8.

Determine the vacuum efficiency of a surface condenser which operates at a vacuum of 635 mm
Hg and exhaust steam enters the condenser at 45.81 ⁰C. the barometric pressure is 760 mmHg and
the saturation pressure at 45.81 ⁰C is 0.001 MPa.
A. 80.4% B. 85.2% C. 92.7% D.98.3%

SOLUTION:

PBAROMETRIC − PCONDENSER
vacuum efficiency =
PBAROMETRIC − PSATURATION

Where:

PBAROMETRIC = 101.325 Kpa

PSATURATION = 0.001 Mpa = 10 Kpa

PCONDENSER = (760 − 635)mm Hg

101.325 Kpa
= 125 mm Hg x
760 mm Hg

PCONDENSER = 16.665 Kpa

Then:

101.325 − 16.665
vacuum efficiency =
101.325 − 10

vacuum efficiency= 0.9270

thus:

vacuum efficiency= 92.70% (C.)

9. A heat exchanger was installed purposely to cool 0.50 kg of gas per second. Molecular weight
is 28 and k-1.32. the gas is cooled from 150 ⁰C to 80 ⁰C. water is available at the rate of 0.30 kg/s
and at a temperature of 12 ⁰C. calculate the exit temperature of the water.

A. 48 B.42 C. 46 D. 44

SOLUTION:

Q𝑤 = Q𝑔

mw Cpw ∆T𝑤 = mg Cpg ∆Tg

mw Cpw (t − 12) = mg Cpg (150 − 80)

Where:

kJ
Cpg = 1.2247
kg − K

kJ
Cpw = 4.187
kg − K

Then:

kg kJ kg kJ
0.30 s ( 4.187kg−K ) (t-12) = 0.50 s ( 1.2247kg−K ) (150-80)

Thus:

t = 46.125 ⁰C (C.)