The purpose of the urinary system is to eliminate waste from the body, regulate blood volume and blood

pressure, control levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulate blood pH

The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs found in vertebrates. They receive blood from the paired renal
arteries; blood exits into the paired renal veins. Each kidney is attached to a ureter, a tube that carries
excreted urine to the bladder.

renal pelvis or pelvis of the kidney is the funnel-like dilated part of the ureter in the kidney. The renal
pelvis functions as a funnel for urine flowing to the ureter.

The ureters are tubes made of smooth muscle fibers that propel urine from the kidneys to the urinary
bladder. Urine, produced by the kidneys, travels along the ureters to the bladder. It does this through
regular contractions called peristalsis.

The urinary bladder or simply bladder is a hollow muscular organ in humans and vertebrates that
collects and stores urine from the kidneys before disposal by urination.

The adrenal gland secretes a number of different hormones which are metabolised by enzymes either
within the gland or in other parts of the body.

The renal arteries carry a large portion of total blood flow to the kidneys. Up to a third of total cardiac
output can pass through the renal arteries to be filtered by the kidneys.

The inferior vena cava is a vein. It carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body to the
right atrium of the heart.

The liver is an organ only found in vertebrates which detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins
and produces biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth. The various functions of the liver are
carried out by the liver cells or hepatocytes. The liver is thought to be responsible for up to 500 separate
functions, usually in combination with other systems and organs

The large intestine, also known as the large bowel, is the last part of the gastrointestinal tract and of the
digestive system in vertebrates. The large intestine absorbs water and any remaining absorbable
nutrients from the food before sending the indigestible matter to the rectum

Pelvis. Its primary functions are to bear the weight of the upper body when sitting and standing,
transferring that weight from the axial skeleton to the lower appendicular skeleton when standing and
walking, and providing attachments for and withstanding the forces of the powerful muscles of
locomotion and posture.

Urethra. Urethra, duct that transmits urine from the bladder to the exterior of the body during urination.
The urethra is held closed by the urethral sphincter, a muscular structure that helps keep urine in the
bladder until voiding can occur
The primary task of the common iliac artery is to deliver oxygenated blood to the pelvic area and lower
limbs. Via its branches, the internal iliac artery supplies blood to the pelvic region, groin, and
surrounding muscles and bones.

The abdominal aorta conducts blood to organs in the abdominal cavity as well as to the legs and feet.
Also, the aorta helps to control blood pressure by dilating and constricting as necessary.The aorta
supplies the blood that is being filtered by the kidneys.