UEN002 – Energy and Environment

• 3 Credits
• 30 Marks – MST
• 50 Marks – End Sem.
• 20 Marks – Sessional (Quizzes/assignments/group presentations)
 Problem 1

A coal fired 1000 MW power plant is operating around 38% efficiency. The ash
and sulphur content in the coal used respectively are 35% and 3% and the
calorific value is 21 MJ per kg of coal. Find the emission rate of SO2 and ash
generation per hours.
Solution:
 Power plant capacity = 1000 MW
 Efficiency = 38%
 Input power = 1000/0.38 = 2631.6 MW = 2631.6 MJ/S
 Calorific value of coal = 21 MJ/Kg
 Burning rate of coal = 2631.6/21 = 125.3 Kg/S
 Ash content = 35%
 Ash generation rate = 124.3 * 0.35 = 43.8 Kg/S = 157680 Kg/hr
 Sulphur content = 3%
S + O2 SO2
 SO2 generation rate = 0.03*125.3*2 = 7.52 Kg/S = 27072 Kg/hr
Problem 2
During rush hours on a busy road crossing, nearly 1200 vehicles per hour at
an average speed of 20 kmph. Of these, about 70% cars use leaded petrol.
The average fuel consumption is one liter for an average of 8 km travel.
Consider that 70% of the lead present in the fuel is emitted in the form of
particulate aerosol, find the emission rate of lead aerosol in the ambient air.
(Given concentration of lead in the fuel is 0.4𝝻g/L).
Solution:
• Number of vehicles = 1200
• Average speed of vehicle = 20 kmph
• Average fuel consumption 8 km/lt
• Fuel consumed in one hr duration = 20/8 = 2.5 L/hr
• Total fuel consumed in one hour = 1200*2.5 = 3000 L/hr
• Only 70% cars are using leaded petrol, total leaded petrol consumption per
hour = 3000*0.70 = 2100 L/hr
• Concentration of lead in the fuel = 0.4𝝻g/L
• 70% of the lead present in the fuel is emitted in the form of particulate aerosol,
• Emission rate of lead aerosol in the ambient air = 2100 * 0.4 * 0.7 = 588 𝝻g/hr
Problem 3
A research team has developed a generator which can convert the chemical energy
of pure propane fuel into electrical energy. The electrical energy conversion
efficiency of the generator is 25 %. The power rating of the generator is 2000 kW.
The specific energy of propane is 48 MJ/kg. Air is used as a source of oxygen.

Calculate the following:

(i) Volume % of CO2 in the exhaust gas.

(ii) Mass flow rate (in g/s) of air for carrying out the combustion stoichiometrically.

(iii) Mass of CO2 (in g) released while generating 1 MJ of electrical energy.

 Solution:
• Power rating of the generator = 2000 KW
• Efficiency of the generator = 25%
• Input power to get 2000 kw energy = 8000 KW
C3H8+5O2+18.5N2 3CO2 + 4H20 + 18.5N2
• Volume of CO2 in exhaust gas = 3/(3+4+18.5) = 11.76%
• Calorific value of propane = 48 MJ/kg
• Burning rate of propane = (8000 KJ/S) /48000 KJ/Kg) = 0.167 Kg/S
• For 1 mole (44 g) of propane 5 mole O2 and 18.5 moles of N2 (32x5+18.5x28 =
678 g of air) is required,
• For 0.167 kg/S of propane air supply requirement = (678/44)*0.167 = 2.57 kg/s
Solution:
• Power generation= 1 MJ
• Efficiency of the generator = 25%
• Input power to get 1 MJ energy = 1/0.25 = 4 MJ
C3H8+5O2+18.5N2 3CO2 + 4H20 + 18.5N2
• Calorific value of propane = 48 MJ/kg
• Quantity of propane for 4MJ = (4MJ) /48 MJ/Kg) = 0.083 Kg
• For 1 mole (44 g) of propane, 3 mole CO2 (44x3 = 132 g) is generated,
• For 0.083 kg of propane CO2 emission = 0.083*3= 0.249 kg