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One Sample T
One Sample T
One Sample T
The one Sample t-test determines whether the sample mean is statistically
different from a known or hypothesized population mean. The one sample t-test is a
parametric test.
Test Variable
In a one sample t-test, the test variable is compared against a “test value”, which
is a known or hypothesized value of the mean in the population.
Hypotheses
The null hypothesis (𝐻0 ) and (two-tailed) alternative hypothesis (𝐻1 ) of
the one sample t-test can be expressed as:
𝐻0 𝜇 = 𝑥̅ (“the sample mean is equal is equal to the [𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑑] population
mean”)
𝐻1 𝜇 ≠ 𝑥̅ (“ the sample mean is not equal to the [𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑑] population
mean”)
Where 𝜇 is a constant proposed for the population mean and 𝑥̅ is the sample mean.
𝑥̅ −𝜇
𝑡= 𝑠𝑥̅
Example
Consider 20 first year resident female doctors drawn at random from one area,
resting systolic blood pressures measured using an electronic sphygmomanometer
were:
128 127
118 115
144 142
133 140
132 131
111 132
149 122
139 119
136 129
126 128
From previous large studies of women drawn at random from the healthy
general public, a resting systolic blood pressure of 120 mm Hg was predicted as the
population mean for the relevant age group. To analyse these data in StatsDirect first
prepare a workbook column containing the 20 data above or open the test workbook
and select the single sample t test from the parametric methods section of the analysis
menu. Select the column marked "Systolic BP" when prompted and enter the
population mean as 120.
Sample size n = 20
Sample sd = 9.960316
df = 19
t = 4.512404
Exercises
A research study was conducted to examine the differences between older and
younger adults on perceived life satisfaction. A pilot study was conducted to examine
this hypothesis. Ten older adults (over the age of 70) and ten younger adults
(between 20 and 30) were give a life satisfaction test (known to have high reliability
and validity). Scores on the measure range from 0 to 60 with high scores indicative of
high life satisfaction; low scores indicative of low life satisfaction. The data are
presented below. Compute the appropriate t-test.