Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Legal Glossary 2
Legal Glossary 2
acara function [e.g. This room may be hired for weddings and other functions]
[be] worth your while [e.g. It would be worth your while to talk to the
ada baiknya
editor]
[be] in the vanguard [e.g. In the 19th century, Britain was in the
ada di barisan depan
vanguard of industrial progress]
[be] out [The bill was out by over £10; He was out in his calculations,
ada kesalahan [dalam penghitungan]; salah hitung
so there was a lot of carpet left over]
sic [used after a word that you have copied in order to show that you know it
ada kesalahan [di dalam tulisan/penggunaan atas kata yang
was not spelled or used correctly: We had seen several signs that said
dikutip]
`ORANGE'S (sic) FOR SALE']
advokasi advocacy
afiliasi affiliate
afirmatif affirmative
AFP [Kantor Berita Perancis] Agence Frence Presse AFP
agama religion
aktiva tetap - setelah dikurangi akumulasi penyusutan fixed assets - net of accumulated depreciation
aktuaris; aktuari [Ahli statistik yang bertugas menghitung actuary [I.e. someone who advises insurance companies on how much to
besarnya dana asuransi dan preminya ] charge for insurance, after calculating the various risks]
akun diakui [Jumlah yang diakui oleh suatu pihak sebagai account stated
jawaban atas pemintaan penegasan pihak lain]
akun pihak ketiga [akun pada bank asing dalam valuta asing loro account
atas nama nasabah bank tersebut]
akun tidak aktif dormant account
accountant; bean-counter [e.g. We asked the bean-counters to look over the
akuntan
figures in the new budget]
akuntan luar external accountant
akuntansi untuk transaksi-transaski yang tidak tercatat
off-the-books accounting
dalam laporan keuangan
alamat setiap lokasi yang dicari di internet Uniform Resource Locators URL
Alas Hak document of entitlement
case; but/buts ['I don't want to hear any buts,' Jo snapped; He is the best
alasan player - no ifs, ands, or buts about that]; out [I'm busy on Sunday, so that gives
me an out]
alat-alat yang namanya tidak diketahui; suatu barang yang widget [e.g. a row of widgets on the instrument panel; Company A produces
seolah-olah akan dihasilkan 6000 widgets a month at a unit price of $0.33]
alias; biasa dipanggil also known as [e.g. John Phillips, aka The Mississippi Mauler] aka
APPDT Alokasi Pemukiman Penduduk Daerah Transmigrasi transmigration area population resettlement allocation [program]
alterasi alteration
alterasi potasik potassic alteration
alternatif terbaik jika tidak tercapai kesepakatan Best Alternative to No Agreement BATNA
aluminium oksida corundum
alunan ebb and flow [e.g. I relaxed into the ebb and flow of the music]
amanat mandate, instruction, permission
AA Amanat Anggaran Budgetary Mandate
AA Menhankam Amanat Anggaran Menteri Pertahanan & Keamanan Minister of Defense & Security Budgetary Mandate
amanat buka bursa [Amanat jual beli efek yang harus at the opening order
dilaksanakan pada saat pembukaan penawaran]
amanat silang [Amanat yang diberikan kepada broker untuk crossing order
menjual dan membeli efek yang sama]
amanat terbatas [Amanat jual/beli efek tertentu dari suatu
perusahaan yang dilaksanakan pada batas harga yang
limit order
ditetapkan atau Amanat jual beli sekuritas pada batas harga
amanat
tertentu] tutup bursa [Amanat jual beli efek yang harus at the close order
dilaksanakan sesaat menjelang penutupan bursa berbunyi]
amanat/pidato presiden president's address
amar (putusan); diktum [isi dari putusan pengadilan] decision; verdict
ambang batas cut-off
ambil posisi [pembelian satu lot saham tertentu oleh pialang take a position
untuk dijual kembali saat harga saham tersebut naik]
amdal
amicus curiae [penasihat mengenai masalah hukum dalam environmental quality threshold
amicus curiae (friend of the court) [an adviser to the court on some matter
pengadilan yang bukan merupakan pihak dalam kasus tersebut;
of law who is not a party to the case; usually someone who wants to influence
umumnya adalah seseorang yang ingin mempengaruhi hasil
the outcome of a lawsuit involving matters of wide public interest]
gugatan yang[Pelunasan
amortisasi melibatkanutang
kepentingan khalayak luas]
dengan angsuran berkala;
Penyusutan atas aktiva berwujud atau tidak berwujud seperti amortisation; amortisement
patent, good will, copyright, dan bea yang ditangguhkan]
andesit andesite
aneka various; miscellaneous
aneka ragam; keanekaragaman diversity [a diversity of opinions]
anggaran berimbang balanced budget
anggaran biaya cost budget
Anggaran Dasar Articles of Association
anggaran dasar charters
anggaran kas cash budget
APBD Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah Regional Revenues and Expenditures Budget
APBN Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara State Revenues and Expenditures Budget; State Budget
anggaran rumah tangga by-laws
anggaran rumah tangga rules of association
Anggaran untuk melaksanakan tugas kegiatan promosi, The budget for the implementation of the tasks related to the activities of
bimbingan dan penyuluhan investasi termasuk pengiriman promotion, guidance and counseling on investments, including the dispatch of
dokumen aplikasi investasi dibebankan kepada anggaran documents of investment applications, shall be charged to the routine
promosi rutin baik di Perwakilan RI dan anggaran Promosi promotional budget of the representative of the Republic of Indonesia and the
Pemerintah Pusat promotional budget of the central government
anggota member
Anggota Direksi dapat diberikan gaji atau tunjangan-tunjangan The members of the Board of Directors can be granted salary and/or
dalam jumlah sebagaimana ditentukan oleh Rapat Umum remuneration in the amount determined by the General Meeting of
Pemegang Saham dan Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham dapat Shareholders and the General Meeting of Shareholders may delegate such
mendelegasikan kewenangan tersebut kepada Dewan Komisaris authority to the Board of Commissioners
Anggota Komisaris dapat diberi gaji dan/atau tunjangan yang Members of the Commissioners may be granted salaries and/or allowances, the
jumlahnya ditentukan oleh Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham amount of which shall be determined by the General Meeting of Shareholders
bottom line [I.e. the total, the final figure on a balance sheet. e.g. When they
angka dalam neraca
examined the bottom line of the company they decided not to invest in it]
ABRI Angkatan Bersenjata Republik Indonesia Armed Forces of The Republic of Indonesia; The Indonesian Armed Forces
apa yang diperbolehkan oleh peraturan yang baru itu? what's allowable under the new regulation?
Apabila dikeluarkan surat saham, untuk setiap saham dikeluarkan If share certificates are issued, then for each share shall be issued a share
satu surat saham certificate
Apabila saudara hendak menghubungi kami atau apabila ada Please feel free to contact us if we may be of any further assistance in this
yang dapat kami bantu dalam hal ini harap menghubungi kami. regard
apabila surat saham rusak atau tidak dapat dipakai lagi, maka
if a share certificate is damaged or unusable then the Board of Directors shall,
atas permintaan mereka yang berkepentingan Direksi akan
upon request of a relevant party, issue a replacement of share certificate
mengeluarkan surat saham pengganti
Apabila surat saham rusak atau tidak dapat dipakai lagi, maka
If a share certificate is damaged or unusable, then the Board of Directors shall,
Direksi atas permintaan Pemegang Saham yang berkepentingan
at the request of the Shareholder concerned and upon surrender of the original
dan atas penyerahan dari surat saham yang asli atau bagian
certificate or the damaged portion thereof to the Board of Directors, issue a
yang rusak kepada Direksi akan mengeluarkan surat saham
duplicate share certificate
pengganti
arahan direction
Arbitrase [Pengambilan keuntungan dari perbedaan harga arbitrage
barang, surat berharga, atau valuta asing yang terjadi di pasar
yang berbeda]
significance [e.g. Could you explain the significance of this part of the
arti; arti penting contract?; It is impossible to over-estimate the significance of this major
discovery]
arus bawah undertow [The dangerous undertow means that swimming is not allowed]
Asosiasi Wakil Perantara Perdagangan Uang dan Efek The Association of Representatives of Money and Stock Trading Agents
Atas berkat rahmat Allah Yang Maha Kuasa dan dengan didorong
oleh keinginan luhur supaya berkehidupan kebangsaan yang By the grace of God Almighty and impelled by the noble desire to live a free
bebas, maka rakyat Indonesia menyatakan dengan ini national life, the people of Indonesia hereby declare their independence
kemerdekaannya
atas biayanya sendiri at its own cost; at its own expense; at its sole cost
atas dasar prioritas (?) preferential basis
atas kebijaksanaan at the discretion of
atas kegagalan membayar kembali over failure to repay
atas nama on behalf of; in the name of
atas pendapat X sendiri in X’s sole opinion
atas permintaan at the request of; by request of; on application
on request to [All records are available for inspection to members of the Board
atas permintaan kepada
on request to the Secretary]
atas risiko at the risk of
atas tuduhan on charges of
atas tunjuk at sight
atau untuk meneliti sifat atau cukup tidaknya pembayaran or to make any inquiry as to the nature or sufficiency of any payment
ates [pernyataan tertulis di bawah sumpah untuk menjadi saksi attest
di pengadilan]
Bappebti Badan Pengawas Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditas Indonesian Commodities Exchange Agency
BPSK Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen Consumer Dispute Settlement Board CDSB
BPSP Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Pajak Tax Dispute Settlement Board
BUPLN Badan Urusan Piutang dan Lelang Negara State Receivables and Auction Affairs Agency
badan usaha corporate body
badan usaha business entity
BUMD Badan Usaha Milik Daerah regional government-owned enterprise
BUMN Badan Usaha Milik Negara state-owned enterprise SOE
Badan Usaha Milik Swasta Nasional National Private Enterprises
Badan Usaha Miliki Desa Village-Owned Enterprise
BUUD Badan Usaha Unit Desa Village Unit Enterprise
badan yang diamanatkan oleh undang-undang statutory body
bagaimanapun juga on/under any condition; by all accounts
chart [information that is clearly arranged in the form of a simple picture, sets
bagan of figures, graph etc, or a piece of paper with this information on it: a flow chart |
a weather chart]
bagi hasil profit sharing
Bagi kepentingan for the benefit of; for the interest of
bagian section
bagian [dari suatu kelompok] arm [e.g. Epson America is the US marketing arm of a Japanese company]
bahwa keterangan yang akan saya berikan adalah benar, that the evidence I shall give in this case shall be the truth, the whole
sepenuhnya dan seutuhnya truth and nothing but the truth
bahwa Perjanjian ini telah ditandatangani secara sah oleh that this Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by the
Penjual serta merupakan kewajiban yang sah dan mengikat Seller and constitutes the legal, valid and legally binding obligations of the
berdasarkan hukum Seller
bahwa salah satu tugas pokok Departemen Luar Negeri adalah that one of the main tasks of the foreign ministry is implementing foreign
melaksanakan hubungan ekonomi luar negeri termasuk kegiatan economic relations, including the activities of promoting investments at the
promosi investasi di Perwakilan Republik Indonesia representatives of the Republic of Indonesia
baik untuk tanggungan sendiri maupun atas perhitungan whether on its own behalf or in the interest of another party based on
pihak lain secara komisi commission
baik; positif; nyaman favorable
baja konstruksi structural steel
baja tempa wrought steel
baju itu cocok dengan kamu the dress compliments you
baju kerja coveralls
bak persneling; bak engkol; bak akselerator gear box
bakat [dalam suatu bidang pekerjaan] vocation [for] [e.g. He has a vocation for teaching]
baki debet debit tray
baki debet pinjaman loan debit tray
BHP Balai Harta Peninggalan probate court; chancery court; [Weeskamer]; [orphan chamber?]
balai latihan kerja apprenticeship center
balai pialang board room
Balas Jasa Pegawai Compensation of Employees
balik nama transfer of ownership; transfer of title
balok silinder cylinder beam
ban tahan pecah unburstable tyre
bandar udara airport
bandara (ke-an) porting
bangsa yang majemuk diverse nation
bangunan building; construction
banjar hamlet/village-level organization
banjir besar (great) floods
BBKU bank beku kegiatan usaha frozen bank activity
BBO Bank Beku Operasi Frozen Operational Bank; suspension bank
bank bermasalah troubled bank
bank campuran joint venture bank
bank dagang merchant bank
Bank Dagang dan Nelayan Trade and Fishermen Bank
bank dalam pengawasan khusus special surveillance bank
Bank Devisa foreign exchange bank; Forex Bank
banyak segi multifaceted; multi-faceted [The issues are complex and multi-faceted]
BAPEKSTA BAPEKSTA - Keuangan Agency for Export Facilities Services and Financial Data Processing
BAPEPAM berarti Badan Pengawas Pasar Modal sebagaimana BAPEPAM, shall mean the Capital Market Supervisory Board, as referred to in
dimaksud dalam UUPM Law on Capital Market
BAPEPAM HAS NOT APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED THESE BAPEPAM TIDAK MEMBERIKAN PERNYATAAN MENYETUJUI ATAU TIDAK MENYETUJUI
SECURITIES, NOR HAS IT PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR EFEK INI. TIDAK JUGA MENYATAKAN KEBENARAN ATAU KECUKUPAN ISI
ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY CONTRADICTING PROSPEKTUS INI. SETIAP PERNYATAAN YANG BERTENTANGAN DENGAN HAL-HAL
REPRESENTATION THERETO IS ILLEGAL TERSEBUT ADALAH PERBUATAN MELANGGAR HUKUM
Barangsiapa yang dengan melawan hukum tidak menghadap Whoever violates the law that does not appear after the summons shall be
sesudah dipanggil menurut undang-undang dapat dituntut sanctioned by law pursuant to the provision of Article 216 of Criminal Procedure
berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 216 KUHAP Code (KUHAP).
batu asah whetstone [I.e. a stone used to make the blade of cutting tools sharp]
anthracite [I.e. a very hard type of coal that burns slowly and produces a lot of
batu bara kilap
heat]
batu bara kusam cannel coal
batu bara muda bituminous coal
batu bara pijar live coals
Customs and Excise [I.e. the agency that is responsible for collecting the tax
Bea [dan] Cukai
on goods that are being bought or sold or have been brought into the country]
bekerja mati-matian; bekerja sekuat tenaga exert one's self [He has exerted himself tirelessly on behalf of the charity]
never mind [e.g. Cars kill thousands of people each year, never mind the
belum lagi; apalagi; tidak peduli damage they do to the environment; I can't even explain the problem to my
colleagues, never mind anyone else; I want the best, never mind the cost!]
[be] any the wiser; none the wiser [Charlie explained how the system
belum mengerti
works, but I'm still none the wiser]
belum pernah terjadi sebelumnya [be] without precedent
belum pernah terjadi sebelumnya unprecedented
belum terbentuknya the non-existence
benar atau salah the rights and wrongs
benar menurut hukum legally correct; lawful
benar, tepat dan lengkap true, correct and complete
benar-benar truly
benar-benar [diterima, etc.] actually
bencana alam natural disaster
prejudiced [against] [e.g. I don't know why they're all so prejudiced against
benci [tanpa alasan yang wajar]; berat sebelah; picik
the idea; He denied being prejudiced against black people]
benda object
Bendera Negara Indonesia ialah Sang Merah Putih The national flag of Indonesia shall be the red-and-white.
[be] on a par [with] [e.g. The wages of clerks were on a par with those
berada pada tingkat yang sama
of manual workers]
[be] present; [v] rest with [The final decision rests with the President]; [v] lie
berada; terletak with [Part of the blame must lie with social services; The difficulty lies in
providing sufficient evidence; The town lies in a small wooded valley]
[v] expire [e.g. My passport expires next week; Our contracts are due
berakhir to expire on 20 June; The chairman's term of office expires at the end
of March; The chairman's term of office has already expired]
[v] reason [They reasoned that other businesses would soon copy the idea] ;
beralasan; mempunyai alasan have every/good reason [Under the circumstances, we had every reason
(=had very good reasons) to be suspicious]
[v] dare [Only a few journalists dared to cover the story; She hardly dared hope
berani
that he was alive]
berantai in sequence
berarti; mempunyai arti [be] understood to mean [e.g. In this document, `children' is understood to
mean people under 14]
Raskin beras untuk rakyat miskin rice for the poor
berasal [v] date [e.g. This church dates from the 13th century]
[v] emanate [e.g. Delicious smells emanated from the kitchen]; descend [e.g.
berasal [dari]
These ideas descend from those of the ancient philosophers]
[v] go through the motions [e.g. The mayor said he enjoyed the party, but
berbasa basi; melakukan sesuatu karena terpaksa
you could see he was only going through the motions]
berbatasan adjacent
[be] at variance [Tradition and culture are often at variance with the needs of
berbeda modern living]; [v] vary [The heights of the plants vary from 8 cm to 20 cm;
flowers that vary in color and size]
berbeda pendapat dissenting; contrary; divergent opinion; divergence of opinion
berbelit-belit weasel
berbelit-belitnya vexation
[v] run a business [e.g. Mrs Taylor runs an office equipment business] ; start
berbisnis; membuka usaha; menjalankan usaha business [e.g. Paul's decided to start his own business] ; go into business
[e.g. Pam's going into business with her sister]
[v] trade [e.g. These companies trade mainly in furs and animal skins;
berdagang
Salesmen traded the new products all over the country]
berdampak [pada]; menimbulkan akibat [v] concern [e.g. The tax changes will concern large corporations rather than
berdasarkan small
basedbusinesses]; affect
on; by virtue [e.g.the
of; on How will the
basis of tax affect people on low incomes?];
involve [e.g. These changes will involve everyone on the staff]
berdasarkan asas manfaat, saling menguntungkan, dan tidak based on mutually beneficial and reciprocity and shall not cause any
menimbulkan gangguan keamanan disturbance to the security
berdasarkan fakta factual [e.g. factual information; The document is factually correct]
berdiskusi [v] discuss; confer with [Franklin leant over and conferred with his attorneys]
[v] function [e.g. Can you explain exactly how this new system will function?;
berfungsi Athens functioned as a centre of trade in the thirteenth century]; [be]
functional [e.g. With a few minor adjustments the filter will be functional again]
cum [preposition. I.e. to show that something or someone has two purposes: a
berfungsi ganda
kitchen-cum-dining room; a lunch-cum-business meeting]
berhasil mengatasi [v] dispose of [Your idea at least disposes of the immediate problem]
[be] caitious about [e.g. I've always been very cautious about giving my
berhati-hati
address to strangers]
[v] hobnob [e.g. hobnobbing with the bosses at the sports club]; on familiar
berhubungan dengan baik; bergaul akrab
terms with [e.g. He's on familiar terms with all the teachers]
BAHP Berita Acara Hasil Pelelangan Minutes on the Result of the Tender
BAPP Berita Acara Pembukaan Penawaran Minutes of the Bid Opening Meeting
BAP Berita Acara Pemeriksaan Project Inspection Minutes; Physical Inspection Report
BAP Berita Acara Penjelasan Minutes of Clarification Meeting; Pre-bid Meeting
berita acara rapat Minutes of Meeting
Minutes of Delivery & Acceptance [for goods]; Minutes of Acceptance
Berita Acara Serah Terima
[for people]; Minutes of Transfer [?]
Berita Negara Official Gazette
berita penolakan notice of dishonour
berjalan (yang masih berjalan) current
berjalan kaki [v] take
trek [place [e.g. We
e.g. trekking don't
in the know exactly what took place, but they both
Himalayas]
looked furious afterward]; proceed [e.g. The work is proceeding according to
berjalan; berlangsung
plan]; progress [e.g. As the meeting progressed, Nina grew more and more
berjaminan berlebih over-collateralized
bored]
berjanji [dan setuju] [v] undertake [e.g. He undertook to pay the money back in six months]
berjanji dan menyetujui undertake and agree
berjasa [v] render a service [e.g. She rendered her country many services]
berjiwa besar graciousness; courtesy
berjudul [be] entitled [e.g. an autobiography entitled “Myself, My Two Countries”]
in respect of; with respect to; respecting; with regard to, regarding; in regard to;
berkenaan dengan about; as to; with reference to; concerning; pertaining to; in connection with;
speaking of; bearing in mind; refer to
berketahanan enduring
berkilah fraudulent; deceitful; forced; spurious
[v] range [e.g. There were 120 students whose ages ranged from 10 to 18;
berkisar
The population of these cities ranges between 3 and 5 million inhabitants]
[v] scheme [against] [e.g. She became convinced that her family was
berkomplot [menentang]
scheming against her]
berkurang nilainya depreciate [e.g. A new car will depreciate quite fast]
[v] fall [e.g. Advertising revenue fell from $98.5 million to $93.3 million; The
berkurang; mengalami penurunan; menurun; turun number of subscribers had fallen to 1000]; dwindle [The elephant population is
dwindling]; reduced; move down [e.g. Interest rates have moved down]
[be] at odds [e.g. John's latest evidence is at odds with his earlier statements] ;
berlainan; berbeda dengan in inverse proportion/relation [e.g. Clearly, the amount of money people
save increases in inverse proportion to the amount they spend]
berlaku surut retroactive (to) [e.g. his promotion takes retroactive effect as of June 2004]
bermacam-macam; beragam [v] range [e.g. Their reactions ranged from anger to humiliation]
bermain imbang; seri [v] draw with [Liverpool drew with Juventus; They drew 3-3]
[be] in partnership [e.g. We've been in partnership for five years]; [v]
bermitra; mengadakan kemitraan go into partnership [e.g. She's gone into partnership with two local
doctors]
[be] operational [e.g. The new laboratory is fully operational and open
beroperasi for business]; in operation [The Education Business Partnership has
been in operation since 1989]
[v] submit [that] [I submit that the jury has been influenced by the
berpendapat
publicity in this case]
berpendapat lain [be] of another opinion [e.g. I'm of another opinion]
[be] of the opinion [e.g. Aristotle was of the opinion that there would
always be rich and poor in society]; in my opinion; [v] express the view
berpendapat; menurut pendapat [seseorang]
that; in my submission [e.g. It is important, in my submission, that a
wider view be taken]
sophisticated [e.g. British voters today are much more sophisticated than they
berpendidikan [dan berpengalaman]
were in the 60's]
[v] proceed [e.g. Passengers for the Miami flight should proceed to
berpindah
gate 25]
[v] keep up the pretense of [e.g. How long are you going to keep up
berpura-pura
the pretense of being ill?]
berputar ke kiri; melawan arah jarum jam anti clockwise
Bersalah melanggar Undang-Undang Guilty of violating Law
bersalin [v] give birth
bersama ini saya menyatakan bahwa semua informasi yang saya I hereby declare that all the particulars furnished by me in this application are
berikan dalam permohonan ini adalah benar dan tepat true and correct
[be] willing [e.g. How much are they willing to pay?; 60% of voters said they
bersedia
would willingly pay higher taxes for better health care]
bersyarat contingent
[v] accrue [e.g. tax benefits that accrue to investors; The accrued interest will
bertambah; meningkat; menguntungkan
be paid annually]
[v] hold the responsibility; hold responsible; hold to account [e.g. If any
bertanggung jawab of the silver is missing, I'm going to hold you to account]; liable for [e.g.
Manufacturers are liable for any defects in the equipment]
[v] ask a question; ask; query [e.g. I'd query whether these figures are
bertanya; mempertanyakan
reliable; “What time are we leaving?” queried Mrs Evans]
bertaruh [v] wager [e.g. I'll wager that boy's never worked in his life!]
bertempat kedudukan be domiciled
bertempat tinggal [v] reside
[be] incompatible [e.g. His business interests are incompatible with his
bertentangan presidential responsibilities]; dissenting; contrary; against [It's against
my principles to borrow money]
berturut-turut running [e.g. Sylvie has won the poetry prize for the fourth year running]
[v] yield [v] [Open spaces around town are yielding to huge hyper-
berubah
stores]
[v] measure [The room measures 6x6 metres; The earthquake
berukuran
measured 6.5 on the Richter scale]
berulang kali repeatedly; over and over again [The way to learn the script is to say it to
yourself over and over again]
berumur kapur lime-aged
berupa in the form of
berupaya keras; berusaha keras [untuk mencapai sesuatu] [v] endeavor [We always endeavor to please our customers]; [be]
committed to [We are fully committed to Equal Opportunity policies]
usually; more often than not; most of the time/most days etc [e.g.
biasanya Most of the time it's very quiet here; Most evenings we just stay in and watch
TV]
bidang domain; tract; realm [an idea that belongs in the realm of science fiction]
Bidang Perencanaan, Penelitian dan Pengembangan Planning, Research and Development Division
bilyet [formulir, nota, bukti tertulis lain yang dpat membuktikan biljet
transaksi, berisi keterangan atau perintah membayar]
bilyet giro [surat dalam bentuk tertentu dari nasabah yang giro order; bank draft [?]; giro biljet
meminta bank memindahbukukan dananya kepada pihak lain]
bitumen asphalt
bukti evidence [u]; exhibit [Exhibit A is the hammer found next to the victim]
Buku Panduan Manual; road map [?] [your road map to financial independence]
cadangan penyangga [cadangan komoditas yg dikelola buffer stocks [I.e. ommodity stockpiles managed in such a way as to
sedemikian rupa utk mengurangi pergolakan harga] moderate price fluctuation]
Cadangan premi asuransi yang belum merupakan pendapatan insurance premium reserve not yet recorded as revenue
cadangan rahasia secret reserve
cadangan terbukti actual reserve
cadangan terduga estimated reserve
cadangan tujuan purpose reserve
Cadangan tujuan [Cadangan yang dibentuk dengan
menyisihkan secara berkala sebagian dari pendapatan bersih appropriated reserve
untuk tujuuan tertentu]
cadangan uang money reserve
cadangan wajib legal reserve
Cadangan Wajib Minimum Minimum Mandatory/Obligatory Reserves
cadangan yang dipinjamkan borrowed reserves
CA cagar alam natural reserve
cara biasa [Penyerahan sekuritas setelah terjadi jual beli, regular way
Penentuan tanggalya bergantung pada peraturan yang berlaku]
cara penggantian buku cek dan giro procedures for check and clearing account book replacement
Cek Terbuka [Cek yang dapat dibayarkan sewaktu-waktu; dapat opened cheque
dibayarkan kepada seorang tanpa kehadiran pemiliknya]
[v] tend [e.g. Sally tends to interfere in other people's business]; incline
cenderung
[e.g. I incline to accept the official version of events]
ceroboh slipshod
cerukan [penarikan rekening giro atau rekening pinjaman overdarft
melampaui batas tariknya]
cerukan tunai cash withdrawal
Cerutu cigars
cesie fidusia fiduciary cession
cessie [pengalihan hak penagihan piutang] cessie
cetakan impression
CFC Chloro Flouro Carbon CFC
installment; on account [e.g. I can't pay the balance, but here's $10 on
cicilan
account]
cicilan tranche
cicilan uang sewa rent instalment
Cipta Karya Human Settlement
ciri flavour [e.g The stories have a strong regional flavour]
ciri; pembawaan; sifat; karakter trait
cita-cita bangsa state's objectives
civitas akademi academic community
clupure clupure
colli bale
case in point [Tom's career is a case in point (=a clear example of something
contoh kasus
that you are discussing or explaining)]
contoh tanda tangan signature specimen
contoh terbaik classic example
contoh/situasi/masalah yang lazim classic case [e.g. a classic case of food poisoning]
contractual obligations kewajiban berdasarkan perjanjian yang sah
copy collationee certified copy
corak complexion
coret yang tidak perlu delete if not applicable; please delete which ever is not applicable
coupures coupures
credietverband credit security
credietverbank bank loans
cuaca buruk inclement weather
Excise [I.e. the government tax that is put on the goods that are produced and
Cukai
used inside a country. E.g. excises on gasoline and cigarettes]
Cuti tahunan yang belum diambil dan belum gugur Annual leave not yet taken and not yet forfeit
daftar harga; biaya quotation [I.e. Could you give us a quotation for fixing the roof?]
in extent [The region is over 10,000 square kilometres in extent; It's too early
luasnya
to assess the full extent of the damage]
dalam arti kata yang seluas-luasnya in the broadest sense of the word
dalam bagian yang menurun on a declining balance basis
dalam bagian yang sama besar on a straight line basis
dalam beberapa hal; sedikit banyak in a sense
dalam bentuk dan isi yang secara wajar dapat diterima
in form [content] and substance reasonably acceptable to the Parties
oleh para Pihak
dalam Eksepsi in the Exception
dalam hal in [the] case; if; in the event
Dalam hal bersifat khusus, Kantor Menteri Negara in the case of specific matters, the Office of State Minister of Investments/the
Investasi/Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal dan Perwakilan Investment Coordinating Board and the representatives of the Republic of
Republik Indonesia dapat langsung saling berkomunikasi dengan Indonesia can directly establish mutual communication by notifying the Foreign
memberitahukan Departemen Luar Negeri Ministry
Dalam hal bersifat umum dan rutin, komunikasi diselenggarakan in the case of general and routine matters, the communication shall be
melalui Departemen Luar Negeri established through the foreign ministry
dalam hal pemberitahuan dikirim melalui faksimili, pada hari in the case of a notice transmitted by facsimile with a confirmed receipt of
pengiriman yang dibuktikan dengan tanda bukti pengiriman dari transmission from the sender’s machine, on the day on which the same was
mesin faksimili pengirim transmitted
dalam mencoba mendapatkan in pursuit of [e.g. I'm always amazed at the things people do in pursuit of love]
dalam perjalanan karir [seseorang] along the way [Don's had to change jobs several times along the way]
Dalam Perjanjian ini, kecuali jika dengan tegas dinyatakan In this Agreement, unless the context expressly requires otherwise, the
sebaliknya, istilah-istilah di bawah ini memiliki arti sebagai berikut following terms have the meanings ascribed next to them:
Dalam rangka penyelenggaraan pemerintahan yang baik, bersih, In the framework of undertaking a good, clean, authorized, transparent and
berwibawa, transparan, dan bertanggungjawab, maka dilakukan responsible government administration, legal supervision, political supervision
pengawasan hukum, pengawasan politik, dan pengawasan sosial and social supervision shall be conducted
pretext [e.g. The riots were used as a pretext for banning all political activity;
dalih Tom called at her apartment on the pretext of asking for a book]; alibi [He had a
perfect alibi and the police let him go]
dalil argument
daluarsa expiration
daluwarsa statute of limitations [I.e. the time period that the law allows for asserting a SoL
claim. If a claim is not brought within the time period allowed by the statute of
limitations, it will be barred]
relief fund; grant [The university gets a government grant; These studios are
dana bantuan
funded by a grant from the Kress Foundation]
dana pelunasan utang [Dana perusahaan untuk membayar sinking fund [A fund set up to accumulate money on an on going basis, for the
utang jangka panjang yang dibentuk dengan menyisihkan
purpose of redeeming debt securities or preferred stock]
sebagian laba secara berkala]
dana penyusutan [Uang atau sekuritas lancar yang disisihkan depreciation fund
untuk tujuan penyusutan harta tetap]
familiar [to someone] [e.g. The voice on the phone sounded familiar to me];
dapat dikenali; mengenal [adj] acquainted with [She was well acquainted with classical literature; We
would like to get better acquainted]
dapat dipercaya; jujur bona fide [e.g. Only bona fide members are allowed to use the club pool]
dari informasi terakhir yang diperoleh at the last count [e.g At the last count, 46 students were interested in the trip]
Dari saham tersebut diatas telah ditempatkan dan dibayar penuh Of the above mentioned shares the following shares have been issued and fully
dan dimiliki oleh Pemegang Saham dibawah ini paid and are owned by the Shareholders
dari segi prosentase in percentage terms [The numbers are small in percentage terms]
dari sekarang [sepuluh hari dari sekarang] hence [ten days hence/five months hence etc]
dari tahun ke tahun year in, year out
dari tangan pertama; dari sumbernya langsung at first hand
dari waktu ke waktu from time to time
daripada rather than
darurat sipil civil emergency
premise [e.g. American justice works on the premise that an accused person is
dasar
innocent until they are proved guilty]
dasar gugatan cause of action
dasar hukum legal basis
cornerstone [e.g. Trust and commitment are the cornerstones of any
dasar kebijakan
marriage]
dasar keputusan grounds for decision
dasar laut seabed [the land at the bottom of the sea]
dasar pemikiran consideration basis [?]
dasar pengaduan ground for a complaint
DPP Dasar Pengenaan Pajak Basis of Tax Charge; Tax Collection Basis
dasar pengusutan background of investigation
dasar perbandingan minimum minimum ratio
data informasi kredit credit information data
Data Pemeringkat Kredit Credit Rating Data
Data Pengiriman Tetap Standing Dispatch Data
data tercatat nameplate data
daya tahan [terhadap penyakit]; resistensi resistance [e.g. Vitamins can build up your resistance to colds and flu]
demi dan atas nama hukum for and in the name of the law
Demi Keadilan Berdasarkan Tuan Yang Maha Esa For the sake of Justice based on belief in the Almighty God
in the same way as; as is/was/does/did [Eve's very tall, as was her mother;
demikian juga; sama seperti I voted Labour, as did my wife]; likewise [e.g. There has been an upsurge of
interest in chamber music. Likewise opera is receiving a boost from increased
record sales]
Demikianlah pernyataan ini dibuat dengan sebenarnya This stetement [letter] is made correctly without any compulsion from
tanpa paksaan dari pihak manapun juga any party
dengan cara yang memuaskan kedua belah pihak to the satisfaction of both parties
dengan dihadiri oleh saksi-saksi yang saya, Notaris kenal dan in the presence of the witnesses, known to me, Notary and whose names will
akan disebutkan pada bagian akhir akta ini be mentioned at the closing part of this deed
dengan kata lain; jelasnya in other words [e.g. In other words, the objective is to avoid losing]
dengan nilai yang lebih kecil dari nilai yang wajar at less than fair value
dengan ongkos mereka sendiri at their own expense
dengan paksa by force
dengan pedas dan tajam scathingly
dengan penerbitan by issuance of
dengan pengertian to the effect (that)
dengan perubahan-perubahan apabila diperlukan mutatis mutandis (i.e. with changes as necessary)
Dengan pinjaman senilai with loans worth
dengan predikat sangat memuaskan with the notation very satisfactory; with the citation magna cum laude
dengan tegas resolutely [e.g. She resolutely resisted his amorous advances]
minutely [e.g. I have read its 1200 pages minutely]; in minute detail [e.g. He
dengan teliti; dengan cermat
explained the plan in minute detail]
dengan tidak mengurangi without prejudice to
Dengan tidak mengurangi ketentuan di atas without limiting the generality of the foregoing
denominasi besar large denomination
denudasi [proses pengupasan permukaan bumi dari denudation
penutupnya]
Departemen Department [if it has a local office]; Ministry [if it does not]
Departemen Agama Department of Religious Affairs DORA
Departemen Dalam Negeri Department of Home Affairs; Department of Interior [US]
Departemen Dalam Negeri dan Otonomi Daerah Department of Home Affairs and Regional Autonomy DOHA
Departemen Eksplorasi Laut dan Perikanan Department of Maritime Exploration and Fisheries
Departemen Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Department of Energy and Mineral Resources DOEM
Departemen Pemukiman dan Pengembangan Wilayah Department of Settlement and Regional Development
Departemen Pemukiman dan Prasarana Wilayah Department of Settlement and Regional Infrastructure DOS
Departemen Pendidikan Nasional Department of National Education DONE
Departemen Perdagangan Department of Trade
Departemen Perhubungan Department of Communication DOC
Departemen Perhubungan dan Telekomunikasi Department of Transport and Telecommunications DOTT
Departemen Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Department of Industry and Trade DOIT
Departemen Pertahanan Department of Defense DOD
Dephankam Departemen Pertahanan dan Keamanan Department of Defense and Security
Departemen Pertambangan dan Energi Department of Mines and Energy
Departemen Pertanian Department of Agriculture DOA
departemen perwalian bank bank trust department
Depsos Departemen Sosial Department of Social Services
Depnaker Departemen Tenaga Kerja Department of Manpower
Departemen Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi Department of Manpower and Transmigration DOM
Departemen/Lembaga/ kepala kantor/ kepala satuan kerja departments/institutions, heads of offices/heads of work units
Dewan Penegakan Keamanan dan Sistem Hukum Security and Legal System Enforcement Board
DPKTI Dewan Pengembangan Kawasan Timur Indonesia Eastern Indonesia Regional Development Board
di atas permukaan laut elevation [The road climbs steadily to an elevation of 1400 feet]
di luar batas hukum extrajudicial [e.g. GAM forces committed numerous extrajudicial killings]
di luar dugaan ia pergi tanpa permisi he left without so much as saying goodbye
in which [a market in which goods or securities are traded for immediate
di mana; yang di dalamnya; pada saat
delivery]
di masa yang akan datang; di kemudian hari in days to come
di samping itu in addition; besides
on the one hand ___ on the other hand ___ [e.g. On the one hand I want
di satu sisi ___ namun di sisi lain ___
to sell the house, but on the other hand I can't bear the thought of moving]
on the left [e.g. Take the next road on the left; On your left you can see the
di sebelah kiri
Houses of Parliament; Our house is just to the left of the school]
on either side of something [Two large screens stood on either side of the
di sebelah kiri dan kanan
stage (=one on the left and one on the right side of it)]
[be] on trial [e.g. Brady was on trial for assault; [v] stand trial [e.g. a
bank employee who is due to stand trial on embezzlement charges];
diadili
[v] come to trial (=when a case is brought to a court by law). e.g. By
the time the case comes to trial he will have spent a year behind bars]
[be] attributable (to) [e.g. Death was attributable to gunshot wounds]; [v]
diakibatkan oleh/karena result from [We are still dealing with problems resulting from errors made in
the past; How would you cope with unemployment and the resulting loss of
income?]
dibebaskan [be] exempt from [e.g. The interest is exempt from income tax]
digabungkan commingled
digadaikan pledged
digantikan dengan give way to [Stone has given way to glass and concrete]
digariskan underscored; marked
dihafalkan tanpa berpikir rote
dihapuskan (harta); penghapusan write off
en suite [e.g. four bedrooms, two with en suite bathrooms]; [v] come
dihubungkan; dilengkapi [?] [dengan] complete with [The house comes complete with swimming pool and
sauna]
on the statute book [The government would like to see this new law on the
dijadikan undang-undang; diundangkan
statute book as soon as possible]
dijual dengan harga murah [be] sold on special purchase [These shoes are on special purchase]
dikurung dalam tahanan [be] held in detention [John was held in detention for five years]
[be] plated with [a beautiful necklace, plated with 22 carat gold; a gold-plated
dilapisi
watch]
dilarang menjadi anggota Direksi berdasarkan ketentuan Undang- he becomes prohibited from being a member of the Board of Directors under a
Undang atau peraturan lain yang berkekuatan hukum provision of any law or other regulation having the force of law
[v] go into liquidation [e.g. land being sold off because the builder has gone
dilikuidasi
into liquidation]
dilingkungan in the vicinity/environment
diluar acara; tanpa jadwal waktu nonscheduled
dimaksudkan [to be supposed [e.g. The new laws are supposed to prevent crime; The
meeting was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we've had to postpone it]
dimiliki; dipunyai; dilimpahkan [dengan hak yang sah [be] vested [e.g. In most countries the right to make new laws is
berdasarkan hukum] vested in the people's representatives]
diminta requested
dimintai keterangan sehubungan dengan… questioned in connection with…
dimintakan persetujuan terlebih dahulu dari BI asked for prior approval
dimuat included
dinamo arus bolak bali alternator
Dinas Service
Dinas Kehutanan Daerah Tingkat I Propinsi forestry services at provincial/first level region level
DLLAJ Dinas Lalu Lintas Angkutan Jalan City Traffic and Land Transportation Agency
dinas negeri domestic service
Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Public Works Service Office
DIPENDA Dinas Pendapatan Daerah Regional Revenues Service Office
Dinas Perhutanan dan Konservasi Tanah Forestry and Land Conservation Service Office
dinyatakan stated; declared
dipaksakan strained
dipenjara sambil menunggu hukuman mati on death row [e.g. Kenny is on death row in Ohio and has been there for over
[v] years]
17 serve a sentence [e.g. Fox had served an eighteen-month sentence
dipenjara; menjalani hukuman for burglary]; serve time [Ba'asyir is serving time on immigration
dipenuhi; dijejali; dipadati offenses]
[to be bursting with] [e.g. The barracks were bursting with refugees]
The Board of Directors shall announce the plan of merger, amalgamation and
Direksi wajib mengumumkan dalam 2 (dua) surat kabar harian
acquisition of the Company in 2 (two) daily newspapers issued and circulated in
mengenai rencana penggabungan, peleburan, dan
the domicile or place of business activities of the Company not later than 14
pengambilalihan Perseroan paling lambat 14 (empatbelas) hari
(fourteen) days before the date of notice of the General Meeting of
sebelum pemanggilan Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham
Shareholders
Direktorat Barang Penting Depdag Directorate of Strategic Commodities of the Ministry of Trade
Direktorat Barang-barang Penting Directorate of Important Goods
Direktorat Bina Pelaksanaan Wilayah Tengah Directorate of Implementation Guidance of Central Region
Direktorat Bina Produksi Kehutanan Directorate of Forestry Production Development
Direktorat Bina Sarana Usaha Kehutanan Directorate of Forestry Business Facilities Development
Direktorat Bina Usaha Dalam Negeri Directorate of Domestic Business Management
Direktorat Ekspor Directorate of Exports
Direktorat Impor Directorate of Imports
Direktorat Jenderal Administrasi Hukum Umum Directorate General of General Law Administration
Direktorat Jenderal Agraria Directorate General of Agrarian Affairs
Direktorat Jenderal Anggaran Directorate General of Budgeting
Dirjen Haki Direktorat Jenderal Hak Milik Intelektual Directorate General of Intellectual Property Rights
Direktorat Jenderal Industri Logam Mesin Elektronika dan Directorate General of Metal, Machinery, Electronics and
Aneka Miscellaneous Industries
Direktorat Jenderal Listrik dan Pembangunan Energi Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Development
Direktorat Jenderal Pengawasan Keuangan Negara Directorate General of State Financial Monitoring
Direktorat Jenderal Pengembangan Sumberdaya Air Directorate General of Water Resources Development
dis agio [Selisih harga dibawah nilai nominal sekuritas] dis agio
disahkan ratified
disahkan sebagai salinan yang sesuai dengan aslinya this is certified to be a true copy
disalin sesuai dengan aslinya issued as a true copy
[be] attributed to [e.g. The fall in the number of deaths from heart
disebabkan oleh
disease is generally attributed to improvements in diet]
disebabkan oleh ulah manusia human caused
disediakan atas kebaikan… furnished by courtesy of…
disela-sela on the sideline of
disengaja wilful
disepelekan not considered important
diserahkan delivered; surrendered; delegated; submitted
disertai along with
disetahunkan made into one year
[be] carried [e.g. The amendment to the bill was carried unanimously;
disetujui [oleh sebagian besar orang]
the motion to ban the sale of guns was carried by 76 votes]
diskors [untuk sementara waktu] [be] suspended [e.g. Dave was suspended from school for a week]
distribusi distribution
distributor utama main distributors
distributor; penyalur distributor; distributorship [e.g. a company that supplies goods to stores or
other companies]
disyahkan oleh approved by
disyaratkan prescribed; stipulated
dividen tahun buku [Dividen ekstra yang dibayarkan pada akhir year end dividend
tahun buku disamping dividen biasa]
dokumen itu memuat tandatangannya the document bears his signature; The letter bore no signature
dokumen pemindahan hak milik atas properti conveyance [I.e. law a legal document that gives land, property etc from one
person to another]
dokumen penawaran bid document
dokumen pendukung support documents
dokumen pengiriman barang; amanat penyerahan delivery order
dokumen penjaminan kredit credit underwriting document
dokumen penjaminan likuiditas liquidity underwriting document
cover note [An interim document evidencing the grant of insurance
dokumen sementara penutupan asuransi [?]
cover]
Dokumen Transaksi Transaction Documents
dokumen yang berhubungan dengan documents connected with/related to
dokumen yang dibakar charred document
dokumenter [film atau siaran radio] documentary [e.g. A local film crew is making a documentary about
volcanoes]
dolar keras hard dollar
dorongan propulsion
DPA [Kantor Berita Jerman] Deutche Presse Agantur DPA
droit de suite droit de suite
dua belah pihak; timbal balik bilateral [bilateral negotiations between Israel and Syria]
dua bulanan; setiap dua bulan bimonthly
Dua Juta Lima Ratus Ribu Dolar Amerika [US$2,500,000] Two Million Five Hundred Thousand United States Dollars
dua kali sebulan semimonthly
dua keuntungan sekaligus the best of both worlds [e.g. They live in a village but it's only an hour from
London so they have the best of both worlds]
dua pihak bipartite [e.g. a bipartite treaty]
dua puluh lima [25] tahun silver jubilee
duduk perkara; seluk beluk ins and outs [I don't really know all the ins and outs of the matter]
dusun village
Duta Besar Luar Biasa dengan Kekuasaan Penuh Extraordinary Plenipotentiary Ambassador
dwi fungsi dual function; double mission
dwikora dwi komando rakyat people's double command
edisi ringkas abridged edition
ekspedisi forwarder
EMKL ekspedisi muatan kapal laut sea freight forwarders
EMKU ekspedisi muatan kapal udara air freight forwarders
eksploitasi exploitation
Ekspor Export
Eksportir Terdaftar Registered Exporter
ET Eks-Tapol ex-political prisoner; former political detainee
Ekstrakomtabel extracomtable
ekuitas publik public equity
Emas gold
emas batangan atau batu-batu permata/mulia yang belum
bullion or precious stones
dipasang
embarkasi; keberangkatan embarkation; embarcation >< disembarkation
ember/kontainer untuk mengisi batu bara coal scuttle
emigration [I.e. the act of leaving your own country in order to live in another]
emigrasi >< immigration [I.e. the process of entering another country in order to live
there]
emisi [Pengeluaran saham atau obligasi suatu perusahaan untuk issuance; issue
dijual kepada umum]
emisi berlebih; emisi lebih overissue
emisi panas [emisi saham baru yang sangat diminati hot issue
masyarakat]
empat ratus tahun [400 tahun] quartercentenary [e.g. the quatercentenary of Shakespeare's birth]
empati [dapat memahami perasaan dan masalah orang lain] empathy [ a doctor who had great empathy with her patients]
feronikel ferronickel
Fertilitas fertility
fidusia [pengalihan hak kepemilikan suatu benda atas dasar
kepercayaan dengan ketentuan bahwa benda yang hak fiduciary [I.e. a person to whom property or power is entrusted for the benefit
kepemilikannya dialihkan tersebut tetap dalam penguasaan of another]
pemilik benda]
firma firm
fiskal fiscal
fiskal luar negeri overseas fiscal
fitnah slander
floats floats
flora/fauna flora/fauna
flu burung avian influenza; bird flu
fluida fluid
fluktuasi fluctuation
fluvial [aktifitas sungai yang menyebabkan terjadinya erosi, fluvial
pengangkutan dan pengendapan material di permukaan bumi]
flywheel roda gendeng; gigi gendeng
formality [e.g. according to the formalities prescribed by law; There are a few
formalitas
formalities to settle before you become legal owner of the car]
Formulir Permohonan Pembukaan Rekening Tabungan Savings Account Opening Application Form
Frekuensi cedera (yang menyebabkan) waktu hilang Lost Time Injury Frequency
Fungible fungible
fungsi komptabel accounting function
fungsi trade-off trade-off function
Gapensi Gabungan Pelaksana Konstruksi Nasional Indonesia Indonesian National Constructors Union
Gaji saudara adalah ___ per bulan, bersih dari pajak Your salary will be ___ per month, net of tax
gambaran singkat; uraian singkat overview [The document provides a general overview of the bank's policies]
gambararan conception
drawings; diagram [a drawing or plan that shows exactly where something is,
gambar-gambar what something looks like, or how something works: a diagram of the human
body]
gangguan plague; distraction
gangguan kesehatan ill-health
gangguan listrik outage [a power outage]
Gangguan Perilaku/Jiwa mental/behavioural disturbances
Gangguan Sendi dan Kelumpuhan problems in the joints and paralysis
ganja cannabis sativa
ganti kerugian compensation
ganti rugi compensation [indemnity]
garam batu halite
gardu substation
gardu induk main sub-station
gardu jaga sentry post; guardhouse
gardu listrik power station [I.e. a building where electricity is produced to supply a large
area]
garis batas ketinggian air pada saat kapal mengapung ligh load line
garis kebijakan rules of conduct
garis keturunan (lurus satu derajat) lineage (of the first degree)
garis pantai coastline
garis sempadan sungai river border line
GBHN Garis-garis Besar Haluan Negara Broad Outlines of State Policy; State Policy Guidelines
Garis-Garis Besar Haluan Pembangunan Basic Guidelines for Development Policy
Garis-garis Besar Pola Pembangunan Nasional Semesta
Broad Outlines of 1961-1969 First Phase Overall Development Plan
Berencana Tahap Pertama 1961-1969
Gas Alam natural gas
gas karbid acetylene
Gas Minyak Diesel diesel gas oil
gas yang dicairkan liquified gas
Gasoline Alam natural gasoline
gaya eksogen [tenaga yang berasal dari luar bumi yang exogenous force
menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan di permukaan atau dekat
permukaan bumi, seperti pelapukan, erosi, abrasi, denudasi]
gaya endogen [tenaga berasal dari dalam bumi yang endogenous force
menyebabkan terjadinya pergerakan, patahan, perlipatan dan
vulkanisma di permukaan bumi]
giro [simpanan pada bank yang penarikannya dapat dilakukan giro; clearing account; checking account; demand deposit
setiap saat dengan cek, pemindahbukuan, bilyet giro/lainnya]
Golkar Golongan Karya functional group; Function Group; federation of functional group
habeas corpus [hak bagi tahanan untuk memperoleh keputusan habeas corpus [I.e. the right of someone in prison to come to a court of law so
pengadilan yang menentukan nasibnya] that the court can decide whether they should stay in prison]
claim [e.g. No one can dispute Oliver's claim to the inheritance; Surely they
hak [atas tanah, hak milik, dll]
have a rightful claim to their father's land?]
hak atas efek [Suatu hak untuk membeli atau menjual efek stock option
pada harga tertentu di dalam periode tertentu]
hak milik [Harta tetap perusahaan atau perorangan] right of ownership; property
Hak mutlak [Hak mutlak yang bebas dari setiap hak gadai atau Absolute title [A clear title that is free of any liens or judgments. A clear title is
putusan pengadilan. Hak mutlak biasanya diperlukan sebelum
normally required before a mortgage is granted]
diberikannya suatu hipotek]
hak suara [Hak pemegang saham untuk mengeluarkan suara voting right
dalam rapat umum pemegang saham]
hak untuk mendahului; hak untuk berjalan lebih dahulu; right-of-way; right of way [The law here says that pedestrians always have
the right of way;I never know who has right of way at this junction; The path is
jalan umum not a public right of way]
usufruct [I.e. The right of enjoying a thing, the property of which is vested in
hak untuk menikmati sesuatu [hak memakai dan menikmati
another, and to draw from the same all the profit, utility and advantage which it
hasil benda milik orang lain tanpa hak untuk memilikinya]
may produce, provided it be without altering the substance of the thing]
hal yang boleh dan tidak boleh dilakukan dos and donts; do's and don'ts [The booklet lists the dos and don'ts of
caring for dogs]
hal yang sebenarnya that is the case
halal legal; permitted
impediment [The main impediment to development is the country's huge
halaman foreign debt]; preclusion; handicap; set-back [e.g. The bad weather was a
major set-back in our efforts to get the material delivered on time]
halaman premises
halau avoid; prevent
ancillary matters [e.g. Agreement was reached on a number of ancillary
hal-hal terkait
matters]
hal-hal yang dilarang dilakukan negative covenants
hal-hal yang wajib dilakukan positive covenants
hal-ihwal events, circumstances, particulars
Haluan Negara State Policy
hama pest
hambatan obstacle
hambatan moral moral restraints
hambatan untuk masuk pasar Barriers to Market Entry
hamparan terumbu karang coral reef
hampir berakhir [v] draw on [As the journey drew on, he started to feel tired]
hampir kehabisan [persediaan] [v] run low on [e.g. We're running low on coffee]
hampir selesai; jatuh [ke dalam situasi tertentu]; berubah lapse [I let the conversation lapse and Kelly finally spoke up; He lapsed into a
coma; the country lapsed into chaos]
hampir semua; sebagian besar most [e.g. Most research in this field has been carried out by the Russians; It
was Sunday and most of the shops were shut]
warm; welcoming; cordial [e.g. a cordial note from Mrs Thomas] >< distant
hangat; ramah; bersahabat >< tidak bersahabat
[e.g. After the quarrel Susan remained cold and distant]
for the simple reason that [She didn't answer for the simple reason that she
hanya semata-mata karena
couldn't think of anything to say]
haram illegal; forbidden
harap hubungi jika ada masalah please contact if there are any concerns
harap sertakan… please include…
harga price; charge [Gas charges will rise in July; an admission charge of $5]
harga pasaran; harga yang umum berlaku the going rate [e.g. I'm told $20 an hour is the going rate for private tuition]
harga tawaran [Harga efek yang diajukan oleh calon bid price
pembeli/Harga tertinggi yang diminta untuk membeli]
harganya berkisar [v] range in price [e.g. The shoes range in price from $25 to $100]
Hari Kerja berarti hari Senin sampai dengan Jum’at, kecuali hari Business Day shall mean Monday through to Friday, except any national
libur nasional yang ditentukan oleh pemerintah Indonesia business day except any national public holiday declared by the government
hari terusan [Hari pertama setelah lima hari penetapan saham] continuation day
hasil tunai [Penerimaan tunai dikurangi pengeluaran tunai tetapi cash earning
tidak termasuk pengeluaran non cash seperti depresiasi]
hayati biological
hegemoni [kontrol dari satu kelompok yang lebih kuat atas hegemony [I.e. a situation in which one social class or group is more powerful
kelompok lain] than others]
hemat economical
hematologi, jumlah darah putih dan formula hematology, white blood cell count and formulas
HIR Her Indische Regulatie Civil Procedure Law
hibah grant
hibah dan pinjaman grants and loans
hibah tunai cash grant
hidran air hydrant
hidup berdampingan [dengan damai] [v] coexist [e.g. the two nations have coexsisted for centuries]
hikmah [?] upside [The upside of the whole thing is that we got a free trip to Bali]
Himpunan Konsultan Hukum Pasar Modal Association of Capital Markets Legal Consultants
himpunan undang-undang compilation of laws
mortgage [i.e. a legal arrangement by which you borrow money from a bank or
hipotek [Penyerahan secara tertulis mengenai hak atas harta similar organization in order to buy a house, and pay back the money over a
benda tak bergerak untuk menjamin pembayaran suatu hutang period of years: Your building society or bank will help arrange a mortgage; take
dengan ketentuan bahwa penyerahan itu akan dibatalkan pada out a mortgage (=borrow money for a mortgage): They've taken out a 30 year
waktu pembayaran]
mortgage]; hypothecation
endowment mortgage
Hipotek Endomen [Perjanjian tentang pemberian jaminan]
honorarium honorarium
hortikultura; ilmu perkebunan horticulture
Hotel Berbintang star hotel
nexus; realtionship [e.g. We have a good working relationship with the
hubungan managers]; relations [e.g. Canada and Italy established diplomatic relations in
1970]
common law [the system of laws that has developed from customs and the
Hukum adat
decisions of judges rather than from laws made by Parliament]
hukuman berat atas pelanggaran serius retribution [e.g. Victims are demanding retribution for the terrorist attacks]
hukuman mati capital punishment
huma bareland
humus/tanah bagian atas topsoil
huruf a sampai dengan huruf z letter a through letter z
huruf besar upper case
huruf kecil lower case; fine print
huruf miring italics
huru-hara riot; unrest
huru-hara sipil civil unrest; civil insurrection
hutan bakau mangrove forest
HL hutan lindung conservation forest
hutan milik proprietary forest
HPT hutan produksi terbatas limited production forest
hutan suaka alam nature reserve
HTI Hutan Tanaman Industri Industrial Forest
debt; red ink [e.g. The automobile company has been drowning in red ink
hutang
since the US dollar began to rise]
hutang atau kewajiban [kepada pemasok atas barang atau
accounts payable [I.e. Money owed to suppliers]
jasa yang telah diberikan]; utang dagang
hutang berjaminan secured debt
hutang buku book debt
hutang dagang [utang jangka pendek individu/badan sebagai
account payable
akibat pembelian barang.jasa]; utang usaha
hutang jangka panjang jatuh tempo dalam waktu setahun current maturities of long term liabilities
hutang luar negeri overseas debt; offshore debt
hutang obligasi bonds payable
hutang pajak tax payable
hutang rutin routine indebtedness
hutang subordinasi subordinated debt
hutang usaha trade accounts payable
hutang yang dijaminkan secured indebtedness
hutang yang setara equivalent debt
ia bekerja di bidang itu he works in the trade
ia bukan penasihat yang baik he is not much of an advisor
ia lebih suka jalan daripada lari he would [he'd] rather walk than run
ia mungkin dapat menolong kalau ada bayarannya he may be able to help you for a small consideration
ijin resmi clearance [e.g. The pilot requested clearance for an emergency landing]
ikut menandatangani; turut menandatangani [v] countersign [The note must be countersigned by a doctor]
[v] take part; participate; turn out [About 70% of the population turned out
for the election]; involve [yourself] in [e.g. Reilly involves himself in every
ikut serta; ambil bagian aspect of his company’s business] ; engage [in] [e.g. politician engaged in
various business activities]; [to be/get] involved in [e.g. More than 30
software firms were involved in the project]
in personam [proses atau keputusan hukum yang ditujukan in personam [(of a legal proceeding or judgment) directed against a party or
terhadap pihak, dan bukan terhadap properti] parties, rather than against property]
in rem [tindakan atau proses hukum yang ditujukan terhadap in rem [(of a legal proceeding or judgment) directed against a thing, rather than
benda dan bukan terhadap individu untuk pemulihan properti] against a person, as a legal proceeding for the recovery of property]
index [I.e. system by which prices, costs etc can be compared to those of a
indeks
previous date]
indeks biaya hidup cost-of-living index
inflasi non inti [Inflasi yang disebabkan oleh gangguan dari sisi noises inflation
penawaran dan berada diluar Kendali otoritas moneter]
inflasioner [berkaitan dengan kenaikan harga] inflationary [I.e. inflationary wage increases]
informasi milik perusahaan proprietary information [I.e. information about a company's products,
methods etc which is known only to people who work for the company]
IDT Inpres Desa Tertinggal presidential instruction on least developed villages program
insiden; kemungkinan; kejadian [yang tidak menyenangkan] eventuality [e.g. We must be prepared for every eventuality]
insidensil incidental
Inspektur Daerah Pajak Regional Tax Inspector
Irjen Inspektur Jenderal Inspector General
instalatir installer
instansi agency [authority; institution; body]
instansi yang berwajib competent authority
ITB Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Institute of Technology
instruksi instruction
Inpres Instruksi Presiden Presidential Instruction
Instrumen Bank Negosiabel negotiable bank instrument
Instrumen Kredit credit instrument
izin permission; leave [e.g. All this was done entirely without my leave]
IUKU Izin Usaha Ketenagalistrikan untuk Kepentingan Umum Electric Power Business License for Public Purposes
IUKS Izin Usaha Ketenagalistrikan untuk Keperluan Sendiri Electric Power Business License for Private Purposes
Izin Usaha Penunjang Tenaga Listrik Electricity Supporting Business Licenses
IUP Izin Usaha Perkebunan Plantation Business License
izin usaha sementara provisional business license
IUT Izin Usaha Tetap Permanent Business License; Permanent Operating License
jabatan position; title; office; function
jabatan pemerintahan public office
collateral; security [e.g. She had to put up her house as security on the loan] ;
jaminan warranty [e.g. a five-year anticorrosion warranty]; guaranty; guarantee [e.g.
Is there a guarantee of work after training?; Can you give me a guarantee that
the work will be finished on time?]
but for [But for these interruptions, the meeting would have finished earlier;
jika bukan karena/kalau tidak kerena [seseorang/sesuatu] The score could have been higher but for some excellent goalkeeping by
Simon; I might never have got to university but for you]
jika hal itu benar; sekalipun alasan itu benar [tetap saja be that as it may [e.g. “James has been under a lot of pressure at work
seseorang tidak boleh mengabaikan hal lainnya] recently.” “Be that as it may, he ought to spend time with his family.”]
Jika Presiden mangkat, berhenti, atau tidak dapat melakukan Should the President die, resign or be unable to perform his duties during his
kewajibannya dalam masa jabatannya, ia diganti oleh Wakil term of office, he shall be succeeded by the Vice-President until the expiry of
Presiden sampai habis waktunya his term of office
Jika rancangan itu, meskipun disetujui oleh Dewan Perwakilan
Should such a bill not obtain the sanction of the President notwithstanding the
Rakyat, tidak disahkan oleh Presiden, maka rancangan tadi tidak
approval of the House of Representatives, the bill shall not be resubmitted
boleh dimajukan lagi dalam persidangan Dewan Perwakilan
during the same session of the House of Representatives
Rakyat masa itu.
failing [e.g. There are two cheap hotels, but failing either of these, you may as
jika tidak mau/berhasil well go back to where you were before; Try to get them to pay for the damage,
or failing that, claim on their insurance]
Jika tidak mendapat persetujuan, maka peraturan pemerintah itu Where the approval of the Dewan is not obtained, the government regulations
harus dicabut shall be revoked
jika uangnya telah disetorkan [sebesar] on remittance of [e.g. We will forward the goods on remittance of £10]
jual fiktif [Jual beli saham secara fiktif yang dilakukan dua orang
atau lebih broker /komisoner dengan tujuan untuk menciptakan wash sale
catatan harga tertentu]
jual habis [Penjualan efek atau komoditi dengan tujuan untuk selling off
menghindari penurunan harga]
judul title
Judul pasal dalam Perjanjian ini adalah untuk memudahkan saja
The article headings in this Agreement are for convenience only and do not limit
dan tidak membatasi atau dengan cara lain mempengaruhi setiap
or otherwise affect any of the terms or provisions hereof.
syarat atau ketentuan dari Perjanjian ini
judul rekening title of account
but [This is but one example of what can happen when things go badly wrong;
juga
It's going to be difficult. Anyway, we can but try]
juga tidak neither [e.g. Tom didn't believe a word she said and neither did the police; The
authorities were not sympathetic to the students' demands, neither would they
tolerate any disruption]
jujur honest; out front [Molly is very out front in talking about her mistakes];
forthright [e.g. She answered in her usual forthright manner]
jujur dan bertanggung jawab [adj] upstanding [upstanding young men and women]
jujur dan dapat dipercaya bonafide
juling squinting
jumlah number; total; amount
jumlah aktiva lancar total current assets
jumlah bersih net amount
jumlah bruto gross amount
jumlah genap round lot
Jumlah Hari-Orang Total Man-Days
Jumlah Jam Kerja Total Working Hours
jumlah jaminan coverage
Jumlah Keperluan Energi Total Energy Requirements
jumlah kerugian amount of loss
jumlah keuntungan yield [investments with high yields]
jumlah keuntungan bersih a clear amount of profit
Jumlah Lulusan Number of Graduates
jumlah pekerjaan [yang dapat diselesaikan] throughput [an airport with a weekly throughput of 100,000 passengers]
jumlah yang hampir sama besar dengan yang sudah as much again [the car only cost him Rp.30jt but it cost as much again to get
dikeluarkan sebelumnya it insured
Jumlah, nomor dan tanggal perolehan surat saham dan/atau The total number of shares, serial number and date of acceptance of the share
surat kolektif saham yang dimiliki para Pemegang Saham certificate and/or collective share certificate issued to each Shareholder
kalibrasi; peneraan; pengukuran calibration [e.g. a set of marks on an instrument or tool used for measuring]
kapasitas bandwidth [e.g. We do not have the bandwidth to accommodate your request]
kapling lot
kapur barus benzoin
kapur batu hard chalk
karangan bunga floral tributes
karangan ilmiah scholarly paper
karantina quarantine
karbon rendah low-carbon
karbon tinggi high-carbon
karcis gratis complimentary ticket
karcis ini masih dapat dipakai untuk satu minggu the ticket is still good for a week
karena alasan for reason of [The tower is closed for reasons of safety]
karena kekurangan through lack [of]
karena satu dan lain hal for some reason or other [For some reason or other, he couldn't come today]
kas cash
kas daerah regional treasury
kas dan setara kas cash and caseh equivalent
kas di tangan cash on hand
kas kecil petty cash
Kas Mobil Mobile Cashier
Kas Mobil Bank Bank Mobile Cashier
Kas Terapung Floating Cashier
Kas Terapung Bank Bank Floating Cashier
Kawasan Kerjasama Ekonomi Subregional ASEAN ASEAN Sub-regional Economic Cooperation Region
kebebasan [dalam mengerjakan sesuatu] leeway [e.g. Our reporters have a lot of leeway in what they write]
authenticity; veracity [e.g. They have never had the ability to argue their
kebenaran; keaslian
veracity]
kebendaan property
keberadaan existence of
keberangkatan departure [e.g. There are several departures for New York every day]
keberatan complaint
objection [The bill was passed over the objections of many Democrats; He had
keberatan moral objections to killing animals for food] ; dissent; grievance [e.g. Anyone
who has a legitimate grievance against the company can take it to the
committee]
[v] owe more to [e.g. Their success owes more to good luck than to
keberhasilan seseorang yang lebih dikarenakan sesuatu
careful management; Pearson's work owed much to the research of
hal [dibanding hal lain]
his friend, Hugh Kingsmill]
keberlakuan - Semua hak dan kewajiban berdasarkan Perjanjian enforceability - All rights and obligations under this Agreement shall be binding
ini akan mengingat dan akan dilaksanakan terhadap Para Pihak upon and shall be enforceable against the Parties, and their respective
dan para penerus serta pengganti mereka successors and assigns
kebetulan incidental
kecil kemungkinannya remote chance [There's a remote chance that you will catch him before he
leaves]
excluded; except for; save [preposition. e.g. She answered all the questions
kecuali save one; I agree with you, save that you've got one or two details wrong]; but
for [All was silent but for the sound of the wind in the trees]
kecuali apabila hubungan kalimatnya menghendaki lain except where the context otherwise requires
kedatangan arrival [e.g. Shortly after our arrival in Turkey Lisa became very ill.]
Kedaulatan adalah di tangan rakyat, dan dilakukan sepenuhnya Sovereignty shall be vested in the people and shall be exercised in full by the
oleh Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat People's Consultative Assembly
Kedaulatan Parlementer Parliamentary Sovereignty
keduanya tidak; dua-duanya tidak neither [e.g. Neither parent cares what happens to the child; Both players have
been warned, but neither of them seem to take it seriously]
kedudukan competency
kedudukan hukum legal domicile
Kedudukan, Tugas, Susunan Organisasi dan Tata Kerja Status, duty, Organizational Structure and the Working System of the
Departmen Department
kedwiartian ambiguity
keengganan reticence [e.g. There has also been a reticence to question the theory]
kegiatan usaha penambangan bahan galian excavated material mining business activity
kegiatan usaha utama core business activities
Kegiatan Utama main activity
kegiatan yang bersifat pribadi private activity
practicality; usefulness [There are doubts as to the usefulness of this
kegunaan
approach (=it may not be useful)]
kehadiran wajib obligatory attendance
kehakiman judiciary
kehandalan reliability
keharusan necessity; imperative
kehati-hatian bank prudential banking
kehidupan sosial budaya social cultural life
[v] forfeit [By becoming a German citizen he forfeited his right to live in
kehilangan the US; If a team fails to registers its individual players that team will
forfeit its team registration fee]
keikutsertaan participation
kejadian secara kebetulan happenstance [e.g. It was just happenstance that we met]
felony; crime; mischief [e.g. If you can't see Nick, you can be sure he's up to
kejahatan some mischief; They've got enough toys to keep them out of mischief for a
while]
kejahatan karena jabatan malfeasance
kejaksaan public prosecutor's office; office of the public prosecutor
Kejaksaan Agung Attorney General's Office
Kejaksaan Negeri District Prosecutor's Office
Kejaksaan Tinggi Chief Prosecutor's Office
kejayaan; kebesaran; kemegahan greatness
kejelasan clarity
Kejelasan hukum legal clarity
kejujuran fairness
kejuruan vocational
kekayaan alam natural resources
kekayaan perwalian trust property
kekayaan tidak bergerak fixed assets
kekebalan buatan acquired immunity
kekebalan hukum immunity [e.g. They were granted immunity from prosecution]
grievance [e.g. The meetings provide employees with an opportunity to air
kekecewaan [karena perlakuan tidak adil]; keluhan
their grievances]
kelancangan presumption [e.g. Ryan's presumption in telling her when they would meet]
fixtures and fittings [I.e. British English (=all the equipment that is normally
kelengkapan
included as part of a house or building when it is sold)]
kelihatan; yang tampak observable [e.g. unemployment and other observable effects of the recession]
kelihatannya seem to be
Kelompok Ahli Fotografi Bersama Joint Photographic Experts Group JPEG
kelompok konsumen consumer group
kelompok pajak tax bracket [e.g. Peter's new job puts him in the highest tax bracket]
keluar masuknya turnover [singular. e.g. Low pay accounts for the high turnover of staff]
keluarga sedarah; pertalian sedarah biological family; blood relations; blood relatives; consanguinity
Kepala Kantor Wilayah BPN Propinsi Head of Regional Office of the Provincial National Land Agency
Kepala Kantor Wilayah Departemen Tenaga Kerja Head of Regional Office of the Department of Manpower
Kagiat Kepala Kegiatan Activity Head
Kepala Kehakiman Chief Justice
KK kepala keluarga household [lit. family head]
Kapolri Kepala Kepolisian Republik Indonesia Chief of the Police Force of the Republic of Indonesia
Kakotama Kepala Komando Utama Principal Head of Command
Kalakgiat Kepala Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Head of Activity Implementation
Kepala Urusan Pengawasan dan Pembinaan Bank-bank Head of Supervision of and Guidance to Banks
working interest [An interest in a mineral property that entitles the owner of
kepentingan atas daerah tambang [?] that interest to all of a share of mineral production from the property, usually
subject to a royalty]
common good [e.g. Do they seriously think they're acting for the common
kepentingan bersama
good?]; mutual interest
kepentingan kepemilikan yang sah atau menguntungkan a legal or beneficial ownership interest
concern [e.g. concern with worsening law and order; the rise of concern about
keprihatinan; kekhawatiran the environment; One of the concerns that people have is the side effects of
treatment]
kepulangan return [e.g. Malcolm decided to delay his return to York]
kepunahan extinction
Keputusan Decree [if Minister or above]; Decision [if below]
keputusan verdict
resolution
[e.g.[ofAfter a week the jury had still not reached a verdict]; decision;
a meeting]
The panel will be giving their verdict tomorrow]; ruling [I.e. an official decision,
keputusan
especially one made by a court]; judgement [UK]; judgment [US, e.g. a
final/last delivered
judgment word [Thebyfinalthe word
European
rests court]
with the board; My boss has the final word
keputusan akhir
on hiring staff]
Keputusan Arbiter award of the arbitrator
keputusan bersama joint decree
Keputusan Bersama ini dibuat rangkap 2 (dua) asli untuk masing- This joint decree shall be made in 2 (two) fold, both being original, for the
masing pihak respective parties
keputusan di luar rapat pemegang saham unanimous written resolution of shareholders
keputusan edaran circular resolution
Keputusan Ganti Rugi award of damages
keputusan gubernur governor/gubernatorial decree
Keputusan para pemegang saham Unanimous Written Resolution of the Shareholders UWRS
keputusan penting consequential decision
Keppres Keputusan Presiden Presidential Decree PD
Keputusan Presiden ini mulai berlaku pada tanggal This Presidential Decree shall become effective on the date of its
ditetapkan promulgation
keputusan rapat meeting resolution
Keputusan yang diambil dengan cara demikian, mempunyai The foregoing shall take effect and have the same force and effect as a
kekuatan yang sama dengan keputusan yang diambil dengan sah resolution passed at a General Meeting of Shareholders of the Company. This
dalam rapat Komisaris Resolution shall be effective as of
kerekan; derek winch [a machine with a rope or chain for lifting heavy objects]
kertas koran newsprint [cheap paper used mostly for printing newspapers on]
common ground [e.g. The two parties met to establish some common ground;
kesamaan pandangan There was little common ground between the two sides and the negotiations for
the new machinery did not go well]
kesatuan dengan dan bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari an integral and inseparable part of
keseimbangan parities
keseimbangan yang wajar reasonable equilibrium
kesejahteraan prosperity; welfare
kesejahteraan bersama commonweal; common welfare;
keselamatan kerja work safety
keselamatan pelayaran navigational safety
keselamatan umum public safety
occasion [e.g. I've seen Jana with them on several occasions; I'm saving this
kesempatan; acara
bottle of champagne for a special occasion]
kesepakatan bargain [We've made a bargain that he'll do the shopping and I'll cook]
concession [e.g. We will never make any concessions to terrorists];
kesepakatan consensus [e.g. The EC Council of Finance Ministers failed to reach a
consensus on the pace of integration] ; meeting of minds; agreement
Kesepakatan covenant
kesepakatan bersama common consent [e.g. Joe was chosen as captain by common consent]
ketelitian precision
ketenagakerjaan manpower
ketenagalistrikan electricity; electric power
ketenangan silence
ketenangan tranquility [e.g. the tranquillity of the countryside]
ketentuan prescription
ketentuan provision [e.g. Let me set out the main provisions of the contract]
ketentuan-ketentuan pembukaan rekening tabungan terms and conditions for opening a savings account
Ketentuan-ketentuan yang memastikan adanya
Conformity Inducing Measures
kepatuhan dengan peraturan
ketepatan preciseness
keterampilan mikro micro-skill
details [For further details, contact the personnel department; We need to
keterangan
discuss a few details before you start]
keterangan statement; explanation
keterangan ganti nama statement on change of name
keterangan lengkap [Keterangan singkat mengenai kegiatan capsule information
terakhir perusahaan yang belum diperiksa akuntan publik dan
biasanya dilampirkan pada perhitungan rugi laba]
keterbelakangan backwardness
keterbukaan informasi transparency
ketertiban order
ketertiban umum public order
ketertinggalan underdevelopment
leeway [e.g. Janet's got a lot of leeway to make up in her studies after her
ketertinggalan; ketinggalan [waktu]
illness]
ketetapan stipulation; provision
TAP MPR Ketetapan MPR Assembly Decree
ketiadaan tindakan inaction
ketidakadilan yang menyolok gross injustice
ketidakberesan irregularity
ketidakberlakuan invalidity
ketidakberpihakan impartiality
ketidakcocokan; ketidaksesuain discrepancy; dissonance
ketidakjelasan vagueness; ambiguity
ketidakpedulian disregrad [e.g.Rudi drove with blatant disregard for his passengers' safety]
ketidaksetaraan; ketidaksamaan inequality [e.g. the inequalities still suffered by disabled people]
advantage [One of the many advantages of living in New York is that you can
eat out at almost any time of day; The hotel is not very modern, but it does have
keuntungan
the advantage of being close to the city centre]; gain [e.g. companies that care
only about short-term gain]
return[s] [The company returns over the last three years have been
keuntungan
spectacular; $10,000! That's not a bad return on our investment, is it?]
kewajiban kenegaraan; kewajiban sebagai warga negara civil duty; civic duty [e.g. It is your civic duty to vote in the local elections]
KPTPK Komisi Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi Commission for the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Corruption
KPTPPU Komisi Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang Commission for the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Money Laundering CECAML
KPKPN Komisi Pemeriksa Kekayaan Penyelenggara Negara Commission for the Inspection of State Administrators' Wealth
Kontras Komisi untuk Orang Hilang dan Korban Tindak Kekerasan Commission for Missing Persons and Victims of Violence
komitmen; janji; kesepakatan buy in [e.g. We need manufacturing's buy in before we go ahead with this]
Komoditas Commodity
komoditas berjangka perpetual commodities
komoditi non-minyak non-oil commodities
kompensasi set-off
Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya Conservation of Biological Natural Resources and their Ecosystem
konservasi sumber daya alam hayati dan ekosistemnya biological natural resources conservation and its ecosystem
konsesi [pembebasan perdagangan] concession [trade liberalization]
konsinyasi [secara ~] [by] consignment
konstituen constituents
Konstitusi Constitution
Konstitusi RIS Constitution of the Federal Republic of Indonesia
Konstruksi Construction
konsultan counsel
kontijensi/persyaratan [persyaratan yang harus dipenuhi contingency [A condition that must be met before a contract is legally binding]
sebelum suatu kontrak mengikat secara hukum]
Konvensi Internasional untuk Pencegahan Pencemaran International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships
Oleh Kapal-kapal (1973) (1973)
Konvensi Jenewa tentang Laut Teritorial dan Zona Perbatasan Geneva Convention of The Territorial Sea and The Contiguous Zone, High
dan Laut Lepas, serta Landasan Kontinen dan Penangkapan Ikan Seas, The Continental Shelf and Fishing and Conservation of Living Resources
dan Pelestarian Habitat di Laut Lepas of High Seas
Konvensi PBB tentang Hukum Laut UN Convention on the Law of the Sea UNCLOS
Konvensi Pemberantasan Penyuapan Pejabat Pemerintah Asing Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International
Dalam Transaksi Perdagangan Internasional Business Transactions
Koordinasi di lingkungan Departemen Luar Negeri dilakukan oleh the coordination within the Foreign Minister shall be undertaken by the Director
Direktur Investasi Dan Kerjasama Keuangan dengan bimbingan for Investments and Financial Cooperation under the guidance of the Director
Direktur Jenderal Ekonomi Luar Negeri General of Foreign Economic Relations
koordinasi fungsional lintas sektoral pusat dan daerah trans sector of functional coordination in the central and region
victim; casualty [e.g. First reports of the air crash tell of more than 50
korban
casualties; There were no casualties in the traffic accident]
kotak simpan aman; penyimpanan barang/surat berharga safe deposit box; safety deposit box
Kuitansi Receipt
KKN Kuliah Kerja Nyata Students Community Service
kulit jadi dan barang jadi kulit processed leather and leather products
kulit rotan rattan husk
kumparan penggulung winding pitch
Kumpulan Piutang Set of Receivables
kurang bagus [dibandingkan dengan___] inferior [e.g. This machine is technically inferior to Western models]
[be] less than successful [e.g. Doctors have been less than successful
kurang berhasil
in treating this condition]
kurang dibayar underpaid; under-payment
kurang dipotong under-withholding
KEK Kurang Energi Kronis chronical lack of energy
kurang lebih approximately; more or less
kurang penting incidental
kurangnya kerjasama lack of cooperation
kurator curator; receiver [The business is in the hands of the receivers]
kurs exchange rate
kurs jual selling rate
kurs yang relatif tinggi overvalued currency
Kursi Anggota Tunggal Single - Member Seat
kursi pengadilan judgement seat
kustodian
kursus kilat[Pihak yang memberikan jasa penitipan Efek dan cram course; quickie course
harta lain yang berkaitan dengan Efek serta jasa lain, termasuk
menerima dividen, bunga, dan hak-hak lain, menyelesaikan custodian
transaksi Efek, dan mewakili pemegang rekening yang menjadi
kutipan
nasabahnya]; pengawas
copy [e.g. Please send a copy of your marriage certificate]
kutipan pasal-pasal Anggaran Dasar excerpts of articles from the Articles of Association
kwantum amount; quantity
kwitansi receipt
Laba atau Kerugian dalam Hal Penjualan Sekuritas Capital Gain/Capital Loss
Laba Bersih per Saham [Keuntungan bersih perusahaan Earning Per Share EPS
dibagi dengan seluruh jumlah saham perusahaan]
lalai membayar [v] default [e.g. the country defaulted on its payment]; delinquent
high seas [I.e. the sea or ocean beyond the three-mile limit or territorial waters
laut lepas
of a country]
health care [the service of looking after the health of all the people in a country
layanan kesehatan
or an area]
layanan konsultasi manajemen management consulting services
layanan nasabah; layanan pelanggan customer service
layanan serahan delivery service
lazim; kelaziman custom; prevalence
prevalent [e.g. Solvent abuse is especially prevalent among younger
lazim; umum
teenagers]
over [People earning £33,000 and over will pay the higher rate of tax];
lebih
upwards [The meeting was attended by upwards of (=over) 500 people]
lebih dari in excess of [e.g. The car reached speeds in excess of 100 miles per hour]
[v] fall to a new low; hit a new low [I.e. to be worth less than ever
lebih rendah dari sebelumnya
before. E.g. The pound has fallen to a new low against the dollar]
lebih sering; sebagian besar; kebanyakan mostly [e.g. I mostly worked as a researcher, writer, or teacher; More
immigrants arrived, mostly Europeans]
prefer [e.g. I'd prefer it if you didn't smoke in front of the children]; rather than
lebih suka [e.g. I'd rather die than ask him for his autograph; We'd rather you didn't smoke
in our home; I suppose I could lend it to them but I'd rather not]
lega relief [e.g. To our great relief the children all arrived home safely]
LIPI Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia Indonesian Academy of Science; Indonesian Science Agency
Lembaga Penelitan, Pendidikan dan Penerangan Institute of Research, Education and Information on Social and
LP3ES
Ekonomi dan Sosial Economic Affairs
Lembaga Penentu Prioritas Prioritizing Institution
Lembaga Pengawas Supervisory Agency
ICEL Lembaga Pengembangan Hukum Lingkungan Indonesia Indonesian Center for Environmental Law
LPKSM Lembaga Perlindungan Konsumen Swadaya Masyarakat Non-Government Consumer Protection Agency
Lintingan Self-Rolled
Listrik Electricity
Listrik Swasta Independent Power Producer
Listrik Tenaga Air dan Panas Bumi Hydro and Geothermal Electricity
luas; menyeluruh extensive [e.g. The abortion issue has been the subject of extensive debate]
breadth [e.g. What is the breadth of this room?; The boat measured eight feet
luas; ukuran luas
in breadth]
lubang gap
luka memar contusion; bruise
lulusan alumnus [singular]; alumni [plural]
Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat menetapkan Undang-Undang The People's Consultative Assembly shall determine the constitution and the
Dasar dan garis-garis besar daripada haluan negara guide lines of the policy of State
makin lama makin banyak the longer the time the greater the amount
Maklumat Announcement; Declaration; [statement?]
makmur prosperous; wealthy
mancatatkan [v] document [His research documents how the crisis occurred]
MCK mandi, cuci, kakus public bathing, washing and toilet facilities
mandor foreman
benefit [an aid program that has brought lasting benefits to the region; The new
manfaat
credit cards will be of great benefit to our customers]
mata pencaharian bread and butter [e.g. I don't write just for fun - it's my bread and butter]
mata uang acuan [Suatu mata uang yang dipilih karena anchor currency
stabilitasnya yang diharapkan dan diterima secara internasional]
melakukan [sesuatu] dengan berlebihan [v] do [something] to excess [e.g. Drinking is OK as long as you don't do it
to excess]
Melakukan bimbingan dan penyuluhan investasi kepada to provide guidance and counseling on investments to prospective
calon-calon investor investors
melakukan cara apapun [untuk memperoleh sesuatu] [v] go to any lenghts [e.g. Gerald is prepared to go to any lengths to get his
daughter back]
[v] make investments [e.g. Wellings made a number of high-risk investments
melakukan investasi
in the property market during the late 80s]
[v] compromise; meet someone halfway [e.g. The asking price for the
melakukan kompromi chemicals was too high but we met the salesmen half-way and reached an
agreement]
[v] pay a call [e.g. Why not pay a call on your aunt while you're in Jakarta?;
melakukan kunjungan
Sorry, Doctor John is out on a call at the moment]
melakukan pembunuhan dengan tidak sengaja manslaughter [She was cleared of murder but found guilty of manslaughter]
[v] take a vote [on something] [We couldn't decide who to give the prize to
melakukan pemungutan suara so we took a vote on it]; cast [one's] vote [two million overseas Indonesians
are expected to cast
[v] economize [e.g.their votes]economize on the central heating because the
We can't
baby needs a warm house]; make economies [e.g. We're trying to make a
melakukan penghematan [atas]; berhemat; menghemat
few economies this month]; cut corners [e.g. We have been forced to cut
corners on stationary expenses during these severe economic times]
melakukan perbaikan [v] make/carry out/do repairs [His job is to make minor repairs on all the
machines; The church tower is in need of repair]
[v] deliver the goods [e.g. The new owner of the company is not very popular
melakukan sesuatu dengan baik/sesuai harapan
but he is able to deliver the goods.]
[v] diversify [farmers forced to diversify away from their core business;
melakukan variasi
The company is planning to diversify into other mining activities]
[v] conduct verification [e.g. those men are qualified and authorised to
melakukan verifikasi
conduct verification of equipment]
melampaui exceed
[v] attach; append [The results of the client survey are appended to
melampirkan
this document]
[v] contravene [Some portions of the bill may contravene state law];
melanggar
infringe
[to proceed [with/to] [e.g. John paused to consult his notes, then proceeded
melanjutkan
with his questions; We can now proceed to the main business of the meeting]
[v] exclude [e.g. navigation laws to exclude foreign vessels from trading in
English ports]; disallow; bar [They seized his passport and barred him from
melarang; tidak memperbolehkan
leaving the country]; debar [e.g. All five men were debarred from entering
France for three years]
[v] cover; include; extend [e.g. My duties at the school extend beyond just
meliputi; mencakup teaching]; embody [e.g. The latest model embodies many new improvements];
embrace [This course embraces several different aspects of psychology]
melucuti senjata [v] disarm [e.g. Getting the rebels to disarm will not be easy]
[v] pay in full [e.g. The debt must be paid in full by 31 January 1998]; retire
melunasi
[Mortgages can be retired either at the end of their term or sooner]
memadai sufficient
memadamkan pemberontakan quell the uprising
memadatkan kalimat undang-undang staffing a legislative sentence
[v] integrate [e.g. The school integrates maths lessons with computer studies;
memadukan; terpadu
Train and bus services have been fully integrated]
[v] make out [e.g. I can scarcely make out his writing; We couldn't make out
memahami/mengerti what they were talking about]; [v] acquaint [e.g. All our employees are fully
acquainted with safety precautions];
memanfaatkan exploit [e.g. People who work at home are more easily exploited by employers]
[v] make maximum use [e.g. We must make maximum use of the
memanfaatkan dengan sebaik-baiknya resources available]; [v] make the most of [e.g. We only have one day
in Paris, so we'd better make the most of it]
[v] put up; post [e.g. The exam results were posted on the bulletin
memasang [pengumuman]
board yesterday]
[v] ensure [e.g. All the necessary steps had been taken to ensure their
safety]; make sure; guarantee; double-check [e.g. We were unable to
memastikan
double-check the costs of the new products before the price list was
printed]
[v] safely assume [e.g. I think we can safely assume that interest rates
memastikan
will go up again soon]
memastikan logika laporan hasil penelitian ensuring the research report's logic
memasuki produksi komersial [v] enter commercial production
memasukkan (kata) melalui acuan incorporation by reference; incorporate [e.g. Our original proposals were
not incorporated in the new legislation]
[v] subsume [e.g. For the purpose of the survey, typists are subsumed
memasukkan [dalam golongan]; mengkategorikan
under office workers]
[v] subsume; include [e.g. The team is looking strong, especially now
memasukkan surat permohonan [v]
theyfilehave
letters of application
included Roscoe; Our tour party included several retired
memasukkan; menyertakan couples]; [v] reckon in [e.g. Have you reckoned in the cost of
memasyarakatkan postage?];
disseminate; incorporate
socialize [e.g. We've incorporated many
environmentally-friendly features into the design of the building]
mematok [v] set standards; peg [The dividend was pegged at 6.1p.]
mematuhi [v] confirm [e.g. You must conform to the rules or leave the school]
[v] discuss; deal with; address [e.g. The article addresses the
problems of diseases connected with malnutrition]; take up [e.g. I'm
membahas; membicarakan [usul; saran]
going to take this matter up with my lawyer]; come up [e.g. Nothing
related to the problems of quality came up during the meeting]
[v] restrict [e.g. The new law restricts the sale of hand guns;
Journalists should restrict themselves to reporting the facts]; restrain
membatasi [e.g. Price rises restrain consumer spending]; infringe on/upon [Some
students argued that the rule infringed on their right to free speech;
Security forces infringe on citizens' privacy rights]
[v] carry [I.e. to take people or things from one place to another. e.g.
membawa
The ship was carrying oil from Kuwait to Japan]
[v] disburse [e.g. Over $25 million has been disbursed from the fund];
membayarkan; melunasi retire [pay off a loan] [Mortgages can be retired either at the end of
their term or sooner]
membebani tanggung jawab kepada pembeli membebani tanggung jawab kepada pembeli
[v] quote [e.g. They quoted us $800 for car repairs]; charge [e.g We
membebani; mengenakan biaya; mengutip biaya won't charge for delivery if you pay now; The restaurant charged us
£40 for the wine]
Memberhentikan; membebastugaskan dismiss [e.g. Will they dismiss Woods for stealing the money?] ; depose
memberi kesaksian/bukti bear witness [e.g. Her latest film bears witness to her versatility as a director]
memberi paraf [v] initial [e.g. You have to initial any corrections on a cheque]
[v] signpost [e.g. You need to signpost the meeting so that all
memberi pengarahan
members have a clear idea of the meeting agenda]
[v] justify [Ministers must appear before parliament and justify their
memberi penjelasan dengan cara yang dapat diterima
actions]
memberi semangat inspire
memberi tahu/kabar [v] advise [e.g. We'll advise you of any changes in the delivery dates]
[v]
[v] give
give;[someone] a lift [e.g.
present; provide; I'll give
make you a liftgrant;
available; back tosupply; put up [I[e.g.
London];concede was
memberi tumpangan
hoping
The kingKenny
finallycould puttome
agreed up for afurther
concede few days]
powers to Parliament; Finally the
company conceded wage increases to their workers] ;render [e.g. an obligation
memberikan to render assistance to those in need; It is unlikely that the court will render an
opinion before November 5; a bill of $3200 for services rendered (=for
memberikan bantuan hukum provide legal assistance
something you have done)]; dispense [e.g. Villagers dispensed tea to people
involved in the accident; a machine for dispensing cash]
[v] lend [one's] support to [e.g. The government has now lent its
support to the campaign]; [be] at somebody's service [My secretary is
memberikan bantuan; membantu
at your service; [be] of service [Can I be of any service?]; [v] do
somebody a service [He did her a service by telling her the truth]
[v] acquaint [e.g. My assistant should be able to acquaint you with all
memberikan informasi [formal]
the details]
memberikan jalan [v] give way [In Britain, give way to cars coming from the right]
memberikan jasa/pelayanan [v] provide services
[v] do [They do interior and exterior design; We don't do food after two
memberikan jasa; menjual
o'clock]
memberikan kepada forfeit to
memberikan kuasa [v] grant authorization
memberikan kuasa dan wewenang penuh pada grant full power and authority to
memberikan kuasa kepada seseorang [v] invest someone with the authority [v]
[v] subcontract [e.g. We will be subcontracting most of the electrical
memberikan pekerjaan/order kepada orang lain
work]
memberikan pendanaan [kepada] [v] provide financing [v]
memberikan pendapat [v] make judgement; opine
reimburse [The company will reimburse you for any costs incurred on the
memberikan penggantian; mengganti [uang]
course]; make resitution
[v] give precedence [over] [He is given precedence over the factory
memberikan prioritas; mendahulukan
worker at the entrance to the club]
[v] draw [something] out [e.g. The final questions drew the meeting out
membuat [sesuatu] berlangsung lebih lama
for another hour]
membuat atau memerintahkan agar dibuatkan make or cause to be made
membuat janji [utk mengerjakan sesuatu/bertemu] [v] make an appointment/arrangement/date
[v] do for someone/something [Working 100 hours a week nearly did
membuat sakit parah [seseorang]; membunuh
for me]
[to run off [e.g. Shall I run off some more of those notices for you on the
membuat salinan [secepatnya]
photocopier?]
[v] personalize [All the products can be personalized to the client's
membuat sesuatu sesuai permintaan seseorang
exact requirements]
membuat suara-suara make noises
membuat suatu kesepakatan conclude an agreement
[v] throw off balance [e.g. The abrupt question threw her off balance
membuat terkejut
and she couldn't reply]
membuat tidak berlaku [v] invalidate
membuat trend; membuat populer [kecenderungan akan [v] set the trend [e.g. Rambo' set the trend for a whole wave of violent
sesuatu] action movies]
[v] persuade; talk into [e.g. We tried very hard but we were unable to
talk the other members of our team into delaying the meeting until next
membujuk week]; woo [The politicians will be wooing the voters before the
election]; lobby [We've been lobbying our state representative to
support the new health plan]
[v] talk out of [e.g. I tried to talk our vice-president out of offering a
membujuk agar tidak melakukan [sesuatu]
price that was too low but he wouldn't listen to me]
membuka open up
membuktikan [v]
[v] prove
substantiate [e.g. Can you substantiate your claim in a court of
membuktikan kebenaran law?]; verify [e.g. The bank will have to verify that you are the owner of
membungkam the property]
[v] silence [e.g. a brilliant new book that silenced her critics]
[v] disunite; sow discord; polarize [The issue has polarized the
memecah belah
country]
memecahkan; memahami atau menjelaskan [v] unravel [e.g. It is difficult to unravel complex human emotions]
[v] examine; verify [e.g. A computer program verifies that the system is
memeriksa
working]; peruse [e.g. to peruse a report]
memeriksa dan mengadili perkara-perkara pelanggaran to investigate and administer justice on cases of violation of human
hak-hak asasi manusia rights
[v] order; detail [Four soldiers were detailed to guard duty]; command;
memerintahkan
instruct; enjoin; bid [bid-bade-bid. E.g. The queen bade us to enter]
memerlukan banyak peningkatan have/has a long way to go [The team has a long way to go]
[v] take time; take some time; take quite some time [This is a very large
memerlukan waktu
file, and may take quite some time to download]
[v] entail [e.g. Changing the computer system would entail substantial periods
memerlukan; mencangkup
of re-training]
memesan tempat [v] make a reservation [e.g. Customers are advised to make seat
reservations well in advance]
memfiatkan approve
memicingkan [v] screw up [e.g. He screwed up his eyes against the bright light]
[v] draw [e.g. The President's remarks drew an angry response from
memicu; mengundang
the Democrats]
memihak [v] take sides [e.g. I was very careful not to take sides in the discussion
regarding the new chemical prices]
memikul tanggung jawab [seseorang] untuk membayar hutang,
hadir di pengadilan, jika pihak yg semestinya lebih bertanggung
[v] stand surety (for sb) [I.e. be responsible for paying a debt, appearing in
jawab berhalangan. court etc if someone else fails to do so]
memimpin perolehan angka lead [noun] The latest polls give the Republicans a lead of 32%]
[v] take the lead in [e.g. Korea has taken the lead in ship-building; The
memimpin; memelopori
Americans have taken the lead in banning nuclear tests]
[v] apologize [e.g. I must apologise for the delay in replying to your
meminta / memohon maaf atas
letter; I owe you an apology for what I said last night - I'm really sorry]
meminta [seseorang untuk melakukan sesuatu]; menugasi [v] commission [e.g. I've been commissioned to write a new play!]
[v] solicit [e.g. The governor sent two officials to Mexico City to solicit
meminta [uang, bantuan, informasi]
aid from the President]
meminta maaf kepada [v] apologize to [e.g. The US has apologized to Britain for the accident]
meminta pelunasan atas utang/pinjaman [v] call in a loan/debt [The bank can call in the loan at any time]
[v] call attention to [e.g. May I call your attention to item seven on the
meminta perhatian [seseorang] agenda]; draw [one's] attention [e.g. I'd like to draw your attention to the no
smoking rule]
meminta perpanjangan waktu seminggu dari kantor pajak request a week's grace of the tax office
[v] request [The prosecution has requested that all charges against
meminta; memohon Hodgkins are dropped; All club members are requested to attend the
annual meeting]
[v] send one's regrets [e.g. My father was ill and had to send his
memohon maaf karena tidak bisa hadir/datang
regrets]
[v] appeal [for something] [The Bosnian government appealed for help
memohon; meminta from Western countries; The police are appealing to the public for
information about the crime]
[v] engage [e.g. His father engaged a private tutor to improve his
mempekerjakan
maths]; employ;
[v] incline takethat
[e.g. I know on [e.g We'rehastily,
you acted takingbutonthat
50 does
new not
staffincline
this year]
me to
forgive you[; have bearing [e.g. Recent market fluctuations have had a direct
mempengaruhi; berpengaruh [terhadap] bearing on company policy]; affect [e.g. a disease that affects the central
memperbaiki; memperbaharui nervous system]; refurbish;
[v] recondition; prejudice do
[There was concern
up [They did upthat
an reports in the in
old cottage media
the
would prejudice the jury]
Scottish Highlands]; modify [e.g. The present law needs to be
modified]
[v] pay attention; take account of [e.g. One must take account of the difficult
memperhatikan circumstances. Taking account of the high overhead, the price is not excessive];
regard [e.g. You must regard the safety regulations]; with due observance of
[v] reprimand [e.g. The military court reprimanded him for failing to do
memperingatkan
his duty]
[v] reckon [The likely cost of the system is reckoned to be about £10,000; Her
memperkirakan personal fortune is reckoned in millions]; estimate [The mechanic estimated
the cost of repairs at $150]
memperkuat [v] consolidate [e.g. His successful negotiations with the Americans helped
him to consolidate his position]
memperlihatkan display
[v] enlarge [e.g. We're planning to enlarge the garden. | Travel
memperluas
enlarges the mind]
[v] draw [e.g. I drew a lot of comfort from her kind words; Plants draw
memperoleh [sesuatu yang penting]
nourishment from the soil]
memperoleh informasi yang bersifat rahasia [be] privy to [e.g. Colby was privy to the committee's decisions]
memperoleh kekuatan hukum tetap [v] obtain permanent legal force
[v] recover [e.g. The company hopes to recover the cost of developing
memperoleh kembali
their new product]
mempunyai arti yang ditentukan dalam perjanjian ini shall have the meanings hereby assigned to them
memulai lagi start afresh; renew [e.g. The naval attack was renewed the next morning]
[v] embark [on/upon] [e.g. In the 1950s China embarked on a major program
memulai; menjalankan
of industrialization]
Memulihkan keamanan dan ketertiban restore security and order
memunculkan [seperti dengan memakai trik sulap] [v] conjure up [e.g. Somehow we have to conjure up another $10,000]
[v] enable [e.g. a policy designed to enable the introduction of flexible working
memungkinkan; memampukan
hours; The loan enabled Jan to buy the house ]
memungut charge
[v] ballot [e.g. The chairman is elected by balloting all the
memungut suara
shareholders]
resolve; decide to; bring in a verdict [The jury brought in a verdict of not
guilty]; iron out [e.g. After reaching an agreement on the contract we spent a
memutuskan few hours ironing out the final details]; rule [e.g. The judge ruled that she
should have custody; The Supreme Court has yet to rule on the case; The
tribunal ruled in her favour]
[v] put [something] to a vote [Let's put it to the vote. All those in favor raise
memutuskan [sesuatu] dengan pemungutan suara
your hands}
[v] detain [e.g. Police detained the terrorists]; hold [e.g. Police are holding two
menahan
men in connection with the jewel robbery]
menahan diri; dilarang; jangan [melakukan sesuatu] refrain from [Please refrain from smoking in this area]
[v] withhold [e.g. I withheld payment until they had completed the work]; defer
menahan; menunda
[e.g. to defer a visit]
mark-up; put up [Most big stores admit they daren't put prices up for fear of
menaikkan harga losing their customers]; jack up [e.g. The steel companies decided to jack up
the price of steel at the beginning of the year]
Menaikkan harga raise prices
menaikkan rata-rata average up >< average down
menakutkan daunt
menakutkan fearsome
menambah [v] augment [e.g. Any surplus was sold to augment their income]; swell [Large
numbers of refugees have swollen the ranks of the unemployed]
menambah anggota build up membership
menampung (tabungan) accommodate (deposits/savings)
menanamkan [ide, prinsip ke dalam pola pikir orang lain] [v] inculcate [e.g. I try to inculcate a sense of responsibility in my children]
menandai [v] herald [e.g. The talks herald a new era in East-West relations]
[v] represent [The red lines on the map represent railways]; indicative
menandakan
[adjective. e.g. This behaviour is indicative of her whole attitude, I'm afraid]
menangani handle
menangani (masalah) address (a problem)
menangguhkan [v] suspend [e.g. The application of the specific provision is suspended]
bear the risk; bear the costs/burden [e.g. As usual, the poorest members of
menanggung resiko/risiko; menanggung biaya
society are bearing the burden of tax increases]
menanyakan tentang [sesuatu] [v] ask about [e.g. Visitors usually ask about the history of the place]
menarik [v] withdraw [the USA's decision to withdraw 40,000 troops from western
Europe; The drug has been withdrawn from the market for further tests; Hughes
had drawn $8000 in cash from a bank in Toronto]; draw down
[v] draw a line [e.g. We have to draw a line between fantasy and
menarik garis pemisah; menarik perbedaan; memisahkan
reality]
[v] appeal to [e.g. Does the idea of working abroad appeal to you?; The
menarik minat bagi
magazine is intended to appeal to working women in their 20s and 30s]
[v] strike [one's] eye [e.g. What strikes your eye at once is her
menarik perhatian [seseorang]
gorgeous red hair]
[v] concern [e.g. More and more people are concerning themselves
menaruh perhatian; menaruh minat
with environmental problems]
menawarkan harga yang lebih rendah [v] underbid
revoke; terminate; dissolve; repeal [e.g. It's high time this grossly unfair law
mencabut
was repealed]
[v] deregulate [e.g. Data communications have largely been
mencabut [peraturan]
deregulated
[v] lift [I.e. to in
digEurope]
up vegetables that grow under the ground: lifting
mencabut [tanaman yang tumbuh di dalam tanah]
potatoes]
mencabut [UU] [v] repeal [laws]
mencabut hak tempat tinggal dispossess
mencabut hak untuk menebus hutang foreclose upon
mencantumkan [v] carry [e.g. These new perfumes carry an `exclusive' tag]
[v] include; indicate [e.g. Please indicate if…]; stipulate; subscribe [e.g.
mencantumkan
Please subscribe your name to the document]
mencapai kata sepakat/kesepakatan; menerima pendapat [v] accommodate [e.g. we are pleased to accommodate you in this
[seseorang]; mengakomodasi manner]
[v] make headway [e.g. We have been bargaining hard all week and are
mencapai kemajuan
finally making headway in reaching a new agreement]
[v] cut a deal [e.g. We were able to cut a deal and left the meeting in a
positive mood]; come to terms on [e.g. After negotiating all night the
mencapai kesepakatan government and the company came to terms on a new arrangement for sharing
the costs of the water system]; strike a bargain [Management and unions
have struck a bargain over wage increases]
mencari jalan keluar [atas situasi yang salah/tidak adil] [v] redress [e.g. redressing the racial inequalities of society today]
mencarter; menyewa [v] charter [e.g. The company will charter six buses for the picnic]
mencedeer assign
[v] restrain [e.g. I had to restrain her from running out into the street
mencegah
after him]
denigrate; defame; malign; slander [to say false things about someone in
mencemarkan nama orang lain/memfitnah
order to damage other people's good opinion of them]
mendadak surprise [e.g. Naomi paid a surprise visit to her old school in London]
[v] preface [e.g. I'd like to preface my remarks by saying a little about
mendahului; memulai terlebih dahulu
myself]
[v] overtake [e.g. By 1970 the Americans had overtaken the Russians
mendahului; menyusul in space technology]; pre-empt [e.g. I didn't want to pre-empt what you
were about to say]
[v] indict [I.e. officially charge someone with a criminal offence. e.g. He
mendakwa
was indicted for fraud before a grand jury];
mendalilkan argue
mendamaikan [v] conciliate [efforts to conciliate the unions]
mendamaikan pertengkaran diantara dua pihak accommodate disagreement between two parties
mendapat ganjaran [v] carry [e.g. Rape carries the death penalty here]
[be] privilaged [e.g. Francis felt privileged to work for such a man; Recently I
mendapat kehormatan
was privileged to view his private collection]+C4952
mendapat warisan [v] inherit [e.g. She inherited the land from her grandfather; We inherited the
furniture from the previous tenants]
claim on the insurance [e.g. You can claim on the insurance if you have an
mendapatkan asuransi
accident while on vacation]
[v] redeem [I was finally able to redeem my watch from the pawnbrokers;
mendapatkan kembali; dapat ditukar [dengan uang] Bonus shares can be redeemed until 31st July; Redeem this coupon for 20p off
your next jar of coffee]
mendapatkan keuntungan / manfaat [v] gain {e.g. It was the better-educated women who gained most from this
expansion of opportunities]
mendapatkan, menagih dan memelihara procure, collect and maintain
[v] predicate [e.g. The company's decision to take on more staff was
mendasarkan
predicated on the belief that the recession was over]
mendatang upcoming
[adj] extreme; urgent [The report called for urgent action to reduce lead in
mendesak petrol]; [v] urge [ I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch; He urged
that a referendum should be held by December]
mendirikan sesuatu dengan posisi tegak [v] stand/place something on end [He stood the box on end to open it]
mendorong; memacu [v] stimulate [e.g. inspiring teacher can stimulate students to succeed]
menenangkan; mengurangi allay [His reassurances did little to allay their fears for Robert's safety]
[v] determine [The amount of available water determines the number
menentukan of houses that can be built; How hard the swimmers work now will
menentukan sebelumnya determine how they
[v] predetermine [e.g.perform in the Olympics]
a predetermined location]
menentukan syarat-syarat set/impose conditions
[v] throw; shed; cast light [I.e. to provide new information that makes a
menerangkan; menjelaskan difficult subject or problem easier to understand. e.g. These
discoveries may throw some new light on the origins of the universe]
menerima dengan senang hati; menyambut gembira [v] welcome [We would welcome any advice or suggestions with open
arms; Economists have welcomed the decision to raise interest rates]
menerima sesuatu begitu saja at face value [e.g. You shouldn't always take his remarks at face value]
Meneruskan secepatnya aplikasi investasi dimaksud disertai to pass as quickly as possible the said investment applications along with
saran dan pertimbangan kepada Kantor Menteri Negara suggestions and consideration to the Office of the State Minister for
Investasi/Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal Investments/Investment Coordinating Agency
[v] determine [The aim of the inquiry was to determine what had caused the
accident]; provide [the law provides that...]; stipulate; define [e.g. The
menetapkan powers of the President are clearly defined in the Constitution] ; lay down [e.g.
The regulations lay down a rigid procedure for checking safety equipment ];
pitch [e.g. Prices for the new hatchbacks are pitched very competitively ]
menetapkan target produksi batu bara sebesar [v] set coal production targets of
menetapkan undang-undang pass a law
[v] disregard [e.g. The judge ordered the jury to disregard the witness's last
mengabaikan; mengesampingkan statement]; exclude [e.g. We're not trying to exclude her, it's just that we have
nothing in common with her]
[v] herald [e.g. She has been heralded as one of the country's finest
mengabarkan; menggembargemborkan
musicians]
[v] serve [e.g. And let's not forget the women who served their country in the
mengabdi
war]
mengabulkan permohonan grant the request
mengaburkan pokok persoalan [v] confuse the issue
mengacaukan clutter up
mengacu refer to
mengacu; menyebut [sesuatu yang berkaitan dengan apa [v] reference [e.g. The book does not reference anything written in the
yang dibicarakan/tulis] last 10 years]
mengadakan [v] conduct; transact [e.g. Most deals are transacted over the phone]
[v] file [e.g. Mr Genoa filed a formal complaint against the department; [+ for]:
The Morrisons have filed for divorce] ; bring forward [The government has
mengajukan
brought forward new proposals to tackle the problem of increasing crime] ; table
[Dr Clark tabled a motion for debate at next month's committee meeting ]
mengajukan jawaban, tangkisan dan pembelaan lainnya [v] put in replies, pleas and other defences
mengalah yielding [She is too yielding when clients make demands on her time]
[be] impaired [e.g. A special device for viewers with impaired hearing. |
TV reception may be impaired in some areas; help for visually
mengalami gangguan
impaired children | old people who are mentally impaired | special
equipment for the hearing impaired]
mengandalkan [v] rely on [e.g. Tim always relies on his wife for advice on clothes]
mengandung hinaan; menghina derogatory [e.g. Many gay men still regard `queer' as a very derogatory term]
mengandung; meliputi [v] entail [e.g. The investment entailed a high risk]
[to hoist [e.g. The sailors hoisted the cargo onto the deck. | hoist the flag]; put
mengangkat
up [I put up my hand and asked to leave the room]
mengangkat [seseorang utk jabatan tertentu] [v] make [e.g. She's now been made a full partner]
menganiaya [v] mistreat
menganjurkan agar berhati-hati [dalam] [v] counsel caution [in]
menganjurkan; menyokong [v] advocate; encourage
mengarah kepada [sesuatu yang buruk] [v] portend [e.g. strange events that portend disaster]
mengaruniai imbue
mengatakan dengan cara lain [v] rephrase
mengatakan yang sebenarnya voir dire [French. In English: to speak the truth]
mengatur sebelumnya [pemilu, pertandingan - dengan [v] fix [e.g. The fight must have been fixed. Nobody goes down that
memakai kecurangan] easily!; The election was a fix!]
[v] arrange [e.g. The children were arranged in lines according to height] ; set
mengatur; mempersiapkan up [e.g. I'll set up an appointment for you; There was a lot of work involved in
setting up the festival]
[v] fix [time, day, place] [e.g. Have you fixed a date for the wedding
mengatur; memutuskan [jam, hari, tanggal]
yet?]
mengawasi [v] oversee [e.g. A team leader was appointed to oversee the project]
mengenai hal tersebut on that account [e.g. There needn't be any more worries on that account]
in respect of; with respect to; considering; concerning; in connection with; with
reference to; regarding; respecting; about; with regard to; in regard to; as to;
mengenai; sehubungan dengan pertaining to; in relation to; over [There is concern over the bad image of the
legal profession
mengerahkan [tentara, peralatan militer] [v] deploy [e.g. They decided it was time to deploy more troops]
[v] read between the lines [e.g. The salesman didn't say exactly that he had
mengetahui yang tersirat no products available but we could read between the lines to see that he didn't
have any]
menggabungkan bunching
menggagalkan [v] abort
menggalakkan [v] boost [to boost exports]
mengganti [v] change; move [e.g. Could we move the meeting to Thursday?]
[v] replace; sub [Roy's subbing for Chris in tonight's game]; take the place
menggantikan [e.g. Electric trains have now taken the place of steam ones]; supersede [e.g.
Television superseded radio in the Fifties]
menggantung / terkatung-katung tanpa kepastian [v] hang in the balance [e.g. Meanwhile the fate of the refugees
continues to hang in the balance]
menggemparkan egregious
menggenangi watering
menggerakkan pelaksanaan trigger the conduct
[v] browbeat [-browbeat-browbeaten. e.g. The witness was being
menggertak; menakut-nakuti; mengancam
browbeaten under cross-examination]
menggiatkan kembali reactivate
menggolongkan characterize; subsume
menggolongkan classify; categorize
[v] make a claim; put in a claim [e.g. They put in a claim on the insurance
menggugat [untuk mendapatkan uang]
for the stolen luggage]
[v] draw on [e.g. I had to draw on my savings to pay for the repairs; It
menggunakan
was a challenge but luckily we had the expertise to draw on]
[v] inhibit [e.g. Failure to set up a good transport network inhibited the
menghambat; menyebabkan [seseorang] enggan expansion of trade; Being too critical may inhibit a child from asking
you things he needs to know]
menghanguskan burn
menghapus expunge [I.e. to remove a name from a list, piece of information, or book]
write off [e.g. It was impossible for the bank to collect the money so they were
menghapuskan
forced to write off the loan]
[v] anticipate [e.g. It is anticipated that next year interest rates will fall];
mengharapkan expect; suppose [e.g. The company's plan supposes a steady
increase in orders]
menghargai respect
mengharuskan [untuk melakukan suatu pekerjaan] [v] entail [e.g. My job entailed being on call 24 hours a day]
menghasilkan [v] produce; turn out [The factory turns out 300 units a day]
[v] bear fruit [e.g. Our careful investments were finally bearing fruit];
menghasilkan [keuntungan] turn over [e.g. Within ten years the theme park was turning over £20
million]
menghasilkan keuntungan [v] return [e.g. Government bonds return around 10%]
menghasilkan pendapatan income earning
mengheningkan cipta [v] observe a one-minute silence
menghentikan [v] stop; stem [A tight bandage should stem the bleeding] ; call off [e.g. The
meeting was called off because everybody was busy dealing with urgent
business]; desist [e.g. You are ordered to desist from such behaviour] ; cease
[e.g. The company ceased trading at 6 pm today. | It rained all day without
ceasing]; dismiss [e.g. The case was dismissed owing to lack of evidence ]
[v] cut one's losses [e.g. We should sell the old machinery as soon as
menghentikan berlanjutnya kerugian
possible and try and cut our losses]
[v] stay an order/ruling/execution etc [if a judge stays an order, ruling etc,
menghentikan keputusan/perintah, dll they stop a particular decision from being used or a particular action from
happening]
menghitung; dihitung [jumlahnya] [to/to be] reckon[ed] [e.g. My pay is reckoned from the first of the month]
in view of; considering; taking into account; bearing in mind; given [e.g.
mengingat
Given that there was so little time, I think they've done a good job]
mengingkari; menyangkal disavow [e.g. He later disavowed any connection with the burglary]
mengirim deliver
mengirim peralatan yang terlindung protective relaying of equipment
mengirimkan tagihan [v] bill [e.g. Clients will be billed monthly]
[v] take up [The little time I had outside of school was taken up with
mengisi
work]
mengisi bahan bakar [v] fuel; fuel up [It's amazing that some planes can fuel up in mid air]
[v] censure [e.g. The inspector was officially censured for his handling
mengkritik; mengecam of the demonstration]; judge [e.g. What right have you to judge the
way they live?]
mengosongkan [v] vacate [e.g. Guests must vacate their rooms by 11:00.]
[v] control [The Democrats continued to control the Senate until last
menguasai year; a huge company controlling half the world's coffee trade]; take
charge of; hold [e.g. The French army held the town for three days]
menguasakan endorse
menguat kembali bounce back
menguatkan confirm; affirm
[v] corroborate [We now have new evidence to corroborate the
menguatkan bukti
defendant's story]
[v] amend; revamp [e.g. They've revamped the whole exam system] ; distort
[e.g. The journalist was accused of distorting the facts]; overturn [e.g. The
mengubah; merubah
decision was finally overturned by the Supreme Court last year] ; reverse [e.g.
The court of appeal reversed the original verdict and set the prisoner free]
[v] bring up [e.g. I tried hard not to bring up the subject of sales
mengungkit-ungkit; menyinggung
commissions during the meeting]
[v] reduce; impair [e.g. Do not boil the sauce as this can impair the flavor];
allay; cut back on [e.g. The company has been cutting back on entertainment
mengurangi expenses for over a year now]; mitigate [e.g. to mitigate the effects of past
mining by aggressively pursuing reclamation of abandoned coal mines] ;
lessen; alleviate
[v] condemn [e.g. Politicians were quick to condemn the bombing; She
mengutuk; menyalahkan
knew that society would condemn her for leaving her children]
meniadakan obviate [e.g. The new treatment obviates the need for surgery]
menilai assess; appraise
menimbang considering
menimbulkan kemarahan [seseorang] incur [one's] anger
contentious [e.g. Animal welfare did not become a contentious issue until the
menimbulkan perdebatan
late 1970s]
[v] give rise to [e.g. The President's absence has given rise to
menimbulkan; menjadi dasar munculnya
speculation about his health]
menimbun [v] hoard [I.e. to collect and save large amounts of food, money, etc]
menindaklanjuti further to
menindas repressive
meninggalkan jabatan [v] vacate [e.g. John will vacate the position on June 19]
[v] appreciate [e.g. Most investments are expected to appreciate at a
meningkat
steady rate] >< depreciate
[v] quadruple [Food prices quadrupled during the war; The company
meningkat empat kali lipat
has quadrupled its profits in just three years]
[v] edge up [e.g. Prices have been static for months, but are now
meningkat secara perlahan-lahan
beginning to edge up]
meningkatkan enhance; expand; escalate; increase
Meningkatkan kegiatan promosi investasi to intensify activities to promote investments
[v] deceive [e.g. You deceived me, and I can't forgive you; They deceived the
menipu old man into signing the papers ]; defraud [e.g. She defrauded her employers
of thousands of pounds]
menjabat; memulai tugas assume [control, responsibility, power [e.g. The President assumes his
new responsibilities in January]
menjadi bagian [dari suatu kelompok] [v] assimilate [e.g. women being assimilated into the workforce]
menjadi lebih ramah/hangat [v] thaw [e.g. After a few glasses of wine Robert began to thaw a little]
menjadi penengah; menengahi [v] mediate [e.g. The court was set up to mediate civil disputes]
go public [e.g. The stock of the Internet company rose very quickly when they
menjadi perusahaan umum
went public]
menjadi tanggungan X will be for the account of X
[v] keep [something] confidential [e.g. Doctors are required to keep
menjaga kerahasiaan; menyimpan rahasia; merahasiakan
patients' records completely confidential]
menjalani jabatan hold position; hold office
menjalankan perform; deliver; carry out
menjalankan keadilan administer justice
menjalankan perbuatan-perbuatan perform any acts
menjalankan perseroan carrying out the Company's activities; interests and objectives
menjalankan pertambangan batu bara [v] operate coal mine
[v] guarantee; underwite [e.g. The government has agreed to underwrite the
menjamin
project with a grant of £5 million]
menjamin kebebasan, membina kerukunan, dan melindungi
to guarantee freedom, develop harmony, and protect all religious communities
semua umat beragama untuk menjalankan ibadah sesuai dengan
to perform their religious service based on the religion and faith they profess
agama dan kepercayaan yang dianutnya
menjual [v] carry [e.g. Sportstation carries a good range of sports equipment]
menjualbelikan; memperjualbelikan [illegal] [v] traffic in [e.g. Benny was found guilty of trafficking in drugs]
menjualkan trade-off
menjunjung tinggi uphold
menolak decide against; go back on [e.g. The company went back on their word to
menolak give hukemployees a salary increase' ; turn thumbs down on [e.g. The other
ftan the
negotiating team turned thumbs down on our wish to postpone the meeting until
menolak berkomentar mengenai masalah tersebut refuse to comment
tomorrow]; dishonouron thatUnion
[e.g. matter
leaders accused management of
dishonouring
menonaktifkan [v] deactivateexisting pay agreements]
mensomasi [v] subpoena [We will subpoena him to give evidence]
Menag Menteri Agama Minister of Religious Affairs MORA
Mendagri Menteri Dalam Negeri Minister of Home Affairs MOHA
Menteri Dalam Negeri dan Otonomi Daerah Minister of Home Affairs and Regional Autonomy
Menteri Eksplorasi Laut dan Perikanan Minister of Maritime Exploration and Fisheries
Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources
MenHAM Menteri Hak Asasi Manusia Minister of Human Rights Affairs MOEM
Menhukum Menteri Hukum dan Perundang-undangan Minister of Law and Legislation
Meninves/BUMN Menteri Investment dan Pengembangan BUMN Minister of Investment and State Enterprise Development MOLL
Menteri Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Minister of Culture and Tourism
Menkeh Menteri Kehakiman Minister of Justice MOCT
MenkehHAM Menteri Kehakiman dan Hak Asasi Manusia Minister of Justice and Human Rights MOJ
Menteri Kehutanan Minister of Forestry
Menhutbun Menteri Kehutanan dan Perkebunan Minister of Forestry and Plantations
Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries
Men-
Menteri Kemasyarakatan Minister of Social Affairs MOMA
Kemasyarakatan
Menteri Kepala Chief Minister
Minister of Population/ Chairman of the National Family Planning
Menteri Kependudukan/ Ketua BKKBN
Board (BKKBN)
Menkes Menteri Kesehatan Minister of Health MOH
Menteri Kesehatan dan Kesejahteraan Sosial Minister of Health and Social Welfare
Menaker Menteri Ketenagakerjaan Minister of Manpower
Menkeu Menteri Keuangan Minister of Finance MOF
Menteri Koordinator Bidang Politik, Sosial dan Keamanan Coordinating Minister for Political, Social and Security Affairs CME
Menteri Koordinator Industri dan Perdagangan Coordinating Minister for Industry and Trade CMP
Menteri Koordinator Kompartemen Coordinating Minister for Compartments
Menteri Koordinator Sosial, Politik dan Pertahanan Coordinating Minister for Social Political Affairs and Defense
Menkop Menteri Koperasi Minister of Cooperatives
Menteri Koperasi dan Pembinaan Usaha Kecil Minister of Cooperatives and Small Enterprises Development
Menteri Negara Kependudukan dan Lingkungan Hidup State Minister for Environmental and Population Affairs
Menteri Negara Kependudukan/ Kepala Badan Koordinasi State Minister for Population Affairs/ Chairman of the National Family
Keluarga Berencana Nasional (BKKBN) Planning Coordinating Board
Meneg Kominfo Menteri Negara Komunikasi dan Informasi State Minister for Communications and Information
Menteri Negara Koordinator Bidang Ekonomi, Keuangan
Menko Ekuin Coordinating State Minister for the Economy, Finance and Industry
dan Industri
Menteri Negara Koordinator Bidang Ekonomi, Keuangan Coordinating State Minister for the Economy, Finance and
dan Pengawasan Pembangunan Development Supervision
Meneg Koperasi dan Menteri Negara Koperasi dan Pengusaha Kecil dan State Minister for Cooperatives and Small- and Medium-Scale
PKM Menengah Entrepreneurs
Menteri Negara Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil Menengah State Minister for Cooperatives, Small and Medium Enterprises
Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup State Minister for the Environment SME
Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup/Kepala Badan Pengendalian State Minister for the Environment/Chairman of the Agency for the Control of
Meneg LH Dampak Lingkungan Environmental Impacts
Meneg Maskat Menteri Negara Masalah-masalah Kemasyarakatan State Minister for Social Affairs
Meneg Otda Menteri Negara Otonomi Daerah State Minister for Regional Autonomy
Menpangan Menteri Negara Pangan dan Hortikultura State Minister for Food and Horticulture
Meneg Parseni Menteri Negara Pariwisata dan Kesenian State Minister for Tourism and Arts
Meneg PU Menteri Negara Pekerjaan Umum State Minister for Public Works
Menteri Negara Pemberdayaan Perempuan State Minister for Women’s Empowerment SMWE
State Minister for Women’s Empowerment/ Chairwoman of the National Family
Menteri Negara Pemberdayaan Perempuan/Ketua BKKBN
Planning Board
Meneg PORA Menteri Negara Pemuda dan Olahraga State Minister for Youth and Sport
Menteri Negara Penanaman Modal dan Pembinaan Badan Usaha
State Minister for Investment and State-owned Enterprise Development
Milik Negara
Meneg PAN Menteri Negara Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara State Minister for Administrative Reforms SMAR
Menteri Negara Pendayagunaan Badan Usaha Milik State Minister for the Empowerment of State-Owned Enterprises/Chairman of
Negara/Kepala Badan Pengelolaan Badan Usaha Milik Negara the Board of Management of State-Owned Enterprises
Menteri Negara Percepatan Pembangunan KTI State Minister for Acceleration of Development in Eastern Indonesia
Menteri Negara Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional/Kepala State Minister for National Development Planning/Chairman of the National
Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional (Bappenas) Development Planning Board
Menteri Negara Perencanaan Pembangunan/Bappenas State Minister for National Development Planning/Chairman of Bappenas
Menteri Negara Perumahan dan Permukiman State Minister of Housing and Settlement
Meneg Ristek Menteri Negara Riset dan Teknologi State Minister for Research and Technology SMRT
Menteri Negara Riset dan Teknologi/Kepala Badan State Minister for Research and Technology/Chairman of the Agency
Menristek
Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT) for the Application and Assessment of Technology
Menteri Permukiman dan Pengembangan Wilayah Minister of Settlement and Regional Development MOIT
Menteri Permukiman dan Prasarana Wilayah Minister of Resettlement and Regional Infrastructure
Menhan Menteri Pertahanan Minister of Defense
Menhankam Menteri Pertahanan dan Keamanan Minister of Defense and Security
Mentamben Menteri Pertambangan dan Energi Minister of Mines and Energy
Mentan Menteri Pertanian Minister of Agriculture MOA
Menteri Pertanian dan Kehutanan Minister of Agriculture and Forestry
Menteri Perumahan Rakyat Minister of Public Housing
Menristek Menteri Riset and Teknologi Minister of Research and Technology
Menteri Sekretaris Kabinet Minister Cabinet Secretary
Mensesneg Menteri Sekretaris Negara Minister of State/State Secretary; Minister/State Secretary
Mensos Menteri Sosial Minister of Social Affairs
Menteri Urusan Agraria/Kepala BPN Minister for Agrarian Affairs/Head of the National Land Agency
Menteri Urusan Penertiban Bank dan Modal Swasta Minister of Private Bank Structuring And Private Capital Affairs
Menteri-menteri itu memimpin departemen pemerintah These Ministers shall head the government departments.
[v] condone [e.g. I cannot condone the use of violence under any
mentolerir
circumstances]
menu manasuka a la carte
menugaskan [v] assign [e.g. Jan's been assigned to the Asian Affairs Bureau]
[v] infect [e.g. People with the virus may feel perfectly well, but they
menulari [penyakit/hal lain] can still infect others; Lucy's enthusiasm soon infected the rest of the
class]
[v] delay [e.g. Don't delay claiming or you may lose benefit]; carry over
menunda [e.g. We were forced to carry over the sale to the Monday after the
national holiday]
[v] manifest [e.g. They have so far manifested a total indifference to our
menunjukkan [perasaan; tingkah laku] concerns]; exhibit signs/symptons/behaviour, etc [a patient who is
exhibiting classic symptoms of mental illness]
[v] prosecute [I.e. to officially say that someone is guilty of a crime and must
menuntut be judged by a court of law. e.g. Shoplifters will be prosecuted ]; lay claim to;
press charges [e.g. Police are often reluctant to press charges in such cases]
menurut orang banyak by/from all accounts [e.g. It's a very exciting film by all accounts]
menurut perhitungan [seseorang] by [one's] reckoning [e.g. By my reckoning it must be 60 km from here to the
coast]
menurut persetujuan as per agreement
menurut teori in the abstract
[v] give way [Despite growing pressure, the Minister of State refused
menuruti kemauan pihak lain
to give way]
menuruti peraturan menurut isinya; dengan tepat following the rules to the letter
[v] conclude [e.g. contract]; wind up [e.g. OK, just to wind up, could I
menutup
summarize what we've decided?]
menutup foreclose upon [e.g. company debt]
[v] close the books; stop taking orders; end a bookkeeping period [e.g.
menutup buku
They usually close the books at the end of February every year]
[v] recoup [e.g. Finance companies have managed to recoup some of the
menutup kerugian losses they made during the recession ]; offset [all of the deposit will be
retained to offset the agent's cost, time, and effort in processing my application]
menutupi [v] draw a veil [I'd rather draw a veil over what happened last night]
[v] catch on [It was a long time before the police caught on to what he
was really doing]; [be] aware of [Most smokers are perfectly aware of
menyadari
the dangers of smoking]; wise up to [Consumers need to wise up to
the effect that advertising has on them]
[v] disprove [e.g. She was able to quote figures that disproved Smith's
menyanggah
argument]; refute [e.g. She refuted the allegations of malpractice]
[v] argue [with]; gainsay [e.g. It may be very difficult to gainsay the
menyangkal
claim]; refute [e.g. an attempt to refute Moore's theories]
[v] propose; move [e.g. They want to move an amendment to the bill;
menyarankan; mengusulkan
The chairman moves that the meeting be adjourned]
declare; state; clarify; affirm; certify [e.g. Sign here to certify that this
menyatakan
statement is correct]
menyatakan rule; determine; judge
menyebabkan/menciptakan kekacauan [v] create havoc [e.g. The Wall Street Crash created havoc and ruin;
Terrorist is a restricted number of radical people that use the
opportunity to create havoc]
menyebarkan [penyakit] [v] carry [e.g. Many serious diseases are carried by insects]
menyediakan; menjual [v] supply; purvey [DJ Dominic purveys a unique brand of music]
[v] balance [e.g. Exports must go down to balance decreased imports];
menyeimbangkan [masalah yang bertentangan] strike a balance [e.g. We need to strike a balance between the needs
[v] screw
of the [e.g. Screw
community andthe
thesocket into
rights of thethe wall; Don't forget to screw the
individual]
menyekrup; mengencangkan
cap back onto the toothpaste]
menyelenggarakan (rapat) organize; hold (a meeting); convene (a meeting)
[v] settle; dispose of [e.g. to dispose of the problem quickly]; carry
menyelesaikan [v] tie up[e.g.
the loose ends [(=complete something,
through I'm determined to carry this through]or deal with any
menyelesaikan bagian yang belum lengkap remaining problems): It's a good report but there are still a few loose
ends to be tied up]
[v] probe [e.g. report probing the official's involvement with drug
menyelidiki
dealing; report probing the official's involvement with drug dealing]
[v] go over [something] with a fine-tooth comb [The police went over
menyelidiki [sesuatu] dengan teliti dan menyeluruh
the scene of the crime with a fine-tooth comb]
menyeluruh comprehensive
menyemarakkan cheer up; brighten
menyematkan [v] fasten (to); pin; attach
menyembunyikan informasi withhold information
[v] assign a task [e.g. I've been assigned the task of looking after the
menyerahi tugas
new students]
menyerukan [v] call for [Human Rights groups are calling for the release of political
prisoners]
menyerupai; mirip akin [The language is closely akin to Arabic]
[v] regret [e.g. The management regrets any inconvenience caused to
menyesalkan
its customers]
menyesatkan misleading
[v] adjust [e.g. Adjusting to the tropical heat was more difficult than
menyesuaikan
they had expected]
[v] tailor [e.g. We can tailor the insurance policy according to your
menyesuaikan [dengan kebutuhan]
family's needs]
menyesuaikan diri attune
menyesuaikan diri (dengan kebudayaan) acculturate
[v] remit [Please remit payment by cheque]; deposit [she deposited her
menyetorkan money in the bank]; make a deposit [I'd like to make a deposit (=pay some
money) into my savings account]
[v] sanction [e.g. The church refused to sanction the king's second marriage];
menyetujui [formal] assent; [be] well/favourably/kindly disposed to [Management is favourably
disposed to the idea of job-sharing]
[v] approve; give one the greenlight [e.g. Our boss gave us the green light
to begin work on the new sales promotion] ; concur [e.g. The judge stated that
menyetujui; memberikan ijin; mengizinkan he concurred with the ruling]; accede [e.g The government would not accede
to public pressure]; consent [v] [e.g. Her father reluctantly consented to the
marriage]
[v] busy one's self [e.g. He busied himself with answering letters] ; keep
menyibukkan diri
[one's self] busy [e.g. I kept myself busy to take my mind off smoking]
[v] retain [e.g. A copy of the invoice should be retained by the Accounts
menyimpan Department]; hold [e.g. Our computer holds all the records of births and deaths
in Britain since 1950]
[v] retain [e.g. a heavy soil that retains water; The landlord retained the
menyimpan; menahan
security deposit]
[v] draw a conclusion [e.g. From these facts we can draw some conclusions
menyimpulkan; menarik kesimpulan about how the pyramids were built; It would be unwise to draw firm conclusions
from the results of a single survey]
menyindir [secara tidak langsung] [v] insinuate [e.g. Are you insinuating that the money was stolen?]
[v] dispel [e.g. The film aims to dispel the notion that AIDS only affects gay
menyingkirkan; menolak
men]
[v] imply [The high level of radiation in the rocks implies that they are volcanic
menyiratkan; menunjukkan
in origin]
menyisakan [v] hold [e.g. They're holding a table for us]
menyisihkan [waktu] [v] assign [e.g. How much time have you assigned for the meeting?]
[v] contract [e.g. Metal contracts as it becomes cool; The economy continues
menyusut; mengalami penyusutan; merosot
to contract, raising fears of further political problems]
meralat [kesalahan] [v] rectify [a mistake] [e.g. Please rectify the mistake at once]
merasakan [v] perceive [e.g. The past is often perceived to be better than the present; Jill
could just perceive that someone was inside the house]
in the red [e.g. The company began to go in the red when the price of oil
merugi
began to rise rapidly]
damaging; harmful [v]; against [The planning regulations tend to work
merugikan
against smaller companies]
merugikan pemegang saham incur losses to the shareholders
merujuk referring to
merujuk kepada apply to; refer to
[v] pervert [e.g. TV sex and violence perverts the minds of young
merusak [moral]
children]
mesin machinery [The use of heavy machinery has damaged the site]
meskipun demikian; bagaimanapun though [e.g. Two heart attacks in a year. It hasn't stopped him smoking though]
meskipun hal/tindakan yang dilakukan kurang against [one's] better judgement [e.g. I lent him the money, against my
sesuai/tepat better judgment]
meskipun terdapat ketentuan lainnya yang menetapkan
sebaliknya,
anything contained herein to the contrary notwithstanding,
nonetheless [e.g. These islands are not a popular holiday destination, but are
meskipun; namun demikian; sungguhpun demikian worth considering nonetheless], nevertheless; even then [They invested in
new machinery and equipment, but even then the business was still losing
money]
mesti; harus necessarily [e.g Expensive restaurants are not necessarily the best]
meyakinkan conclusive [e.g. The investigation failed to provide any conclusive evidence]
minuta akta ini telah ditandatangani dengan sempurna the original of this deed was duly signed
cargo [A ship carrying a cargo of oil has run aground]; baggage; burden,
consignment [a large consignment of clothes], contents, freight, goods,
muatan
haul, lading, load, merchandise, payload, shipload [Several shiploads of
grain arrived in the harbor that day] , shipment
[v] come into effect; become effective; come/go into operation [e.g. The
mulai berlaku Act will come into operation later this year]; come into force [e.g. The new law
on drink-driving comes into force next month]
multipel multiple
mundur back off
mungkin likely (to)
mungkin tidak as likely as not
mur kontra back nut
murabahah; dana tarik [?] refinancing
musim panen harvest time [every year at harvest time]
musyawarah consultation; deliberation; discussion
musyawarah untuk mufakat deliberation to reach a consensus; mutual consensus
mutasi transfer; mutation; replacement
mutlak unanimous [resolution]; absolute [right]
N.V. Incorporation
naik banding [untuk merubah suatu keputusan] [v] appeal [If you are not satisfied, you can appeal]
naik kereta yang belakangan take a later train
[v] surge [Oil prices surged]; well up; raise; move up [e.g. Share prices
naik; mengalami kenaikan
moved up this month]
naik; meningkat kembali rebound [Share prices rebounded today after last week's losses]
nama samaran assumed name [e.g. He registered at the hotel under an assumed name]
nama singkat initial [e.g. His initials are DPH: they stand for David Perry Hallworth]
Negara berdasar atas Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa The State shall be based upon the belief in the One and Only God.
nilai aktiva bersih reksa dana [Nilai pasar yang wajar dan net asset value
kekayaan lain dari Reksa Dana dikurangi seluruh kewajibannya]
nilai bersih sekarang; nilai kini bersih [Selisih antara nilai kini net present value
arus dana dengan biaya investasi]
nilai buku [nilai asli/standar] [Nilai buku perusahaan dihitung
dari total asset dikurangi harta tidak terwujud, dikurangi utang book value; net book value NAV
dan nilai nominal dari saham preferen]
NDPBM Nilai Dasar Perhitungan Bea Masuk Basic Value for Calculating Import Duty
NEM Nilai Ebtanas Murni grade point average from final school exams
nilai imbal jasa transfer pricing
nilai intrinsik; nilai sebenarnya [jumlah di mana harga waran intrinsic value [The amount by which the price of a warrant or call option
atau opsi panggil melebihi harga yang dapat dijalankan oleh
exceeds the price at which the warrant or option may be exercised]
waran atau opsi paggil tersebut]
nilai pasar yang wajar [Nilai suatu efek dengan harga jual yang fair market value; market value
wajar sesuai kriteria dan ditentukan oleh Ketua Bapepam]
novasi [penggantian hutang/kewajiban yang lama dengan yang novation [(1) the substitution of a new debt or obligation for a previous one. (2)
baru] the substitution of a new creditor or debtor for an old creditor or debtor]
obligasi abadi [Obligasi yang dilunasi dalam jumlah yang sama annuity bond
setiap tahun sampai batas waktur tertentu]
obligasi atas unjuk [Obligasi yang pelunasannya dan bunganya bearer bond [A bond that does not have the owner's name registered on the
books of the issuing agency or company, and is payable to whomever holds the
dibayarkan kepada pembawa obligasi tersebut]
bond and bears it to the issuer for payment]
obligasi bagi hasil [Obligasi yang selain memberikan bunga
tertentu juga turut menerima dari laba perusahaan yang profit sharing bond
menerbitkan obligasi tersebut]
obligasi berseri [Obligasi yang diterbitkan pada waktu yang serial bond
sama tetapi dengan hari tunai dan bunga yang berbeda]
obligasi jaminan induk [Obligasi yang mempunyai lebih dari joint bond
satu perusahaan untuk menjamin pelunasannya]
obligasi jangka panjang [Obligasi yang jatuh temponya lebih long bond
dari 10 tahun]
ex parte [I.e. it refers to those proceedings where one of the parties has not
oleh dan untuk satu pihak
received notice and, therefore, is neither present nor represented]
oleh karena itu untuk dan atas nama as such for and on behalf of
OLEH KARENA ITU, dengan ditandatanganinya Keputusan ini,
NOW, THEREFORE, by the signing of this Resolution, we, the Shareholders,
kami, para Pemegang Saham, secara bulat memutuskan dan
hereby unanimously resolve and agree the following
menyetujui hal-hal sebagai berikut
oleh karenanya bertindak untuk dan atas nama therefore acting for and on behalf of
oleh pihak terkait by whom it may concern
oligarki [pemerintahan/kekuasaan yang dipegang oleh oligarchy [I.e. government or control by a small group of people]
kelompok kecil]
charitable trust; charity [e.g. Several charities sent aid to the flood victims; All
organisasi amal; badan amal
the money raised by the concert will go to charity]
at the very last moment; under the wire [e.g. We were able to finish the
pada saat-saat terakhir
necessary documents and send them off to the lawyers right under the wire]
[adj] any/a given… [On any given day in the Houston area, half the hospital
pada suatu waktu/keadaan tertentu
beds are empty; The rules are to be followed in any given situation]
Pada surat saham sekurangnya harus dicantumkan On each share certificate at least the following items shall be indicated
pada tanggal dan tempat yang telah disetujui oleh at such other time and place upon which the Company and the
Perseroan dan Pembeli Purchaser shall agree
pada waktu yang telah ditentukan at a given time [e.g. At a given time we'll all start shouting and cheering]
pada waktunya [nanti]; pada waktu yang sesuai in due course [The committee will consider your application in due course]
pada waktunya nanti [v] come to pass. [It came to pass that they had a son]
padang rumput meadow
PKSPU-CK Padat Karya Sektor Pekerjaan Umum - Cipta Karya Labor-Intensive Public Works Sector - Cipta Karya
padat modal capital intensive
padi paddy
pagi am; a.m. [ante meridiem. E.g. I start work at 9 am]
pagu ceiling
pagu harga price ceiling
pagu kredit [batas maksimum kredit yang dapat disediakan credit ceiling
bank kepada nasabah]
pagu pembayaran payment caps
pajak tax; levy
Pajak berarti setiap pajak, pungutan, beban, biaya, bea atau Tax means any tax, levy, impost, charge, duty or other charge or withholding of
biaya lain atau potongan yang serupa (termasuk setiap bunga, a similar nature (including any related interest, penalty, fine or expense)
sanksi, denda atau pengeluaran) yang dibebankan oleh imposed by the Indonesian government
pemerintah Indonesia
Pajak Pertambahan Nilai dan Pajak Tidak Langsung Lain Value Added Tax and other indirect taxes
pajak regresif [pajak yg tak berpengaruh bagi yg kaya; tarif regressive tax [I.e. a tax that has less effect on the rich than on the poor]
pajak menurun dengan naiknya dasar pengenaan pajak]
paling banyak the most [Which class has the most children in it?; It's unfair that you should
have to pay the most when you earn so little]
paling cepat no earlier than
by no[t] later than [e.g. Completed entry forms should arrive not later than
paling lambat 31st July]; at the latest of; by [e.g. The documents need to be ready by next
Friday]
paling lambat... terhitung sejak... at the latest .... as of .… [e.g. I should be back by 11 o'clock at the latest]
Panduan Pembentukan LSM Kelompok Konsumen Non-Government Consumer Group Establishment Kit
Panel Panel
Panel Penyelesaian Sengketa Dispute Resolution Panel
panen raya bumper harvest [Plum growers are expecting a bumper harvest this year]
Panggilan rapat Komisaris dilakukan oleh Komisaris Notices for Meetings of Commissioners shall be made by President
Utama Commissioner
P4D Panitia Penyelesaian Perselisihan Perburuhan Daerah Regional Committee for the Settlement of Labor Disputes
P4P Panitia Penyelesaian Perselisihan Perburuhan Pusat Central Committee for the Settlement of Labor Disputes
Panitia Penyelidikan Perubahan UUD 1945 Research Committee for the Amendment of the 1945 Constitution
panitia persiapan prepatory committee
Para Pihak mengabaikan penerapan ketentuan Pasal 1266(2) The Parties waive the application of the provisions of Articles 1266(2) and
dan 1266(3) Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata sepanjang 1266(3) of the Indonesian Civil Code to the extent that judicial decision is
keputusan pengadilan diperlukan bagi pemutusan tersebut required for such termination.
pasal tambahan [dalam kontrak] rider [e.g. The rider stated that paragraph 27 applied only to foreign imports]
pasar bebas dan terbuka [Pasar sekuritas yang secara free and open market
terbuka mencantumkan harga dan syaratnya]
pasar modal [pasar di mana dana-dana, baik utang ( debt ) capital markets
maupun modal sendiri ( equity ), diperdagangkan]
Pedoman dan Tata Cara Permohonan Penanaman Modal yang The Guideline And Procedure For Filing Applications For Investments Set Up In
Didirikan Dalam Rangka Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri dan The Framework Of Domestic Capital Investments And Foreign Capital
Penanaman Modal Asing Investments
PEDOMAN MENGENAI BENTUK DAN ISI PROSPEKTUS GUIDELINES CONCERNING THE FORM AND CONTENT OF A
DALAM RANGKA PENAWARAN UMUM PROSPECTUS FOR A PUBLIC OFFERING
Pedoman pelaksanaan Implementation guidelines
Pedoman Pelaksanaan Pengawasan (Melekat) Implementation guidelines for (Close) Supervision
Pedoman Pengisian Formulir Guidelines for Filling Out Reporting Form
Pedoman Penyederhanaan dan Pengendalian Perizinan di
Guidelines on the simplification and control of licensing in the business sector
Bidang Usaha
Pedoman Persyaratan Design/Pelaksanaan; ketentuan yang
harus diambil Terms of Reference
pedoman prekreditan dan pembiayaan credit and financing guidelines TOR
pedoman teknis technical guidelines
pegadaian pawn shops
pegang hold
pegas penahan; pegas kontra antagonistic spring
pegawai bagian umum clerk
pegawai negeri civil servant
pegawai rendah noncommissioned officer
pelarangan interdict [That country was under interdict for twenty years]
pelarangan pekerja untuk masuk bekerja lockout
pelarian modal capital flight
pelat kopling clutch plate
pelatihan training; traineeship
service; services [Datapost offers a delivery service to over 160 countries;
pelayanan Our aim is to provide the best service at the lowest price; the supply of goods
and services]
Yankesmas Pelayanan Kesehatan Masyarakat Community Health Service
pelayanan masyarakat public service
pelayanan perizinan licensing service
Pelayanan Surat Ekspres express mail service
Pelayanan Transmisi transmission service
pelayanan/jasa yang diberikan oleh services rendered by
pelayaran shipping; maritime
Pelayaran Antarpulau Domestic Voyage
Pelayaran Luar Negeri International Voyage
Pemancangan Tanda Batas, Pengukuran dan Peta Putting Up of Boundary Marks, Measuring and Mapping
pemancing dasar [investor yang mencari saham yang jatuh ke bottom fisher
harga dasar sebelum timbul lagi]
pemandangan alam scenery
Pemandangan Umum General Debate
Pemanduan Lalu Lintas Udara Air traffic system providers
pemanfaatan utilization ATS
pemangkasan semak belukar shrubbery
pemangku jabatan presiden acting president
pemantauan monitoring
pemasangan installation; erection
Pemasangan Hipotik hypothecation (n); hypothecate (vb)
pemasangan kabel cabling
pemasangan secara sembunyi-sembunyi covert installing
pemasok supplier
pemasok besar main suppliers
pemasukan barang entry of goods
pemasyarakatan (UU) socialization (of law)
pematang sawah bund
pematangan tanah maturation of land
pembabatan tree-felling
pembaca readership [e.g. The magazine has a readership of 60,000]
pembacaan recital; recitation
pembagian split
pembayaran sebagian token payment [A small token payment will keep the bank happy]
plea; plead; pleading [You are charged with grand theft. How do you plead?;
pembelaan
The accused is mentally unstable, and unfit to plead]
pembersihan daerah yang tercemar remediation [I.e. Cleanup of an environmentally contaminated site]
pembiayaan penyerapan [metode di mana semua biaya Absorption costing [the method under which all manufacturing costs, both
pembuatan, baik yg dapat berubah atau tetap, dianggap sebagai
variable and fixed, are treated as product costs with non-manufacturing costs,
biaya produksi dan biaya yg bukan pembuatan, contohnya, biaya
e.g. selling and administrative expenses, being treated as period costs]
penjualan dan adminisi dianggap sebagai biaya periode]
pembicaraan yang terbatas pada masalah keuangan a discussion confined to the financial problem
discussion; talks [e.g. Peace talks | Talks with the rebels have failed yet
pembicaraan; perundingan
again]
pembilang numerator
pembina facilitator
pembinaan development; guidance; fostering; [building?]
pembinaan dan pengawasan guidance and supervision
pembinaan jasmani dan rohani physical and spiritual development
pembinaan kredit nursing of credit
pemblokiran (blokade) blocking (blockade)
pembolong kertas paper punch
pemboran eksplorasi exploration drilling
pemborong contractor; builder and contractor
pemborongan; pemborongan pada umumnya contracting; general contractor
pembuangan air drainage
pembuangan gas; pengeluaran gas gas outlet
pembuat generator
pembuat peraturan legislator
pembuat rancangan drafter
pembuat undang-undang legislator
pembuatan [akta, dokumen] drawing up [of deed, document]
pembuatan kata benda berdasarkan kata kerja dasar nominalization of the base verb
expansion [e.g. The industry has just undergone a period of rapid expansion;
pemekaran; perluasan
The novel is an expansion of a short story he wrote about forty years ago]
pemeriksaan hearing
pemeriksaan aspek hukum legal audit
pemeriksaan awal preliminary examination
Pemeriksaan Bukti Permulaan Initial Proof Inspection
security check [There are strict security checks on everyone entering the
pemeriksaan keamanan
Opera House]
pemeriksaan kelompok data batch control
Pemeriksaan Kesehatan Umum General Medical Check-up
Pemeriksaan Keterkaitan Relation Inspection
pemeriksaan keuangan financial audit
pemeriksaan lanjutan follow-up examination
PL Pemeriksaan Lengkap preliminary examination
Pemerintah memajukan kebudayaan nasional Indonesia The government shall advance the national culture.
Pemerintah mengusahakan dan menyelenggarakan satu sistem The government shall establish and conduct a national educational system
pengajaran nasional, yang diatur dengan undang-undang. which shall be regulated by law.
constituency [e.g. The Unions were no longer the constituency of the Labour
pemilih [pendukung]; daerah pemilihan
Party alone; John Major, speaking from his Huntingdon constituency]
claimant [I.e. someone who claims something, especially money, from the
pemohon; penuntut; pihak yang mengajukan tuntutan government, a court etc because they think they have a right to it: e.g. The
company was ordered to recompense the claimant for damages]
vote; voting [There were 402 votes for Mr Williams, and 372 against; The
pemungutan suara; pemberian suara; suara results of the vote were surprising - 80% of workers favoured strike action; The
motion was passed by a vote of 215 to 84]
PPSP Penagihan Pajak Dengan Surat Paksa Warrant Based Tax Collection; Tax Collection by Distress Warrant
penahanan detention
penahanan lanjutan extended detention; extension of detention
penaksir; penilai (kerugian) adjuster; assessor
penalti penalty
penambahan/peningkatan modal setor addition to/increase of paid-up capital
penambangan batu bara coal mine
penambangan lain-lain miscellaneous mining
PETI Penambangan Tanpa Ijin Illegal Miners
PK Penampilan Kontraktor Contractor's Appearance
penanam modal investor
penanam modal aktif active investor
penanaman kembali replanting; reforestation
PMA Penanaman Modal Asing Foreign Capital Investment
Penanaman Modal Dalam Bidang Usaha Unggulan Melalui Investment in the Field of Leading Businesses through the Partnership of the
Kemitraan Pengusaha Menengah dan Besar dengan Pengusaha Medium-scale and Large-scale Business with the Small-scale Business and the
Kecil dan Koperasi Cooperative
pencemaran; melakukan fitnah [atas nama baik seseorang] libel [e.g. He sued the newspaper for libel]
pencetakan molding
Penciptaan Lapangan Kerja Creation of Employment Opportunities
penciut reduction
pendaftar registrar; registrant
pendaftaran registration
PTS Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Systematic Land Registration
predecessor [e.g. The President inherited his economic problems from his
pendahulu
predecessor]
pendahuluan foreword; precursor
pendahuluan recitals
pendahuluan; mukadimah preamble
pendamping proyek project support
pendamping teknis technical support
pendanaan funding [e.g. Funding may be available from the UN] ; enfundment
proceeds [e.g We sold the business and bought a retirement condo with the
pendapatan
proceeds]; income; revenue
pendapatan dan penerimaan income; proceeds; returns; revenue [e.g. advertising revenue]
Dikti pendidikan tinggi tertiary education [I.e. formal education at a college, university etc]
pendinginan refrigeration
pendiri founder
pendirian establishment
pendudukan; penjajahan occupation [e.g. Demonstrators are continuing their occupation of the building]
penegakan hukum tentang hak cipta, paten & merk trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights
pengairan irrigation
the handing in of; the submitting of; submission [e.g. The deadline for the
pengajuan
submission of proposals is May 1st]
pengajuan bangkrut bankruptcy suit
pengajuan formulir ini bukanlah pengakuan akan adanya the issuance of this form does not represent any admission of liability
ganti rugi dari perusahaan asuransi by the insurance company
pengakhiran termination
pengakhiran pembayaran utang termination of debt re-payment
pengaktifan layanan activation of the service
pengakuan accreditation [official approval for a person or organization]
pengakuan acknowledgement [e.g. We have yet to hear any acknowledgement from
them that a problem exists; We want an acknowledgement of the existence of
the problem (u)]
leverage [Being the only industry in town gave the company considerable
pengaruh
leverage in its union negotiations]
pengaruh kuat commending influence
pengasapan [untuk membunuh nyamuk/bakteri] fumigation
exile [e.g. After a long period of enforced exile he returned to rule his country
pengasingan
again]
pengasuhan custody [e.g. In most divorce cases the mother is awarded custody of the
children]
pengatur arranger
Pengatur Regulator
pengatur asap damper
pengatur pemercepat accelerator control
pengelompokkan berdasarkan ukuran sizing [e.g. How does the sizing system work for children's clothes?]
knowledge [e.g. We now have greater knowledge about the risks of using
pengetahuan
these chemicals]
penggabungan merger; combination; amalgamation
Penggabungan dan Peleburan Mergers and Consolidations
penggabungan kepentingan pooling of interest
penggabungan usaha merger
charge d'affaires [an official who represents their government during the
pengganti duta besar
absence of an ambassador or in a country where there is no ambassador]
Penghadap telah saya kenal, Notaris The appearers are known to me, Notary
penghantar bus
penghapusan annullment [e.g. of loan]
penghapusan fidusia deletion of fiduciary
penghapusan hutang nullification of debt
penghapusan kredit macet yang wajib mandatory write-off of bad debt
penghematan economy [e.g. For the sake of economy, I hadn't yet turned on the heating]
penghibah grantor
penghilang bau-bauan deodorant
penghilangan omission
penghinaan terhadap pengadilan contempt of court
penghindaran pajak tax evasion
penghindaran pajak berganda avoidance of double taxation
penghisap pasir sand sucker; sand pump dredger
penghitungan detik-detik terakhir countdown [e.g. they began the countdown]
penghitungan suara ulang recount [e.g. I demand a recount!]
penghormatan yang tinggi reverence [e.g. You should show proper reverence for the national flag]
Pengolahan barang jadi/setengah jadi Kayu Bakau Processing of finished/semi finished Mangrove wood products
Pengolahan dan penyediaan air bersih untuk umum Processing and supplying of clean water for the public
pengungkapan disclosure
Pengurusan dan pertanggungjawaban Keuangan Daerah management and accountability of regional finances
pengusul originator
pengusutan investigation
penilai appraiser
penilaian account [e.g. In his account it was an excellent piece of work] ; opinion;
judgment [e.g. In my judgment, we should accept his offer]
penindasan repression; subjugation; oppression [e.g. immigrants taking refuge from the
oppression of a dictatorship]
peninggalan purbakala ancient heritage; archeological relics
peninggalan sejarah historic heritage
peningkatan enhancement
peningkatan ekonomi an upswing in the economy
peningkatan mutu upgrading
peninjauan review
PK peninjauan kembali reconsideration; request for review
peninjauan kembali atas kredit; kaji ulang kredit credit review
swindle [to get money from someone by deceiving them. i.e. He made a
penipuan fortune swindling old ladies out of their life savings]; fraud [ method of illegally
getting money from someone, often by using clever and complicated methods.
i.e. financial losses due to theft or fraud]
escrow [I.e. an object such as a written contract, money etc that is held by
penitipan
someone while an agreement is being fulfilled] ; deposit
penyebarluasan dissemination [e.g. the dissemination of information about new tax rules]
investigation [I.e. an official attempt to find out the reasons for something such
as a crime, accident, or scientific problem: a criminal investigation. e.g. The
penyelidikan
authorities are planning to launch a full-scale investigation into the crash which
claimed over 200 lives]
penyelidikan saksi oleh pengacara sebelum persidangan deposition [ pretrial interrogation of a witness; usually done in a lawyer's office]
penyerahan; pemberian presentation [e.g. The presentation of prizes will begin at three o'clock]
penyerasian harmonization
penyergapan ambush
penyertaan inclusion; participation
penyertaan modal capital participation
penyesalan regret [e.g. The company expressed deep regret at the accident]
penyetelan setting
penyetoran remittance; payment; deposit
penyewa renter; tenant
penyewa guna usaha lessee
penyewaan bersama tenancy in common
penyisihan [uang] appropriation [the appropriation of $2 million for the new hospital]
penyokong; pendukung proponent [e.g. Rudy has always been a strong proponent of women's rights]
scaffold [a structure built next to a building or high wall, for workmen to stand
perancah [bangunan tempat pekerja membangun gedung]
on while they build, repair, or paint the building]
déjà vu [Madeleine felt a strange sense of déjà vu as she walked into the
perasaan yang seolah-olah pernah dialami sebelumnya
room]
perayaan festivities [e.g. The festivities started with a procession through the town]
correction [Please hand in your papers for correction. (u); I just need to make
perbaikan
a few corrections, and then we can send it to the printer (c)]
Perbandingan Tamu Asing dan Tamu Dalam Negeri Ratio of Foreign and Domestic Guests CAR
perbandingan; rasio [perbandingan antara dua hal yang saling ratio [e.g. The ratio of nursing staff to doctors is 2:1; the ratio between profits
berhubungan, biasanya dalam bentuk angka] and incomes]
variance [Tradition and culture are often at variance with the needs of modern
perbedaan living; a price variance of 5%]; otherness; difference [There is very little
difference between the parties on green issues]
perbuatan melawan hukum tort [e.g does he commit the tort of defamation against the businessman?]
percepatan waktu penagihan hutang accelerated time frame for debt collection
percetakan negara government printing office; state press [?]
perdagangan mercantile [mercantile law]
perdagangan antar negara interstate commerce
perintah pelarangan injunction [e.g. The company is seeking an injunction against the strike]
PKP2B Perjanjian Karya Pengusahaan Pertambangan Batubara Coal Mining Exploitation Working Arrangements
perjanjian pra nikah; perjanjian sebelum nikah [perjanjian prenuptial agreement [An agreement a couple signs before marrying, in prenup
pemisahan harta] which they set up the terms of property distribution in case they divorce]
unfair treatment; raw deal [e.g. The assistant sales manager was given a
perlakuan yang tidak adil
raw deal when he was forced to give up his position as chief negotiator]
permohonan pengiriman uang dengan teleks/wesel bank telegraphic transfer/demand draft application form
permusuhan; sikap tidak ramah hostility [uncountable. e.g. hostility towards foreigners]
pernyataan [hal] yang disebutkan sebelumnya premise
Pernyataan atas hak [Pernyataan yang biasanya dibuat oleh Abstract of title [A statement usually prepared by an attorney that traces the
pengacara untuk melacak riwayat kemilikan harta ril untuk
history of ownership of real property to determine the status of its present title,
menentukan status haknya saat ini, serta menyertakan semua
and includes all items of record that might impair the title, such as liens,
catatan atas barang yang dapat menghalangi hak, seperti hak
charges or encumbrances]
gadai, tuntutan atau pembebanan]
pernyataan resmi kepada umum; ucapan pronouncement [e.g. the Pope's latest pronouncement on birth control]
pernyataan yang menenangkan reassurance [e.g. The patient needed repeated reassurances]
pernyataan-pernyataan representations
pernyatan taklimat brief
pernyertaan modal capital participation
perobahan harga merugikan para petani the change in price inflicts a loss upon the farmers
perolehan acquisition
perolehan hak istimewa tertentu redemption privileges
perpeloncoan hazing
perpetaan cartography
perpustakaan peminjaman buku lending library
perputaran aset asset turnover
perputaran modal capital turnover
perputaran piutang account receivable turnover
persaingan competition; rivalry
persaingan (yg) tidak wajar/sehat unfair competition
persalinan childbirth
equality [e.g. Women have yet to achieve full equality with men in the work-
persamaan place]; parity [with] [e.g. Women workers are demanding parity with their male
colleagues]
Persatuan Bangsa national unity
PBB Persatuan Bangsa-bangsa United Nations
Persatuan Daulat Ummah United Ummah Sovereignty Party
Persatuan harta joint property
Persatuan Indonesia National Unity of Indonesia
POMG Persatuan Orang Tua Murid dan Guru parent-teacher association
Apindo Persatuan Pengusaha Indonesia Indonesian Employers Association
Perseroan didirikan untuk jangka waktu yang tidak terbatas The Company is established for the unlimited period as of the date of approval
lamanya dan dimulai pada tanggal pengesahan Anggaran Dasar of Minister of Justice and Human Rights upon this Articles of Association
ini oleh Menteri Kehakiman dan Hak Asasi Manusia.
Perseroan hanya mengakui seorang atau satu badan hukum The Company only acknowledge one person or one legal entity as owner of one
sebagai pemilik dari satu saham share.
perseroan komanditer limited partnership
Perseroan mempunyai hak untuk memindahkan saudara ke
The Company reserves the right to transfer you to any location within Jakarta
setiap tempat di wilayah Jakarta sebagaimana dan pada waktu
as and when may be directed by the Board of Directors of the Company. You
yang ditentukan oleh Direksi Perseroan. Saudara menyetujui
acknowledge that such relocation does not entitle you to claim any severance
bahwa penempatan tersebut tidak membuat saudara berhak
or other entitlements
menuntut tunjangan atau hak-hak lainnya
Perseroan Terbatas yang didirikan berdasarkan UU Limited Liability Company duly organized under Law
perseroan terbuka publicly listed limited liability company
perseroan tertutup non-publicly listed limited liability company
perseroan yang didirikan dan dikelola corporation duly organized and existing
persetujuan consent [A patient can refuse consent for a particular treatment at any time (u)]
agreement; approval; authorization; endorsement; consent; sanction
persetujuan [uncountable, e.g. It emerged that the aide had acted without White House
sanction]
persetujuan covenant
persetujuan dari suami atau istri spousal consent
Persetujuan Membuka Kredit dan Pengakuan Hutang Loan and Acknowledgement of Indebtedness Agreement
persetujuan pembebasan [Penggantian perjanjian yang lama accord and satisfaction [an agreement to substitute an existing debt with an
dengan yang baru untuk meniadakan tuntutan] alternate form of discharging the debt]
persetujuan penetapan pemenang pelelangan approval of decisions on tender awardees
persetujuan pengadilan judicial approval
persetujuan perubahan approval of amendment
persetujuan prinsip principle approval
PPUP Persetujuan Prinsip Usaha Perkebunan Principal Plantation Business Agreement
persetujuan terlebih dahulu prior written consent
persetujuan yang diberikan secara serempak chorus of approval
approval, consent, licence or authorisation; clearance [e.g. The pilot
persetujuan, ijin, perijinan atau pengesahan
requested clearance for an emergency landing]
persewaan renting out (of)
persidangan hearing; court hearing
persidangan pembelaan defense hearing
persidangan tingkat pertama first degree hearing
personalia personnel [A copy should then be sent to Personnel for our files. (u)]
skirmish [e.g. Bates was sent off after a skirmish with the referee]; [be]
pertengkaran; bersitegang on the outs with [Wilson is on the outs with his family because of his
relationship with that woman]
pertukaran [pikiran; pendapat] interchange [e.g. the interchange of ideas between students and staff]
Perubahan - Perjanjian ini tidak dapat dirubah atau dimodifikasi Amendment - This Agreement may not be amended or modified unless with the
kecuali ada persetujuan tertulis sebelumnya dari Para Pihak. prior written consent of the Parties.
pihak quarter [Offers of financial help came from the most unexpected quarter
pihak ketiga yang beritikad baik third party acting in good faith
pihak lawan; pihak lain [dalam suatu kontrak] counter party; counterpart; counterparty [The other individual or institution
party to an agreement or contract]
Pihak pelaksana Servicer
pihak Pemerintah yang berwenang relevant authorities of the Government
pihak penandatangan perjanjian contracting party
Pihak Penerima Recipient
pihak terafiliasi affiliated parties
pihak yang berduka cita; yang sedang tertimpa musibah the bereaved [e.g. Our sympathies go to the bereaved]
pihak yang menangani pengaduan masyarakat terhadap ombudsman [I.e. someone who deals with complaints made by ordinary
pemerintah, bank, dll. people against the government, banks, insurance companies etc]
pinjaman berulang; pinjaman beruntun [?] revolving loan [I.e. a loan that is automatically renewed upon maturity]
pinjaman jangka panjang [Kredit yang diberikan dengan long term loan
jangka waktu lebih dari tiga tahun]
pinjaman komersial luar negeri commercial offshore loan
PKLN Pinjaman Kredit Luar Negeri offshore loan; foreign loan
pinjaman lancar performing loan
pinjaman luar negeri offshore loan
pinjaman mengikat tied loan
pinjaman neto net borrowings
pinjaman niragunan unsecured loan
pinjaman sehari day loan
pinjaman siaga standby loan
Pinjaman singkat [pinjaman uang untuk jangka waktu sangat
pendek (maksimal 8 hari) untuk mengatasi kesulitan likuiditas call money
sementara suatu perusahaan]
pinjaman subordinasi subordinated loan
pinjaman tak tertagih account uncollectable
Pinjaman talangan [Pinjaman jangka pendek untuk mengatasi
kekurangan dana yang bersifat sementara sambil menunggu bridging loan
dana lain yang akan diperoleh]
pinjaman tanpa perlindungan nonrecourse loan
pintal spin
pintu air floodgate; sluice
Pintu Keluar dan Masuk Gate of Exit and Entry
Pintu Keluar dan Masuk antar Negara melalui Darat Gate of Exit and Entry Between Countries by Land
pintu lipat accordion door
pintu teralis grated door
pipa gas; saluran pipa gas gas main; gas pipe
piranti quasi ternegosiasi [Bukti tertulis mengenai hutang yang quasi negotiable instrument
secara bebas dapat dipindahtangankan dengan endorsemen]
pistol pistol
pita cukai cigarette revenue stamp
pita cukai tembakau tobacco excise band
pita perekat adhesive tape
pita transport belt conveyor
piutang [atas jasa atau barang yang telah diberikan kepada
accounts receivable [I.e. Money owed by customers] A/R
pelanggan]; piutang dagang
plakat; poster placard [e.g. The demonstrators carried placards attacking the government]
plus dan minus; untung dan tidaknya plus and minus [e.g. There are both pluses and minuses to living in a big city]
pokok cardinal
pokok item
pokok principal
pokok dan bunga pinjaman loan principal and interest
pokok materi subject matter
pokok perkara Petitum
Pola Dagang Umum [hubungan kemitraan antara Usaha Kecil General Trading Pattern [i.e. a partnership relations between the Small-
dengan Usaha Menengah atau Usaha Besar, yang didalamnya scale Business and the Medium-scale Business or Large-scale Business, in
Usaha Menengah atau Usaha Besar memasarkan hasil produksi which the Medium-scale Business or Large-scale business shall market the
Usaha Kecil atau Usaha Kecil memasok kebutuhan yang product of the Small-scale Business, or the Small-scale Business shall the
diperlukan oleh Usaha Menengah atau Usaha Besar mitranya] needs of the Medium-scale Business or Large-scale Business as partner]
Pola Keagenan [hubungan kemitraan, yang didalamnya Usaha Agency Pattern [the Small-scale Business shall be given a special right to
Kecil diberi hak khusus untuk memasarkan barang dan jasa market the products and services of the Medium-scale Business or Large-scale
Usaha Menengah atau Usaha Besar mitranya] Business as partner]
pola sub kontrak [hubungan kemitraan antara Usaha Kecil sub contract pattern [I.e. a partnership relations between the Small-scale
dengan Usaha Menengah atau Usaha Besar, yang didalamnya
Business and the Medium-scale Business or Large-scale Business, in which
Usaha Kecil memproduksi komponen yang diperlukan oleh
the Small-scale Business shall produce the components needed by the
Usaha Menengah atau Usaha Besar sebagai bagian dari
Medium-scale or Large-scale Business as part of their products]
produksinya]
Franchise Business Pattern [I.e. the Franchise giver shall give the rights to
Pola Unit Pelayanan Pengembangan use its trade mark license and its distribution channels to the receiver of the
Franchise (Franchisee), accompanied by its managerial guidance]
potongan [bagian yang tersisa pada kwitansi/karcis]; puntung stub [a check stub; ticket stub]; end [cigarette ends]
concession [British English. A reduction in the price of tickets, fees etc for
certain groups of people, for example old people or children. synonym
potongan harga
reduction. E.g. To qualify for travel concessions you have to be 60; Open daily,
adults £4, concessions £2 (=people who have the right to a concession pay £2)]
pra-pengiriman pre-shipment
prediksi pasar saham turun [Keinginan untuk menjual saham hammering the market
karena diperkirakan akan terjadi inflasi]
Presiden dan Wakil Presiden memegang jabatannya selama The President and the Vice-President shall hold office for a term of five years
masa lima tahun, dan sesudahnya dapat dipilih kembali and shall be eligible for re-election
Presiden dengan persetujuan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat In agreement with the House of Representatives, the President declares war,
menyatakan perang, membuat perdamaian dan perjanjian makes peace and concludes treaties with other states
dengan negara lain
Presiden dibantu oleh menteri-menteri negara The President shall be assisted by the Ministers of State.
Presiden ialah orang Indonesia asli The President shall be a native Indonesian citizen.
presiden komisaris president commissioner
Presiden memberi gelar, tanda jasa dan lain-lain tanda The President grants titles, decorations and other distinctions of
kehormatan honour.
Presiden memberi grasi, amnesti, abolisi dan rehabilitasi The President grants mercy, amnesty, pardon and restoration of rights.
Presiden memegang kekuasaan membentuk undang-undang The President shall hold the power to make statutes in agreement with the
dengan persetujuan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat House of Representatives
Presiden memegang kekuasaan yang tertinggi atas Angkatan The President is the Supreme Commander of the Army, the Navy and the Air
Darat, Angkatan Laut dan Angkatan Udara Force
Presiden menerima mandat duta negara lain The President receives the credentials of foreign ambassadors
Presiden menetapkan peraturan pemerintah untuk menjalankan The President shall determine the government regulations to expedite the
undang-undang sebagaimana mestinya enforcement of laws.
Presiden mengangkat duta dan konsul The President appoints ambassadors and consuls
Presiden mengemban/memikul tanggung jawab yang
The President bears an awesome responsibility
sangat berat
Presiden menyatakan keadaan bahaya. Syarat-syarat dan The President declares the state of emergency. The conditions for such a
akibatnya keadaan bahaya ditetapkan dengan undang-undang declaration and the measures to deal with the emergency shall be governed by
law
Presiden Republik Indonesia memegang kekuasaan The President of the Republic of Indonesia shall hold the power of government
pemerintahan menurut Undang-Undang Dasar in accordance with the Constitution
Presiden terpilih; Wakil Presiden terpilih President elect; Vice President elect
presiden yang akan mengakhiri masa jabatannya outgoing president
Presidium Presidium [a committee chosen to represent a large political organization]
presipitasi precipitation
Prinsip Akuntansi Standar Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
prinsip akuntansi yang lazim generally accepted accounting principles
Prinsip dan mekanisme komptabilitas Financial accountability principles and mechanism GAAP
prinsip dasar bedrock
Produk Nasional Neto Atas Dasar Biaya Faktor Produksi Net National Product at Factor Cost
Profesi Penunjang Pasar Modal [Akuntan, Notaris, Penilai Capital Market Supporting Professionals
dan Konsultan Hukum yang menyediakan jasanya]
PMT-AS Program Makanan Tambahan untuk Anak Sekolah Extra Nourishment Program for Students
legal proceeding; proceedings [e.g. Of course, the child became the central
proses hukum/pengadilan issue in the divorce proceedings]; action [The students agreed to drop their
action (=decide not to continue with a court case or an official complaint); The
sisters brought a libel action against the newspaper (=started a court case)]
proses pengadilan yang jujur dan bermartabat a fair and dignified judicial process
satisfaction [e.g. At least he had the satisfaction of knowing that he was right;
puas; senang
Finance officials expressed satisfaction with the recovery of the dollar]
rangkap; secara bersamaan concurrent [e.g. He is serving two concurrent prison sentences]
rangsum; bekal ration [e.g. The expedition had sufficient rations to last them another five days]
Rapat Komisaris adalah sah dan berhak mengambil keputusan Meeting of Commissioner shall be lawful and entitled to adopt binding
yang mengikat hanya apabila lebih dari 1/2 (satu per dua) bagian resolutions only if more than 1/2 (one and half) of the members of
dari jumlah anggota Komisaris hadir atau diwakili dalam rapat Commissioners present or represent at the Meeting
Rapat Komisaris diadakan di tempat kedudukan Perseroan atau Meetings of Commissioners shall be convened at the domicile of the Company
tempat kegiatan usaha Perseroan. Apabila semua anggota or the place of the Company’s business activities. If all Commissioners are
Komisaris hadir atau diwakili, panggilan terlebih dahulu tersebut present or represented, such prior notice shall not be required, and the Meeting
tidak disyaratkan dan rapat Komisaris dapat diadakan dimanapun may be convened anywhere, and is entitled to adopt valid and binding
juga dan berhak mengambil keputusan yang sah dan mengikat resolutions
income ratio [The monthly payment on a loan (including principal and interest,
rasio pendapatan
taxes, and insurance) divided by the borrower's monthly gross income]
rekening account
Rekening Antisipasi Anticipation Account
rekening bank yang dibatasi penggunaannya restricted cash in bank
rekening beku frozen account
rekening bermasalah skip account
rekening dalam pengawasan custodial account
rekening dengan perhitungan terperinci itemized bill
rekening deposito fixed deposit account
Rekening Efek Jaminan Securities Guaranty Account
Rekening Efek Serah Securities Submission Account
Rekening Efek Terima Securities Receiving Account
rekening giro clearing account
Rekening Kas Negara State Treasury account
rekening koran [Daftar utang piutang antara dua orang/badan current account
usaha yang diperhitungkan secara terus-menerus]
rekening nostro [Perkiraan valuta asing bank di dalam negeri nostro account
pada bank koresponden di luar negeri
rekes petition [I.e. official letter to a law court, asking for a legal case to be
considered: e.g. She is threatening to file a petition for divorce]
reksa dana [Emiten yang kegiatan utamanya melakukan mutual fund; investment fund
investasi, investasi kembali atau perdagangan efek]
rencana waktu; batas waktu timeline [e.g. We need some kind of timeline for when you want this finished]
replik [tanggapan dari Jaksa Penuntut Umum terhadap isi dari response to defense statement; counter plea; replication
Eksepsi terdakwa/penasehat hukum terdakwa]
reputasi reputation
rerata tertimbang weighted average
resiko dan asuransi risk and insurance
resiko sendiri atau ekses owner's risk or excess
resim [rezim] devisa foreign exchange regime
resimen regiment
Menwa Resimen Mahasiswa university military group
restitusi restitution
restitusi bea masuk customs drawback
restrukturisasi hutang debt restructuring
retribusi levy
retribusi daerah regional levy
Retribusi Daerah Local Retribution
revaluasi [peningkatan atas nilai tukar mata uang akibat revaluation [Increase in the exchange rate of a currency as a result of official
tindakan pemerintah] action]
ribuan kaki kubik metric cubic feet
riil actual; tangible
Rincian Teknis Technical Specification
ring seher piston ring
ringkasnya; singkatnya in brief; briefly; in short MCF
rintangan alam natural barrier
rintangan; halangan; kesukaran impediment
RUT Riset Unggulan Terpadu Integrated First Class Research
risiko pasar [Resiko efek atau harta lainnya karena tak dapat
dijual atau digadaikan dengan harga yang wajar pada saat market risk
pemiliknya membutuhkan uang]
referral [The doctor will give you a referral to a specialist in your area; Only 39
rujukan
percent of patients were seen within four weeks of referral]
rujukan; rekomendasi [?] referral [e.g. the referral of the case to the Court of Appeal]
RT Rukun Tetangga neighborhood unit
RW Rukun Warga community unit
rumah bersalin maternity center
rumah dinas official's home; employee housing
rumah ibadat house of worship
RT rumah jabatan executive housing
rukan rumah kantor house cum office
rumah kediaman; rumah tempat tinggal dwelling house
rumah liar squatter's house
rumah panggung house on stilts
rumah petak row house
rumah sakit bersalin maternity hospital
saham atas nama [Saham perusahaan dapat dikeluarkan atas registered shares; warrant shares; bearer shares
nama si pembeli]
saham atas tunjuk registered shares; warrant shares; bearer shares
saham baru [Saham yang berasal dari modal yang belum new share
ditempatkan dan disetor penuh atau saham dalam portepel]
saham lunas [Saham yang sudah lunas dibayar oleh fully paid stock
pemiliknya]
saham mayoritas majority shareholders/shares
Saham Partisipasi Prioritas [Saham yang disamping hak
prioritasnya atas dividen tetap masih dapat turut serta dalam participating preferred stock
pembagian dividen saham biasa]
saham pendiri founder's shares
saham picisan penny stock
saham preferen unggul; saham utama [Saham preferen
yang hak prioritasnya atas dividen dan asset lebih tinggi daripada prior preferred stock
saham preferen lain]
Saham preferen yang tidak memberikan hak untuk mendapatkan
dividen yang belum dibayar pada tahun-tahun yang lalu secara non cumulative preferred stock
kumulatif
saham prioritas preferred shares; preferred stock
saham separo half stock
saham spekulatif [Saham yang mempunyai sejarah singkat cat and dog
mengenai penjualan, keuntungan dan pembayaran dividen.
salah menggambarkan [v] misrepresent [e.g. These statistics grossly misrepresent the reality]
salah sasaran collateral damage [people who are hurt or property that is damaged as a
result of war, although they are not the main target . E.g. Hitting any non-military
targets would risk 'collateral damage' - which the US military does not want]
among other things [at the meeting they discussed, among other things,
salah satu hal; diantaranya
recent events occurred in Asia]
salam pembukaan; pendahuluan salutation
complimentary close [If the letter begins with Dear Sir, Dear Sirs, Dear
Madam or Dear Sir or Madam, it will close with Yours faithfully; If the letter
begins with a personal name- Dear Mr. James, Dear Mrs. Robinson, Dear Ms.
salam penutup [dalam surat menyurat] Jasmine - it will close with Your sincerely; Note that Americans tend to close
even formal letters with Yours truly or Truly yours, which is unusual in the UK in
commercial correspondence. But a letter to a friend may end with Yours truly or
the casual Best wishes]
Salam sejahtera bagi kita semua May peace and prosperity befall upon all of us
saldo balance [e.g Could you tell me what my balance is please?]
Saldo giro negatif; saldo negatif [?] overdraft [e.g. I have to find the money to pay off this overdraft]
saling berkaitan; saling berhubungan; saling terkait interlocking [adj.] [interlocking membership]
sama sekali tidak by no means [e.g. It is by no means certain that the game will take place]
sama-sama [jawaban atas salam seseorang] likewise [adverb. e.g. “You're always welcome at our house.” “Likewise.”]
sambil menunggu pending [A decision has been delayed pending further inquiries]
ever so [e.g. The children are ever so excited. It's the first time they've been to
sangat Disneyland]; no end [Your letter cheered me up no end]; all too [All too often
it's the mother who gets blamed for her children's behaviour; In these conditions
it was all too easy to make mistakes]
immense [e.g. An immense amount of money and time has been put into
sangat banyak [jumlahnya]
finding a cure]
sacrosanct [adjective. e.g. Weekends are sacrosanct in our family so I never
sangat berarti; sangat penting
take any work home]
sangat berlainan; bertolak belakang; lawan antithesis [e.g. Connie's political views are the complete antithesis of mine]
worth a fortune [e.g. Now they've found oil the land must be worth a fortune;
sangat bernilai; sangat kaya
The man who founded CNN must be worth a fortune]
sangat penting of critical importance [e.g. Finding the source of the gas leak was of critical
importance]; imperative [e.g. It is absolutely imperative that these safety
[be] takenare
measures upimplemented
[with] [e.g. Jo's completely taken up with work at the
immediately]
sangat sibuk
moment]
sanggahan protest
saya pergi sekarang kalau tidak saya akan terlambat I shall go now lest I be late
saya sangat menghargai pertolongan anda I would be most grateful for your help
saya tahu dengan pasti I know for a fact
saya tidak mengatakan hal yang seperti itu I did not say anything of the kind
saya tidak mengetahuinya; setahu saya tidak not that I know of
[v] assume [e.g. Assuming that the proposal is accepted, when are we
seandainya
going to get the money?]
searmada kapal; mobil a fleet of ships; cars
sebab akibat cause and effect
sebab kerugian cause of loss
sebab yang halal lawful purpose
in the wake of [e.g. Famine followed in the wake of the drought]; as a result
sebagai akibat dari
of
sebagai pembayaran atas in payment for [cheques received in payment for goods supplied]
sebagai pengganti seseorang in one's place [e.g. Jane was ill, so I went to the conference in her place]
sebenarnya in actuality; beneath it all [e.g. beneath it all, she is a nice girl]
secara bersama-sama en masse [French. e.g. The senior management resigned en masse]
secara teratur faithfully [e.g. Every year, we faithfully make a trip up there to see him]
in writing; black and white [e.g. The company refused to deal with the
secara tertulis
customer's complaints until they saw them in black and white]
forthwith [e.g. These instructions must be carried out forthwith] ; there and
secepatnya; segera
then
sedalam-dalamnya profusely [e.g. She apologized profusely for being late]
preoccupied [e.g. Rod's completely preoccupied with all the wedding
sedang asyik / sibuk [dengan kegiatannya]
preparations at the moment]
sedang berlangsung; sedang dilangsungkan [be] in progress [e.g. No Talking. Examination in Progress]
sedang cuti [be] on leave [e.g. I'm in command while Farringdon is on leave]
on the/your/its way [She should be on the way here by now; There's a letter
sedang dalam perjalanan; tengah dikirimkan
on its way to you]
sedang tidak terganggu jiwa dan ingatannya of sound [body and] mind [?]
sedapat mungkin as may be practicable
sedekah; derma; zakat alms; handouts
sedemikian rupa sehingga in such a way that
sederetan kursi a row of chairs
sederhana frugal [adj] As children we were taught to be frugal and hard-working]
Segala badan negara dan peraturan yang ada masih langsung
All existing state institutions continue to function and regulations remain valid as
berlaku, selama belum diadakan yang baru menurut Undang-
long as no new ones are established in conformity with this Constitution.
Undang Dasar ini
Segala putusan Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat All decisions of the Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat shall be taken
ditetapkan dengan suara yang terbanyak by a majority vote
Segala sesuatu yang tidak atau belum cukup diatur dalam All matters that are not provided for or not adequately covered in these Articles
Anggaran Dasar ini, maka Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham yang of Association shall be decided by a General Meeting of Shareholders in
akan memutuskan sesuai dengan Anggaran Dasar ini accordance with these Articles of Association
segel; menyegel seal (a building) [Following a bomb warning, police have sealed off the whole
area]
segelintir orang a restricted number of people
segenap bangsa Indonesia dan seluruh tumpah-darah
the entire people and motherland of Indonesia
Indonesia
before long [adverb. e.g. It looks like it's going to rain before long; The kids
segera; sebentar lagi
were playing in the mud and before long they were covered in it]
nothing less than [e.g. His appearance in the show was nothing less than a
sekedar; tidak lebih dari sensation]; no more than [Opinion polls show that no more than 30% of
people trust the government]
sekurangnya; sekurang-kurangnya; sebanyak-banyaknya minimally [e.g. The Advisory Board shall consist of minimally six and
maximally 12 members, who have been Committee members of the society]
other than [restrictive measure other than normal tariff]; over and above [He
selain
gets a travel allowance over and above his existing salary]
selain itu; juga at that [e.g. It's a new idea, and a good one, at that]
selaku pemilik dari/yang berhak atas as the holder/owner of
in the course of; during; over [Over a period of ten years he stole a million
selama
pounds from the company; Can we talk about this over dinner?]
selama berlakunya so long as ___ remains in effect; during the continuance of the ___
selama masa kerja setiap tahun berturut-turut for each subsequent year’s service
more […] than [More people are buying new cars than ever before]; more
semakin banyak
and more [More and more people are moving to the cities]
semester semester
quasi [e.g. the chairman's quasi-judicial role (=acting in some ways like a
semi; sebagian
judge)]
sempurna perfect
semrawut disorganized
semua all
semua atau tidak sama sekali all or none
semua biaya pengeluaran pengganti surat saham itu ditanggung all expenses incurred for such issuance of a replacement of share certificate
oleh pemegang saham yang berkepentingan shall be borne by the shareholder concerned
Semua biaya untuk pengeluaran surat saham pengganti All expenses incurred for the duplication of the share certificate shall be borne
ditanggung oleh Pemegang Saham yang berkepentingan by the Shareholder concerned
Semua saham Perseroan adalah saham-saham atas nama dan All the shares of the Company shall be registered shares and issued in the
dikeluarkan atas nama pemiliknya sebagaimana terdaftar dalam name of the owner as registered in the Register of Shareholders of the
Daftar Pemegang Saham Perseroan. Company
seolah-olah as if; [v] make as if [e.g. Fred, still grinning, made as if to hit me]
sepengetahuan cognizance [e.g. He did that with the cognizance of his superior]
sepenuhnya menjaga, melindungi, memberikan ganti rugi
fully defend, protect, indemnify and hold harmless
dan membebaskan
seperlunya to whatever extent necessary
seperti dimuat as set out
seperti sewaktu as when [e.g. as when one government lower its tariff barrier]
seperti yang dimaksud as intended
seperti yang tertera as set forth
sepi slack [e.g. Business remained slack throughout the day]
sepihak unilateral
sepotong informasi yang berharga a nugget of information
sepuhan gilt
serampangan haphazard
serangkaian kejadian a series of events
fibre optics [uncountable. very thin threads of glass or plastic to carry
serat optik information in the form of light, especially on telephone lines. E.g. fibre optic
cable]
seratus tahun [100 tahun] centenary [e.g. a concert to mark the centenary of the composer's birth]
Sertifikat Deposito [Surat bukti simpanan uang dalam bank Deposit Certificate
dengan jangka waktu dan bunga yang dapat dijual belikan]
comparable [comparable figures for the same period of time last year; The
planet Pluto is comparable in size to the moon]; on the order of [e.g. I would
serupa; mirip
like a dress on the order of the one in the window]; two/three, etc of a kind
[You and Joe are two of a kind]
by [e.g. You've got to play by the rules; Profits were £6 million, but by their
standards this is low]; in conformity with; in correspondence with [e.g. The
result was correspondent with the government's wishes in this matter] ; in line
sesuai dengan
with; in compliance with; in accordance with; according to; in reference
to; in correspondent with; [v] fit [The punishment should fit the crime; Police
said the car fits the description of the stolen vehicle]
sesuai dengan sifatnya inherently [e.g. Nuclear power is inherently dangerous and wasteful]
sesuatu yang mengganggu irritant [e.g. Low flying aircraft are a constant irritant in this area]
sesuatu yang pernah terjadi sebelumnya; tindakan, precedent [An epidemic on this scale is without precedent; The invasion of
keputusan yang dipakai sebagai dasar atas tindakan selanjutnya Panama set a dangerous precedent]
Setelah akta ini dibacakan oleh saya, Notaris, kepada This deed, after having been duly read out by me, Notary, to the appearers and
penghadap dan saksi-saksi, maka seketika itu juga lantas the witnesses, is immediately signed by the appearers, the witnesses and me,
ditanda-tangani oleh penghadap, saksi-saksi dan saya, Notaris Notary
setelah dipotong pajak [bersih] clear [e.g. I get £200 a week clear]
setelah lewatnya jangka waktu by the lapse of time
on payment of [something] [Any item can be reserved on payment of a
setelah melakukan pembayaran uang
deposit]
following [Following the president's speech, there will be a few minutes for
setelah; setelah terjadinya; menyusul questions; Thousands of refugees left the country following the outbreak of civil
war]
setengah [1/2]; satu per dua one half; a half
setengah bulanan semimonthly
setengah lingkaran semicircular
setengah putaran half turn
setengah resmi semiofficial
setengah setengah/ separo separo half and half
setengah-jam half-hour
setengah-jam pengiriman dispatch half-hours
setiap larutan atau campuran, dalam bentuk apa pun, yang any solution or mixture, in whatever physical state, containing one or more
mengandung satu atau lebih bahan psikotropik, atau satu atau psychotropic substances, or one or more psychotropic substances in dosage
lebih bahan psikotropik dalam bentuk sediaan form
Setiap penduduk memiliki hak dan kebebasan untuk memeluk All people shall have the right and freedom to embrace their own religion and
agama dan kepercayaan masing-masing faith
sia-sia useless; futile [adjective. E.g. It was futile to continue the negotiations]
attitude; stance; position; stand [e.g. The Labour Party has not taken a
sikap stand on the political position of the monarchy] ; disposition [e.g. Neither side
shows the slightest disposition to compromise]
simbiosis symbiosis
sinkronisasi synchronization
balance; remainder; over [There should be some money over when I've paid
sisa
all the bills]
sisa bunga residual interest
sisa hasil pertanian atau industri agricultural or industrial product remnants
sisa kekayaan dana remaining fund(s)
SKK Sisa Kemampuan Keuangan Remaining Financial Capabilities
Sisa Kemampuan Menangani Proyek Remaining Capabilities for Project Implementation
SKN Sisa Kemampuan Nyata Remaining Actual Potential
sisa laba/rugi tahun-tahun yang lalu remaining past years' profit/loss
Sisa Lebih Perhitungan Anggaran Tahun yang Lalu Surplus/Deficit from Previous Year’s Budget
sisi baik / keuntungan; baik buruknya merits [e.g. The committee will look at the relative merits of the two proposals]
credit [On the credit side, the school has considerable success in sport and
sisi positif
music]
sisi; bagian side [A cube has six sides; a seven-sided coin]
sistem baku default system; standard system
sistem daya terpadu integrated power system
sistem gugur disqualification
sistem hukum legal order
SKD sistem kesehatan daerah regional health system
struktur structure; fabric [e.g. The family is the most important unit in the social fabric]
suatu putusan any verdict [After a week the jury had still not reached a verdict]
Sub-Sektor Listrik & Pengembangan Energi Electric Power & Energy Development Sub-Sector
subsidair subsidiary
subsidi subsidies
substansi substance
subyek pajak tax subject
sudah pasti in the bag [e.g. The contract for the new insurance policies are in the bag]
SKPPS Surat Keterangan Pendaftaran Penduduk Sementara Certificate of Registration for Temporary Residence
surat kuasa untuk waktu yang tidak ditentukan; surat durable power of attorney [A durable power of attorney is effective even
kuasa waktu tidak terbatas [?] though you are incapacitated] >< nondurable power of attorney
SP-PMDN Surat Persetujuan Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri Letter of Approval of Domestic Investments
surat referensi; surat keterangan reference [e.g. We will need references from your former employers]
Surat saham sebagaimana dimaksud dalam ayat 1 kemudian The share certificate as mentioned in paragraph 1 then must be destroyed, and
dihancurkan dan proses ini dicatat dalam berita acara Rapat dan the proceeding shall be recorded by the Board of Directors in minutes of a
dilaporkan dalam Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham berikutnya Meeting and reported in the next General Meeting of Shareholders
surat sero; surat saham [Bukti pemilikan atas jumlah saham share certificate
dalam perseroan yang dimiliki oleh pihak tertentu]
surat wasiat testament; will [e.g. My grandmother left me these jewels in her will]
Syarat-syarat yang mengenai kewarganegaraan Conditions to acquire and other matters on citizenship shall be
ditetapkan dengan undang-undang determined by law.
syariah islamic law
taat hukum law-abiding [law-abiding citizen]
tabrakan (belakang, samping, depan) atau terperosok,
collission (rear, side, front) or fall, overturn, fire, theft
terbalik, terbakar, pencurian
tabulasi tabulation
tabung simpan gas gas holder
tabungan savings
Taska Tabungan Asuransi Berjangka time insurance savings
Tabungan Bruto Gross Savings
Tabungan buku passbook savings account
tabungan hari tua old-age savings
Tabungan Neto Net Savings
Tapelpram Tabungan Pelajar dan Pramuka students and scouts’ savings
Tabanas Tabungan Pembangunan Nasional Savings for National Development
Tabungan Rumah Tangga household savings
tafsiran undang-undang statutory construction
tagihan claim; invoice; bill [e.g. The bill for the repairs came to $650]
accounts [e.g. Accounts must be settled within 30 days]; claim [e.g. The
tagihan
insurance company cannot meet such enormous claims]
tahu banyak; sangat mengetahui knowledgeable [e.g. Graham's very knowledgeable about wines]
tacit [e.g. a tacit agreement between the three big companies that no one
tahu sama tahu
would cut their prices]
tahun buku accounting year; financial year
The Company's financial year shall commence on the first day of January and
tahun buku end on the thirty-first day of December
tahun fiskal; tahun anggaran [Jangka waktu dua belas bulan
yang dipergunakan oleh dunia usaha atau pemerintah untuk
fiscal year
tujuan pembukuan. Masa tersebut tidak perlu sama dengan tahun
takwim]
leap year [a year, which happens every fourth year, when February has 29
tahun kabisat
days instead of 28]
tahun komariah lunar year
tahun pajak fiscal year; tax year
tahun takwim calendar year
inexhaustible [e.g. a man of inexhaustible energy | an inexhaustible supply of
tak ada habisnya
firewood]
unpleasant; undesirable [e.g. The incident could have undesirable
tak menyenangkan
consequences for the government]
tak pandang bulu not discriminating against; regardless of who or what it is
tak perlu dibalas no response needed NRN
tak terelakkan unavoidable [e.g. There are now fears that war is unavoidable]
tambak embankment
tambang itu sudah habis the mine is worked out
unlikely [e.g. It's unlikely that the thieves will be caught; Donna might come,
tampaknya ___ tidak
but it's very unlikely]
tamu asing foreign visitor
tanah bekas Milik Adat formerly traditionally-owned land
tanah berumput; tanah lempeng turf
tanah darat dry land
tanah diatome diatomeceous earth; diatomite
tanah garapan land for cultivation
tanah kosong wasteland
tanah liat [u] clay
tanah negara yang belum dibebani suatu hak unregistered land; state land to which no rights are yet reserved
TDR Tanda Daftar Rekanan Contractor's Registration Certificate; Registered Partner Certificate
tanpa mengurangi ketentuan umum sebelumnya; tanpa without limiting [without prejudice to] the generality of the foregoing;
mengurangi sifat umum dari kalimat di muka without restricting the generality of the foregoing
Tata cara pengembalian uang pemesanan kepada The procedure for the refund of the subscription payment to the
pemesan subscribers
Tata Cara Standar Operasi Standard Operational Procedure SOP
tata kelola perusahaan yang baik good corporate governance GCG
tata kerja operational procedure(s); working procedure(s)
tegas; keras [tindakan] drastic [e.g. NATO threatened more drastic action if its terms were not met]
teguran admonition
riddle [e.g. The origins of the Basque language remain a riddle; Solve this
teka-teki; hal yang belum diketahui riddle - What is black and white and red all over? Answer - An embarrassed
zebra]
teknologi technology
tekstil dan produk tekstil textiles and textile products
telah dilunasi seluruhnya fully/completely repaid
premeditated [e.g. The defense claim that the killing was not premeditated];
telah direncanakan terlebih dahulu
telah mengalami banyak kemajuan; mengalami put-up
[v] havejob [It's been suggested the kidnapping was a put-up job]
come a long way. [Computer technology has come a long way
peningkatan pesat since the 1970's]
telah terbukti secara hukum lawfully proved
TPT telegraf telegraph
telegram telegram
telekomunikasi telecommunications
tempat tinggal domicile [e.g. His last known domicile was 11 Park Road, London, N8]
premises [I.e. the buildings and land that a shop, restaurant, company etc
tempat; lokasi
uses. e.g. We hope to be moving to new premises shortly]
tenaga kerja berdasarkan perjanjian kerja waktu tertentu workers based on a fixed-term employment contract
tenggang waktu grace period; grace [e.g. I got a day's grace to finish my essay]
tepatnya rather [e.g. You have to be sixteen for cheap tickets - or rather under sixteen]
terbiasa [to[ inure [v] [Nurses soon became inured to the sight of suffering]
[v] make up of [e.g. Women make up only 30% of the work force]; account
terdiri dari; berjumlah
for [e.g. Imports from Japan accounted for 40% of the total]
tergugat defendant
terhitung mulai as of; effective from
[v] proceed [from] [e.g. diseases that proceed from poverty]; witness [e.g.
terjadi
The 1980s witnessed increasing unemployment throughout Europe]