List of city name changes

This is a list of cities and towns whose names were offi- 4 Angola
cially changed at one or more points in history. It does
not include gradual changes in spelling that took place • Amboim → Cabela → Gabela
over long periods of time.
see also: Geographical renaming and Names of European • Benguella → Benguela (1975)
cities in different languages.
• Cabinda → Tchiowa (proposed)

• Carmona → Uíge (1975)

1 Afghanistan
• Concelho → Caconda (1975)
• Alexandria Ariana → Herat
• Henrique de Carvalho → Saurimo (1975)
• Alexandria Arachosia → Kandahar
• Huambo → Nova Lisboa → Huambo (1975)
• Alexandria in Opiania → Ghazni
• Loanda → Luanda (1975)
• Alexandria on the Oxus → Al-Khanoum
• Bactra → Balkh • Moçâmedes → Namibe (1985)

• Adina Pur → Jalalabad • Novo Redondo → Sumbe (1975)

• Kissonde → Benguela → Benguela Velha → Porto

Amboim (1923) → Gunza/Porto Gabela (proposed)
2 Albania
• Porto Alexandre → Tombwe/Tombua
• Dyrrachium → Durazzo → Durrës
• Robert Williams town/Vila Robert Williams →
• Alessio → Lezhë Caála (1975)
• Scutari → Shkodrë
• Sá da Bandeira → Lubango

• São Salvador → M'banza-Kongo (1975)

3 Algeria
• Santa Comba → Waku-Kungo (1975)
• Ikosium → Icosium → Algiers
• Santo António do Zaire → Soyo
• Géryville → El Bayadh
• Serpa Pinto → Menongue (1975)
• Cirta → Constantine
• Silva Porto → Kuito/Cuito (1975)
• Hippo Regius → Bône → Annaba
• Teixeira da Silva → Bailundo/Bailunda
• Rusicade → Philippeville → Skikda
• Castellum Tingitanum → Orléansville → El Asnam • Teixeira de Sousa → Luau (1975)
→ Chlef
• Vila Luso → Luena (1975)
• Malaca → Calama → Guelma
• Vila Salazar → N'dalatando (1975)
• Colomb-Béchar → Béchar
• Saint André de Mers-el-Kébir → Mers-el-Kébir
5 Argentina
• Saldae → Bougie → Béjaïa
• Fort Laperrine → Tamanrasset • La Plata → Ciudad Eva Perón → La Plata

1
2 9 AZERBAIJAN

6 Armenia • Mayday Hills → Beechworth (NSW)

• Bendigo’s Creek → Sandhurst → Bendigo (VIC)

See List of renamed cities in Armenia
• Dumbletown → Beverly Hills (NSW)
• Akhta → Hrazdan
• Emu Bay → Burnie (TAS)
• Alagyoz → Tsakhkahovit → Aragats (1950)
• Port Darwin → Palmerston → Darwin (NT)
• Artashat → Verin Ghamarlu → Artashat (1962)
• Germanton → Holbrook (NSW)
• Basarkechar → Vardenis (1945)
• Limestone Station → Ipswich (QLD)
• Dadakishlag → Akhundov → Punik
• Bearbrass → Melbourne (VIC)
• Davalou → Ararat (1935)
• Mobilong → Murray Bridge (SA)
• Dyuzkand → Akhuryan (1950)
• Blackman’s Flat → Orange (NSW)
• Geryusi → Goris (1924)
• Currajong → Parkes (NSW)
• Hamamlou → Spitak (1948)
• Belfast → Port Fairy (VIC)
• Jalaloghlou → Stepanavan (1930)
• Flooding Creek → Sale (VIC)
• Ghapan → Kapan (1990)
• McGuire’s Punt → Sheppardtown → Shepparton
• Karaklis → Kirovakan (1935) → Vanadzor (1993) (VIC)

• Krasnoselsk → Chambarak (1993) • Newcastle → Toodyay (WA)

• Kumayri → Alexandropol (1840) → Leninakan • Hummock Hill → Whyalla (SA)

(1924) → Gyumri (1990)

• Kyavar → Novo-Bayazet/Nor Bayazet (1830) → 8 Austria

Kamo (1959) → Gavar (1996)

• Lusavan → Charentsavan (1967) • Vindobona → Wien (Vienna)

• Nerkin Karanlough → Martuni (1926)

• Sardarapat → Hoktemberyan (1932) → Armavir 9 Azerbaijan

(1992)
See List of renamed cities in Azerbaijan
• Soylan → Azizbekov (1956) → Vayk (1994)

• Nubarashen → Sovetashen → Nubarashen • Mardakert → Ağdərə (1991, change not recognized

by the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic which controls
• Uloukhanlou → Narimanlou → Zangibasar → Raz- this city)
dan → Masis
• Aşağı Ağcakənd → Şaumyanovsk (1938) → Aşağı
• Vagharshapat → Echmiadzin (1941) → Vagharsha- Ağcakənd (1990)
pat (1991)
• Astraxan-Bazar → Cəlilabad (1967)
• Vorontsovka → Kalinino (1937) → Tashir (1991)
• Beyləqan → Zhdanov (1939) → Beyləqan (1991)

• Biləsuvar → Puşkino (1938) → Biləsuvar (1991)

7 Australia
• Dəvəçi → Şabran (2010)
See also: Australian place names changed from German
• Duvannı → Sanqaçal
names
• Gəncə → Elisabethpol (1805) → Gəncə (1918) →
Kirovabad (1935) → Gəncə (1989)
• Stuart → Alice Springs (NT)
• Goranboy → Qasım-İsmayılov (1938) → Goranboy
• Ballaarat → Ballarat (VIC) (1990)
 3

• Helenendorf → Yelenino → Xanlar (1938) → • Berestie (Берестье) (historical ruthenian name) →

Göygöl (2008) Brześć Litewski (polish name) → Brest-Litovsk
(Брест-Литовск) (Russian name since 19th century
• Karyagino → Füzuli (1959) as transcribed from Polish*) → Brest (Брест) (*) →
Brest (Брэст)/Bierascie (Берасце) (informal)
• Xonaşen → Martuni → Xocavənd (1991, change
not recognized by the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic
• Horodno (Городно) (historical ruthenian name) →
which controls this city)
Grodno (polish name) → Grodno (Гродно) (Rus-
• Noraşen → İliç[evsk] → Şərur (1991) sian name since 19th century as transcribed from
Polish) → Hrodna (Гродна)/Harodnia (Гародня)
• Petropavlovka → Petropavlovsk → Sabirabad (informal)
(1931)
• Novohorodok (Новогородокъ) (historical ruthe-
• Port-Ilich → Liman (1999) nian name) → Nowogródek (polish name) → Novo-
grudok (Новогрудок) (Russian name since 19th
• Prishib → Göytəpə
century as transcribed from Polish) → Navahrudak
• Qutqaşen → Qəbələ (1991) (Навагрудак)/Navaharodak (Навагародак) (infor-
mal)/Navahradak (Наваградак) (informal)
• Şəki → Nuxa (1840) → Şəki (1968)
• Mery, Myory (Меры) (historical ruthenian name)
• Şəmkir → Şamxor → Şəmkir (1991) → Miory (polish name) → Miory (Миоры) (Russian
name since 19th century as transcribed from Polish)
• Tərtər → Mir-Bəşir (1949) → Tərtər (1991)
→ Mijory (Міёры)/Miory (Мёры) (informal)
• Traubenfeld → Vinogradnoe Pole → Tovuz
• Feni→ Heni
• Vartaşen → Oğuz (1991)

• Xankəndi → Stepanakert (1923) → Xankəndi

(1991, change not recognized by the Nagorno- 12 Belgium
Karabakh Republic which controls this city)
• Charnoy (hamlet) → Charleroi (1666)
• Yelizavetinka → Lüksemburq → Ağstafa (1939)

• Yeni Şamaxı → Ağsu • Atuatuca Tungrorum (= Aduatuca Tongrorum) →

Tongeren
• Zubovka → Əli-Bayramlı (1938) → Şirvan (2008)

• Pirçivan → Zəngilan (1957)

13 Botswana (formerly
Bechuanaland)
10 Bangladesh
• Gaberones → Gaborone (1969)
• Jahangir Nagar → Dacca → Dhaka

• Chittagong → Chotogram *(both are used as

both English and Bengali are official languages of 14 Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bangladesh)

• Bosanska Gradiška → Gradiška

11 Belarus • Drvar → Titov Drvar (1981) → Drvar (1991)

See List of renamed cities in Belarus • Hvoča → Foča → Srbinje → Foča

• Mien’sk (Мѣньскъ) (historical ruthenian name) → • Delminium → Županjac → Županj-potok → Žu-

Mińsk Litewski (polish name) → Minsk (Минск) panjac → Duvno → Tomislavgrad → Duvno →
(Russian name since 19th century as transcribed Tomislavgrad
from Polish) → Minsk (Мінск)/Miensk (Менск)
(informal) • Salines → Soli → Tuzla
4 18 CANADA

15 Brazil • Ortaköy → Ivailovgrad

• Pautalia → Velbazhd → Köstendil → Kyustendil
• Adolfo Konder → Vidal Ramos
• Golyama Kutlovitsa → Kutlofça → Ferdinand →
• Hamônia → Ibirama Mihailovgrad → Montana
• Hansa Humboldt → Corupá • Mesembria → Misivri→ Nesebar
• Jabaeté → Viana • Tatar Pazardzhik → Pazardzhik
• Neu-Zürich → Dalbérgia → Neu Breslau → • Plevne → Pleven
Presidente Getúlio
• Kendros (Kendrisos/Kendrisia) → Odryssa → Eu-
• Nossa Senhora do Desterro → Florianópolis molpia → Philipopolis → Trimontium → Ulpia →
Flavia → Julia → Paldin/Ploudin → Poulpoudeva →
• Nova Danzig → Cambé
Filibe → Plovdiv
• Paraíba → João Pessoa
• Ruschuk (Rusčuk) → Rousse
• Porto Acre → Xapuri
• Kolarovgrad → Şumnu → Shumen
• Porto dos Casais → Porto Alegre • Durostorum → Dorostol → Drastar → Silistre →
• São José da Barra do Rio Negro → Manaus Silistra

• São José del Rey → Tiradentes • Bashmakli → Ahiçelebi → Smolyan

• Veado → Siqueira Campos → Guaçuí • Serdica → Sredets → Triaditsa → Sofya →Sofia

• Vila do Espírito Santo → Vila Velha • Apolonia → Sozopolis → Süzebolu→ Sozopol

• Vila Nova do Espírito Santo → Vitória • Beroe → Vereya (Beroya) → Ulpia Augusta Trajana
→ Irinopolis → Boruy → Vereya → Eski Zağra →
• Vila Rica → Ouro Preto Zheleznik → Stara Zagora
• Eski Dzhumaia (Eski Cuma) → Targovishte
16 Brunei • Vassiliko → Tsarevo → Michurin → Tsarevo
• Odesos → Varna → Stalin → Varna
• Brunei Town (Bandar Brunei) → Bandar Seri Be-
gawan (1970) • Tarnovgrad → Tarnovo → Tırnova → Tarnovo →
Veliko Tarnovo
• Brooketon → Muara
• Bononia → Bdin → Vidin
• Padang Berawa → Seria
• Vratitsa → Ivraca→ Vratsa

17 Bulgaria
18 Canada
• Agatopolis → Ahtabolu → Ahtopol
• Ratiaria → Archar
18.1 Alberta

• Scaptopara → Cuma-i Bala (Yukarı Cuma) → • Hobbema → Maskwacis

Gorna Dzhumaya → Blagoevgrad
• Orhanie → Botevgrad
• Scaphida → Pyrgos → Burgaz → Burgas
• Hadzhioglu Pazardzhik → Tolbuhin → Dobrich
• Diranava → Dryanovo
• Dupniche → Marek → Stanke Dimitrov → Dupnitsa
• Nevrokop → Gotse Delchev
18.2 British Columbia
• Fort George → Prince George
• Fort Camosun → Fort Victoria → Victoria
• Westbank → West Kelowna
• Wu'muthkweyum → Vancouver
• ch’átlich → Sechelt
18.9 Saskatchewan 5

18.3 Manitoba 18.9 Saskatchewan

• Prince of Wales Fort → Churchill • Pile o' Bones → Regina
• Prussia → Leader
18.4 New Brunswick
• Fort LaTour → Saint John 19 Chad
• Léger Corner → Dieppe • Faya → Largeau → Faya-Largeau → Faya (pro-
posed)
• Ste. Anne’s Point → Fredericton
• Fort Archambault → Sarh

18.5 Nunavut • Fort-Foureau → Kousséri

• Fort Lamy → N'Djamena
• Frobisher Bay → Iqaluit

18.6 Ontario 20 China

• Berlin → Kitchener, Ontario. Changed in 1916 due • Amoy† → Hsia-men† → Xiamen
to Canadian involvement in the First World War,
• Ji → Yanjing → Zhongdu → Dadu → Jingshi →
named after Lord Kitchener see Berlin to Kitchener
Khanbalik (as Mongol capital) → Peking † → Peip-
name change
ing → Beijing
• Hens and Chicken’s Harbour → Collingwood[1] • Canton† → Guangzhou
• New Johnstown → Cornwall • Chang'an → Xi'an
• Rat Portage → Kenora • Chinchow† → Jinzhou

• Fort Frontenac → Kingston • Chungking† → Chongqing

• Ebytown → Berlin → Kitchener (see Berlin to Kitch- • Iling → Ichang† → Yichang

ener name change) • Jinling → Nanking† → Nanjing
• Newark → Niagara-on-the-Lake • Kirin† → Jilin
• Bytown → Ottawa • Bianliang → Bianjing → Kaifeng

• Shipman’s Corners → St. Catharines • Lin'an → Hangchow† → Hangzhou

• Sainte-Anne-des-Pins → Sudbury → Greater Sud- • Soochow† - Suzhou

bury • Yinxu → Anyang
• Fort Rouillé → Toronto → York → Toronto • Tan-tung† → Andong → Dandong
• Aqueduct → Merritsville → Welland • Tientsin† → Tianjin
• Shenyang → Shengjing → Fengtianfu → Mukden →
18.7 Prince Edward Island Fengtian → Shenyang
• Ch'ing-ni-wa† → Lüshunkou (aka Port Arthur) →
• Port la Joie → Charlottetown Dalnyi → Dairen; Ryojun → Luda → Dalian
• Swatow† → Shan-t'ou → Shantou
18.8 Québec
• Tsinan† → Chi-nan → Jinan
• Hochelaga → Ville-Marie → Mont-Royal →
Montreal †Name change in English due to replacement of outdated
methods such as the postal romanization with the pinyin
• Stadacona → Québec City method. The Chinese name is unchanged.
6 23 CROATIA

21 Colombia • Costermansstad = Costermansville (colonial) →

Bukavu
• Bacatá → Santa Fe de Bacatá → Bogotá → Santa Fe • Elisabethstad = Elisabethville (colonial) →
de Bogotá → Bogotá Lubumbashi
• Obando → Puerto Inírida → Inirida • Jadotstad = Jadotville (colonial) → Likasi
• Patriarca San José → Cúcuta → San José de Cucúta • Leopoldstad = Léopoldville (colonial) → Kinshasa
→ Cúcuta
• Luluaburg/ Luluabourg (colonial) → Kananga
• Valle de Upar → Ciudad de los Santos Reyes de
Valledupar → Valle Dupar → Valledupar • Bangala Station → Nieuw-Antwerpen = Nouvelle-
Anvers (colonial) → Makanza
• Nuestra Señora Santa María de los Remedios del
Cabo de la Vela → Nuestra Señora de los Remedios • Ponthierstad/Ponthierville (colonial) → Ubundu
del Río de la Hacha → Riohacha
• Port Franqui → Ilebo
• Barbudo → Santiago de Sompayón → Tamalameque
→ Santiago de Sompayón Nuestra Señora de la Can- • Stanleystad = Stanleyville (colonial) → Kisangani
delaria de El Banco → El Banco

• San Jerónimo de Buenavista → Pereira 23 Croatia

• Apiay → Villavicencio
• Ragusa → Dubrovnik
• Pueblo Viejo →San Francisco de Quibdó → Quibdó
• Tinum (Latin; Hungarian: Tinin; Italian: Tenin) →
• San Bonifacio de Ibagué del valle de las Lanzas → Knin
Ibagué
• Mursa → Essegg, Eszék → Osijek
• Villaviciosa de la Concepción de la Provincia de
Hatunllacta → Villaviciosa de la Concepción de San • Pola → Pula
Juan de los Pastos → San Juan de Pasto
• Sankt Veit am Fluß (German) → Fiume (Italian) →
• San Antonio → Leticia Rijeka

• Santa Cruz de Pizarro → Santa Cruz de San José → • Sebenico → Šibenik

Sitionuevo → Sitio Nuevo
• Spalatum (Latin) → Spalato → Spljet → Split
• Villa Holguín→ Armenia
• Τραγύριον, Tragyrion or Τραγούριον, Tragourion
(Greek) → Tragurium (Latin) → Traù (Italian) →
Trogir
22 Democratic Republic of the
• Iader → Jadera → Zara → Zadar
Congo (Ex-Belgian Congo, Ex-
• Agram, Zagrab → Zagreb
Zaire)
• Buccari → Bakar
Main article: Former place names in the Democratic
Republic of the Congo • Zaravecchia → Biograd na Moru

• Pinguente → Buzet
A number of places became towns/cities under a Belgian
• Cherso → Cres
colonial name, or rather two: in Dutch (often ending in
-stad) and French (often ending in -ville, also meaning • Cirquenizza → Crikvenica
'town') (the Belgian official languages), but were later re-
named in native languages, such as : • Castelli → Kaštela

• Castua → Kastav
• Albertstad = Albertville (colonial) → Kalemie
• Comiza → Komiža
• Boudewijnstad = Baudoinville (colonial) → Kirungu
• Curzola → Korčula
• Coquilhatstad = Coquihatville (colonial) →
Mbandaka • Porto Re → Kraljevica
25.1 Greenland 7

• Albona → Labin 25.1 Greenland

• Laurana → Lovran • Friedrichstal → Frederiksdal → Narsarmijit
(Narsaq Kujalleq)
• Lesina → Hvar
• Godthaab → Godthåb → Nuuk
• Lussinpiccolo → Mali Lošinj

• Nona → Nin • Lichtenau → Alluitsoq

• Cittanova (d'Istria) → Novigrad • Lichtenfels → Akunnat

• Abbazia → Opatija • Neu-Herrnhut → Nye-Hernhut → Noorlit → Nuuk

• Pagu → Pag

• Pisino → Pazin 26 Dominican Republic

• Pozzo Littorio d'Arsia → Piedalbona → Podlabin • Santo Domingo → Ciudad Trujillo (1936–1961) →
Santo Domingo
• Parenzo → Poreč

• Rovigno → Rovinj

• Segnia → Senj
27 Egypt
• Dignano → Vodnjan Many cities had Ancient Egyptian, Greek, and Latin
names
• Vodizze → Vodice
• Syene → Aswan

24 Czech Republic • Iunyt, Ta-senet → Latopolis → Laton → Lato →

Esna
• Cukmantl (Zuckmantel) → Zlaté Hory

• Falknov (Falkenau) → Sokolov

28 Equatorial Guinea
• Frývaldov (Freiwaldau) → Jeseník
• Port Clarence → Santa Isabel → Malabo
• Německý Brod (Deutsch Brod) → Havlíčkův Brod

• Německé Jablonné (Deutsch Gabel) → Jablonné v

Podještědí 29 Estonia
• Unterwielands (Cmunt) → České Velenice →
See List of renamed cities in Estonia
Gmünd-Bahnhof (Gmünd III) → České Velenice

• Zlín (Zlin) → Gottwaldov → Zlín • Kuressaare → Kingissepa (1952) → Kuressaare

(1988)
• Budweis → České Budějovice
• Reval/Revel → Tallinna (1918) → Tallinn (early
• Pilsen → Plzeň
1920s)
• Karlsbad → Karlovy Vary
• Dorpat/Derpt → Jurjev (1893) → Tartu (1918)
• Reichenberg → Liberec

30 Finland
25 Denmark
• Mustasaari/Mussor → Wasa → Nikolais-
Ārōs → Århus → Aarhus (2011) tad/Nikolainkaupunki → Vasa/Vaasa
8 32 GAMBIA

31 France • Iuliomagus → Angers

• Lapurdum → Bayonne
Most cities had an ancient name, usually in Latin, often
of older Celtic origin • Limonum → Poitiers

• Agedincum → Sens • (Colonia Copia Claudia Augusta) Lugdunum (Lug-

dunensis) → Lyon
• Aginnum → Agen
• Lugdunum Convenarum → Saint-Bertrand-de-
• Andemantunum → Langres Comminges
• Antipolis → Antibes
• Lugdunum Clavatum → Laon
• Aquae Sextiae → Aix-en-Provence
• Lugdunum Consoranorum → Saint-Lizier
• Arausio → Orange
• Lutetia → Paris
• Arelate → Arles
• Massilia → Marseille
• Argentoratum → Strassburg → Strasbourg
• Augustobona → Troyes • Matisco → Mâcon

• Augustodunum → Autun • Mediolanium → Saintes

• Augustodurum → Bayeux • Mediolanum Aulercorum → Évreux

• Augustonemetum → Clermont-Ferrand • Metis → Metz
• Autessiodurum → Auxerre • Narbo Martius → Narbonne
• Autricum → Carnotum → Chartres
• Nemausus → Nîmes
• Avaricum → Bourges
• Nemetacum → Arras
• Avennio → Avignon
• Noviodunum Aeduorum → Nevirnum → Nevers
• Bagacum → Bavai
• Rotomagus → Rouen
• Burdigala → Bordeaux
• Caesarodunum → Tours • Samarobriva → Amiens

• Carcaso → Carcassonne • Segodunum → Rodez

• Cenabum → Cenabum Aureliani → Aurelianum → • Senones → Sens

Orléans
• Strasburg → Strasbourg
• Condevicnum → Portus Namnetum → Nantes
• Tolosa → Toulouse
• Cularo → Gratianopolis → Grenoble
• Valentia → Valence, Drôme
• Divodurum → Metz
• Divona → Cahors • Vesontio → Besançon

• Durocortorum → Reims • Vienna → Vienne

• Elimberris → Auch • Wissemburg → Wissembourg

• Forum Iulii → Fréjus
• Gesocribate → Brest 32 Gambia
• Gesoriacum → Bononia → Bonen (aan zee)/
Boulogne-sur-Mer • Bathurst → Banjul (1973)

• Iluro → Oléron • Georgetown → Janjanbureh

 9

33 Georgia 34 Germany

See List of renamed cities in Georgia see also List of cities and towns in East Prussia
for towns now in Poland, Russia or Lithuania

• Aghbulakhi → Tetritsq'aro (1940)

• Aquisgranum → Aix La Chapelle → Aachen
• Baghdati → Maiakovski (1940) → Baghdati (1990) • Arckenow → Erkenau → Erkener → Erkner

• Barmaksizi → Tsalka (1932) • Augusta Treverorum → Trier

• Augusta Vindelicorum → Augsburg

• Bashkicheti → Dmanisi (1947)
• Aurelia Aquensi → Baden-Baden
• Altunkale → Bogdanovka (1829) → Ninotsminda
• Barmen-Elberfeld → Wuppertal
(1991)
• Batavis → Passau
• Dioscurias → Savastapolis → Tskhumi → So-
humkale → Sukhumi • Bona → Bonn

• Elisabethtal → Asureti (1943)
• Martvili → Gegechkori → Martvili (1990)
• Kvirila → Jugeli (1920) → Zestafoni (1921)
• Bötzow → Oranienburg
• Bremerhaven → Wesermünde → Bremerhaven
• Buchhorn → Friedrichshafen
• Castellum apud Confluentes → Koblenz

• Karaiazi → Gardabani (1947) • Castra Regina → Regensburg

• Chemnitz → Karl-Marx-Stadt → Chemnitz

• Khashuri → Mikhailovo (1872) → Khashuri (1918)
→ Stalinisi (1931) → Khashuri (1934) • Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium → Cologne
(Köln)
• Chörük-Qamarli → Katarinenfeld (1817) → Lük-
semburgi (1921) → Bolnisi (1943) • Colonia Nemetum → Speyer

• Constantia → Konstanz
• Stepantsminda → Kazbegi → Stepantsminda (2006)
• Everswolde → Neustadt-Eberswalde → Eberswalde-
• Akhalgori → Leningori → Akhalgori (1991) Finow

• Fürstenberg (Oder) → Stalinstadt →

• Ozurgeti → Makharadze → Ozurgeti (1990)
Eisenhüttenstadt
• Kharagauli → Orjonikidze → Kharagauli (1990) • Klenow → Ludwigslust

• Sarvan → Borchalo (1929) → Marneuli (1947) • Lietzow → Lietzenburg → Charlottenburg

• Liubice → Lübeck
• Senaki → Mikha-Tskhakaia (1935) → Tskhakaia
(1976) → Senaki (1989) • Lochau → Annaburg

• Shulavery → Shahumiani (1925) → Shulaveri • Moguntiacum → Mainz→ Mayence → Mainz

(1991)
• Trialeti → Molotovo (1940) → Trialeti (1957)
• Tsarskiye Kolodtsy → Tsitelitskaro (1921) →
Dedoplistskaro (1991)
• Tskhinvali → Staliniri (1934) → Tskhinvali (1961)
• Khoni → Tsulukidze → Khoni (1990)
• Münden → Hannoversch Münden → Hann. Mün-
den
• Neustadt → Dorotheenstadt (in 1710 incorporated
into Berlin)
• Rixdorf → Neukölln (in 1920 incorporated into
Berlin)
• Sarre-Louis → Sarre-Libre → Saarlouis → Saar-
lautern → Saarlouis
10 39 INDIA

• Syburg → Carlshaven → Bad Karlshafen 39 India

• Sorviodurum → Straubing
• Stadt des KdF-Wagens bei Fallersleben →
Wolfsburg
• Starigard → Aldinborg → Oldenburg in Holstein
See also: List of renamed Indian public places
• Bangalore → Bengaluru (2006)
• Madras → Chennai (changed August 1996)

• Vörde → Bremervörde • Fort William → Calcutta → Kolkata (January 2001)

• Mumba → Boa Baia → Bombay → Mumbai (1996)
• New Bombay → Navi Mumbai
35 Greece
• Mangalore → Mangaluru
• Banitsa → Vevi • Mysore → Mysuru
• Boimitsa → Axioupoli • Kanhiyapur → Cawnpore → Kanpur (1948)

• Kailar → Ptolemaida • Baroda → Vadodra

• Pataliputra → Patna
• Khandak → Candia → Heraklion
• Pondicherry → Puducherry
• Lamia → Zitouni → Lamia
• Poona → Pune

See also: Former toponyms in Greece and list • Qila Rai Pithora → Siri → Tughluqabad → Jahan-
compiled by the Institute for Neohellenic Re- panah → Kotla Firoz Shah → Purana Qila → Shah-
search jahanabad → Delhi
• Trivandrum → Thiruvananthapuram

36 Guyana • Quilon → Kollam

• Aleppey → Alappuzha
• Wismar-MacKenzie-Christianburg → Linden
• Cochin → Kochi
• Calicut → Kozhikode
37 Hong Kong • Chirayinkil → Chirayinkeezhu
• Kattachakonam → Kesavadasapuram
• Un Long → Yuen Long
• Palghat → Palakkad
• Thrishivaperur → Trichur → Thrissur
38 Hungary
• Cannanore → Kannur
• Dunapentele → Sztálinváros (1951) → Dunaújváros • Saket→Ayodhya
(1961)
• Indravati → Umravti → Amravati
• Fünfkirchen → Pécs • Tanjore → Thanjavur
• Gran → Esztergom • Lakshmanpuri → Lakhanpur → Lakhnau →
Lucknow
• Tiszaszederkény → Leninváros (1970) →
Tiszaújváros (1990) • Thirusirappalli → Trichinopoly → Trichy →
Tiruchirappalli
• Waitzen → Vác • Jeypore → Jaipur
• • Orissa →Odisha
 11

• Ootacamund → Udhagamandalam • Shapur → Salmas

• Mapuça → Mapusa
• Saujbulagh → Mahabad
• Panjim → Panaji
• Gonapa → Gonabad
• Vizagapatam → Visakhapatnam
• Belgaum → Belagavi
• Hubli → Hubballi
42 Ireland
• Gulbarga → Kalburgi • Bagenalstown → Muine Bheag (1932)
• Bijapur → Vijayapura
• Charleville → Ráth Luirc (1920s)
• Banaras → Varanasi
• Cove → Queenstown (1849) → Cobh (1922)

40 Indonesia • Dún Laoghaire → Kingstown (1821) → Dún

Laoghaire (1922)
• Bandar Aceh Darussalam → Kutaradja → Banda
Aceh • Edgeworthstown → Mostrim (1935) →
Edgeworthstown (1974)
• Bangkahulu → Bencoolen → Bengkulu
• Buitenzorg → Bogor • Fethard → Fethard-on-Sea (1914)

• Emma Haven → Teluk Bayur • Kells → Ceannanus Mór (1929) → Kells (1993)
• (Sunda) Kelapa (397–1527) → Jayakarta (1527–
• Kingwilliamstown → Ballydesmond (1951)
1619) → Batavia (1619–1949) → Djakarta (1949–
1972) → Jakarta
• Lisbrack → Newtownforbes (1750)
• Port Numbay → Hollandia → Kota Baru →
Sukarnopura → Jayapura • Maryborough → Port Laoise (1929)
• Makasar → Ujungpandang → Makassar
• Navan → An Uaimh (1922) → Navan (1971)
• Meester Cornelis → Djatinegara → Jatinegara
• Newbridge → Droichead Nua (1930s)
• Tanjungkarang-Telukbetung → Bandar Lampung
• Telanaipura → Jambi • Newtownbarry → Bunclody (1950)

• Parsonstown → Birr (1920s)

41 Iran • Philipstown → Daingean (1922)
• Qaradağ → Arasbaran
• Ecbatana → Hagmatana → Hamadan
43 Israel
• Saraskand → Hashtrud
• Aspadana → Isfahan • Acre → Ptolemais → Acre → Akko/Akka

• Behdesīr → Kerman (10th century A.D.) • Yvus/Shalem → Yerushalayim → Ilea Capitolina

→ Bayt al-Maqdis → Al-Quds → Yerushalayim/Al-
• Kivi → Kowsar Quds (Jerusalem)
• Malek Kandi → Malekan
• Ashkelon → Ascalon (Majdal) → Ashqelon
• Khiyov → Meshginshahr
• Joppa → Jaffa → Tel Aviv-Yafo
• Araplar → Poldasht
• Khorasan → Sain Qaleh • Raanania→ Ra'anana
12 45 JAPAN

44 Italy • Potentia → Potenza

• Rhegium → Reggio di Calabria
See also: Prontuario dei nomi locali dell'Alto Adige
• Roma → Colonia Lucia Annia Commodiana →
Roma (English Rome)
From history, most Italian cities have Latin names, some
have Greek or Etruscan names. • Salernum → Salerno
• Syrakusai → Siracusa (English Syracuse)
• Akragas → Agrigentum → Girgenti → Agrigento
• Taras → Tarentum → Taranto
• Ariminum → Rimini
• Vicetia → Vicenza
• Augusta Taurinorum → Torino (English and French
Turin)

• Barium → Bari 45 Japan

• Maleventum → Beneventum → Benevento
• Akamagaseki → Shimonoseki (1902)
• Bergomum → Bergamo
• Asahi → Owariasahi (1970)
• Brixia → Brescia
• Edo → Tokyo (1868)
• Brundisium → Brindisi
• Fuchū → Shizuoka (1869)
• Carales → Cagliari
• Fukase → Matsumoto (1582)
• Comum → Como
• Goka → Hiroshima (1591)
• Consentia → Cosenza • Hiroshima → Kitahiroshima (1996)
• Drepanum → Trapani • Hizaori → Asaka (1932)
• Felsina → Bononia → Bologna • Imahama → Nagahama (1575)
• Florentia → Firenze (English Florence) • Kameyama → Kameoka (1869)
• Genua → Genova (English Genoa) • Kōriyama → Yamatokōriyama (1954)
• Henna → Castrogiovanni → Enna • Koromo → Toyota (1959)
• Kroton → Crotona → Crotone • Kozukata → Morioka (Keichō era)
• Lavinium → Lavinio • Kurokawa → Wakamatsu → Aizuwakamatsu (1955)
• Littoria → Latina • Kurume → Higashikurume (1970)
• Mantua → Mantova (English Mantua) • Murayama → Musashimurayama (1970)
• Mediolanum → Milan (Milano) • Nagaoka → Nagaokakyō (1972)
• Messana → Messina • Naniwa → Ōsaka
• Mussolinia di Sardegna → Arborea • Ōminatotanabu → Mutsu (1960)
• Mutina → Modena • Ōmiya → Hitachiōmiya (2004)
• Neapolis → Napolis → Napoli (English Naples) • Ōta → Hitachiōta (1954)
• Olbia → Terranova Pausania → Olbia • Ōtsu → Kotsu (672) → Ōtsu (794)
• Panormus → Palermo • Ōtsu → Izumiōtsu (1942)
• Patavium → Padova (English Padua) • Sano → Izumisano (1948)
• Pisae → Pisa • Sayama → Ōsakasayama (1987)
• Placentia → Piacenza • Shinobu → Fukushima (1592)
 13

• Takada → Bungotakada (1954) • Chimkent → Shymkent (Kazakh: Шымкент)

(1993)
• Takada → Yamatotakada (1948)
• Leninsk → Baikonur (Kazakh: Байқоңыр) (1995)
• Takaoka → Hirosaki (1628)
• Ak-Mechet → Fort-Perovsky (1853) → Per-
• Tanabe → Kyōtanabe (1997) ovsk (1858) → Kyzyl-Orda (1925) → Kyzylorda
• Tsudanuma → Narashino (1954) (Kazakh: Қызылорда) (1996)

• Yamato → Higashiyamato (1970) • Alexeyevka → Akkol (Kazakh: Ақкөл) (1997)

• Kustanay → Kostanay (Kazakh: Қостанай) (1997)

46 Jordan • Talas → Aulie-Ata (1856) → Mirzoyan (1936)

→ Jambul (1938) → Zhambyl (1993) → Taraz
(Kazakh: Тараз) (1997)
• Philadelphia → Amman
• Akmolinsk → Tselinograd (1961) → Akmola
(1992) → Astana (Kazakh: Астана) (1998)
47 Kazakhstan
• Aktyubinsk → Aktobe (Kazakh: Ақтөбе) (1999)
See List of renamed cities in Kazakhstan • Ridder → Leningorsk (1941) → Ridder (Kazakh:
Риддер) (2002)
• Yasi → Shavgar (?) → Turkestan (Kazakh:
• Semipalatinsk → Semey (Kazakh: Семей) (2007)
Түркістан) (?)

• Novopetrovskoye → Fort Alexandrovsky (1857) →

Fort-Shevchenko (1939) 48 Kenya
• Ayakoz → Sergiopol (1860) → Ayagoz (Kazakh:
Аягөз) (1939) • Broderick Falls → Webuye

• Aktau → Shevchenko (1964) → Aktau (Kazakh: • Fort Hall → Muranga

Ақтау) (1991) • Thompson Falls → Nyahururu
• Dzharkent → Panfilov (1942) → Zharkent (Kazakh:
Жаркент) (1991)
49 Korea
• Guryev → Atyrau (Kazakh: Атырау) (1991)

• Yaitsk → Uralsk (1775) → Oral (Kazakh: Орал) 49.1 North Korea

(1991)
• Sinuiju → Shingishū → Sinuiju
• Verniy → Alma-Ata (1921) → Almaty (Kazakh:
Алматы) (1992) • Wanggeom-seong → Pyongyang → Seogyeong →
Pyongyang → Heijō → Pyongyang
• Dzhezkazgan → Zhezkazgan (Kazakh: Жезқазған)
(1992) • Wonsanjin → Genzan → Wonsan

• Novy Uzen → Zhanaozen (Kazakh: Жаңаөзен) • Songjin → Kimchaek

(1992)
• Kaesong → Gaeseong
• Ust-Kamennaya → Ust-Kamenogorsk (1868) →
Oskemen (Kazakh: Өскемен) (1992)
49.2 South Korea
• Chu → Shu (Kazakh: Шу) (1992)
• Tamra → Cheju → Jeju
• Yermak → Aksu (Kazakh: Ақсу) (1993)
• Dalgubeol → Taegu → Daegu
• Kokchetav → Kokshetau (Kazakh: Көкшетау)
(1993) • Dongrae → Fusan → Pusan → Busan

• Gavrilovka → Taldy-Kurgan (1920) → Taldykorgan • Duingji-hyeon → Yeongi-hyeon → Jeongi-gun →

(Kazakh: Талдықорған) (1993) Yŏn'gi → Yeongi → Sejong
14
• Gulahwa Usisan → Uhwa → Heungrye-bu →
Gonghwa-hyeon → Ulju → Ulsan
• Hanbat → Taejŏn → Daejeon
• Mujin → Muju → Kwangju → Gwangju
• Hansanju → Hanyang → Hanseong → Gyeongseong
→ Seoul
• Michuhol → Soseong-hyeon → Gyeongwon-bu →
Chemulpo → Inchon → Chemulpo → Inch'ŏn →
Incheon
• Ungjin → Kongju → Gongju
50 Kyrgyzstan
See List of renamed cities in Kyrgyzstan
• Rybachye → Ysyk-Kel (1989) → Balykchy (1992)
• Karakol → Przhevalsk (1889) → Karakol (1921) →
Przhevalsk (1939) → Karakol (1991)
• Pishpek → Frunze (1926) → Bishkek (1991)
51 Laos
• Xiang Dong Xiang Thong → Vientiane (1561) →
Luang Phra Bang (1695)
• Nakhon Kala Champaknaburisi → Nakhon Champa
Nakhaburisi (1713) → Nakhon Champasak (1791)
→ Champasak [Bassac] (1863) → Pakse (1908)
52 Latvia
See List of renamed cities in Latvia
• Stučka → Aizkraukle
• Dünaburg → Borisoglebsk → (1656) → Dünaburg
(1667) → Dvinsk (1893) → Daugavpils (1920)
• Libau → Libava → Liepāja (1917)
• Birži → Madona (1920)
• Windau → Ventspils (parallel use until the 1920s)
• Wenden → Cēsis (parallel use until the 1920s)
• Schrunden → Skrunda (parallel use until the 1920s)
• Stukmaņi → Pļaviņas (parallel use until the 1920s)
• Sasmaka → Valdemārpils (1926)
55 LITHUANIA
• Haynasch → Ainaži (1917)
• Marienburg → Alūksne (~1750)
• Vecauce → Auce (1924)
• Mitau → Mītava → Jelgava (~1860)
• Wolmar → Valmiera (parallel use until the 1920s)
53 Lebanon
• Berytus → Beirut
• Heliopolis → Baalbek
• Sidon → Saida
• Derbly, (W)Ahlia, Mahal(l)ata, Mayza, Kayza,
Athar (Phoenician/ Assyrian) → Tripolis (Greek,
Latin, hence Tripoli) in most modern languages)
→ Atrabulus, Tarablus (al-Sham) Arabic) → Tra-
blusşam (Turkish) → (again) Tripoli
• Tyre → Sur
54 Libya
• Oea → Tripoli
55 Lithuania
See also List of cities and towns in East Prussia See List
of renamed cities in Lithuania
• Georgenburg → Jurbarkas
• Memel → Klaipėda (1923)
• Pašešupys → Starapolė (1736) → Marijampolė
(1758) → Kapsukas (1956) → Marijampolė (1989)
• Šilokarčema → Šilutė (1923)
• Vilkmergė → Ukmergė (1920s)
• Medininkai → Varniai (16th century)
• Sniečkus → Visaginas (1992)
• Duoliebaičiai → Władysławów/Vladislavovas
(1639) → Naumiestis → Kudirkos Naumiestis
(1934)
• Zarasai → Novoalexandrovsk (1836) → Ežerėnai
(1919) → Zarasai (1929)
• Mažeikiai → Muravyov (1899) → Mažeikiai (1918)
 15

56 Macedonia (FYMR) • Sîngerei → (1940 ?) Lazovsk → (1990) Sîngerei

• Șoldănești → (1985) Chernenko → (1988)
• Scupi → Skopje Șoldănești
• Biruința → (1940 ?) Suvorovo → (1990) Ștefan
57 Madagascar Vodă

Villages
• Tananarive → Antananarivo
• Alexandru Ioan Cuza → (1940 ?) Suvorovo →
• Diego Suarez → Antsiranana
(1990s) Alexandru Ioan Cuza
• Tuléar → Toliara • Chișcăreni → (1960 ?) Lazo → (1990) Chișcăreni

58 Malaysia 61 Montenegro
• Jesselton → Kota Kinabalu (1968) • Berane → Ivangrad (1949) → Berane (1992)
• Port Swettenham → Port Klang (1963) • Birziminium → Ribnica → Podgorica (1326) →
Titograd (1946) → Podgorica (1992)
• Victoria → Bandar Labuan
• Jamestown → Bayan Lepas
62 Morocco
• Teluk Anson → Teluk Intan
• Port Weld → Kuala Sepetang • Tingis → Tangier
• Mazagan → El Jadida

59 Mexico
63 Mozambique
• Cajeme → Ciudad Obregón
• Ciudad Real → San Cristobal de las Casas • Lourenço Marques → Maputo (1976)

• Pitic → Hermosillo
• Querétaro → Santiago de Querétaro
64 Myanmar
• San Juan Bautista → Villahermosa • Akyab → Sittwe
• Tenochtitlán → Ciudad de México • Amherst → Kyaikkami

• Valladolid → Morelia • Bassein → Pathein

• Zapotlán → Ciudad Guzmán • Henzada → Hinthada

• Maymyo → Pyin U Lwin
• Moulmein → Mawlamyaing
60 Moldova
• Myohaung → Mrauk U
See List of renamed cities in Moldova • Pagan → Bagan
• Pegu → Bago
• Romanovca → (1960 ?) Basarabeasca
• Prome → Pyay
• Cupcini → (1960 ?) Kalininsk → (1990) Cupcini
• Dagon → Rangoon → Yangon
• Ghindești → (1950 ?) Leninskii → (1990) Ghin-
dești • Sandoway → Thandwe

• Hîncești → (1940) Kotovsk → (1941) Hîncești → • Syriam → Thanlyin

(1944) Kotovsk → (1990) Hîncești • Tavoy → Dawei
• Ialoveni → (1960 ?) Kutuzov → (1990) Ialoveni • Yaunghwe → Nyaung Shwe
16 71 PHILIPPINES

65 Namibia • Pepri →Bin Qasim

• Kalkfontein → Karasburg • Hindu Bagh→Muslim Bagh

• Klipfontein → Bethanie • Ajodhan pur →Pakpattan

• Rowdayana →Swat
66 Netherlands
• Coriovallum → Heerlen 69 Peru
• Noviomagus Batavorum (or Batavodurum) →
• San Pablo de Napeanos → Iquitos
Nimwegen → Nijmegen

• Traiectum → Traiectum ad Mosam → Maastricht

• Traiectum → Ultra Traiectum → Utrecht 70 Paraguay

• 's Gravenhage → Den Haag
• Puerto Flor de Lis → Puerto Presidente Stroessner
• Forum Hadriani → Voorburg → Ciudad del Este

• Ajos → Coronel Oviedo

67 Norway
• Oslo → Christiania → Kristiania →Oslo 71 Philippines
• Kaupangen → Nidaros → Trondhjem → Nidaros →
Main article: List of renamed cities and municipalities
Trondheim
of the Philippines
• Fredrikshald → Halden

• Albay → Legazpi
68 Pakistan
• Cagayan de Misamis → Cagayan de Oro
• Raj Shahi → Islamabad • Capiz → Roxas
• Kolachi→Kalanchi→Karachi
• Cavite La Punta → Cavite Nuevo → Cavite
• Shal Kot →Quetta
• Culiat → Angeles
• Preshapur → Peshawar
• Misamis → Ozamiz
• Mahmood pur →Lahore

• Neroon Kot → Hyderabad (changed - 1768) • Nueva Caceres → Naga

• Lyallpur → Faisalabad (changed - 1977) • Nueva Vergara → Davao

• Nawabshah → Benazirabad (changed - 2008) • Opon → Lapu-Lapu

• Montgomery → Sahiwal (changed - 1966)
• Perez Dasmariñas → Dasmariñas
• Fort Sandeman → Zhob (changed - 30 July 1976)
• Pineda → Pasay
• Shahenshah → Hussain Shah (changed - 2004)
• Polo → Valenzuela
• Khan Pur →Gujranwala
• San Felipe Neri → Mandaluyong
• Khan Garh →Jacobabad

• Salwan Kot→Sialkot • San Juan del Monte → San Juan

• Cambell pur →Attock • San Pedro de Macati → Makati


72 Poland
see also List of cities and towns in East Prussia
• Aleksandrowo → Aleksandrów Pograniczny →
Aleksandrów Kujawski
• Jędrzychów → Andrzychów → Andrychów
• Barcino → Barcin
• Wartberge → Wartenburg → Nowowiejsk2 →
Barczewo
• Brido → Wartha → Bardo
• Neu Berlin → Berlinchen → Barlinek
• Rosenthal → Bartenstein → Bartoszyce
• Barwica → Bärwalde1 → Barwice2
• Biała → Zülz1 → Biała2
• Gajle → Biała → Gehlen1 → Gehlenburg → Biała
Piska2
• Brzegi → Białe Brzegi → Białobrzegi
• Biały Bór → Baldenburg1 → Biały Bór2
• Bielszczany Stok → Białystok
• Biała → Langenbielau1 → Bielawa2
• Lignica → Fürstenwald1 → Beroldestadt → Bern-
stadt → Bierutów2
• Bischofsburg → Biskupiec2
• Strowangen → Bischofstein → Bistein → Bisztynek2
• Błaszkowice → Błaszki
• Richnow → Reichenau1 → Rychwałd2 → Bogatynia
• Gross-Born → Borne Sulinowo2
• Brusseberge → Brunsberg → Braunsberg →
Braniewo2
• Brwinowo → Brwinów
• Wysoki Brzeg → Brieg1 → Brzeg2
• Brzeg → Dyhernfurth → Brzeg Dolny2
• Busk → Busko → Busko Zdrój
• Bydgoszcz → Bromberg → Bydgoszcz2 →
Bromberg → Bydgoszcz2
• Bystrzyce → Habelschwerdt1 → Bystrzyca Kłodzka
• Bytom → Beuthen an der Oder1 → Białobrzezie2 →
Bytom Odrzański
• Łoza → Kulmsee1 → Chełmża2
17
• Freienwalde → Chociwel2
• Konice → Konigesberge1 → Königsberg in der Neu-
mark → Chojna2
• Chorzów → Königshütte1 → Chorzów2
• Arnswalde → Choszczno2
• Tempelburg → Czaplinek2
• Czarne → Hammerstein1 → Czarne2 → Hammer-
stein1 → Czarne2
• Rothenburg → Czerwieńsk2
• Dęblin → Iwanogród → Dęblin
• Dzierzgoń → Neu Christburg1 → Christburg →
Dzierzgoń2
• Reichenbach → Dzierżoniów2
• Łęg → Lyck → Ełk2
• Gdynia → Gdingen → Gdynia → Gotenhafen →
Gdynia
• Gdańsk → Danzig → Gdańsk2
• Nowa Wieś → Lötzen → Giżycko2
• Głogów → Glogau → Głogów2
• Landsberg → Landsberg an der Warthe → Gorzów
Wielkopolski2
• Nowy Włodzisław → Junowłodzisław → In-
owłodzisław → Inowłocław → Inowrocław →
Hohensalza → Inowrocław → Hohensalza →
Inowrocław
• Biała → Janów → Janów Lubelski
• Hirschberg → Jelenia Góra2
• Kattowitz → Katowice → Stalinogród → Katowice
• Wietrzna Góra → Kazimierz → Kazimierz Dolny
• Rast → Rastenburg → Kętrzyn
• Kladsko → Glatz → Kłodzko
• Kołobrzeg → Kolberg → Kołobrzeg2
• Koszalin → Köslin → Koszalin2
• Hurthland → Friedland → Korfantów2
• Lignica → Liegnitz1 → Legnica2
• Łódź → Lodsch → Łódź → Litzmannstadt1 →
Łódź2
• Marienburg → Malbork → Marienburg → Malbork2
• Berenwalde → Bärwalde → Mieszkowice2
18 74 ROMANIA

• Mieńsk → Mińsk → Nowomińsk → Mińsk Ma- 73 Portugal

zowiecki
• Aeminium → Coimbra
• Sensburg → Mrągowo
• Bracara Augusta → Braga
• Florianów → Narol
• Conimbriga → Condeixa-a-Nova (Coimbra)
• Nowe Miasto Korczyn → Nowy Korczyn
• Iebora → Évora
• Margrabowa → Treuburg1 → Olecko2
• Olisipo → Al-Usbuna → Lisbon (Lisboa)
• Pazluk → Hollandt1 → Preußisch Holland →
• Pax Iulia → Beja
Pasłęk2
• Portus Cale → Porto (Oporto) and Vila Nova de
• Piasek → Piaski Luterskie → Piaski Gaia
• Melcekuke → Mehlsack → Pieniężno2 • Sheberina → Serpa

• Pisz → Johannisburg1 → Pisz2 • Sintara → Sintra

• Przemków → Primkenow1 → Primkenau1 → • Villa Euracini (953) → Villa Verazin (1198) →

Przemków2 Póvoa de Varzim (1308)

• Puławy → Nowa Aleksandria → Puławy

74 Romania
• Słupsk → Stolp1 → Słupsk2

• Stettin → Szczecin2 • Axiopolis → Cernavodă

• Abruttus → Abrud
• Ortulfsburg → Ortelsburg → Szczytno2
• Ad Mediam → Băile Herculane
• Rogoźno → Jelitowo → Tomaszów → Tomaszów
Lubelski • Aegyssus → Tulcea

• Waldenberg → Waldenburg → Wałbrzych2 • Ampelum → Zlatna

• Apulum → Bălgrad → Gyulafehérvár → Alba Iulia

• Wejherowska Wola → Neustadt1 → Wejherowo →
Neustadt1 → Wejherowo • Arrubium → Măcin
• Wielka Wieś → Władysławowo • Kronstadt → Brașov → Orașul Stalin → Brașov

• Włodzisław → Włocław → Leslau → Włocławek → • Bucureșci → București (Bucharest)

Leslau → Włocławek2
• Wrocisław → Wrocław → Preßlau1 → Breslau →
Wrocław2
• Zabrze → Hindenburg1 → Zabrze2
• Zawadzki → Andreashütte1 → Zawadzkie2
• Frankenstein → Ząbkowice Śląskie2
• Zielona Góra → Grünberg1 → Zielona Góra2
• 1 Cities in western side that have been changed when
Poland got independence from Austria-Hungary in
1918
• 2 Former German cities during 1918-1939, and be-
came a city in Nazi Germany, and became a Polish
city after 1945.
• Calatis → Mankalya →Mangalia
• Carsium → Hârșova
• Cibinum → Hermannstadt → Nagyszeben → Sibiu
• Dierna → Orșova
• Jassy → Yaş→ Iași
• Marosvásárhely → Târgu Mureș
• Napoca → Klausenburg → Kolozsvár → Cluj →
Cluj-Napoca
• Noviodunum → Isaccea
• Varadinum (Latin) → (Nagy)várad (Magyar) →
Varat (Turkish) → Großwardein (German) →
Oradea Mare (Romanian) → (1925 shortening)
Oradea
 19

• Pelendava → Craiova 78 Singapore

• Porolissum → Zalău • Bukit Panjang → Zhenghua → Bukit Panjang

• Potaissa → Turda • Chan Chu Kang → Nee Soon → Yishun†

• Choa Chu Kang → Chua Chu Kang
• Temesvár → Tamışvar → Temesvár → Timișoara
• Kalang → Kallang
• Tomis → Constanța • Kang Kar → Sengkang

• Drobeta → Turnu Severin → Drobeta-Turnu Sev- • Passier Reis → Pasir Ris

erin
• Peck San → Bishan†
• Pongal → Ponggol → Punggol
75 Russia • Temasek → Singapore
• Westhill → Chong Pang
Main article: List of renamed cities and towns in Russia
See also: List of cities and towns in East Prussia
†Name change in English due to replacement of out-
dated romanization methods with the Pinyin Romaniza-
tion Method. Chinese name unchanged.

76 Serbia
79 Slovakia
• Horreum Margi → Ravno → Ćuprija
• Baťovany → Partizánske
• Veliki Bečkerek → Bečkerek → Petrovgrad → • Besztercebánya → Banská Bystrica
Zrenjanin
• Kaschau, Kassa → Košice
• Jagodina → Svetozarevo → Jagodina • Pressburg, Pozsony → Bratislava

• Kraljevo → Rankovićevo → Kraljevo

80 Slovenia
• Naissus → Niš
• Assling → Jesenice
• Singidunum → Singidon → Beograd (Belgrade)
• Bischofslack → Škofja Loka
• Taurunum → Zemun
• Celeia → Cilli → Celje
• Sirmium → Sremska Mitrovica • Egida → Capris → Justinopolis → Caput Histriae →
Koper/Capodistria
• Užice → Titovo Užice (1946) → Užice (1992)
• Emona → Laibach → Ljubljana
• Vrbas → Titov Vrbas (1983) → Vrbas (1992) • Marburg → Maribor
• Poetovio → Pettau → Ptuj
• Zanes → Pontes → Novi Grad → Fetislam →
Kladovo • Pirano → Piran

• Zaslon → Šabac • Capodistria → Koper

• Portorose → Portorož
• Velenje → Titovo Velenje (1981) → Velenje (1991)
77 Seychelles
• Castra ad fluvium frigidum → Ajdovščina
• Mahé (as the main island) → (1778) Victoria • Atrans → Trojane
20 82 SPAIN

81 South Africa • Umtata → Mthatha (2004)

• Verwoerdburg → Centurion (1994)

This section of the article can be expanded
with material from the corresponding page in
Afrikaans Wikipedia - but there 'voorgestel'
means the name change is merely proposed,
not executed
• Warmbad/Warmbaths → Bela-Bela (2002)*[7]
• Waterval Boven → Emgwenya (2009)[2] *
• Witbank → eMalahleni (2006)

Main article: Renaming in South Africa

82 Spain
Although many name changes have taken place officially
since 1994, the previous names are still common in use, • Abula → Ávila
especially by the white communities (* means that all or
some road signs still print the former name). This list • Acci → Guadix
doesn't include unofficially or proposed name changes
• Astigi → Écija
such as Pretoria to Tshwane.
• Aurariola → Orihuela
81.1 Pre 1994 • Augusta Emerita → Mérida

• Albertsburg → Prince Albert (1845) • Azaña → Numancia de la Sagra (1936, by enemies

of Manuel Azaña).
• McHattiesburg → Balfour (1905)
• Barcino → Barcino Nova → Barcelona
• Port Natal → Durban
• Basti → Baza
• Treurfontein → Coligny (1923)
• Bayona de Tajuña → Titulcia (since the owner did
not want to remind Ferdinand VII of Spain of his
81.2 Post 1994 captivity at Bayonne)

• Belfast → eMakhazeni (2009) [2] * • Brigantium → Caronium → Corunna → La Coruña

• Bisho → Bhisho (2004)
• Butterworth → Gcuwa*
• Duiwelskloof → Modjadjiskloof (2004)[3]
• Ellisras → Lephalale (2002)
• Louis Trichardt → Makhado → Louis Trichardt
(name change reverted)*[4]
• Machadodorp → eNtokozweni (2009)[2] *
• Malelane → Malalane (2007)*
• Messina → Musina (2003)
• Naboomspruit → Mookgophong (2006)
• Nelspruit → Mbombela[2][5] (2009, however Nel-
spruit was used during the 2010 FIFA World Cup)*
→ A Coruña
• Colonia Caecilia Metellinum → Medellín
• Colonia Iulia Romula → Hispalis → Isbilia → Seville
(Sevilla)
• Colonia Norba Caesarina → Norba → Cáceres
• Colonia Patricia → Corduba → Qurtuba → Córdoba
• Complutum → Alcalá de Henares
• Dertosa → Tortosa
• Dianinum → Daniyya → Denia → Dénia
• Egara → Terrassa
• Ferrol → El Ferrol del Caudillo → Ferrol
• Fuenterrabía → Hondarribia

• Nylstroom → Modimolle (2002)[6] • Gadir → Gades → Cádiz

• Phalaborwa → BaPhalaborwa* • Gasteiz → Nueva Victoria → Vitoria-Gasteiz

• Pietersburg → Polokwane (2005) • Guernica → Guernica y Luno → Gernika-Lumo

• Potgietersrus → Mokopane (2003) • Guecho → Getxo

• Stanger → KwaDukuza (2006)* • Gerunda → Gerona → Girona

 21

• Ilerda → Lérida → Lleida 85 Switzerland

• Illice → Elche/Elx
• Augusta Raurica → Kaiseraugst
• Legio → León
• Aventicum → Wiflispurg → Avenches
• Lejona → Leioa
• Eburodunum → Yverdon-les-Bains
• Lucentum → Laquant → Alicante/Alacant
• Lousonna → Lausanne
• Lucus Augusti → Lugo
• Mainake → Malaca → Málaga • Minnodunum → Moudon

• Mahón → Maó • Octodurus → Martigny

• Onuba → Huelva • Turicum → Zürich

• Pompaelo → Pamplona • Brenno***(durum?) → Bern

• Qart Hadast → Carthago Nova → Cartagena
• Quintanilla → Quintanilla de Onésimo 86 Syria
• Saguntum → Murviedro/Morvedre →
Sagunto/Sagunt • Aleppo → Beroea → Halab

• Salduba → Caesaraugusta → Saraqusta → Zaragoza • Balanea (Greek, Latin) → Baniyas (Arabic)

• Sos → Sos del Rey Católico • Emesa → Homs

• Helmantica → Salamantica → Salamanca • (H)Amat(h)(a) (Aramean, Assyrian) → Epiphania

→ Epiphania, Emath(oùs) (Greek) → Hamath →
• Tarraco → Tarraco Nova → Tarragona Hama
• Toletum → Tulaytula → Toledo
• Laodicea ad Mare → Latakia
• Valentia → Balansiyya → Valencia/València
• Palmyra → Tadmor
• Villa Real → Ciudad Real
• Rasaappa, Rasappa, and Rasapi (Akadian) →
• Xera → Ceret → Xerez → Xerez de la Frontera → Sergiopolis → Anastasiopolis (Greek & Latin) →
Jerez de la Frontera Risapa, Rosafa (Latin) → Resafa (Arabic)

83 Swaziland 87 Taiwan
• Bremersdorp → Manzini (1960) • Quemoy → Kinmen† → Jinmen
• Buffelspruit → Mhlambanyatsi • Tamsui† → Danshuei
• Goedgegun → Nhlangano • Sindian† → Xindian
• Havelock Mine → Bulembu
†Name change in English due to replacement of out-
dated romanization methods with the Pinyin Romaniza-
84 Sweden tion Method. Chinese name unchanged.

• Bogesund → Ulricehamn
• Bro → Christinehamn → Kristinehamn
88 Tajikistan
• Malmhaugar → Malmö See List of renamed cities in Tajikistan
• Tuna → Eskilstuna → Carl Gustafs stad →
Eskilstuna • Dushanbe → Stalinabad (1929) → Dushanbe (1961)

• Westra Aros → Wæstaros → Västerås • Khodjend → Leninabad (1939) → Khujand (1991)

• Östra Aros → Upsala → Uppsala • Kurgan-Tyube → Qurghonteppa
22 92 TURKMENISTAN

• Sovietabad → Ghafurov (1978) • Gawar → Yüksekova

• Ura-Tyube → Istaravshan (2001) • Hadrianopolis/Adrianople → Edirne
• Yangi-Bazar → Orjonikidzeabad (1936) → Qo-
farnihon (1992) → Vahdat (2003) • Halikarnassos → Halicarnassus → Petronium
→Bodrum

• Iconium → Konya
89 Tanzania
• Kyzikos → Cyzicus → Kizikos
• Bismarckburg → Kasanga
• Magnesia → Manisa
• Tabora → Weidmannsheil → Tabora
• Mazaca → Caesarea Mazaca → Kayseri

90 Thailand • Melitene → Malatya

• Ayothaya → Ayutthaya (1237) • Mylasa -> Milas

• Bangkok → Phra Nakhon (1782) → Krung Thep • Nikaia → Nicaea → İznik

(1972)
• Trat → Trach → Trat (1906) • Nicomedia → İznikmid → İzmit

• Pergamon → Pergamum → Bergama

91 Turkey • Sinope → Sinop

Main article: Geographical name changes in Turkey • Smyrna → İzmir

• Theodosiopolis → Kalikala→ Erzurum

Many cities were founded by the Ancient Anatolians
and Greeks or their contemporaries, and renamed as La-
• Tralles → Güzelhisar → Aydın
tinized by the Romans, and later again by Muslim Turks
(in most cases Turkified speech)
• Trapezon → Trapezus → Trebizond → Trabzon

• Alexandretta → İskenderun
• Amida → Diyar-ı Bekr → Diyarbekir → Diyarbakır 92 Turkmenistan
• Amisus → Samsun
See List of renamed cities in Turkmenistan
• Ancyra → Angora → Ankara
• Antiocheia -> Antiochia/Antioch → Antakya • Bekdaş → Garabogaz
• Archelais -> Aksaray • Charjuy → Leninsk (1924) → Charjuy = Charjou =
• Attalia → Attalea → Adalia → Antalya Çarjew (1927) → Turkmenabat (1999)

• Bythinion/Bythinium → Claudiopolis → Bolu • Çeleken → Hazar

• Byzantion → Byzantium → • Gazanjyk → Bereket
Constantinopolis/Constantinople → Konstantiniyye
→ Istanbul • Gyzyl-arbat → Serdar (city)
• Chalkedon → Chalcedon → Kadıköy
• Krasnovodsk → Turkmenbashi (1993)
• Cius → Prusa → Bursa
• Kushka = Guşgy → Serhetabat
• Dorylaeum -> Eskişehir
• Edessa → Urfa → Sanli Urfa (Şanlıurfa) • Nebit-dag → Balkanabat

• Ephesos → Ephesus -> Efes • Poltoratsk → Ashgabat

 23

93 Ukraine • Aqyar → Sevastopol (1826; also: Sebastopol)

• Otuz → Shchebetovka (1944)

See List of renamed cities in Ukraine
• Aqmescit → Simferopol (1784)
Crimea • Dolossı → Sovietske

• Aluston → Lusta → Aluşta → Alushta (1784) • İçki → Sovietsky (1944)

• Ermeni Bazar → Armyanskiy Bazar (1786) → • Eski Qırım → Staryi Krym (1783)
Armyansk (1921)
• Sudaq → Sudak (1784)
• Karasubazar → Bilohirsk (1944)
Zaporizhia
• Aqmeçit → Chornomorske (1944)
• Canköy → Dzhankoy (1784) • Alexandrovsk → Zaporizhia (1921)
• Kerkinitis → Kezlev (7th century) → Gözleve →
Yevpatoria (1784) Luhansk

• Theodosia → Ardabda → Kafas → Caffa → Kefe • Yuryevka → Alchevsk (1903) → Voroshylovsk

(1475) → Feodosiya (1784) (1931) → Voroshylovsk/Alchevsk (1957) → Komu-
• Sarabuz → Hvardiyske (1944) narsk (1961) → Alchevsk (1991)

• Inkerman → Belokamensk (1976) → Inkerman • Izium → Almaznaya (1878) → Almazna (1977)

(1991)
• Bokovo-Antratsyt → Antratsyt (1962)
• Panticapaeum → Bosporus → Korchev →
• Yekaterinovka → Artem (1923) → Artemivsk
Vosporo/Cerchio → Kerch
(1938)
• İslâm Terek → Kirovske (1944)
• Gorskoye → Hirske (1938)
• Kurman-Kumelĉi → Krasnohvardiyske (1944)
• Golubyevskiy Rudnik → Kirovsk (1962)
• Qızıltaş → Krasnokamianka (1945)
• Sorokino → Krasnodon (1938)
• Aşağı Otuz → Prymorye (1945) → Kurortne (1978)
• Kryndachiovka → Krasnyi Luch (1920)
• Albat → Kuybysheve (1945)
• Lugansk → Voroshylovhrad (1935) → Luhansk
• Yedi Quyu → Sem Kolodezey (1784) → Lenine (1958) → Voroshylovhrad (1970) → Luhansk
(1957) (1990)

• Seyitler → Nyzhniohirsk (1944) • Aleksandrovka → Petro-Maryevka (1865) →

Pervomaisk (1920)
• Büyük Onlar → Oktiabrske (1945)
• Kadiyevka → Sergo (1937) → Kadiivka (1940) →
• Kaygador → Provalnoe → Dvoyakornoe → Bub- Stakhanov (1978)
novka → Ordjonikidze (1937)
• Yañı Küçükköy → Parkove Odessa
• Or Qapı → Perekop (1736)
• Ophiusa → Asperon → Moncastro → Akker-
• Curçı → Pervomaiske (1944) man (1503) → Cetatea Albă (1918) → Bilhorod-
Dnistrovsky (1944)
• Aşağı Kikineiz → Ponyzivka
• Buh Khutirs → Illichivsk (1952) → Chornomorsk
• Bazarçıq → Poshtove (1945) (2016)
• Hafuz → Yuzhnaya Tochka (1938) → Primosrky • Birzula → Kotovsk (1935)
(1952)
• Hacibey → Odessa (1794)
• Aqşeyh → Rozdolne (1944)
• Saq → Saky (1784) Mykolaiv
24
• Fedorivka → Fiodorovka (1776) → Novaya Odessa
(1832) → Nova Odesa (1989)
• Kara Kerman → Özi → Ochakov (1792) → Ochakiv
(1989)
• Orlyk → Orlovsky sconce (1743) → Yekaterinsky
Volyn
sconce (1770) → Olviopol (1781) → Pervomaisk
(1919)
• Lutsk → Luchesk (1427) → Łuck (1569) → Lutsk
• Kostiantynivka-2 → Yuzhnoukrainsk (1987)
Donetsk
• Bakhmut → Artemivsk (1924) → Bakhmut (2016)
• Nelepovy → Artemove (1921)
• Yuzovka → Trotsk (1924) → Stalino (1924) →
Donetsk (1961)
• Nova Khrestovka → Kirovske (1958)
• Karakybbud → Komsomolske (1949)
• Grishyno → Postysheve → Krasnoarmiisk (1938)
• Dmitriyevsk → Makiivka (1931)
• Mariupol → Zhdanov (1948) → Mariupol (1989)
• Karlo-Libknekhtovsk → Soledar (1991)
• Bannoe → Banne (1929) → Bannovske (1938) →
Slovianohirsk (1964) → Sviatohirsk (2003)
• Tor → Sloviansk (1784)
Dnipropetrovsk
• Kamyanske → Dniprodzerzhynsk (1936)
• Yekaterinoslav → Novorossiysk (1797) → Yekateri-
noslav (1802) → Dnipropetrovsk (Dnepropetrovsk;
1926)
• Mykytyne → Slovyanske (1775) → Nikopol (1781)
• Samara → Novomoskovsk (1782)
• Shakhtarske → Pershotravensk (1960)
Kharkiv
• Konstantingrad → Krasnohrad (1922)
• Lykhachove → Pervomaiskyi (1952)
• Zmiiv → Zmeyev (1656) → Hotvald (1976) →
Zmiiv (1990)
Lviv
94 UNITED KINGDOM
• Lviv → Lwów (1356) → Lemberg (1772) → Lwów
(1918) → Lviv (1939)
• Żółkiew (until 1939) → Zhovkva → Nesterov
(1951) → Zhovkva (1992)
(1795) → Mikhailogorod (1850) → Luck (1915) →
Łuck (1919) → Lutsk (1939)
Khmelnytsky
• Proskurov → Khmelnytskyi (1954)
Ivano-Frankivsk
• Stanisławów → Stanislaviv (1939) → Ivano-
Frankivsk (1962)
Ternopil
• Tarnopol → Ternopil (1939)
Uzhhorod
• Ungvar (1248) → Užhorod (1919) → Ungvar (1938)
→ Uzhhorod (1944)
Kirovohrad
• Yelizavetgrad (1784) → Zinovyevsk (1924) →
Kirovo (1934) → Kirovohrad (1939)
Kherson
• Chapli → Askania (1828) → Askania Nova (1835)
• Oleshky → Alioshki (1802) → Tsiurupynsk (1928)
• Ali-Agok → Skadovskoye (1894) → Skadovsk
(1933)
• Holy → Golaya Pristan (1786) → Hola Prystan
(1923)
• Geniczi → Genichesk (1784) → Henichesk (1923)
94 United Kingdom
94.1 England
• Beeston → Beeston Regis (1399)
• Bognor → Bognor Regis (1929)
94.3 Northern Ireland 25

• Camulodunon (Celtic) → Camulodunum/Colonia 94.3 Northern Ireland

Claudia Victricensis (Roman) → Colneceastre
(10th) → Colchester • Ballinascreen → Draperstown (1818)

• Celmeresfort → Chelmsford (1189) • Cromlin → Hillsborough (1661)

• Duroliponte (Roman) → Grantebrycge (9th) → • Derry → Londonderry (1613)

Cantabrigia (16th) → Cambridge
• Legacorry → Richhill (c.1760)
• Eboracum/Eburacum → Eoforwic (7th century) →
• Lisnagarvy → Lisburn (1662)
Jórvík (c.866) → York
• Muff → Eglinton (1858)
• Leamington Priors → Royal Leamington Spa (1838)

• Londinium → Lundenwic → London

95 United States
• Lyme → Lyme Regis (1284)

• Lynn → King’s Lynn (16th century) 95.1 Alaska

• Monkchester → Newcastle upon Tyne (1080s) • Novoarkhangelsk → Sitka
• Staines → Staines-upon-Thames (2012)

• Tunbridge Wells → Royal Tunbridge Wells (1909)

95.2 Arizona

• Wootton Bassett → Royal Wootton Bassett (2011) • Swilling’s Mill → Hellinwg Mill → Mill City → East
Phoenix → Phoenix

94.2 Scotland
95.3 California
• Achadh a' Chuirn → Waterloo
• Nordoff → Ojai
• Ardencaple → Helensburgh
• Todos Santos → Concord
• Cadȝow → Hamilton (15th century)
• Tuleburg → Stockton
• Cartleyhole/Clarty Hole → Abbotsford
• Wineville → Mira Loma
• Conveth → Laurencekirk
• Yerba Buena → San Francisco
• Dunedin (and variants) → Edinburgh • El Pueblo de Nuestra Senora la Reina de los Angeles
• Friock → Friockheim de la Porciuncula → Los Angeles

• Hamnavoe → Stromness
95.4 Colorado
• Kiliwhimin → Fort Augustus (18th century)
• Fletcher → Aurora
• Kilrule/Kilrymont → St Andrews

• Maryburgh → Gordonsburgh → Duncansburgh → 95.5 Connecticut

Fort William
• Conway → Portland
• Navermouth (Am Blàran Odhar) → Bettyhill
• East Middletown → Chatham → East Hampton
• Newark → Port Glasgow (1775)
• Fort Hoop → Newtowne → Hartford
• Obbe → Leverburgh (1920)
• Mattianuck → Dorchester → Windsor
• St John’s Toun/St Johnstone → Perth (the old name
is retained in the local football club) • Mettabasett → Middletown
• Milton of Strathbogie → Huntly • Orford Parish → Manchester

• Vale of Leven → Alexandria • Pyquag → Wethersfield

26 95 UNITED STATES

• Saybrooke Colony → Saybrook → Deep River 95.13 Massachusetts

• Southfield → Suthfield → Suffield • Agawam Plantation → Springfield

• Ireland Parish → Ireland → Holyoke
• Wintonbury → Bloomfield
• Cold Spring → Belcher’s Town → Belchertown
• West Division of Hartford → West Hartford
• Gay Head → Aquinnah
• Glasgow → Blandford
95.6 Delaware
• Manchester → Manchester-by-the-Sea
• Fort Casimir → Fort Trefaldighet → New Amstel →
• Menotomy → Arlington
New Castle
• Minnechaug → South Wilbraham → Hampden
• Fort Christina → Fort Altena → Wilmington
• Quaboage → Quaboag → Brookfield
• Zwaanendael → Lewes
• Shawmut → Boston
• Stony Hill → Ludlow
95.7 Florida

• Alligator → Lake City

95.14 Michigan
• Avon Township → Rochester Hills, Michigan
• Cowford → Jacksonville
• Berlin → Marne
• Jernigan → Orlando
• East Detroit → Eastpointe
• Saint Petersburg Beach → St. Pete Beach • Fort Pontchartrain du Détroit → Detroit
• Harlow → Hog’s Hallow → McDouglasville → Utica
95.8 Georgia • Jefferson → Sterling Heights
• Terminus → Marthasville → Atlanta • Swainsville → Brooklyn

95.9 Illinois 95.15 Minnesota

• Pig’s Eye → St. Paul
• Charleston → St. Charles

• Fort Dearborn → Chicago 95.16 Nebraska

• Lancaster → Lincoln
95.10 Iowa
95.17 New Hampshire
• Valley Junction → West Des Moines Both of these
cities exist now • Derryfield → Manchester
• Hilton’s Pointe → Cochecho → Northam → Dover
95.11 Louisiana
• Nashuway → Nashville → Nashua
• Vermilionville → Lafayette • Number Two → Middle Monadnock → Monadnock
→ Jaffrey
• Nutfield → Londonderry
95.12 Maryland
• Plantation of Penney Cook → Penney Cook → Pen-
• Providence → Anne Arundel Towne → Annapolis nacook → Rumford → Concord
95.22 Ohio 27

• Piscatiqua → Strawberry Hill → Portsmouth 95.22 Ohio

• Suncook → Pembroke • Cleaveland → Cleveland
• Winnacunnet → Hampton • Gamble’s Mill → Shelby
• Losantiville → Cincinnati
95.18 New Jersey • Sellstown → Dublin
• Awiehawken → Weehawken

• Bergen → Jersey City 95.23 Oregon

• Fort Nassau → Gloucester City • Marysville → Corvallis

• Hunt’s Mills → Clinton

95.24 Pennsylvania
• Nya Stockholm → Bridgeport
• Ammansland → Darby
• Sodon → Glen Gardner
• Chamassungh → Finlandia → Marcus Hook
• Sveaborg → Swedesboro
• Cross Keys → Intercourse
• West Paterson→ Woodland Park
• Fort Duquesne → Fort Pitt → Pittsburgh → Pittsburg
→ Pittsburgh
95.19 New Mexico
• Mauch Chunk → Jim Thorpe
• Alburquerque → Albuquerque • Mölndal → Yeadon
• Hot Springs → Truth or Consequences • Northampton → Allentown
• Printztorp → Chester
95.20 New York
• Tequirassy → Eddystone
• Beverwijck → Albany • Upland → Chester
• Breuckelen → Brooklyn (borough of New York
City)
95.25 Rhode Island
• Fort Nassau → Fort Orange → Albany → Willem-
stad → Albany • Gloucester → Glocester

• Heemstede → Hempstead • Haversham → Westerly

• Kings Towne → Kingstown → Rochester → North
• New Amsterdam → New York → New Orange →
Kingston
New York City
• Shawomet → Warwick
• North Tarrytown → Sleepy Hollow

• Sing Sing → Ossining, New York

95.26 South Carolina
• Staaten Eylandt → Staten Island (borough of New
York City) • Charles Towne → Charleston

• Wiltwyck → Kingston, • Kingston → Conwayborough → Conway

• Tacapua → Startex
95.21 North Carolina
95.27 Tennessee
• Atkins Bank → Kingston → Kinston → Caswell →
Kinston • Alexandria → Jackson
• Campbellton + Cross Creek → Fayetteville • Fort Nashborough → Nashville
• Wachau → Salem → Winston-Salem • Coal Creek → Lake City → Rocky Top
28 100 SOURCES AND REFERENCES

95.28 Texas 98 Vietnam

• Clark → DISH
• Tourane → Đà Nẵng
• Gorbit → Kit → Irving[8]
• Tống Bình → Long Đỗ → Đại La → Thăng Long
• Waterloo → Austin[9] → Đông Đô → Đông Kinh → Bắc Thành → Thăng
Long → Hà Nội (Hanoi)
• Dechman → Deckman → Grand Prairie
• Hai Pho → Faifo → Hội An
• Emerson → Frisco City → Frisco[10]
• Prey Nokor → Gia Định → Saigon → Thành Phố
• Duncan Switch → Duncanville[11]
Hồ Chí Minh (Ho Chi Minh City)
• Presidio San Antonio de Bexar → San Antonio[12]
• Phu Xuan → Huế
• Ke Van → Ke Vinh → Vinh Giang → Vinh Doanh
95.29 Utah → Vinh Thi → Vinh
• Great Salt Lake City → Salt Lake City

99 Zimbabwe (all 1982)

95.30 Vermont
• Enkeldoorn → Chivhu
• Brattleborough → Brattleboro
• Essexvale → Esigodini

95.31 Virginia • Fort Victoria → Masvingo (briefly called Nyanda)

• Gatooma → Kadoma
Kecoughtan → Hampton
• Gwelo → Gweru
95.32 Washington • Hartley → Chegutu

• Neppel → Moses Lake • Marandellas → Marondera

• Matopos → Matobo
95.33 Wisconsin • Melsetter → Chimanimani
• Prairieville → Waukesha • Que Que → Kwekwe
• Salisbury → Harare
96 Uzbekistan • Selukwe → Shurugwi
• Shabani → Zvishavane
See List of renamed cities in Uzbekistan
• Sinoia → Chinhoyi
• Karmine → Navoiy (1958)
• Umtali → Mutare
• Rishdan → Kuybishevo → Rishtan (1977)
• Wankie → Hwange
• Leninsk → Asaka (1938)
• Maracanda → Samarqand
100 Sources and references
• Novy Margelan → Skobelev (1910) → Farg'ona
(1924)
(incomplete)
• Qarabagish → Sovetobod (1972) → Xonobod
• This article incorporates text from a publication now
in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed.
97 Venezuela (1913). "article name needed ". Catholic Encyclopedia.
New York: Robert Appleton.
• Angostura → Ciudad Bolívar (1846)
• Westermann, Großer Atlas zur Weltgeschichte (in
• Santiago de León de Caracas → Caracas German)
 29

• City of Melbourne Web site [13]

• Ballarat history [14]

• Of Bangalore, Bengaluru and Belagavi [15]

• “Pandektis: Name Changes of Settlements in

Greece”. Archived from the original on 10 March
2009. Retrieved 2009-04-27. List compiled by the
(Greek) National Documentation Centre (EKT)

[1] http://www.collingwood.ca/node/230

[2] Town name changes in Mpumalanga (Unknown),

News24, October 2009, retrieved 14 August 2010

[3] www.sa-venues.com - Bottom paragraph states that the

town was renamed in 2004.

[4] Road signs still point to the town as 'Makhado' despite the
name being officially reverted

[5] http://www.sabcnews.co.za/
portal/site/SABCNews/menuitem.
5c4f8fe7ee929f602ea12ea1674daeb9/?vgnextoid=
c1ef6134bbc54210VgnVCM10000077d4ea9bRCRD&
vgnextfmt=default

[6] “Official South African Geographical Names System”.

South African Department of Arts and Culture. 2002-
06-14. Retrieved 2012-01-11.

[7] Signs are mixed, some say Bela-Bela, some say Warm-
baths

[8] City of Irving - Irving Archives http://www.cityofirving.

org/1993/Between-the-Forks. Missing or empty |title=
(help)

[9] Patoski, Joe Nick “It’s Just Different Here”, Preservation,

July/August 2010, page 38

[10] • Jasinski, Laurie E. (September 1, 2006) “Frisco,

Texas.”

[11] “Handbook of Texas”. Tshaonline.org. 2013-08-11. Re-

trieved 2013-08-29.

[12] Spanish Texas, Texas State Historical Society: The Hand-

book of Texas Online

[13] http://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/info.cfm?top=52&
pg=703

[14] http://www.ballarat.com/history.htm

[15] http://www.rediff.com/news/2008/feb/20name.htm

101 See also

• List of administrative division name changes

• Neighborhood rebranding in New York City

Interesting Stories about Cities Changing Names

30 102 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

102 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

102.1 Text
• List of city name changes Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_city_name_changes?oldid=717531379 Contributors: Deb, Space
Cadet, Edward, Gabbe, Jimfbleak, Bogdangiusca, Jiang, GCarty, John K, Zoicon5, Imc, Qertis, Hajor, Owen, Carlossuarez46, Bearcat,
Juro, Dale Arnett, Altenmann, PedroPVZ, Flauto Dolce, JB82, DHN, Decumanus, Elf, Nichalp, CComMack, Brequinda, DO'Neil,
Ezhiki, Matthead, Gzornenplatz, Pne, Fuzzy Logic, Danny Rathjens, Kusunose, Emax, Mzajac, Maximaximax, Huaiwei, Jcw69, Mag-
num1, Canterbury Tail, Rich Farmbrough, Naive cynic, Parishan, Quiensabe, Flapdragon, Pc13, Violetriga, CanisRufus, Kwamikagami,
Dinsdagskind, Markussep, RobNS, Circeus, Cmdrjameson, Man vyi, Hintha, Anthony Appleyard, Iris lorain, Pedro Aguiar, Burwellian,
Dhartung, Benson85, Saga City, Jon Cates, Kazvorpal, Kitch, N0thingness, Sam Vimes, PANONIAN, Angr, Woohookitty, RHaworth,
ScottDavis, Alanmak, Apokrif, GregorB, Cartman02au, LimoWreck, Revas, BD2412, John Anderson, Rjwilmsi, Twrist, Gryffindor, Miss-
marple, Attitude2000, Compmary, Czalex, Vclaw, MacRusgail, Jeff02, Lemuel Gulliver, Bgwhite, Gths, Vmenkov, Wavelength, Elapsed,
Spleodrach, RussBot, Kauffner, Tresckow, DanMS, Keithgreer, Doctor Whom, Grafen, Kubura, Renata3, Shultz, Aldux, Supten, De-
nis C., Zello, Codrinb, Pyeknu, CapPixel, Ahonc, Fastifex, SmackBot, Herostratus, AndreasJS, Kintetsubuffalo, Yamaguchi , Bricks
J. Winzer, DStoykov, Colonies Chris, Royboycrashfan, Penrithguy, New World Man, Rarelibra, Larsnyg~enwiki, Bejnar, Clickety-
clack, BozoTheScary, Dr Sachs, Mukadderat, BrownHairedGirl, NotMuchToSay, Kevmin, Watertroll, Kransky, Archangel127, Hvn0413,
Skinsmoke, DabMachine, Mijotoba, InfernoXV, ShakespeareFan00, Filiep, Acong, ShelfSkewed, Ken Gallager, Shultz IV, Janibek and
Kerey, Walgamanus, JamesAM, Barticus88, Biruitorul, Ramananrv123, Nick Number, Widefox, Euratlas, Kbthompson, Fayenatic london,
Spartaz, MikeLynch, Sluzzelin, DuncanHill, Speculoos, Geniac, MJD86, HLT, Jvlander02, JaGa, Baristarim, Hellerick, Drm310, Adriaan,
EtienneDolet, R'n'B, VirtualDelight, DandyDan2007, Adavidb, Zlt60, Koven.rm, Svitzrh, Coppertwig, Ahuskay, Fair Alienor, Nomi887,
AndreasJSbot, Dcraig9, Historiographer, Peyerk, Davehi1, Asarlaí, Kaktus999, NVO, Aymatth2, Predavatel, Pounder2, Kushimi, Qbk711,
Antipoeten, BotMultichill, Tubs uk, Fratrep, Tesi1700, Sphilbrick, Matt76dc00, Hooiwind, EmanWilm, Scroch, Martarius, Purple74,
Niceguyedc, Cfsenel, Kensplanet, Naveenswiki, Muhandes, Sun Creator, Certes, Lambtron, Smarkflea, Sonty567, SilvonenBot, Tameam-
seo, Addbot, Warrenski, Atethnekos, Ben Bezuidenhout, Neodop, Download, Favonian, Tassedethe, Mao Zaluchi~enwiki, Yobot, Dide14,
Gaga.vaa, LlywelynII, Ulric1313, Materialscientist, TELane, Obersachsebot, Xqbot, Ssola, JimVC3, Bihco, Ulf Heinsohn, TakenakaN,
Rangond, Urprakhar, Biomoneo, Aviadi21, Lycaon83, FrescoBot, Naru12333, DivineAlpha, SpacemanSpiff, I dream of horses, Moon-
raker, RN Latvian31, Grenix, Aoidh, Underlying lk, John of Reading, WikitanvirBot, AmericanLeMans, Aiaiaiaiaia, Tajmern, Midas02,
Idh0854, H3llBot, ZomgPancakes, Jamesconradshea, Xiaoyu of Yuxi, Brigade Piron, Koolkat1573, TYelliot, ClueBot NG, Madreselva,
Widr, Preacher lad, IgnorantArmies, The Banner Turbo, Schwab7000, TheGeneralUser, Yerevantsi, Ales sandro, Xmunxmun, DPL bot,
Daxonflynn, BattyBot, Pratyya Ghosh, Mrt3366, Cyberbot II, Karmyx, RioHondo, Amey777, Darth Jor-El, Alan Fan Pei, Baldaquino,
Jodosma, Phillip5656, Lionsdude148, MacedoniaisMacedonia, Szqecs, Meganesia, A6tf3t, Monkbot, MichaelJAH, Vieque, Razumukhin,
Gf95750, Leobold111, Tasty love salad, Qzd, Aaron Moh. and Anonymous: 238

102.2 Images
• File:Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg License: CC0
Contributors: http://openclipart.org/detail/24112/flag-of-afghanistan-by-anonymous-24112 Original artist:
• User:Zscout370
• File:Flag_of_Albania.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg License: Public domain
Contributors: ? Original artist: ?
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Contributors: SVG implementation of the 63-145 Algerian law "on Characteristics of the Algerian national emblem" ("Caractéristiques du
Drapeau Algérien", in English). Original artist: This graphic was originaly drawn by User:SKopp.
• File:Flag_of_Angola.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg License: Public domain
Contributors: Drawn by User:SKopp Original artist: User:SKopp
• File:Flag_of_Argentina.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg License: Public do-
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of Argentina
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tributors: ? Original artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg License: Public
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artist: SKopp and others
• File:Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg License: Public
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• File:Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_
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• File:Flag_of_Brazil.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg License: PD Contributors: ? Origi-
nal artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Brunei.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg License: CC0 Contribu-
tors: From the Open Clip Art website. Original artist: User:Nightstallion
102.2 Images 31

• File:Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg License: Public do-

main Contributors: The flag of Bulgaria. The colors are specified at http://www.government.bg/cgi-bin/e-cms/vis/vis.pl?s=001&p=0034&
n=000005&g= as: Original artist: SKopp
• File:Flag_of_Canada.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg License: PD Contributors: ?
Original artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Chad.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg License: Public domain Con-
tributors: Quelle · Fonto: http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/td.html Original artist: SKopp & others (see upload log)
• File:Flag_of_Colombia.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg License: Public do-
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R-41, Minestrone, Lupo, Zscout370,
<a href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:MaGa' title='User:MaGa'>Ma</a><a href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:
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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Croatian_squares_Ljubicic.png/23px-Croatian_squares_Ljubicic.png 1.5x,
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talk:MaGa'>Ga</a> (based on Decision of the Parliament)
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From the Open Clip Art website. Original artist: Open Clip Art
• File:Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg
License: CC0 Contributors: ? Original artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Estonia.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg License: Public domain
Contributors: http://www.riigikantselei.ee/?id=73847 Original artist: Originally drawn by User:SKopp. Blue colour changed by User:PeepP
to match the image at [1].
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• File:Flag_of_France.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg License: PD Contributors: ? Orig-
inal artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Georgia.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg License: Public domain
Contributors: Own work based on File:Brdzanebuleba 31.pdf Original artist: User:SKopp
• File:Flag_of_Germany.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg License: PD Contributors: ?
Original artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Greece.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg License: Public domain
Contributors: own code Original artist: (of code) cs:User:-xfi- (talk)
• File:Flag_of_Guyana.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg License: Public domain
Contributors: ? Original artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg License: Public
domain Contributors: http://www.protocol.gov.hk/flags/chi/r_flag/index.html Original artist: Tao Ho
• File:Flag_of_Hungary.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg License: Public do-
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• Flags of the World – Hungary Original artist: SKopp
• File:Flag_of_India.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg License: Public domain Contributors:
? Original artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Indonesia.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg License: Public do-
main Contributors: Law: s:id:Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 24 Tahun 2009 (http://badanbahasa.kemdiknas.go.id/
lamanbahasa/sites/default/files/UU_2009_24.pdf) Original artist: Drawn by User:SKopp, rewritten by User:Gabbe
• File:Flag_of_Iran.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg License: Public domain Contrib-
utors: URL http://www.isiri.org/portal/files/std/1.htm and an English translation / interpretation at URL http://flagspot.net/flags/ir'.html
Original artist: Various
• File:Flag_of_Ireland.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg License: Public domain
Contributors: Drawn by User:SKopp Original artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Israel.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg License: Public domain Con-
tributors: http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/History/Modern%20History/Israel%20at%2050/The%20Flag%20and%20the%20Emblem Origi-
nal artist: “The Provisional Council of State Proclamation of the Flag of the State of Israel” of 25 Tishrei 5709 (28 October 1948) provides
the official specification for the design of the Israeli flag.
• File:Flag_of_Italy.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg License: PD Contributors: ? Original
artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Japan.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg License: PD Contributors: ? Origi-
nal artist: ?
32 102 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

• File:Flag_of_Jordan.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg License: Public domain

Contributors: ? Original artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg License: Public
domain Contributors: own code, construction sheet Original artist: -xfi-
• File:Flag_of_Kenya.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg License: Public domain
Contributors: http://www.kenyarchives.go.ke/flag_specifications.htm Original artist: User:Pumbaa80
• File:Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg License: Public
domain Contributors: Drawn by User:SKopp, construction sheet. Redo by: cs:User:-xfi- Original artist: Made by Andrew Duhan for the
Sodipodi SVG flag collection, and is public domain.
• File:Flag_of_Laos.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg License: Public domain Con-
tributors: Drawn by User:SKopp Original artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Latvia.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg License: Public domain
Contributors: Own work Original artist: SKopp
• File:Flag_of_Lebanon.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg License: Public do-
main Contributors: ? Original artist: Traced based on the CIA World Factbook with some modification done to the colours based on
information at Vexilla mundi.
• File:Flag_of_Libya.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg License: Public domain
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href='//validator.w3.org/check?uri=https%3A%2F%2Fcommons.wikimedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSpecial%3AFilepath%2FFlag_of_Libya.
svg,<span>,&,</span>,ss=1'>valid</a>.
• File:Flag_of_Lithuania.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg License: Public do-
main Contributors: Own work Original artist: SuffKopp
• File:Flag_of_Madagascar.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg License: Public
domain Contributors: ? Original artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Malaysia.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg License: Public
domain Contributors: Create based on the Malaysian Government Website (archive version)
Original artist: SKopp, Zscout370 and Ranking Update

• File:Flag_of_Mexico.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg License: Public domain

Contributors: This vector image was created with Inkscape. Original artist: Alex Covarrubias, 9 April 2006
• File:Flag_of_Moldova.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg License: Public do-
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be found at http://flagspot.net/flags/md.html#const Original artist: Nameneko and others
• File:Flag_of_Montenegro.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg License: Public
domain Contributors: Own work Original artist: B1mbo, Froztbyte
• File:Flag_of_Morocco.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg License: Public
domain Contributors: Flag of the Kingdom of Morocco

Moroccan royal decree (17 November 1915)

Original artist: Denelson83, Zscout370
• File:Flag_of_Mozambique.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg License:
CC0 Contributors: From the Open Clip Art website. Original artist: User:Nightstallion
• File:Flag_of_Myanmar.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg License:
CC0 Contributors: Open Clip Art Original artist: Unknown<a href='//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4233718' title='wikidata:
Q4233718'><img alt='wikidata:Q4233718' src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.
svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png' width='20' height='11' srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/
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40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x' data-file-width='1050' data-file-height='590' /></a>
• File:Flag_of_Namibia.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg License: Public do-
main Contributors: ? Original artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_North_Korea.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg License:
Public domain Contributors: Own work Original artist: Zscout370
• File:Flag_of_Norway.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg License: Public domain
Contributors: Own work Original artist: Dbenbenn
• File:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg License: Public do-
main Contributors: The drawing and the colors were based from flagspot.net. Original artist: User:Zscout370
• File:Flag_of_Paraguay.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg License: CC0 Con-
tributors: This file is from the Open Clip Art Library, which released it explicitly into the public domain (see here). Original artist: Republica
del Paraguay
• File:Flag_of_Peru.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg License: Public domain Con-
tributors: Peru Original artist: David Benbennick
• File:Flag_of_Poland.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg License: Public domain Contrib-
utors: ? Original artist: ?
102.2 Images 33

• File:Flag_of_Portugal.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg License: Public do-

main Contributors: http://jorgesampaio.arquivo.presidencia.pt/pt/republica/simbolos/bandeiras/index.html#imgs Original artist: Colum-
bano Bordalo Pinheiro (1910; generic design); Vítor Luís Rodrigues; António Martins-Tuválkin (2004; this specific vector set: see sources)
• File:Flag_of_Romania.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg License: Public do-
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• File:Flag_of_Russia.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg License: PD Contributors: ? Origi-
nal artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Serbia.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg License: Public domain
Contributors: From http://www.parlament.gov.rs/content/cir/o_skupstini/simboli/simboli.asp. Original artist: sodipodi.com
• File:Flag_of_Singapore.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg License: Public do-
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National Symbols Kit. Singapore: Ministry of Information, Communications and the Arts. pp. 5. ISBN 8880968010 Pantone 032 shade from
http://www.pantone.com/pages/pantone/colorfinder.aspx?c_id=13050 Original artist: Various
• File:Flag_of_Slovakia.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg License: Public do-
main Contributors: Own work; here, colors Original artist: SKopp
• File:Flag_of_Slovenia.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg License: Public domain
Contributors: Own work construction sheet from http://flagspot.net/flags/si%27.html#coa Original artist: User:Achim1999
• File:Flag_of_South_Africa.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg License:
Public domain Contributors: Per specifications in the Constitution of South Africa, Schedule 1 - National flag Original artist: Flag de-
sign by Frederick Brownell, image by Wikimedia Commons users
• File:Flag_of_South_Korea.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg License:
Public domain Contributors: Ordinance Act of the Law concerning the National Flag of the Republic of Korea, Construction and color
guidelines (Russian/English) ← This site is not exist now.(2012.06.05) Original artist: Various
• File:Flag_of_Spain.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg License: PD Contributors: ? Original
artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Swaziland.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Flag_of_Swaziland.svg License: CC0 Con-
tributors: ? Original artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Sweden.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg License: PD Contributors: ?
Original artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Switzerland.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg License: Public
domain Contributors: PDF Colors Construction sheet Original artist: User:Marc Mongenet

Credits:
• File:Flag_of_Syria.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg License: Public domain Con-
tributors: see below Original artist: see below
• File:Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg License: Public do-
main Contributors: ? Original artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Tanzania.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg License: Public do-
main Contributors: ? Original artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Thailand.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg License: Public do-
main Contributors: Own work Original artist: Zscout370
• File:Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg License:
Public domain Contributors: Own work Original artist: Vzb83
• File:Flag_of_Turkey.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg License: Public domain
Contributors: Turkish Flag Law (Türk Bayrağı Kanunu), Law nr. 2893 of 22 September 1983. Text (in Turkish) at the website of the
Turkish Historical Society (Türk Tarih Kurumu) Original artist: David Benbennick (original author)
• File:Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg License:
Public domain Contributors: ? Original artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg License: Public domain
Contributors: ДСТУ 4512:2006 — Державний прапор України. Загальні технічні умови Original artist: Government of Ukraine
• File:Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg License: Public
domain Contributors: Own work Original artist: Oʻzbekiston Respublikasining Davlat bayrogʻi. The officially defined colours are Pantone
313C for blue and 361C for green (source: [1], [2]). Drawn by User:Zscout370.
• File:Flag_of_Venezuela.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg License: Public do-
main Contributors: official websites Original artist: Zscout370
• File:Flag_of_Vietnam.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg License: Public do-
main Contributors: http://vbqppl.moj.gov.vn/law/vi/1951_to_1960/1955/195511/195511300001 http://vbqppl.moj.gov.vn/vbpq/Lists/
Vn%20bn%20php%20lut/View_Detail.aspx?ItemID=820 Original artist: Lưu Ly vẽ lại theo nguồn trên
• File:Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg License: Public
domain Contributors: Own work after www.flag.de Original artist: User:Madden
• File:Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.
svg License: Public domain Contributors:
• -xfi-'s file
34 102 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

• -xfi-'s code
• Zirland’s codes of colors
Original artist:
(of code): SVG version by cs:-xfi-.
• File:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Flag_of_
the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg License: Public domain Contributors: Own work Original artist: Nightstallion
• File:Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_
Republic.svg License: Public domain Contributors: Own work Original artist: User:Nightstallion
• File:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg Li-
cense: Public domain Contributors: Own work Original artist: Zscout370
• File:Flag_of_the_People’{}s_Republic_of_China.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Flag_of_the_
People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg License: Public domain Contributors: Own work, http://www.protocol.gov.hk/flags/eng/n_flag/
design.html Original artist: Drawn by User:SKopp, redrawn by User:Denelson83 and User:Zscout370
• File:Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg Li-
cense: Public domain Contributors: The design was taken from [1] and the colors were also taken from a Government website Original
artist: User:Achim1999
• File:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_
China.svg License: Public domain Contributors: [1] Original artist: User:SKopp
• File:Flag_of_the_Seychelles.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg License: Public
domain Contributors: [1], for the RGB approximations [2] Original artist: User:Vxb83
• File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg Li-
cense: PD Contributors: ? Original artist: ?
• File:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg License:
PD Contributors: ? Original artist: ?

102.3 Content license

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