Digital CMOS Logic Circuits

Design Abstraction and Computer Aids

 The design of very complex digital systems, whether on a single IC chip or using off-the-
shelf components, is made possible by the use of different levels of design abstraction,
and the use of a variety of computer aids.

 Circuit blocks are designed, characterized, and stored in a library as standard cells.
These cells can then be used by the IC designer to assemble a larger subsystem (e.g., an
adder or a multiplier), which in turn is characterized and stored as a functional block to
be used in the design of an even larger system (e.g., an entire processor).

 At every level of design abstraction, the need arises for simulation and other computer
programs that help make the design process as automated as possible. analog IC design
does not lend itself to the same level of abstraction and automation.

 Each analog IC to a large extent has to be "handcrafted." As a result, the complexity and
density of analog ICs remain much below
CMOS LOGIC-GATE CIRCUITS
Transistor Sizing
The Use of CMOS Transmission Gates as Switches