SOIL & LA ND

POLLU TI ON

A PRESENTATION BY:
Bautista, Brioso, Cochoty,
Oreta, and Puno
 DISCUSSION POINTS

IT SOIL & LAND II. SOURCES OF SOIL & LAND

I. WHAT IS POLLUTION
POLLUTION

III. EFFECTS OF SOIL AND LAND IV. TYPES OF SOIL AND LAND
POLLUTION POLLUTANTS
 DISCUSSION POINTS

S/ SOLUTIONS VII. SOIL AND LAND POLLUTION IN

VI. PREVENTION THE PHILIPPINES
 S IT SOIL & LAND
WHAT I
POLLUTION ND
l
SOIL & LA
POLLUTION
jo r en v ir o n m e n t a
Land Pollution is a ma n , in o t h er
n d p o l lu t io
challenge we face. “La tr u ct io n of
at io n o r d es
words, means degrad t ly o r
n d s o il, d ir e c
the Earth’s surface a t ivit ie s,”
t o f h u m a n a c
indirectly as a resul
vat ion Institu te , 2 0 1 8). 
(Conser

at w e n e e d t o ad d re ss
This is a problem th h av e he a v y
becau se of ho w it w ill
r ight a w ay ,
le o f h u m a n s, a n im a l s
impacts on the lifesty e pl a n et .
fac t o rs in th
all abiotic and biotic o n m en t d u e
to th e e n v ir
“The adverse changes t h e p r o bl e m
s ub tl e , b u t
to land pollution are o n s er v a t io n
ap p e a r s ,” (C
is much bigger than it
Institute, 2018).
 IS IT SOIL & LAND
WHAT
POLLUTION
an d p o l l u t io n , h a s SOIL & LAND
POLLUTION
oll u tio n , re la t e d to l
So il p at t h e w orld
h a l l e n g e t h
gradually become a c s m a jo r it y o f
o n t a in
is facing today. Soil c g o r g a n is m s a n d
ic l iv in
micro and macroscop n k o f b a c t e r ia l
ge c h u
it is also home to a lar
biodiversity. 
ro c es se s t h a t c a u s e the
The different p h e p l a n e t is w h at
s t o f t
weathering of the cru p o s s ib l e. “S o il
o f s o il
allows the formation th a t c a uses
to a n y t h in g
pollution refers e g r a d e s t h e s o il
an d d
contamination of soil o l l u t a n ts
h en t h e p
quality. It occurs w es t h e q u a lit y of
n r e d u c
causing the pollutio in h a b it a b l e for
t h e s o il
the soil and convert rg a n is m s l iv in g
a c r o o
microorganisms and m
e so il,” (T o p p r , 2 0 19 ).
in th
 IS IT SOIL & LAND
WHAT
POLLUTION
an d p o l l u t io n , h a s SOIL & LAND
POLLUTION
oll u tio n , re la t e d to l
So il p at t h e w orld
h a l l e n g e t h
gradually become a c s m a jo r it y o f
o n t a in
is facing today. Soil c g o r g a n is m s a n d
ic l iv in
micro and macroscop n k o f b a c t e r ia l
ge c h u
it is also home to a lar
biodiversity. 
ro c es se s t h a t c a u s e the
The different p h e p l a n e t is w h at
s t o f t
weathering of the cru p o s s ib l e. “S o il
o f s o il
allows the formation th a t c a uses
to a n y t h in g
pollution refers e g r a d e s t h e s o il
an d d
contamination of soil o l l u t a n ts
h en t h e p
quality. It occurs w es t h e q u a lit y of
n r e d u c
causing the pollutio in h a b it a b l e for
t h e s o il
the soil and convert rg a n is m s l iv in g
a c r o o
microorganisms and m
e so il,” (T o p p r , 2 0 19 ).
in th
 SOURCES OF S OIL
AND LAND
POLLUTION

Soil pollution can be natural or due to

human activity. However, it mostly boils
down to the activities of the human that
causes the majority of soil pollution such
as heavy industries, or pesticides in
agriculture.
 SOURCES OF SOIL & d s t o a ci di f ic a t io n o f
LAND POLLUTION Inorg a
n
n
d
i
c
c
o
F
n
e r
t
t
a
il
m
i
i
z
n
er
at
s
e
, “
t
l
h
e a
e a g r i c u ltu
,”
r
(
a
T
l
o
s
p
o
p
i
r
l
,
.
2
A
0
l
1
s
9
o
);
Pesticides, these are chemicals often used in soil a emi c a l p o l l u t io n
n a s a g r o c h ic a l w a s t es
agriculture to get rid of pests, they are made up know , t h es e a r e c hem
r ia l P o l l u t io n h c a u s e
of harmful chemicals that are damaging to the Ind u s t d u s tr i es w h ic
u fa c t ur i n g in
environment fro m m a n
e e n v i r o n m e nt e s o il
Chlorinated Organic toxins, “the harmful effects har m t o t h e s , t he s e c a u s
a t i on P r a c tic h
of DDT and other chemicals led to the
In f e ri o r Ir r ig y o f s o il w h ic
u c e t h e q u a l it
introduction of less persistent organic and
a lin ity a n d r ed , 
s d e g r a d a t io n d
more-biodegradable substance such as
l e a d t o s o i l o f w a s t e s a n
carbamates and organophosphates. However, could ope r s e g r e g a t i o n
in
W a s t e , i m p r o w i t c o n t a
these chemicals act as harmful toxins for nerves, Solid u l b ec a u se o fh
s te n c e is h a r mf en t
hence they are more dangerous to humans,” its exi n g t o t h e en v ir o n m
a g i s
(Toppr, 2019) chemicals dam these are activities such a
a n A c t i v i t i es , e h a r m fu l t o
Herbicides, these are more commonly known as Urb s, e t c . t h a t a r
u c t io n , w as t e
weedkillers, Herbicides are substances used to con s t r
reduce unwanted plants and they are toxic to n v ir o n m e n t .
the e
the environment
 SOURCES OF SOIL & LAND
POLLUTION
Land pollution is caused by continuous long term actions created by human
activities. The 6 main factors that perpetuate land pollution are (1)
Deforestation and soil erosion (2) Agricultural chemicals (3) Industrialization
(4) Mining (5) Landfills (6) Human sewage.
TYPES OF SO IL AN D
LAND P OLL UT ANT S

Just like other types of pollution, soil and

land have their own categories for the
types of pollutants it has; this discussion
will be according to the Environmental
Pollution Centres.
 TYPES OF SOIL & LAND w ill
POLLUTANTS Tr a s h t h a t a r en o t d i
n
s p
d.
o s e d of p r o p e r l y

p o l l u t e t h e l a y p e s o f
Biological Agents refers to bodily wastes of animals ea s ily s t o v a ri o u s t
l W a ste r e f e r , a n d
that are used for soil enrichment such as manure. The In d u s t r ia g la ss, ce m e n t
u din g d r u g s ,
excess of biological waste from animals on the soil may ma t er ia l in c l f a c to r i e s o r
in g t h a t is f rom
h
actually damage the land rather than enrich it because others. Anyt r e
of the chemicals that the waste has. ie s . am in a n t s a
industr c o mm o n s o i l c o n t
Agricultural Practices refers to the use of chemicals it io n a l l y , t h e H g ) , A r s e n ic
Add (P b ), M e r c u ry (
and biological agents in the soil and land. This is the l l o w in g l e a d I),
the f o n ) , N ic k e l (N
use of pesticides which can become toxic for the soil. e r ( C u ), Z in c (Z d
(As), Copp s (P A H s ) , a n
Radioactive Materials refers to radioactive substances c H y d r o c a r b on d in
Po l y a r o m a t i eo f t e n f o u n
such as uranium, radium, and the like which are toxic. ti c id e s ; a l l a r d e
i d e s / In se c l a ce o r m a
These materials radiate energy that can cause Herbic a na c t iv i ty t a k e s p
w h e r e h u m
mutations and other negative effects on the soil which places it ie s .
n a c ti v
in turn will affect the crops and water around it. from huma
Urban Waste refers to garbage and waste from
everyday consumption.
EFFECTS OF SO IL AND
LAND POLL UT ION

based on an article written by O’Donnel (2018),

one of the effects of soil and land pollution is
ground water poisoning, water nutrient
enrichment and loss of topsoil, and loss of
habitats of organisms.
 d lo s s o f t o p s o il , the
u t r ie n t e n r ic h m ent an
Next, water n ul in a

EFFECTS O F SO IL AND enrichme

certain lev
n t
e
o
l
f
b
n
u
u
t
t
t
r
h
ie
e
n
e x
t s
c e
in wate
ss absorb
r co
s
u
o
l
x
d
yg
b
e
e
n
h e
in
l p
t
f
h
e
e
t
water
o t h e u sa ge

LAND PO LL UT ION which could har

of pesticid es an d
mt
c h
h
e m
e o
ic
r
a
g a n ism
l fertiliz
s ; m
e
oreove
rs , it c h
r
a
m
,
n
o
d
g
r
u
e
e
s
v
the
u l n e ra b le to
e t o p so il w h ic h makes it
h
composition of t
There are several negative effects generated from n gus (O ’D o n n e l, 2018). t in t h e l o ss of
fu c o u ld also r e su l
d p o l l u t io n ave
soil and land pollution; everyone should be aware In addition, lan e f o r e s tation f o r c e s t h e m t o le
n is m s a s d ey look
of them as reflections must be made whether or not habitats of orga ib l y resul t in d e a t h s a s t h
the risks which humans are taking are worth it. d c o u l d p o s s ents
their homes an g e in ; also, m o r e f r e q u e n t e v
o t a k e r e f u
for new places t due to t h e d r y c o n d it io ns,
Based on an article written by O’Donnel (2018), one m a y b e p o s s ib le ate to
of the effects of soil and land pollution is ground of wildfires t s , w hich is th e o p t im u m s t
h e p o l lu t a n
generated by t
water poisoning which is resulted through a (O ’D o n n e l , 2018).
start a wil d f ir e
t h e e a r t h a n d a nimals
process called leaching; it occurs when
n d p o l l u t io n harms
Not only doe s la
t ex c e s s iv e a m o unt of
inappropriate disposal of chemicals occurs and h u m a n s s uch tha
m s t h e s, the
farms, landfills, and industrial locations are but it also har c ou l d result in    b ir th d e fe c t
p o l lu t io n
usually the victims. exposure to land d is orders , s k in d is e a s e s , a nd
o f b r ea t h in g
development
ce r (O ’D o n n el , 2 018).
can
 PREVENTIONS /
SOLUTIONS

Despite the ever growing threat of land pollution

coupled with the prevalence of continuous
environmental degradation, there is hope to a
system of sustainability even at a point in history
where damage is close to irreversible. Thus, there is
an imperative to understand the means by which
both individuals and organizations contribute to
creating a more sustainable future. As such, the
following are organizations that were established
for the very purpose of restoring the damage
inflicted upon vast acres of land around the world.
 the
PREVENTIONS / rg a nizat io n fo
s
r
D
me
ev
d
el
i
o
n
p
1
m
9
e
89
n t
w i th

o
SOLUTIONS c o n d, an d N at io n A s ia S o il
Se h e U nite n a s t h e T ro pic s
help of tm (UNDP) know h e H u m id in
r k fo r t u n t r ie s
Progra vation Netwo sist member co nd water
Firstly, the African Forest Landscape Conser N)  seeks to as minating soil a ale farmers.
Restoration Initiative (AFR100) is an initiative (ASOCOping and disse es for small-scosed of a
led by Africans. Brought to light by the German develo vation practic rimarily comp f Forestry in
Ministry for Economic Cooperation and conser ganization is p the Ministry o Committees
This or nating unit atl Coordinatinglaysia, Papua
Development and the World Resources coordia and Nationa Indonesia, Ma nd Vietnam.
Institutes, the objective of this African-led Jakart shed by China, es, Thailand, aitiative hosts
initiative is to bring 100 million hectares of establi inea, Philippinagenda, the in in order to
degraded forest landscapes into restoration by New Gu of their main and trainings stainable and
the year 2030. Furthermore, this organization As partal workshops ers be more su N has also
also aims to implement restoration projects in a region all-scale farman this, ASOCO ds in Asia and
balanced way that is inclusive of women, local help sm tive. Other th rvation of Lan
communities, and vulnerable individuals.  producd on the Conse
worke ific project.
the Pac
 o n s an d

PREVENTIONS / r m or e, it is n o t
v
o
e
n
a
ly
r o
o
l
r
e
g
in
a n
e
i
f
z
f
o
at
o
o
r
d
i
t
b
s
r
to
o u
so
gh
lv
t
e
r
SOLUTIONS Fur th e t h at se s o th e g
itu tion s e , it is al ct io n s.
inst net’s demis individual a ns by which s
the plaby collective wing are mea consequence
Third, the Land Institute which was founded in about ore, the follo alleviate the o reducing
1976. It is an organization based on scientific Theref uals can help ith regards ts, farmers
research that uses nature as its model for individd pollution. Wand pesticide nd
agriculture in order to promote sustainable of lan al fertilizerssted manure aally active
food production. In order to accomplish this chemic to use compo and biologic ria that can f
objective, the Land Institute establishes ought tilizers whichgae and bacte soil. The use o o
growing perennial grains in mixtures to create biofer cts such as al en fixation in ulture leads t
ecosystems that reflect the productivity and produ itiate nitrog cides in agric
resilience of prairies. Other objectives of this help inzers and pesti erns.
institution includes ending soil erosion, fertili nmental conc
moving away from chemical inputs in enviro
agriculture, restoration of soil health,
decreasing carbon emissions, and enhancement
of food security.
 y
g l ob n a l l
IL AND LA ND PO LL UT ION
ro b l e m
ce p t io SO N ES
i s a s e v e r e
i
p
s n o t a n e
m
x
u c h m o r
l
e
IN THE PH ILI PP I
i o n in e s n i s p ic a
l lu t l ip p u t io t r o
il p o . P h i o ll il in e
So 1 0 ) o i l p s s o o t h
o , 2 0 c t , s a s a u e t t i e s
(Asi is. In fa cal are more d prope r
th p i d e e ir t io n
to e in tro degra e of th g r a d a
n t o tu r d e
pro tend e n a s , s o i l
o s t ).
d s t h i n e e m Ib i d
lan te and hilipp o f t h
d a y (
s
m a e P n e t o n a
cli In t h
o b e o
t u r e n o w
id .). e d t
o f n a l s o k a s a
(Ib s i d e r
l em s a n , a
a t i o n
e
c o n r o b n P l r a d t h
is g p c t i o d e g y o f
s s in a l A o il u r it o n
p r e io n ie d s s e c il y
N a t n t if o o d e a v s
Th e id e h e f i e s h h a
h a s t o t r e l N A P a re
A P , e a t in e s i m e , r e s
N t h r i li p p is t e c t a
a j o r P h t t h n h -50
m y a s d ) . A il l io f 3 0
n t r (I b i . 2 m n t o vit y
co u t u r e a t 5 p o i c t i
cu l d th t h e o d u
r i t e t o p r
ag e p o r
a d e d
n s o il
s o r e g r o n i
al e l y d u c t i
e r r e d
sev nt of
e r c e
p .
i d )
(Ib
 e se a r ch st
mo
IL AND LA ND PO LL UT ION
ic al R
op n to datio be th ne
SO N ES
n na ls o f
i
T
s
r
no w gra
k il de he s se s IN THE PH ILI PP I
er A s io n f so in t roce n,
p ap er o ess o died on p ti o
a il c u
In .31, so d pro st st adat aliniz nd i a
vol esprea the mo il degr ents, s ction, a so
id
w is a l so r s o u tr i pa e a l
th e f n , co m hav
and ntry. O : Loss o lution tudies f soil
cou wn are on, pol 2009). S auses o ,
kno ificati (Asio, main c station tices, e
acidsidence hat the Defore al prac d wast to
sub ealed t n are: icultur ing, an known n
rev radatio g, agr ies, min tion is ation i st
deg rgrazin activit foresta degrad r at leah
ove ustrial id). De of soil event o esearc
ind osal (Ib cause r to pr more r io-
disp he main In orde ation, nd soc raded per
be t (Ibid). degrad sical a s of deg of pro
Asia en soil the phy eristic lation needed
less arding haract e formu ies are the
reg nomic c d in th strateg o this, tly
eco ds to ai ement ation t curren
lan manag ). In rel ment is Ibid).
soil o, 2010 govern tudies (
(Asi ippine such s
Phil moting
pro