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    40 views69 pages

    09-Positive Displacement Pumps PDF

    Uploaded by

    Ahmad 77

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 69
    rogram developed for API Division of Production by: Howell Training Company ‘5201 Langfeld Road Houston, Texas 77040 Programers: Shirley Ball Lyn Sandow Kure Simons Editor: David Sprey ‘Artist: Robert Culp Production Editor: Paul Stadtherr Content Specialists for API: Guy Tanner Humble Oil & Refining Co, B.W. Pitchford Humble Oil & Refining Co, Content Consultants: C. A. Champion RM, Robinson . Renn Rothrock Wendell L. Zachary ‘Validation provided through ‘the cooperation of: Humble Oil & Refining Co ‘Mobil Oil Carp. . Sun Oil Co, Special Acknowledgment For the general encouragement and support given the PRO#IT programed leaning series by the API Executive Committee on Training and Development: J. P. Malott, Continental Co., Chairman; H. D. Aggers, Thums Long Beach Co., Chatman, Committee on Vocational Training; Howard Swaim, Continental Oil Co,, Chaltmar, API Sub-committee on Pro- ‘remed Learning, and members of the subcommittee q OPrevam Pe 1971 This program may not be reproduced in whol or in part without ‘express permision of Howell Training Company. All translation rights aro reserved by the publisher PE e4olo/~ 5 4 B oe) POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS Section 1 An Introduction to Positive Displacement Pumps PROFIT: POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS BOOK ONE Section 1 ‘Aa Introduction to Positive Displacement Pumps The Positive Displacement Pump How Positive Displacement Pumps Are Rated» Capacity «= 5 Horsepower and Eficieney Net Positive Suction Head (NFSH). Performance Characteristics Section 2 “Types of Positive Displacement Pumps Reciprocating Pumps .. f “The Piston Pump The Plunger Pump - The Diaphragm Pump’ Power Pumps and Direct Acting Pumps. Rotary Pumps conse Lobe Pumps: Sliding Vane Pumps Gear Pumps Screw Pumps.» Review Positive diaplacement pumps are reciprocating and rotary pumps that move liguid by the positive displacement of Jiguid volume, In Section 1 of Positive Displacement Pumps you will learn the operating principles of these pumps; what determines thelr capacity, pressure, horsepower and efficiency: how NPSH is calculated; and the performance characteristics of positive displacement pumps. In Section 2, you will learn the basie types of reciprocating and rotary pimps, including piston pumps, plunger pumps, Giaphragm pumps, direct-acting steam and air pumps, and rotary Tobe, vane, gear and serew pumps, You will lara how these pumps differ from each other in design and perform= Im Section 3, you will learn the construction and operation st pump valves, pulsation dampeners and suction stabilizers, ‘variable. displacement devioes, bypasses and relief valves. You will learn about packing, lubrieation, and cling systems. In Section 4, you will learn startup and shutdown proce ures; how to recognize and solve common pumping prob- Jems; and proper operating maintenance. INSTRUCTIONS ‘This is « programed learning course Programed lecrning gives Information in s series of steps called frames. Each frame gives some Information and asks you to make use of i. Hore a how it works. Fis ight with a mask cover the response column at the Read this frame and uso the information it gives to fill in the blank: ‘A micrometer is an instrument designed to measure in ‘thousandths of an inch. ‘A micrometer i a good tool for measuring very ‘lifferences in size Move the mask down to uncover the word at the right of the frame. If you have filled the blank with that word or a word that means the same, you are reedy to go ahead to the next rame. ‘The drawing of s micrometer provides information that will help you Al'n the next blanks. ossect ose MEASURED. anv ‘THNBLE SPINDLE a fete = gaener FRAME Soven major parts are shown in the drawing, bat only on PE fond the contact the object to be measured. ‘mall anvil; spindle ‘The next frame calle for & choice. Circle or underline the ap- propriate word Of the two parts that contact the object, only the (anvil/ spindle) moves. ‘A program is series of frames that work like the ones you have just done ‘Reed the frame, Use the information toll in the blanks or mak © choice. DMMove the mask down and check the response column. Go on to the next frame. Remember to cover the response column with a mask before ‘you begin each page. ‘Notice thatthe left-hand pages rom here on ar printed upside down, ‘The program is designed 80 that you wil go through all the right-hand spindle SECTION 1 AN INTRODUCTION TO POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS 1. A pump is a machine that applies energy to a liquid Pumps are used to__ liquids from one place ‘to another. ‘2 Liquids flow from areas of high potential energy to areas of lower potential energy. For example, liquids flow trom one clevation to a (higher lower) elevation. 8. Liquids flow from one pressure area to a (higher/lower) ‘pressure area. 4. A pump can change the direction of flow. SUCTION DISCHARGE ‘This pump is moving liquid from a low-pressure area into a" “pressure ares 5. The pump creates a low-pressure area at its suction. Suction line pressure forces liquid into the 6. The pump applies energy to force liguid into the “ine, 7. The difference between avetion prosoure and diesharge pressure is the "added to the liquid by the pump. pump discharge pressure, or energy 8, A pump can change the rate of flow. 50 GPM 700 GPM ‘This pump is forcing liquid to flow at a higher 8. A pump applies mechanteal energy, or force, to a liquid. Because of this added energy, pumps can foree liquids to flow: from one elevation to a ___ elevation ‘from one pressure area to @ pressure area; and at highor of flow. "THE POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMP 10, A Tiguid can be moved by displacement. Liguio When placed in the bucket, this block will displace ‘rom the bucket. 2 rate, or GP3E higher higher rates liquid, or water 11, In other words, the block will some of ‘the liguid out of the bucket 12, ‘The block will diaplace a volume of liquid equal to the volume of (the block/the liquid in the bueket). 18. "This is the way a plunger operates. CYLINDER Livi \ - PLUNGER ‘As the plunger moves into the cylinder, it displaces a volume of 14, ‘The plunger’s displacement is positive or constant, ‘The plunger displaces a volume of —— eal tw the volume of the in the eylinder. 15. A pump that displaces a constant volume of liquid is called a positive ump. 16. A positive displacement pump first traps a volume of liquid in a eylindor or easing. ‘Then a moving part a volume of lguid from the eylinder or casing. 17, Liquid can be displaced with rotary or reciprocating motion, CASING SUCTION PORT DISCHARGE PORT “A gear pump uses _____ motion to trap and dis- place the liguid. oree, o> push the block liquid liquid plunger Alsplacenent Aisplaces rotary 18 1. 20. a, Piston pumps and plunger pumps are (rotary/reeipro- cating) pumps seciprocating Both rotary and reciprocating pumps operate by trap- ping liquid and then the liquid into the

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