Cooling System Schematic

Water pump(10) is on the left front side of the engine. It is gear driven by the timing gears.
Coolant from the bottom of radiator (1) goes to the water pump inlet. The rotation of the
impeller in water pump, pushes the coolant through the system.

Some of the coolant flows goes through inlet line (6) for the aftercooler and into aftercooler (7).
As the coolant goes through aftercooler, it cools the inlet air for the engine. The coolant comes
out of aftercooler through return line (8) and into bonnet (13). In bonnet (13) the coolant flow
from water pump (10). This other flow came through engine oil cooler (12).

Bonnet (13) sends the coolant flow through transmission oil cooler (16). The flow goes through
one side on the way into the cooler. At the bottom of the cooler the flow turns and goes back up
through the other side and into bonnet again. Then bonnet (13) sends the coolant into cylinder
block (18).
Inside cylinder block (18) the coolant goes around cylinder liners (20) and up through the water
directors into cylinder head (17). The water directors send the flow of coolant around the valves
and the passages for exhaust gases in cylinder head (17). The coolant goes to the front of
cylinder head (17). Here the water temperature regulator controls the direction of the flow. If the
coolant temperature is less than normal for engine operation, the water temperature regulator is
closed. The only way for the coolant to get out of cylinder head is through internal bypass
(shunt) line (9). The coolant from this line goes into water pump (10) which pushes it through
the cooling system again. The coolant from internal bypass (shunt) line (9) also works to
prevent cavitation (air bubbles) in the coolant. When the coolant gets to the correct temperature,
the water temperature opens and coolant flow is divided. Some goes through radiator (1) for
cooling. The rest goes through internal bypass (shunt) line (9) to water pump (10). The
proportion of the two flows is controlled by the water temperature regulator.

NOTE

The water temperature regulator is an important part of the cooling system. It divides coolant
flows between the radiator (1) and the internal bypass (shunt) line, as necessary to maintain
the correct operating temperature. If the regulator is not installed in the system, there is no
mechanical control, and most of the coolant will follow the path of least resistance thru the
internal bypass (9). This will cause the engine to overheat in hot weather. In cold weather, even
the small amount of coolant that goes thru the radiator is too much, and the engine will not get to
normal operating temperature.

Internal bypass ( shunt ) line (9) has another function when the cooling system is being filled.
It lets the coolant go into cylinder head (17) and cylinder block (18) without going through
water pump (10). Vent Line (5) lets the air get out of aftercooler (7) for complete filling.

Radiator has a filler cap (2) and a pressure relief valve (3). The pressure relief valve keeps the
pressure in the cooling system from getting too high when th engine is running. It also lets air
come into the system when the pressure in the system is less than atmosphere