ME-

6713COMPREHENSI
ON

Name:
A.ANDREWSPRAVI
NSHA
Regno:
813016114003
Year&Dept:
Final
yearMechani
cal
Col
l
ege:
Oxf
ordengi
neer
ingcol
l
ege
Topi
c:Aer
ody
nami
csi
nAi
rcr
aft
s
 AERODYNAMI
CSI
NAI
RCRAFTS

Aer
ody
nami
cs:

Thest
udyoft
heproper
tiesofmov
ingai
randt
hei
nter
act
ionbet
weent
he
ai
randsol
i
dbodiesmovi
ngt
hroughit
.

Aer
ody
nami
csi
nAi
rcr
aft
s:

Aerodynamicsi
sthestudyoff or
cesandtheresul
ti
ngmotionofobj
ect
s
t
hroughtheair
.Studyi
ngt hemoti
onofairaroundanobjectall
owsustomeasurethe
f
orcesofli
ft
,whichallowsanair
craf
ttoov ercomegrav
ity
,anddrag,whi
chisthe
r
esist
anceanaircraf
t“feel
s”asi
tmov esthroughtheai
r.

Whentheairpl
aneisinl
evelf
li
ghtataconst antspeed,
theforceofthe
t
hrusti
sjustenoughtocounteractt
heaerodynamicdrag.Mov i
ngaircanalsogenerat
e
f
orcesi
nadi ff
erentdi
rect
ionfrom t
hefl
ow.Thef or
cet hatkeepsanairpl
anefrom
f
all
ingi
scalledli
ft
.Lif
tisgenerat
edbyanaircraf
twing.
LI
FTFORCE:

Lif
tistheforcethatdi
rect
lyopposest heweightofanair
planeandhol
dstheair
plane
i
nt heair
.Li
ftisgeneratedbyeverypartoftheair
plane,
butmostoft heli
ftonanor
mal ai
rl
ineri
s
generat
edbyt hewings.Lif
tisamechani calaer
odynami cfor
ceproducedbythemoti
onoft he
ai
rplanethr
oughtheai r
.

Pr
inci
plesi
nLi
ftf
orce:

 Ber
noul
l
i'
spr
inci
ple"
fast
erai
rfl
ow=l
owerai
rpr
essur
e"

 Newt
on'
sthi
rdl
awofmot
ion"
ever
yact
ionhasopposi
ter
eact
ion"

THRUSTFORCE:

 Thrusti
sthefor
cewhi chmovesanaircraf
tt hrought
heair
.Thrusti
susedt o
overcomethedragofanair
plane,
andt oov ercometheweightofarocket
.Thrusti
s
generat
edbytheenginesoftheai
rcr
aftthroughsomeki ndofpropul
sionsystem.

 Thr
ustf
orcei
spr
oducedbyai
rcr
aftengi
nes
DRAGFORCE:

 Dragistheaerodynamicf
orcethatopposesanai r
craf
t'
smot iont
hrought heair
.
Dragisgeneratedbyever
ypartoftheairpl
ane(eventheengines!
)..
..Dragis
generat
edbyt hedif
fer
enceinveloci
tybetweenthesoli
dobjectandt hefl
uid.
Theremustbemot i
onbetweentheobjectandtheflui
d.

 Ther
ear
etwot
ypesofDr
ags

 Par
asi
tedr
ag(
fast
ery
ougo,
mor
eai
rresi
stance)

 I
nduceddr
ag(
slowery
ougo,
great
erangl
eofat
tack

WEI
GHT:

 Gr
avi
tyf
orceonapl
andownwar
ds

 Count
eract
edbyl
i
ft

 Whenwei
ght>l
i
ft,
thepl
anedescends.

 Whenwei
ght<l
i
ft,
thepl
anecl
i
mbs
CONTROLSOFAI
RCRAFTS:

 Rudder

 El
evat
ors

 Ai
l
erons

Rudder
:

 I
tisusedt
ocont
rol
yaw

 Thev er
ti
cal
stabi
l
izerprevent
ssi
de-
to-
side,
oryawi
ng,mot
ionoft
heai
rcr
aftnose..
..The
rudderi
susedtocontrolt
heposi
ti
onofthenoseoft
heair
craf
t
El
evat
ors:

 I
tcont
rol
sthepi
tchoft
heai
rcr
aft(noseup/nosedown)

 I
tpl
acedonhor
izont
alst
abi
l
izer
.

 Basi
cal
l
yasi
deway
srudder
.

Ai
l
erons:

 I
tcont
rol
sther
oll
ofai
rcr
aft
.

 I
tpl
acedonbot
hwi
ng.

 Wi
ngsmov
esopposi
tet
oeachot
her(r
ightai
l
eronup,
lef
tai
l
erodown)

CONCLUSI
ONS:

I
nconclusi
on,aerody
namicsplaysapivotalrol
einair
craftper
for
mance.Thestudyof
aer
odynamicshasbeenusedt ocont
inuall
yimpr ov
eupont heuniqueshapeofai
rpl
aneswings
andthestudyofaerodynami
cscanbev eryusefulforappl
i
cationsoutsi
deoft
hereal
m of
avi
ati
on.