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海工08期中考題
海工08期中考題
2008/04/14
海岸 沙灘
近岸地區
碎波帶
折射
高潮位 反射 繞射 淺化
碎波 碎波
你要保守你心勝過保守一切,因為一生的果效是由心發出。聖經箴言五章二十三節
2
2008/04/14
sin θ 0 sin θ
所有的計算可以參考右列公示: c0 = c, Co bo ,Cg =
1
(1+
2kh
)C ,
H2 = H0
2C g b2 2 sinh 2kh
cosh k ( h + z )
P = ρgK p ( z ) η , K p ( z ) =
cosh kh
ANS: (如圖上標示)
ANS:
K
k
1 1 L0 1 505.44
ANS: (a) L0 = 1.56T 2 = 505.44 > T = 18 s Cg = C0 = = = 14.04 m
2 2 T 2 18 s
2π 2π
(b) σ = = = 0.35
T 18
g 9.81
你要保守你心勝過保守一切,因為一生的果效是由心發出。聖經箴言五章二十三節
3
2008/04/14
> k5 = 0.051 > L5 = 123.200 m
C0 1.56 ×18 18
g 9.81
由Snell’s law sin θ10 = sin θ 0 × C10 = sin 30 × 174.533 = 0.173 > θ10 = 9.942D
D
C0 1.56 ×18 18
g 9.81
由Snell’s law sin θ15 = sin θ 0 × C15 = sin 30 × 209.404 = 0.207 > θ15 = 11.955D
D
C0 1.56 ×18 18
(c) 淺化:水深越小,波長越短之淺化變形之描述得到印證。
折射:水深越小, θ 越小,照此趨勢,入射角將在水深極小時趨近於垂直入射。
1⎛ 2kh10 ⎞ 1 ⎛ 2 × 0.361 ⎞
ANS: (a) 由 kh10 = 0.361 & θ10 = 9.942D 得 n = ⎜ 1 + ⎟ = ⎜1 + ⎟ = 0.959
2 ⎝ sinh 2kh10 ⎠ 2 ⎝ sinh(2 × 0.361) ⎠
174.533
> Cg10 = nC = 0.595 × = 9.299 m
18 s
⎛ 2kh15 ⎞ 1⎛ 2 × 0.447 ⎞
由 kh15 = 0.447 & θ15 = 11.955D 得 n = 1 ⎜ 1 + ⎟ = ⎜1 + ⎟ = 0.939
2 ⎝ sinh 2 × kh15 ⎠ 2 ⎝ sinh(2 × 0.447) ⎠
209.440
> Cg15 = nC = 0.939 × = 10.926 m
18 s
你要保守你心勝過保守一切,因為一生的果效是由心發出。聖經箴言五章二十三節
4
2008/04/14
H H 1
(b) 由 0 < 0.78 或 < 判斷
h L 7
L10 174.533
> 第一節點距堤面 = = = 43.633 m
4 4
B5. (10分) The harbor entrance shown below is designed for the following deep water wave
conditions H0=5m, T=18s; It is desired to design the width at station B such that the wave
height at station B resulting from the design wave is 2m. What must be the slope of the side
wall between A and B for this criterion to be satisfied? Use following information bA=100m,
hA=15m, hB=10m. and assume that the wave height is uniform across the harbor width at
station B and that the spacing between orthogonals at station A is one half (1/2) that in deep
water.
ANS: 由B4 & B5題知
LA L15 209.44
CA = = = = 11.636 m ; khA = kh15 = 0.447
T T 18 s
1 2kh 1 2 × 0.447
> CgA = (1 + )C A = (1 + ) ×11.636 = 10.643 m
2 sinh 2kh 2 sinh 2 × 0.447 s
LB L10 174.533
CB = = = = 9.636 m ; khB = kh10 = 0.361
T T 18 s
1 2kh 1 2 × 0.361
> CgB = (1 + )CB = (1 + ) × 9.636 = 9.243 m
2 sinh 2kh 2 sinh 2 × 0.361 s
又已知 bA = 1 > b0 = 2
b0 2 bA
C0 b0 28.08 2
H A = H0 =5 = 8.12 m
2CgA bA 2 ×10.643 1
由能量通量守恆,又 H A = 7.07 m 及 H B = 2 m
你要保守你心勝過保守一切,因為一生的果效是由心發出。聖經箴言五章二十三節
5
2008/04/14
H A2 CgAbA 8.122 × 10.643 × 100
> 已知 H B = 2 m > bB = = = 1898.030 m
H B2CgB 22 × 9.243
( bB − bA )
Slope tan β = 2 = 0.1498
6000
B6 (10分) A wave of 12s period is propagating toward the rubble mound off-shore breakwater.
The recording determined by the traversing pressure sensor is shown below. Assuming no
energy dissipation by the breakwater, What are (a) the incident and reflected wave height Hi
& Hr?, (b) the transmitted wave height HT ? ( (ηt ) = 1 ( H i + H r ) , (ηt ) = 1 ( H i − H r ) )
max min
2 2
ANS: 從 P = ρ gK p ( z )η
4700
Pmax = = ρ gK p ( z )η max --------(1)
2
2100
Pmin = = ρ gK p ( z )η min ---------(2)
2
cosh k ( 30 − 20 ) cosh10k
當 h = 30 m > K p ( z ) = K p ( z = −20 m ) = =
cosh 30k cosh 30k
2π 2π σ 2 h 0.5242 × 30
(a) T = 12 s , h = 30 m > σ = = = 0.524 > = = 0.840
T 12 g 9.81
由試誤法求得 kh = 1.07 > k = 0.036
你要保守你心勝過保守一切,因為一生的果效是由心發出。聖經箴言五章二十三節
6
2008/04/14
2π
ANS: (a) (上游) 造波板: Lup = 4 × 4.17 = 16.68 m > K up = = 0.377
16.68
2π
(下游) 沙灘: Ldown = 4 × 3.65 = 14.60 m > K down = = 0.430
14.60
(b) 從下游 h = 2 m 處,藉 σ 2 = gkdown tanh kdown hdown = 9.81× 0.43 × tanh(0.43 × 2) = 2.937
2π 2π
> σ = 1.714 , T = = = 3.666 s
σ 1.714
⎛ 2 ⎞
因為 T 守恆,則在以 σ 2 = gkup tanh kup hup > tanh kup hup = σ > kup hup = tanh −1 ⎜ σ
2
⎜ gkup ⎟⎟
gkup ⎝ ⎠
HR H
KR = = 0.34 , KT = T = 0.95 , check Eloss
Hi Hi
基本上,無法確定能量是否守恆,因為水槽不知是否等寬,且有無能量損失。
6000 m
你要保守你心勝過保守一切,因為一生的果效是由心發出。聖經箴言五章二十三節