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LauraMasmiaPutri AReviewonIndonesiaSchoolBuildingGuidelinesandRecommendationtoFacilitatetheCurrentSeismicDesignCodeSNI17262012
LauraMasmiaPutri AReviewonIndonesiaSchoolBuildingGuidelinesandRecommendationtoFacilitatetheCurrentSeismicDesignCodeSNI17262012
LauraMasmiaPutri AReviewonIndonesiaSchoolBuildingGuidelinesandRecommendationtoFacilitatetheCurrentSeismicDesignCodeSNI17262012
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Fig. 14. Damaged school building Java Island due to earthquake in 2017
[38] (left) and Lombok earthquake in 2018 [39]
V. RECOMMENDATIONS
An evaluation conducted on some school building
guidelines showed that they have not accommodated the
current seismic code SNI 1726:2012 well. Some even stated
the minimum standard that is below those stipulated in
SNI 1726:2012. Since there are many school building
guidelines that are developed and distributed, an evaluation
in this paper is only conducted on some. However, similar
failure in accommodating the SNI 1726:2102 and other
standards is evident across most guidelines. Pointing out the
deficiency one-by-one and providing a recommendation for
each deficiency is considered to be inefficient in this case, as
Fig. 23. Prototype of new senior high school buildings provided in the each guideline has different issues. However, because similar
guidelines for new senior high school buildings 2017 [44] trends are found, the recommendation provided in this paper
The prototype buildings provided in many school is aimed at improving the school building construction
building construction guidelines issued by MEC are guidelines in general.
considered to be insufficient to resist the design earthquake Considering that different ministries developed
loads based on the SNI 1726:2012 [57] [28] [58]. The guidelines with different content, assessing, evaluating and
seismic detailing for reinforced concrete structures is briefly controlling the required updates becomes a huge task. Thus,
discussed in the guidelines, yet SNI 1726:2012 [59] is not a centralized system needs to be adopted in developing a
mentioned as the main reference, which indicates that the school building guideline. This, then will come with the
seismic design standards is not the main concern for school consequence, where the guidelines must be able to
building construction guidelines. accommodate designs that are applicable in all areas in
Some standards that are referred to in school buildings Indonesia, for different types of school buildings with varied
regulations are also outdated. Some outdated standards that number of classrooms and geometries. To ensure that the
are still used in some school building guidelines are provided guidelines meet all the minimum requirements for seismic
in Table 1. and structural adequacy, an evaluation and update to school
buildings must be conducted by a committee/agency/
department that consists of professionals specialized in
TABLE 1: OUTDATED STANDARDS USED IN SOME EXISTING SCHOOL various subjects, especially earthquake engineering and
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION GUIDELINES
building structures.
Outdated Referral Updated Version
Standards Manuals or guidelines are usually issued for simple
PKKI 1961 SNI 7973-2013 Design specification for buildings. School buildings, which usually have large floor
wood construction area, with long wall spans and have the highest importance
SNI 03-1729-2002 SNI 1729-2015 Specifications for steel factor, do not fall into a simple structure. There are too many
structures detailed requirements and procedures that require
SNI 03-1726-2003 SNI 1726:2012 Design procedures for
earthquake resistant-buildings
professionals’ involvement. Prototypes can be developed;
SNI 03-1727-1989 SNI 1727-2013 Minimum loads for however, these should follow the current SNI 1726:2012 and
buildings and structures need to be adapted to specific sites by qualified professionals
PUIL SNI 04-0225-2000 PUIL SNI 04-0225-2011 General in each case. The self-managing construction system that is
requirements for electrical installation currently used is considered to be unsuitable for school
SNI 03-6481-2000 SNI 03-7065-2005 Design procedures for buildings. It is recommended to change this system so that
plumbing system design
qualified and certified engineers that are responsible in
Paper ID # ACEE0087 The 7th Asia Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 22-25 November 2018, Bangkok, Thailand
managing/controlling school buildings construction process, Hutapera, E. K. Kertapat , T. Boen and M. D. Petersen, "Proposed
instead of only the schools’ headmasters/staff. As the school seismic hazard maps og Sumatra and Java Islands and microzonation
headmaster and staff are typically at the school site everyday, study of Jakarta City, Indonesia," J. Earth Syst. Sci, pp. 865-874, 2008.
their presence can still be leveraged to support the [11] Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana, Pedoman Penerapan
Sekolah/Madrasah Aman dari Bencana, Jakarta: Badan Nasional
monitoring of construction; however, they should be
Penanggulangan Bencana, 2012.
properly trained and supported by qualified engineers in this.
[12] Departemen Permukiman dan Prasarana Wilayah, Standar perencanaan
This is also in accordance with the Government regulations ketahanan gempa untuk struktur bangunan gedung, Bandung:
No 36/2005 about “buildings” [20]. However, if for some Departemen Permukiman dan Prasarana Wilayah, 2002.
reason this solution is difficult to be implemented, the [13] The President of Republic Indonesia, Undang-undang Republik
current guidelines need to be extensively updated, especially Indonesia nomor 28 tahun 2002, Jakarta, 2002.
for the content that will affect the strength of building [14] Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan , "Ikhtisar data pendidikan
structures, such as: tahun 2016/2017," Kementrian Pendidikan dan Keudayaan, 2016.
a. The prototype drawings should be provided in detail, [15] Hambali, "Pembangunan gedung sekolah dan ruang kelas baru di
especially the minimum seismic detailing. Kabupaten Seluma pasca pemekaran," Manajemen Pendidikan, pp. 20-
b. The minimum specifications of all materials used in the 28, 2016.
construction process need to be provided. [16] Kementrian Keuangan Republik Indonesia, "APBN 2018," 2018.
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d. The minimum qualification must be stipulated for each [18] Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, Peraturan
person involved in the planning, design, and construction Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebuadayaan No. 8 tahun 2018, Menteri
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should be stronger. nomor 20 tahun 2003 tentang sisten pendidikan nasional, 2003.
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Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia Nomor 24 Tahun 2007,
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