RevistaBolivianaDeQuímica

Rev. Bol. Quim.

Vol. 27, No. 2, 2010
Abstracts Résumé

E VALUACION DE LA CONTAMINACION ANTROPICA DE LAS AGUAS DEL RIO

JILLUSAYA
M ary Liliana Flores B, Osw aldo Ram os R, E lvira G isberth Página 75

Keywords: contaminación, antrópica, hidrogeoquímica

ABSTRACT

The water pollution in the Jillusaya River was accomplished. Sampling points were defined and analyses
pursued. Twenty-six physico-chemical parameters were determined. Biological analyses performed comprised:
water quality proofs: DBO5, DQO, OD and bacteria’s determinations. As a conclusion of the obtained results, we
derived that waters from the Jillusaya River are inapt neither for direct human consumption nor for use as legume
culture in the surrounding culture terrains.

Corresponding author: mliliana_flores@yahoo.com

ESTIMACION DE FACTORES DE EMISION DE GASES DE EFECTO INVERNADERO EN

UNA PLANTA DE TRATAMIENTO DE AGUAS RESIDUALES
Roberto Parra Z ., G rover A paza M ., A fnan A gramont A . Página 81

Keywords: Greenhouse effect, gas emission, residual waters, emission factors

ABSTRACT

An estimation of factors of gas emission due to greenhouse effect in a plant for treatment of residual waters has
been accomplished by means of water and gas analyses.

Corresponding author:

VALORACIÓN DE LA TOXICIDAD AGUDA IN VIVO DEL ÁCIDO ÚSNICO

E lvira N avarro G ., Juan A ntonio Á vila I. , Patricia M ollinedo P., J osé Luis V ila C., Grace R uiz P. Página 89

Keywords: Toxicidad aguda | DL50 | Usnea spp | ácido úsnico

ABSTRACT

An experimental study was realized, the main objective was evaluated, toxic effect of usnic acid, isolated from a
lichen usnea spp. determination of lethal dose at 50% mortality (dl50) throughout reed muench mathematical
method and the probit graphical method. the selected animals were albino female swiss mice, weighted between
18 and 20g, using a 2000 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, 775 mg/kg, 662 mg/kg, 550 mg/kg and 175 mg/kg by kilogram
corporal weight, as dose administrated by orogastric via under study during 14 days. the result comes out a dl50
between 798.47 mg/kg and 776.25 mg/kg. according to the williams criteria, usnic acid is considered a lightly
toxic product. the methodology and the experimental designed was carried out following the described
orientation by the epa (ambient protection agency) 870.1100, oecd 425 (economic organization for trade and
development), that covers the 24 most develop nations of the world, for the application of the acute toxicity class
method (cta).

Corresponding author: juan_antonio_avila@hotmail.com

CUANTIFICACION DE ALMIDON TOTAL Y DE ALMIDON RESISTENTE EN HARINA

DE PLATANO VERDE (MUSA CAVENDISHII) Y BANANA VERDE (MUSA PARADISÍACA)
V ania Soraya Soto A zurduy Página 94

Keywords: Cuantificación, método enzimático, almidón total, almidón resistente

ABSTRACT

The present work is oriented to the quantification of resistant starch in banana and green banana flour using the
enzymatic in vitro method, in this method a series of specific amiolitic enzymes participate to digest starch
obtaining precise, fast potent and cost-effective results, in the evaluation of the resistant starch. The method used
for the determination of total starch in banana and green banana flours was Holms, the main steps include:
enzymatic degradation with α-amilasa Termamyl 120 L, which results in a partial hydrolysis, 30 minutes
incubation with amyloglucosidase from Aspergillus niger obtaining a total hydrolysis. Finally determination of
glucose was done with a glucose oxidase and peroxidase reagent. Quantification of resistant starch in banana and
green banana flour was done using the Goñi I. method, initially an proteic hydrolysis with pespsine under acid pH
conditions was carried out to simulate stomach physiologic conditions, the remotion of proteins increases α-
amylasa accessibility. Digestible starch hydrolisis was followed with swine pancreatic α-amylase during 16 hours
at neutral pH. After centrifugation hydrolysis products were eliminated, in the residue the indigestible starch
remained. Finally was dispersed in a basic medium and totally hydrolyzed with Aspergillus niger
amyloglucosidase, measuring the free glucose with a glucose oxidase and peroxidase reagent. The experimental
results showed that the green banana (Musa paradisiaca) presented higher amount of total starch (73,42 %) and
resistant starch (24,82 %) . A comparison with the green banana flour (Musa cavendishii) which show total starch
(68,13 %) and resistant starch (21,06 %) was done. The test were done with six repetitions in each sample and
each experimental method, a control sample of starch was used. Concluding that banana (Musa cavendishii) and
green banana (Musa paradisiaca) are a good source of resistant starch which is very important and beneficial to
the health and its use must be encouraged of these fruits natives from the region.

Corresponding author:

D NA AFFINITY SCREENING OF PLANTS FROM THE BOLIVIAN AMAZONAS RAIN

FOREST
M arcelo Bascope, Jose V ila, G ilda E rosa and Olov Sterner. Página 100
 Keywords: Crude extracts, DNA affinity, antitumor, antimalarial, HPLC, Bolivian Amazonas.

ABSTRACT

Six crude extracts of plants from the Bolivian Amazonas rainforest were subject of DNA affinity screening, to
identify potential antitumor and antimalarial activity, the assay uses a HPLC method, based on the ability of
antitumor agents to reduce DNA peak size. Three extracts showed positive peak reduction, two were negative and
resulted inconclusive, further observations indicate that the presence of the DNA in the mixture also reduces or
eliminates substances peaks in the Chromatogram, possibly indicating specific affinity.

Corresponding author: Marcelo.bascope@hotmail.com

MAIN COMPONENTS OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF MENTA NATIVE

M arcelo Bascope, Lucio A lejo and Olov Sterner Página 104

Keywords: Menta nativa, α-Thujone, β-thujone cyathea, sabinol, sabinene

ABSTRACT

β-Thujone (1), sabinene (2), and sabinol (3) were identified as the major constituents of the essential oil of
“Menta native” (identification in progress), with β-Thujone being present at a concentration higher than 90 %.
The compounds were identified by NMR techniques and quantified by GC means. Remarkable is the fact that the
isomer α-thujone is absent in the essential oil, plants containing α-Thujone and β-thujone are important herbal
medicines and food additives, and their essential oils are appreciated in the commercial market.

Corresponding author: Marcelo.bascope@hotmail.com

STEREOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF NATURAL PRODUCTS BY NMR THE J-BASED

APPROACH, A SHORT REVIEW
José A . Bravo, José V ila, M auricio Peñarrieta, Patricia M ollinedo Página 107

Keywords: Stereochemistry, flexible macrocyciclic, conformation, configuration, natural products,

NMR, homonuclear coupling, hetereonuclear coupling, J-based approach

ABSTRACT

This is a short review on some available information regarding recent advances in the application of new
approaches to the establishment of the close relationship conformation/configuration in flexible systems. These
are usually characterized by containing a number of stereogenic sites and it became interesting to evaluate how
the new tools could help in defining configurations. The new developments are particularly suitable for the
analysis of natural products. Indeed, we are here circumscribed only to the so-called “J-based approach”.

Corresponding author: jbravo@umsa.bo