M, E, A, BAULE,

ELECTRIC IMPULSION MOTOR,

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1 1919.
1,347,002. a
Patented July 20, 1920.
2. SHEETS-SHEE 1.

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2%ria a
 M, E, A, BAUE,
ELECTRIC IMPULSION MOTOR.
APPLICATION FILED MAY 1, 1919.
1,347,002. Patented July 20, 1920.
2. SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FIG.5 FIG.4 22

Zrventor
MEA. Baule,
Zy 26/ 642626
Attorrey
 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
MARIE EMILE ALFRED BAULE, OF LYON, FRANCE.
ELECTRIC IMPULSION-MOTOR.
1,347,002. Specification of Letters Patent, Patented July 20, 1920.
Application filed May 1, 1919. Serial No. 294,060.
To all whom it may concern. that are insulated from one another and con
Be it known that I, MARIE EMILE ALFRED nected together. These cores are adapted
BAULE, a citizen of the French Republic, re to slide in guide tubes and are connected to
siding at No. 87 Cours Gambetta, Lyon, the crank pin 5 by elastic connecting rods
France, have invented certain new and use 15, 16, 17 each containing a spring such as 60
ful Improvements in Electric Impulsion 89. To the base of the motor there are at
Motors, of which the following is a speci tached axes 36 about which levers 18 pivot.
fication. Levers 18 terminate at one end in a screw
This invention relates to electric impul 87 which may establish contact with a fixed
O sion motors. These motors are of the type member 19 connected to one of the ends of 65
comprising a pluralit of electro-magnets a coil 20 the other end of which is connected
located in a circle and excited successively to the axis 36. Each of these members 19
by a current distributer. This generates a is connected to one of the ends of one of the
magnetic field which varies at regular in windings 1, 2, 3 and other end terminating
5 tervals and acts in such a manner as to bring in one of the three fixed brushes 29, 30, 31 70
the shaft of the motor into a determined po of a distributer 27 (Fig. 5). The rotating
sition at each variation of the field, said part of this distributer is formed by a cylin
shaft being located in the center of the elec der 28 conductor over a semi-circumference,
tro-magnets. This shaft is thus rotated by insulated on the other half. A crank 32
20 impulses, and passes successively through a permits rotation of the cylinder which is 75
given number of predetermined positions. permanently connected to one of the poles
It has already been proposed to employ of the source.
motors of this type wherein the shaft car The movable cores 12, 1314 are each pro
ries a magnetic armature having either two vided with a lug 38 which may contact with
25 or four polars extensions said armature tak the oscillating lever 18 and cause the latter 80
ing up at each impulse a determined position to rock.
in the magnetic field generated by the excited The operation is as follows: The cur
electro-magnets. . rent which passes through the coil passes
The motor forming the subject matter of through lever 18 and contact 19 which
30 the present invention comprises electro-mag shunts the resistance coil 20. When the core 85
nets that attract their movable cores, these 12 is attracted lug 38 strikes the small arm
cores carrying connecting rods that are at of lever 18 and opens the contact 19; the cur
tached to the crank pin of the driving shaft. rent then passes into resistance 20 which as
An embodiment of the improved motor is sures of the reduction of the current in the
35 illustrated by way of example in the accom coil 1. 90
panying drawings in which The pole pieces 6, 7, 8 of the electromag
Figure 1 is a plan of the motor with one nets are provided with short stationary cores
of the side plates removed. extending inside the coils 1, 2, 3 the ends of
Fig. 2 is a section on a line 2-2 of Fig. 1. said extensions being beveled, and the mov
40 Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram. able cores 12, 13, 14 are made of comple 95
Fig. 4 illustrates a metal brush contact. mentary shape at their inner ends. When
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the diagram the core 13 (Fig. 3) is only at a distance
of the circuits and the current distributer. l from the pole piece 7, the distance between
Three core-attracting electro-magnets con the oblique faces measured in a line at right
45 sisting of coils 1, 2, 3, are arranged 120° angles to these is d=l cosa, where a is the 00
apart around a shaft 4 having a crank pin 5. angle between the beveled surfaces and a
Their pole pieces are constituted by bundles plane normal to the axis of the coil, that is to
of soft iron plates 6,7,8, insulated from one say, d is smaller than l. The lines of mag
another and connected together. All these netic force pass along this line at right
50 parts are fixed on a frame consisting of two angles, and it is known that the attraction is OS
recessed plates 9 and 10 connected by stay
bolts 11.
greater the shorter the distance through
which the lines of force must pass between
These electro-magnets 1, 2, 3 are fitted the two surfaces. It will thus be perceived
with movable cores of soft iron 12, 13, 14 that this arrangement yields at the end of
55 which are similarly constituted by plates the stroke of the core a greater attraction ll C
 e -n 1,347,002
than would be the case if the contact Sur variations which cause a similar variation
faces of the pole pieces and the cores were of the flux in the pole pieces and in the
at right angles to their axes. cores. This variation would generate in the
The contacts 19 are preferably constructed said pole pieces if they were made of a con
as shown in Fig. 4. The lever, 18 termi
nates in an elastic split ring 21 into which
tinuous block of metal self induction cur
rents and Foucault currents which would
70

there is mounted with a driving fit a mount cause an appreciable loss of energy and
22 carrying a metal brush 23. Facing this would interfere with the proper working
is a mount 24 which is provided with a simi of the apparatus. This risk is obviated
O lar brush 25 and is fixed to the fixed part 26. by making the pole pieces of the electro 75
When the brushes. 23 and 25 are in contact, magnets and their cores of metal sheets in
their filaments will engage one with the other . sulated from one another.
so that vibration an shock are unable to The improvements which consist in
break the contact. This contact can be diminishing the working power of the elec
15 broken only by moving the two contacting tro-magnets and in constituting the pole
parts intentionally and through a consider pieces by metal sheets insulated from one
able distance. 8 another, are equally applicable to impulsion
In the position shown in Fig. 5 the elec motors of the known type.
tromagnet 1 only is excited and electro What I claim is:-
magnets 2 and 3 are not excited. Core 12 1. In an electric motor, comprising a 85
is attracted and causes the raising of the crank shaft, a plurality of electromagnets
lever 18; coil 20 is put in series with electro arranged circumferentially, about the crank
magnet 1. The considerably reduced cur shaft, the combination with each of the elec
rent which then passes through suffices to tromagnets of a core placed in each electro
25 hold the movable core adherent. The crank magnet, a resilient rod connecting each core 90
of the shaft carried along by the rod 15 to the crankshaft and normally holding said
comes opposite the excited electromagnet at core in retracting position, a resistance in
33; in this position the resilient rod 15 re series with the coil of each electromagnet
tains almost its original length;its spring for reducing the current through said elec
80 39 is very slightly compressed. This is the tromagnet, a switch arranged so as to nor 95
first position of equilibrium of the shaft, mally short circuit each resistance and a de
If the distributer rotates 60° in a counter vice to automatically open each switch
clockwise direction the electromagnet 8 is when the corresponding core moves out of
in turn excited at the same time as electro its retracted position. .
magnet 1, the core of which remains at 2. In an electric motor comprising a OO
tracted. The core 14 tending likewise to crank shaft, a plurality of electromagnets
pass to the lower-end of the stroke, the two. arranged circumferentially about the crank
resilient rods 15 and 17 elongate by Com shaft, the combination with each of the elec
pressing their springs; when the core 14 is tromagnets of a core placed in each electro
40 at the lower end of its stroke the crank has magnet, a resilient rod connecting each core 105
taken the position 84 city, between the to the crank shaft and normally holding
two excited electromagnets; this is the Sec said core in retracted position, a resistance
ond position of equilibrium of the shaft. in series with the coil of each electromag
If the distributer rotates 60° farther in a net for reducing the current through the
45 counter clockwise direction the electromag latter, a switch for short circuiting each re O
net 1 has its circuit opened and only elec sistance formed of two metallic brushes the
tromagnet 3 remains excited; the resilient blades of which penetrate into each other,
rod withdraws the core 12 from its electro and a device for automatically opening each
magnet and the crank of the shaft comes Op switch when the corresponding core moves
50 posite the electromagnet.8 at 35. There are out of its retracted position. 15
thus obtained six positions of equilibrium 3. An electric motor comprising in com
of the shaft for the six different electric bination a crank shaft and a plurality of
electromagnets arranged circumferentially
connections made by the distributer at each
revolution. around the crankshaft, a core placed in
55 It is seen that the contact device 18 which each electromagnet, a resilient rod connect 20
shunts the resistance 20 and which is opened ing each core to the crankshaft and nor
by the movement of the movable core so as mally holding it in retracted position, a re
to introduce the resistance into the circuit sistance in series with the coil of each one
of the electrogmagnet as soon as the shaft of the electromagnets for reducing the cur
60 has assumed its position of equilibrium, per rent through said electromagnet, switches 25
mits of attaining considerable economy of arranged in such manner as to normally
current by automatically reducing the cur short circuit each of said resistances, devices
rent of the corresponding electromagnet. to automatically open each of these switches
The current flowing in the coils of the when the core of the corresponding elec
65 electro-magnets is liable to large and rapid tromagnet moves out of its retracted posi 130
 1,347,002
tion, a current distributer permanently
connected to one of the poles of the source,
and brushes acting frictionally on said dis
tributer and each connected to one of the
5 electromagnets.
4. In an electric motor, the combination
of an electro-magnet, an armature therefor,
a crankshaft, a resilient connecting-rod con
necting said armature with the crank of
10 said shaft, a resistance in series with the
3.
coil of said electromagnet, a switch ar
ranged to short circuit said resistance, and
means to automatically close said switch
when the armature is in retracted position.
In testimony whereof I have signed my 15
name to this specification. -
BAUIE MARIE EMILE AFRED,
Witnesses:
MARIN WACHON,
Lou Is EsCHER.