CH-9

Variable air volume diffusers

Welcome to the variable air volume diffusers section of the price

training module in this unit we'll learn how prices line of vis a vis air
distribution products can help you provide superior comfort and control
for your occupants. Conventional systems typically group several
rooms into his own which is controlled by a single thermostat because
every room within the zone can have different heating and cooling
requirements the result is a system that compromise is the comfort of
the occupants in each room with a blanket response to individual
needs. Price vis a vis diffusers on the other hand are self modulating
which means they monitor individual space conditions and the just air
flow to satisfy the occupants selected level of room temperature. The
following interactive training module would explore such topics as the
concept behind the AV diffusers their benefits and how they compare
to conventional air distribution systems. We'll look at some operating
principles including pressure control and learn how to configure
buildings with multiple demands zones once we understand that we'll
take a look at one of prices vis a vis diffusers such as the price Vera
therm. Concept. What are variable air volume diffusers a VA V.
diffuser is a self modulating diffuser which can monitor individual
space conditions and adjust air flow to satisfy the occupants selected
level of comfort the unique design of the price of the AV diffuser
moves an integral damper to vary air flow while maintaining outlet
velocities and excellent throw characteristics. The difference between
vis a vis diffusers and conventional diffusers here are some
characteristics of conventional diffuser system layouts they have
rooms with varying load characteristics large zone controlled by one
thermostat. Do not provide individual control. Room with thermostat
determines air supply to in tires Olen. Over cooling are over heating
may occur in rooms without thermostat. Terminal units control air
volume to each his own. Now here are some characteristics of a vis a
vis diffuser system using price Vera therm diffusers individual space
control and comfort. Their performance maintained that lower flows
each room receives required error value. Modular design allows
relocation as needs change. Standalone unit provide system flexibility
for future requirements. No special training for installation and
maintenance is required. As you can see V. A. V. diffusers offer many
advantages over conventional diffusers we'll take a closer look at
these benefits and how they can be credited towards LEED
certification in the upcoming section. Lead benefits. Vis a vis diffusers
have benefits which can help achieve LEED certification lead stands
for leadership in energy and environmental design and is a national
standard defined by the U. S. green building council the program is
based on these primary categories sustainable sites. Water
efficiency. Materials and resources. Energy and atmosphere. Indoor
environmental quality and innovation and design process. Points and
credits are awarded for various items in each of these categories
buildings are deemed LEED certified buildings if they earn a certain
number of points. The AV diffusers can help achieve LEED points in a
couple of ways occupant control and thermal comfort. Occupant
control. In order to qualify for this credit 50 percent of occupants in
non perimeter spaces must have individual control over the local air
flow temperature and lighting. Vis a vis diffusers such as the price very
thorough allow personal control of his own by letting the user set the
temperature set point locally. Thermal comfort. When designing an
overhead air distribution system the location of air outlets must be
carefully considered to prevent drafts. With prices vis a vis diffusers
supply air is maintained at a high discharge velocity even at very low
flows this ensures that the Calandra effect is maintained dumping is
avoided even mixing occurs and personal comfort is assured we'll
examine this further in the upcoming section. Operating
principles. Call one the effect. When the primary air is this charge from
the air outlet at high velocities it creates a negative or low pressure
zone to form between the air jet and the ceiling this low pressure area
causes the moving air mass to cling to and flow close to the ceiling
surface and is called the cofounder effect or surface effect the back
pain and used for the vero therm series diffusers insures that the
supply air has a smooth transition from the doctor to the room supply
air leaves the diffuser adhering to the ceiling as it flows into the space
delaying the inevitable fall down words where it mixes with air in the
room the design takes advantage of the Calandra effect by directing
the air flow along the ceiling and thereby increasing the throw of the
diffuser to learn more about the client fact you can check out the
space air diffusion and air outlets selection price training
modules. Induction. Induction is the phenomenon of air being drawn
towards air in motion as the speed of air movement increases the
static pressure in his own decreases pulling the surrounding air
towards it induction is important to the performance of mixing systems
it's the high velocity discharge that draws the in room air and mixes it
with the supply air a high performance mixing diffuser will have among
other characteristics hi this charge velocity the price vis a vis diffusers
use this principle to monitor the room temperature from the diffuser
plaque. As conditioned air is discharged from the diffuser at high
velocities air within the room is drawn up to the plaque where the
integral thermostat can accurately measure the temperature of the
room. To learn more about induction you can check out the space
error diffusion price training module. ADP I. Equipment can be set up
to measure temperatures and velocities at uniformly distributed points
in a room. If at each point the draft temperatures within a certain
temperature range and the local velocity is less than 70 feet per
minute than that point meets the comfort criteria after checking all of
these points an error diffusion performance index or 80 P. I can be
determined this ADP I value has proven to be a valid single number
rating of an error diffusion system. The price very therm diffuser is
designed to maintain a relatively constant ADP I over the full range of
movement of their integral dampers as the damper closes their
volume discharge from the diffuser is decreased however the velocity
of the era remains virtually constant due to the resulting reduction in
open area created by the damper movement. By maintaining the air
velocity the very thermally fuser insurers good induction and mixing of
the room air is achieved. To learn more about ADP I you can check
out the comfort criteria section of the price training
module. Temperature measurement. Zone temperatures play a large
role in determining thermal comfort to ensure good thermal comfort
there are 3 main room temperature control techniques to consider one
thermostats which provide a control signal to his own vis a vis terminal
unit. To. Building automated system signals which the room
thermostat sends to system controls 3 vis a vis diffusers with built in
temperature sensors that modulate air flow from the units air sensor
single doctor vis a vis terminal unit. Here a single doctor vis a vis
terminal unit is used to regulate the amount of care supplied into each
room since there's only one VV terminal unit there is only one
thermostat the thermostat signal will determine how much air is
supplied during coolly. When the room is warm more air will be
supplied to the diffusers but a problem arises when the other 2 rooms
without the thermostat don't require cooling vis a vis diffusers. With
any of the price vis a vis diffusers this problem can be overcome by
having control of the supply air in each room the price vis a vis
diffusers have built in thermostats which monitor room air to modulate
the flow of air into a space with this vis a vis control the diffuser will
throttle to a minimum position when the room does not require a
cooling design considerations such as layout restrictions and flow
characteristics for the V. AV diffusers are the same as those for
standard diffusers. If user layouts. Specific rules must be followed
when determining the location of a diffuser in an office space so that
its performance is maximized and the risk of draft is reduced the
following 2 examples will examine poor and good diffuser layout
locating a diffuser inappropriately can result in short circuiting or the
inadequate coverage of cool air leaving space temperature above or
below design. Poor design one locating a diffuser too close to the
wall. Here the diffuser is in the corner of the room beside 2 walls this
location results in long throws on the lower left side of the diffuser
which may or may not be the design intent of the room. The diffuser is
designed to throw the air along the ceiling for a predetermined
distance air coming out of the diffuser on the side facing the corner will
hit the wall and moved downward along it at a high velocity this may
create draft in the occupied zone. To. If user spacing. In this example
to diffusers are placed too close to each other their flow patterns will
interfere and for supply air downwards creating draft in the occupied
so. 3 under supplying. In this case there's a large room with only one
diffuser supplying air this situation will lead to poor air coverage
throughout the room in order to compensate for this supply air flow will
need to be increased which will then lead to draft in the occupied zone
large pressure drops and higher noise levels. For ceiling obstacles this
design shows a diffuser too close to a ceiling obstacle the pattern of
the diffuser will be disturbed and directed downwards causing dressed
in the occupied zone anon center diffuser could also cause longer
throws in one direction then another and potentially star of a section of
fresh air. Good design. One. Center diffusers centering the diffuser in
a room will insure a maximum coverage and throw this is the correct
method of locating the diffuser. 2 diffuser spacing. Providing adequate
space between the diffuser is at least a distance equal to double each
diffusers desired throw will ensure that the diffusers throws will not
interfere with each other. 3 under supplying. When dealing with larger
rooms tried to use more than one diffuser to supply air to the space
believing that money will be saved by putting all the air through one
diffuser will cause more problems in the future. For ceiling
obstacles. Generally ceiling obstacles should never drop lower than
15 degrees below the edges of the diffuser the discharge air will be
affected by a bald heads or ceiling obstacles that do not follow this
rule moving a diffuser away from the ceiling obstacle decreases the
effect on the air flow. Problem solving. Buildings often have multiple
zones that require different air conditioning needs June 2 local
equipment solar loads room locations the number of occupants and
their daily activities for example if we consider a building which
experiences a lot of south facing sunlight during the winter months we
can see that this building has multiple low demands the south and
east side of the building experience a greater solar load than any
other portions of the building and will require a larger cooling period
the north and west walls will require a larger heating period as the
solar load for these faces a smaller. The AV diffusers. If we imagine
that this small office only has one rooftop unit and one thermostat the
system can only satisfy one of the cooling or heating calls a VA V.
diffuser can be incorporated into each room to maintain proper
thermal comfort without additional heating strategies. Automatic heat
cool changeover. Rice vis a vis diffuser models that offer both vis a vis
heating and vis a vis cooling are equipped with an automatic heat cool
changeover device this device senses the diffusers inlet air
temperature activating the heating motive the supply air temperature
is above 82°F or 28°C and activating the cooling mode if the
temperature is below 71°F 421°C the automatic heat cool changeover
feature allows price vis a vis diffusers to seamlessly transition
between modes eliminating any need to adjust the diffuser to
compensate for a change in supply air temperature. Perimeters own
re heat. Aaron under heat or radiant panels offer another solution to
multiple demand spaces the system can be designed so that the air
handling unit supplies cool air to all diffusers and the perimeter
radiation system be dependent on local thermostats. If his own
requires no further cooling the vis a vis diffuser dampers will close and
open of cooling is required there by satisfying the needs of all the
buildings owns. Dr heater. Dr heater stations an alternative to
perimeter radiation or radiant panels allow for thermal and ventilation
demands in a large multiple demands own system. 4 zones that
require heating instead of all the vis a vis diffusers closing when the
air handling unit increases the supply air temperature and the room
temperature increases. Specific doctor Peter stations can energize to
supply heat to the specific zones zones in which the vis a vis diffusers
are within will automatically switch to heating mode if the option is
selected insuring that there is adequate zone ventilation for each
specific zone demand and allow the others wants to continue to
function in cooling mode a major drawback for duct heaters station
design is the additional energy costs required to cool then re heat
there. Pressure control. System without vis a vis pressure control it is
important to control the system pressure for 2 main reasons the first is
to maintain design noise levels if the pressure in the duct work
exceeds the design the noise levels of the diffuser will increase
beyond the design conditions when they throttle the air based on room
load the second reason is to prevent the D. X. coil on a rooftop unit
from freezing over. Platinum bypass. Since this method involves
bypassing air into the ceiling plan measures must be taken to remove
the air or the plan in space could become pressurized which could
result in air leakage through the return grills the combination of
exhaust fans with plan static pressure sensors can control plan and
pressure by dumping excess pressure outdoors another common
method is to incorporate a pressure relief damper on the package
rooftop unit. Ducted bypass damper this method is similar to the plan
return method except in this case you ducked the by pass exhausts
straight to the return duct work. Methods to ensure that the plan does
not get pressurized must still be taken such as an exhaust fan or
rooftop relief damper since the return duct work can still become
pressurized and by pass into the plan. P. R. C. price pressure relief
caller. As pressure relief callers are as simple mechanical way of
controlling system pressure. These callers have bypassed gates that
are forced open by a predetermined system pressure when they open
areas by passed into the ceiling plan and thus reducing the pressure
in the dock. Vis a vis box control the price pressure control valve or
PCV is one method of controlling zone pressure it operates using a
signal from a static pressure sensor which is located in the duct work
when the static pressure increases above the desired levels in the
zone the dapper will close off slightly thereby reducing the amount of
air flow that is allowed to enter the duct work which supplies the
diffuser. Fan speed variable speed drive or in late veins are methods
of fan control that can be used in conjunction with a static pressure
sensor to reduce the total amount of air supply do the controlled zones
fan speed control units should not be used on rooftop units with direct
expansion coils as the lower floor good because the coil to freeze
over. Sizing of diffusers. To determine the correct size of diffuser for
your application first determine the maximum docked pressure in the
system based on the pressure drop between the fan this charge and
the farthest outlet using the modulated flow selection table for the
appropriate vis a vis diffuser find the design doc pressure that best
matches the conditions select the inlet size that meets the specified
sound criteria at the maximum design air volume check the throw
values under these conditions to ensure they match the space
requirements refer to the air distribution guide in the price air
distribution products catalog for more information on throw selection
upon selection of the appropriate diffuser size note the lowest ERA
volume catalog under the duct pressure column. This is the minimum
limit of the diffuser at the listed static pressure I sure that throw noise
and air volume meet the required specifications. Very third. The price
Vera Thurman is the most advanced thermal power vis a vis diffuser
available in the H. FAQ industry today. Using thermal actuators the
very firm provide superior occupant comfort and control by effectively
regulating the supply of conditioned air to the space without use of
electric or pneumatic controls. The price very therm is an excellent
choice for local vis a vis applications such as offices boardrooms and
Smalls owns the Vera therm can also be used throughout the building
as a primary vis a vis system. The price Vera therm offers. Easy
installation and operation. Individual vis a vis own control. Room side
access of all control just months. Low pressure drop and quiet
operation. Hey are I. certify data and. Heating and cooling or cooling
only models. Very firm features. Individual heating and cooling set
points adjustable from the room. Easy installation and
balancing. Balancing or force open mode. Automatic heat cool
changeover. Accurate linkage for exceptional performance in a variety
of conditions. Easily adjustable minimum air flow to satisfy ventilation
requirements and. A 10 year warranty. Stand alone technology the
price fair therm uses built in thermal actuators that monitors supply
and room air temperature and adjust an integral damper to vary the
flow of conditioned air to the space. In heating mode an increase in
the room temperature beyond the room set point will cost the diffuser
to decrease the amount of air delivered to the space and a decrease
in temperature beyond the room set point will cause a corresponding
increase in air delivered to the space in cooling mode air induced over
the thermal actuators will cause the damper to close as the
temperature in the zone decreases reducing the amount of cool air to
the space a rise in the room temperature beyond the room set point
will cause a corresponding increase of cool air to the space. Cost
effective. The very firm is a cost effective method to provide energy
savings and increased thermal comfort through the creation of smaller
zones traditional zoning strategies can fail to satisfy several occupants
in his own that supplies several offices the very firm excels at
delivering individual comfort by providing only the amount of warm or
cool air to satisfy the local environment this can lead to energy
savings and give occupants a level of control previously only available
with higher costs systems. Reliable performance price has a
reputation for cataloging consistent and accurate performance data for
our entire product line the performance of the price Vera therm is
guaranteed by being a R. I. certified a rarity for thoroughly powered vis
a vis diffusers. User friendly. The very firm is easy to install and use
simply opening the plaque allows the user to make control it just
months the plaque pivot securely on a solid hinge and is held closed
by a set of powerful magnets. Easy to read gauges let you know what
your settings are temperature is adjusted with the span of a dial and
the minimum air flow setting is adjusted with the turn of the screw. The
unit is also equipped with a forced open mode to assist in system
balancing all guidelines are simple and easy to follow and are written
in a clear format on each unit optimal security fasteners mechanically
locked the core into the back pan where required by code. Retro fit to
help was troubles owns the Vera therm is also available as a retrofit of
our popular square plaque diffuser or square Colin diffuser found in
buildings across the continent the very firm control module simply
replaces the SPD or S. CD core without the need to replace the back
pan. Why choose the prize Vera thermal over the competition. Price
has carefully examined the industry's requirements for a thoroughly
powered vis a vis diffuser after years of research our engineers have
developed a reliable low cost maintenance free diffuser that offers the
ultimate in personal comfort control letter price representative show
you why the prize Vera therm vis a vis diffuser should be your next
choice for an independent personal comfort system. Conclusion. We
hope that you've enjoyed this look at variable air volume diffusers
we've explored many of their aspects including their concept of using
self modulating diffusers to monitor individual space conditions and
adjust air flow to satisfy occupants selected levels of comfort. We
compare the differences between vis a vis diffusers and conventional
diffusers and we've seen the numerous advantages that they offer
we've listed the benefits they can help achieve LEED
certification. We've also examined operating principles that should be
understood in order to design a successful vis a vis system these
include the cofounder effect induction ADP I temperature
measurement diffuser lay out and pressure control. We covered how
to design with valuable air volume diffusers for buildings with multiple
demands owns using a variety of methods such as multiple error
handling units perimeters own reheat auto heat cool changeover and
ducked heaters. Finally we've seen some of prices product offerings
invaluable air volume diffusers like the cutting edge price where
there. For more in depth information on this topic you can always refer
to the price catalogue. To check out the rest of the units in the price
training module to learn more about air distribution as well as the
extensive line of price products available you can contact your local
price representative or visit our website at W. W. W..price - H.
FAQ.com for more information.