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Grade 10 UBD FIRST QUARTER (2019-2020)
Grade 10 UBD FIRST QUARTER (2019-2020)
Grade 10 UBD FIRST QUARTER (2019-2020)
Minglanilla, Cebu
UNIT PLAN
ENGLISH 10
SY 2019-2020
FIRST QUARTER
Teacher: Ms. Donna D. Geonzon
Unit Title: “Expressing and Resolving Personal Unit 1: Classics of the Ancient World
Conflicts”
Unit Description:
The unit focuses on the Classics of the Ancient World and its development and contribution throughout the ages. The unit emphasizes the creativity of authors in creating literary pieces
that become famous until present. It also depicts the significance of making a stand amidst the common beliefs of majority through the image of various characters in each of the literary
pieces. The unit encompasses the ways and manner of expressing and resolving personal conflicts through correct judgment and evaluation using different streams of communication.
Formation Standards:
The learners become critical thinkers and
effective communicators.
Students will understand that: The students will be able to answer the following questions:
1. Literature is the foundation of life. It places an 1. How does literature mold a person’s character?
emphasis on many topics from human tragedies to
tales of the ever-popular search for love. While it is
physically written in words, these words come alive in
the imagination of themind, and its ability to
comprehend the complexity or simplicity of the text.
Literature enables people to see through the lenses of
others, and sometimes even inanimate objects;
therefore, it becomes a looking glass into the world as
others view it. It is a journey that is inscribed in pages,
and powered by the imagination of the reader.
Ultimately, literature has provided a gateway to teach
the reader about life experiences from even the
saddest stories to the most joyful ones that will touch
their hearts.
2. Grammar is very important. Correct grammar keeps 2. How do grammar rules work for effective communication?
you from being misunderstood and lets you effectively
express your thoughts and ideas – key to all business
communications.
3. Theme tells what the story is all about while 3. Why is identifying the theme and message of a literary piece relevant for learning?
message tells what the author wants to audience to
learn. Learning these could help the readers
understand the view of the author.
4. A socially aware individual values human rights and 4. What is the relevance of having media awareness?
acknowledges the importance of harmonious social
interaction for the developmental progress of human
beings. Social awareness spans a wide spectrum,
beginning with social skills development in early
childhood and encompassing the level of social
consciousness that leads to social activism and
societal transformation.
5. Understanding the cultural practices of the people in 5. Why is it relevant to know literary pieces and characters in a specific period in literature?
different literary period will help the students to be
open-minded and be more with the cultural practices
and tradition of the people under various literary
periods.
7. Learning how to Support and Defend gathered facts 7. What is the importance of drawing generalization skills?
and information plays an important role in developing
the self-confidence and reasoning skills of the learners.
8.Tone, mode and literary techniques are very 8. How do tone, mode and techniques contribute to the effectiveness of a literary piece?
significant in writing a literary piece, for these guide the
readers on its content and them, and they give life to
the entire story.
9. Writing simple sentences could be vague and 9. How do clauses function for effective communication?
sometimes boring. Adjective and Adverb clauses help
in making a piece of writing specific and creative.
Having been equipped with Noun clauses, Adjective,
and adverb clauses can enhance the meaning of
different writing materials since they provide additional
and vivid concept.
10. Identifying the author’s purpose is relevant 10. Why is it relevant to identify author’s purpose?
because understanding not only the "why" the author
wrote the story but the "how" the author wrote the story
tunes us in to what we should know by the end of the
text. Essentially, understanding the reason behind the
writing will help with the understanding of the writing. It
gets your mind focused on what you will be reading.
For example if you are thinking you are going to hear
an entertaining story and it is informational, you may be
distracted by the use of words or disappointed with the
content, and this will make you miss the message or
story completely.
11. Understanding context clues is an important skill 11. Why is it important to be skilled at identifying context clues?
in developing the thinking and vocabulary of the
students.
12.Writing Persuasive Texts can help the students 12. Why is it important to identify the features of a persuasive text?
develop their writing and logical skills as well as the
way they express themselves.
13.Identifying and using the features of public 13. Why is it important to identify the features of public speaking?
speaking help students build self-confidence and later
on become effective communicators.
14. Identifying explicit and implicit ideas helps the 14. Why is it important to identify implicit ideas in a specific form of communication?
students develop their reasoning skills.
15.A research paper is not simply an informed 15. What is the significance of writing a research paper?
summary of a topic by means of primary and
secondary sources. It is neither a book report nor an
opinion piece nor an expository essay consisting solely
of one's interpretation of a text nor an overview of a
particular topic. Instead, it is a genre that requires one
to spend time investigating and evaluating sources with
the intent to offer interpretations of the texts, and not
unconscious regurgitations of those sources. The goal
of a research paper is not to inform the reader what
others have to say about a topic, but to draw on what
others have to say about a topic and engage the
sources in order to thoughtfully offer a unique
perspective on the issue at hand. This is accomplished
through two major types of research papers.
16. Footnotes and bibliographies should be written in 16. Why is it important to write footnotes and bibliographies?
order to give credits for those who have worked hard in
order to give the people reliable information.
17. Writing a Position Paper helps students express 17. What is the role of a position paper in one’s society?
their ideas and takes courage to make a stance and
viewpoints so as to come up with a plan of action.
Instructional Materials:
The teacher presents the learning objectives and EQ.
Cartolina strips E.Q :How does literature mold a person’s character?
Copy of the Story
Books
FIRM UP (5 minutes)
References: LITERATURE GROUPING
Galvez, Nicolas M.,etal.Language in Group Work (Group of Six)
Literature World Literature. Araneta The teacher gives handouts on the elements and genres of world literature.
Avenue Quezon City:Vibal The students are given five minutes to discuss among their groups the
Publishing elements and genres of world lit.
House,Inc. 2014.Print.
ASK ME WHAT ACTIVITY (Tag board activity)
[Online] available After 5 minutes, the teacher defines a genre or an element; then, the group will
<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M6p be the one to answer on the tag board.
QScvQsqk>
DEEPEN (35 minutes)
What are psalms?
Psalms are one of the writings during the Ancient Palestinian Literature.
Psalms are essentially sacred songs or hymns that express praise,
thanksgiving, penitence, or supplication.
The teacher will divide the students into four.
The teacher groups the students into 6. Then, she gives 3-5 minutes to answer
the guide questions. After reading, discussion is expected among them.
Psalm 1
1 Blessed is the one
The teacher will process the meaning of Psalm 1 with the guide questions.
She will throw these questions to the group, and let them share about their
understanding.
Process Questions:
1.Why is a person who follows God’s law happy?
2.Is meditating on God’s laws the same as following God’s commandments?
3.Why is a law-abiding person compared to a tree planted by streams of
water?
4.Why is a wicked person like chaff that the wind drives away?
Closure (5 minutes)
EQ: How does literature mold a person’s character?
Values Focus The teacher presents the learning objectives and EQ.
To develop the value of
stewardship VIDEO CLIP PRESENTATION
The teacher shows a video clip about nature. (the closing of Boracay)
Instructional Materials:
Laptop Process Questions:
LCD TV 1.If you were one of the businessmen in the place, what would you tell
Books President Duterte to possibly change his decision?
Worksheets 2.If you were one of the workers, what would you tell Duterte?
3.If you were the President, would you do the same? Why? If not, what would
References: be your suggestion to help in the preservation of Boracay?
Ancheta,Lira R., et al.
Grammar and Writing FIRM UP (5 minutes)
Workbook. Araneta Avenue E.Q: How do grammar rules work for effective communication?
Quezon City:Vibal
Publishing The teacher uses the sentences given. She will let the students identify the
House,Inc. 2012.Print. mood of the verb in each sentence.
The students will be given notes about the three moods of the verb.
Closure (5 minutes)
E.Q: How do grammar rules work for effective communication?
Week 1 Identifying the theme and message EXPLORE (5 minutes) Laptop
Day 3 Classroom Routine (5 minutes) LCD TV Galvez, Nicolas
State clearly the theme and (one-minute silence, spontaneous prayer, recapitulation of the previous lesson) Books M.,etal.Language in
message conveyed by each excerpt from Cartolina Literature World
a specific period in literature The teacher presents the learning objectives and EQ. Literature. Araneta
Avenue Quezon
The teacher presents an environmental issue. City:Vibal Publishing
Support and defend decisions The teacher utilizes A-Z Adjectives approach. House,Inc. 2014.Print.
from predictions and facts gathered A-Z Chart (Cartolina)
through utilizing graphs, maps, flow Describe the video using adjectives.
charts and tables
Process Questions:
Values Focus
To develop the value of 1.What is the video all about?
responsibility towards our creator 2.What does it tell us?
Closure (5 minutes)
E.Q: Why is identifying the theme and message of a literary piece relevant for
learning?
Transfer (5 minutes)
Make a graphic organizer on bubbl.us showing the deep love of God in the
different excerpts that we have tackled.
Note: To continue at home
Instructional Materials:
Laptop
LCD TV
Books
References:
[Online] available
<http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/712170/did-
you-know-more-females-than-males-in-
metro-manila>
Process Questions:
1.What does the video tell the audience?
2.How do you use your accounts?
3.How do you use technology?
4.Are you a responsible user of technology?
5.Is the video fair as far as technology is concerned?
6.What makes it fair?
7.What makes it bias?
Closure (5 minutes)
What is the relevance of having media awareness?
Week 2 UT No. 1
Day 1
Week 2 Classics of the Ancient World EXPLORE (5 minutes)
Day 2 A.AncientGreek Literature Classroom Routine (5 minutes)
Determine and describe the (one-minute silence, spontaneous prayer, recapitulation of the previous lesson)
notable literary pieces and characters in a The teacher presents the learning objectives and EQ.
specific period in Literature E.Q:What universal and relevant values are reflected in the two literary pieces?
Questions:
1.What are the types of literary pieces known in the ancient period? Giev at
least two.
2.Who is the goddess whose one of her sacred animals is a peacock?
3.What is an epic? Give at least one example.
4.Give at least 2 characteristics of Poseidon.
5.How do you differentiate a myth from a legend?
Closure:
E.Q: What universal and relevant values are reflected in the two literary
pieces?
Assignment
The students will be divided into 3 or 4 and plan for a living museum as their
PETE. The members should start thinking for the characters they wish to
portray. The concepts will be written on a short bond paper with their character.
(PETA SCAFFOLDING)
These examples will be used to process the topic. PPT for discussion
3. Some people from different countries seldom pay tribute to their country.
4. Without any hesitations, the President should ask the members of the
congress to draft a bill that will help people love their country even more.
Level 2
Use the following prepositional phrases below as adjectives and adverbs,
explain.
In the Philippines
To the President
For the young people
All over the world
Inside the house
Level 3
On a short essay explain the importance of prepositional phrases in the English
language.(Nationalism)
Closure (5 minutes)
E.Q: How do prepositional phrases function for effective communication?
Week 2 Tagline EXPLORE (5 minutes)
Day 4 Determine how connected events Classroom Routine (5 minutes)
contribute to the totality of a material (one-minute silence, spontaneous prayer, recapitulation of the previous lesson)
viewed The teacher presents the learning objectives and EQ.
E.Q: How important is creativity in creating a tagline?
Express insights based on the
ideas presented in the material viewed Initiation Questions:
1. Is honesty still valued in the modern world?
Draw generalizations based on 2. What difference can honesty make to the world we live in?
the material viewed
The teacher shows a video on honesty.
Values focus
To develop the value of honesty FIRM UP (10 minutes)
Process Questions:
Instructional Materials: 1.What is the video all about?
Laptop 2.What does it tell us?
LCD TV 3.If you hear the word honesty, what statement or line that you remember?
Books
Newspapers ‘Honesty is the best policy.’
News story
References: Videos of different companies with their famous taglines. (Newspapers)
WE FIND WAYS
YOUR HOME IN
THE SKY
SA JOLIBEE BIDA
ANG SAYA
BUILD A CULTURE
OF INNOVATION
Process Questions:
1.What is the relevance of each tagline to the product per se’?
2.What do you think are the reasons the company has come up with this
tagline?
3.As consumers, are these taglines catchy and interesting? In what way?
4.As a group, how were you able to come up with your answers? Did you find
your answers in the pictures I gave you? What did you connect? So when you
connect your previous ideas/experiences and details coming from any material,
what do you call that process or skill?
Library Work
The students will be grouped into five. Then, they will be given various
advertisements written on periodicals, magazines, and newspapers and look
for sample taglines. Each group has to look for five taglines.
Statement
Most of the politicians come from prestigious and catholic schools, how come
most of them are dishonest?
Process Question:
1. What can you say about this statement?
2. Do you agree or disagree?
If yes, what do you think are the factors which affect the honesty or a person?
Formative Test
Create a creative tagline on the statement ‘Honesty is the best policy’.
Closure
E.Q: How important is creativity in creating a tagline?
Week 3 UT No. 2
Day1
Cupid
and
Psyche
Pyramu
s and
Thisbe
After 10 minutes of answering, each group has to post the cartolina on the
board, and they will discuss their answers. The teacher or the class may have
follow up questions to be answered by the group or the teacher.
Closure (5 minutes)
E.Q:How do tone, mode and techniques contribute to the effectiveness of a
literary piece?
Assignment
Research and review on noun, adjective, and adverb clauses.
Start writing the script for your PETA.
Week 3 Noun, adjective and adverb clauses EXPLORE (5 minutes) .
Day 3 Expand sentences using noun, Classroom Routine (5 minutes)
adjective, and adverb clauses (one-minute silence, spontaneous prayer, recapitulation of the previous lesson)
The teacher presents the learning objectives and EQ.
Express ideas and views E.Q: How do clauses function for effective communication?
creatively through the use of noun,
adjective, and adverbs clauses The teacher presents a video clip showing teamwork and cooperation.(Building
Competency: The Turtle and The Rabbit)
Values Focus Process Questions:
To develop the value of teamwork 1.What part of the video is striking?
and cooperation 2.What is its message?
Pretest:
I.Underline the clause in the following sentences. Then, identify its function. (S
= subject, PN = predicate nominative, DO = direct object, IO = indirect object,
OP = object of the preposition).
DIFFERENTIATED ACTIVITIES
Level 1
Directions: Underline the noun clause in each of the following sentences.
On the line before each sentence, identify how the clause is being used in the
sentence. (S = subject, PN = predicate nominative, DO = direct object, IO =
indirect object, OP = object of the preposition).
2. _____ The students were given an award for what they had
accomplished.
Construct sentences with a noun clause following the pattern in each item.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Level 2
3. _____ My mom and dad got quite disappointed for what I did yesterday.
____________________________________
5. _____ I’ll follow whatever the teacher does because she is my idol.
____________________________________
Formative Test
Level 3
Directions: Write 10 sentences that meet the following criteria.
2with a noun clause as a subject
2 with a noun clause as a predicate nominative
2 with a noun clause as a direct object
2with a noun clause as an indirect object
2with a noun clause as the object of the preposition
Closure (5 minutes)
E.Q: How do clauses function for effective communication?
Assignment:
Start working on your materials for the living museum. As much as possible,
you should not spend money for it. Be resourceful
Week 3 Expand sentences using Continuation of the noun clauses
Day 4 adjective and adverb clauses Process Questions:
1.How are adjective and adverb clauses similar to and different from noun
clauses?
PAIR WORK
Each pair is given notes and sample adverb and adjective clauses.
An adverb (adverbial clause) is a dependent clause used as an adverb within a
sentence. Before doing this exercise, you may find it helpful to review the study
sheet Building Sentences with Adverb Clauses.(provided by the teacher)
The adjective clause is used to modify a noun or a pronoun. It will begin with a
relative pronoun (who, whose, whom, which and that) or a subordinate
conjunction (when and where). Those are the only the words that can be used
to introduce an adjective clause. The introductory word will always rename the
word that it follows and modifies except when used with a preposition which will
come between the introductory word and the word it renames. Examples: The
student whose hand was up gave the wrong answer. Whose hand was up is
the adjective clause with those, the relative pronoun, renaming and modifying
student. Jane is a person in whom I can place my confidence. In whom I can
place my confidence is the adjective clause with whom, the relative pronoun,
with the preposition in between it and person, the word that whom renames
and modifies.
ACTIVITIES
I. Underline the adverb clause in the following sentence.
II. Underline the adjective clause in each sentence. Write the word it modifies
at the end of each sentence.
1. The girl who won the first prize is my niece.
2. The forest through which we travelled was dark and gloomy.
3. My sister who lives in Mexico is a nurse.
4. This is the same house that Tennyson occupied.
5. This is the same old story that we have been hearing since our childhood.
6. He has a brilliant son who is certain to bring credit to his family.
7. All that glitters is not gold.
8. He that is down fears no fall.
9. The plan (that) I proposed was rejected.
10. This is the reason why he does not want to come here.
Closure (5 minutes)
How do clauses function for effective communication?
Week 4 UT No. 3
Day 1
Week 4 Identify word meaning through EXPLORE (5 minutes)
Day 2 context clues Classroom Routine (5 minutes)
(one-minute silence, spontaneous prayer, recapitulation of the previous lesson)
Values Focus The teacher presents the learning objectives and EQ.
To develop the values of effective
communication
Processing.
The teacher gives a pretest to identify the level of each student.
1. The lithe girl was successful in the basketball try outs unfortunately the
chubby girl was unsuccessful.
A. sick
B. lean
C. tall
2. The principal encouraged the students to economise their weekly
allowances rather than wasting it on junk food.
A. spend
B. invest
C. save
3. The lamb was very feeble whereas the lion was very strong.
A. weak
B. small
C. tall
4. Nelson Mandela finally received his freedom after spending several
yearsincaptivity.
A. Martinique
B. prison
C. a hospital
5. The dectecive ruled that Kaycee's death was unintentional.
A. misunderstood
B. deliberate
C. accidental
7.The man who lives next door spoke brusquely to the young children, unlike
his wife who is always polite.
A.gruffly or impolitely
B.courteously
C.kindly
D.calmly
8.Although the cabinet was ligneous, it wasn't made with real wood.
In this sentence, the word ligneous means
A.native
B.brown
C.wood-like
D.empty
9.Ashley stared at the newest style of jeans in the catalog. She just had to
have them. Her birthday money was not quite enough to cover the expense.
Although she didn't want to grovel, she decided to plead with her parents for
the money to buy them.
In this sentence, the word grovel means
A.network
B.revolt
C.plead
D.resist
10.Bobby thinks it's funny to tantalize Sally, such as making fun of her curly
hair, but it only makes the other kids mad at him.
In this sentence, the word tantalize means
A.rush
B.tease
C.talk to
D.poke
11.The tornado annihilated the whole town to the point that nothing was left
standing.
In this sentence, the word annihilated means
A.saved
B.constructed
C.destroyed
D.created
12.Famous conquistadors include Cortes, who conquered Aztec Mexico and
Pizarro, who conquered Inca Peru.
In this sentence, the word conquistadors means
A.losers
B.victims
C.geographers
D.conquerors
13.I know that Jeff is smart, so I was confused when he did such a vacuous
thing as to jump off the roof of our house.
In this sentence, the word vacuous means
A.annoying
B.cowardly
C.outstanding
D.stupid
14.The new speaker from the health clinic was so inarticulate that all of us
left the auditorium wondering what the message was.
In this sentence, the word inarticulate means
A.cowardly
B.conflicted
C.full of anger
D.unclearly spoken
15.The departing president of the organization gave his valediction. When he
was through, he welcomed the new president to the podium.
In this sentence, the word valediction means
A.beginning
B.starting
C.welcome
D.farewell
16.Terry was obstinate; she was being stubborn and refused to see any
movie other than the one she wanted.
In this sentence, the word obstinate means
A.compliant
B.easily gives in
C.stubborn
D.peacemaker
17.The eccentric old woman lived in a house that was anything but normal.
In this sentence, the word eccentric means
A.odd or bizarre
B.normal
C.regular
D.average
18.The giant ice cream sundae was so scrumptious that I ate the entire thing.
In this sentence, the word scrumptious means
A.delicious
B.awful
C.yucky
D.large
Closure (5 minutes)
E.Q: Why is it important to be skilled at identifying context clues?
Assignment
Formative Test
Text: Why You Should Not Eat Fast Food
1.Identify the techniques used by the author to persuade his or her readers.
Closure (5 minutes)
E.Q
Why is it important to know the features of a persuasive text?
TRANSFER
Assignment
By pair, write a persuasive text hitting the value of critical thinking.
Week 4 Identify the features of public EXPLORE (5 minutes)
Day 4 speaking Classroom Routine (5 minutes)
Interpret and employ the (one-minute silence, spontaneous prayer, recapitulation of the previous lesson)
techniques and ethics of public speaking The teacher presents the learning objectives and EQ.
Values Focus E.Q: Why is it important to identify the features of public speaking?
To develop the values of courage
The teacher presents a video of a person doing a public speaking. (World
Instructional Materials: Champion Public Speaking Darren Tay)
Laptop
Video Clip Initiating Questions:
LCD TV 1.What do you think make the guy win as 2016 Public Speaking World
Books Champion?
Chart 2.What does he have?
Handouts 3.What did he incorporate in his speech?
The teacher gets a bottle of sayings that will be elaborated by the students.
Each picks a paper with a saying. Then, the students are given enough time to
organize their thoughts and practice how they will deliver it.
TRANSFER
Perform a public speaking.
Choose a statement and explain in front of the class.
Criteria:
Content:4
Organization:4
Confidence:4
Impact:4
Grammar and Mechanics:4
Closure (5 minutes)
E.Q: Why is it important to identify the features of public speaking?
Assignment:
Start memorizing your lines for your PETA.
Week 5 Arabic Literature EXPLORE (5 minutes)
Day 1 Identifying Explicit and Implicit Ideas in Classroom Routine (5 minutes)
a literary text (one-minute silence, spontaneous prayer, recapitulation of the previous lesson)
Identify explicit and implicit ideas The teacher presents the learning objectives and EQ.
EQ: Why is it important to identify implicit ideas in a specific form of
Values focus communication?
To develop the values of
truthfulness and loyalty The teacher uses listening for details. (ISSUE on MIGRATION)
Five W’s about the story.
Materials: The issues are processed by the teacher.
Cassette Player
Speaker Process Questions:
Books 1.What is the video about?
I Learned Statement 2.What is the implicit message in the video?
Table
DEEPEN
References: The teacher provides a PPT presentation about explicit and implicit ideas.
[Online] available The students read ‘El Cid’ and answers the following questions.
<http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1027 Explicit
2699/what-is-the-different-between- 1.Who is the main character in the story?
explicit-and-implicit-activity-call-in- 2.To whom did El Cid entrust his family and servants?
android> 3. What effect did the voluntary giving up of home, family, and property by his
sympathizers have?
Implicit
4.What virtues of El Cid maybe inferred from the excerpt? Support your
answer
4.What traits does a person have when he or she is able to hold such loyalty
of the people?
5.Have you read of any person in literature who commanded such a
following?
Describe him or her.
6.Is there any person in your community who may be equal to El Cid in
popularity? On what is his/her popularity based?
“I learned” Statement
Closure ( 5 minutes)
EQ: Why is it important to identify implicit ideas in a specific form of
communication?
Sharing of topics
1.Topic
2.Author
3.Findings
Formative (5 minutes)
Explain the content of the following in 1-2 sentences.
1.Title
2.Abstract
3.Introduction
4.Methods/Procedure
5.Results
6.Discussion/Conclusion
7.Bibliography
Closure
EQ:Why do we need to do research?
Week 5 UT No. 4
Day 4
Keep far from a false charge, and do not kill the innocent and righteous, for I
will not acquit the wicked.
DEEPEN
Process Questions:
Closure (5 minutes)
E.Q: Why write a position paper?
Transfer (Scaffolding)
Choose a current issue (SOCIAL ISSUE), and write a position paper.(Five
Members)
Student 1 Leader
Student 2 Assistant Leader
Student 3 Secretary
Student 4 and 5 Researchers
Week 6 PETA PRACTICE IN THE VENUE/ GENERAL REHEARSAL
Day 3
Week 6 PRESENTATION
Day 4
Living Museum Presentation Rubric
Category 4 3 2 1
Content Provides clear purpose and Provides clear purpose and Some important concepts are Most important concepts are
subject; important examples and subject; important examples but missing. missing.
significance of the presentation less significance of the
presentation
Speech Clearly focused: good detail Well-prepared; more rehearsal Some lines are forgotten. Most lines are forgotten.
Clearly heard and understood needed
Remained character
Costume Eye-catching Attractive-some detail Some of the costumes are Most inappropriate
Excellent detail inappropriate
Props Relevant and used in the Some details are lacking Most details are lacking. Props are somewhat irrelevant and
presentation lacking.
Added to the believability of the
character and attractiveness of the
exhibit
Research Organized and of presentation Some important information are more research needed Incomplete, or not for public
quality. Complete lacking. presentation