QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

2. Simplify 412 – 83 + 70
SESSION – 1
Solution:
SPEED MATHS – I Step 1:
Introduction 53921  6308  86  7025  11132  …2

Learning Mathematics is a pleasure and working out sums is an Step 2:

interesting activity. If you don’t find it interesting, that means 53921  6308  86  7025  11132  … 72
you haven’t tried to understand it. Since Maths plays an
Step 3:
important role in the Competitive Examinations, you should
have a firm determination to learn it. 53921  6308  86  7025  11132  … 472
Step 4:
The most basic things in Mathematics are the four fundamental
operations – addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. 53921  6308  86  7025  11132  … 8472
All these are useful and atleast one of them are used in any type
53921  6308  86  7025  11132  78472
of Mathematical question.
 53921 + 6308 + 86 + 7025 + 11132 = 78472
So if we do our basic mathematical calculations faster, our
valuable time is saved in each question. Speed and accuracy are 3. Simplify 412 – 83 + 70
very important and can be achieved only by constant practice. Solution:
Step 1:
Speed Maths helps you to perform the calculations faster than
our traditional methods. You should also know the To get the unit’s digit required, add and subtract the digits
multiplication tables up to 20 and it is always good to practise in the unit’s places according to the sign attached.
them. Here 2 – 3 + 0 = – 1
So write as
Learning the one line addition, subtraction, multiplication and
division methods also is useful. 412 – 83 + 70 = … (–1)
Step 2:
ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION
Similarly we get 1 – 8 + 7 = 0
1. Solve the following using one line addition method 4234 +  412 – 83 + 70 = (0) (–1)
8238 + 646 + 5321 + 350. Step 3:
Solution:
412 – 83 + 70 = 4(0) (–1)
Step 1:
Step 4:
Start adding the last digit from the right.
Replace the above temporary figures by real figures.
During inning total, don’t exceed 10. When we exceed 10,
To replace (–1) by a +ve digit, borrow from digits in tens.
make a tick anywhere near about our calculation and go
As the digit is 0, borrow from hundreds
about with the number exceeding 10.
(–1) (10)(–1) (10)
4234  8238  646  5321  350  …9
(4) (0) (–1)
Step 2:
3 9 9
Add the number of ticks with the digits in the second
 412 – 83 + 70 = 399
place.
4234  8238  646  5321  350  … 89 4. Simplify 89978 – 12345 – 36218
Solution:
Step 3:
Step 1: (4) (1) (4) (2) (–5)
Add the number of ticks with the digits in the third place.
Step 2: 4 1 4 1 5
4234  8238  646  5321  350  789
 89978 – 12345 – 36218 = 41415
Step 4:
Add the number of ticks with the digits in the fourth place. 5. Simplify 28369 + 38962 – 9873
Solution:
4234  8238  646  5321  350  18789
Step 1: (5) (7) (4) (5) (8)
 4234 + 8238 + 646 + 5321 + 350 = 18789
Step 2: 5 7 4 5 8
 28369 + 38962 – 9873 = 57458

Page 1 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

6. Simplify 10789 + 3946 – 2310 – 1223 3. Simplify 72519 9999

Solution: Solution:
Whenever we get a value more than 10 on adding and 72519 9999 = 72519 (10000 – 1)
subtracting the digits, we will put the unit’s digit and = 725190000 – 72519 = 725117481
carry over the ten’s digit and add it to the positive value.
4. Simplify 1397 1397
1 1 1
10 7 8 9  3946  2310  1223 Solution:
1397 1397 = (1400 – 3) (1400 – 3)
= (1) (1) (2) (0) (2) = 11202
Here we make use of the formula
 10789 + 3946 – 2310 – 1223 = 11202
(a  b)2  a2  b2  2ab)
7. Simplify 765.819 – 89.003 + 12.038 – 86.89
 1397 1397  (1400)2  (32)  6  1400
Solution:
First the number of digits after the decimal have to be = 1960000 + 9 – 8400 = 1960009 – 8400
= 1951609
equated.
765.819 – 89.003 + 12.038 – 86.890 5. Simplify 12345679 72
1 1 1 1 1 Solution:
 7 6 5 . 8 1 9  89.003  12.038  86.890 12345679 72 = (12345679) (70 + 2)
= 7 (–9) (–8) .0 (–4) (4) = 864197530 + 24691358 = 888888888
= 601.964
6. Simplify 839478 625
 765.819 – 89.003 + 12.038 – 86.890 = 601.964
Solution:
8. Simplify 792.02 + 101.32 – 306.76 4
 10 
839478 625  839478   
Solution:  2 
792.02 + 101.32 – 306.76
839478  104 8394780000
= (5) (9) (–3) (–4) (–2)   = 524673750
24 16
=5 8 6 . 5 8
(a + b) (a – b) = a2 – b2
 792.02 + 101.32 – 306.78 = 586.58

9. Simplify 1 + .1 + .01 + .001 1. Evaluate 6582  3582

Solution: Solution:
1.000 + 0.100 + 0.010 + 0.001 = 1.111 6582  3582  (658  358)(658  358)

10. Simplify 892.7 – 573.07 – 95.007  1016  300 = 304800

Solution:
2. Evaluate 97172  2832
892.700 – 573.070 – 95.007
Solution:
= 3 (–7) (–6) (7) (–7) (–7)
2 2 4 6 2 3 97172  2832  (9717  283)(9717  283)

 892.700 – 573.070 – 95.007 = 224.623  10000  9434 = 94340000

SPLIT AND MERGE 4762  4242

3. Evaluate
1192  1062
1. Simplify 5358 101
Solution: Solution:
Here distributive property a(b + c) = ab + ac is made use 4762  4242 (476  424) (476  424)

of 1192  1062 (119  106) (119  106)
5358 101 = 5358 (100 + 1)
900  52 900 52
= 535800 + 5358 = 541158     4  4  16
225  13 225 13
2. Simplify 3897 999
4. Evaluate 6252  5752
Solution:
Solution:
3897 999 = 3897 (1000 – 1)
= 3897000 – 3897 = 3893103 6252  5752  (625  575)(625  575)
 1200  50 = 60000

Page 2 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

(0.783)2  (0.217)2 75435.75  2  37717.86

5. Evaluate
0.566  7543.572  2  37717.86
Solution:
6. 257942.652  25  ?
(0.783)2  (0.217)2 (0.783  0.217) (0.783  0.217)
 Solution:
0.566 0.566
257942.652  100  25794265.2
1  0.566
 1 25794265.2  4  6448566.3
0.566
 257942.652  25  6448566.3
6. If 642  362  20  x find x.
Solution: MULTIPLICATION WITH 11 TO 13

642  362  20x (1) Multiplication by 11

 (64  36) (64  36)  20x Step 1: The last digit of the number is put down as the right
 2800  20x hand figure of the answer.
 x  140 Step 2: Each successive digit of the number is added to its
neighbour at the right.
MULTIPLICATION BY 5 AND 25
1. Simplify 5892 11
To multiply by 5 follow the following 2 steps
Solution:
(i) Multiply by 10
Step 1: Put down the last figure 5892 as the right hand
(ii) Divide by 2
5892  11
figure of the answer
To multiply by 25 follow the following 2 steps. 2
(i) Multiply by 100 Step 2: 9 + 2 = 11 (Put 1 below the line and carry over 1)
(ii) Divided by 4 5892  11
12
1. Multiply 257892 by 5
Solution: 5892  11
Step 3: (8 + 9 + 1 = 18, put 8 below and carry
257892  10  2578920 812
over 1)
2578920  2  1289460
5892  11
 257892  5  1289460 Step 4: (5 + 8 + 1 = 14, put 4 below and carry
4812
over 1)
2. Multiply 984670 by 5
Solution: 5892  11
Step 5: (5 + 1 = 6, put 6 as the left hand figure)
984670  10  9846700 64812
 5892  11  64812
9846700  2  4923350
 984670  5  4923350 2. Evaluate 23145  11
Solution:
3. Multiply 12569025 by 25
Solution: 23145  11
Steps: (5  1  5)
12569025  100  1256902500
5
23145  11
1256902500  4  314225625 (4  5  9)
95
 12569025  25  314225625
23145  11
(1  4  5)
4. 857609845  25  ? 595
Solution: 23145  11
(3  1  4)
857609845  100  85760984500 4595

85760984500  4  21440246125 23145  11

(2  3  5)
54595
 857609845  25  21440246125
23145  11
(0  2  2)
5. Simplify 7543.572  5 254595
Solution:  23145  11  254595
7543.572  10  75435.72

Page 3 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

3. Evaluate 89067  11 22200007  12

(0  2  2  2)
Solution: 266400084
Steps: 7  1  7  22200007  12  266400084

6 + 7 = 13 (write 3 and carry over 1) MULTIPLICATION BY 13

0+6+1=7
To multiply the number by 13
9+0=9
8 + 9 = 17 (write 7 and carry over 1) Step 1: Multiply the right hand figure by 3.

0+8+1=9 Step 2: Table each digit in turn and add to the right neighbour.

 89067  11  979737 1. Simplify 9483 13

Solution:
MULTIPLICATION BY 12
483  13
To multiply the number by 12, Step 1: (Treble the right hand figure and write
9
Step 1: Double the right hand figure of the number it down)
Step 2: Double each digit in turn and add to the right hand
483  13
neighbour. Step 2: (8  3  3  27, write down 7 and
79
1. Evaluate 5324 12 carry over 2)
Solution: 483  13
Step 3: (4  3  8  2  22, write down 2 and
5324  12 279
(Double the right hand figure 4  2  8 and
8 carry over 2)
write as the right hand figure of the answer) 483  13
Step 4: (9  3  4  2  33, write down 3 and
5324  12 3279
(2  2  4  8, write down 8)
88 carry over 3)
5324  12 483  13
(3  2  2  8, write down 8) Step 5: (0  3  9  3  12, write down 12)
888 13279
5324  12  9483  13  1,23,279
(5  2  3  13, write down 3, carry over 1)
3888
2. Simplify 456789  13
5324  12
(0  2  5  1  6, write down 6) Solution:
63888
 5324  12  63888 456789  13
Steps: (9  3  27, write 7, carry over 2)
7
2. Evaluate 22200007  12
456789  13
(2  24  9  35, write 5, carry over 3)
Solution: 57
22200007  12 456789  13
(7  2  14, write down 4, carry over 1) (3  21  8  32, write 2, carry over 3)
4 257
22200007  12 456789  13
(1  0  7  8, write down 8) (3  18  7  28, write 8, carry over 2)
84 8257
22200007  12 456789  13
(0  0  0, write down 0) (2  15  6  23, write 3, carryover 2)
084 38257
22200007  12 456789  13
(0  0  0, write down 0) (2  12  5  19, write 9, carry over 1)
0084 938257
22200007  12
(0  0  0, write down 0) 456789  13
00084 (1  4  5, write 5)
5938257
22200007  12  456789  13  5938257
(2  2  0  4, write down 4)
400084
22200007  12
(2  2  2  6, write down 6)
6400084 MULTIPLICATION: NUMBERS CLOSER TO 100
22200007  12
(2  2  2  6, write down 6) For example to find 103  104, we make use of 2 steps.
66400084

Page 4 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

(i) Multiply the right side digits 3  4  12 Solution:

(ii) 103 + 4 = 104 + 3 = 107 Here the vertically and crosswise formula is made use of.
 103  104  10712 There are 3 steps.
Step 1: Multiply vertically on the right 7  8  56
1. Simplify 107  102
Solution: Write 6 as the last digit and carry over 5
107 + 2 = 102 + 7 = 109 Step 2: Multiply crosswise and add with the carry over
7  2  14 1  8  1  7  5  20

 107  102  10914 Write 0 as the middle digit and carry over 2.
Step 3: Multiply vertically on the left and add with the
2. Simplify 109  105
carry over 1  1  2  3
Solution:
Write this as the first digit.
109 + 5 = 105 + 9 = 114
9  5  45 1 7

 109  105  11445

1 8
3. Simplify 98  86
Solution:  17  18  306
98 = 100 – 2, 86 = 100 – 14
2. Find the product 87  92
98 – 2
86 – 14 Solution:
98 – 14 = 86 – 2 = 84 8 7
2  14  28
 98  86  8428
9 2
4. Simplify 98  95 8004
Solution: 7  2  14  4 is the last digit
98 = 100 – 2, 95 = 100 – 5
8  2  9  7  1  80  0 is the middle digit.
98 – 2
8  9  8  80  80 gives the first 2 digits.
95 – 5
98 – 5 = 95 – 2 = 93  87  92  8004
2  5  10
3. Simplify 61  31
 98  95  9310
Solution:
5. Simplify 112  107  93  96
6 1
Solution:
112 = 100 + 12, 107 = 100 + 7
112 + 7 = 119, 107 + 12 = 119 3 1
12  7  84 1891
 112  107  11984 1  1  1  1 is the last digit.
93 = 100 – 7, 96 = 100 – 4 6  1  3  1  9  9 is the middle digit.
93 – 4 = 89, 96 – 7 = 89
6  3  18  18 gives the first 2 digits
97  4  28
 61  31  1891
 93  96  8928
 112  107  93  96
= 11984 + 8928 = 20912

MULTIPLICATION: TWO DIGIT NUMBERS

4. Simplify 33  97
1. Simplify 17 18 Solution:

Page 5 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

3 3 Solution:
6 7 5

9 7 Step 1: 5  8  40, write down 0 carry over 4

3201 7 8
0
3  7  21  1 is the last digit and carry over 2.
3  7  3  9  2  50  0 is the middle digit carry over 5 6 7 5

3  9  5  32
Step 2: 7  8  5  7  4  95 write down 5,
 33  97  3201 7 8
5 0
5. Simplify 81  89
carry over 9
Solution:
6 7 5
8 1
Step 3: 6  8  7  7  9  106 write down 6,
7 8
8 9
6 5 0
7209
carry over 10
1  9  9  9 is the last digit
6 7 5
8  9  8  1  80  0 is the middle digit
8  8  8  72  72 is the first 2 digits Step 4: 6  7  10  52 write down 52
7 8
 81  89  7201
52 6 5 0

SESSION – 2  675  78  52650

SPEED MATHS – II 3. Simplify 95 847

MULTIPLICATION: 2 DIGIT NUMBER WITH 3 DIGIT NUMBER Solution:

1. Solve 325 17 9 5

Solution: Step 1: 5  7  35, write down 5, carry over 3

3 2 5 847
5
Step 1: 5  7  35, write down 5, carry over 3
1 7
9 5
5

3 2 5 Step 2: 9  7  5  4  3  86 write down 6,

847
Step 2: 2  7  5  1  3  22 write down 2,
1 7 6 5
2 5 carry over 8
carry over 2 9 5
3 2 5

Step 3: 8  5  9  4  8  84 write down 4,

Step 3: 3  7  2  1  2  25 write down 5, 847
1 7
46 5
5 2 5
carry over 2 carry over 9
3 2 5 9 5

Step 4: 3  (1)  2  3  2  5 write down 5 Step 4: 8  9  8  80 write down 90

1 7 847
5 5 2 5 80 4 6 5
 325  17  5525  95  847  80465

2. Solve 675 78
4. Simplify 275 64

Page 6 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

Solution: 3 6 2
2 7 5
Step 2: 6  4  2  3  30 write down 0, carry
3 4
Step 1: 5  4  20, write down 0 carry over 2
6 4 0 8
0 over 3
2 7 5 3 6 2

Step 2: 7  4  6  5  2  60 write down 0, Step 3: 3  4  6  3  3  33 write down 3,

6 4 3 4
0 0 3 0 8
carry over 6 carry over 3
2 7 5 3 6 2

Step 3: 2  4  7  6  6  56 write down 6, Step 4: 3  3  3  12 write down 12

6 4 3 4
6 0 0 12 3 0 8
carry over 5
 362  34  12308
2 7 5
So, 251  27  362  34  6777  12308  19085
Step 4: 2  6  5  17 write down 17
6 4 MULTIPLICATION: 3 DIGIT NUMBERS
17 6 0 0
1. Simplify 321  132
 275  64  17600
Solution:
5. Solve 251  27  362  34 3 2 1
Solution:
Step 1: 122
2 5 1
1 3 2

1  7  7, write down 7 2
Step 1:
2 7
3 2 1
7
2 5 1 Step 2: 22  31  7
1 3 2
Step 2: 5  7  2  1  37, write down 7 carry 7 2
2 7
3 2 1
7 7
over 3
Step 3: 3  2  1  1  2  3  13 (write down
2 5 1 1 3 2
3 7 2
Step 3: 2  7  5  2  3  27 write down 7,
2 7 3, carry over 1)
7 7 7 3 2 1
carry over 2
Step 4: 3  3  1  2  1  12 (write down 2,
2 5 1 1 3 2

Step 4: 2  2  2  6 write down 6 2 3 7 2

2 7
carry over 1)
67 7 7
3 2 1
 251  27  6777
Step 5: 31  1  4
3 6 2
1 3 2

2  4  8, write down 8 42 3 7 2
Step 1:
3 4
 321  132  42372
8

Page 7 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

2. Simplify 275  526 3 3 6

Solution:
Step 3: 3  8  6  6  3  7  7  88 write
2 7 5 6 7 8
8 0 8
Step 1: 5  6  30, write down 0, carry over
52 6 down 8, carry over 8
0 3 3 6
3
Step 4: 3  7  6  3  8  47 write down 7,
2 7 5 6 7 8
78 0 8
Step 2: 7  6  5  2  3  55, write down 5,
5 2 6 carry over 4
5 0 3 3 6
carry over 5
Step 5: 3  6  4  22, write down 22
2 7 5 6 7 8
22 7 8 0 8
Step 3: 2  6  5  5  7  2  5  56 write
5 2 6  336  678  227808
6 5 0
4. Simplify 569  952
down 6, carry over 5
Solution:
2 7 5
5 6 9
Step 4: 2  2  7  5  5  44, write down 4
5 2 6 9  2  18, write down 8, carry over 1
Step 1:
95 2
4 6 5 0
8
carry over 4
2 7 5 5 6 9

Step 5: 2  5  4  14, write down 14 Step 2: 6  2  9  5  1  58 write down 8,

5 2 6 95 2

14 4 6 5 0 8 8

 275  526  144650 carry over 5

5 6 9
3. Simplify 336  678
Solution: Step 3: 5  2  9  9  6  5  5  126 write
9 5 2
3 3 6
6 8 8

Step 1: 6  8  48, write down 8, carry over down 6, carry over 12

6 7 8
5 6 9
8
4 Step 4: 5  5  6  9  12  91 write down
9 5 2
3 3 6
16 8 8

Step 2: 3  8  6  7  4  70 write down 0, 1, carry over 9

6 7 8
5 6 9
0 8
carry over 7 Step 5: 5  9  9  54 write down 54
9 5 2
54 1 6 8 8

 569  952  541688

Page 8 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

5. Simplify 102  304  207  121 2 0 7

Solution:
102  304 Step 4: 2  2  1  0  1  5 write down 5
1 2 1
1 0 2 50 4 7

2 0 7
Step 1: 2  4  8, write down 8
3 0 4
8 Step 5: 21  2
1 2 1
1 0 2 250 4 7
 207  121  25047
Step 2: 0  4  2  0  0, write down 0
3 0 4 102  304  207  121
0 8 = 31008 + 25077 = 56055

1 0 2 MULTIPLICATION – COMPLEMENTARY NUMBERS

Numbers having the same digits except the right most digits
Step 3: 1  4  2  3  0  0  10 write down
3 0 4 whose sum is 10 are called complementary pairs.
0 0 8 For example: 83, 87; 114, 116, 342, 348 are complementary
0, carry over 1 pairs.

1 0 2 To multiply complementary numbers, there are 2 steps. If the

numbers are 94 and 96 multiply the right most digits
Step 4: 1  0  3  0  1  1, write down 1 4  6  24.
3 0 4
10 0 8 Multiply the first number by the number one up 9  10  90
 94  96  9024
1 0 2
1. Simplify 32  38
Step 5: 1  3  3, write down 3
3 0 4 Solution:
31 0 0 8 3  4  12

 102  304  31008 2  8  16

 32  38  1216
207  121

2 0 7 2. Simplify 87  83
Solution:
Step 1: 7  1  7, write down 7 8  9  72
1 2 1
7 7  3  21
 87  83  7221
2 0 7
3. Simplify 126  124
Step 2: 0  1  7  2  14, write down 4 carry
1 2 1 Solution:
12  13  156
4 7
over 1 6  4  24

2 0 7  126  124  15624

4. Simplify 243  247

Step 3: 2  1  7  1  0  2  1  10 write
1 2 1 Solution:
0 4 7 24  25  600
down 0 carry over 1 3  7  21
 243  247  60021

Page 9 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

5. Simplify 92  98  67  63 Also, allot one place at the right end of the dividend to the
Solution: remainder position of the answer.

9  10  90
92  98  9016  2  8  16 
 
8 4
1 6 3 8
6  7  42 12 4 11 6
67  63  4221 7  3  21
  1 2 8
 92  98  67  63

= 9016 + 4221 = 13237 Step 1: Divide 16 by 12, Q = 1, R = 4

Step 2: 43 – 8  1 = 35 is the next dividend
DIVISION – ONE LINE METHOD
Divide 35 by 12, Q = 2, R = 11
1. Divide 38982 by 73 Step 3: 118 – 8  2 = 118 – 16 = 102 is the next dividend.
Solution: Divide 102 by 12, Q = 8, R = 6
73 is the divisor. We put down only the first digit 7 in the Step 4: 64 – 8  8 = 64 – 64 = 0 which is the remainder
divisor column and put the other digit 3 on the top of it. As So 16384  128 = 128
one digit (3) has been put on the top, we allot one place at
the right end of the dividend to the remainder position of 3. Divide 601325 by 76
the answer and mark it off from the digits by a vertical Solution:
line. Take 7 as the first digit and put 6 at the top of it.
Also allot one place at the right end of the dividend to the
remainder position of the answer.
3 2
3 8 9 8
7 3 3 1
5 3 4 0 6 6 0 1 3 2 500
7 11 6 2 265
Step 1: Since 3 is less than 7, 38 is the first dividend. 7 9 1 2 .171
Divide 38 by 7, Q = 5, R = 3.
Step 1: Divide 60 by 7, Q = 8, R = 4
Write down 5 as the first digit of the quotient and prefix
If we put 8 down, then 41 – 6  8 = 41 – 48 becomes
the remainder (3) before 9 of the dividend.
negative which is absurd.
Step 2: Now our dividend is 39. From this the product of
 Q = 7, R = 11.
the indexed (3) and the first digit of the quotient (5) or
3  5  15 is to be deducted. Step 2: 111 – 6  7  111  42  69 is the next
dividend.
The net dividend is 39 – 15 = 24.
Dividing 69 by 7, Q = 9, R = 6
Dividing 24 by 7, Q = 3, R = 3.
Step 3: 63 – 6  9 = 63 – 54 = 9 is the next dividend.
Write down 3 as the second digit of the quotient and
prefix the remainder 3 before 8 of the dividend. Dividing 9 by 7, Q = 1, R = 2

Step 3: Now, the dividend is 38. From this the product 3  3 Step 4: 22 – 6  1 = 16 is the next dividend.

is to be subtracted and the net dividend is 38 – 9 = 29. Dividing 16 by 7, Q = 2, R = 2

Dividing 29 by 7, Q = 4 and R = 1. Step 5: 25 – 6  2 = 25 – 12 = 13 is the remainder.

Write down 4 as the third digit of the quotient and prefix If it is to be converted as a decimal, add zeros after 5 and
1 before 2. proceed as above.

Step 4: Now, the dividend is 12. From this the product Dividing 13 by 7, Q = 1, R = 6
3  4  12 is to be subtracted and we obtain 0 as the 60 – 6  1 = 54
remainder. Dividing 54 by 7, Q = 7, R = 5
 38982  73  534 50 – 6  7 = 50 – 42 = 8
Dividing 8 by 7, Q = 1, R = 1
2. Divide 16384 by 128
The process can be continued for any number of digits
Solution: after the decimal.
Take 12 as the first digit and put 8 at the top of it.  60132  76  7912.171

Page 10 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

4. Divide 710.014 by 39 (to 4 places of decimals) Divide 87 by 9, Q = 8, R = 15

Solution: 150 – 9  8 = 150 – 72 = 78
Divide 78 by 9, Q = 7, R = 15
The process can be continued.
9 7 1
0 0 1 4 0  64932  99 = 655.8787
3 4 8 2 2 6 7
1 8 2 0 5 4 PERCENTAGE CALCULATIONS

Take 3 as the first digit and put 9 at the top of it. Also allot To calculate the product of 2 numbers, percentage is used.
one place before the decimal point at the right end of the
1. Find the value of 43 78 using percentage.
dividend and also write the digits after the decimal point.
Solution:
Step 1: Divide 7 by 3, Q = 2, R = 1
Consider 43% of 78
But if Q = 2, the next dividend will become negative. So, Q
43% of 78 = 10% of 78 + 10% of 78 + 10% of 78 + 10% of
= 1, R = 4
78 + 1% of 78 + 1% of 78 + 1% of 78
Step 2: 41 – 9  1 = 41 – 9 = 32
= 7.8 + 7.8 + 7.8 + 7.8 + .78 + .78 + .78 = 33.54
Dividing 32 by 3, Q = 8, R = 8
43% of 78 = .43  78 and the digits for 43  78 will be
80 – 9  8 = 80 – 72 = 8
the same. Now, put back the decimal point
Dividing 8 by 3, Q = 2, R = 2
 43  78  3354
20 – 9  2 = 20 – 18 = 2
Dividing 2 by 3, Q = 0, R = 2 2. Find the product 324 82 using percentage
21 – 9  0 = 21 – 0 = 21 Solution:
Dividing 21 by 3, Q = 5, R = 6 Consider 324% of 82 = 3.24  82
64 – 9  5 = 64 – 45 = 19 = 3  82 + 8.2 + 8.2 + .82 + .82 + .82 + .82
Dividing 19 by 3, Q = 4, R = 7 = 246 + 16 + 3.68 = 265.68
 710.014  39 = 18.2054  324  82 = 26568

5. Divide 64932 by 99 3. Find the product 252 151 using percentage

Solution: Solution:
Take 9 as the first digit and put 9 at the top of it. Also allot Consider 252% of 151
one place at the right end of the dividend to the remainder 252% of 151 = 2.52  151
position of the answer.
= 2  151 + 15.1 + 15.1 + 15.1 + 15.1 + 15.1 + 1.51 + 1.51
= 302 + 75.5 + 3.02 = 380.52

9 6  252  151 = 38052

4 9 3 2 0 0 0 0
9 10 10 13 15 15 15 15
53
6 5 5 8 7 8 7 4. Find the percentage value of the ratio
81
64 is the first dividend. Solution:
Divide 64 by 9, Q = 6, R = 10 53 40.5  8.1  4.4

109 – 6  9 = 109 – 54 = 55 81 81

Divide 55 by 9, Q = 5, R = 10 40.5 8.1 4.4

  
103 – 9  5 = 103 – 45 = 58 81 81 81

Divide 58 by 9, Q = 5, R = 13 4.4
= 50% + 10% +
81
132 – 45 = 87
Divide 87 by 9, Q = 8, R = 15 4.05 0.35
= 60% + 
81 81
150 – 9  8 = 150 – 72 = 78
= 65% + 0.43% = 65.43%
Divide 78 by 9, Q = 7, R = 15
150 – 9  7 = 150 – 63 = 87

Page 11 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

5. Compare
173
with
181
using percentage. (3) 2  4  2  32  1  26, write down 6 as the next digit
212 241 and carry over 2.
Solution: (4) 2  8  2  2  4  3  2  58, write down 8 as the next
173 106 53 10.6 3.4 digit and carry over 5.
   
212 212 212 212 212
(5) 2  8  3  42  5  69, write down 9 as the next digit
3.4
 50%  25%  5%  and carry over 6.
212
(6) 2  8  4  6  70, write down 0 as the next digit and
 80%  1.6%  81.6
carry over 7.
181 120.5 60.25 .25
   (7) 82  7  71, write down 71.
241 241 241 241
= 50% + 25% + .001% = 75.001% (8432)2  71098624
81.6 > 75.001%
SQUARES OF NUMBERS FROM 51 TO 59
173 181
  (51)2  25  1 / 12  26 / 01  2601
212 241
(52)2  25  2/ 22  27 / 04  2704
SQUARES
(53)2  25  / 32  28 / 09  2809
1. Find the square of 207
Solution: (54)2  25  4 / 42  29 / 16  2916
2072 (55)2  25  5/ 52  30 / 25  3025
(1) 72  49, write down 9 as the last digit and carry over (59)2  25  9 / 92  34 / 81  3481
4.
1. 572  25  7 / 72  32/ 49  3249
(2) 2  0  7  4  4, write it down in the next position.
SQUARES OF NUMBERS WITH UNIT DIGIT AS 5
(3) 2  2  7  02  28, write down 8 in the third position
and carry over 2. 1. 152  1  (1  1) / 52  2/ 25  225
(4) 2  0  2  2  2 write down 2 in the fourth place. 2. 352  3  (3  1) / 52  12 / 52  1225
(5) 22  4 write down 4 3. 852  8  9 / 25  7225
2072  42849 4. 2252  22  23/ 25  506 / 25  50625
2. Find the square of 897 SQUARES OF NUMBERS NEARER TO 10x, x N
Solution: Here the algebraic formula is used.
(1) 72  49, write down 9 in the last place and carry over x2  (x2  y2)  y2  (x  y)(x  y)  y2
4.
(2) 2  9  7  4  130, write down O in the next place and 1. 982  (98  2)(98  2)  22
carry over 13. = 9600 + 4 = 9604
2
(3) 2  8  7  9  3  206, write down 6 in the next
2. (104)2  (104  4)(104  4)  42
place and carry over 20.
= 10800 + 16 = 10816
(4) 2  8  9  20  164, write down 4 and carry over 16.

(5) 82  16  80, write it down. 3. (1007)2  (1007  7)(1007  7)  72

= 1014000 + 49 = 1014049
(897)2  804609
PRACTICE EXERCISE
3. Find the square of 8432.
1. Find the square of 307.
Solution:
2. Find the squares of numbers 61 – 69.
(1) 22  4, write down 4 as the last digit. 3. Find the square of numbers 45 and 235.
(2) 2  3  2  12, write down 2 as the next digit and carry 4. Find the squares of numbers 96 and 106.
over 1.

Page 12 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

SESSION – 3 13.24

SPEED MATHS – III 1 1,75.29,76

1
SQUARE ROOTS
23 075
If y  x2 , then x  y is called the square root of y.
69
Square roots of numbers can be found out
262 629
(i) by factorisation method (ii) by division method
524

1. Evaluate 6084 by factorisation method 2644 10576

10576
Solution:
6084  2  2  3  3  13  13 2 6084 0
2 3042 (i) Mark of all the digits in pairs starting from either side
 22  32  132
3 1521 of the decimal point.
 6084  22  32  132 3 507  175.2976  13.24
 2  3  13 = 78 13 169
0.289
13 6. Find the value of
 6084  78 0.00121
Solution:
2. Find the square root of 53824 by division method.
Solution: 0.289 28900 170
 
0.00121 121 11
(i) Mark off all the digits in pairs starting from the unit’s
digit. 7. Find the greatest number of 4 digits which is a perfect
2
(ii) 2  4, remainder 1, bring down the next pair. The square.

dividend is 138. Solution:

The greatest number of 4 digits is 9999
(iii) Double 2 and put 3 as the unit’s digit. The divisor is
43. 232 99
2 5, 3, 8, 24 9 9999
(iv) Bring down 24, continue the process.
4
 53824  232 43 138 81
129
462 924 189 1899
3. Evaluate 248  51  169 924
1701
0

Solution: 198

248  51  169  248  51  13 Since 198 is the remainder, 9999 – 198 will be a perfect
square.
 248  64  248  8  256  16 9999 – 198 = 9801
 The greatest number of 4 digits which is a perfect
 248  51  169  16
square is 9801.

95  85  18900 8. Find the smallest number to be subtracted from 549162

4. Evaluate to make it a perfect square.
17  19  21
Solution:
Solution:
7 549162 741
95  85  18900
 5  5  900  5  5  30  30 49
17  19  21
144 591
 5  30  150 576
1481 1562
5. Find the square root of 175 . 2976 1481
81
Solution:
 549162 – 81 will become a perfect square.
 The smallest number to be subtracted is 81.

Page 13 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

9. Simplify .0025  2.25  .0001 2. Calculate 213

Solution: Solution:

.0025  2.25  .001 8 4 2 1

8 4
 .0025  2.25  .0001 9 2 6 1
25 225 1 25  225
   
10000 100 10000 10000000000 8  23 , 8  4  2, 4  2  1, 2  1  2
 
5  15 75
   0.00075
100000 100000

10. Find the smallest number by which 5808 should be 4  2  8, 2  2  4

multiplied to make it a perfect square.
Solution:
2 5808 213  9261
2 2904
5808  2  2  2  2  11  11  13
2 1452 3. Calculate 343
4 2
 2  11  3 2 726 Solution:
 The required smallest number is 3. 3 363 27 36 48 64
11 121 72 96
PRACTICE EXERCISE:
11 39 123 150 6 4

1. Evaluate: √ √ √
33  27 and the ratio is 3 : 4 and so 
 
2. Evaluate: √  the next number is 4 or the previous 
 3 

3. Find the greatest number of 4 digits which is a perfect

343  39304
square.

CUBES 4. Calculate 933

Cubes of 2 digit numbers Solution:
To calculate the cube value of a 2 digit number. 729 243 81 27
486 162
Step 1: Put down the cube of the ten’s digit in a row of 4 figures.
804 753 245 27
Find the ratio between the digits of the given number. So,
the other 3 digits in the row are in the geometrical ratio in
the exact proportion. 93  729, 9 : 3  3 : 1 
 
Step 2: Put down under the second and third digits, 2 times of  Each term is obtained by dividing by 3
the second and the third digit. Then add up the 2 rows.
933  804357
1. Calculate 123
5. Calculate 773
Solution:
Solution:
The ten’s digit of the number is 1
343 343 343 343
So we write the first digit as 13  1  686 686
The ratio between the digits is 1:2, the next digits will be 456 1135 1063 34 3
double the previous one.
So the first row is 1 2 4 8
73  343, ratio 1 : 1
The second ad the third digits are 2 and 4.  
So write down 4 and 8 below 2 and 4 and then add. 773  456533
1 2 4 8
CUBE ROOTS
4 8
1 7 2 8 If y  x3 , then x is called the cube root of y and is written as

123  1728 x3y

Page 14 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

1. Find the cube root of 2744. SIMPLIFICATION

2 2744
Solution:
2 1372 Introduction
2744  2  2  2  7  7  7
2 686
While performing simplification greatest care has to be taken to
 23  73 7 343
avoid mistakes. Developing ability to calculate is one of the
3 2744  2  7 7 49 major thrust areas. Developing the calculation speed is very
7 important. Addition perhaps is the critical skill to develop the
= 14
calculations. Try to practise adding 2 digit numbers to improve
2. Find the cube root of 0.000512 2 512 the calculation speed. Make sure that you are through with
Solution: 2 256
addition before attempting the process of subtraction. The
3 2 128
3 512 512 multiplication methods followed in speed maths is useful for fast
0.000512  3  2 64
1000000 100 calculations.
2 32
3
512  29 2 16
For simplification BODMAS rule depicts the correct sequence in
2 8 which the operations are to be executed so as to find out the
 512  23  8 2 4
value of a given expression.
2
3 8
 0.000512   0.08
100 B – Bracket, O – Of, D – Division, M – Multiplication, A – Addition,
S – Subtraction.
12
3. Evaluate 3 4 When you simplify an expression, first the brackets have to be
125
removed and then the other operations in the given order.
Solution:

12 3 512 3 512 8 3 1. Simplify 100  20  55

34    1 2
125 125 3 125 5 5 Solution:
100  20  55  100  1100
4. Find the smallest number by which 3600 be divided to
make it a perfect cube. = 1200
2 3600
Solution:
2 1800 2. Simplify 50040  139  60
3600  2  2  2  2  3  3  5  5 2 900
Solution: 9 5 0 0 4 0
4 2 2 2 450
 2 3 5 13 115
5 225 50040
  60
 3600 should be divided by 2  32  52 to make it 3 45 139 3 6 0
a perfect cube 8. 3 15 = 360 – 60 = 300
5
 The required number is 2  9  25  450
480  15  12  20  7  60
3. Simplify
140  8  2  55
5. Find the largest 5 digit number which is a perfect cube. Solution:
Solution:
480  15  12  20  7  60 7200  240  420

The largest 5 digit cube is 463  97336 140  8  2  55 1120  110

PRACTICE EXERCISE – II 6960  420 7380

  =6
1230 130
1. Calculate 233.
3 4 5 21
4. Simplify of of of of 504.
3 5 7 9 24
2. Calculate 97 .
Solution:
3. Find the cube root of 5832.
3 4 5 21
4. Find the cube root of 0.000216. of of of of 504
5 7 9 24
5. Find the smallest number by which 33275 be divided to 3 4 5 21
     504
make it a perfect cube. 5 7 9 24
= 84

Page 15 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

1 1 1 2 37 1
5. Simplify 4  4  8  5 9. If 2 , where x, y, z are natural numbers,
2 3 3 3 13 1
x
Solution: 1
y
z
9 13 25 3
   find x, y, z.
2 3 3 17
39 25 663  50 613 1 Solution:
     18
2 17 34 34 34 37 1
2
13 1
6. Simplify 0.008  0.01  0.0072  (0.12  0.0004) x
1
y
Solution: z
0.008  0.01  0.0072  (0.12  0.0004)
37 1
0.0072  2
 0.00008  13 1
x
0.000048 1
y
0.8  0.0072 8 72 100 12 z
      0.012
0.48 10 10000 48 1000 11 1
2 2
13 1
7. If 3  1.6  3.2  3.2  2.25  x   0.65, find the value x
1
y
of x. z
Solution:
11 1 1 13 2
  x  1
3  1.6  3.2  3.2  2.25  x   0.65 13 x  1 1 11 11
y
1 z
  2.25    y
 z
 3  1.6  3.2   3.2     0.65
   x   
1 2 1 11
 x  1,   x  1, y  
  2.25   1 11 z 2
 3  1.6   3.2  3.2     0.65 y
  x  z
 2.25  1 1
 3  1.6   0.65  x  1, y   5   x  1, y  5, z  2
 x  z 2

2.25  x, y, z are 1, 5, 2.
 3  1.6   0.65
x
3x 21
2.25 10. If 4x + 5y = 83 and  , find y – x.
 1.4   0.65 2y 22
x
Solution:
2.25
  1.4  0.65  0.75
x 4x  5y  83

2.25 225 3x 21 
x  3 
0.75 75 2y 22 

1 66 11
2  66x  42y  y  x x
4 42 7
3
8. Simplify 5 11
1 4x  5  x  83
2 7
1
1  28x  55x  581
4
Solution:  83x  581  x  7
1 1 4x  5y  83  4  7  5y  83  5y  55  y  11
2 2
4 19 5
3 2  y  x  11  7  4
5  5  19
1 1 1
2 2 2 11. Find the sum
1 1 4
3 3 3
1 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1          
4 4 2 6 12 20 30 42 56 72 90 110 132
5 5
2 2 Solution:
 19  19  1
1 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2          
19 19 2 6 12 20 30 42 56 72 90 110 132
5

Page 16 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3
      3 2
2 2.3 3.4 4.5 5.6 6.7    
5 5
14. Simplify  2  2
1 1 1 1 1 3 2
     5  5
7.8 8.9 9.10 10.11 11.12    
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Solution:
           
2 2 3 3 4  4 5 5 6 6 7
 3   2    3  3 2
2 2
3
3  2
3 2
 
 5   5    5       
1 1 1 1 1 1   1 1   1 1  5  5 5 5 5
                       
 7 8   8 9   9 10   10 11   11 12  2 2 
3 2        
3 2   3 2
5  5  5    5    5    5  
1 1 1 1 11              
   1 
2 2 12 12 12 9 4 6 19
 
25 25 25 19
 25 
2 2
(856  167)  (856  167) 
12. Simplify 3 2 5 25
856  856  167  167 
5 5 5
Solution:
PRACTICE EXERCISE
(856  167)2  (856  167)2
8562  1672 37 1
1. If 2 where x, y, z are natural numbers
13 1
x
2  8562  1672  1
  2  y
z
856  1672
find x, y, z.
[use the formula (a  b)2  (a  b)2  2(a2  b2)]
3x 21
=2 2. If 4x + 5y = 83 and  , find y – x.
2y 22
2 2
 2  1 2 1 3 3
33   22  3 2 3 2
13. Simplify      3 2    
5 5
 3
2
 1
2 3 1 3. Simplify  2  2
4  3
 4 4   33  4 3 3 2
    5  5
   
Solution:
2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
 2  1 2 1 4. Find the sum       .... 
33  _ 22  3 2 2 6 12 20 30 42 56 132
     3 2
2
 3  1
2 3 1 SESSION – 4
4  3
 4 4   33  4 3
   
SPEED MATHS – IV
2 2
 2  1  3  1
33   22   4 4   33  PRACTICE EXERCISE
         
2 2  2  1 1. Add 707325, 192382, 58009, 564943 and 656.
 3  1
 4 4   33  3   2 
     3  2 (a) 1523315 (b) 331969 (c) 1623225 (d) 3129621

2 1 2. Simplify: 5124 – 829 + 731 – 435

3 2
 3 2 (a) 4732 (b) 4591 (c) 3921 (d) 3865
3 1
4 3
4 3 3. Solve: 5732  1002
2 2 (a) 5743464 (b) 5742464 (c) 5843464 (d) 5925461
[using the formula a  b  (a  b)(a  b)]
11 5 22  15 4. Evaluate: 84922  5082

3 2 6 37 12 74
     (a) 70856000 (b) 7284600
19 10 57  40 6 97 97
 (c) 71856000 (d) 70856000
4 3 12
5. Multiply 84726 by 5.
(a) 435630 (b) 432650 (c) 423630 (d) 413630

6. Multiply 625 by 25.

(a) 15625 (b) 30625 (c) 15725 (d) 120625

Page 17 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

7. Evaluate: 8966  11
(12.1)2  (8.1)2
25. Simplify:
(a) 97626 (b) 98626 (c) 94636 (d) 95736 0.252  (0.25)(19.95)
8. Evaluate: 35609  12 (a) 4 (b) 16 (c) 2 (d) 1
(a) 427308 (b) 527308 (c) 537308 (d) 427408 SESSION – 5
9. Simplify: 109  113
NUMBER PROPERTIES – I
(a) 13127 (b) 12137 (c) 12317 (d) 13217
1. Write 0.0512512... as a fraction in its lowest terms.
10. Multiply 95 with 83.
512 256 512 128
(a) 7785 (b) 7885 (c) 7985 (d) 7895 (a) (b) (c) (d)
9990 4995 9900 2475
11. Find the value of 147  143. 2. The number 43xy20xy is exactly divisible by 12. How
(a) 11021 (b) 21021 (c) 20121 (d) 20131 many two digit numbers as xy are possible?
(a) 4 (b) 6
12. Find the value of 671  359.
(c) 8 (d) Cannot be determined
(a) 230899 (b) 250889 (c) 250879 (d) 240889
3. Let N = 5ab42ab. If N is exactly divisible by 180, then the
13. Multiply 678 by 37. sum of the digits in N is
(a) 25086 (b) 26086 (c) 24096 (d) 25076 (a) 18 (b) 24 (c) 27 (d) 36
14. Divide 45625 by 73. 4. The HCF and LCM of two numbers are 73 and 2555
(a) 125 (b) 625 (c) 725 (d) 345 respectively. If one number is 365, then the other number is

15. Divide 718.589  96 to 3 places of decimals. (a) 73 (b) 146 (c) 438 (d) 511

(a) 7.485 (b) 8.212 (c) 7.582 (d) 7.435 5. Which of the following is the largest four digit number
that can be added to 5793 so that the sum is divisible by
16. Find the value of 92  67 using percentage.
each of 12, 14, 33 and 42?
(a) 6084 (b) 6164 (c) 5294 (d) 6524 (a) 9854 (b) 9924 (c) 9963 (d) 9915
17. Find the largest number of 3 digits which is a perfect 6. Find the greatest number of five digits which when
square. divided by 10, 13, 15 and 26 gives remainders 4, 7, 9 and
(a) 961 (b) 999 (c) 981 (d) 861 20 respectively.
(a) 99854 (b) 99834 (c) 99844 (d)99914
18. Find the value of 0.0025  2.25  0.0001.
7. How many pairs of positive integers a, b exist such that
(a) 0.000075 (b) 0.0075
HCF (a, b) + LCM (a, b) = 77?
(c) 0.075 (d) None of these
(a) 10 (b) 8 (c) 7 (d) 6
19. Find the product of 946 and 944.
8. The product of the two positive integers multiplied with
(a) 893024 (b) 921544 (c) 859064 (d) 893124
the square of its HCF is 240. How many such pairs exist?
20. Evaluate: 452  1052 (a) 9 (b) 7 (c) 5 (d) None of these
(a) 13150 (b) 12150 (c) 12050 (d) 13050 9. If a two digit number pq has 3 divisors, then how many
divisors does the number pqpq have?
21. Evaluate the square root of 452929 by division method.
(a) 3 (b) 6 (c) 9 (d) 12
(a) 683 (b) 673 (c) 693 (d) 713
10. Find the number of divisors of 1400 which are not perfect
22. Find the smallest number by which 18252 should be
squares.
divided to make it a perfect square.
(a) 24 (b) 20 (c) 18 (d) 16
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 6
11. Find the number of even divisors of 2016.
23. Find the value of 963.
(a) 20 (b) 22 (c) 30 (d) 24
(a) 884736 (b) 874736 (c) 854736 (d) 883756
12. Find the sum of divisors of 2475.
24. Find the cube root of 0.000729.
(a) 2418 (b) 3627
(a) 0.09 (b) 0.009 (c) 0.9 (d) 0.0009
(c) 4836 (d) Cannot be determined

Page 18 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

13. How many divisors of x x are perfect squares? 8. A number when divided by 33 leaves a remainder 10. The
(a) 15 (b) 16 (c) 17 (d) 18 same number when divided by 22 leaves a remainder n.
How many values can n take?
14. The numbers A, B, C and D have 10, 15, 27 and 49 divisors (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
respectively. Which of these could be a perfect cube?
(a) A and B (b) B and C (c) C and D (d) A and D 9. Find the remainder when 264 is divided by 160.
(a) 36 (b) 66 (c) 96 (d) None of these
15. What is the unit's digit of ?
10. What is the last two digits in the expression 91  92  93
(a) 7 (b) 9 (c) 3 (d) 1
 …  98?
16. Find the last non zero digit of the number 801230 . (a) 80 (b) 30 (c) 40 (d) 50
(a) 8 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 6 11. Find the last two digits in 3177  7584.
(a) 25 (b) 55 (c) 75 (d) 95
17. What is the unit's digit of ?
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 8 (d) 6 12. Find the last two digits in 5927.
(a) 19 (b) 29 (c) 39 (d) 49
18. Find the number of trailing zeros in 229!
(a) 50 (b) 55 (c) 60 (d) 65 13. Find the last two digits in 7835.
(a) 18 (b) 32 (c) 58 (d) 72
19. Find the least number n such that no factorial has n
trailing zeros or n+1 trailing zeros. 14. What is the last two digits of 1626?
(a) 29 (b) 30 (c) 49 (d) 50 (a) 16 (b) 26 (c) 06 (d) None of these

20. Find the greatest value of n such that exactly divides 15. What is the last two digits in the expression 3115 – 2415?
128! (a) 25 (b) 75 (c) 27 (d) 57
(a) 30 (b) 15
16. How many divisors of 1405 will have at least one zero at
(c) 31 (d) such n does not exist its end?
SESSION – 6 (a) 225 (b) 300 (c) 350 (d) 425

NUMBER PROPERTIES – II 17. Let K be the largest number with exactly three factors that
divide 40! How many factors does K – 1 have?
1. A number N gives a remainder of 6 when divided by D and (a) 16 (b) 24 (c) 32 (d) 40
a remainder of 19 when divided by 3D. What will be the
remainder when 2N is divided by D? 18. How many factors does 6N have, if N is a number such
that 2N has 28 factors and 3N has 30 factors?
(a) 6 (b) 12 (c) 19 (d) 24
(a) 35 (b) 32 (c) 28 (d) None of these
2. What is the remainder when 690 – 590 is divided by 91?
38
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 89 (d) 90 19. What is the unit digit in the expression 3838 ?
(a) 8 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 6
3. Find the remainder when 35555 + 53333 is divided by 23.
(a) 18 (b) 7 (c) 0 (d) None of these 20. What is the last non zero digit in 25!?
(a) 9 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 1
25
4. What is the remainder when 2324 is divided by 7?
SESSION – 7
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 6
NUMBER PROPERTIES DIVISIBILITY
5. What is the remainder when 35182 is divided by 37?
(a) 15 (b) 11 (c) 8 (d) 4 1. How many five digit multiples of 11 are there, if the five
digits be 1, 3, 4, 5 and 7 in some order?
6. Find the remainder when the number 3451 + 3452 +… (a) 36 (b) 12 (c) 24 (d) None of these
+ 3794 is divided by 345.
3 3 3 3
(a) 340 (b) 175 (c) 53 (d) None of these 2. If x  26  24  16  18 , then x divided by 84 leaves a
remainder of
7. How many integers are there from 1 to 500 that leaves a
remainder of 2 on division by 5 and a remainder of 5 on (a) 83 (b) 41 (c) 0 (d) 8
division by 7?
3. Find the perfect decimal divisor of 33335.
(a) 12 (b) 13 (c) 14 (d) 15
(a) 15 (b) 25 (c) 6 (d) 75

Page 19 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

4. M4  N4  2 is divisible by 16 if M & N are 16. Which of the following can divide 3123456789  1?
(a) 234, 528 (b) 541, 684 (a) 2 (b) 8 (c) 4 (d) 16
(c) 384, 4495 (d) 297, 981
17. Find the number of positive divisors of 109999 but not
5. Which of the following number is divisible by 5?
109998 .
(a) 4242422424234
(a) 1999 (b) 100002 (c) 19999 (d) 99992
(b) 44443332215
18. N  2 46 ... 100 numbers   135 ... 100 numbers 
(c) 111111222223333444556
(d) None of these Which one of the following can divide N?
(a) 1986 (b) 2300 (c) 1000 (d) 2001
6. Find the remainder when 13567816 is divided by 5.
19. For any positive integer n, 2n  9n  4n 7n is divisible by
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4
(a) 3 (b) 10 (c) 7 (d) 3
7. A 60 digit number is formed by writing natural numbers
from 1 as given below 12345…. 20. Find the number of positive integer ‘n’ for which
Find the remainder when this number is divided by 32. n  2000 and 6 is a factor of n2  3n  2.
(a) 9 (b) 0 (c) 5 (d) 31 (a) 1334 (b) 666 (c) 444 (d) 556
8. The number of positive integers not greater than 1000, SESSION – 8
which are not divisible by 3, 5 and 7 is
(a) 457 (b) 675 NUMBER PROPERTIES HCF & LCM
(c) 543 (d) None of these
1. Find the least number which when divided by 16, 18, 20
9. The number of positive integers ‘n’ from 35 to 150 such and 25 leaves 4 as remainder in each case, but when
that (n – 1)! is not divisible by n is divided by 7 leaves no remainder.
(a) 67 (b) 33 (c) 23 (d) 25 (a) 8004 (b) 13004 (c) 18004 (d) 18014

10. When 10x is divided by 13, remainder is 1. If x is a 2. What is the greatest number which divides 852, 1065 and
natural number less than 153 then how many values can 1491 exactly?
‘x’ take? (a) 193 (b) 183 (c) 223 (d) 213
(a) 12 (b) 10 (c) 30 (d) 25
3. Find the greatest number which will divide 25, 73 and 97
11. On base 8, first 100 natural numbers are written. How so as to leave the same remainder in each case.
many of these numbers are divisible by 7? (a) 12 (b) 18 (c) 24 (d) 32
(a) 70 (b) 21 (c) 14 (d) 28
4. Find the side of the largest square slabs which can be
12. 6 5 4 3 2
Let N  n  3n  5n  15n  4n  12n for any nN . paved on the floor of a room 5 m 44 cm long and 3 m 74
cm broad.
The greatest divisor of N among the number given below is
(a) 56 cm (b) 42 cm (c) 38 cm (d) 34 cm
(a) 2 (b) 6 (c) 10 (d) 30
5. Find the greatest number of 4 digits which when divided
13. Find the largest ‘n’ such that n + 10 divides n3  100 . by 10, 15, 21 and 28 leaves 4, 9, 15 and 22 as remainders
(a) 890 (b) 99 respectively.
(c) n  1000 (d) None of these (a) 9654 (b) 9666 (c) 9664 (d) 9864

6. Five bells begin to toll together and toll at intervals of 36,

14. Let xn  6n  8n . Find the remainder when X49 is
45, 72, 81 and 108 seconds. After what interval of time
divided by 49.
will they keep on tolling together?
(a) 48 (b) 1 (c) 47 (d) 0
(a) 3240 secs (b) 3080 secs
15. Let N  n 12 8 4
 n  n  1 where n is any odd number. (c) 3140 secs (d) 3200 secs
Which one of the following can divide N? 7. The least perfect square number which is divisible by 3, 4,
(a) 27 (b) 512 5, 6 and 8 is
(c) 1029 (d) None of these (a) 900 (b) 1200 (c) 2500 (d) 3600

Page 20 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

8. The HCF of two numbers is 11 and their LCM is 693. If one 19. Two equilateral triangles have the sides of length 34 and
of the numbers is 77, find the other. 85 respectively. Find the greatest length of the rope that
(a) 909 (b) 119 (c) 66 (d) 99 can measure both of them exactly. How many such equal
parts can be measured?
9. The sum of the HCF and LCM of two numbers is 680 and (a) 17, 21 (b) 19, 18
the LCM is 84 times the HCF. If one of the numbers is 56, (c) 21, 14 (d) None of these
find the other number.
20. The sum of two numbers is 528 and their HCF is 33. The
(a) 84 (b) 12 (c) 8 (d) 96
number of pairs of such numbers satisfying the above
10. The ratio of two numbers is 3:4. Their HCF is 4. Find the condition is
LCM. (a) 6 (b) 12 (c) 8 (d) 4
(a) 12 (b) 16 (c) 24 (d) 48 SESSION – 9

11. Philip, Tom and Brad start jogging around a circular field
NUMBER PROPERTIES FRACTIONS & DECIMALS
and complete a single round in 18 secs, 22 secs and 30
secs respectively. In how much time will they meet again 1. Which of the following has fractions in ascending order?
at the starting point? 2 3 1 4 5 1 2 3 5 4
(a) , , , , (b) , , , ,
(a) 3 min 15 secs (b) 21 min 5 5 3 7 6 3 5 5 6 7

(c) 16 min 30 secs (d) 12 min 1 2 5 4 3 1 2 4 3 5

(c) , , , , (d) , , , ,
3 5 6 7 5 3 5 7 5 6
12. The HCF of two numbers is 8. Which one of the following
can never be their LCM? 2. Which of the following has fractions in descending order?

(a) 24 (b) 48 (c) 56 (d) 60 5 4 2 3 1 5 3 4 2 1

(a) , , , , (b) , , , ,
6 7 5 5 3 6 5 7 5 3
13. Three numbers which are co-primes to each other are
4 1 2 5 3 1 2 4 3 5
such that the product of the first two is 551 and that of the (c) , , , , (d) , , , ,
7 3 5 6 5 3 5 7 5 6
last two is 1073. Find the sum of the three numbers.
(a) 75 (b) 81 (c) 85 (d) 89 3. Convert 0.737373… into vulgar fraction?
73 73 73 73
14. The sum of two numbers is 216 and their HCF is 27. Find (a) (b) (c) (d)
99 100 90 900
the numbers.
(a) 27, 189 (b) 81, 189 4. Convert 0.67 into vulgar fraction.

(c) 108, 108 (d) 154, 162 67 67 61 61

(a) (b) (c) (d)
99 90 90 100
15. HCF of 3240, 3600 and a third number is 36 and their
LCM is 24 × 35 × 52 × 72. Find the third number. 5. Find the correct expression for 5.46 in the fractional
(a) 22 × 35 × 72 (b) 22 × 53 × 72 form.
(c) 25 × 52 × 72 (d) 23 × 33 × 72 541 541 546 541
(a) (b) (c) (d)
100 99 99 900
16. The HCF and LCM of two numbers are 33 and 264. When
the first number is divided by 2, the quotient is 33. Find 6. 0.2343  0.1888  ?
the other number.
(a) 0.4232 (b) 0.4132
(a) 66 (b) 132 (c) 198 (d) 99
(c) 0.4233 (d) 0.4231
17. What is the greatest possible rate at which a man can walk
7. 3.23  2.03  1.55
51 km and 85 km in an exact number of minutes?
(a) 11 km/min (b) 13 km/min (a) 2.75 (b) 2.75 (c) 2.70 (d) 2.71

(c) 17 km/min (d) None of these

8. Find the product of 0.09  7.3
18. Find the greatest number of 5 digits that will give us a (a) 0.67 (b) 0.657
remainder of 5 when divided by 8 and 9 respectively.
(c) 0.6 (d) None of these
(a) 99931 (b) 99941
(c) 99725 (d) None of these

Page 21 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

347.624 347624 SESSION - 10

9. If  a, then find the value of ?
0.0089 0.0089
ALGEBRA - I
a a
(a) (b) 10 a (c) (d) 1000 a
10 1000 Introduction

10. Find the value of 1. The equation of the form ax  b  0 is a linear equation in
(0.555  0.555  0.555  0.020  0.020  0.020) one variable x.
(0.555  0.555  0.555)  (0.020  0.020  0.020)
2. The equations of the form ax  by  c  0 where a, b  0
(a) 1.55 (b) 1.74 (c) 2.36 (d) 5.02
is called the linear equation in two variables x and y.
2 2
(2.39)  (1.61)
11. Evaluate: 3. Simultaneous equations are a pair of equations of the
2.39  1.61
form a1x  b1 y  c1  0 and a2x  b2y  c2  0. The
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8
solution of these equations is  x , y  an ordered pair.
12. What decimal of an hour is a second?
(a) 0.0025 (b) 0.0256 4. The set of three equations of the form
(c) 0.00027 (d) 0.000126 a1x  b1 y  c1 z  d1 , a2x  b2y  c2z  d2,

(0.96)3  (0.1)3 a3x  b3 y  c3z  d3 is called the system of linear

13. The value of 2 2
is:
(0.96)  0.096  (0.1) equations in three variables x, y, z.

(a) 0.86 (b) 0.95 (c) 0.97 (d) 1.06 2

5. An equation of the form ax  bx  c  0, a  0 is called a
0.1  0.1  0.1  0.02  0.02  0.02 quadratic equation. Here x is the variable and a, b, c R
14. The value of is:
0.2  0.2  0.2  0.04  0.04  0.04
are the constants.
(a) 0.0125 (b) 0.125
a, b, c are called the coefficients of the equation.
(c) 0.25 (d) 0.5
2
6. The roots of the quadratic equation ax  bx  c  0 are
15. If 2994  14.5  172, then 29.94  1.45  ?
(a) 0.172 (b) 1.72 (c) 17.2 (d) 172  b  b2  4ac
given by, x 
2a
0.009
16.  0.01 b c
? The sum of the roots   , the product of the roots 
a a
(a) 0.0009 (b) 0.09 (c) 0.9 (d) 9
2
(0.1667)(0.8333)(0.3333) 7. The roots of the quadratic equation depends on b  4ac
17. is approximately equal to:
(0.2222)(0.6667)(0.1250) which is called the discriminant of the equation.

(a) 2 (b) 2.40 (c) 2.43 (d) 2.50 (i) The equation has real and distinct roots when
b2  4ac  0
18. 0.04  0.0162 is equal to:
(ii) The equation has real and equal roots when
(a) 6.48  103 (b) 6.48  104
b2  4ac  0
(c) 6.48  105 (d) 6.48  106
2
(iii) The equation has complex roots when b  4ac  0
4.2  4.2  1.9  1.9
19. is equal to: 2
2.3  6.1 (iv) If b  4ac is a perfect square the equation has two

(a) 0.5 (b) 1.0 (c) 20 (d) 22 rational roots.

144 14.4 8. If ,  are the roots of the quadratic equation

20. If  , then the value of x is:
0.144 x b c
ax2  bx  c  0, then     ,   . The quadratic
(a) 0.0144 (b) 1.44 (c) 14.4 (d) 144 a a
equation whose roots are  and  is  x     x     0.

Page 22 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

PRACTICE EXERCISE 10. If  ,  are the roots of the equation  x  a   x  b  c

1. If 7a  8b  53 and 9a  5b  47, find the values of a and b. with c  0, find the roots of the equation

(a) (4, 5) (b) (4, 3) (c) (3, 4) (d) (5, 4)  x     x     c  0.

2. If I add 7 times my age seven years from now and 3 times (a) a, c (b) b, c
my age three years ago, I get 12 times my current age. (c) a, b (d) a + c, b + c
How old will I be 3 years from now? 2
11. If p and q are the roots of x  2x  A  0 and r and s are
(a) 22 years (b) 23 years
2
(c) 24 years (d) 25 years the roots of x  18 x  B  0 and p  q  r  s are in A.P.,
find (A, B).
3. A farmer has some chickens and feed for them. The feed
(a)   3, 77  (b)  77,  3 
lasts for exactly 30 days. He sold 10 of the chickens and
purchased some feed such that the entire feed with him (c)   3,  77  (d) None of these
will last for 150 days. Now, he has thrice the initial feed.
Find the initial number of chickens. 85
(a) 25 (b) 30
12. The sum of a fraction and its reciprocal equals . Find
18
(c) 40 (d) Cannot be determined the fraction.

4. The cost of 4 chocolates, 6 biscuits and 12 lolly-pops is 2 2 2 4

(a) (b) (c) (d)
Rs.36. The cost of 15 biscuits, 9 lolly-pops and 6 3 9 9
3 chocolates is Rs.48. Find the cost of 1 biscuit.
2
13. If the sum of the roots of the equation ax  bx  c  0 is
(a) Rs.4 (b) Rs.3 (c) Rs.2 (d) Rs.1
equal to the sum of the squares of their reciprocals, then
th
3 2 2 2
(a) ab , ca , bc are in A.P.
5. Tree I grows at of tree II. If both the trees together
7 2 2 2
grow 3 ft for every 3 years, find the time required by tree (b) ab , bc , ca are in A.P.
II to grow 7 ft. 2 2 2
(c) ab , bc , ac are in A.P.
(a) 7 years (b) 10 years (c) 8 years (d) 12 years
(d) None of these
6. Find the quadratic equation whose roots are the
14. Let a, b, c be R and a  0. If  is a root of
2
reciprocals of the roots of the equation x  7 x  12  0.
a2 x2  bx  c  0,  is a root of a2 x2  bx  c  0 and
2 2
(a) x  12x  7  0 (b) x  12x  7  0 2 2
0    , then the equation a x  2bx  2c  0 has a
2
(c) 12x  7 x  1  0
2
(d) 12x  7 x  1  0 root  that always satisfies
1 
7. The equation 4 x  9  11x  1  7 x  4  0 has
(a)       (b)    
2 2
(a) no solution (b) 1 solution (c)      (d)     
(c) 2 solutions (d) more than 2 solutions
2
15. If  ,  are the roots of ax  bx  c  0, then the roots of
The equation cos p  1 x  cos p x  sin p  0 has real
2
8. 2
the equation ax  bx  x  1   c  x  1   0 are
2

roots if p lies in the interval

 
(a)  0, 2  (b)   , 0  (a)   1,   2 (b) ,
 1 1
    1 1
(c)  
,  (d)  0,   (c) , (d) None of these
 2 2  

9. The set of values of p for which the roots of the equation 2

16. If for the quadratic equation x  kx  1  0, one of the
5x  4x  pp  2  0 are of opposite sign is
2
roots is A such that tan A  2 5  1, then the other root is
(a)   , 0  (b)  0, 2 (a) greater than 1 (b) greater than 2
(c) less than 1 (d) None of these
(c)  0,   (d) None of these

Page 23 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

17.
2
If p and q are the roots of the equation x  px  q  0, x a x b x c
25. If a, b, c are natural numbers and    3,
bc ca a b
then
find the value of x.
(a) p  1 (b) p  1 or 0
(a) abc (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) a + b+ c
(c) p   2 (d) p   2 or 0
x2  7x  12
18. If a, b, c are positive real numbers which are in G.P., then 26. Solve: 0
2 2
2x2  4x  5
the equation ax  2bx  c  0 and dx  2ex  f  0 have
(a) x  3or x  4 (b) 3  x  4
a b c
a common root if , , are in (c) 4  x  24 (d) 0  x  3
d e f
(a) A.P. (b) G.P. 27. Find the number of real values of x satisfying the equation
(c) H.P. (d) None of these  1  1
2 x2  2   9  x    14  0
2  x   x
19. If a, b are the roots of x  px  1  0 and c, d are the
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
2
roots of x  qx + 1  0, the value of (a – c) (b – c) (a + d)
(b + d) is 28. If f(x)  2x3  mx2  13x  n and 2, 3 are the roots of the
2 2 2 2 equation f(x) = 0, then the values of m and n are
(a) p  q (b) q  p
(a) –5, – 30 (b) – 5, 30
2 2
(c) q  p (d) None of these (c) 5, 30 (d) None of these

20. Find the value of ‘a’ for which one root of the quadratic 29. There are some chocolates in a plate. Ajay took one third
equation a2

 5a  3 x  3a  1 x  2  0 is twice as
2 of then, Vijay took one third of the remaining and finally
Karan took one third of the remaining. If at the end there
large as the other. were 8 chocolates, find the number of chocolates initially
in the plate.
2 1 1 2
(a)  (b) (c)  (d) (a) 27 (b) 24 (c) 32 (d) 36
3 3 3 3
SESSION – 11 30. The equation
 x  2 x  5   x  2 has ____ root/s.
 x  3 x  6  x  4
ALGEBRA – II
(a) No (b) One
21. If 5x + 9y + 17z = a, 4x + 8y + 12z = b and 2x + 3y + 8z = c (c) Two (d) Three
have atleast 1 solution for x, y, z and a, b, c  0 then which
of the following is true? 31. Karen went to buy 100 items which include only pens,
pencils and erasers. The cost of each pen and pencil are
(a) 4a – 3b – 3c = 0 (b) 3a – 4b – 3c = 0
Rs.5 and Re.1 respectively. If the cost of 20 erasers is Re.1
(c) 4a – 3b – 4c = 0 (d) None of these
and he spent Rs.100 to buy 100 items. Find the number of
2 pencils he bought.
22. If the expression ax  bx  c is equal to 4 when x = 0,
(a) 1 (b) 51
leaves a remainder 4 when divided by x + 1, and
(c) 49 (d) Cannot be determined
remainder 6 when divided by x + 2, the values of a, b, c are
(a) 1, 1, 4 (b) 2, 2, 4 32. Eight years hence I will be thrice as old as I was 4 years
(c) 3, 3, 4 (d) 4, 4, 4 ago. After how many years will I be 24 years?
(a) 20 (b) 18 (c) 14 (d) 12
23. If 3x + 2y + z = 17 and 4y + 2x + 6z = 38, then find the value
of x + y + z. 33. Ram takes 18 steps to go to a lake from his home. While
(a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 8 (d) 9 coming back, he increased the steps length by 2 inches
and took only 16 steps. What is the distance between his
24. If 2 quadratic equations ax2  ax  3  0 and home and the lake?
(a) 24 feet (b) 8 feet (c) 16 feet (d) 36 feet
x2  x  b  0 have a common root, x = 1 find out which
of the following statements is correct.
34. If f  x  x2  2x  5 and g( x)  5x  30, find the roots of
(a) a + b = – 3.5 (b) ab = 3
the quadratic equation g  f( x )  0.
a 3
(c)  (d) a – b = – 0.5
b 4 (a)  1,  1 (b) 2,  1

(c)  1  2,  1  2 (d) 1, 2

Page 24 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

35. The only value of x satisfying the equation Definition of the Range of a Function: The set of all possible
x 4 x outputs of a function is defined as the range. The range of a real-
6 2  11, x  R is valued function defined by a formula for y in terms of x will be
4 x x
the set of all y output-values that result from the x input-values
4 16 4 16 in the domain.
(a) (b) (c)  (d) 
35 3 35 3
Function Notation: Given that f(x) is given by some formula
36. The number of real values of x satisfying the equation containing x, f(B) will be the same formula with each x replaced
 1  1 by B.
2 x2  2   9 x    14  0 is
 x   x Linear Function Definition: If a function may be written in the
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4 form f(x) = mx + b where x is the independent variable and m
and b are constants, then f(x) represents a linear function. The
2
37. Let  ,  be the roots of x  x  p  0 and  ,  be the constant m is defined as the slope and the point (0, b)
2 represents the y-intercept. An equation in this form is known to
roots of x  4 x  q  0. If  , ,  ,  are in G.P., find the
be in Slope-Intercept Form.
values of p and q.
(a)  2,  32 (b)  2, 3 Linear Function Slope Definition: Given that f(x) = mx + b,
y 2  y1
(c)  6, 3 (d)  6,  32 then m is defined as the slope where: m  for any two
x 2  x1
2 points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) on the line. Graphically, the slope
38. If one root of the quadratic equation ax  bx  c  0 is
three times the other, find the relationship between a, b represents the change in y with respect to x on the graph of the
and c. line.
2 2 Linear Functions of Parallel Lines: If two linear functions are
(a) 3b  16 ac (b) b  4 ac
given by f(x) = m1x + b and g(x) = m2x + b1 and m1 = m2, then the
2 a2  c2 b graphs of f(x) and g(x) will consist of two lines that are parallel
(c)  a  c   4b (d) 
ac 2 to each other.

39. If the roots of the equation a2


 b2 x2  2ba  c x Linear Functions of Perpendicular Lines: If two linear
functions are given by f(x) = m1x + b and g(x) = m2x + b, and m1
 
 b2  c2  0 are equal, then a, b, c are in = –1/m2, then the graphs of f(x) and g(x) will consist of two lines
that are perpendicular to each other.
(a) A.P. (b) G.P.
(c) H.P. (d) Cannot be determined Graphs of Even Functions: Given a function f(x), if f(c) = f(–c)
for all c in the domain, then f(x) is an even function and its graph
40. For what value of c, the quadratic equation will have symmetry with respect to the y-axis.
x  c  6 x  22c  1  0 has the sum of the roots as
2
Graphs of Odd Functions: Given a function f(x), if f(c) = – f(– c)
half of their product? for all c in the domain, then f(x) is called an odd function and its
(a) 5 (b) – 4 (c) 7 (d) 3 graph will have symmetry with respect to the origin. Symmetry
with respect to the origin implies that a 180 degree rotation of
SESSION – 12
the graph about (0,0) results in an identical graph.
FUNCTIONS –I Functions Shifted Left: Given a function f(x) and its graph and a
Properties of Functions: value of c>0, the graph of f(x + c) will be a shift of the graph of
f(x) left by "c" units. This is known as the Left Shift Function Rule.
Definition of a Function: A function is a rule or formula that
associates each element in the set X (an input) to exactly one Functions Shifted Right: Given a function f(x) and its graph and
and only one element in the set Y (the output). Different a value of c>0, the graph of f(x – c) will be a shift of the graph of
elements in X can have the same output, and not every element f(x) right by "c" units. This is known as the Right Shift Function
in Y has to be an output. Rule.

Definition of the Domain of a Function: The set of all possible
inputs of a function is defined as the domain. The domain of a
real-valued function defined by a formula for y in terms of x will
be the set of all x input-values that result in a real y output-value
unless the domain of the function is further restricted.
Functions Shifted Up: Given a function f(x) and its graph and a
value of c >0, the graph of f(x) + c will be a shift of the graph of
f(x) up by "c" units. This is known as the Vertical Shift up
Function Rule.
Functions Shifted Down: Given a function f(x) and its graph
and a value of c > 0, the graph of f(x) – c will be a shift of the

Page 25 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY
graph of f(x) down by "c" units. This is known as the Vertical
Shift down Function Rule.
Function Reflected Across X-axis Given a function f(x) and its
graph, the graph of g(x) = – f(x) will be a reflection of the graph
of f(x) across the x-axis. This is known as the X-axis Reflection
Function Rule.
Function Reflected Across Y-axis Given a function f(x) and its
graph, the graph of g(x) = f(– x) will be a reflection of the graph
of f(x) across the x-axis. This is known as the Y-axis Reflection
Function Rule.
Function Vertically Stretched Or Shrunk Given a function f(x)
and its graph and a value of c > 0, the graph of g(x) = c ●f(x) will
be a vertical stretch of the graph of f(x). This means that all y-
values of g(x) will be equal to c times the respective y-values of
f(x). This is known as the Vertical Stretch Function Rule.
Definition of a Polynomial Function If f(x) may be written in
the form a1xn + a2xn – 1 + a3xn – 2 + .... + an, then f(x) is a polynomial
function of degree n where a1, a2, ... an are real coefficients.
Linear functions are 1st degree polynomials and quadratic
functions are 2nd degree polynomials.
Graphs of Polynomials Given a function f(x) is a polynomial,
it's x-intercepts will be located at the x-values x = c such that f(c)
= 0. Other solution points on the graph will be located between
each two x-intercepts.
Standard Form of Quadratic Functions: Quadratic functions
of the form f(x) = ax2 + bx + c may always be rewritten in the
form y = a(x – h)2 + k. Function shift rules may then be applied
to state that the graph will be a vertical stretch of y = x 2 and
will be shifted right, left, up, or down according to the values
of h and k.
Graphs of Quadratic Functions in Form f(x) = ax2 + bx + c:
Given f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, the graph will be a shift of g(x) = ax2
(meaning it has the same shape), and will have a vertex at
x = – b/2a, y = f(– b/2a).
Property of The Vertex of a Quadratic Function: The vertex
of f(x) = ax2 + bx + c will be the lowest point of the graph if a > 0
and will be the highest point of the graph if a < 0. The vertex
represents the minimum value of the function for a > 0 and
represents the maximum value of the function if a < 0.
Function Operations: Given two functions f(x) and g(x), the
operations (f + g)(x), (f – g)(x), (fg)(x), and (f/g)(x) are defined
in the following way:
• (f + g)(x) = f(x) + g(x) and is sometimes denoted f + g
• (f – g)(x) = f(x) – g(x) and is sometimes denoted f – g
• (fg)(x) = f(x)● g(x) and is sometimes denoted fg
• (f/g)(x) = f(x)/g(x) provided g(x)≠0. This is sometimes
denoted f/g
HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719
Function Composition: Given two functions f(x) and g(x), the
function composition (fog)(x), is defined in the following way:
(f o g)(x) = f [g(x)] and is sometimes denoted as f o g
In essence, composition implies that you input the entire
formula of the second function in for each x-value of the the
formula in the first function, assuming x is the variable used.
Definition of Inverse Functions: Given two functions f(x) and
g(x), if (f o g)(x) = x and (g o f)(x) = x, then f(x) is the inverse of
g(x) and g(x) is the inverse of f(x). Each of these functions
reverses the operations of the other function in reverse order. In
that sense, the inverse of f(x) will consist of the identical formula
with x and y interchanged - the solution for y results in
"reversing" all operations on x and thus results in the formula
for the inverse function.
We denote the inverse of f(x) as f–1(x) and we denote the inverse
of g(x) as g–1(x).
Domain and Range of Functions That Are Inverses of Each
Other: Given two functions f(x) and g(x) are inverses of each
other, then
The domain of f(x) will consist of the same interval as the range
of g(x).
The range of f(x) will consist of the same interval as the domain
of g(x).
One-To-One Requirement For f(x) To Have an Inverse
Function: Given a function f(x), it will only have an inverse if
and only if each y-value in it's range corresponds to only 1 x-
value in it's specified domain. When this is the case that each y is
obtained from only 1 x-value, we say f(x) is a one-to-one function.
Note that a graphical way to determine that f(x) is not one-to-
one is to show that a horizontal line passes through more than 1
point. This is often referred to as the Horizontal Line Test.
1. Let f(x) = max(2x + 1, 3 – 4x), where x is any real number.
Then the minimum possible value of f (x) is:
(a) 1/3 (b) 1/2 (c) 2/3 (d) 5/3
2. Let f(x) = ax2 – b|x|, where a and b are constants. Then, at
x = 0, f(x) is:
(a) maximized whenever a > 0, b > 0
(b) maximized whenever a > 0, b < 0
(c) minimized whenever a > 0, b > 0
(d) minimized whenever a > 0, b < 0
3. For the function f(x) = 2x – 1, g(x) = 5 – x, and h(x) = x2 + x
+ 1, find range of x for which min{f(x2), h(x)} < 3.
(a) – 2 < x < √2 (b) – √2 < x < √2
(c) – 2 < x < 2 (d) – √2 < x < 2
Page 26 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

4. The function f(x) = |x – 2| + |2.5 – x| + |3.6 – x|, where x is 17. Let g(x) = max (5 – x, x + 2 ). The smallest possible value
a real number, attains a minimum at: of g(x) is?
(a) x = 2.3 (b) x = 2.5 (a) 4.0 (b) 4.5 (c) 1.5 (d) None of these
(c) x = 2.7 (d) None of these
18. Find the maximum value of the functions 1/(x2 – 3x + 2)?
5. Find the minimum value of f(x) = |3x – 2| + |2x – 3|. (a) 11/4 (b) 1/4 (c) 0 (d) None of these
(a) 5/6 (b) 5/3 (c) 5/2 (d) None of these
19. Let g(x) be a function such that g(x + 1) + g(x – 1) = g(x)
6. Find the minimum value of f(x) = max(k – x, |x| + k). for every real x. Then, for what value of p is the relation
(a) k – 1 (b) k (c) 2k (d) None of these g(x + p) = g(x) necessarily true for every real x ?
(a) 5 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 6
7. Let f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, where a, b and c are certain
constants and a ≠ 0. it is know that f(5) = – 3f(2) and that 20. A function f(x) satisfies f(1) = 3600 and f(1) + f(2)
3 is the root of f(x) = 0. What is the other root of f(x) = 0? +……f(n) = n2f(n), for all positive integers n > 1. What is
(a) – 7 (b) – 4 the value of f(9)?
(c) 2 (d) Cannot be determined (a) 200 (b) 100 (c) 120 (d) 80
8. If f(x) = x3 – 4x
+ p and if f(0) and f(1) are of opposite sign, SESSION – 13
then which of the following is necessarily true?
(a) – 1 < p < 2 (b) 0 < p < 3 FUNCTIONS – II
(c) – 2 < p < 1 (d) – 3 < p < 0
1. If f  x   ax2  bx  1, f  1   4, f  2  1, find f(x).
9. The domain of y = is
(b) x2  3x  1
√| |
(a) x2  2x  1
(a) (0, ∝) (b) (∝, ∝) (c) (– ∝, 0) (d) (1, ∝)
(c) x2  2x  1 (d) None of these
10. If f(x) = log ( ), then
(a) f(x) is even (b) f( ).f( ) = f( + ) 2. Find the domain of f  x   x where f is a real function.

(c) = f( – ) (d) f(x) is odd (a)    ,   (b) (0,  )

11. What is the minimum and maximum value of (c) (0,   ) (d) None of these

respectively?
Find the range of f  x   16  x .
2
3.
(a) – 1, 1 (b) – 2, 1 (c) – , 0 (d) None of these
(a) (0, 4) (b) [– 4, 4] (c) (– 4, 0) (d) [0, 4]
12. Let f(x) = max (2x + 1, 3 – 4x), where x is any real number.
Then, the minimum possible value of f(x) is: 4. Which of the following is an even function?
(a) (b) (c) (d) x2
2 3 3x 3x
(a) x  x (b) x  x (c) e e (d)
13. Minimum value of f(x) = |3 – x| + |2 + x| + |5 – x|, will be: 3x
(a) 0 (b) 7 (c) 8 (d) 10
5. Let f  x   e2x & g  x   log x, find fg  2  .
14. A function f(x) is defined as follows:
(i) f(1) = 1 (a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 0 (d) e4
(ii) f(2x) = 4 f(x) + 6
6. Which of the following two functions have same domain?
(iii) f(x + 2) = f(x) + 12x + 12
x2  1
then calculate f(6). f x  ; g  x   x  1 ; h x   x2  2x
(a) 106 (b) 96 (c) 86 (d) 76 x
(a) f and g (b) g and h
15. Let f(x) = |x – 2| + |2.5 – x| + |3.6 – x|, where x is a real
number, attains a minimum at (c) f and h (d) None of these

(a) x = 2.3 (b) x = 2.5 2

7. Find the domain of the function y  5e x 1 log  x  1 .
(c) x = 2.7 (d) None of these

16. Find for what value of a is: f(n) = (a – 2)n + 3a – 4 an even (a)   ,   (b) R   1,1 
function?
(c)  1,   (d)    ,  1 
(a) – 2 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

Page 27 of 28
QUANTITATIVE ABILITY

HSEM1BTECHSTANDARD0719

8. How many onto functions can be defined from the set x 3

17. The domain of the function f  x   is
A  1, 2, 3, 4 to B  p, q, r ? x 3

(a) 81 (b) 36 (c) 64 (d) 45 (a) R (b) R  3

(c) R  3 (d) R   3, 3

9. n  A   a, n  B  b and n  C   c. We can define a
function that is 1 – 1 but not onto from A to B, a function 18. If f is an even function and g is an odd function, then the
that is onto but not 1 – 1 from B to C, and a function that is function f  g is ______
1 – 1 but not onto from C to A. Arrange a, b, c in ascending (a) an even (b) odd
order.
(c) neither even nor odd (d) periodic function
(a) a < b < c (b) b < c < a
19. Which of the following functions from z (set of integers)
(c) c < a < b (d) c < b < a
to z are bijections?

x2  6x  6 (a) f(x)  x  5 (b) f(x)  x5

10. Find the range of f  x   .
x2  6x  12 (c) f(x)  3x  2 (d) f(x)  x2  x  1
(a) [3, ] (b) [1, 1]
20. If f  x   3  x and g  x   1  x , then find the domain
(c) 1, 1 (d) None of these
of fg  x  .

11. Find f(f(3)), if f  x   x3  2x2  x  1 . (a)  , 3 (b) 3, 

(a) 31 (b) 1873 (c) 13 (d) 169 (c) 1,  3 (d) None of these

x
12. Find the domain of f  x  
2x
(a) R – {2} (b) R
(c) (–2, 2) (d) None of these

13. Find the domain of f  x   x2  25 .

(a)  5, 5 (b) 0, 5

(c) R   5, 5 (d) None of these

14. Let f be the exponential function and g be the logarithmic

function, find fg(1)
(a) 1 (b) 
(c) 0 (d) None of these

1
15. Find the domain of the function f  x   .
x2  3x

(a) (0, 3) (b) R  0,3

(c) R (d) None of these

1
16. If f  x   x  2, gx  and h  x   x2 then find
x
fgh3 .

1 9
(a) 2 (b)
9 19
1
(c) (d) None of these
9

Page 28 of 28