Answer Key(Social Studies reviewer updated1)

1. B
2. D
3. A
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. A
8. A
9. C
10. B
11. B
12. C
13. B
14. B
15. A
16. B
17. B
18. A
19. B
20. C
21. C
22. D
23. A
24. A
25. C
26. D
27. C
28. A
29. C
30. C
31. B
32. B
33. A
34. C, note: D:1st bilingual newspaper
35. C
36. B
37. C
38. B
39. A
40. B
41. B
42. B
43. B
44. B
45. A
46. D
47. C
48. A
49. A
50. A
51. B
52. B
53. D
54. A
55. B
56. B
57. A
58. D
59. A
60. C
61. C
62. D
63. A
64. B
65. A
66. A, -B(largest shell)
67. B
68. B
69. B
70. D
71. D
72. B
73. A
74. C
75. C
76. C
77. B
78. D
79. C
80. B
81. B
82. A
83. C
84. D
85. C
86. B
87. A
88. B
89. B
90. D
91. B
92. D
93. A
94. C
95. C
96. C
97. A
98. A
99. B
100.C
101B

102. A

103. B

104. B

105. C

106. B

107. B

108. A

109. B

110. D

111. A

112.

113. C

114. C

115. C

116. D

117.C

118. C

119. B

120. C
121. C

122.A

123. B

124.B

125. C

126. A

127. D

128. B

129. A

130. D

131. C

132. D

133. D

134. A

135. B

136. D

137. A

138. A

139. A

140. A

141. C

142. C

143. A

144. B

145. B
146. C

147. C

148. A

149. E

150. D

151. A

152. E

153. B

154. C

155. C

156. E

157. D

158. B

159. A

160. B

161. E

162. A

163. A

164. B

165. C

166. A

167. E

168. E

169. B

170. D
171. C

172.E

173. D

174. A

175. C

176. E

177. D

178. C

179. E

180. B

181. C

182. A

183. C

184. B

185. E

186. E

187. E(burgomaster of Germany is equivalent to town mayor in the Philippines)

188. D

189. D

190. B

191. B

192. C

193. C

194. A

195. D
196. B

197. E

198. B

199. C

200. D

201. E

202. B

203. E

204. A

205. C

206. B

207. B

208. C

209. A

210. B

211. A

212. C

213. C

214. A

215. C

216. A

217. B

218. B

219. C

220. B
221. D

222. D

223. A

224. D

225. C

226. D

227. B

228. B

229. A

230. D

231. B

232. C

233. A

234. C

235. C

236. B

237. A

238. D

239. A

240. D

241. C

242. D

243. B

244. C

245. D
246. D

247. C

248. C

249 B

250. D

251. B

252. B

253. C

254. B

255. B

256. B

257. B

258. D

259.D

260. C

261. C

262. C

263. A

264. C

265. C

266. C

267. B

268. B

269. D

270. B
271. C

271. A

272. A

273. C

274. C

275. A

276. D

277. D

278. A

279. B

280. C

281. B

282. C

283. C

284. B

285. C

286. B

287. A

288. C

289. B

290. C

291. C

292. A

293. D

294. C
295. C

296. B

297. A

298. D

299. D

300. B

301. A

302. D

303. C

304. A

305. B

306. A

307. B

308. D

309. B
 Notes:

Gemeinshaft socities- consist of primarily

villages.

gesellshaft society is modernized

-

A de jure government (government of law) is an organized government of a state which has the
general support of the people. A de facto government (government of fact) is a government
which actually exercises power or control but without legal title.
There are three kinds of government of a state which de facto government:

the government that gets possession and control of, or usurps(takes place of a position)

by force or by the voice of the majority, the rightful legal government and maintains itself
against the will of the latter;

that established as an independent government by the inhabitants of a country who rise in

insurrection against the parent state; and

that which is established and maintained by military forces who invade and occupy a territory of
the enemy in the course of war, and which is denominated as a government of paramount force.

The Second Republic of the Philippines was a de facto government of paramount force, having
been established by the Japanese belligerents. On the other hand, in a decision rendered by the
Supreme Court it declared that the government under Corazon Aquino was a de jure government as
the people have already accepted it and the community of nations have recognized its
legitimacy.
Katipunan,Biak na bato,Dictatorial at Revolutionary. There are different forms of de facto
government that were established in the Philippines during the Spanish period; these
governments are the Katipunan, the Biak-na-Bato Republic, the Dictatorial
Government, the Revolutionary Government as well as the First Philippine Republic.
The Katipunan is a secret revolutionary organization in 1896 that was organized by
Andres Bonifacio.

The central government of this secret society was vested in the Supreme Council or
called as the “Kataas-taasang Sangunian”. The Judicial council or the “Sanguniang
Hukuman” is in-charge with the judicial power.

After the founder Andres Bonifacio was executed, Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo assumes
power and established a new government. Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo acted as the first
president of the Philippines by the virtue of the Spanish period election held on the
22nd of March year 1897.

The Biak-na-Bato Republic was founded by Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo on the 1st of
November in the year 1897. The republic only takes effect for two years. However, the
Republic of Biak-na-Bato declared the separation of the Philippine Islands from the
mother country Spain.

The Dictatorial Government is also founded by Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo on 24th of May
1898;

after the outbreak of the Spanish-American War on the 25th of April in the year 1898.
With the Dictatorial government, the Philippine independence was proclaimed on the
12th day of June in the year 1898 in Kawit, Cavite.
The Revolutionary Government is another government established by Gen. Emilio
Aguinaldo on the 23rd day of June in the year 1898; replacing the dictatorial
government. This government aims to struggle for the Philippine independence until the
foreign countries including Spain will recognized the Philippines. It also aims for the
future establishment of the real republic.
The First Philippine Republic was formed by the revolutionary congress of the Filipino
Representatives through the Malolos Constitution. The free and Independent Philippine
republic was inaugurated on the 23rd day of January in the year 1899, making Gen.
Emilio Aguinaldo as the president. However, the new established republic was not
recognized by the family of nations.
In the month of February year 1899, the United States of America annexed the
Philippine Archipelago as a result of the Spanish American War.

After the World War II, the American government grants the Philippines with the
Independence.

OLD NAMES
CHINA- CATHAY
SRI LANKA - CEYLON
THAILND- SIAM
TAIWAN- FORMOSA
MYANMAR- BURMA
VIETNAM –ANNAM
PEN NAMES
1. Mariano Ponce – Tikbalang, kapikulako
2. Jose Rizal – Laong Laan, Dimasalang
3. Del pilar - Plaridel
4. Joseph Estrada – Jose Velarde
5. Iggy Arroyo-Jose Pidal
6. Marcelo H. Del Pilar – Dolores Manapat
7. Ninoy Aquino – Marcial Bonifacio
8. Jose Maria Sison - Amado Guerrero
9. Emilio aguinaldo-Rosalia Magdalo
10. Jose de la Cruz - huseng Sisiw
11. Andres Bonifacio- may pag Asa, Agapito Bagumbayan
12. Jose Corazon De Jesus - Huseng Batute
13. Epifanio de los Santo- G. Solon
14.Emilio Jacinto- Pinkian, Dimas-ilaw
15.Mariano del Rosario-Tito-tato
16. Jose Ma. Panganiban- jomapa
17. Fernando Ma. Guerero- Fluvio Gil
18. Apolinario Mabini- paralitico, dimlas-ilaw, kataba
19.Rafael Palma- dapit hapon
20. Nick Joaquin- Quijano de Manila
21. Pedro Paterno- Magalang, Justo desiderio
Ang Hukbong Bayan Laban sa Hapon, na karaniwang tinatawag na HUKBALAHAP ay
isang sandatahang kalaban ng mga Hapon noong nasasakop pa nila ang Pilipinas. Si Luis Taruc ng Gitnang
Luzon ang nagtatag ng kilusang ito upang makamit ang kalayaan ng Pilipinas laban sa pagmamalupit ng
mga Hapones. Nagkaisa ang pangkat na tawagin ito sa ganitong pangalan. Labis ang paggalang at takot ng
mga tao sa kilusan. Nagdudulot ng malaking pinsala ang kanilang estratehiyang lusub-takbo sa mga
Hapones.

Nagmumula ang lakas ng Hukbalahap sa mga magsasaka at alipin sa gitnang luzon. Isang layunin ng
samahamang ito ay ang unti-unting pabagsakin ang mga hukbong Hapones.
BRANCHES OF THE PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT: SEPARATION
OF POWERS
The Philippines is a democratic and republican state. As a republican state, sovereignty
resides in the People and all government authority emanates from them (Constitution, Art. III,
Sec. 1). “A Republican form of government rests on the conviction that sovereignty should
reside in the people and that all government authority must emanate from them. It abhors the
concentration of power on one or a few, cognizant that power, when absolute, can lead to
abuse, but it also shuns a direct and unbridled rule by the people, a veritable kindling to the
passionate fires of anarchy. Our people have accepted this notion and decided to delegate the
basic state authority to principally three branches of government — the Executive, the
Legislative, and the Judiciary – each branch being supreme in its own sphere but with
constitutional limits and a firm tripod of checks and balances .”

The Executive Branch

The executive branch is headed by the President,

who is elected by a direct vote of the people. The
term of office of the President, as well as the Vice-
President, is six (6) years. As head of the Executive
Department, the President is the Chief Executive. He
represents the government as a whole and sees to it
that all laws are enforced by the officials and
employees of his department. He has control over the
executive department, bureaus and offices. This
means that he has the authority to assume directly
the functions of the executive department, bureau
and office or interfere with the discretion of its
officials. Corollary to the power of control, the
President also has the duty of supervising the
enforcement of laws for the maintenance of general
peace and public order. Thus, he is granted
administrative power over bureaus and offices under
his control to enable him to discharge his duties
effectively.

The President exercises general supervision over all

local government units and is also the Commander-
in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.

Under the existing Presidential form of government,

the executive and legislative branches are entirely
separate, subject only to the mechanisms of checks
and balances. There were attempts to amend the
Constitution in order to shift to a parliamentary
system, but these moves were struck down by the
Supreme Court. The most recent petition that
reached the Supreme Court is Lambino vs. COMELEC.

The Legislative Branch

The legislative branch, which has the authority to make,
alter or repeal laws (see also the definition of “legislative
power“), is the Congress. “Congress is vested with the
tremendous power of the purse, traditionally recognized in
the constitutional provision that ‘no money shall be paid out
of the Treasury except in pursuance of an appropriation
made by law.’ It comprehends both the power to generate
money by taxation (the power to tax) and the power to spend
it (the power to appropriate). The power to appropriate
carries with it the power to specify the amount that may be
spent and the purpose for which it may be spent.

Under a bicameral system, the Congress is composed of the

Senate and the House of Representatives.

The Senate is composed of twenty-four (24) Senators, who

are elected at large by the qualified voters of the
Philippines. The term of office of the Senators is six (6)
years.

The House of Representatives, on the other hand, is

composed of not more than two hundred and fifty (250)
members, unless otherwise fixed by law, who are elected
from legislative districts apportioned among the provinces,
cities and the Metropolitan Manila area, and those who are
elected through a party-list system of registered national,
regional and sectoral parties or organizations. The term of
office of members of the House of Representatives, also
called “Congressmen,” is three (3) years.

The Judiciary
Judicial power is vested in the Supreme Court and in such lower courts
as may be established by law. The judiciary has the “moderating
power” to “determine the proper allocation of powers” between
the branches of government. When the “judiciary mediates to allocate
constitutional boundaries, it does not assert any superiority over the
other departments; it does not in reality nullify or invalidate an act of
the legislature, but only asserts the solemn and sacred obligation
assigned to it by the Constitution to determine conflicting claims of
authority under the Constitution and to establish for the parties in an
actual controversy the rights which that instrument secures and
guarantees to them.” In the words of Chief Justice Reynato S. Puno:
“The Judiciary may not have the power of the sword, may not have
the power of the purse, but it has the power to interpret the
Constitution, and the unerring lessons of history tell us that rightly
wielded, that power can make a difference for good.”
While Congress has the power to define, prescribe and apportion
the jurisdiction of the various courts, Congress cannot deprive the
Supreme Court of its jurisdiction provided in the Constitution. No law
shall also be passed reorganizing the judiciary when it undermines the
security of tenure of its members. The Supreme Court also has
administrative supervision over all courts and the personnel thereof,
having the power to discipline or dismiss judges of lower courts.
The Supreme Court is composed of a Chief Justice and fourteen
Associate Justices. It may siten banc or, in its discretion, in divisions
of three, five or seven members. A member of the Supreme Court must
be a natural-born citizen of the Philippines, at least forty (40) years of
age and must have been for fifteen (15) years or more a judge of a
lower court or engaged in the pratice of law in the Philippines.
Justices hold office during good behavior until they reach the age of
seventy (70) years or become incapacitated to discharge the duties of
their office.
Famous Tandang Sora and Mother of the Revolution-Melchora Aquino
She earned best actress honors in the Lawrence Oliver Awards of London and Tony Awards in
Broadway for her role Miss Saigon- Lea Salonga

The Founder and Organizer of Girl Scouts of the Philippines and Heroine of World War II.-
Josefa Llanes Escoda

One of the first two women judges in the Court of First Instance, the first women bar examiner
in 1959.- Corazon Juliano Agrava

Leading music educator in the country who poured her efforts in indigenous Philipphines
Music and Instruments- Lucresia R. Kasilag

She encourage the development of Arts and Contributed to the Education of Indigent
Students.- Aurora Aaragon Quezon
Chairwomen of the NCC-WS and of the Philippine Women's University Board of Trusties and a
former Senator.- Helen Ziola Benitez

The founder and first president of Centro Escolar de Señorita, now know as Centro Escolas
University.- Librada Avelino

Cecilia Muñoz Palma- The first Female member of the supreme Court, the country's first
woman prosecutor and first woman district judge.

A cartel is a formal (explicit) agreement among competing

firms. It is a formal organization of producers and
manufacturers that agree to fix prices.

pardon made by the president alone,

amnesty made by the president with the concurrence of congress.

Parole once you violate the condition you serve the remaining
sentence.
pardon once you violate you serve the original sentence.

agriculture/agronomy. Rizal's family business is on agriculture. In fact, his surname

Rizal choose by his father means 'green fields' because of they're family business.
his mother want him to take agriculture