
50 500 * 70 44
( 12 * 23.8 )² + ( 1.7 * 242^2
)² = 0.179 < 0.75
12 * 23.8
+ 8 * 0.08 = 0.573 Not Apply

CHECK IF TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT SATISFIES THE MINIMUM REQUIRED PER ACI 11.5.3.5 & 11.5.3.6

Tu 500 At
Tie reinf. req'd by torsion = = = = 0.021 in2/in/leg (ACI Eqn 11-21)
2 Φ Ao fy cotθ 2 * 0.75 * 206 * 60 * cot(37.5°) s
Vu/Ф - Vc 50/0.75 - 44 Av
Tie reinf. req'd by shear = = = = 0.016 in2/in/leg (ACI Eqn 11-15)
fy d 60 * 23.79 s
Av,prov'd Av At
must be ≥ +2 = 0.0157 + 2 * 0.0207 = 0.057 in2/in/leg (ACI R11.5.3.8)
s s s
Av,prov'd Av At
= 0.000 in2/in/leg < +2 = 0.0571 in2/in/leg Not Apply
s s s

0.75 (fc')1/2 b s / fy =
Av,prov'd must be ≥ larger of
{ 50 b s / fy = 50 * 12 * 12 / 60,000 =
0.75 sqrt(6,000)/1,000) * 12 * 12 / 60 = 0.139 in2
0.12 in2
(ACI 11.5.5.2)

Av,prov'd = 0.00 in2 < 0.139 in2 Not Apply

CHECK IF LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT SATISFIES THE MINIMUM REQUIRED PER ACI 11.5.3.7 & 11.5.5.3

Additional area of longitudinal reinforcement to resist torsion = ( A t / s ) ph ( fyt / fy ) cot2θ =

0.0207 * 70 * 1 (cot37.5° )^2 = Al = 2.461 in2 (ACI Eqn 11-22)

Although ACI 11.5.3.10 states Al fy shall be applied as a concentric longitudinal tensile force, this following
calculation will assume Al fy applied as an eccentric tensile force at depth d from the compressive face for
extra consertive analysis.
Required minimum moment capacty = M u + Ф Al1,min fy (d - a/2) / 12 =

566.9 + 0.90 * 2.461 * 60 * ( 23.79 - 4.08/2 ) / 12 = Mreqd = 807.8 ft-kip

ФMn = 369.6 ft-kip < Mreqd = 807.8 ft-kip Not Apply (ACI 18.8.2)

458162222.xls Page 7 of 52
 For Al ,min equation, ( At / s ) shall not be taken less than 25 b / f y = 25 * 12 / 60,000 = 0.005
5 (fc) 1/2
Acp 5 * 0.077 * 336
– ( At / s ) ph ( fyt / fy ) = – 0.0207 * 70 * 1 = Al ,min = 0.720 in2 (ACI Eqn 11-24)
fy 60
Equivalent longitudinal non-prestressed steel area provided = A ps (fps/fy) + As + As' =

0.54 ( 243 / 60 ) + 1.185 + 0.79 = Al = 4.144 in2

Al = 4.144 in2 > As,reqd = 0.72 in2 Not Apply

CHECK LIMITS FOR REINFORCEMENT FOR COMPRESSION MEMBERS

Average compressive stress in concrete from prestress force = P e / Ac = fcp = 0.346 ksi
fcp = 0.346 ksi > 0.225 ksi (ACI 18.11.2)

Tie spacing = 12.0 in. < 12.0 in. Not Apply (ACI 18.11.2.2.b)

Total longitudinal reinforcement = 2.5 in2 < 3.4 in2 Not Apply (ACI 10.9.1)

Total longitudinal reinforcement = 2.5 in2 < 26.9 in2 Not Apply (ACI 10.9.1)

Total longitudinal reinforcement = 2.5 in2 > 0.5 in2 Not Apply (ACI 14.3.2)

CHECK TENDON SPACING REQUIREMENT

Tendon spacing = 48.0 in. < 60.0 in. OK (ACI 7.10.5.2)

fcp = 0.3 ksi > 0.1 ksi OK (ACI 18.11.2)

CHECK REINFORCEMENT SPACING LIMITS PER ACI 18.4.4.1

Service Moment = MG + MD + MH + MF = 10 + 12 + 10 + 175 = Ma = 207 ft-kip
Aps fse 0.54 * 217.3
Depth of equiv. stress block = = = ase = 1.90 in.
0.85 fc' b 0.85 * 6 * 12
Remaining service moment to be resisted = M a - Aps fse (dp - ase / 2) / 12 =
207 - 0.54 * 217.3 (20.0 - 1.90/2) / 12 = Ma,rem = 22 ft-kip
Aps fse + (Aps + As) Δfps 0.54*217.3 + (0.54 + 1.19)*6.8
Depth of equiv. stress block = = = a1 = 2.09 in.
0.85 fc' b 0.85 * 6 * 12
Tension bar stress = Ma,rem / [ ( d - a1/2 ) /12 ( Aps + As ) ] =
22 / [ ( 23.8 - 2.09/2 ) / 12 * ( 0.54 + 1.19 ) ] = Δfps = 6.8 ksi (ACI 18.4.4.2)
Δfps = MIN ( 36 ksi, 6.8 ksi ) = Δfps = 6.8 ksi (ACI 18.4.4.3)
40
Slimit = 15
( Δfs ) – 2.5cc but not greater than 12 (40 / Δfs) This spacing limit does not apply if Δfps ≤ 20 ksi

slimit = Not Apply in. (ACI Eqn 10-4)

THE DESIGN FAILED, SEE ANALYSIS

458162222.xls Page 8 of 52
 Table 2.2.1
Type Concrete Age
Cement Days
Time Ratio of Constants
Type
Curing 3 7 14 21
I a= 4 β= 0.85 0.46 0.70 0.88 0.96
Moist Cured β=
III a = 2.3 0.92 0.59 0.80 0.92 0.97
(f'c)t /(f'c)28
I a= 1 β= 0.95 0.78 0.91 0.98 1.00
Steam Cured
III a = 0.7 β= 0.98 0.82 0.93 0.97 0.99
I a/β = 4.71 0.39 0.60 0.75 0.82
Moist Cured a/β = 2.5
III 0.54 0.74 0.85 0.89
(f'c)t /(f'c)u
I a/β = 1.05 0.74 0.87 0.93 0.95
Steam Cured
III a/β = 0.71 0.81 0.91 0.95 0.97
 Concrete Age
Days Years Ultimate
(in time)
28 56 91 1 10
1.00 1.08 1.12 1.16 1.17 1.18
1.00 1.04 1.06 1.08 1.09 1.09
1.00 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.05 1.05
1.00 1.00 1.01 1.01 1.02 1.02
0.86 0.92 0.95 0.99 1.00 1.00
0.92 0.96 0.97 0.99 1.00 1.00
0.96 0.98 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00
0.97 0.99 0.99 1.00 1.00 1.00