Ref. No.

XKUGIS300(P1)H

300/362kV 50/63kA
SF6 GAS INSULATED SWITCHGEAR
EQUIPPED WITH HYDRAULIC OPERATED GCB

TYPE : MFPT-300-50/63L

1. DESIGN AIMS
1.1 Characteristics of GIS
Gas circuit breakers (GCB) and gas-insulated switch-
gear (GIS) are two technologies which exploit sulfur
hexafluoride’s (SF6 gas) superior insulating and arc-
quenching properties.
Although both have been in practical use for over 30
years now, GIS has become the prevailing standard
due in part, to the following outstanding characteristics.
Low area requirements.
300-kV models, for example, take only a fraction
(3-4%) of the space required by conventional open-
air types.
Environmental adaptability.
GIS is suitable for installation almost anywhere: in or
out of doors, even underground; near the sea, in
mountainous areas, in regions with heavy snowfall, etc.
High margin of safety.
The high-voltage conductors are securely enclosed in
grounded metal.
High reliability.
The chemically inert SF6 enveloping the conductors
and insulators preserve them for years of trouble-free
operation.
Long maintenance intervals.
SF6 gas’s arc-quenching properties reduce contact wear.
Technological advancements over the years have seen
GCB’s per-unit interrupting capacity increased to
where the number of breaker modules have become
halved, while GIS continues to grow smaller and lighter.
Ref. No. XKUGIS300(P1)H
1.2 Features of Hitachi Gas Insulated Switchgear
1.2.1 Compactness
Hitachi offers a choice of standard isolated-phase GIS,
compact three-phase common-enclosure GIS, and ultra-
compact GIS that require only half the area of the
standard models.
1.2.2 Reliability
Hitachi GIS has proven its high reliability over more
than 30 years and 6,000 bays.
Top-quality, long-life seals and pinhole-free enclosure
keep the interior properly pressurized for ten years or
more between refillings.
Even in the event of a total pressure loss, the SF6 gas
still effectively insulates the switchgear at nominal
system voltage.
1.2.3 Quality
All Hitachi GIS is factory assembled and undergoes
stringent mechanical and electrical testing.
1.2.4 Ease of Maintenance
Hand holes provide ready access to circuit breaker
contacts, and other key GIS components for ease of
inspection, maintenance, and replacement. There is no
need to disassemble the circuit breaker, nor employ
special tools or a mobile crane for such purposes.
1.2.5 Environmental Adaptability
The switchgear’s solid materials, construction and low
profile design make it suitable for installation almost
anywhere.
1.2.6 Reduced Installation Time
Hitachi GIS are assembled at the factory and shipped to
the site intact, in as few pieces as possible. This
approach minimizes the number of on-site connections
required, thereby saving installation time.
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 Ref. No. XKUGIS300(P1)H

2. TYPE & RATING

2.1 Typical 300/362 kV GIS Construction

A low profile design in which the circuit breakers are located horizontally has resistance to vibration.
This system is able to satisfy customer requirements for any type of connection without altering the
complete GIS bay module.
In this rating class as well, the three-phases common-enclosure type has been employed in the main
busbar because of the compact size.

2.2 Rating (Applicable standard : IEC, ANSI)

Rated voltage (kV) 300 362

Type;
CB/DS/ES/CT/VT/LA Isolated-phase type
Main Busbar Three-phase common enclosure type
Rated interrupting current (kA) 50 / 63
Rated lightning impulse withstand voltage (kVp) 950 / 1050 1050 / 1175 / 1300
Rated power-frequency withstand voltage (kV) 380 / 460 450 / 520 / 555
Rated normal current (A) 1250 / 1600 / 2000 / 2500 / 3150
Rated short-time withstand current (kA) 50 / 63
Rated duration of short circuit (sec.) 3
Rated pressure of compressed SF6 gas (MPa·G)
CB 0.6
BUSBAR/DS/ES/CT/VT/LA 0.6
Arrangement (Cable-Feeder)
BUSBAR VT
BUSBAR
DS
DS DS
ES
DS ES ES
ES

CT
CT CT
CB DS
CH
CT CB

ES
DS

VT ES

CH

Bay dimensions; Length/Width/Height (approx. m) L 6.0 / W3.3 / H 3.8

Operating Mechanism;
CB Hydraulic
DS Motor
ES Motor / Motor Spring / Manual

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 Ref. No. XKUGIS300(P1)H

3. CONSTRUCTION & ARRANGMENT

3.1 Cross Section of Typical 300/362kV GIS (Cable-Feeder)
BUSBAR

VT

ES
DS

DS ES

ES
DS

CT CT

CH

CB

3.2 Arrangement

Cable Connection Bushing Connection

GIB Connection

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 Ref. No. XKUGIS300(P1)H

4. MODULAR COMPONENTS
4.1 Gas Circuit Breaker

Insulating Support Conductor Absorbent Hand Hole Conductor Spacer Current Insulated Change-over Closing
Transformer Operating Rod Valve Solenoid
Opening
Solenoid

N2 Gas Oil

Gas Tank (Conductor SF6 Gas Interrupter (Conductor Insulating Accumulator Operating Operating Oil Operating
(0.6MPa·G) Support Cylinder Piston Pump Box

Stationary Insulated Shield Main Puffer Puffer Insulated

Arc Contact Nozzle Contact Cylinder Piston Operating Rod

Conductor Moving Shield Current Conductor

Arc Contact Collector

(a) Closed Position (b) Open Position

Construction of Interrupter

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 Ref. No. XKUGIS300(P1)H

4.1.1 High Power Current Interruption

300/362kV 50/63kA GCB Type MFPT-300-50/63L, HAR has an interrupter with only one break per pole.
This interrupter was developed utilizing Hitachi s advanced technology as shown below ;

SYNCHRONIZED AXIAL NEW NOZZLE DESIGN

GAS BLAST LAVAL NOZZLE
･NO TRANSIENT GAS
OPTIMUM GAS BLAST OPTIMUM AXIAL GAS PRESSURE DROP
TIMING FLOW VOLUME ･OPTIMUM GAS FLOW
EFFECT

Puffer Cylinder

Cover Main Contact

Puffer Piston

Contact
Stationary Contact

Nozzle

STEP TYPE STATIONARY

PUFFER PRESSURE NEW NOZZLE MATERIAL CONTACT

･OPTIMUM PUFFER ･HIGH ARC-RESISTANT ･LOW FIELD STRESS

VOLUME , AND NOZZLE MATERIAL ･IMPROVED GAS FLOW
OPENING SPEED

1) Synchronized Axial Gas Blasting

The SF6 gas is continued to be compressed with the displacement of the puffer cylinder and is effectively released from the
insulating nozzle and exhaust holes on the moving contact simultaneously when the gas pressure inside the puffer cylinder
reaches the level high enough to extinguish the arc and also the moving contact comes to the position to have sufficient
distance from the stationary contact.

Nozzle
Stationary Puffer Piston
Contact

Arc Interruption

Moving Contact
Interruption
Puffer Cylinder

(a) Initial Stage (b) Intermediate Stage

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 Ref. No. XKUGIS300(P1)H

2) Laval Nozzle
With the Synchronized Axial Gas Blast, gas flow to the hollow of the moving contact is not so strong in comparison with
that to the stationary contact, which is very effective thanks to the gas flow compressed in the puffer cylinder.
With the Laval Nozzle, gas flow to the stationary contact is choked and effective gas flow to the hollow of the moving
contact can be secured.

3) New Nozzle Design

Through SF6 gas flow analysis in the nozzle, The most optimum nozzle configuration was designed.

Nozzle NOZZLE
Nozzle
× 1.1
× 1.3 × 1.1 × 1.3
×0.6 × 1. 0

Stationary Contact Stationary Contact

(a) Old Design (b) New Design

SF6 Gas Flow Analysis in the Nozzle
With the old design, the gas pressure in the gap between the nozzle and stationary contact, where the maximum dielectric
field appears, is low. However, with the new design, it becomes high.

4) High charging Current Interruption Capability

With one break per pole condition, the recovery voltage across moving and stationary contacts becomes double compared
with two breaks per pole construction. This problem was solved by high-speed operating mechanism and optimum
interrupter configuration design. Determination of dielectric recovery characteristic was drastically improved by adoption
of Teflon with Boron.

Dielectric recovery Dielectric recovery

characteristics characteristics
(New Nozzle) (Old Nozzle)
Stationary Nozzle Moving
Contact Contact
Voltage

Applied voltage
(1 Break per pole)
RESTRIKE

Applied voltage
(2 Break per pole)

Metallic Shield

Stroke

Dielectric Recovery Characteristics

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 Ref. No. XKUGIS300(P1)H

(a) Old Nozzle (b) New Arc-Resistant Nozzle (Teflon with Boron)
Nozzle After Full Short Circuit Current Interruption

5) Step Type Stationary Contact

With the step type stationary contact, the gap between the nozzle and stationary conductor becomes bigger when the
stationary contact gets away from the nozzle resulting in low field stress and improved gas flow.

4.1.2 Hydraulic Operating Mechanism

The hydraulic operating mechanism consists of (1) Oil pump unit for pressure generator, (2) Accumulator containing the
pressurized oil which is discharged to the operating piston cylinder, (3) Operating piston which drives the moving contact
of the breaker and (4) Operating valves which control the oil flow back and forth to the operating piston cylinder, The
operating piston cylinder and associated operating valves are immersed in oil to reduce the number of oil pipes connecting
related component, resulting in little external oil leakage.

Hydraulic Operating mechanism

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 Ref. No. XKUGIS300(P1)H

1) SAILENT FEATURE
1. Little external oil leakage due to less number of oil pipes thanks to oil immersed type.

2. Simple, Compact and Reliable Mechanism thanks to

a) One oil pump system common to three phases

b) Solenoid driver instead of electro magnetic driver
c) One side rod type operating piston instead of both side rod type

3. Hydraulic Anti-pumping mechanism is provided to ensure safe operation.

Operating Closing Closing Check Anti-pumping Opening

Piston Pilot Valve Solenoid Valve Piston Solenoid

Opening
Change-over
Pilot Valve
Valve

Accumulator Accumulator Accumulator

Oil Pump

Construction of Hydraulic Operating Mechanism

Specification of Hydraulic Operating Mechanism

Rated Pressure 31.5 MPa･G

Operating Duty Cycle O - 0.3 s - C O - 1 min. - C O
Accumulator Volume 20 lit. / phase
Oil Pump
・Capacity 1.5 kW
・Charging up time Less than 2.4 min. for 1 “CO”
・Replacing Time Less than 9 min. (From 0 to 31.5 MPa･G)

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 Ref. No. XKUGIS300(P1)H

2) Operation
1. Closing Operation
At ⑤, if a close command is given to the closing solenoid, the solenoid moves (i.e., opens) the closing pilot valve.
Then, the change-over valve chamber is highly pressurized and the change-over valve moves to the closed position.
Since the operating cylinder chamber also becomes highly pressurized, the operating piston starts closing operation (⑤).
During the closing operation of the piston (⑥), the anti-pumping piston operates to close the non-return valve.
At ⑦, the contact of trip-free contactor, which is charged by the auxiliary switch synchronizing with the operating
piston, interrupts the closing signal of control circuit. The closing solenoid is then reset first. The pilot valve and the
anti-pumping piston are also reset. The mechanism is in a completely the closed position (①).

2. Opening Operation
At ②, if an OPEN command is given to the opening solenoid, the solenoid moves (i.e., opens) the opening pilot valve.
Then, the change-over valve chamber becomes low pressurized and the change-over valve moves to the open position.
Since the operating cylinder chamber also becomes low pressurized, the auxiliary switch synchronizing with the
operating piston interrupts the opening signal of the control circuit. The opening solenoid and the opening pilot valve
are reset by their springs. Then, the mechanism is in a completely open position (④).

Non-return Valve
closed
Operating Piston
closing

Accumulator Oil Pump Accumulator Oil Pump Anti-pumping Piston

in operation

⑦ Closing Stage Ⅲ ⑥ Closing Stage Ⅱ

Operating Cylinder CLOSE
Chamber
Closing Pilot Valve command
resets Operating Change-over Valve
Piston closes Closing
starts closing Solenoid
Closing Solenoid in operation
reset
Anti-pumping
Piston Closing Pilot Valve
reset opens

High Pressure
Accumulator Oil Pump Accumulator Oil Pump Change-over Valve Chamber
Medium Pressure
① Completely Closed position ⑤ Closing Stage Ⅰ
Low Pressure

Operating Cylinder Change-over

Valve
Chamber opens

Opening Solenoid
resets
OPEN
command
Operating Piston Oil Pump
starts opening Opening Solenoid Accumulator Opening Pilot Valve
in operation resets
Accumulator Oil Pump Opening Pilot Valve opens
④ Completely Open Position
Change-over Valve Chamber Operating Piston
in Opening Position
② Opening Stage Ⅰ
Accumulator Oil Pump

③ Opening Stage Ⅱ

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 Ref. No. XKUGIS300(P1)H

2) Operation

3. Hydraulic Anti-pumping
Because un-reset condition of the closing pilot valve remains, closed condition of the non-return valve also remains
by function of the anti-pumping piston. Therefore, following an opening operation, closing operation does not begin
again.

Closing Stage Ⅲ

Non-return Valve
closed

Closing Pilot Valve

Accumulator Oil Pump
is not reset.
Closing Pilot Valve
Remaining un-reset

Closed Position
Closing Solenoid
reset

High Pressure
Medium Pressure
Accumulator Oil Pump Low Pressure

Closing Pilot Valve

Remaining un-reset

Opening Stage Ⅰ

OPEN
command

Opening Solenoid
in operation
Accumulator Oil Pump

Closing Pilot Valve

Remaining un-reset

Opening Stage Ⅱ

Accumulator Oil Pump

Closing Pilot Valve

Remaining un-reset

Open Position

Opening Solenoid
resets
Accumulator Oil Pump

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 Ref. No. XKUGIS300(P1)H

4. MODULAR COMPONENTS
4.2 Isolators (Disconnecting Switch)
The isolators are motor operated and feature three-phase gang operation. The basic design supports only no-load
switching operation, but facilities for interrupting capacitive charging current, transformer magnetization current,
and loop current may be added. A mechanical indicator fixed to the operating shaft inside the operating mechanism
provides a visual means of checking isolator position.

Current Collector Insulated Operating Rod

Earthing Bar Moving Contact Fixed Contact

Current Collector

(DS)
(ES)

Conductor
Insulated Terminal

Shield

Cross Section of Disconnecting Switch (with Earthing Switch)

4.3 Earthing Switches (Grounding Switches)

Earthing switches are operated by motor, or motor spring or manual and feature three-phase gang operation.
They may be attached to the GIS at any position. There two different types of earthing switches, each with its
own particular function: the maintenance earthing switch, and the high-speed earthing switch, for insertion into a
circuit that has been accidentally energized. Both designs are fully capable of resisting short-circuit fault currents
at their fully engaged positions. The earthing switches can be used as primary injection terminals for checking
voltage and currents. It is therefore possible to check the current transformer’s ratio and contact resistance
without draining the SF6 gas. A mechanical indicator fixed to the operating shaft inside the operating mechanism
provides a visual means of checking isolator position.

Current Fixed Contact Shield

Operating Lever Collector
Moving
Operating Contact
Mechanism
Part

Insulated
Rod

Insulated Terminal Earthing Bar

Conductor

Cross Section of Earthing Switch Earthing Switch with Motor Operating Box

page 11 of 14
 Ref. No. XKUGIS300(P1)H

4. MODULAR COMPONENTS
4.4 Busbars
Hitachi GIS uses three-phase common-enclosure
busbars because of their minimum area requirements
and maximum reliability. Since such busbar ratings
nave reached the 500kV range, they have gained wider
acceptance. Tulip connectors provide plug-in conven-
ience in both factory and on-site assembly.

Busbar

4.5 Lightning Arresters (Surge Arresters)

A lightning arrester is a device designed to both protect
electrical apparatus from high transient voltage and to
regulate the duration and amplitude of follow current.
Hitachi uses Zinc Oxide Lightning Arrester (ZLA)
without series gaps by using a zinc oxide.

Lightning Arrester

Cross Section of Lightning Arrester

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 Ref. No. XKUGIS300(P1)H

4. MODULAR COMPONENTS
4.6 Voltage Transformers
Hitachi uses electromagnetic transformers with high-
reliability SF6 gas insulation. These compact models
may be attached to the GIS from any position. The
design includes provisions for ferroresonant and other
particular specifications.

Voltage Transformer

Cross Section of Voltage Transformer

4.7 Current Transformers

The current transformers are ring core type. They are
surrounded by a grounded metal enclosure and shielded
from the high-voltage conductors. This design also pro-
tects them from the effects of enclosure current.

Current Transformer

Cross Section of Current Transformer

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 Ref. No. XKUGIS300(P1)H

4. MODULAR COMPONENTS
4.8 Interface 4.8.3 Transformer Bushings
GIS connected directly to a transformer requires
4.8.1 Cable Connections transformer bushings to keep the switchgear’s SF6
The cable manufacture must supply the cable sealing gas separate from the transformer’s insulating oil.
end for joining the cable to the GIS. Hitachi provides Although these bushings are normally part of the
the necessary cable box. End cover and connection. transformer manufacturer’s scope, Hitachi is capable
of supplying them if necessary. There should also be a
bellows near the transformer bushing to compensate
Conductor for alignment errors and to absorb excess vibration.

Bellows

Conductor

Shield
SF6 Gas

Tulip Contact
Epoxy Insulator SF6 Gas

Transformer
Bushing
CABLE
SEALING Cable
END

4.8.2 Gas to Air Bushings

Connecting GIS to overhead lines requires polymer or
porcelain gas to air bushings. The shape and length of Transformer Oil
these bushings is relative to the voltage level and
creepage distance.
Terminal
Upper Shield

Insulator

Conductor

SF6 Gas

Inside Shield

Tulip Contact

page 14 of 14
Hitachi, Ltd.

Hydroelectric Power & Substation Systems Dept.

International Operations Div. (Power Systems)
6, Kanda-Surugadai 4-chome
Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8010 Japan
Tel:+81-3-3258-1111
Fax:+81-3-3258-5083

Power & Industrial Systems

Substation Engineering Div.
1-1, Kokubu-cho 1-chome
Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki-ken, 316-8501 Japan
Tel:+81-294-36-1111 / 38-5570 / 36-8070
Fax:+81-294-38-5578 / 36-8386

Ref. No. XKUGIS300(P1)H