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Ijsred V2i5p86
Ijsred V2i5p86
1 2
E mv (1)
2
Where m and v are rate of flow of wind and speed of
Fig.2 Equivalent circuit of PMSG in synchronous reference frame
undisturbed wind respectively, and the rate of flow of wind is
the function of air density, area through wind is passing and
speed of wind then the power contains in undisturbed wind d ds
can be also written as, Vds (Ids R s r qs ) (5)
dt
1
P Av 3 (2) d qs
2 Vqs (I qs R s r ds ) (6)
dt
Where ρ and A are the density of wind and swept area of
wind turbine respectively C. Modeling of photovoltaic system
Power output from the wind turbine is given as, Photovoltaic system is manly depends on PV module which
1 is consist with PV cell equivalent circuit of PV cell is given in
P Av 3C p (3) Fig. 3
2
R
3
1
P R 2 C (4)
2 p
Where λ is tip speed ratio it is depends on wind speed
length of blade and generator angular speed in the case of
direct driven wind turbine. And Cp is the betz limit its
optimums value is 0.49. Characteristic of wind turbine is
shown in Fig. 1
Fig. 3 The equivalent circuit of PV cell
B. Modeling of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator
(PMSG) Current equation of PV module are given as,
To analysis equivalent circuit of PMSG normally modeled
in synchronous reference frame. To model PMSG rotor
q (Vpv rs ) Vpv I pv rs PMSG direct driven system is connected because of these
I pv I li I o e Ai 1 (7) wind turbine design is calculated on generator speed from the
rsh
equations (3) for the 2MW of rating of wind turbine with
Where Ipv output current of PV panel, ILi light induced
consideration of rated wind speed 12m/s, and finding the
current, Io is the reverse saturation current q is the electron
value of length of blade is 35.3m.
charge, Vpv is the voltage of PV, η is the Boltzmann
1
constant, Ai is the semiconductor material ideality factor and P Av 3C p (11)
ϴ is the cell temperature Light induced current is given as 2
Where ρ=1.225 and A=2πR2 from this eq. R is find out.
I li G (t) I sc i ( r ) (8)
Where G(t) solar irradiation in (w/m2) Isc is short circuit B. Designing of Solar energy conversion system
current, βi temperature coefficient in (per °C) and ϴr is PV array designing is depends on solar irradiation profile
reference cell temperature and reverse saturation current is as well as temperature. From Eq. (10)
given as Ppv N s N p Pmod mppt oth (12)
E b 1 1
3
I
A r
Power generated by SECS is Ppv =100kW, Single PV module
I e (9)
i
o rs
r power = 218.871W, MPPT efficiency = 95% and
Where reverse saturation current at standard efficiency due to other factor = 98% there for No. of
testing condition and is energy band gap. Power provided series and parallel PV module can estimate with consideration
by PV array is written as voltage level.
Fig. 10 Performance of PV system under sudden decreased in solar Demonstrating the performance of proposed system under
irradiation normal conditions when wind speed is fixed at 12 m / s with
disturbance depicted in Fig. 13. When PMSG operated near
C. Performance of PV system under sudden rise in solar rated speed at 2.72 rad/s, active power generated from wind
irradiation turbine is 2 MW and electromagnetic torque of generator is
Fig. 11 shows the performance of PV system under -0.68 MN-m (negative sign indicate that machine operated as
sudden rise in solar irradiation from 800 w/m2 to 1000 generator). Machine side converter maintained DC link
w/m2.To extract the maximum power, power generation via voltage at 1400V.
PV system is from 80 kW to 100kW. Here also wave is sub
divided into five parts.
H. Performance of grid of proposed hybrid power system Fig. 17: Power quality analysis of grid voltage of co
generation unit
Fig. 13 shows the performance of grid of cogeneration
G. Power quality analysis grid current
unit. Here performance of proposed system analyzed, in
which first wave represents to grid voltage second one to grid
injected current third one is grid injected active power while Fig 18 shows the voltage waves of grid current of phase A
fourth one reactive power wave. It is observed that whenever and its THDs analyzed and observed that THDs was 3.4%. it
power generation by wind and PV increases then grid injected is under the IEEE standard. This is possible due to control
current is increases and therefore active power is increases. strategy of inverter.
I. Power quality analysis grid voltage