12/5/2018 Apex Learning - Practice Assignment

3.3.5 Practice: Bonding in Matter Practice

Chemistry Name: Sean Citherlet
Points Possible:25 Date: 12/5/2018

Question 1: Electron Notation Example (3 points)

a. Give the electron configuration of vanadium (V), atomic number 23. (1 point)

The reason for this specific configuration is that chromium is more stable with half-filled 4s and 3d orbitals than
only a 40% full 3d orbital.

b. Give the noble gas configuration of vanadium (V), atomic number 23. (1 point)

This is an anomalous configuration, something silly that you shouldn't be tested on, in my opinion.

c. List the energy levels for the orbital configuration of vanadium (V), atomic number 23. (1 point)

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Question 2: Trends on the Periodic Table (4 points)

a. How does the atomic radius change going down and across the periodic table? (1 point)

Atomic radius decreases from left to right and increases from top to bottom.

b. How does first ionization energy change going down and across the periodic table? (1 point)

Ionization energy increases across a period and decreases down a group.

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c. How does electronegativity change going down and across the periodic table? (1 point)

Down a group, the electronegativity decreases. Across a period, it increases.

d. How does the radius of a positive and negative ion compare to a neutral atom? (1 point) Question 3:
Chemical Bonds (1 point)

The size of the Radius of a positive ion is smaller than a neutral atom because the positive ion has lost electrons,
which means the outer most shell might be lost as well making the positive ion smaller and the neutral atom
remains the same It would be larger than its neutral atom because the negative ion would be gaining an electron
making it bigger.

Match each chemical bond to its correct description. (1 point)

A. Ionic bond __B_ Sharing of electrons

B. Covalent bond _C__ Freely moving electrons

C. Metallic bond _A__ Transfer of electrons

Question 4: Intermolecular Forces (3 points)

a. Describe the dipole-dipole force. (1 point)

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attractive forces between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule.

b. Describe hydrogen bonding. (1 point)

a weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule
and an electronegative atom in the other.

c. Describe the Van der Waals forces. (1 point)

used to define the attraction of intermolecular forces between molecules.

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Question 5: Causes of Molecular Shape (3 points)

a. What is the VSEPR theory? (1 point)

a model used in chemistry to predict the geometry of individual molecules from the number of electron pairs
surrounding their central atoms

b. How does electron repulsion determine molecular shape? (1 point)

the valence electron pairs surrounding an atom tend to repel each other and will, therefore, adopt an arrangement
that minimizes this repulsion

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c. How do lone electron pairs affect molecular shape? (1 point) Question 6: Types of Molecular Shapes (3
points)

There are two situations in which a molecule's shape is "bent" or "angular." Both involve molecules with lone pairs
on the central atom.

Identify the following molecular shapes. (0.5 points per answer)

Question 7: Lewis Structure (3 points)

a. Draw the Lewis structure for the Se and 2 H atoms. (1 point)

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b. Draw the Lewis structure for the SeH2 molecule. (1 point)

c. What shape would SeH2 have? Draw the molecule. (1 point)

Bent

Question 8: Ionic and Covalent Compounds (5 points)

Identify each of the following as a covalent compound or ionic compound. Then provide either the formula for
compounds identified by name or the name for those identified by formula. (1 point each)

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a. Li2O: Lithium

b. Dinitrogen trioxide: N2O3

c. PCl3: Phosphorus dichloride

d. Manganese(III) oxide: Mn2O3

e. Calcium bromide: CaBr2

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