Topic I: Adjectives

An adjective describes, identifies, or quantifies a noun or a pronoun. Therefore, the main function
of an adjective is to modify a noun or a pronoun so that it will become more specific and
interesting.
There are regular and irregular:

Regular Adjectives (short)

Normal degree Comparative superlative

Young Younger youngest
Ugly Uglier Ugliest
Slim Slimmer slimmest
Short Shorter shortest
Big Bigger Biggest
Lazy Lazier Laziest
smart Smarter smartest
happy Happier happiest
angry Angrier Angriest
Sad Sadder Saddest
bright Brighter Brightest
Shy Shier Shiest
deep Deeper deepest
broad Broader Broadest
Nice Nicer Nicest
Full Fuller Fullest
Dry Drier Driest
Dirty Dirtier Dirtiest
Dull Duller dullest
Dark Darker darkest
Fine Finer Finest
Hard Harder Hardest
Funny Funnier funniest
Old Older Oldest
Fat Fatter Fattest
Quick Quicker quickest
Slow Slower Slower
New Newer Newest
Safe Safer Safest
Scarce Scarcer scarcest
 Soft Softer Softest
Light Lighter Lightest
Heavy Heavier Heaviest
Loud Louder Loudest

Exercise
Fill in the correct form of the words in brackets (comparative or superlative).
1. My house is_________________ (big) than yours.
2. Non-smokers usually live ____________ (long) than smokers.
3. Who is the________________ (rich) woman on earth?
4. He was the ________________ (clever) thief of all.
5. Anita is ___________________(old) than Carmen
6. Neima is__________________(nice) than Marta
7. Luisa is the________________(nice) person I have ever met
8. She is the _________________(happy) person in the classroom
9. Antonia is_________________(smart) than Luis
10. This test was_______________(hard) than the one we did last week
11. This exam was the___________(hard) of all.
12. Francisco is________________(young) than Mario, but Luisa is
the____________ of the family.
13. This bottle of water is______________ (full) that the one on the table.
14. My mother is the___________________(fine) woman of the planet
15. My bag is________________________ (light) than yours.
16. Your phone is_____________________ (heavy) than mine.
17. Songo is_________________________(safe) than Maputo
18. Songo is the______________________(safe) place in Mozambique
19. Carla is__________________________(shy) than Magda
20. Maria is the______________________ (shy) student.
21. Mariana is_______________________(short) than Ana
Exercise 2.

Make sentences comparing these things, as in the example.

A motorbike / bicycle. Example: A motorbike is faster than a bicycle

22. A tortoise / a cat (slow) _______________________________________________

23. Maputo / Tete (big) __________________________________________________

24. Chocolate milkshakes / lemonade (good) __________________________________

26. The North Pole / Africa (cold) __________________________________________

27. Swimming / skating (easy) ____________________________________________

28. The Eiffel Tower / my house (big) ______________________________________

29. A stone / a (heavy) __________________________________________________

30. Planes / cars (fast) __________________________________________________

Irregular adjectives

Normal degree Comparative superlative

Good Better Best
Bad Worse Worst
Far Further Furthest
Little Less Least
Many More Most
Long adjective- are those that have more than one syllable

Normal degree Comparative Superlative

Beautiful More beautiful most beautiful
Careful More careful Most careful
Successful More successful Most successful
Interesting More interesting Most interesting
Frightening More frightening Most frightening
Boring More boring Most boring
Impressive More impressive Most impressive
Educated More educated Most educated
Comprehensive More comprehensive Most comprehensive
Flexible More flexible Most flexible
Awesome More awesome Most awesome
Wonderful More wonderful Most wonderful
Attentive More attentive Most attentive
Difficult More difficult Most difficult
Elegant More elegant Most elegant
Enchanting More enchanting Most enchanting
Intelligent More intelligent Most intelligent
Expensive More expensive Most expensive
Dangerous More dangerous Most dangerous
Relaxing More relaxing Most relaxing
Unforgettable More unforgettable Most unforgettable
Sophisticated More sophisticated Most sophisticated
Content More content Most content
Cheerful More cheerful Most cheerful
Brilliant More brilliant Most brilliant
Famous More famous Most famous
Reliable More reliable Most reliable
Friendly More friendly Most friendly

Exercise 3.
Fill in the correct form of the words in brackets (comparative or superlative).

1. A holiday by the sea is __________ (good) than a holiday in the mountains.

2. It is strange but often a coke is _____________ (expensive) than a beer.
3. Which is the_____________ (dangerous) animal in the world?
4. This flower is______________ (beautiful) than that one.
5. This is the________________ (interesting) book I have ever read
6. Dogs are________________ (intelligent) than rabbits
7. My Chinese class is _______________ (boring) than my mathematics class
8. Our house is_________________ (comfortable) than a hotel
9. Tania is ____________________ (friendly) than Luisa
10. Jose is the _________________ (brilliant) student of our class
11. Life in songo is______________ (expensive) than in Tete city

Build 10 sentences in comparative form using the following adjectives:

Dangerous, content, difficult, famous, helpful, important, surprised, horrible, elegant, attentive.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Topic II present simple

Present simple
Usage:

Positive.

I he
You work she Works
We it
They

I He
You teach She Teaches
we It
they

Verbs ending in sh, ch, ss, o, x. example: reach, wash, watch, go, kiss, mix: add (es) to the verb
after the personal pronoun (he, she, it)

I He
 you She
We Carry Carries
They It

Exercise
1 Complete the sentences with the verb in the correct form.
1 Children………………. a lot of questions (ask)
2 I ……………… classical music (love)
3 You always…………………………………… my birthday (forget)
4She never………………………….. to me. (listen)
5 They usually……………………. Coffee after their evening meal (drink)
6 I…………………………. to work when the weather is cold. (drive)
7 My parents usually…………………….. to our house on Sundays (come)
8 They…………………………. Two languages at school (learn)
9 The village shop……………………………. At 8 o clock in the morning. (open)
10 We ………………. Her a diary every year (give)
11 He often………………………………….with his brother. (Fight)
12 You never………………………… me with my homework. (Help)
13 Big dogs………………………… a lot of exercises. (Like)
14 He ……………………………. Arabic. (Understand)
15 Lessons……………………………... at 7o clock every morning. (Start)

Write the sentences again using she or He

1 I always listen to the radio every morning (He)
…………………………………………………………………………………….
2 I take the dog for a walk every day (She)
………………………………………………………………………………….
3 I usually buy all the food. (He)
……………………………………………………………………………………….
4 I teach history and Latin (She)
………………………………………………………………………………………..
5 I drive to the office every day (He)
……………………………………………………………………………
6 I never wash the car. (She)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………..
7 I open the building every morning. (He)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………….
8 I occasionally write letters to my old school friends. (He)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………
I drink a lot of tea with my breakfast. (He)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………..
10 I watch the football on television every Saturday. (She)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…
Practice
1 Complete the sentences with the verb in the correct form.
1 Children………………. a lot of questions (ask)
2 I ……………… classical music (love)
3 You always…………………………………… my birthday (forget)
4She never………………………….. to me. (listen)
5 They usually……………………. Coffee after their evening meal (drink)
6 I…………………………. to work when the weather is cold. (drive)
7 My parents usually…………………….. to our house on Sundays (come)
8 They…………………………. Two languages at school (learn)
9 .The village shop……………………………. At 8 o clock in the morning. (open)
10. We ………………. Her a diary every year (give)
11. He often………………………………….with his brother. (fight)
12 .You never………………………… me with my homework. (help)
13. Big dogs………………………… a lot of exercices. (like)
14 He ……………………………. Arabic. (understand)
15 Lessons……………………………... at 7o clock every morning. (start)

Write the sentences again using She or He

1. I always listen to the radio every morning (He)
…………………………………………………………………………………….
2. I take the dog for a walk every day (She)
………………………………………………………………………………….
3. I usually buy all the food. (He)
……………………………………………………………………………………….
4. I teach history and Latin (She)
………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. I drive to the office every day (He)
……………………………………………………………………………
6. I never wash the car. (She)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………..
7. I open the building every morning. (He)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………….
8. I occasionally write letters to my old school friends. (He)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………
I drink a lot of tea with my breakfast. (He)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………..
10. I watch the football on television every Saturday. (She)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…

Present simple Interrogative forms

I He
Do You Live…? Does She Live…?
We
They It

Questions form: do, does + subject + infinitive.

There is no (s) at the end of the verb in questions:
She lives ==> does she live…? Not does she lives…? (wrong)
Short answers

I I
You You
Yes, We Do No, We Do not
They They (Don’t)

He He
Yes, She Does No, She does not
It It (doesn’t)

Exercise.
Add do or does to make questions and do, don’t, does or doesn’t for short form
1 ……….. she live with her parents? Yes, ……………………………. .
2 ……………you like your job? No, I…………………….. .
3………..... I speak Italian well? No, you……………….. .
4 ………….. you drive to work? No, I…………………... .
5 …………. They study hard at university? Yes…………………. .
6 …………….. Alan smoke? No, ……………………………… .
7 ………………….. your sister visit you very often? Yes, ………………. .
8 ……………..we usually give her a birthday present? No, …………………. .
9 ……………….. you write to your friends very often? No, I…………………….. .
10 ……………… he help you with the washing very often? Yes, …………………….. .
Make these sentences into questions.
1. The shop closes at 5 o’ clock
…………………………………………………………………………………..
2 they go swimming every weekend.
……………………………………………………………………………………
3she speaks English well.
………………………………………………………………………………….
4 it rains a lot here in Songo
……………………………………………………………………………………….
5 his uncle drinks a lot of tea.
……………………………………………………………………………………..
6 I eat too much, doctor.
……………………………………………………………………………………………
7 Tony often plays golf at the weekends
……………………………………………………………………………………………
His friends visit him most evenings.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….

Write the questions in the present simple.

Where/ you/ work?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
What/she/do?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
Where/he / live?
……………………………………………………………………………………….…..
What music / your husband / like
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
When / she / do her homework
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
Why / we / learn English
………………………………………………………………………………………………
Who / she / teach
……………………………………………………………………………………………
How / I / turn on the television?
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Past Simple Tense Negative Form

I
You do not He does not
We (don’t ) Like She (doesn’t) Like
They It

Negative form: subject + do not or does not + infinitive.

Note: There is no s at the end of the verb in the infinitive:
She likes ==> she does not like… NOT she does not likes (wrong)

Exercise
Change these sentences from the positive to the negative
1. she works very hard
………………………………………………………………………………………
2. It usually snows here in the winter.
……………………………………………………………………………………….

3. I like a big breakfast every morning.

……………………………………………………………………………………….
4 The film starts very early.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
5 He swims every morning.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
6 They always open the windows at night
………………………………………………………………………………………….
7 We often see our neighbours in the garden.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
8 Chris goes on holiday every year.
..............................................................................................
9 These young children learn very quickly
…………………………………………………………………………………………
10 You drive very fast.
………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Exercise
1 Complete the conversation, putting the verb into the present simple.
A. Hello. Nice to see you._______ you_______(work) here?
B. Yes, I do. I am the headwaiter.
A. Oh good. And…………………you…………………(like) it_
B. Oh, yes. i…………………………(love) it here. It is an excellent restaurant. The
chef…………………..,.(cook) wonderful food and the waiters all……………………….(work)
very hard. The only problem is that I………………………. (no go out) in the evening anymore
because I am always busy here.
A. Ah, that’s why we……………………………..(not see) you now at the club.
B. That is right. I only…………………………. (have) one evening free and I
usually………………………(stay) at home then. ……………………….
Maria…………………… (go) to the club now?
A. Oh yes. She does. She………………………….(talk) about you sometimes.
…………………you (see) her?
B. No, i don’t. I am always busy and she…………….(not know) about this new job. I
………………..(telephone) her sometimes but she is always out.
A. well, she…………………….(go out) quite often. But I…………(know)
she……………(want) to see you again.
B. Look at the door! It’s Maria. She is coming in here.