Top 5 Questions of Class 10

Rational Numbers:
1. Prove that (5 + 3√2) is an irrational number?

√2 is an irrational number because it cannot be written in p/q

form which is fractional form.

(5 + 3√2):

Let’s assume that it is a rational no. a/b. where a and b are

co-primes.

𝑎
(5 + 3√2) =
𝑏

𝑎
3√2 = −5
𝑏
𝑎−5𝑏
√2 = - Fraction Form
3𝑏

But √2 is an irrational because it is known so hence it cannot

be fraction.

Trignometry:
2. Prove each of the following identities:
sin 𝜃+cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃−cos 𝜃 2 2
+ = =
sin 𝜃−cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃+cos 𝜃 sin2 𝜃−cos2 𝜃 2sin2 𝜃−1

Take LCM:

(sin 𝜃+cos 𝜃)2 +(sin 𝜃−cos 𝜃)2

=
sin2 𝜃−cos2 𝜃
 sin2 𝜃+cos2 𝜃+2 sin 𝜃 cos 𝜃+sin2 𝜃+cos2 𝜃−2 sin 𝜃 cos 𝜃
=
sin2 𝜃−cos2 𝜃

As sin2 𝜃 + cos2 𝜃 = 1
1+1
=
sin2 𝜃−cos2 𝜃
2
=
sin2 𝜃−cos2 𝜃
2 2
= =
sin2 𝜃−(1−sin2 𝜃) 2sin2 𝜃−1

3. If (2P+1), 13, (5P-3) are in arithmetic progression, find the

value of P.
Given (2P+1), 13, (5P-3) are in arithmetic progression,
13 – (2P+1) = (5P-3) – 13
13 – 2P – 1 = 5P – 3 – 13
12 – 2P = 5P – 16
28 = 7P
P=4
4. A box contains 12 balls out of which x are black. If one ball is
drawn at random from the box what is the probability that 1st
will be a black ball. If 6 more black balls are added to the box.
The probability of drawing a black ball is now double of what
it was before x. Find X.

A: Total number of balls = 12

Total number of possible outcomes = 12
Number of black balls =x
(11 out of total 12 outcomes, fav. Out comes x)
P (black ball) = no. of favorable outcomes/total number of possible
outcomes
= x/12

If 6 were black balls are out in the box then the total number of
black balls = x+6
Total number of balls in the box = 12 + 6 = 18
According to the question, probability of drawing black ball is
second case.
= 2 x probability of drawing black ball in the first case

𝑥+6 𝑥
= =2x
18 12
𝑥+6 𝑥
= =
18 6
= 2x = 6
Hence X = 3

5. The Mean of 30 nos is 18. Find the new mean if each

observation is increased by 2.
Let x1, x2, x3 ---------------- X30 are the observations

1
𝑋̅ = (∑ 𝑥𝑖 )
𝑛
𝑥1+𝑥2+𝑥3+−−−−−−−−−−−−𝑋30
18 =
30

𝑥1 + 𝑥2 + 𝑥3 + − − − − − − − − − − − ∓ 𝑥30 = 18 𝑥 30 = 540
 1
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝑋𝑛𝑒𝑤 = (∑ 𝑥𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑤 )
𝑛

(𝑥1 + 2 + 𝑥2 + 2 + 𝑥3 + 2 + − − − − − ∓ 𝑥30 + 2)
̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝑋𝑛𝑒𝑤 =
30
540+30𝑥2
=
30
600
= = 20.
30
6𝑥 4 +8𝑥 3 +17𝑥 2 +21𝑥+7
6. the reminder comes out to be ax+b find a and b
3𝑥 2 +4𝑥+1

3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 1) 6𝑥 4 + 8𝑥 3 + 17𝑥 2 + 21𝑥 + 7(2𝑥 2 +5

- 6𝑥 4 + 8𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2
15𝑥 2 + 21𝑥 + 7
15𝑥 2 + 20𝑥 + 5
𝑥+2

∴ a=1 and b=2