Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter 2
Chapter 2
Conceptual Literature
This presents the information gathered from articles, journals, books and websites related
to the study.
Related Studies
Being an Accountancy and Business Management students is not easy. You will have a
better understanding of all topics relating to business finance, economics and marketing. One of
the key benefits of studying ABM is that it offers students the opportunity to undertake work
placements and professional projects. Being an ABM student, you need to learn on how to manage
your time, to have a long patience and to concentrate and focus on your studies. In ABM, you can
explore more, you will learn more on how to manage your own business. You will have a
knowledge on what business are you going to start with and how will you run your business. ABM
is not just focusing on how will you manage your business, it also tackles about the payment that
you are going to pay, the risks in managing business and on how for your business to be successful.
Being ABM students is challenging because you will learn the reality of life in this world. Gaining
money is one of the most goal of humans. For us to live in this world, we need to gain profit, so as
an ABM student you will learn the basics on how to gain profit at a young age. You will instantly
boost your earning potential. As an ABM student you will immediately be equipped with skills
and knowledge that will have an immediate impact on your existing business or business idea.
The ABM strand in its most fundamental sense refers to the accountancy, business, and
operations, financial management, business management, as well as each and every factor that
The ABM strand can take you on a direct path to careers in accounting and management:
sales management, human resources, marketing director, bookkeeper, project officer, accounting
The ABM strand curriculum opens the avenues for you to gain a more nuanced
appreciation of the intrinsic elements that make up the world of accounting and business
management courses in the Philippines without having to dive deeper into the specialized
The subjects involved in the ABM strand are designed and crafted for you develop the
appropriate tools that you are going to utilize all throughout your journey in the corporate world.
You should expect to be immersed in studying management and financial accounting along with
the business, legal, and organizational contexts that you would be working with as you go along
By taking the ABM strand you will be trained to analyze assets, understand everything
involved with financial positions, interpret various profitability, and prepare audit accounts.
In the past, highest schools would integrate a basic Accounting course into their curriculum
– highlighting only the key concepts while providing a beginner’s guide to debits and credits. But
with the ABM strand, students will get to spend more time understanding Applied Economics,
Business Ethics and Social Responsibility, Accountancy, Business, Management, Business Math,
Business Finance, Business Organization and Principles in Marketing. Senior high school students
will also be required to engage themselves in the field through practical experience and immersions
in various sectors and corporate industries. A business enterprise simulation will also be in the
works for students who have opted to take this strand. If negotiating, talking to consumers,
strategizing and analyzing business models are more your thing then this is the path for you.
As mentioned earlier, the ABM strand generally has three main specifications: Accounting,
Business, and Management. First and foremost, taking the ABM Strand track will allow you many
opportunities to start and run your own business. You will be trained in practicing proper time
management and develop many other skills that are going to be applicable for almost any career
Communication Skills
While taking the ABM Strand track, you are going to learn how to communicate with
different types of people. Running a business involves clear and concise communication. You will
learn to adapt to the communication skills that are required for various business courses.
Finance Skills
Accounting is an integral part of this track. By getting attune to the critical principles of
how the exchange of money actually works and the foundational mathematical syllogisms that
makeup accounting theory, you are going to learn how to properly handle a business and your own
finances.
Collaboration Skills
Running your own successful business is impossible to be achieved all on your own. There
is a crucial team dynamic that comes into play with all business operations regardless of size, scale,
and scope. Not only will your communication skills be used, your leadership skills will also be
Analytical Skills
Logical prowess is crucial for any business operation. With the ABM Strand track, your
reasoning skills are going to get sharpened to their fullest potential. This is one of the most
necessary skill sets that you are going to master while studying the fields of business, finance, and
accounting.
Time Management
Objectively speaking, this is arguably one of the greatest skills that you could have,
especially as you begin your journey in higher education. You are going to learn how to budget
and allocate your time in such a way that everything will be efficient, effective, and simple. With
the required workload, you are going to go through with the ABM strand, your time management
COURSES THAT YOU MAY PURSUE IN COLLEGE IF YOU’LL TAKE ABM AS AN SHS
STRAND:
-The Bachelor of Science in Accountancy (BSA) prepares students for entry into a variety of
governmental accounting. It also prepares students for graduate programs such as law or the
students with knowledge and skills in accounting standards and management. Students will gain
the essential competencies needed in accounting and bookkeeping, account receivables, financial
analysis and auditing, financial and tax reporting, and other financial-related services.
coursework in both business and the liberal arts, and that they complete no fewer than 133 credits,
MAJOR IN:
Marketing Management
-The BSBA in Marketing Management program is designed to equip you with the knowledge
and skills for effective marketing and sales strategies: how a company determines what product or
service to sell, how customers and markets are delineated into target demographics, and the
methods of reaching them. The course also focuses on strategic marketing issues which marketing
Financial Management
four-year college course recommended for people who plan to make a career in Banking and
Finance Industry. The program aims to help students acquire analytical skills, perception, and
competencies necessary for sound financial decision making in the business world.
Banking
is a four year degree program designed to provide students with the tools for understanding
Operations Management
OM) is a four year degree program designed to provide students with knowledge and skills
internal processes.
Business Economics
understanding of the world of economics, covering local and global economic conditions as
technology to accounting processes. While most accounting degrees do cover information systems,
this degree particularly focuses on the creation, deployment, and use of the information systems
designed to provide students with knowledge and skills in business management and office
processes needed in different workplaces such as general business offices, legal or medical offices.
-One of the most important skills students learn is how to be proficient on various types of
relevant business software, such as Microsoft Office and QuickBooks. Students also learn the basic
functions of accounting, which often include data processing and spreadsheets. Collecting,
maintaining, and analyzing a business’ financial data are other important skills learned in these
programs. In some cases, internships are required as part of the curriculum. This degree program
-The Degree program herein shall be called Bachelor of Science in Office System
Management, which shall adhere to the standards and policies of Bachelor of Science in Office
Management. The program aims to prepare the graduates for a career in Office Administration
especially in various general and specialized administrative supports, supervisory and managerial
positions. It also aims to equip graduates with the competencies, skills, and knowledge and work
In the BS in business management program, you learn steps to become a global citizen,
critical thinker and responsible leader. Study approaches to organizational development with an
emphasis on the practical aspects of change that improves effectiveness. Coursework in this
program allows you to review the foundations of business and receive an intense introduction to
course for individuals who wish to pursue a career in custom brokerage or in the field of
transportation and supply chain management. The program is designed to produce customs
brokers, freight forwarders, logistics managers, export-import managers and government customs
and a wide range of skills to students regarding economic theories, organizational and financing
issues with the use of quantitative and analytical approach. It aims to produce graduates who are
competent in explaining economic issues of interest, and have access to economic data and
The Bachelor of Science in Finance (BSF) is designed to prepare students for professional
organizations. Students completing the BSF will be well prepared to sit for the first level of the
Certified Financial Analyst (CFA) or the Certified Financial Planning (CFP) exams. Exemplary
students may also choose to continue their education in one of Kogod’s master’s programs.
Bachelor of Science in Financial Management
your current career in financial services or in working at a management level with a financial focus.
how to start and manage a business by combining management, accounting, finance, and
marketing principles. This program is designed in order to equip students with the necessary
knowledge and skills in identifying business opportunities, business planning, financing, company
Bachelor of Science in Legal Management (BSLM) is a four-year degree program that aims
Philippine Justice System. The BSLM program includes topics in the laws of business, obligations
and contracts, taxation, labor laws, and negotiable instruments. It also aims to teach students the
Graduates will have the knowledge, skills and discipline to operate effectively in an
organization, performing financial and operational audit functions as a member of an audit team.
managerial skills, while at the same time building competence in a particular area of business (see
below). Most universities therefore, plan the degree such that in addition to their major, students
are exposed to general business principles, taking courses in accounting, finance, business
management, human resources, (business) statistics, marketing, and economics; some programs
also require (introductory) calculus and information systems. For a comparison with other business
MAJOR IN:
Computer Science
-This double degree will prepare you to embrace the challenge of today’s science and
technology industries as they meet the fast-paced world of business and finance. You’ll
Economics
-This major provides an excellent education in the leading theories and concepts involved in
modern economics. The quantitative and analytical skills you acquire will enable you to
understand how individuals make optimal economic decisions, how organizations operate in
the global economy, and how governments respond to home and global economic challenges.
Management
-The Bachelor of Commerce, with a major in Management, provides students with the
opportunity to study a broad spectrum of management units and to combine these studies with
Studies in Management provide a foundation that enables students to anticipate, manage and
facilitate change in a rapidly evolving business and corporate world. Students have the
opportunity to reflect on the ethical issues of management and the challenges of global
responsibility.
Marketing
-The major equips you for a professional career in marketing management. Units in the major
cover gathering information on consumer needs and the marketing environment, and look at
tools the marketer uses to satisfy those needs – the extended marketing mix. Lectures include
people who wants to have a career in the field of Tourism and Event Management. This course
leads to expertise in management of tour-operating agencies, as well as other jobs in the tourism
-Bachelor of Science in Tourism in the Philippines is a four-year collegiate degree program offered
to individuals who are interested in making a career in the area of travel and tour industry. The
course aims to develop students who will become qualified personnel, administrators and
various components related to the travel and tour industry, including tour and travel operations,
events management, allied services, entertainment and recreation, tourism research and education
The BS Culinary Management program is designed to prepare students to become highly skilled
and disciplined culinary professionals. Courses embedded in the program will equip students with
a foundation and specialization in the culinary arts and food service management fields through a
combination of classroom activities, laboratory and field experiences. The program also aims to
-The Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management (BSHRM) program is geared
towards equipping students with the necessary knowledge, skills and attitude to provide quality
service in the hospitality industry. The program contains subjects that will address the needs of
different sectors in the hospitality industry, such as culinary, front office, tourism, resort and hotel
operations. Its primary concentration is on the development of practical and management skills
which are achieved through the combination of theoretical classes, practicum exercises and
The Senior High School as part of the K+12 Curriculum is new in our educational system,
but in the contrary, these added two years in basic education will provide an opportunity for
everyone to be equally well-prepared for a college education academically. In Senior High School
there are four career tracks for students to choose from: Academic, Technical-Vocational-
Livelihood, Sports, and Art & Design. One of the strands in Academic track is Accountancy and
Business Management (ABM) which offers subjects which will help and open our minds into the
business world therefore, become the ticket to the corporate world. The purpose of writing the
literature is to highlight and broaden the knowledge of the students of what ABM really is. The
literature review focuses on the ABM strand, for the students to have a background knowledge
about it, to let them know what are the possible courses they can take up in college in line with the
said strand and the potential jobs they can acquire in the future.
Philippines competed globally and have been the country with the strongest economic
growth in Asia, having 7.1% Growth Domestic Product (GDP). As our economic rate increases,
more jobs are being available and according to Jodi Chavez, president of Randstad Professionals,
job opportunities in finance and accounting have increased with the growing economy making it
the most in demand career in the year 2017. Business is the backbone of a country’s economy,
which explains why a lot of the most in demand careers are in the business sector. The author
provided an overview of the available literature about Senior High School in regard to the ABM
strand. The review of literature was very detailed and contains various knowledge about
Accountancy and Business Management. The objective of writing the literature review is to notify
the students about the suitable jobs for them within the ABM strand and to encourage them to take
up the said strand. The procedures done to attain the statistical results were adequate and were
explained. The author also included sources which helped to achieve the strengthen the study, to
make it evident.
Accountancy and Business Management (ABM) strand offers subjects which will help and
open our minds into the business world, therefore, become the ticket to the corporate world. And
as our economy grows through the years, more and more job opportunities are being available, and
as of this year, 2017, accounting and finance related jobs are the most sought jobs around the
world. Overall, the purpose of writing the literature is to highlight and broaden the knowledge of
the students of what ABM is and encourage them to take up the said track. The author’s objectives
were reasonable and attainable and the article was relevant and convincing. The literature review
answered all the questions about ABM track clearly. The article also included enough information
to fulfill the anticipation of the students to gain knowledge about ABM. [2]
Through the implementation of Republic Act (RA) 10533 or K-12 Program during the
Aquino III administration an additional 2 years in High School, called Senior High School, was
added to the curriculum. The researchers used structured questionnaire and Google form to
properly disseminate the questions. The result of the gathered data showed that 80.67% of the
strands of the 119 pioneer SHS graduates of Bulacan State University Laboratory High School are
aligned to their current course. The researchers also determined that (a) Strong Desire/Interest in
the Course, (b) Possible Financial Outcome, and (c) Employment Prospects were the 3 major
factors that contributed to their decision in enrolling in their current course. The researchers
concluded that the respondents chose their course according to their interest in their future
profession and future financial and employment matters in connection to their previous Senior
High School strands. The researchers recommend this research to be conducted with the
succeeding batch of Senior High School of Bulacan State University Laboratory High School to
determine if the administrators and coordinators continuously do the mandatory guides and
seminars for their students and to determine whether the students planned beforehand for their
future. [3]
Synthesis
Being an Accountancy, Business and Management students is not easy. You will have a
better understanding of all topics relating to business finance, economics, and marketing. ABM is
not just focusing on how will you manage your business, it also tackles about payment that you
are going to pay, the risk in managing business and on how for your business to be successful.
Being ABM student is challenging because you will learn the reality of life in this world. First and
foremost, taking the ABM strand track will allow you many opportunities to start and run your
own business. You will be trained in practicing proper time management and develop many other
skills that are going to be applicable for almost any career path that you choose to pursue.
Communication skills, finance skills, collaboration skills, analytical skills, and time objectives are
some positive effect that you can learn in taking ABM strand. And another advantage of taking
ABM strand is having a lot of courses or college program in line with than other strand. It also
offers subject which will help and open our minds into the business world, therefore, become the
ticket to the corporate world. And our economy grows throughout the years, more and more job
from https://jumbohakdogs.home.blog/2018/11/24/advantage-of-taking-an-abm-strand-in-shs/)
[2] (Sparks, N. (2017). “Accountancy and Business Management Strand: Our Ticket to the
https://nicholasparksbooks.wordpress.com/2017/03/05/literature-review/)
[3] (Santos, J., Blas, LC., Panganiban, AJ., Reyes, KC. & Sayo, JC,. (2019). “Alignment of Senior
https://ssrn.com/abstract=3441109 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3441109)