Selection, Calculation, Checklists

Critical Buckling Force of the Lifting Screws

fk = 1 fk = 0,25 fk = 2 fk = 4

Version S Version S Version S Version R

guided lifting motion with non guided lifting motion, guided lifting motion, for a small L1 there applies: fk = 2
hinged plate gear firmly mounted gear firmly mounted guided lifting motion
Critical buckling force Fk in kN

There is a buckling risk especially

with gearboxes with long, thin
spindles in combination with
compression load. With the
following calculation you can find
the max. allowed axial load acc.
to Euler.

Maximum allowed axial load

Fall = 0.8 x Fk x fk

Fall maximum allowable axial load (kN)

Fk theoretical critical buckling force
(kN) acc. to diagram
fk correction value (considers kind of
bearing support, respectively
guidance of lifting load)
see pictograms above

free length L in mm

If the maximum calculated load is lower than

required, a larger spindle diameter could
be selected. The calculations must then
be reworked.
With the rotating screw version a larger
diameter screw can be selected (from the
next bigger gearbox size).
Any increase in pitch/ lifting speed must
be taken into account.
The safety factors for the type of system
specified must be used, as shown above,
to calculate the max allowable axial load
for the system.
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Selection, Calculation, Checklists
Critical Whirling Speed of Spindle - R Version
theoretical spindle whirling speed nkr [min-1]

with opposed
bearing plate

fkr = 1

without opposed
bearing plate

fkr = 0.5

Maximum allowable
spindle speed

nall = 0.8 x nkr x fkr

input speed
spindle speed = igearbox
. . . . .
unsupported screw lengths [m]

For R version gearboxes (with rotating
spindle) with long, thin spindles it is
necessary to calculate the maximum allowable
spindle speed. Please take the theoretical
critical speed nkr from the diagram. Also
consider the additional lengths for spindle
covers, etc. when calculating the unsupported
screw lengths .
Together with the correction factor for
the bearing layout the max. allowable
spindle speed can be calculated.
If the calculated maximum spindle speed is
lower than that required, a larger spindle
should be selected. The calculations must
then be reworked.
If a larger diameter spindle is used in the
R version the potential for higher drive
torque's must be considered.
The safety factors for the type of system
specified must be used, as shown above,
to calculate the maximum allowable axial load
for the system.

170
Selection, Calculation, Checklists
Determining the Drive Torque [MG] of a Lifting Gear

With the formula shown below it is MG Required drive torque [Nm] of a lifting gear
possible to calculate the necessary F Lifting load (dynamic) [kN]
drive torque. Gearbox Efficiency of the lifting gear (without spindle)
In order to facilitate the calculation of Spindle Efficiency of the spindle
the drive torque we have determined P Spindle pitch [mm]
multiplication factors out of this formula i Transmission of the lifting gear
and have stated them in the ML Idling torque [Nm]
technical data for the single gearbox PM Power of motor
version.

Formula1): Example:

F [kN] · P [mm] MSZ-25-SN

Drive torque: MG = + ML [Nm]
2· · · i F = 12 kN (lifting load dynamic)
Gearbox Spindle ·
Gearbox = 0.87 Spindle = 0.375

P=6 i=6
MG [Nm] · n [min-1]
Power of motor: PM[kW] =
9550 12 kN · 6mm
MG = + 0.36 Nm = 6.21 Nm
2· · 0,87 · 0,375 · 6

!
-1
Safety factor (start torque) = calculated 6.21 Nm · 1500 min
PM = = 0.975 kW
drive torque x 1.3 to 1.5 (for smaller 9550
systems use up to x 2).
Example: 0.975 kW · 1.4 = 1.365 kW motor 1.5 kW

1)
For gearboxes with one-pitch trapezoidal spindles it is also possible to multiply the
factor which is stated on the corresponding gearbox page with the load.

Tr spindle Spindle Tr spindle Spindle

The efficiency of a trapezoid screws due to their self-
Efficiency Efficiency
single pitch double pitch screw is substantially lower locking capability.
than that of ball screws due With a ballscrew system an
Tr P lubricated Tr P lubricated to friction. efficiency factor of =0.9
12 3 0.427 12 6 0.592 However, the trapezoid screw can be used.
18 4 0.399 18 8 0.565 is technically more simple It is essential to incorporate
20 4 0.375 20 8 0.540 and more favourable. A a break into a ballscrew
30 6 0.375 30 12 0.540 safety device (e.g. a brake) is system.
40 7 0.344 40 14 0.509 rarely required for trapezoid
50 8 0.314 50 16 0.474
60 12 0.368 60 24 0.532
80 16 0.368 80 32 0.532 Efficiency of gearboxes Gearbox (without spindle) at n = 1.500
100 16 0.314 100 32 0.474 MSZ 2 5 10 25 50 100 150 250 350 500 650
120 16 0.273 120 32 0.426 N 0.82 0.84 0.86 0.87 0.89 0.85 0.84 0.86 0.87 0.84 0.85
140 20 0.288 140 40 0.444 L 0.77 0.62 0.69 0.69 0.74 0.65 0.67 0.72 0.70 0.62 0.65

Idling torques ML of gearboxes [Nm]

MSZ 2 5 10 25 50 100 150 250 350 500 650
N 0.06 0.10 0.26 0.36 0.76 1.68 1.90 2.64 3.24 3.96 5.60
L 0.04 0.08 0.16 0.26 0.54 1.02 1.20 1.94 2.20 2.84 3.40

With ball screws you basically can calculate with an efficiency factor of =0.9
171
Selection, Calculation, Checklists
Drive Torque for Gearboxes
MR = MG x 2.25
MR = MG x 2.1
MR = MG x 4.6
MR - Total drive torque for the
whole system
MG - Input torque of a single gearbox
MA - Starting torque max. 1.5 x MR
Example (example from previous page, 12 kN per gearbox)
MR = MG x 4.6 = 6.21 Nm x 4.6 = 28.57 Nm
Calculation
The required drive torque of a
lifting gear results from the sum of
the moments of the individual
lifting units. This is increased due to
frictional losses of transmission
components like couplings,
MR = MG x 3.1
MR = MG x 6.8
MR = MG x 3.34
x safety factor 1.3 = 37.14Nm
172
connecting shafts, bevel gears, etc.
To simplify the calculation, some
factors for determining the drive
torque in the most common
applications are provided below.
MR = MG x 3.35
MR = MG x 4.4
MR = MG x 3.27
Attention:
It is recommended to multiply the
calculated value with a safety
factor of 1.3 to 1.5 (for smaller
systems factor up to 2). The
indicated values are applicable in
cases of uniform distribution of the
lifting gear load onto all gears!
Selection, Calculation, Checklists
Maximum Power / Moments F

Load definitions
lifting screw
FS
F - Lifting load tension and/or compression
FS - Side forces on the spindle
vH - Lifting speed of the spindle VH
(or nut of the R version)
FA - Axial load of the input shaft
FR - Radial load of the input shaft
FR
MR - Drive torque
nR - Drive speed
FA
MR nR
Please examine the information on the following pages before making
your choice of the lifting gear suited for your application. Various
influences and assumptions can only be estimated on the basis of input shaft
information gained by experience. In case of doubt please contact T.E.A. = worm shaft

Side forces on the spindle Maximum side force FS [N] (static) extended screw length in mm
Please refer to the adjoining MSZ 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1200 1500 2000 2500 3000
table for the maximum 5 360 160 100 70 55 45 38 32 28 25 20 18 12 – –
10 600 280 180 130 100 80 70 60 50 47 40 30 20 15 –
permissible side force. Side 25 900 470 300 240 180 150 130 110 100 90 70 60 45 35 30
forces should be supported by 50 3000 2000 1300 900 700 600 500 420 380 330 280 230 160 130 100
a guidance system whenever 100 5000 4000 3000 2300 1800 1500 1300 1100 950 850 700 600 400 350 250
150 5500 5000 3900 2800 2300 1800 1500 1300 1200 1000 850 750 500 400 350
possible. The bronze bushings 250 9000 9000 6500 4900 3800 3000 2500 2200 2000 1900 1450 1250 900 760 660
in the gearbox are a 350 15000 13000 12000 10000 8800 7000 6000 5500 4800 4300 3500 3000 2000 1600 1400
500 29000 29000 29000 29000 29000 24000 20000 17000 15000 14000 12000 9000 7000 5600 4900
secondary support only and 650 34800 34800 34800 34800 34800 28800 24000 20400 18000 16800 14400 10800 8400 6720 5880
should not be relied upon as 750 46000 46000 39000 36000 32000 30000 25000 29000 25000 23500 20000 17000 12000 10000 8000
adequate guidance. The
maximum side force at a
given screw extension must
not exceed that stated in the
adjoining table. Attention:
only statically allowed!

Max. drive torque Maximum drive torque MR [Nm]

The stated values of the table Type min-1 SHZ- MSZ- MSZ- MSZ- MSZ- MSZ- MSZ- MSZ- MSZ- MSZ- MSZ- MSZ-
on the right should not be 02 5 10 25 50 100 150 250 350 500 650 750
MR SN/RN 1500 0.7 6.4 12.6 21.7 44.7 72.0 67.3 118.4 187.0 204.3 268.3 415.0
exceeded. If gearboxes are MR SN/RN 500 1.0 10.4 20.5 34.2 70.3 114.9 107.0 185.1 295.7 325.6 427.9 663.0
arranged in tandem or in MR SL/RL 1500 0.5 2.6 5.3 7.8 15.5 17.0 17.3 23.5 40.2 42.8 62.8 83.0
larger arrangements the MR SL/RL 500 0.7 4.3 8.4 12.5 24.5 27.8 27.7 36.6 63.9 71.2 102.6 132.0

maximum drive torque may - Consider that the starting torque is factor 1.5 of the operation torque
- Limit values are mechanical - consider thermical factors depending on operating time
be higher. If there are more
than 5 gearboxes in an
arrangement please contact
T.E.A.

Radial load on the input Maximum radial load acting on the input shaft FR [N]
shaft SHZ- MSZ- MSZ- MSZ- MSZ- MSZ- MSZ- MSZ- MSZ- MSZ- MSZ-
The radial forces of the table 02 5 10 25 50 100 150 250 350 500 650
on the right should not be FR max. 18 110 215 300 520 800 810 1420 2100 3780 4536
exceeded if you use chain
drives or belt drives.

173
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