A prescription drug (also prescription medication or prescription medicine) is a

pharmaceutical drug that legally requires a medical prescription to be dispensed.

Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are medicines sold directly to a consumer without a
prescription from a healthcare professional, as opposed to prescription drugs, which may
be sold only to consumers possessing a valid prescription.
Cannabis, also known as marijuana among other names, is a psychoactive drug from
the Cannabis plant used for medical or recreational purposes. The main psychoactive
part of cannabis is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), one of the 483 known compounds in the
plant, including at least 65 other cannabinoids. Cannabis can be used
by smoking, vaporizing, within food, or as an extract.
Cocaine, also known as coke, is a strong stimulant most frequently used as a recreational
drug. It is commonly snorted, inhaled as smoke, or dissolved and injected into a vein.
Mental effects may include loss of contact with reality, an intense feeling of happiness,
or agitation.

Amphetamines are stimulant drugs, which means they speed up the messages travelling
between the brain and the body. Some types of amphetamines are legally prescribed
by doctors to treat conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and
narcolepsy (where a person has an uncontrollable urge to sleep). Amphetamines have
also been used to treat Parkinson’s disease. Other types of amphetamines such as speed
are produced and sold illegally. The more potent form is crystal methamphetamine (ice).

Hallucinogens are a diverse group of drugs that alter a person’s awareness of their
surroundings as well as their own thoughts and feelings. They are commonly split into two
categories: classic hallucinogens (such as LSD) and dissociative drugs (such as PCP).
Both types of hallucinogens can cause hallucinations, or sensations and images that
seem real though they are not. Additionally, dissociative drugs can cause users to feel
out of control or disconnected from their body and environment.
Some hallucinogens are extracted from plants or mushrooms, and some are synthetic
(human-made). Historically, people have used hallucinogens for religious or healing
rituals. More recently, people report using these drugs for social or recreational purposes,
including to have fun, deal with stress, have spiritual experiences, or just to feel different.

Opiates include controlled prescription substances that are derived from opium, which is
a chemical that naturally occurs in poppy seeds and plants. These drugs, which are
clinically used for treating mild to severe pain in patients, are also referred to as “opioid
painkillers.” Due to their intensely calming effects, opioid painkillers have tremendously
high rates of abuse which, in many cases, can lead to addiction.

References:
https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/addiction/substance-abuse#1
https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts